_— — CP) f f { L; ! me ooWsiie Pea eyo eM ere AM NOt ACO) (a Eo Cee ed (os) eee eee Een A a=) eT) De XG ELB BANE iTalking about the effect PRONOUN REFERENCE: magazine article of technology Talking about past events LANGUAGE USE: listening to a talk Evaluating different sources COMMUNICATION STRATEGY: asking follow-up questions of information ———— Talking about your birth year LANGUAGE USE: writing online comments i Talking about online activities INFORMATION AND RESEARCH: identifying sources of information i Describing people's reactions Culture Vulture = Page 17 Describing and comparing art Uc § LANGUAGE USE: reading 2 movie review Discussing and comparing c_. IDENTIFYING SPEAKERS’ OPINIONS: book club meeting cultural activities Talking about movies eee) LANGUAGE USE: talking about cultural activities, Discussing cultural differences LINKING SENTENCES: so and because Co ‘SELF-DIRECTION AND LEARNING: developing cultural awareness ! Tickets, Money, Passport! Page 27 Talking about vacation plans PRONOUN REFERENCE: travel article and preferences Talking about possessions and LANGUAGE USE: listening to travel plans ee COMMUNICATION STRATEGY: responding to requests Asking for permission Making and responding to requests Estimating and comparing quantities stimating and guessing (carbon footprints) LANGUAGE USE: writing a to-do list THINKING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING: It could Happen to Anyone! = Page 37 Talking about opinions PAR UAE USES Leading anleacee Discussing good and bad experiences. IDENTIFYING SPEAKERS’ OPINIONS: an informal conversation Talking about life events and changes LANGUAGE USE: asking questions to complete a questionnaire Talking about a tradition Talking about feelings Responding actively in a conversation LINKING SENTENCES: but, and, or, so, and because COLLABORATION: active listening Page 47 Fi me Talking about music and PREDICTION: magazine article musical preferences Describing music LANGUAGE USE: listening to different opinions Talking about concerts COMMUNICATION STRATEGY: starting and ending a conversation Talking about past events LANGUAGE USE: writing an informa! review Giving advice and warnings ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING: narrowing the focus of a presentation Discussing the focus of a presentatiog Page 57 Describing rooms in a house Describing a living space UNDERSTANDING INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCESSES: podcast Talking about giving gifts LANGUAGE USE: reading opinions LANGUAGE USE: talking about living spaces Talking about housekeeping Discussing virtual worlds Giving your opinion IDENTIFYING PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE: topic sentences COLLABORATION: discussing alternativesGrammar Review of the simple past Past progressive Irregular simple past verbs Prepositions at, by, about, in when and while Comparatives with as... aS/not as... as Superlatives Spelling rules for forming superlative adjectives Irregular superlative adjectives i coal Possessive pronouns and whose Modals of permission and request Present perfect—ever/never Present perfect—How long/for/since Past participles Have you ever ...? Present perfect vs. simple past Modals of advice and warning, Direct and indirect objects Separable phrasal verbs with direct objects Preposition + indirect object ee: MO LTE Ta Internet activities I Describing reactions Sources of information (websites, newspapers, etc.) Adjectives for describing the arts Cultural activities | F i Different forms of culture f (paintings, plays, etc.) f Travel essentials Travel Types of vacation (skiing trip, road trip, etc.) Adjectives to describe vacations (perfect, fantastic, etc.) Carbon-generating activities {heat your home, etc.) Good and bad experiences Feelings Frequency expressions (once, twice, etc.) Time expressions (ten minutes, etc.) Active listening techniques (eye contact, etc.) Active listening phrases (sure, yeah, OK, etc.) a ieee eae Words to describe music ==) Musical genres Words related to music (concert, playlist, etc.) Objects in a house \ ena | Ajectvesto deserbe rooms (ganized, messy. ete) | Living spaces (mension cabin.etc) Sharing accommocations(oommate, dorm, etc.) | | Adjectives to describe people (anti-social, seth, ote.) Adverbs of degree (extremely, constantly, ete.) SOUNDS: vowel + consonant + € SENTENCE RHYTHM: 8 ... aS/Not as ... aS SENTENCE RHYTHM: possessive pronouns SOUNDS: initial /sp/, /st/, and /sk/ SOUNDS: /2/ vs. /e/ SENTENCE RHYTHM: stress patterns with separable phrasal verbsContents A Question of Taste Page 67 PREDICTION: magazine article eer LANGUAGE USE: listening to complaints COMMUNICATION STRATEGY: explaining what you mean | Writing LANGUAGE USE: writing a recipe INFORMATION AND RESEARCH: writing a survey Love and Romance Page 77 LANGUAGE USE: reading an advice column UNDERSTANDING INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCESSES: an academic lecture orn Bs LANGUAGE USE: talking about dating customs IDENTIFYING PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE: relevant supporting details THINKING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING: using background information to soive @ problem Our Planet Page 87 UNDERSTANDING MEANING FROM CONTEXT: nature article par Td LANGUAGE USE: listening to a weather forecast Bye hrg COMMUNICATION STRATEGY: interrupting, versace se: wns oon Cc ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING: evaluating different plans Party Animals = rage 97 Dory LANGUAGE USE: reading a magazine article USING VISUAL CLUES: a description of an event LANGUAGE USE: talking about party plans WRITING PARAGRAPHS: writing topic sentences ‘SELF-DIRECTION AND LEARNING: eing assertive Innovate! lige 107 UNDERSTANDING MEANING FROM CONTEXT: technology Web site en LANGUAGE USE: listening to a description of a process Ee COMMUNICATION STRATEGY: expressing uncertainty (writing LANGUAGE USE: writing a product review Ca THINKING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING: thinking creatively Across the Generations Page 117 LANGUAGE USE: reading a letter pee coi USING VISUAL CLUES: parent-teenager conversations Burd LANGUAGE USE: talking about ambitions | Writing WRITING PARAGRAPHS: writing relevant supporting details COLLABORATION: reaching a compromise : Irregular verbs Ti j iv fnscethtnneert mettle — Doeithinettiinnst \, —_—_—ww = Talking about unusual foods Talking about food preferences and eating habits Listening to complaints about food Explaining what you mean | Describing food I Talking about quantities and containers | Talking about restaurants apenas Discussing dating customs Talking about preferences Understanding instructions and processes Talking about famous couples i Talking about animal mating habits Giving advice and recommendations | Talking about natural places) Making predictions about the future i Describing the weather I Interrupting Discussing poems Discussing city development plans Talking about parties Talking about future plans and events Discussing party customs Describing problems k Offering to help Complaining in a store onl Describing what materials different things are made of Talking about inventions and gadgets Talking about the use of technology Asking for and giving help Discussing cell phone features Discussing generational differences Talking about relationships Talking about household rules ‘and punishments Talking about the future Talking about ambitions Reaching a compromise f f i E , Pronunciation symbols, Communicative Wrap-ups, and Grammar Reference Pages 127-143Tastes and textures 4 WORDS: multisyllable adjectives Containers Food i ‘tp0//not) .. enough/really/very How much/How many and quantifiers Food