Dated: Probkms aller partition 1 hics) Problem BY Political Problems. 32) E i Y oe ~~ conomi Preeleons ~y 474) Conel_ water dispute. ~s- HS) Vivision sf Finantiadessels 5 1) Geo + 2.) Politica) + 3.) Economic . 4) Cone) water Mie dispare + 5) Division of meni a) ~>- 476) Divisione milinaycasets J a) Division ob nilipay —H1) Soria! problem 1D Sociel 9) He) Refugee Crisis #) refugee 9 #4) Necesion Ab Princely states - } Princely > ; me { Qoefine 9 gand ume ) Bexplin questi Bsucey 4 Ofailure 1) Geographics) Problems Taerpedes Ehostilebeesitony] Define eost Pakis han. + Pakis ten wos split jn two parts thee carbres ware gute diferent aa wast Pakishen — Yyeg. Sindhi + Punjabi cal fwes mized and formed sirsikei Foe I SepenFed Byindla t sh with sindhi / bolochi cul tes and G. different lang wage + Cathoe Out Joo Scanned with CamScanner> Dated: Y Explanction A ee + Beeame hed focdminister two seperate units i ee + Grograpics\ distonse crested logistical problems b/w Eextond West Ps ie + Language a {Dia not mix cultures orlanguage hecarse Hastuash} + Out look. + Lpabet trove) bvstetivo. } A ae { : a There werent any because Pak wes ret able to solve te problems ap East Pak Istey beecmnt indy adie) - in 197) due bo He differences. — -— Foiluves :- — ~ sThe Grout. foiled bo solveprcblems ond 39 bengal won made independent ~ Scanned with CamScannerDated: Politics) Problems AE Pakisten lacked sexperiemce inruming a govt + shilled officials to run ayovt Lyb.coz AAMT ML had ho prior experience ofr dalined in british gout andonly Hindus were given chemtes- oco6 A vatinge, Crott_bU+pespiton- + Musiims werecalwvays $i Hed officials while india Wad experience ead oftiivs] [Paristan had no experience or ski belts djgdgdddd TD eri Major chillenges coker Poetition ~D_ © Forming 4 government —> ML [had nol prior experience of forming or running ene. ven 7 ov] en ev Indi consress —2- J _@ Vindus (HAD) prior experience Goh opper beni Hes _ Ly ond muslims didn't Inowpropy proceduse Pe «Muslims had a very low literacy rate. Baluhishan > ay enya is Panjab i | a singh | md minexperienced NwEP Theyave now Sermedinhe T = iWiterate Developed citios Sue —o ~mostly Formers = Hyduresbad —9 = unskilled = Frais ba bed 9 BPR RB Scanned with CamScannerer Dated: @D Vid. not heve ony buildings to set any Hriny 4p :Delhi_+Bombay + Madras *Cr0q — entat Caleaths The most developed execs & Britishindia where bri beh adminishra}ion us strong tna em Given to indig.$o Indians got pre built offices and buildings etc pomepe Pts a Ond just had tochang Flay monuments - On He offer hand Patisten had to start Srom squeve 4 Govt. officers had to works on roads and footpaths Sor “1.5 months +The buildings we did have had no furnitue or office shationeny +Files LeHevhe sclss bamps7” @ After decth of Jinnah, there wes no experituced Veeder : [lock of leadership ] bile Sele eo ee Explanction 1) No adminis}rative machinery or govt offices 2) PRK heel no qovr bildlings no offices and did) even have ASice frni we /sh tionary 3) Avo er_ major problem was choosing a, capita) to form agorenment and eshablishe seve kuin -¥) Problem worsened after te deste} Tinnah jn 1448 . Thore was shatage of proper byte ual fad and experienced personel personne] which mede He task drumning govt dupuatments seattle AiFFicnLt- Pakistan also lacked leadership of her his desth + Lo Sinneh « Srmesses- Successes + Kororh was chosenas th capialof Pakishn + Quaid-e-azam fook the office of te governor cqeneval + Lisgach ali Khen_yses appointed cx Prime minister + Accbinbt of experienced persons war selected sArtongements weve tobe mack for to bring i officids who had opted fomdehi. for Pakis en Sy Ihi_to Kawa: ee pb => i call a were rains when jnyn/syehin 50 Ui olffetals —7 Pro}tchede +A conshituent assembly