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    Calculus Cheat Sheet Hand Written

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    Calculus Cheat Sheet Hand Written

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    35 views15 pages

    Calculus Cheat Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Ross Hamilton
    Calculus Cheat Sheet Hand Written

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 15
    “nig ponent) DEGREES st ¥ RADIANS Deg. Rad. Sine Cosine Tangent 30%, OS Ble Vg 6% Me Ma 1 ow Sh Os 8 90%, t ° UND. 200 7% -08 “GS 135 3% Ma -l 150 8% 5 “Gin og Igo 7 ° “I Oo 210% 05 “Se ig 2s 64 Ma 1 240 +, “Gh — -O8 8 210 3, 1h ° UND. 300 5% “2 5 “GS aig 1% Me Vea, = 330 "% 05 Be MS 300 2 =O ' ° 255° anor 288° SOK CAH TOA |[oegrees-Radians on? = ni( Brad). [eeese eaten N : 7 ve oR YAR |leadians- Degrees nitead = waived ( Hi ies All Smart | [ 30-60-40 FS-45 -40 |[DERWATINGS OF BASIC TRIG FUNCTIONS SFX 1S Ineadians, Taig cases || M-Mo-Ve ‘Sinx= COSX Jcosx: seciciane aA || *6 Bi rawxs sect A cots -csctx A c8exe~ ese xeot x |) dsinuscosu-u’ Zaanussecu-u’ Z secur secutany: A” * x cosue-sinu-u’ footur-csdueu’ fescue ~escucotu-w’ [MAG IDENTITIES) x * * in (18. Sin?x +cos@x 21 sin): 4 [eee Sin(xay)= Sinx cosy + Cosx Siny sin(#-@)= cose dam*x 4 \= Sect z Sin Cong) Slnx cosy ~ COSx Sing Cos (‘E-6)= Sine le corte = csctx — cos(S)et[Tecesx COS (xy) Cosxcosy — Sinxsin ar a i 3 san -0)= cote Sindae= 25in%C05% Jan (yy4 cos (x-y) = Cosxcosy + Sinxsiny ea) Cos 2x= Cos*x- Sin?x, ae (eee . THE LAW OF COsINES: costes 2on™- 1 ney (tae ton Cxry)= tax + 4004 Vacutect-zbeaeA /\a Coszx< I= 2sin2x ae Antes ptat4ct-2accosB C/ costxe Lecesay — tan (xy) = tax” FONY Jets atapt-zabeosC 2 \+ tan tony Fan x tang tontx= _24anx Ie tan? x cstxs = secxs 1. tony: SinK cotx= 1 _ 698K sinx cosK Sm tanx Sinx ABSOLUTE VALUES FACTORING SPECIAL POLYNOMALS: lim sinx 2 tim x. { eis (3, 1x20 Jat Bt CarBy(A-B) Fer ~W) IF xa Vien conn, eq) Mien £6) <=80 hen lim 2b co and F(IKO when x>a_|loiviog BACH TERM BY THE x? xgat OA) HIGHEST POWER OF X LIMIT LAWS lie ay Fj © Him (600 +g Gc Ulm con + len goa FOR USE IN PROOFS xa li - eli - Olin [eea gt} nay FOO XI |] O< teal 6 €- € Notatlon FOAzL fr any Such Hat Whenever Solving for F any f smaller Han Fay Will work £90 we can Find J>0 Han LEGAL IKE Xam tlm €4«)- Ca) @ use tne First one most xea xa user eb DERIVATION BALES MER RULE hi @) lise [cfoa]. ¢ IM ¢60 Pulses @ fies Ceedgtny] = Poy eoo fos goo aay Yay a) Distance Velocity Actaloraten| im £0) 2 EHEC) Ip tegen go ay xa IO) Thy () ad xa 9 & d'ud=v@ =fal DERIVATIVE BY DEFINITION Sipe ora Tee tora - Pointslope bana sen a a Tim Fath) - Fox) ov 3 goints (x80 CXate? Mine dnreugh voint (4, i ECan = FO) pry = Fon + Zr ~ aed, tuttn Stogem ‘Sloge-Tntor cept Form = £ Foo x Ase) yemGead He oS yb = mlx-a) £/GgoN= FOG OD eat | Crain ULE a i £" " RF ao= £ eave | SQUEEZE THEOREM EE FGA gle) SHG forall x in 9 Coxcept possibly ata ) and FINTERMEDIATE VALUE THEOREM Suppose tat £ is continusus on the closed interval [ab] a “b and let N be any number Wyn gon) eM nod = 1 Then te goed sh Strictly between Fi) aud Flo), |] 74, xea xa Tnen Has mists: 6 | ; a _ wh Here oxists a number & atencscee The cin (a,b) suchnad Fc) = Ni. f OD) Fant rbesere Tren ge) sot b?- hae fe % 2a an open Interval that contains [irene 2 Um og Um ox o @/ Cx) DECREASING RoLue’s THEOREM, ‘Same Condistons as PVT aut F(AV= FC b) as worls + Points oF TaFlectlon Than thoce isa #@ in (a) Soh RMCKI=O and Fox) is changing FCCdEO Gow ot Prat pbs freon CU CD oF conc ee) ese ng rire Sma [OS ‘Snq|[RLTES cae Find oh interme = PCREVEN 5 P | 1 | [me quantity yaa mone 42 Mexhelze or talileite Fad= FexWeven 1 LETRAS) 3 Set eCuI=o Ealve Gr x ond aeoly le 40°60} “i [FACTORING PeuvNonines PORT 65 OF EnPenen iA 31 if | CE oe Rae oan: CaveXat-nsre" [sede (ES [Tx 00% [Funes icons oe canis || SATSGRATIOni FORMULAS = suns +6 for Sede niietntegrats faa eisai tic TE BEDE TEADAL Hen BOO FED|) fatean futur [atau BS LfeMw'se'l fates nlx] f= tah Sint rcostxe |! sintxs Ye (I-Ces2x) coszwe costx-sinty| fant F18S5CX costyalg(iecestx) CoS2x = 2eostx=t lecoltx=C5c!X stnaxeasinxcesx CoSLxs InZsintx Jfetoax F(b)-F(a) where Fis [Sinu-ule-cosu Seosun's simu] fsec*uu's tanul (csctu-ut-coby * any antidorivative of F(x) =£6)| Sion eg Foner J etgea- gone? fecuru™ gegen $68) _ atte oF Fntay- se [we Sranuu's -mlcosul] fsecuranuu’: secu} [eecueu's tnisacus tml [eotu-u’s Imisinul [escucoku' C804 feseusut inleseu=cotul [sinwe=easinx fcosinkesinhd foe Cu-u’ 4(Seawtanu + in|secut tar!) Fart fesse lait “ENTEGRATION GY PARTS] a IGONOMETEIG INTEGRAL For cases of Ofsin™ x ces™x onl @Stan™xsec™x -Wfurw eat [fuv’=uv-fy-w] OF Vl @se nis edd, save one (command uses " =a] VO r i-Sintx foo ining factors iy mk ee Marae +E IS Bd, sare on Cole oud Us ent cat #0 expros He renal ra P terms of Cosine. Gotiy into of one ov mevall cosnx Siu dye cos lx 7s 140 reaper gtd Sth raat nv pepe ea Moke TG NIBGRALS Bis sean, Fave ore Gata wel @faiemnccosnx de terns oF fone. Gabi ra tant 10 6 Ye remaining fasiors hi . Sat Ferm of rpc wove tanto becaas torte steel sTenats odd , Save one (Stor tame) and useRontre $80%el tok meaty Ofsinmxstanx dx factors interns of Sex, Got lt Into Hie form off Sec"y