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A Transatlantic Restoration of Religion: (On the Re-construction of Yoruba and Lakami in Cuban Santeria CLAUDIA RAUHUT orate nip sure of sc cal ah li sng in "be Ata Welt Decent se tae alone As eid as Yerba ane woh Ares. eps oth Carb, he USA, anda Thing uta pot bas bo sw abel esto vray feo AltA rips Ue Chen Sa, Hain Vodsa or Basin Canon nat, aga, teal nd epi enue, od, Soom Bus Yon, prt rer ais hetiags, int ju «istry ensue cement of ltt Ameen sci ht abo Safered erase peopl, prc, Toston nya cutis fhe Adan Wor y mn of aces of migson aed gublsion, The ongig consrion and ‘eoopin of Yorba eat bytply ene sof ast weet ile by te paces ad mel apie ee ele he ‘Ameri, Bop and Alc, Ba en 2 ceils fp Cal resent sce teeny 208) ower. The sumone of clase Iernse on Aisne eel Yori, clus aad i ann. ‘non inte Animas bee senbale(Heai 94) ae entice on (Maree 1976) hs ben eveted sce te 1908 y poundening Ala aproachs, Aus Uke Jot Pel ( 198), ‘Ste Plot (200,209) Lora iy (199 190) ve ses the eusttonaleno-gess and comin of Yan 3 4 "Serial and ongoing prose of an “Ato A eal (aay 199%) Fouiae on be lngters imewesing of comectees ance bile aco, PIES, sod Ite ceeubtng tren Earp, West Afb, nd the Americ expec sne the ced hl of 1 cen. ‘hey a tave comico sowa Bat Yorba rons we he ea of sce aed eninaus work o the ust, a nor, lene by Soca, cll power comme, eat an elo spr {Sect cates ad tegen and he Alii A hey nenaon is ha ettaipn wits Yorba ny aie by ceo gency opie “rome” an conser emetes Yorba at eal of og skied the Yor or moon of te Afo-Amatom gon. Ta Cite, ioe an of fe 0 ret news Sr Yor nce (sb Caco) athe Amer ietieton Via reign as ben anata onsite eatin he ceegeoy of et (oe pop of Lc a he end of 20a ey Bron 1997 [193]; Brown 2003 Fal 191) Tai atc, amin coctenpory proce fein wh Yer sed Lacie 9 Can Sie. By oss ot the were thease, 1 an fo const bow hey Tense the eons ‘wlongig of he Nitrest snd tempor reece ey em vpn. AS oh ctl, | ght « patel eosenpoary et of ‘anata sia enoveon headed by a rl lr in Cab and fn naa: how te earn Vert nd Lara Ce are pre ‘wined The bectp of is sa the olegwegous baton of Sasi tous mignon whch hs gone ani wih he ra cl eepaon and poplar of Ao Cabral neh 9902 In my PAD thes | and the incase of nine savor, whereby caf sarcendog regis tndion sed ren ‘iceoces bre Cth and Ale hve brn inp! arog “Sowing power i ke groing felt cf Yor alin sn pictse (Glatt 2012) Whe eter cntibon in ths vole ea ge ta f the eer gal sped of Yrbebased relipous ie USA, i Ameren Germany, myc del wih he pac of pons nbtnton a at elfen he ire enter meng of {eds of Yorn and Licu sd bow te we ose by Cabo lias leader within gal serum of AeA elipens. ‘20%, ej vel ren ommy Se weno ‘Sia a enon nour ‘The Emorgonce of Santeria Cuba Samael ea Wer Aten ty Yorba ins, wih wee Tove 6 Cate by crslived Affe apie fn te ngs of he on outer Niger abd Sot of Be Cre tale sve rade Sul con by ho of Yon nity hve Been Isle as Lacon (algz Negba Bai, oth rs wre cig Iya Wy calong alveoli to cates spend eine go te ds he “ae” of ie eve Afeats i e cic La 1997: 208), Cun ier Lipe Vale ae shows how acu eee 2 genre comet 15h ary Cab wich ot oly i Yorba {aking pole Reve adopt sn cer ec gros He Barb, Igbo, Ata, Hams (Lipa 1981990) 399) Pali an Zasle ‘ident Laren ar nde of cls rd cme tego canccing tte sci of tepusielyand atalysnsar group — 3 et ‘taney ok put wine wba loi itt aed Car 1d Nani Pai 191-76; Zak 200118, ‘Acme torn “eoming Lint” a gt 16 jon People thu