wos formed in order to Frame i ————® + Givi) geavives were recognized and civil @ sevice yules wore dvatled. Public yolusbeering bobech senvice fo govt. PPIPlol soa ane ad, Scanned with CamScannerae mg The lesdueship crises was not fulfilled gad Yhals why PAK faced Wequent change of Gove. inte ~y—_¥h following yeors- IL 5h 2d int _died then PAC woutd be much move devel + We would eso hove recieved & ade Sn ae a) = podsiiey Flow Fromwet beees} Psy'sh TD Dur to Redcliffe guard —sindia got firozpur > controls {lowe} rivers raviene sully > Ly Bari dloab cans) hesdworkk ~3 = 3 Indiq stopped Hewater ond ated Pakisjon topoy if they wanted Ihe water ~~ : - lehore compe)ete ‘on River Rowi so thove would be an exlreme Shortage sfueter = Pakistan isan agricultural country —> agro- based economy Lrectened jovectorrd Lif eter Clow is stopped weuont beable bogrowte Pak economy will be? Lyin lend blu sublejond ravi Definition 2 One dt Hemost Serious problems sincige india _now conivolled uxter flow into Pak 0 Os per reddiffe award -? Fivozpur was givenoindia. Ceven though ithedmusti'mna; arity) Dn Heedwork for bari doub cans} —> wasin Fivox pur Lis Controlled water flow ef ravi and setye sut le; (Cost fo west Slowing rivesin punjab) dddeeay Scanned with CamScannerDated: Explanetion April-iaug — india stoppech water LoDemanded Pakistento pay Sorit Weyer supply for lahore was stopped => Threatened morethan 1.65 million coeres dS hawitd fre Pekis fen's agro based economy woselsotveatened eee ee ee This br: le_bwo countries to ahead -leve) o» PAK had to depend on indic for weler supply. : = Successes and) failures Suctesseas, P9999 9 @ © @ +O temporary agreementuics Yeached ih 1452 + Presidunr ot world bank iniag2 —> OSfevedto provide Financia) cad bechnice Ly Eugene black Sa = Si. A bo . CAsisbaace to resolvetheissu 9 Failuves + duppi te temporary agreement negotiations were dragged Sill 1452 + Th 1483 ,govtoh Pox alleyed that India, wos cubbing back 3 on watey Flow. «the problem wos further draggech till 1460 when indus Water Ireshy wes sro ned Andus water frahy The treaty allowed for & Wansi hon sl period 6} 10-13 yeers after which they exstem BR ___ rivers (Row, sulky, be fa ively fo indy en ux q vivoys (Lndus, Jhelum, cheneb) to Pakisten. During tle bensitione) pertod Pak Would const asystema yeplatement work consistif) of - 2doms, Sbarrey and 7 [ink cansls finencea! by Hs Wale? develop ment Sond . . ssass lalalalg ae» Scanned with CamScannerDated: Economic Problems 66606 ma Polistan —> economic situation wes verys00r : Lo hed no indesicd| bese =? No indushri es paaior Lohofeven asingle suttmil) focater bits omlyexport. Pakistan's moimnomé Was twa Gute) Fobric used tomeKe ropes and Seis. Par yot only lu out of 340 Indien cotton mills e3s-thent-* Majority of Pakistan wos & rare) aveq 7 Undoy develoy ed electricity issuspoo ee edejdadded Polk jskan oy. acing Food. v be. Didhof heve alo} ey soip Couldu't inje ita! inko 9 (Belinition:- 2 + Eronpmic situation 20s very disestevous | Nokenoush skilled pesonell frunth railway, hegpifals cond ASices. + There es also shorbege ot Fics furnipere Gud $ upp) its Lo Foreciniyi's tre sive pi poses Pee RSW dy Scanned with CamScannerDated: bee Explanation e@ereece. +Food wos scavteand PAK he limited cosh to buy food. + Pakistan hedho industry noteven Xsingle jute mili fo eater bo it's Only mmsove export +Pakiston gok Vy ourot Hk 840 Tndien cotton mi lls + Pakisten had ho-steel works and production & elecdvidity ware lony runni ng problen « There weve only @ major touns and Mm Pakistan mostly consisted of under developd 9 Yura) orees with little erno cconornje sehivipres + + There Wey also shorts eaning indstrisiiest’on could 2 Sped Up and we couldw't inject capi ful jnHe economy F989 @ Successes, + State