Secxtoandes bac" ntl PIES sometines We? Ful 40 Use Holdentitd in corns singed Ofeosmxcesnx dx hare ewlem}o}i To — Fornadnos Hose cases —» SET NOME TRIC SUBETI TUITION Radical Becomes + Radical can bein the @fsinnrcss 8 =A fsinca-ey + ainCar8h lqt-xtinxeasind Axsacosode —COS® Numerator ov dmowicior sasing sino Ofsin Asin 3 feos CA6)- cos CAB ((aTT ee xe atond dezasectoda acece (ZH tara # © Sees KcosB=#{cosCh-8)+ cos CANBY Ie -ativx: asece Axsasccoineds atane “Seat siete REISR EIEN fot oat Fons Rtas gat yt DY on fg FO FT Tn rated Ceeeneterags gam eae sas (Qplair Teaguctnleduadeatics Geeoatedscreduplie Gustrasts 6” = [am Kan toa adm (aas Hines) EM ABESO Gar fa gt be foe eS ene Se a “Aaeesty Ms ein Season ae a> stare S60 attic tee Chavet Geeamuen tie Fa a ROE ToS Un GBs Ue 2) Bark 5 coun toot ir? DSI ince Deve*Ket/iinws Dieter Vibes 3Sa 300" Magy BES OH DesChent/a IRE DSN Ke ne Deeks “1/0 a a © Se ae EROS SUBSITTUTION pr math) Bie corn ET Us VaR) HGVcwermaeeie Gaueuccus Suet eereeeeee Ratlonas Eumetions |! CS dan() 2 Sl eee Ne tract + EMftie ABET Use oes ao neal Frochians or Lang Olvislon Fist eat =Soparate He Fraction. = sine 28] [ cosx= HE? multiply By He Conjugal ]- Entagration By Parts iveg| Teed TEimetote toe ae re adding ead Subtracting WRETETERA, METHODS soni 2 FEAL Ouse 7 PARTSecd SUBETITUTIN dus Tate = nally oy Vi ‘aia eto RELATE THE PROBLEM To PREVIOUS PROB LEMS ~ THY AGAIN me AgPeaxMATE INTEGRATION Riemann Same with Finite ns Accuracy: Sh>Mn? th? EnwLn Usesn Ferlobm. All Approx: [lw Be (Fede Foy eb Fen ne BBD Fe fins Ba) +(e VE ncgkn))] For fede fins BS (Fave 2 ef Ga)e~ afm Rem] [SRE Sen anette + AF Gye) # Fon) a eon ral S exw lf Mp ay?) [Emmi < ssax 16 Ce\Mdo-a)> oh < cxarle WoaiC-ays] For Mx) aut #40) bene 15.00 Carb) ent macttal [eoris eel feel el Tear] Ss. ee actuate Raion scion © EERIE IGE AL simon ire [eoriPa@isca. THEOREAA Foe Spee tee wEORNS | Ae ENGR SA Hisitzaf ginteg.@ta9 Bolwernors | Lins Desert exietened.tnl lef Coad g are continues and FOZ GOZO > o Pliandindisixs ab o.ack eG = RE ESS REET |= J Roses Camveseowr, J "360 reevenre ae [ete BS, SG lox Cbeste Dassen ood 1s DIVERGES | Shyaf CON TEER Ae [Ree a al, GSAT | Ge0 ma Fe ottegentsoyasocton -B Iscobtx csc sinzxeasinxcasye C0820 I-Zaintx é Be OMe TRY. [EUMEAMRALTAL comme Oe CAL cuts | at St Sat TY |Z ao Fecanae then a'= FCO [Fe maga fs tnlsacus tonal Snir ae forms OF Cosine - Gob tt to +p form oF one Or mer [tesscGitaeh ch tetceee || ap Testa sino In tne Seren of one or marell eae es pases are reo eats || OOF ns even Fave ge Becta Ved us eoecths tetany 10 gepcees Hen remaining facing = terms of fonx. Getirin ‘oF one or Sees @Isimmsccosmx dX pin || d, fativtivxzatme dsasecteds —asece aq Tratiexs asece Axsasecoinede _atan® “far peal es PARTIAL FRACTIONS «Use Partial Fractions to Find the Inte gral OF a ratonal Function 4/Deq Qc) 7 Dog PX) Dac (gattonar’ TF DOG Px) 2 DigGLA) 1 US® LONG DIVISION {eae = [Raters toi Ha partial Fractious, Flest Facterita Qcm) ... Four Possibie Fuctorizations |singie Linear factors Rogeated Linear Factors Since eaeege Qexd= (aye HYG % Hoa) +++ (eX Heke) QOAz (Aix +b)” Us VOCS Lear oemen Maitlglo. TapIeRSTONES SuBsTH 8G) Ady Ae gy Am PG, Av 4 Ae yoy Ae Foran rated) Fix) of Slvr ond Com OGq* averes * aaewoe GaXHOR—QGN™ aie, (AixtoN sores) te tan(x) = Sie Bilng le Drreduc tiple Quadra Hes IRegeared * rreduclbio Quadrahcs Ze QO (axt terse ) b®-4ac <0 OON=(ax2 Hox 40" __b? ac 4 Ox) on bat] USE bise METHOD. USE SHELL METHOD, oad aS ec aa Ex Shoat Casio X-axis or line Il +0 x FGA rot. about q-axls or Hing i to, Sx re yaty,, Ye Xbometingydy 4g Oxrexate , Ye x domethngldy 3 o od rete about x-axts oF lng to. Sehere — ty Wr 3 1364) Fob. about y-axis or Unett to iy SD) 5 Xs Yisomelaghds xy (someting dy * Rt. tyrmld~ 2 Bh Arenok Ay eex ate , 8 nag agenyaty 9 re radtas b= nolght Be He ba TANG INTEGRATION RMULAS Teigoniowerine WIECEALE Jsinuu’ e(cosusc| fsectuw’ =tanusc | fsecutanuw’ = secure | Suu = att! + giepe we sinutc | fesctueu’ =@coturc] feseucoturu’ = Ocscusc ot Ssinteeasbee SN cosuu! [Paneet Oimieosul re]feoraw = misinaltc] fsecurn’ = Inisecuttanal +c] fescun! Sinleseuntaral +O HYPERBOLIC I DeATITIES DERIVATIVES OF HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS ee Coshtx-sinhtice | sinh? xe Gosh2a=! [4 cine cos [ Zerxssinnx] isn Seok? ae tanh? xrSecn2x = 1 a cotmte coches 1 Coshts coshackt |FH ceomce © cadmncothn secnx=Osechatanval [Beatin =O1Ser A] Sinks 2sininccoshex [DERIVATIVES OF INVERSE RYFEROALIE FUNCTIONS neon a x a simirhes a dusw = FFE ltaniics siohy cobain cosine a feos & lx cosine ‘STrink| Inn, la act 1 4 seve 2! sechye, -L cschxs 1 |] 4 cson he. secw'x = “cosh. ‘sir | a iia | | Pie imhxcoshy + cashx Sly sinhGrg= Sin hxcoshy ~ Coshx sinhy [J ARCLENS SUREACE ARE! D cosncersye Cosh cashy + sinh sinhy |]152/UTeceGnnl |SA= 20 Fon Tepe oes ae | SAC ZT x [Ceca i < beat gw OFT Con Gee Ces coshg = sInhx sini, a OTERO FAAS) ace ssc HOMOGENEOUS FEM Sub: V= ¥/x (LOmSre Goud Me mex Yor yo) Pelrmcens) Batons 9) gh RAN] de |B yor yy | Seaman (E@STOSDEE LNEAR DIFFERENTIAL eaUATIONS [BERNGILLT BPFERENFIRT EGAATION Wow Linear — |fanilal values cies + ™ n Given ylo}= 30 gy + Pedy > GG) Fie ease HO oh, fron aonan diy Podg= AGay” Suki [Ea Cnridus (-maeT oes Brett [Secon sfoee UNEAR HeMOGeHeoUS DIFFERENTIAL BGURTIONSw/ CONSTANT COPPIGIENTS: abc -cowions cya arbiter fay’ + by’ + Cys O ]YCX)= C14, 00 + C¥26<) [Roots of ort+ br tceo hun: Char! | GENERAL So LUTION: ec teaanae ne [et eeeeg Sat eae 7 a VAL ylol=w, Werte apna Soe] CAiDeW Hoes Ye greta i= (G,cos Bx +C2iNBX) NON HOMOGENEOUS LINEAR DEFERENTIAL G@UATIONS] GENERAL SOLUTION [JOO= Uc (x) + Yetx)] where fay” + byt Cys Gx) ]a.v.c ~constonts Gir- FANTte| Uclds the solution to he Rolkagemans y aw"tby’ C4" O METODS TOR FINDING UpCx)! UNDETERMINED COCETCIENTS (GiB e) AND VABINTION OF PARAMETERS @) \@Q__ Go Tier Try gebe [We GO= Gedy, Cd UGG ACD] Yo ithe Come Feo Y= CY, HCe4a Cyn" per $C Co] Aik bt ae “| a 7 oa Toposing 2. Conditions, cek™ hee vag? Teggary [Wrst Ua'4a= and ACS da 424) AG ye “Y241 Cooskx + Dsinkx | Acoskx +Bsink x Cade Heh’) gee!) | Cg,t aug’ ys’\2 G Pigvad ag ini orig te a Goro Geet cbeanchan! a rege tine FC) das ax ¢ qa Eee ar ea [uae sere) J-5F Gee HGOKED mult Up tres lice pops RIES SOLUTIONS: We can now Sdlve DID Syke Frmlan'y” + bry’ Hex yECfumere ave, v3.6 are constake never bteaac Fi) f2 Complex ati b- 4acko Jz Geeie Hed HKG) de Hoe Separatzcanes lays oye HOR, ay” soy ecys kOe) UPMee Then yo GO ™ yer + Yor (Linear Conbinatitn) Ye Zones cos ce ace nt ecanPt cart. Zrsetaniony shdjust Trdives ana guwers of x to beconsigtant Tndic’s nt ayerysning pice ¥ by Sane anownt , 44 Vice versa tC yt xe x7 ACaK? boo B= Breads Crt ace 4 BeaT + Cw CORFHEIENTS: Line up coefticlents of powers oF x7 gad, nz * i t Fst several ntweNegat 2s 2g #32Cgx FABCANTE Wind a DifFormnce Gquation y wrlte out Me first, brs Eptenen trae toscor v4sene Grade eMommanaion te iply theaughe 2 alee, plug sslutlon for Cn nto ye Spun” «Convert tv intoo funienon | Laitloly Hnemighn bj XT AS neve SSary fatty Pag sHutlonter Gn Inte ts Eur tse u/ prow MeclawieZ's FarecgAnoncageaiAS —fpaure 26 for Selec intesro | Fei gguoneTe Fup pepe dos Hale La | furan faust fatane BS [feMaceel fade txt] f= tn tal \[akxe x= a8IN@ dx=acosede Natex? x atone dxsasec’ade 2 otra] 4. 10 [oo ra fis] [Sinu-u'e-cosul feosusw’s sinu| {sec™u-u's tamu (escturus-coly | os yeasece dxcasecotonede frereRsTRNSs SUBSTITUTION face Sranucu’s -tatcosul} (secutanuu’: secu] feeunu's inlseus tonal soo 0.8 fas196 L=4am(E)= SIC Sai el LOT ATO are nish ae eMirreetare [re ne BE Tease ee] dxs qed fasslewall 5 br fsenks fsshram Eval viel, fsolirvigi-o.s Ns fal-) TOTAL TO Sint + cesta =| Bintxe K(ines2x) cos? cos%x-sinta] males | NUNIT DMP INN Ferlarger|T, Cri eeo| tantx +12 5ekx costwa te (14 ces2x) CSO 2eostse=t 7m Paleasa | @™ Baa" [lau ab Sin(xtu)# Sinccosyteesxsing