preparation (add, put, etc.) Phrases of preference Negative yes/no questions Dating get + adjective Phrases with go WORDS: -ould Relationships (couple, fight, marry, etc.) Animal mating (reproduce, lay an egg, etc.) Things to do on a date will and going to Modals of possibility—may, might, will The weather Natural disasters (earthquake, flood, etc.) City development plans (build factories, etc.) definitely/probably | The natural world f SOUNDS: /e1/ J Present tense with future meaning Parties ‘SENTENCE RHYTHM: Modals of offer—can/could/will | Adjectives describing events inyenaireaaelle Hl Party customs i (arrive on time, say goodbye, etc.) Simple present passive | Materials SOUNDS: /ai/ Simple past passive Using technology by + agent Inventions (games console, microwave oven, etc.) (oil, refinery, etc.) Cell phone features | f Plastic-making process. i i (camera, text messaging, etc.) Zero and first conditionals i Describing relationships SOUNDS: /ou/ Review of future forms i if/when may/might/can Rules Ambitions (get a degree, make money, etc.) Reaching a compromise (make suggestions, be flexible, etc.)ce @ describe events in the past. @ talk about internet activities, ‘ © describe people's reactions to past events. ca | ci @ describe and give personal opinions on national and international culture. @ describe and compare pictures and art. © compare different cultural activities. cs @ describe what you need to take on different vacations. @ practice asking for permission in real-life situations. @ practice making and responding to requests. Ca @_ talk about good and bad experiences in your life. @ talk about life changes and their effects. @ talk about feelings. ce @ describe musical styles and discuss preferences. @ describe past events. é d © give advice on musical problems. | unite | © describe different kinds of rooms. @ talk about places where people live. é 4 © discuss the etiquette of visiting homes and giving gifts. } geen tenn vi give your opinions about food. describe your favorite types of food. talk about quantities in general terms. talk about how you would plan a blind date. give opinions and explain your preferences. talk about the love lives of other people. analyze a problem and present solutions. describe different places in the natural world. speculate and make predictions about your future and the natural environment. talk about weather, climate, and natural disaster talk about what happens at parties. zr « @ discuss plans for different social events. @ offer to help in different situations. cy @ describe the materials that are used in different objects. © talk about various aspects of gadgets. © describe modern technological processes and habits. cr © discuss how older and younger people differ. O talk about relationships. © talk about rules and punishments when you were younger. @ review the language of prediction and future plat Ss, Preece et ee Paar Mme he nellThe 1990s A. Look at the pictures. Which of these things from the 1990s do you recognize or remember? V4 =) Lara Croft from Tomb Raider fa the movie Titanic BBY work in pairs. What other things do you remember or know about from those years?A FB read these definitions. Tell your classmates which generation you belong to and why. " eco 99D #2 People who were children, preteens", or who People who were young adults! or teenagers! ‘were born in the 1990s are called Generation ¥. in the 1990s are called Generation X. —_—,. : — I belong to Generation ¥. | was born in 1992. i stint a exdcrte ne.cdreel amare ‘What is the main idea of the talk? a) Generation X people are more confident. _b) Generation Y people know more about technology. ¢ Bi Work in pairs. Do you agree with the speaker in Exercise B? Why or why not? ‘A: | agree with the speaker. I'm Generation ¥, and | know a lot about technology. B: | disagree. I’m Generation ¥, but I'm not very good with technology! A Read the article about the birth of the Internet. Write each of the phrases in bold next to its definition. Tn pees ‘of search engines in 1993. It uusesthe Internet, but it became common for people ‘wasn’t used by the general to use a search engine to surf public until the 1990s. One of the Internet andl find the first things you could use information. Today, i is, the Intemet for in the 1990s possible to play online games, ‘was to send e-mail and check as well as download music or your e-mail. Then, many movie files. A very popular companies started selling internet activity today is to their products on the Internet, write a blog. Lots of people and people started to shop —_do this to let other people ‘online, One important ‘know what's happening in development was thecreation their life. TF tookcat Web sites LD) getiites from the Internet = CO post email = D7 took at your e-mail eh Ab iatts cenaateee a 8 CI play games on the Internet = ee B [check (V) the internet activities in Exercise A that you do often. Then compare with a partner. A: J often download music files, but | never shop online. B: Well, [often surf the Internet, but | never play online games,eview of the simple past A Language in context Read this blog entry. Did Stephanie have a good day? ose ¢ 2D Saturday, March 13 | spent hours shopping online today for the perfect pair of shoes for the party. | found some great red ones! Then | ran into Aidan, and we went to his place. We downloaded an episode of The Simpsons and watched it on his computer. Aidan thought it was really funny. He took me home at about 6 p.m. | checked my e-mail, studied for a while, and then | played an online game with a girl in Hong Kong. At 9 p.m.,| chatted online with Aidan for about 10 minutes. Today was a great day! Posted by Stephanie on 03/13 B Notice Complete this table with the simple past form of the verbs. Look at the blog in Exercise A again to check your answers. watch cheek study pley chat Use the auiliary did + the base form ofthe verb ‘0 form questions and negatives in the simple past: | 16, Did you check your e-mail? _—_—| didn't watch TV lastnight ‘i mote my blog. XI wrted my blog © Practice Complete this online chat with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. You may need to write the question form of the verbs. ‘Mousei2: Hey Aidan! How are you? ‘Aiden300; Good. Thanks for today. It (1) ___ (be) really great. Mouse42: Yeah. I'm happy I(2) ___ (run) into you. 18) (think) the episode of The Simpsons @ —____ (te) good. ‘Aiden300: Me, too. (5) you (et) my text? Mouse12: Yes, 1(6) __ (get) itabout 10 minutes ago. ‘Aiden300: 1 (7) {oant) to ask you to go to a concert with me when 1(8) __ (Gee) you today, but I forgot! D FJ Now you do it Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about what you did yesterday. What did you do yesterday? B: | got up early, and | went to .». What about you?Pronunciation: vowel + consonant + e AGB) Listen to the pronunciation of these words. Notice that the vowel in bold “says its name” and the e at the end Is silent, game hate page B BB BD work in pairs. Practice saying these words. Listen and check. cake late take make bake date 2bike nine line hide like ride Vocabulary: describing reactions ‘A What type of reactions do these adjectives describe? Write + for positive, - for negative, or +/~ for positive or negative. 1 shocked at/by 4 amazed at 7 wortied about 2 upset about 8 surprised by 3 excited about —— 9 happy about = 8 (BB Work in pairs. Make a list of important events during your life. Tell your partner how you reacted to each event. 