honk’ of Pekiston was established in totem 144 8 «In tQus, Finnsh iso intod cock Pakisbeu's First indsbrigl policy sharement. Features «Pakistan's economy and infrastrechwve remsined under developed wnbiltie 1960's a9 99 vi lg @l alg: PEPDPIPIOIM & Scanned with CamScannerDated: Division of Fincncial ossets When dhe two nations were pertiponed tere weve U4 billion vapees. inth Thdien reserve bak 5 ) ) » > Ut wos agveed that te assets. would be split > y Wh 5 India PAK 5 = TSomillion rapes {leased on size cand population] Ly But indies stepped s+ 550 million ckistenneeded all Hemone] L> Boz fey worted tp banker gk PAI sothet Hey could Lk could ge raxthy needed fo bey bu take ovey » sfood Arms _-establisheconanty Trdia stopped at? 550 bcoz thy wore a} aarwithenh | > D__. Since gandhi waned nonvioloue) oer (veeKeshniy) ond thousht PAX would busprmshotse 2 ppor ted Ray loy going on a huge : Le ond Mr conn i 2 & pakistan aswell. 2 Lyb.cord This indis psid tots) f Too million end Bois obill despshed spon polis day: Definition := 3- > > + Undivided india had 4 billion in pots) : Ed ~ Tk ues agreed on 2 decomber 1447 thal Pak would be paid 750 million aus) oe Ls 200 wsas already payed-teSBowestobe pail isnadiately —D__- Tdi, wi thd S50 _curoh warin Keshmir even the it wer Pakisten's mone: = e This would cause major cash orisis earth b.cor Pakistan only hed enoyh money bo pay one = month's salaries: Scanned with CamScannerDated: Sucesses world Pressuet + 500 million wes lake paid on jen 15" 184g — Grendli'> Fest it wy on @ is request that tevesevue lank oF indies aK Foiloves + + valance ob Goynillion is skill dispured to tais dere Nawab of Bhawelpur paid Sor First 6 month's Salury dt all gout employees S44OR oa eee \ | bs Vensrich \ S triedhiinnsh bina tare Siac Antone: = Delinitionser + ex planstion Gindig )_CPak) — «The agreed division ot militory assets wos 68% 35° ~ + Mony milipery assets suches bans ond militery vebicles weve obsolete hemaged, or out Ge orders o~ = The deliveries wens eon pur | Pak did n o Si orclinenee Factor. ~ Pak required UK offices to command avmy of 150 K soldies Available offices = 2500 — one wes. muslin cqeneve) = |_ Th bee were brigadiens o G Rest uevesunior of Fiters S S S & > s +> > Scanned with CamScannerDated: Swcesses i= CHO J+ $09 british cHficers wove hired by jinnch fo ledond froin PAKISTAN ARMY ~y > Douslas Gracey wos 2! commander in chief > > near rawalpinds Failure t= « Pakishen's weapors veyntined out Acted fill late 14bo's a) > S63 «) Probleme > “D___ Pakisten —> 4 provinces + bengs] “J . each provine hal sepewate Culture ,values, languene tet ets Ty Thea! Hhoaght Hes) fair Lenguage and eal bove Wey beter then He others. J 2 all thought thet Hey weve the best. = Provincidism=: White supremsey = bub for provinces aw) Punjcbi_ officer will clunys support punjse Sindhi oSSicor Will alwoys support sindh Define :- Pele consisted ob five verydifferent regions explanstion := slnese regions had diff culboves, langynenes onc Velees and lifestyle *No Uniting Packor bcoz oh Hese di Pforences ame siidaeeg Successes Fai wes TB. Wrde wsey ducleved habione) Jenguege bo_| +The cultere) differences uve foo great fo be bridyed ZH _uniteppl _ _X.By Guud-e Azerm) | ond Hols why cost Putisben Ielev ao? soperctooh «He fried ko shop provinesl ism anc vnske tren Work A flemselves os Pakisteni’s and. gp trope piv Provinces. also tried to stop! a discrimimbion eagainot cabal indians ww! Hhtuah. | Scanned with CamScannerDated: | = <7 © [Most Lmportent Probler ] RO FG EE CRE 5S est tert Pel Definition:- + Sireyil radaifte dernoreated pevimanent borders b/w Paliis hen endl indic, + Muslim ores would go boPek while hind™ Piajai ryewees would gobo rds njority + Provinces [ike Balochis ten, Sindh , NW EWP ond