ABDM 3513 BUSINESS ORGANISATION & MANAGEMENT

TUTORIAL 8

Matching Questions

1. Match each source of power with the correct phrase:

a. Control over punishments

b. Control over valued outcomes
c. Authority to tell others what to do
d. Possession of knowledge

_c_1. Legitimate Power

_b_2. Reward Power
_a_3. Coercive Power
_d_4. Expert Power

2. Match each trait with the appropriate phrase:

a. Integrity
b. Drive
c. Self-Confidence
d. Leadership Motivation

_b_1. reflects a high level of effort

_d_2. people who want to lead
_a_3. matching actions and words
_c_4. enables one to overcome obstacles

Structured Questions

1 Briefly explain the following leadership power:

(i) Reward power - Reward Power- power possesses by managers to give tangible or
intangible rewards to follower as reward for good performance. Example: Gift,
virtual praise, recognition in the organization

(ii) Coercive power - Coercive power- power possesses by manager to give

punishment. Over use might tend to be ineffective as leader.For example,
punishments in a tangible form like pay cuts or intangible forms like demotion or
even fire are given to unethical or bad-performance employees as their
consequences.
 (iii) Referent power - Referent Power- power comes from loyalty and admiration from
followers which is based on leader's personal characteristics. For example, instead
of listening to the head department’s instructions, employees may more prefer the
project leader’s word, due to the leader’s caring attitude and friendly.

2 Path-goal theory identifies four types of behaviours in which leader can engage in order
to motivate their subordinates. Discuss these types of behaviour and give one specific
management example of how a manager could act according to each of these.

Directive leadership
- Directive leadership is a path-goal theory behavior in which rules are defined by leaders
in a detailed way to enable employees to follow and meet the expected output. Example:
A manager wants to implement a project. He will distribute the task and give employees a
schedule to follow in order to make the project runs successful.

Supportive leadership
- leader will make work pleasant for the workers by showing concern for them and by
being friendly and approachable. For example, the manager can show his/ her concern for
employees to act friendly by providing mentors to them, enabling them to gain experience
and skills to handle similar tasks in the future with minimized supervision.

Participative leadership
- implemented when the subordinates are highly trained and involved in their work. An IT
manager will consult his employees and discuss the projects and make the right decision
in order to succeed in the project.

Achievement-oriented leadership
- sets challenging goals to their members and expects them to perform at higher level.
For example, a salesperson at insurance company. They work solo and have better
problem-solving skills.

3. Discuss the THREE (3) situational characteristics in Fiedler’s leadership theory that allow
a leader to determine the favourableness or unfavourableness of a situation for leading.