4: | remember when Princess Diana died. | was shocked by it B:| don't remember that, but | remember when Michael Jackson died. | was really upset! liked him a fot Perse ec eee enedReading: pronoun reference Pronouns are words SUCH as he, she, they, them, and there. These words refer to nouns. It Js Important to understand exactly which words the pronouns refer to in a text. Usually this, information comes in the clause or sentence before. A Read this magazine article about people's memories of important events of the 1990s. Then write the correct event above each description. There is one extra event which is not described. The birth of Dolly the Sheep in 1996 The 1996 Olympic Games in AUanta | | remember (2) them pretty well. | was ten atthe time, and t was really interested in field. My dad got tickets to qo 2) there, and was really excited about it for months. We sa men’s 100 meters, and Donovan Bailey won. (3) He set 2 new world record.The Canadian team pretty well so | wasn’t disappointed! I'm glad | was there to support (4) them!" -Greg, Ontario 2 | was only ten atthe time, bt | remember seeing (5) it onTV. Some people were woried because they thought it would cause problems with computers. We inited some fiends over. (6) They were really excited about it. My dad got some fireworks, and we lit them inthe yard, but the rest ofthe evering was boring, really: We watched the celebrations atthe Eiffel Tower onTV. They looked amazing. | wish 'd been (7) there instead" -Iabelle ile "Itwas onTV when | was about twelve, Everyone seemed amazed atthe news. | remember my teacher at schoo! saying thaw important (8) it was for scientist, but it just did't interest me, | thought (9) they should be doing more important things to help people, But | think | was too young fo understand how important (10) she was or understanding humans, to.” -Adnan, Kuala Lumpar MALTA 9A aS B Circle the people's main reactions to the events they describe, 1 Greg was happy / upset about going to the event 2 Isabelle elt surprised / bored by the event. 3 Adnan wasn’texcited / upset about the event. € Look at the pronouns in bold in Exercise A. Write the number of the pronoun which refers to each of these things. Text] Text2 Text3 a)the Canadian team ______e) some friends hy) scientists 3 b) Atlanta fat the Eiffel tower —__ 4) Dolly the Sheep, ©) the 1996 Olympic g) the New Year's Eve j) the birth of Dolly the Games celebrations in 1999 __ Sheep d) Donovan Bailey —__A Language in context Read this bio about Victoria Beckham. Answer the questions. euv5o &Biography in Contact Information __ FAQ VICTORIA CAROLINE BECKHAM Victoria Adams was studying at an arts college in 1986 when she saw an ad ina magazine fora new gi band, which later became the Spice Girt. She answered the ad and got the job! The band's manager chose her o become “Posh Spice” In 1987, winen Victoria was watching a soccer game, she met English soccer player David Beckham. "Posh and Becks” married in 1999, They had three sons together. Her youngest son, Cruz, was born while ff terres fesinneai ll 1 When did Victoria become one of the Spice Girls? 2 When did Victoria meet her husband, David? 3 Where was their youngest son born? B Notice Look at the examples in bold in Exercise A. Complete this rule with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses and simple past or past progressive. She ___ (study) at an arts college + whenshe —___ (see) anad.... l ¢ longer action in the past short action that happened at the same time Yes, /ne/she/1t was. He/She was eating, | Was l/he/she eating? He/She wasn't eating ‘No, Yihe/she/it wasn't twas raining. Was it raining? ewasn't raining. Yes, you/they/we were. You/They/We were eating, | Were you/they/we eating? You/They/We weren't eating, No, you/they/we weren't. © Practice Complete this bio of another member of the Spice Girls with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Emma Bunton, or “Baby Spice” as she is sometimes called, (1) __ (study) tobe an actress when she (2) (hear) about a new girl band called Touch. She (@) —____ (jin) the group after another member (4) _______ (leave) in 1994, ‘The band then (5) —____ (change) their name to the Spice Girls and they became one of the ‘most successful female bands of al time. Emma left the band in 2000, but she also (6) ___ (ave) some success while she (7) (work) as a solo artist. She (8) (meet) her boyfriend, Jade Jones, when he (9) (Ging) in a band called Damage. They 0) (lave) a son in 2007. They live in the U.K. Cr Now you do it Work in pairs. Use the prompts to tell “Sho was living in England when your partner about your life. ‘she met her husband Iwas living in... when Sho lived in England when J was staying/working in ... when .. she met her husband.asking follow-up questions ‘fo shaw that You are interested in what someone is saying, ask them follow-up questions. I's a good \way to get more information from them, and it helps to keep the conversation going. A [E) Listen to this conversation between two old friends who meet in the street. Check the follow-up questions that they ask. Oh, yeah? How come? A veak? Where? Took Dia you tke [Blleeenye ny friar wereyeu ara: [El Ana wnntssouryeur Tl eeatlye why was that? B EB work in pairs, Ask and answer these questions Use follow-up questions 1 What were you doing in 19992 2 What were you doing this time last year? 3 Where were you living five years ago? 4 Who were you dating two years ago? ‘What were you doing in 1999? B: | was living in Chile ‘A: Really? How come? ” Language use: writing online com ALB Work in pairs. Read these answers to a question posted on a Web site. Use your imagination and decide what happened. Choose a real life event that you remember. eve veo ask & answer.com Rane SSc WON cera Sonr gece at ont Wat were You Seater otto ee Peay es 1 was cleaning up the kitchen. My friends were inthe living room and they were talking about it I remember that Iwas relly upset about it J Francis, the U.K, My brother cold me about it.I was sleeping when he called me. He said it happened quickly. We were all eal shocked by the news. Todd, North Carolina We were ata party, dancing, Someone got acall about it. A lo of people were upset, and they were erying, Kelly Sydney A: | think it was when ... died last year : Or maybe it’s about the earthquake that happened in .-. BM erace antseee li nenincemretreat nelporcinelren teres © Write your own comment for the Web site in your notebook.Information and research: identifying sources of information * Decide what information you need. * Identify resources that can give you that information. ‘Find useful information. ‘A Read the competition rules and check (7) what the participants have to do. Form teams of four. Each member of the team finds out as much as possible about his or her birth year. He or she then has to answer 100 different questions about it. Questions are about these subjects: + important events and how people felt about them * the music people were listening to * the technology that people used * the clothes people were wearing + the TV shows/movies people were watching + famous people The winner is the team with the highest score out of 400 Good luck! (find out about the 1990s (1 find out about the year they were born (research the musie people listened to in the 1980s BB esrtin pacebonessne rroere per ceeting inthe cor pemuonl ents wretrescurer aa ae ay elt Taro eet oie nero iced is aa tntefenpe a eran tages oct] ese ne evr eecr owe ee ‘nine eneylopedias letters/emais Blogs [[mewepepers/magerines | iz [online videos ‘other people (teacher/parents etc.) other: (Sete gine ‘A= can be expensive or difficult to find B (C= the information may not be accurate/correct uu can ask more questions the information is probably accurate jou can access 24 hoursa day givea lot of information 4] One thing we could use is We could check ¢ (Now form a group with another pair. Discuss which of the resources in Exercise B you want to use for the competition Why don't we try ..? Let use .. to find. | think a good resource for the ‘uiz-competiton is. because D FB one of the resources you can use right now is your teacher and classmates. Find out as much information as you can about your birth year from them and make notes. A: | was born in 1990. Do you remember any important events from that year? 8: Yes. | remember that Germany won the Word Cup n 1990. ‘ SH A: Really? Great, thanks! , = E EB Share the information you found ‘out about your birth year with your classmates. you use regularly for study or work?Language Wrap up 4 Complete these sentences phrases from the box. (10 ———S { ‘amazed worried Writing a blog upset interested check my e-mall surfs the Imtemet search engines online games excited ee ee ee 1________ isa very popular activity for young people these days. 2 James is in downloading MP3 files. 