ess} bengel provided little AiSSiewhy = Deep problems arose in Punjebas there wove a substencial number dy Hindus anel silths living thove ober than He muslims. Lb wosdifFicwt butk the province wes Paw titioned - When boundaries wove drawn ,it Yesul Fedin many tragic events. Th wes very Srantic ond done _hesh'ly so if wos not foir. Vee oygygernr pr, Pl}! « Surmmer /eommuns) violence _C marchand april 1647) + Unfoir borders . [PPI woke up He nextday raining Hey weve jn Pak babete iy Lp [Gurdesper, delhi, Sirozper | Lf “PPL seeked refuge in PAK enomstereitors | « SLost ot alor of Lives wealth propyty | 7 jee wes alsoan ineidesbin whieh a Hein cimnvslims forrived Sutle® decd bodies) 7 —atlrkbliwnuere vised Lexcept vives} - igvabion tn bisjory effects :- +20 million weve made h omeless + Imillion mon women ond childwen dich From both sides + Paki'shen wes skill Sfresgling Financially anch Tmillion vefag eas were yoleced on is daxstep whe sede hed Josh all of bleiv weal th. Grovk needed ke Feed clothe and shel} Hem: Placed great clesl ststress on thnew Grovk. PUPP EPs Hea ae ss Scanned with CamScannera e Dated: — Successes — —__@ s ~Jinnsh_decleved. himse |" Protector General oF Minorities” in ordv to gorruenter scbehy SH ninorines in Pak - Healso = He establisted a reiubilustfon fund for etn whieh Hevich Pak Penis lama, a= In 1450 He Haguet-Nelwa Pact wes sished bw LAI and Nelws :- Vise systema would be introduced fo contyo) movement acevo: ree + Bothgovt will be resporsible Por pto testing minoribies 1'n flejroun country « Fed lure Re oF propevly settled tm on Hil 19 Go+ + TM flen fey werefoveed fo ie in Comp setHements Soy eelseage ee Scanned with CamScannera) 2 “Dated: Accession of Princely states oboe Princely states = sistes governed by princes who wove friendly bowards brit'shso wy british qawe fem lend - These weve glso Knouncs Sabsidery all'eaces e.g. Gilob Singh betrayed Sikhs jn anglo- sikh war ond wes gif tech Femmu ond Koshmiy i Princely states had 3 ppbiows @ Join PAK ® Join indi @® Become Inclepondont Ly Nok, Preetieg! besis on They were given fle ophion but iF thy choosed jrthe british woulds'f sllovié » Lihey would choose one ortws besed on population end lation) Swat Hunzea 2 chitval Kae [ Princely cfates thst joinedh Palsishen. Bir Kelet Dhawal pwr end Kleirper J The main issue wos wish jlese 3 skates @_tydeve bad QD) Juneshoah @_Koshmir WHidldidiadggee ee se didssdld >> Scanned with CamScannerDated: Hydevebed _CAKA) Deccan peninsula |_| Ls Lergest princely sere > Population = over léomillion > _leeler = Nizamot Hylucba Knead tere tnonzpigstive ~ Verich beoaof spicelrede_L> mus]im Ly Annual yevenue of morethan 160 million nypees Nizom of hyderabad => Mir Osman Ali Khan (muslim) caceording fo musliins = majority popwehion wos muslim according fo Hinds = Majority popyetionwos Hindu Nizam —> wented independence —> mount batten did’ nt allow Lo$o he pielted PAK + ASler picking PAK ~>indian avmy surrounded Hyderqbsd + Nizam appested to UN (Supported by Quaid) > issue dragged fll iaus Pakis toni + Queid died —> This sehe shocked yuslins ond HB-gt Wok Geertt Apion aSeation woes diverted ® Se blaleleleledicndiebb ble. + So india jnvaded ondmerged it with ofr provinces -o~ [Now that if wes menged ip conduit be Un-naned seMewribungene) OS [Hydenbed wart wear teindig andended infeilwe ] 99» vg ieI\9\9\9, Scanned with CamScanneroo “Dated: Junagadh — coos eve (Failure) Smaller compeved to hyde sbacl wv NeerKeyechi but Closer to paltisten Yulerwas muslim Andis claims Pak claims muslim msjorily Under UN supervision Tumesedfh wes surrounded by indian oning vel Hey didn’h leFenyorein or out 50 UN coxicl't onter and wi phout Peir suptevision it Would be considered invalid os it was undusiudén control eIndian army jnveda and