sgqpye Bie [TRIG [in Hype t [Lvegtats Bale [hey [BOR TR =o contains coucenge sinesiog #2 intave | alge | HEP Ee $l, me id Bg OE Eintlscawcosa astessav~sina_tanQuycoyecotal cl |[reva inn "| |eragon"nrag'G 8 "BE farec! Omer, 0%, 60", alo ] akc Lene NWO ST @ert 4 Come 1 x 4 1 f Sarat ter cheese (sarc El este Spe Pele cron FoR $460. ‘? Woe [seer pss lel Comnenes Ja: [a=r(cosestsine)] Ve = Ve(cose - vein6))e-0-bilacu=e +a] au+8e Fr BF ax PEMONEE'S geen: rrees-integer” | SESH FaReMLA | ROTTS OER care UsK BH: 8 a ne [r(tasoeLsiney}*= eP(cosno + vsknney| ets cosy rising | ke r[eos(BsZeat)s Lsin ARO] Ee R [pipgaritacos(O+0n) asin (Oe ]| Bien = Fire eosto,-es)- Lsin(o.-0,), 2eFO12= rel? JorM=-tlets TRIG. ENTEGEMS Army Benx]| MUGONOMETRIC INTEGRALS? S5in™x cos a8} Tron secede Sua’ = sinacose4Ssinovystincavm) |[OBSAE Soren, everes coining fotos intoxmts of sin Coins sie Hence encacesceos cur |[p tad sevetsanentrossremaig ack facts of ck wl sete La ce Ue ja hcos Bs Beas (a-aces CRA) nie TER oS le Ge EeSeraCTe TN bes Bet (Fan of Cente Ce ne B58 (Cases) Fu r= 4 Hants Arpen fr, FFG Line BE (Peed sFCu + F(% Tye Bae (Hae aF Cuba ZENE # AEC) Y FCA) Fane BE Fans APCsade AFaD 4m HAN OFLU] ae HDA) ove Lanted [eis TEnalS ans eeMona® Ue) 5 eect anon ad Taal for Qeupic Fumetion Is always © SERIES? [acorive 1s treium of twoterma cl a sequents. Zane Q.eaz t03 0 ro santen 2 3,36 Zam! CONVERGENT A. PARAL SUMS : Sp= tae nth parslatsuen of Zan S Baieaeartertan zee eneS Zen 1s CONN, (ac longas anc) i Bre Con tories bo ve Wate far AC Even: Save s4d)s OXRVESS caracivtng Fachars by FOVMS OF 4OAK Hil SE: knee) oF us Boe oe ree eta och hore Rett DIVERGENCE TEST: TF Ht ay FO or ONE , Zan IS DIV. CONTRAPOSITIVE! IF Zam 15 CONV. then UE m=o MeseeETY Sutnot an iS ve yor lateral $F . @useonly if tue Integedl ts Eas: Evaluate, Ban iSCONV. EF Ye Improper Integral fon de 19 CONV. Guserar If Hae TateGeN tS Geeta Cont el) REMANDERES TIMATE For THE INWGRALTEST: F Zan CAN. and Ry=5-Sn 1 Hen, fhinldx S Rn < (bond Also Sn 4 Shure SSS Swe Sard © Zon musk bo cow, By tae tntogral Test for Huspto DesPoteaele rT Tbaggate toa Dan od Boy mbar Ne Ulin poritive femme Oswemuevb Ive - WY ener PED Le SO ST AT Tan CONV, 0m al CONVERDES G)IK Dani tin er alin Ord Zon CONV. ” Sncendusive FoF BE EOt 3ren eraiin and Zon DV rr Zan alee DIVERGES _@IeTergbn ralin edTZen DIV. ~Srcenclusivo For Zh "LIMIT COMPARISON TEST: Suppose thatZnand Zon Gre Series itn positive Ferme SUAS RV Cour ALSO EST Garam a = L 50 Ban either oand thm GOT lm te Ten Zan 2 To ond ¥| nie Bs nso nen Zonepan andl ()TEllen Ao Sen" Conn. o¢ Bot DIV. Ps O en eae Cony, © neeem =O Bim dN ZanaledNd THE ALTERNATING SER{ES TEST: The all. cevies FEM Un 1S CONV FG) bru dbn eralin and (oY) sieubar® Sanh tM EaReR EERMUTE FoR ALTERNN UNG SERIES: TF ZC an CONVERGES Hite (nl # IS Sal bret reo Lest ta Tete ARSOUATS CONVERGENCE: Aserles Zan 15 AOS.CONV. IF Zlan| CONV. Tf Zan 13 ABS.CONV., Zam ts COW. EE Lan conv. but E lanl DIV. 4 Zen 1s CANIDCTIONALLY CONV. (€L,) @) AF Zon has SMEG terms} use Tle fee TRAN” (Gate AND toy ROOT TESTS EOS AGS.CONV. ? DFtnese teats fall Zan is at most O©. and powel bly DIV. « Wagan RoC 0 et [Set |= on Zan 3 OT les Yeon Zea 15 ABS, CONV. QE La | For Stray. BAO se, [Set [=LO Pun rtemer Moses ty OT Bs O Tw amnalan CONN © neem”? Zon DN Zana THE ALTERNATING SERIES TEST! The al. series ZCIMln 1S CONV IF (a) bra S¥n Fralin ord Cor Aga PN*O wannreneel Fata EanMRte ra ALTERNET. Stkiea? ot 2PM an CONVERGES thins Wn *[9- Su1& bye Bee tee team conor ABSOLATE CONVERGENCE: Aseries Zan 15 ABS.COMV. IF Zlay| Conv. IfZan |S ABS.CONV., Zan Is CONV: ZF Zan CONV. but ZlanI PIV. 1 Zan ts CONDITIONALLY CONV. (C.C.) @) AF Zan has HomaG tacmy, use Tlanl for HEE Gas AUD wa RooT TEETa FORGES.GAN, SPtresevons fal! Zang ot oat Oa powly ON 7 Wana Roe Hoan Zon 13 685, CONV. @ TF La | For i RATIO se Me [Suet [= L _ St VET G | RA | [= FOR Sequences mo SERIES | END C50 EVALUATE ©. SEQUENCE OR SERIES 7 - Which tests abply for Seqnances, Which forserles 7 Oe TERCES : DOES IT CONVERGE , and \f so, EVALUATE ‘ “Tf fre Sequence 1s defined as a functlen with ts domain on tne positive integers, Hen TE (Gn FG) ner FO) Isa Continuous Fun chlan then lean = lie £60 = L re Wer FG = Ne ane L 1 Then due S8quence Gn) 1s CONVERGENT B, DF the sequenceis defined recursively, nok In terms oF a functen, ie Can)= F@n-) Take the Unit as noo of both sides oF Hee given equalltyje lla ays tle flay-t) € wet Armee Teytoturn ik nto au algebvale exprasslen such asa quadratic +0 selva for L = lesan @romambsy ! (ye anes = ane L Ofer Preoks, utiee tne E-F dekiniin oF of Sequence Te you can solve for L= Win an y tne Sequence CONVER CES @peases - How Do We Sow THAT ASCQUENLE IS CONVERGENT 7 DIES TTCONYE@OE? @temamver? ALL BOUNDED , MONOTONE SEQUENCES ARE CONVETCOENT A, How do I shew that tno sequence is MonoTONE 7 /Eitor increaslag or de craasing SprFan Is Inovedsing, show Wat Ane 29n FOC Alin 2 You cin usually tou IE agoguania Is 7Tfay 1s decredsing, Show Hat an Zant Fr alin 3 Incr, or deer. toy ablts Fist Featores: B. Havdo Tonew Hat tne sequence Is [BOUNDED 7 Bounded Bola above and below 2TFan's Increasing, show Watt is bounded above by Lora PL Geounded below by 41) TE ay 1s decraaslag, chew Matitis