Morales Torres Santiago Yael - 653A

Overview of the Global prevalence of Adolescent alcohol effects Cognitive and Adolescent alcohol
adolescent brain adolescent alcohol use on the human brain Functional neural functioning effects in animals
neuroimaging studies following alcohol
have identified
potential effects of
remittance
Alcohol-induced deficits are
The brain undergoes significant Alcohol is the most
arguably more impactful for alcohol use on
neurodevelopment during frequently used
adolescents than adults, given that adolescent brain
substance, as it is One functional Adolescent alcohol
adolescence, with maturation educational attainment, learning, activation during

Neuro-psychological consequences of alcohol use

generally the easiest neuroimaging study use in male rodents
continuing until around age 25. and ongoing neural development tasks of working
for adolescents to

Functional brain consequences

are the most critical developmental memory, inhibitory reported that, after has also been
access Globally, one month of associated with
tasks of adolescence control, and reward
Brain gray matter, which includes mostly 22% of males and abstinence, poorer inhibition,
sensitivity
nerve cell bodies and dendrites, tends to 5% of females binge adolescents who reflecting heightened
decrease during normal adolescent drink during Alcohol use behaviors at ages 12 previously drank impulsivity and risk
brain development via removal of weak adolescence. to 14 predict lower educational Binge drinking may heavily no longer taking in adulthood
synaptic connections and changes in the achievement in later years affect the emotional exhibited alterations
extracellular matrix. component of reward in reward activation
Globally, 22% of processing and to alcohol cues,
males and 5% of Adolescent binge drinking was
decision making, as highlighting the
White matter volume and white matter females binge drink associated with an overall cognitive
damage to the potential for
integrity increase over this period with during adolescence. deficit and specific impairments in Similar to human
posterior cerebellum adolescents to
continued myelination of axons, allowing When focusing on decision-making and inhibition studies, moderate
has been associated benefit from early
for more efficient communication country-specific alcohol use and
with cognitive and intervention and
between brain regions. adolescent binge binge drinking in
Some cognitive domains show emotional deficits recover from the
drinking, rates are male and female
dose-dependent relationships short-term effects of
reported as 36% of rodents predicts
Neurotransmitter systems, which where greater alcohol use is alcohol
males and 12% of Neuropsychological alterations in learning
transmit chemical signals across associated with poorer cognitive
females in Europe; studies demonstrate and memory during
synapses, also undergo significant functioning
30% of males and a possible dose- Long-term cessation adolescence
change in adolescence

Neurobiological consequences
6% of females in the dependent response of binge drinking (two
Structural brain consequences

Americas and of alcohol use on to four years) was

Binge and heavy drinking appears
Inhibitory control is generally lower in Western Pacific executive functioning associated with
to affect the normal
adolescence than adulthood, reflecting Regions; and ability improvements in
developmental trajectories of gray
greater excitatory synapses approximately 17– and white matter maturation immediate recall that
21% of adolescent during adolescence, particularly in coincided with control
Heavy drinkers may
males and 3–4% of the frontal and temporal lobes, performance of not
Neurotoxin exposure, particularly alcohol require more
adolescent females and interconnecting networks, drinking and
use, during adolescence can affect executive cognitive
binge drink in Africa which suggests alcohol use is improvements in
healthy brain development (cognitive, control to perform at
and South East associated with accelerated brain long-term memory
emotional, and social functioning). the same level as
Asia. aging and working memory
non-users.

Leesa, B., Meredithb, L.R., Kirklandc, A.E., Bryantd, B.E. & Squeglia, L.M. (2020). “Effect of alcohol use on the adolescent brain and behavior”. University of Sydney, University of California, American
University & Medical University of South Carolina. Retrieved on December 8th, 2020, of https://www-sciencedirect-com.pbidi.unam.mx:2443/science/article/pii/S0091305719306021?via%3Dihub