onnered it «They did thoir own referendue andit showed ahinls rnajori ty » BUT Gz (Pakis ten] Rejected we _ L>apperted to UN = no benefit for Pakisten Juns.gedlh wapalso a Falve Fy \ : vi FERN E desde eee e esse dev eye Scanned with CamScanner2 diS§ states ruled by same rie so considered some Dated: Jammu and Keshmir —> 1007. muslim mefonhy ovigindrwer J gucbsingh Heri sings [ruterin 1447] Lecdereues Hinds, dere dose ze GGisted Tan K by pritish fov helpin ong lo sikhos Keshmmiv also gave 2000 troops bo brihsh in WW2 Loone doyres sunessors Ee Hani Singhs wo ees Lo started a messcere of meslins in 1947 is Wanted independence. —> Kee Knew ipwesn’) possi ble bs sohe wanted fo soin iad clout fered Hat Mae who le pppoebion if wes right beside Paliis fon. So Windy were qllowed to Diet tam plete tliat Ly He developed ¢plen Le curry out & massacre of Keshimiri muslin © 50 thet they don't rebel) TDD te decreose mesling and inornse Wises percentsye wodd -rebel os mos dy ple weve mus] iMmsced Lo Iriecl tomeke it Hindamyosity Prleleieeeeeeeo eo ver | dawg OTe score meslins dt So Hint Hes Sear Gor Heir Lives andimigne ON XC to Pakiston ss . Afker Yhis many muslims migeated to PAK +ASher seeing ynessaure , the Pkhhas chiseled Mehrajes forces Lip $2 he esled fie indig for hel, re Scanned with CamScanner o>» Plele\9Dated: sTrolia said thy would help bur had aconditon that H.sineh degre signs Keshmicover to Thelig +He did + Tndisn crmy wes ready at gurcles por capibal oh Kaho Ls Trvadea_Moshynir Pak also sent it's evmy —>Ttwes3 howsqway from Ginger) PK omy + Pakhhuntribesmant Keshmirimesling vs H.singh dosrat Indian army aan Sivst war eg blw Pakand India Llu ge ~ Keshmir War] Lis firs} wer Fousht over Kashmir Ls UN intervened andealled fora coase five v “when Fishting is femporor ity S$ pended fo sat solve ms ter Heras discussions” + Bothermies would shop where they had reacheck + India seid that they’! have vel ferend um in Iteshinir Ly Pak asveed @ & bcoz itwes meslim mjor d : cE it Wes teking placeydhdtisbeom a temporees horcler was demevenbeck fo where _ ecchowmy had voachedl Knounss line of control or LOC Forshort Seed eevee eoe rece 4 re Ds Indi started invasion bofore Pakisien toning they hada headskrt ~ id Ly Despite this Pak almost beat indiq TF sey hsch continued Hriredvence then —9 Fry would heve ecsily won - —3 A Neer later when asited cabb referendum 2 —— amie) be refused any cleim obref Ferenalom ¥ ‘Lisue ates) a Lo Gwk good arceso% Kashmir + Capi kal —o = gC 50 {bis a\ Fay lure —e —o— Scanned with CamScanner~~ >) “SQ Dated: ~Q__!4 mark _c,uestions [Proviems after Povtition ~2_9) Which 4 the following wos He most difiet problem bo overcome Following the ¢ reskin ~y St paltisten in rau. fir] G) How successful wos He sucinoeed & Pokistan in solving He problems a povhtion during 1447 and 14 ust [4] Q) Wes ...,, the most importont problemAMlagy Sacing tenethy formed govt Pakishon in Iqu7t fiw 4 Tmork questions G) Why wos He division BF the avmed forces and military asses a prob lemfor oak's ben intqu7@ [7 | PEP Ud dd ded es dewdgy @) Describe 3 problems af ter parti Hon \Imarks J 4 movk questions @ Why wes Pakisten accel with owhuges problem in 1447 [u] G) Deserive He vofugee problem. [4] G2) What wep He carn! waier dispute L¥) G) What wosthe indss water heaty [4] Scanned with CamScannerDated: QAP aT ie Paksoben-Parm witha a reheat? problenin Tp ciel peter ese Bnseeh nds Wed aguel_Ynte, bourdany comission worl apchap alo demeals Sieh an cndeindin onde wemselthed Spee cgril reel Pe - The Wdiedivised coy suth that Fuaslim WEBI evens world gordo aed bindu mayor. & i atts dag area ine ae Ceweat six okich aug pesple den bad wae injveel jsits Bonito WiKi bod fe Ea efit eshattobe telsbilitatel by paltistan whieh placed great STATS @) Describe pre refugee problem [+] When. india ond pakie tea were parted by giregsi)redelifle inthe radcliffe gwar, itwasclone Ws heptity and teaultedin many tregic. events « People leflthe’” homes yroney , personal property audl Jond to migrate fo palishon . Jomillion wore made homeless andmany wive injured end one injlliion men women wor childven wGeedr die Grom both sides. Tt [eft Jmillion refiyeeg at Pakishans doore lp and phced agrend cmount 6} sirain onbhe qovenmenl oe Scanned with CamScannerDated: GD) Describe the cena! water dispste [a] pree ® Frenthough Firoape hed Omustim majority itwas avec fo india geby sic cyril redeliffe Qe Undeelle radcliffe awark- In Yar Sirozpme thee was bari doab cons| headworlt which -@- controlled We Plow dr vives vow’ ond sublejinko fa punjab in osltisbon. in Mpril 19ue, _@ india ghamembered ctopyed jx Flow A water and osked pakisten bo poy if Hey uated Water. e- This Preatened pakistan on it hud an agricel bre based economy and MP willeost water we -— Would not be able gy ow crops preptdl and our economy would go into eeline- this wosore A the most secious isoues paltis}on Qacedl abe pertition. Q) Whet wos te: indus water treaty +L) Lt were testy bebreon Pakislen and india forconbol st gAkiaen water frominds river. itallowed paXkistanto build 2 deme, 5 barrages cud 7 link carats fo divwhusty from He werteunrives indus, Thelen oud chensb tecesty nates vives VEE Yavi,sublejencl bees Satie, Qa @ @|\9|/e4¢ Soca ansitionsl period dt 10-13: yows adler which bese vastern vivers would frlleredsiely Qa poindin: ~ GQ) Who wes awe & bhorslpr U[s) = The newb 4- Gab Uhunlpywe fe price Gt priacly shhe lewd pr attchdortto pin —o pakistan @Sber petition: He wes veryrte wealthy andl vies geod friend & Gueid~ tram e Mehrwoneds Ali Tinnah- When pals hen wes newly iter jadepeadent ond ves teeing finencia) problem 9 Yen the naweb & bhawelpue Afeved to pay He First 6 month's salons 6 foralligovenacnt Or 21sfhr anger employees Gnd wi thort Huis Kind db qeneso-s help, pakistenvould teat have ee become: bankorapk ® ® R a a > Scanned with CamScannerDated: G) Who was He _nizam thy dembsd ? Lil # oho ~3. The nizem of hydursbed wes ruler & princely shite Known as duvan peainials of hyclove bed - his Yeume ues Mnir Ssman ali I¢lem end he was one chic fop 3 riches ynandbhis Hine. This wos pranks tohis spice trade business and he hed on gayeds annual revenue cf more then 160 million Yapees and neaswed his wealth Hroush gold measured by tHe tonnes. He weoa muslin and dried. fo join pakistan Flerpertition but hydirabad uspewe annereddon immediately offer He death & Quaid-e- Asam Muhswmed Ali Sinngh « Q) Descrive 3 problems afte pactition [1meeks] « Thove were “po tel of problems + Mention refugee crisis as Hist wosthe pro portend problem 1) Greogrephieal Veet medars, Copan andl 2.) Polities! 5) Division hessels ) Accession d princely states 3) economics! 6) social problems Ttiet more then Tminetes ¥ > Write any 2problemsand vefagee evisis! Ans) _Afler pskis. pavtifionedl nmiay problems arose. firstly there were geoasephicdl problems. Since Pakistan was split into ecat andwest pakishen, jp became difficult jo edminishr botheltien becase bebvee Yr fwowss about 1000 miles & india, which wos hostile fwritory. Tt become herd HABSHY commun ic ake ide pelween sre bod He's Cansecl cost pais ban pofeel g neglected. Also Hs.since ive wesno travel, Mere wes Vergliptle mixing ok ming bing of el teres and Hat isiehy eas) pakishen lod meng ditfeewes such es Culbwe lng ange end outlook ancl He onlyuniting fader wes jslom-Tt isbecage 4°" commandic ine Lief thiving § S00 british FFicars (+ setap oh ordinawe feetory | 1 Porat 2 Failve {Out dated equipmant Hill Ieke 14 50'5 POPP Voli seeded ed dd ddd ded PH Peoe Scanned with