3 Wewere very ____________ about the death of Michael Jackson. 4 In my opinion, children spend too much time playing 5 'mreally about my vacation in the US. 6 There aremany ___ that you can use to find information on the Internet. 7 Iwas ________ at how good Jake is at using a computer—he's only three! 8 Paulalways ________foranhhour or two every morning before he starts work, 9 Can Tuse your computer? I need to 40 Ym —__ about John. He's two hours late. net activities and describe reactions to events, 2 and 5 on pages 8 and 10. ‘SCORE: Complete the conversations with the simple past or past progressive of the verbs in parentheses. (10 points) 1. A: What (1) —______ you ___ (do) last night? B:1 @) —___ (watch) a TV show about music from the 1990s. It was really bad! 2 A:Where (3) ______ you ___ (go) on New Year's Eve? BI (4) ___ eo) to my sister’s house. 3 A:What (6) ________ you __ (listen) toa minute ago? It was really good. BI (6) _____ (play) a CD by a 90s group called Backstreet Boys. 4 A:We (7) ________ (live) in Canada when my younger brother was born. B: Really? (8) (not know) that. 5 A: Jurassic Park was my favorite movie when I was a child. (9) __ (watch) it lots of times. B: Really? I (10) ____ (ee) it once, but I thought it was boring. ‘Sections 3 and 7 on pages 9 and 12. SCORE: /10AF Work in pairs. Take the culture quiz, Test your culture knowledge PUR s swers with your classmates. jo you know about the things in the pictures’Vocabulary: adjectives for describing the arts Af) match the adjectives to their synonyms. Then listen and check. 1 silly a) new 2 amazing 1) dumb 3 dull ©) inexplicable 4 incomprehensible 4) very bad 5 well-liked ©) incredible 6 strange ) boring 7 torrible g) unusual 8 modern h) popular B Complete these sentences with words from Exercise A. 1 I think Dali's paintings are —_____ 2 Inmy opinion, horror movies are 3 Going to the opera is, D4 Inmy country, reality TV shows are 5 Shakespeare's plays are © Bl Work in pairs. compare your sentences from Exercise B. A: In my opinion, horror movies are amazing. 7. B: Really? | think theyre silly Grammar: comparatives with as ... as/not as ... as Af) Language in context Listen to this ; conversation between two friends ata photography = exhibition, Which picture do both women like? Saran: So, which picture is your favorite? Kate: Well, Llove the picture of the flowers. You know, the. black and white one Sarah: Yeah, Iike that one t00, but it isn'tas nice as the picture of the elephant. That isso cute! Kate: Really? I think it’s as dull as those pictures of a chair. I didn’t really understand what they were trying todo. Saran: Maybe we're just not as smart as everyone clse Kate: Or maybe we just don’t understand art! B Notice Look at the conversation in Exercise A again. Match to complete these rules. We use as ... as and not as ... as to compare two things. 1 We use as ... as to a) say that two things are different. 2 We use not as... as to 1) say that two things share a similar characteristic.© Practloe Look at these paintings and complete the sentences with (not) as ... as and the adjectives in parentheses. Aira 1 Picture Ais —_____ (small) Picture D. 2 Picture Dis __ (expensive) Picture C. 3 Picture Ais (big) Picture B. 4 Picture Cis —_____ (old Picture A. 5 Picture Ais —__________ (expensive) Picture C. 6 Picture Bis ___ (modern) Picture D. Now you do it Work in groups. Compare these pictures. A: Picture 4 isn’t as nice as Picture 2. B: | agree. It isn't as interesting. : (think Picture 1 is as good as Picture 3, and its prettier. - Pronunciation: as ... as/not as ... as a: i 1a BB)usten to these people glving ther opinions. Notice that the stress is on the adjective and not on as. as think Spain is as bemutiful as Haly.) (In my opinion, museums aren’t as dull as some people think \ B FEY 12) work in pairs. Practice saying these sentences, Remember not to stress the word as. Listen and check. 1 In my country, Latin music is as popular as rock music. 2 Tdon’t think painting is as interesting as taking pictures. 3 London is not as big as Sao Paulo. 4 Many people think that trains are not as comfortable as cars.opinions. Key words are important words and phrases that can help to identify a person's opinion. They can be adjectives of verbs such as like, don't like, and enjoy. The way a person sounds (bored, interested, etc.) can also indicate what his or her opinion is. A {P) tisten to this conversation between two people at a book club meeting. Write W next to the adjectives the woman uses. Write M next to the adjectives the man uses. interesting dull __ popular ____ notnew isten again and circle the correct answers. How do you know? 1. The woman liked / didn’t ike the book. 2 The man liked / didn't like the book Now listen to five other people talking about books. Circle the correct answers. 1 Speaker 1 says she a) liked a different book more. __b) thought the book was amazing. 2 Speaker 2 thought the book was . a) interesting, b) dull 3 Speaker 3 says he . a) didn’t like the book. b) liked the book. 4 Speaker 4 preferred ... a) the writer’s first book. b) the writer’s second book. 5 Speaker 5 says she a) doesn’t like books very much. _b) enjoys reading, ‘A Complete the blue circles in these word webs with verbs from the box. Then add one idea of your ‘own to each word web. learn about take seo)_ a book club o-) | B BI Work in pairs. Say which of the activities in Exercise A you would like to do and which you would not like to do, Give reasons. {Az Id ike to join a book club. | love reading books and talking about them. 8: | wouldn't like to join a book club. | think reading is boring. | want to take another language course. (td lke to fearn Russian, Language use: talking about cultural eS — ts ‘A Complete this questionnaire. ee “Pilike ... Cigoing to the theater. ~ wien to @ museum, se Osawa foreign movie. CO going to the ballot. a! th going to art exhibition, aaa _ Cllearning about architecture. 2 I belong to ... en ee eee Can art club, ee ene eee ne eae Da book elub. aes i Dlalanguage class. hy not try some different cultural activities? a music group. Bee Tenet ent) B FB Work in groups. compare your answers to Exercise A. Discuss any other cultural activities that you enjoy. A: So, do you like going to the theater? B: Yes, Ido. What about you? : Oh, | don't like going to the theater, but | enjoy going to the movies. ¢ fH Tei! the class about the activities that are popular in your group and the ones that. aren't s0 popular. In our group, going to the theater is as popular as seeing comedy shows, Art clubs are not as popular as music groups.