cee en aioe belonging to Lou by ite tee nt ane offen gins pope of Lend (oe 197) “oe it such pups ely ane Wy eoed ar wl fined Bak ne Lace Coir, posh nh stale 9 cent. tthe tr entry, ar oie bln fey i 16 ania eign cle Reps de Ocoee Or, tte Yorbe gois) erp ough the ageny af seve chronic ‘slg ede fh nem Cate ad Sorte (Bow 2003) Reg eet coating the devetin to ciet Oras Cab Jae gs of Yor pe was pop known a Sse em he 188s a pct by le Sonere meme Sara The wher ‘euch ela fo, ec he Mepeston a te eel oF By cchmiely mle Boao, wh were ceed tthe highs a ery tia egos Sy. Td, he are asx fnepend- fe ausnonas, ang dnc rigs fi, whe abe re te by sual Kip ad al wl s,s, md pr. A fpstsiemors fpadnrea te Sete, Sane and Baha sith peal pct and weg to gic ae oy) ative hem 5 os md hes fhe Os. The ls ‘ip win oli iy can hc be hrc in ern a ‘sip nd etek: Whle wontipr ent dav dee os sf woo he Ocha ning ssi ge ad pt pore sin the Orage, potest a Brash ce ta paver and ‘hid tien fom bam aed misfortune i the pate md pfs les Pere Pao 200; ented 1995). "Wl Sater he othr Afo-Caha gan a rated fom ny ors Ao vores” or mie, becker nd rl tal toy he mt poplar ligne Cu and has Dee pom fa abl afte Ca aco ety” At pes, merous pst fans peferta (ste em Lara Yor nado Santer, toler othe region. Tew sie emiaogy ae ft of oar ‘enka fo reAfanze Afo-Amencn talon whi csely lned wo a ning lal onesies a migaton of hel sos ito 208 lobal Networks of Re-Atcanization ReAtzaszatonsfes 0 the wider appopiton of “Aticwmsyi” thle oecaper inte Arresting lo en ‘ei nd lepine, Tose deci have Ben most ronunet ane wr ao fn exemplified by Ona yodeo prac ee USA, wich Ie tml anemia 8 a sekctve Sets of ene fom Gabor Seni Haan Vodou, and US-Ameran spe of Ngan Vora ‘gion Graden 1997 (9553 Pam 1935. Te fellowes of sw ‘Sez act ty of whom ne aie wid he mover of ‘Bc ate t he US, fae ben np bye eth of Cita Sar he US sane he 140 ars fie Cue ‘gato nave. In Seer’ Seony Alcan Yorn pte ty ave ound como Inks spp ha pli and eal een ‘Mica an cancer wit ey afinton Sie osintion te 197 eli pede of he Yorbe movant rd Oyo village ‘a Nor Casto ar pomienly ten anya w Yoni revisit (Brandon 1997 [193]. Yerba revesonsa Bromn 2008) or Yorte revalicn (Cake 200, 207). Ths en at cece sce ‘Mims elon ke Stra wer revel suchas ‘aeirapposed Csi Hsp ates wet sane 0 esa ‘ed by nnn pr” ed re ate” Af aon In ha ag wt ty, te “orbs of te New Wo” (Capone 205) Tynes rit nt apie 00 Pee Pea 207), 3 SesNeemiteee Oru remap e rpc te lowes rn US, atl o Wet Ain oer tole sow aed ingot cunet Aico Yorb Stas nde alone ‘ie pte mets fs Niger. Taam fa err on ty of "eue Alcan rece” hn beat 2 sue of cant ih ter peestones, mot Lait Aeros ine US who deed te coven: ‘al Cot Sea ale ane 198). While the ats foe US ‘Ameren Yona ovement one seoeey infeed ober Alo ‘Ameen gost teow “eA” roves, ih wel Secuenadi e ce of Bain Caan (Capon 1998) the (ita eon in Td md Tobgo (eu 208), ese A can Yona rigs hn sce Seca «te See eon agen of utes el ers and pugs Urea! he Amero, Oot et ee of many exiting ints, ao ad “rere of Yerba Oa laren ermal y trate acting poplin (lark 2007: 725, he “cnet of cteien” sy 2001: 198) emo Pol enpinsas he imp of Masa Yorba pactnes nd eh. te Wane atin wh ave en ngage thn he (We. ‘Aean) Yorbe Ise at eligcn see 19708 Br se Corse el ao in Cuts sd ae hy cot 4 “i ‘otk of Yor gltlaion” (Pe 200), Re-AFscanizaon ae Fier ten rac in evo led “acm lg apa tem Fagen wes wo ero coun ie Arent, Veen, Me Unga, nbre Chan Snr, Ha Votoy, San Cardo Us-Amescan Oras vdeo five tke de 0 