CamScannerDated: NiegeEeh ge RS DGS TRG Naciee Section #3, Eowlyminidies —> 14ue-1ase™ Minis ies : Whatevey fenumber 6 soars He leads hes power f Ls Tenuraes f He govt - write about +reforms *ssceesses / fei]wres \ _s dounfa}) Us 194 e — 144 4avea)) minis his 1447 -144e —o Tenure & Jinnchos He governor genera) LFinneh diced 2 19Ue~1451 —> minisivy s+ Khwaja nazimeddin as governor generat: Licquat ali Khan 08 te prime minis hew Lid assesingted in 1451 vara moce power $s) ) The post- sincere peison Lo he Krew Hhabatte jinnsh te we mosh dre hvorthy payson was Wagquatedli Khao « Lis bicos & Pris, he let LAK lesd oven the he had more power Scanned with CamScanner PPPPPPV**AAPIRPRPPRPP DR OeI*Pe@Md@eqgeeoeoseoeeDated: Gooe Forming a constitution D__slep 4. * constijuent cssembly should be formed Le Ascombly thst forms He constihetion ; Shep 2: Theprincigls on which He Fustler constibstion shod be based + (they come fromte conti tstion] Step 3: Draft constipution would be made Steps: LF dle drePh i's approveeh jhen it will be jmplemented CPrime miniskeLioquet Ali thon (lak]tav7- 1961 Lossesinsheal Constituent assembly —> formudl under independence ak oflau Lis Funchions @) constituiion meking 2) ordinary law makings eididig deeded Objectives resoloution [sucens]] Afler perbition —> PeKistenwes boing nied ascordingto 1435 Govt sbindiset Ls Mmordecto Same Calf corstittion Dconshi pueat easembly was formed ® Basic principles comm tee wes formecl Objectives resolostion Ls vecommendahions were pessed! 5 \_Lepresanted on 7 merch 1949 by LANEY “objectivesresoloation edoped by coabbuent assembly march 12” isua [Sey tate] cided the principles on which tk fulwe consbifution wos bebe ia] Scanned with CamScannerDated: Draft constitulion 1450 [failwe> [Possible Tment] \ GS Presented jo He constituent assembly —> 20! Sept 1450 Yejeched cue fo He. following ressond “= 1) East Pakistoni Politicians were unhappy becarte they were given ea,us) seats ds west Pak in the parliament exen tho EP hede larger populshion by 1OM 2) Fest pekistanis spoke bengali ond resented tle ide. ct Urduos te nationn) lengusye. 3) Provincial polihicel leaders objected to-2le amount 4 power gives to. the Seders) goveenment ard the wees given Ades tates W) The draft wos also Crificized by theveligiovs segmen)s form} being sufFitienbly 'slemic PRODA (aus) [Seeass + failure] 2 PUBlic Repesontakves Officers Disquelificshion ACT > Wrdbr this Jaw > complaints could be méde fo flegoteenergenecel 4 or ~ Provincial governor agains} axrupt govt .oF ficers DOntle basis 6} comploink oninguiry could berg ordeved e e& & & & & _& & 2 86 Oo ode eee | > Angone Found guilty would. be removed fromel Fico - This law wos designed to remove corruph ion bul it wes used b ruling elite to appoint pei Feuoured fficers and romove those whem Hey disapre vedshs « Scanned with CamScannerDated: Rewal pindi conspiracy [iss] T > Attempted sovie} baked Cup agcinst He goveennest a LAK Plenned by 1 © Major = Genera) Aber Khan [Seriorsommendtr inPelt erm] Cheilure,) firs prime mivishtr Pal, - : D ojher militery FFicers , Deft wing Pakisteni polibiions , + Rewal pindi conspiracy cose us bstelon 4 mach 1451 y Rewalpindi conapi . ; ewalpindi conspivaty hed 3 mon Causes DG Wee was cacnoral discontent diyms's PaXishani ASicers withtk govt st LAK. D “They Yought he wer cosnagt ond imompeteat : DD Many d Wehigh ranking Pakistani generals vicwe) the continuing pressouP 3 britishaemy J BVicors in he. Pakistan’ army abe seenriby Yawest os uel ed an ingpediment fo their speed 4 2 promotions - : @__O[rrestimmediste care] Arms ch ficer thought Pha! tle governments cezephince GUA medizhPon 2 and coase fire prade Pekiston appear Weak onpe Kashmiri {Sous 2 * Major geneva) @!tbae —> master nd belind yawedpind cons pireey 2 