‘Grammar: superlatives A Language in context Read these opinions. Which speakers give a positive opinion and which give a negative opinion? . Ge oe ad rece a believe it’s one of the most Eee “Elephunk by The Black Eyed rere ney iiraceecab aa BOE ees Cece eay Perea cir B Notice Look at Exercise A again and complete this table. For most, add -est: €.g., 0ld—oldest, ull—dullest, new—newest One syllable adjectives For adjectives which end consonant-vowel-consonant, double the final ‘consonant and add ~est: .g., thin—thinnest, fat—fattest, hot—(1) —___ ‘Two syllable adjectives Change the y to / and add ~est: ending in -y ., happy—happiest, easy—easiest, scary—(2) — a = Use most or least: Adjectives with two or ptreveyIEbleet e.g., Important—most important. interesting—least interesting, popular—(3) Ss Ls Irregular adjectives e.€., good—best, bad—(4) _wowa _ ‘Some short adjectives such as fun and real are used with Use the before superatives: fe nd not ~ least/most and not -est ¢. I the scariest movie. eg. Concerts are the mast fun inthe summer. Its one of the most popular shows. ¢ Practice Complete these sentences with the superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. 1 Inmy opinion, The Simpsons is the — __— (hfun) cartoon ever! cn 2 Luciano Pavarotti was the —_____(Pgreat) singer I've ever heard. 3 Taking a class is one of the ____— (tgoni) ways to meet new people. |X He's the more thin man, 4 The (interesting) shows on TV are animal shows. 5 The —_________ (funny) movie that | ever saw Was The Mask with Jim Carrey. 6 Marilyn Monroe was the _____— (t beautift) cultural icon of the 1950s. 7 [think hip-hop is the _— (tind) type of music. Thate it! 8 Justin Timberlake's new album is the ______ (Hot) CD of the year: D Now you do it choose one of these topics. Tell a partner one or two details about it. ‘the funniest TV show * the best group in concert * the most popular singer ‘A: The funniest TV show is The Office. I really ike the actors. B: Really? | think the funniest TV show is in your countryLanguage use: reading a movie review A Read this movie review. Did the writer enjoy The Simpsons Movie? The Simpsons Movie has to be one of my top five favorite movies of all time. | love it because it’s as funny as the cartoons, but its 85 minutes long—so there are lots more laughs! The funniest part of the movie for me is when Homer takes a pig home from a restaurant. He calls him Spiderpig and loves him more than he loves his kids—Bart, Lisa, and Maggie! Maggie is the youngest of the Simpson children and she never speaks in the cartoons, However, right at the end of the movie, Maggie says her frst “real” word. Go see the movie and find out what she says! | promise you'll love it! Sean Green, Ontario, Canada B EBB Think about two movies that you saw recently: one good and one bad. Tell a partner about the best and worst parts of these movies. Recently, | saw... The best part was when The worst part of the movie was when ... inking sentences We use the words so and because to link ideas. They are useful because they make your ideas clearer and more interesting for the reader, Because is used to introduce the reason for something and so is used to introduce the result of something. A Read this description. Which famous cultural icon does it describe? twas first invented in 1886 by Dr. John Pemberton in a pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia (1) because /so he wanted to make a “health drink.” Pemberton said that it was good for people's health (2) because / 0 it was made from sparkling water. Frank Robinson, who worked for Pemberton, created the logo that is famous today. Pemberton sold the drink in his store for the very cheap price of five cents a glass, (3) because /so it became very popular very quickly. By 1887, the business was too big for Pemberton, (4) because /s0 he sold part of the company to a businessman called Asa Griggs Candler. Candler started the company as we know it today. In 1985, the company started selling a new version of the drink, but changed the flavor back to the original after three months (5) because /0 people didn’t like it. B Read the text in Exercise A again and circle the correct linking words. © Connect these ideas using so or because. 1 Potato chips are one of the most popular snacks ________ they are cheap and tasty 2 think comflakes taste horrible, _________ I never eat them. 3 Idon’t drink cola, ___ don’t know what it tastes like. 4 ____potato chips are fried, they aren't very healthy. 5 Llove sweet drinks, always put sugar in my coffee.Self-direction and learning: developing cultural awareness ‘+ Keep an open mind + Identify ciferences with respect to your own culture. rs ais ‘Think of reasons for these differences. alg Tell a partner. When | greet a friend, | usually hug him or her. B Read this article about personal space. Which of the facts surprises you the most? Personal S pace Pec ceeetd different cultures and personal space: How Close do You Go? jieameterseneenms people feel comfortable standing close Cee een Ce a agers a td Seng nn) eet ey N Seen Se a People from Mediterranean countries such as Cee eu family and friends when they meet. They are also Se ae es ceed Personal space is an invisible area around you. ‘someone enters this space when they are talking to you, you might feel nervous or uncomfortable. People have ifferentatttudes towards personal space: some ‘people like more space than others. How close you stand to someone else winen you are taking to them Dee ers depends on who itis you are talking to and the ene situation. Also, how close you can go is aiferent eon cg in ifferent cultures, m4[Work in pairs. Talk about which of the things mentioned in the article in Exercise B are common in your country. | People in [county] are different from ‘people in my country because they D Why do people in different countries require more or less |!" [eourty its diferent because the personal space? Read these ideas and write some of |__| Pepe tere (dont). your own. People in my country (don't) because We (dont) usually Sea ee es Bron aa Cease een entieg are more serious and reserved.” Sere ttas & EBB Work in groups. Compare your ideas. Make a list of the best ideas below. Share your ideas with your class. = 3 aco We think that people in [country] like/don't need to have a fot ‘of personal space because } We think people in [country] are | ‘not as... as people in [countsy] becauseLanguage Wrap-up é Circle the correct words to complete this conversation. (10 points) A: Do you want to (1) see / look a comedy show this weekend? B: Uh, not really. I think they're alittle (2) dull / well-liked. A: OK, Well, how about going to (3) the ballet / a photography exhibition? B: I'm not really interested in dance. But I would like to (4) learn about / know art. A:So why don’t you (6) take / give a class? B: Well, I (6) took / went an art class, but it was (7) incredible / terrible! ‘A: Why? Was the teacher bad? B: No, she was good. The problem was that everyone talked about (8) modern / strange art, but like old paintings. ‘A: Maybe you should try something else. Why don’t you (9) join / take a book club? You love to read! B: That's a (10) great / silly idea. I’ try that. describing the arts and talk about cultural activities. sand 6 on pages 18 and 20. SCORE: /10 | Complete these statements with (not) as ... as or the superlative form of the adjective in parentheses. (10 points) 1 love CSI: Miami. I's (1) —_______(t popular) TV show in the world. [also like CSI: NY, but it’s (2) —______ Goad) CSI: Miami, so I don’t watch every show. 2 People in my country love going to the ballet. I's (8) _____ (chenp) in other parts of the world, butit’s (4) ____ (expensive) going to a fancy restaurant. 3 Acultural icon from my country is Ronaldo. He is (5) ______ (amazing) soccer player in the world. I don’t think Pelé was (6) ______ (talented) Ronaldo. 