b euded b clew by Lor a HCL. (Bourdedl aloars by 11) @euizel dumb : Show tratan ts bowled albovwor below by anaryou priate Haw Halt Wall ow Vp Hab SEGUGNCE emdsug Being CONVERGENT: Cuse ATA Tocvaluste’) ave mente @tomamyar : You can Choose to show Haat \t 1s bounded or menstone, mong arden je Cawantent ane 3, SQUEEZE HE REM TE OnSbnSCh fOr NZNo awd Vane lincn= Lj tren ler bw=L 4. THERES) 6 lie lanl> 0, tren aco wee wo 1 Hae meg 5. THERE MCT) Hs sewvence Co) CONVERS IE “USFS | ancl DIVEROGNT Mr a\lodae r valuss ofr fe Teorhe £0 le -bcret ses te ret . G. BE An rd bn ave CONVERGENT SEQUENCES , Yet can apply Mie lit Laws orsequenws @ TE CON VERVENCE Isghven USE Aboard Bro Gvataate , TF it snob, Use ZA. and ZB Ord \F CONV, Bue rat BERIES series You can tosh For convergence and evaluate, from Fonltvorthy Rie Eataone Form. a Eh AIS <1 CONVERGENT A. GEOMETRIC SERIES - Bar''= SEMA SSIS. pent DiveRoaut z at a got to g, TeLexormesemes Sa,-8(k-d)= L-d elena snsteciny Wiican, C. P-SERIES |2 pe Converoes If P7( , DIVERGES IF PS, teZb Dy, Zen TESTS POR CONVERGENUS OF DING RGENUS OF SERIES A. 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IS Not Tue SAME, HE UAMUT Dees NOT EST © nf) (3 OUTIMOUS RT Ca) ye THe OMT OF Gray As Coif) hCb\ EMSTS. Sa oe nae “Boe ae Feaniss repeat. 2 ae Sen toee Be) EvRATED ATN POT Grosge) (Y= Yo), TSMmL Bx, Bq Bxedx, B OEE fx AnD Fy APE cooTiMoUs Az de. ak of satrtgnu Az) mechmag)n Mog Ge ere mt Peas Cale) be Ay) ~ ftaye) = Flasdonbs [ THeomem BE = GLA Bn +45 Ca)b) By + 2 Bm 4 2 AY alow rod C2 oe fuimctlone of dx axel Dy Hak Aegreedn Oa (Br, Byl > (0,0) ver. >fis nea CRD foc 22 Fim iE GRADIENT VECTOR | B= £654) Veta) (Hoo, 3 me) = ey ee eS) Finaieo Gta Pee a Fema am Saar ae rE Toten Netel Dit Flesh = yy scab SAME For Fx (m2 + Fylde) Fe (B-BaFO SE Ive -Pe=0 epetaegh eee [ NORMAL-LINE TOA LEVEL DP Flay) = VFGuy) st BVARIABLES. Seems] See = Sess Feat ea THEN Fae 4 VRE nfl) ond PAULUS a-ak UMAXIMUM AND MINIMUM VALUES 2= F604) pater) Flmy.ay=Fong) 220 LEVEL SURPRLE w/a org (=e) Dire mame occurs when UF tym tue game Dir. apt DEE RVE-T= [veil cose = Wel Blet=eso) THE GEADIENT VEctoR POINTS IW THE DIRECTION] OF STESUEST ASCENT OR DESCENT (avasutt Fx (ae)= 0 y(a0)20 VFlails (0,07 BUT [ NewS CAET To GunBteE A Mader OF MON: 4 tone ATPLY THE IND DERIVATIVE TEST Aled Sien Pre tg a ts Ceaivae fae ms 2 Find tre tyme values of fon tas Boundans of D SD cat aa Sn coe a OU eset Fy *D70 | Fax 70 LOCAL MIN, G AND Varlables of wae Sorin 22 erg) aaah fash Devine Usual Reahae 0 Sawa tor Orlical Dis, (hiwmys dace (Gave DP0 1 hex

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