apps 40 yes of cen iro eign nlenson rei 208) _Aporoaching Yoruhizcién in Cuba 1m Cb he ie af Aaa at Den cone St Yr ct, # dey tat Caen lar Liz Mende obcvei he {sots a a eto coups of deco Ctl Vorb Ga Accoring Menede, ee Cin Babe nv 3 senge rial and eps oneiton on Niger Yorba paces ‘nln muhonten fbr eile dete ened "The Suma Tae cia ere Woe Cit a fd vem per a egy eh soe ‘nas Coals cass acc Suites Gd Super loa te 3 ane an knw.” thse Cb alee ripley csenes "om th ease” who “aire (Be) eablibed Cabo ‘Seer of be naj’ (ender 19950) Fes vew tt Yorn rete 9 cee vei ty Cab ad provoke a ety ese (Gi 2) has bee shared by oe Sos. Acide belle that ‘et of Yonsei Ses woul le is copion ard manny ‘inh bl pen af Yorba rie Niger he Ann Sips, where" atomp ta em nbs edo eae tg [ch a eta wos py mn rman of ing ext acin”(Ayorie 2004 184). "To my md ich seo ae misadng soir ay veo ‘te penpeives af ter paces theses Sou! mt the seth for Aan 20, aden of ay horse recon of cue” eo, be cocied 0 “ing cll pracie" AS my herniny wil ow the lowing necemy acne or fist het prctbener ae ned proc “Atiean tnd {tnd "Asn tal pcr” win the teat needs i ey rome and chou eit way lean enya hve © ‘ae it cour When Mendes ser tht Ain dso ey Imps wa source of erfewon apa for eng he pt eri of ‘Seer ao tat Lace ot el Co eer aterm os t=” (ender 202), se scaly ins 4 evan velit of ‘eau. ‘This ail poston weping my afimaton of Aa may have conge nthe st yas. Reen pletion et eee mere Servee sein insiuons, ctr, and stain invoed ithe [Atcniztn o Yor of fers pr, Satan Pala bat fered ieresing eight to ey 200 cerry “Asa ear {Poo mom” when Lan Ind mob aence i el {0 polis noe to gain more uc respon fo Aca ae ‘gon (Plt 2002259) Argan Capee swell = Kone ve {Been on cet tein io Coe, king tex of ie ‘Tantn ani leler rk (Caden) Oba (Agro ent Capone HOM, Kons 2013). Aton fhe fit Cater Baba > ean {go te with Nigar Yona pacitonms (acuing the stow Drenoned Wane as tris To Abit) pain Me {Bye aemp 6 cond ceemis ina "Azan af" of Yo lig, Ive so ced ery ese hat erpl en ree 1 rk ‘Open snd tr Bans fhe so-caled Lines Aas a8 ely ‘nace Vir Betaerut Omi, who wat refered 9 mea on of the os pronnentrpscaves cnpnyed i he reAiitn of Sener, Claiming Cite of Cuban Santer, ‘ioor Beancoun founded hs own relous owe, Case Temple Tron abih means "he sat iin "Yor ran in the 19% In ts partic uceuaing, be "fomad” sled (oe dsebed inte ae ese nee dae Bence een {Sou ops bth inde nd ate of Coa st et pions ie epton euion ‘Aaly th ite 198s, Benson eb an afm eh! of ‘whe Clan Bobo reel cae shin pate Buses and changed syringe ‘rr gore snd ete Ie von and Kary ine Yared {aeunt aging (ieriew ih Bears, Hienlouey 207) ang at tne, when the majority of Cae sil dl oot hve ay cpporsnies fo bleh Tees 'o pele mi Cube, Beamer Sedy ic sore vnatonal cei pos in Meson md [USA wo aged hi to aes Wee sous om Be Yorba aon fm Nig He Steere eye ahiphetno the snd ede Comin Organs de aL dl ae ois bowled. speci fh ‘econ Banos, Sener pest is xpi hie ss and dn dew enoig semen 2 eft a contd sped of eine in Cabs ated haze a {pls rugs ned” (nance with Baanoun Hav 207), The sous on esine Shes eigen gue common sng Catan roe pai he ables fsa a ‘he ices prbopton of reigns” However, ft Bases he ‘ccs Yossi em eit ps ‘eel Staci sort Laws ae Ee © ame nce fc eat 1) foot ‘tie pate ce td he ny of nn eg embe [SSuwucolso pie tay ein rt ac a ‘Sinema! p= pl or oe etl crs of Cub nde aad tein wih nse flv, wich ‘ced adel pe vith he “aia” Yoube eae. Mary sas, eon him, et es rach Cab or pl oe