4 don’t think modern artis (7) _______ (dull) old art. In my opinion, sculpture is (8) —_____ (interesting) form of art. Now that is really boring! 5 [think Heinz® Tomato Ketchup is a cultural icon. A burger without mayonnaise is ©) (good) a burger with mayonnaise. But a burger with no ketchup is (10) —___ (bad) thing in. the world!i ite) aa SSpOort: ‘A Where would you like to go on vacation? Number the pictures in order of preference. Prac One Tote 7 Ps le eT. Pe ps SO Sa Lee B fl Tell your classmates about which vacation you woulld like to go on and why, Which is the most popular vacation?Vocabulary: travel essentials A BE) Match the words to the piotures. Listen and check (V) amap De RLU un suntan lotion a backpack D a pair of sunglasses a passport a wallet a driver’s license D aguidebook tickets a toothbrush, B [Bl choose the top five essential things in Exercise A to take on a summer vacation. Then compare your answers in pairs. A: think a toothbrush is essential. 3: Well, you can buy a toothbrush, but your passport is essential if you want to go to a diferent country! - Grammar: Possessive pronouns and whose are taking on vacation with them. OK, does everyone have their things ready for me to pack? Yes, Mom. Those are my things over there. Great, but whose backpack is that? Alicia, is that yours? Yeah, it’s mine, have my guidebook and the map in there. ‘And whose sneakers are these? Are they yours, Lucas? No! Those sneakers are hers, I don’t wear pink sneakers, Mom! ‘Oh, I'm sorry! And whose tickets are these? ‘They're ours, Mom, Dad has Lucas's tickets. i: DoT? Are you sure? | thought | only had to remember my wallet and my cameral ‘Mom: Remind me not to go on vacation next year! Al] Language in context Listen to the conversation below. Underline the things the Carters | B Notice Look at the text in Exercise A again, Complete the table on the next page and circle the correct options to complete the rules. 1 We use whose / possessive pronous to ask about possession. 2. We use whose / possessive pronouns to answer about possession. ET a 3. Possessive pronouns are used /not used with nouns. Who's wallet is this?We often use this/that/these/those with Whose .. 2 zilectiies) pronouns) e.6.,A: Whose suntan lovion is this? my camera ——— BIS mine. ‘your sneakers ——— ‘A: Whose shoes are those? Br Theyre his his wallet his her sneakers @) - its nose E ‘our tickets 4) p yours tickets | theirs ¢ Practice Complete these questions with the correct form of the verb be. Then write the answer, using the correct possessive pronoun. 1 A: Whose shoes these? 4A: Whose guidebook this? a: Theyve hi (Jolin B: (olan + me) 2A: Whose suntan lotion ____ this? 5 A: Whose tickets these? a = i) Be eo ate) 3 A: Whose toothbrush that? 6 A: Whose passport ——— this? a (Christing) Be —_______. ih D [ML Now you do it Work in groups. Take turns pointing to objects inside your classroom. Ask questions with Whose ...? A: Whose pen is that? Whose bags are those? Bits mine B: Theyre ours. BN DI isco esto no conversation inna uate teone ts lana smatene nese Tae ar eae ¢ fi Work in pairs. Talk about the next vacation you are planning to go on. Tell your partner what travel essentials you need to buy before you go. £: 1m planning to go on vacation tothe beach, | need to buy a new camera and bus tickets. B: Wel, m planning to go to Chicago for Christmas. | need to buy a new backpack and a guidebookPronunciation: possessive pronouns A [Bllusten to these sentences. Notice thatthe possesave adjectives se not crease OU tie SossesAG oes nacTeeIars Sessa 1 This is my passport. / This is mine. 2 Those are their tickets. / Those are theirs. B fE)isten and repeat these sentences. 1 Thisis your toothbrush. / This is yours, 2 These are our suitcases. / These are ours. 3 That's her guidebook. / That's hers Vocabulary: travel A Write the verbs from the box with the correct phrases. pack take make rent find change goon checkin ) 1 hotel reservation a flight reservation/ an online reservation —— ‘money 3 _____ your Inggage/your passport 4h a tour/a river cruise 5 ——_____acar/an apartment er a restaurant/a museum/a gas station 7 —____________ a train/a bus to the airport 8 —_____ ata hotel/at an airport B EB write the phrases from Exercise A in the correct column in the table. Then compare your answers in pairs. Ce OR oe BCR venta car A: usually rent a car before | travel B: And J always find some restaurants before | travel, too. | look ontine.Reading: pronoun reference eon ‘Sometimes pronouns are not just used to replace nouns. They can replace noun phrases and even entire sentences, Read the sentences which come betore a pronoun to help you identify what it refers to A Read this article about cheap vacations. Match the people to the vacation that is best for them, a young family with their own home 1 seeore hoe ving es @iTravel on the Cheap! These days, you don’t need a lot of money to have a great vacation. There are a number of different types of inexpensive vacations to choose from. Here are some favorites: A Backpacking A great option for people who love traveling and seeing lots of different places. Many backpackers ‘use trains to get around. (1) They're perfect because you can usually sleep on them. (A) Itmakes sense to catch the last trains at night because (2) these often have sleeping cars. This ‘means you wake up at your destination in the morning feeling great! B House swapping (G) This is a fantastic idea for people who have their own home. It's really simple and can save you lots of money. You join an online group of people from around the world. Then you take pictures of your house and put (4) them on a Web site. (B) If someone likes your house and you like theirs, you agree fo swap. Then all you do is pack your luggage and you're off! © Car dri OK, so you love road trips, but you don’t have the money to do 6) them often. No problem! Did you know that some car companies pay people to drive their rental cars from one destination to another? ‘fa customer decides to leave a rental carat a different destination, then the company may need someone to drive (6) it back to its nal location. (C) B Match these sentences to the appropriate places in the article in Exercise A. Use the pronouns to help you. 1 It’s a great way to see a country for free! 2 This is so that people can choose where they want to stay. 3 And that means you don’t need to make expensive hotel reservations! © Read the article in Exercise A again. Write what each pronoun in bold refers to. 1 trains 4 pa 5 3 ———— = D Bi workin pairs. tak about which ofthe three vacations In Exercise A you would like to try, and why A: 1d like to try car driving because | love road trips! B: Really? Id like to try house swapping because you can go with your whole family.A [i Read ivan's to-do list before he goes away and decide what type of trip he is going on. Tell a partner and give reasons for your choice. *+ a business trip to Russia ‘+ a skiing vacation in Chile ‘+ abeach vacation in Mexico + backpacking in Asia + camping in Greece Toxdo list snake hotel reservation “rent a car frm airg change money busy jacket get suntan lotion and toothbrush “pack luggage rent equipment online dont forget tickets, money, passport 14 nights HAW B Think about a trip that you are going on in the coming weeks/months. Write a to-do list of the things you need to do and buy. modals of permission and request AGP] Language in context Listen to the conversations below. Where do you think each one takes place? Conversation 3 Man: Can | check in, please? Woman: Of course you can, si. May I see your passport? Man: Sure. Here you go. Conversation 2 Woman: Could you help me with my suitcase, please? Man: Sure. ‘And may [ask you something? Go right ahead. Is there a bank on the way to the airport? B Notice Look at the conversations in Exercise A again. Circle the correct option to complete the rule. ‘Modals of pen ission and request (cam, could, may) are followed by the buse fort / infinitive (to + base form). Affirmative "Short answers Use may, can, and could: Use can or may: Use can or may: €.g., May/Can/Could | ask you something? | e.g., You can/may use | e.