Part I Av: beginning of pat numberof specific objectives were listed to help us achieve the goal of defining the mechanical bases of movement. Completing part 1 should have enabled you to do the following: + Understand the definitions of and relations (nuineric and graphic) among position, velocity, and acceleration, which comprise the kinematic variables used to describe movement Know how to read a graph carefully and how to interpret the relation between the two or more variables shown om the graph, Appreciate the relations between linear and angular miotion Realize that many of the details of projectile ‘motion can be determined from the defini- tions of position, velocity, and acceleration Consider force as a concept used to describe an interaction between two objects, and understand that the magnitude of the interac- ‘on can be determined using Newton’s laws, particularly the law of acceleration Use a free body diagram to define the condi- tions of an analysis and use of free body and mass acceleration diagrams as graphic ver- sions of Newton's law of acceleration Conceive of torque as the rotary effect of a force for which torque is defined as the product of force and moment arm Identify the ways in which the human body interacts with its surroundings to influence ‘movement, — Summary _ + Recognize that force acting over time (impulse) causes a change in the momentum (quantity of motion) of a system + Acknowledge that the performance of work (force x distance) requires the expenditure of energy and that he work can be done either by the system (positive) or on the system (negative) Perceive of power as a measure of the rate of doing work or the rate of using energy Comprchend the concept of musculoskeletal forces that occur within the body as body segments rotate about one another Perform static and dynamic analyses to estimate the magnitude and direction of musculoskeletal forces Distinguish the kinematic and kinetic deserip- tions of running, throwing, and kicking Differentiate the biomechanical character tics of walking and running Note the mechanical energy fluctuations and the energy cost of human locomotion Appreciate the role of biomechanics in the clinical evaluation of gait Grasp the significance of variations in the ground reaction force in determining the details of a movement, such as the height, distance, and rotations that occur during a jump Be able to distinguish between throws and kicks Understand that the sequencing of muscle activity is critical in throws and kicks 169