eloped er ‘he dean colonial cate oi, ering in haps ov: ‘eye Fate, ess ser als ve bee aes “atc doe fle” oth orl nd it have peed ay vena ofkaoedee "Ar # teal, Cuban prctze rene ical nd defen Beano advocate eos xan whe lowes of Youn ing Niger and ote paces wound he Ate. He ele ‘he "oar brotha” (tne of rei aed geclgil Kiship) and sophuize new psi fo Cabs o eas order eons. {nde flowing itera ad gba changin md sod Ciba ner 19 ti ern ute ew pa or bay al ecbange nd ‘mowed tne win sey eusnaonal eros of Yerba prone. To overone the prodsined i, Beier aks a ‘pel fer sertonelgo ung ar oj of nove Sone Thee ssovaion ae, ce th ne nbs oa ein of slr Cube pravis: On the rbd he a inode, wth oe Sopp of hie cnc endef Cat, ome al elements pret Nigra pace wich Wee peeves wisn Ca “The Renewal of th Laka! Ralilon Deasscu, nee, rims i om model ioe tla beng ‘Alcan ped, it ch be a esto oft origi” Cabo preieenhch vent a paral te Regn of 20 erty ba can ‘erent peel ee al tise Cat pce kn {hl cote ensue fon whisk eh lof te “ei” esiage of te eed Yr (Lacan) pple tan wht er became ‘own as Sarr,“ by wae change dt cae ‘arch iar, for which he Sache. He wet te Tiki ince of he very al Can for Lara nao se hr religious felt th eoret You fr” He sen ‘cs poplar AfoCaoliseescogy ke Sai, Sat, Sen ‘cst alls his asi ule "lawer of Li ‘ge es ony compre serum of Yorke possi, Cans Sage dc as ure Bees ag th is ely pte be we day, be aoe thr a al soe "oednalelonert” corel yer fails eal nan aun he eon o Nn In oe“, ‘hen plight” Beans an ha lowes hve be anc het ce Seles iow proviso Cate se the ne 98, ‘Star the work of spoings he a et ens nso be | eft ropolo hy clit an cod pe soe such ‘uals [tenes prt venom dg xem 8 ‘ely emia! tres wih cer wane He par bi O60 ‘cue ssc tne” and sear regu pene de ‘Suet none eda a npn peed Bb. Decoding Io Beaneour. she Biden suc of cal Baty and ‘sowlegehave simply ben oreoked fr ong te eouse of be dimers” and "gprs af he sory of attr an ba so bat esd by esccbes ater wih Beuscou, Ho aoe 207) He aed eal ses rtgze one Gol source an Sth, pubiied ts conbasion Wh at Sees of Yor containing ysl asd eosmsnga Sin 7 it es the cory iene wa he evn fe foe ton ee Pats Cabana 19 (et ed end sho Inonn ar Pie Caleco), nich cts fon the ding (abe ions” Oi Stabs tae sho spied Pass» Cates snd nly fra a Aan sy ine, a oe ose spe among the Yori in Wet Aa nee wih Liao Phe ean 2007) Agia Betoun rn to Pata 9 Casa ty Caban se at Asan oe) prac expec n Visca ‘etree 1860s 1939, ee croton nd eto of ano ‘rcs mone inatin ceenuay Beane the predate wie (cata! Whe stan Reve explains te fee soto of Fos» (eee oe een dG lege er Sen enn Ss ls est ee me 1 Vie Ben C Tenge au, endo Lie ea, eGiny ee el ume ored ye Hay soo sono Cab rw pi {Grows 208 Rams 305) The inkan af fhd at fs” ao wee {howe ed pel te Yor fea ke USA, ae ober a 8 pragratc repent economies of te “spi evo in the 1980, wich ced ppl rece er inion eos (oor Onn lone ese mash et han Secs Osc, of. erode ‘Robin 2003 Ayowinde 20617) lipo ction lei a8 ‘per and more asians, ‘ower he ceremony of Py Cabos meow wong Cat tao Sirs lower, whe most comtiue t aap th svete Sl Bot abinsly te moe race oro he bet th ist {akon of nomen ino Rei defame, mote by Beco 1208 Prev nov nC, eink eemony or women Ba eel dep tal rious confit deling wth compsing ‘seks of tain. Tis cnt neil og f Ht be Hea (ring supper power, lepeiann, and leadesip among the ‘ening etious intone in Cbs “Transalantle Restoration on oth Sees ofthe Atlante ‘Thee iancuton cul ohare bee secopsed wis