¢., Yes, you can/may. May is more formal than can/could my cell phone. eo? Use can and could only: e.g, Can/Could you open the door please?¢ Practice Complete this conversation at a travel agency. Use modals of permission and request. For some blanks, there is more than one correct answer. Good morning, (1) ___ I see some information about trips to Japan, please? Yes, of course. We have several brochures, but (2) ______ you fil out this questionnaire first? Sure. Oh, (9) —_____T use your pen? Yes, of course you (4) And (5) you excuse me fora moment to makea phone call? Certainly. You (6) _____ use my phone if you like Df Now you do it Work in pairs. Look at the situations below. Ask and answer questions for these situations using modals of permission and request. + You are atthe tain station and would like help with your suitcase. + You are checking in atthe airport and you want a window seat + You are in a taxi and want to go downtown + You want to sit in a seat on the bus. + You are in a café and would like to see the menu. Speaking: responding to requests Choose a few negative and positive short responses that you can use when people make requests, Memorize and practice them so that you're ready to use them at the right moment! A Look at these pictures and match them to the correct questions. 1 May I sit here, please? 2 Can I close the window, please? 3 Could you tell me where the gas station is, please? 4 Could you tum down your music, please? B Look at these responses. Write + for positive, and - for negative. Then write the number of the question(s) from Exercise A that each response can answer. Sure, + £24 Of course. Sorry, I don’t know. —_3 Go (right) ahead. No problem. Certainly. Sure, ee Sorry, but I'd rather you didn't. © FB Work in pairs. Take turns making requests and answering them. ‘A: May | use your pen, please? B: Sure, go ahead.4 estimating and guessing * Understand what you need to estimate or guess, + Do some simple calculations. + Compare your estimate to other data Thinking and problem-solving: A Read this extract from an environmental textbook. Follow the instructions. Your carbon footprint is how much carbon dioxide (CO,) gas you produce in your everyday life. This includes things such as traveling, cooking, and heating your home. Your carbon footprint is bigger, for example, when you drive your car a lot, take a lot of flights, or when you live in a big house. Its smaller when you use public transportation such as buses and trains to get around, or when you recycle clothes and furniture. Travel of every kind makes up the largest part of a person's carton footprint. To get a basic idea of the size of your own carbon footprint, check the activities that you do in the table below, Bigger carbon footprint Brneeeternce at Ly) g0 on tots of foreign vacations travel by car/taxi cook with gas/oil [1 buy food from large supermarkets [I ive in a tage house ( go on vacation in your own country travel by bus/train/subway cook with electricity buy food from local markets tive in a small house or apartment B In order to estimate your carbon footprint, you need to do some simple math. Follow these instructions from the Be Greener Web site. eve 299 Be Greener Search Do you want to get an idea of how big your carbon footprint is? The first thing you need to do is estimate how many kilometers you travel per year using different forms of transportation. Here are some examples to help you: Ezample 1: Megan Watkins, 25, Office Manager Megan estimated how much she used cars and taxis in a week, ‘Then she calculated her total fora year 210 km 52 = 10,920 km ‘Then she estimated how much she traveled by plane last year. 1 trip from New York to San Francisco. 4,125 km ‘Then she estimated how much she used buses and subways last year and divided it by two because you produce less carbon dioxide ‘when you use public transportation... Megan‘s total estimated travel for last year 40 km x 52+ 16,085 km, 1040 km,Now do similar calculations to estimate how many kilometers you travel per year using these | different forms of transportation: sg 1 My total estimated “car and taxi” kilometers are this year. ABEPE My y Sopp 2 MY toa estimate “aie” Rilometers are __— this year. My total estimated “subway and bus” kilometers are ______ this year. Remember to divide the total by two. Finally, add your estimates 1-3 together to obtain a total estimate. My total estimated travel is per year.” + This caleuaton is very simple estimate of one aspect of the carbon footprint. For a mere complete calculation, Dlesse look for @ carbon footprint calculator online. ¢ (Bf work in groups. compare the estimates you made in Exercise B. Who has a large carbon footprint? Who has Biercifesrtenttoctariit? How many kilometers di you travel by car/tat/bus/tain/plane last year? estimate about | probably did about. A: | think | have a small carbon footprint. | only do about 3,200 car Kilometers per year! What about you? B: J also think mine is pretty small | only drove about. kilometers last year D Gl everyone can do something to reduce their carbon footprint. Match the topics to the things you could easily do. Then tell @ partner which you could do. 1 Vacations a) Use buses and subways, 2 Food b) Don’t go by plane. 3 Getting around —_¢) Sharea ride 4 Electricity 4) Always turn off lights 5 Driving ©) Buy things that don’t arrive : in your country by plane. I could use buses and subways more. : ad ink about other things that )) you estimate or guess. Why is fjLanguage Adak) ely 4 Complete this conversation with words from the box. (10 points) (tate surtantotan gudebook checkin ties tour sack athersicnse apariment mage) Lisa: Hi, Sara! I wanted to tell you that I booked our vacation to Puerto Rico last night. 1) _____anonline reservation. : Really? That's great. Where are we staying? : Well, Lrented a two-bedroom (2) ________ in downtown San Juan. : OK. So guess we can (3) _____a bus from the airport. Yes, no problem. You should bring your (#) __ because then we can rent a car. OK, What else do I need to do? Well first you need to (5) ________ your luggage! I know! And I need my passport, too, and my (6) ____—Puerto Rico is really sunny! Can you bring your (7) ___of San Juan? Then we won't get lost: Good idea. It's useful for finding restaurants, too. What time is our flight? : 6am. So we need to (8) ___at the airport at about 4 a.m. I know it’s eatly, but it was the cheapest flight. Oh, and 1 also booked a (9) of the city, ‘That sounds great, So how much were the plane (10) —__ 2 i; They were $300 each. Ican give you yours on Monday. Great! See you in class. essentials and travel plans. ‘1 and 5 on pages 28 and 30. Circle the correct answer to complete these conversations. (10 points) 11 A: Whose passport is (1) this / these? B: It’s 2) mine / his. Look, here’s my picture. 2 A:Could you (3) to tell / tell me where the airport i, please? es, (8) may / can. It’s on Highway 23. 3 A: Whose black sunglasses are (6) those / that? ‘think they're Sally's. Yes, they're definitely (6) hers / ours. She bought them last week. 4 A:(7) Can / Dol see your guidebook, please? B: Of course you (8) do / ean 5 A: Whose suntan lotion is (9) this / these? Be think i’s (10) yours / theirs. They left it on the beach. pronouns and modals of permission and request. ns 2 and 8 on pages 28 and 32. ‘SCORA Look at these pictures and match them to the people's comments. “feel angry when bad things happen to me.” Money can definitely buy you happiness When things go wrongyI try to be positive.” 