PROCEDURAL AND EXPLANATION TEXT

-Definition

-Purpose

-Generic structure

-Language feature

-Example

A. Procedural text

1.Definition

A text that is designated to describe how to do something or how something is

achieved through a sequence of action or step. Its explains how people
perform diffrent process in a sequence or step.

2.Purpose

To explain/tell the reader how to make/operate/do something through a

sequence of action or step.

1. To anticipate an unwanted outcome

2. To help us do task or do something
3. To make a task become easier

3.Generic structure

1. Goal: contains the purpose of the text (eg: how to make a smoothie)
2. Material or ingredient: contains the materials that used in the process
(eg: the material to cook omelete are egg, onion, vegetable oil, etc.)
3. Step: contains the step to make something in the goal (eg: first, wash
the tomatoes, onion, ... second, cut the onion to slices)
4.Language features

This text uses simple present tense, often imperatif sentences. It also uses the
temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next, finally, etc.

1. Simple present
2. Use imperatif (ex: cut, don’t mix)
3. Use action verb (ex: turn, put, mix)
4. Use Temporal conjunction (ex: first, second, last)
5. Use adverbial phrases(ex: for 5 minute, 2 cm from the top)

5.Example of procedural text

How to make a smoothies

Tools:

 Blender  Spoon
 Cutting board  Cup
 Knife

Ingredients:

 Banana  Milk
 Mango  Ice cubes

Steps:

First, Peel the banana and mango skin. Then, cut the fruits to smaller pieces
with the knife on the cutting board. After that put all the fruit slices and also
some milk and ice cubes into the blender. Next turn close the blender lid and
turn on the blender. Wait for about 3 minute. Finally open the blender lid and
pour the smothies into the cup and stir the smoothies with a spoon.
A cup of refreshing smoothie ready to served.

B. Explanation text

1.Definition

Is a text which tells processes related to forming of natural, social, scientific,

and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say why ‘ and how’ to form the
phenomena. It is often found in science, geography, and history text books.

2.Purpose

To explain the processes of how social, cultural, natural, or scientific

phenomena is forming.

3.Generic structure

1. General statement: Stating the phenomenons issues wich are explained

2. Sequenced: Stating a series of steps wich explain the phenomena

4.Language feature

 Generalized non human participant (ex:sun, rain, etc)

 Using chronological connection (ex: to begin with, next, etc)
 Using passive voice pattern (ex: The flowers are watered by tary)
 Using simple present tense (ex: Yola eats a banana).