spp frm lined pastime nag n Niger wd ote poe, who ned encour wa sous, itl, fines and logs. Howser, Bewasou ever dees hac ax Aca, bat ech ew 9 fom Cab pace of Likims at he hs eve bated on te tore sevcrbd fll rath He agit hat to neceuary sec in Ain fr what xt once ented a at af Cad pte He ug a he omer an a be ely Decue thee me ‘il some sclaed Yoni seen th ve Sen mate 2 eit fame nae cates even ter tae Ngee ts mse sy he cn sce te es rnp i mat ml np el qua Sens {hee amine Pt at eer es Op 6 Tepe te Teme ia. Hs oe Serie Fneme les Tove ls reg ngs wan You pa om Ni (Bowe sa Emme Gee GN a oily shuns he gel Ga ‘tof neal we tne Sean ne vom (Sfmt avin rg ara Asoo ceo he ‘Sean smn rae go esp te re en ee a dng cal yr cn Ae ren Be nmin re 247° meow weds the presumed sey, pens. ad even sero of song Cag lion, He pes ear et thet Wout the “eign” Afiean Yorba pce (he form at rched Cat] concur 9 comempray Yorn tear i gH er agus ate pees of Chany ed an ‘nNiger soe te 1G cay ado was ave eat te Yorba mlgon and cused the dappearne of Onchan, EY, and sls Ar srl he Niger fon ody fis dees a lncomple:be frst peer Ciba ion a lo beg 0 ‘Suga scl searing Cab ab AD fe ial lene a {neste he especie mig prin oh ign se erm cop ABO. Ap tn ba ‘aor Bepon ao i em, io ee ua bate stn Luror tee ‘jrogdcons pn mm gan cons pt at Ene ay ue (.) Pra vr og a pr ge (os tyres flew Bay BOT" “Tide of eae see and ute Yona igi at avery ped ‘ete pervs nog trp well Mont wert weal eps Cun Ses pce stay ad wasn el woul ‘st eg eblied Catan don by odiing se element 1 Thang mur aya ate nay ce ome Seca mn al om [feb Yor me pone Semen ewe) vy Serer anes mn pa a Aoea aeig i awit wen Thera) pega se ‘ee ate sd ou of ne gesgusan we won ore Win'ieyine auger he nye ep rey, ‘stony tae rae Tana eae we 9 oe ‘ett below hee rea ey fe Ng oo a at ‘tye as hee Beran ih os, wea At ‘row he mony ea) from ome of Coban with Lo Ces; Haan! Pebesry 207) sean, Busou hp th pss and, ned, nee: iy freerng te elim’ ped and nly perl oc Yrs tnd i he “hr” (Cab) a te ore” (Migs) ms lace gin Wi, be ee, ule tong and mae ec Te eat his stine repos ware by casing eon poss, of sual excage GenenPacsones dpe eet Jens ond he Ais nol oping species, nylon, iy td rl nd write suse Hes cond he ta on Ngee {be npc and incomplete at ove Cake ~ whch why he ‘unl ep of ti epee ees depen on ad do complete! ch tern tal poset of sor, on bth sides of he Aen: {rv with Betancourt: Haven ana 2007) Terese ts ‘nen bearded in Cab, el sa Ngee. Ths son ea |p seme nove cape oor weld pacts of ‘Nevin ocr Yorba rpc nthe US, Bro Te: “and Toke whic en refer ces ed boss Asn ‘eidreizal ad eral ny (tepid et prominent {Sie of Opt mvenet in US Pa 1985, Capone 208) ‘Boca chet and nt beet so Ine of n- ty inporing Aan sta wth he up of Yorke practioner in ‘Avon he considers mel ani len 0 De Catan expr Who se Ctemicer able © ear stl Knowledge toe word Beha ths [Minin since te slecoscons ation of Cada ntine of tego sare y «ge nuke of Cabin pratsone especialy oe ‘tho deen! monary of Sata (ater wih Eso Olds vane 207) Of couse, moet ef hm eu pect grin iors nthe Asean rin Cabin Sater tut ny seh ‘hey repent ere fe wlio, nts leas pol eee fore pe. By con, Beancout exmsnes cotergorry Ae ste lepine ous, wich bem oft eon ‘Slows timo ative mae compete vesn lpn, Boe tat evisne very Cob tn of aon, ‘on the Current Lokimizsen in Cu Wile te cnt sive rte fr Visor Busou ove del ‘tren lige il maine he “org” Lik prc sO a he har only Ben ee ore-

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