4 “Winning is the most important thing.” B [MMB Teil your classmates which of the opinions in Exercise A you share.Vocabulary: good and bad experiences A Look at the pictures and complete these phrases with verbs from the box. find miss win lose see | nave win fail |g your wallet ‘A: Once | found some money on the street. B: Really? How much? ‘| missed my plane. X | ost my plane. mar: present perfect—ever/never Af) Language in context Listen to the conversation below. Is Richard a lucky person? Lola: Hey, Richard, guess what? I won the lottery! Richard: Are you serious? How much did you win? Lola: Almost $2,000. I can’t believe it! Richard: Lucky you! Have you ever won before? Lola: Yes, Ihave. Actually, I've won several times, What about you? Richard: Oh, 've never won anything! B Notice Look at the phrases in bold in Exercise A again. Then read these rules for the present perfect and circle the correct answer. 1 We use the present perfect o say that an action happened at some time before now. 2 The exact time the action happened is not known or isnot important 3 We form the present perfect with the verb have /be and the past participleAffirmative Negative | Short answers /You have (ve) won the __‘/You have not (haven't) | Have /you (ever) won| lottery many times. won the lottery. the lottery? | | Yes, | have. No, I haven't. He/She has (s) won the He/She has not (hasn't) _ Has he/she (ever) won | Yes, she/he has. lottery many times. won the lottery. the lottery? No, she/he hasn't, We/You/They have ('ve) | We/You/They have not_| Have we/you/they (ever)| Yes, we/they have. won the lottery many times. (haven't) won the lottery. | won the lottery? No, we/they haven't. Rogular past participles: Irregular past participles: watch—watched be—been give-given He's/She's a student. ~ He is/She is stop—stopped e-gone take-taken eae a He's/She's won the lottery. = He has/She Nas find—found ,= © Practice Complete these questions with you and the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Then answer them. Fire fe 100 Yes, have. / No, l've never found a $100 bill 7 haven't won the lottery. ———— ___ (ever ent) Chinese food? -¥ tive never won the lottery. XX 1 havent never won the latery SS exons CT ‘+ Ihave been to Canada, (ever vis 2 XI have be to Canada. (ever see) an elephant? (ever wontch) Ugly Betty? p GJ Now you do it Work in pairs. Ask questions about these things. If appropriate, ask a follow-up question using the simple past. + have an accident + lose your wallet + win a competition * find some money + miss a plane ‘A: Have you ever had an accident? B: Yes, | have. ‘As When aid it happen? B: Last summer. I was driving t0Language use: reading an article ‘A Which country do fortune cookies probably come from? Read this article to find out. a)the US. —_b) China Japan == Fortune Cookies — Have you ever stn a onthe Cog er eaten one in a Chinese restaurant? Read on to find a ) ‘out more about them ... ae y that you often have after Chinese food. Inside the VY cookie is a small piece of paper which usually has your lucky numbers and your fortune on it. Like - many people, you might think they come from China, but in fact many Chinese people have never heard of fortune cookies. The habit probably started in a Japanese restaurant in San Francisco in the USS. in the early 1900s and quickly became very popular. ‘When you get the cookies after you have finished your food, the tradition is to close your eyes and take one. Then you break the cookie and eat it all before you read your fortune. Reading your fortune before you have eaten the cookie is considered to be very unlucky! B BB Work in pairs. ask and answer these questions about fortune cookies. 1 Have you ever had Chinese food? 2 Have you ever eaten a fortune cookie? Did you like it? 3 Did you read your fortune before or after eating the cookie? 4 Why do you think the predictions inside fortune cookies sometimes come true? Listening: identifying speakers’ opinions |} )»20 A Look at these phrases which we use to give our opinions. Write them in the correct column in the table hi eS ao Pe Bo ao ee Introduce your opinion | agree with someone | disagree with someone + Noway! * Yes, that’s true. * Personally, 1 + Inmy opinion * Tknow, B BID Listen to two friends talking about someone they know. Circle the correct words to complete their opinions 1 Amy is /is surprised that Katrina had an accident 2 Amy thinks Katrina is a good /bad driver. 3 Diana thinks Katrina is a good / ad driver 4 Diana thinks Katrina i isn’t organized. 5 In Diana’s opinion, Katrina i lucky / unlucky.Pronunciation: initial /sp/, /st/, and /sk/ A 22) Listen and repeat. Notice the pronunciation of the beginning of the words. WA Ed EF Spanish start ski ‘special stop | skirt speak stomach school B BBD work in pairs. Practice saying these sentences. Listen and check. 1 Swimming and skiing are popular sports 2 Snakes are scary. 3 Can you show me where the small store is? Vocabulary: feelings A Match the sentences to the pictures. 1 Live never felt so scared before! It was horrible! 2 Ljust hit my professor's car. I'm so embarrassed. 3 I'm confused. Can you say that again, please? 4 [ feel really proud of myself. I passed my driving test! 5 I'venever met my girlfriend's mom before. [feel a little uncomfortable. 6 Have you ever been to dance classes before? They make you really exhausted! B work in pairs. Ask and answer about these experiences. Say how you felt. + hear strange noises outside your house at night * dance all night + get 100% on a test + be in another country and not speak the language + go toa party and not know anyone ‘= forget someone's name A: Have you ever heard strange noises outside your house at night? B: Yes, once. A: How did you feel? 2: Pretty scared,lar: present perfect—How long/for/since AGP! Language im context Listen to this interview with someone who is living ‘on a desert island for a reality show. Is he enjoying his experience? Interviewer: So Daryl, how long have you been on the island? Daryl: For about six months now. Interviewer: And how's it going? Daryl: Well, at first I was scared because of the snakes, but I’ve started to like it now. And how about your family? Are they glad that you're on TV? i: Well, actually, my wife is a little uncomfortable with it Really? How long have you been married? I: Since 2005. She was angry when I decided to go on the show. We haven't spoken since July. It's difficult Interviewer: I can imagine. Well, good luck with the rest of your stay. Daryl: Thanks! B Notice Look at the interview in Exercise A again and complete these rules. 11 We use present perfect + _____ +a period of time (e.g. year, « month, fen minutes): eg, I've lived here —__ six mont 2 We use present perfect + —_______ + a specific date, year, month, day, or time: eg. I've been married 2006. © Practice Complete these questions and answers with the present perfect form of the verb in parentheses and for or since. How long — Daryl six months. How long ——_________ Ella : How long —__ you ______ (ow) Mike? last year How long —_______ they ___ (study) at this college? two years : How long Derek (be) a Brofighter? May. How long you ______-__ (have) your car? three years. [EJ Now you cio i interview two classmates about their experiences, Use these prompts to make questions with How long and the present perfect. + study English + bea student at this school/university _* be here today ‘+ livein this city * know your best friend + know your tea ‘A: How long have you studied English? B: For about five years now.