Lished. communis} Veen ings Ly this ‘shy he cntsted belod LeGtists Jeon gts intelechslals .o Pali + e.g. Ofajz Aloned Rais 2 © Sard sain eheoy [Serekery gonore) tf Puistea commen ish ports) = == -y 2 Pe =e } Scanned with CamScannerDated: Coup + When milibery over throws phe civillian gavevnman Poreefully Merial Love + When He- country is being yun undler Milipery “laws Cvonthowgh te civilian leadership is in poster. Tt cen bo -placedin ong city oy whole coumbry'« . @eeneere Assesintionst LAK Th_195), LAK +s cgsepinfel while addressing a public rally in vauwalpind) akcompany gavdees, His afsesin wos shot by asecond assesin , The blame uxs puton USSR and Afghanis ton. He wks Suteeeded by Khwais nazimddin otk PMaad Malik Ciideim Muhammad became tle new Liver e- govevnor aeneys). 9 Malik Grhidem Mchammed += = To manage econcmic duelopment in’? eki'stein > it wos initially a 6 year plan Neti LUnderhich (01) agtited be i (OD indutial Weasport pe fe be developed C03) communieaKion, . (04) mining 99> 9 > eS lelal¢ =P Hs because F plistheb s~ Sui ield wx OS proces pleat mes stb spin 26h Pf AS 49999 \ele\9 Scanned with CamScannerDated: Stoel epssliskion Econornic. problem MGM Seco > Public protests Ond riots because ob soueve sevious food shor hages which head affected pakishen becesed a soviews cought. The Food crises became Further seve hecarse economic crises udichouewed due to Sudden drop in Paltisten export Sjure ore Colton as}. Korean wer came toanend - Politics) problem The public protests ond riods were Surther fueled by religions pastes who were ¢_demandingfrom te overnment to duclace Ahmedis os non-muslims Gnd remove ail ahmedis from government posts — ‘melding the foreign minis}er ak Hhe fime ,ZePerullch Ichan- These rioks weve Knoun Gm |shore riots Onda Smonth markiel law wasable to supvess Yhese riots. Ltisestimelrd thst pols) st Soo Abmedis woe Killed. PM atthe time DUSwTssa1_ot_Kuwaia waziauoo iy “” Cass apety y2!™ Loy malik Gohslem Mobrnmed ] -Foe nokconlvolling Ye ecoromy and riots which led Jo Pood chor dage «The gott dy nezimuddin wesdiomissed despite the fect Hist Heyliad majority in peslistnenb. = Khweja nazimuddin declored MGM's actions asillegs! anc) uncons ti hhane) id not challawe or oppose this descision % in He best inteves} of pakishen. ~The vepleaa mnt for KN was He PaKishar’s ombusedor bo US ab He hime, Muhamed Ali Bog. SRB ECE TEES V TTT - A betefelored He First dell consh buhion in 1450, He besie principles commitee haduibhivee Hee Yecommdstices for full considwations- ABH bwoypays in 52 "4 december a revised draft for Yehawe_costi bution was inttodwed « ibhad + equelsests | jwdlycriHaizeck sno mitond legnige =Duzto Failore & Hese propasds try weve~i febyoun =Pakshil dda} hee c cors}ifetion. Scanned with CamScannerDated: @) Whet was He Yawel pindi conspiracyt (4). eevee Ti wes on attempted soviet backed coup ‘against He govornmout of Lidge cx Khan, fiesterine _@. Minished Pakishen wigs + Tt wasplaned by mejor genovel akbevichen inunion withobr milifery Abicers dad Uf wing pakistani politicins andljupelleehsfals suchas syed Sejjed 2s heey whowss Scorers yuatin & Pakishin commented pests cidfciraloned (ate irthy This becunedl His Hab Lingua} oli Iehan tues epsasinghed viileadessing apublic in rawalpindie Q) Who wes Major general alba Khan 2 {ul Major genevel altbey Khan were a senior commander inhePakistan army - He wes the mete ~Mird behind He yews pind eorspiracy and hed commuaistlear rings. Thise xplain ekg te he enlisted ss ABDSDS poli Hidiaws suchas suc saijed aahere who wos he Seevelers yeneal 6} Prk shan gsm OH Commenishpuby ond lePhiste intellectel,, Caiz skmed Faiz 9 |9|9) 998000 29P OO D999 INVP9P ODO Scanned with CamScanneree cere > Ley con Dated: Constitstionsl erisis [IG54~1q55] Cfsslue) _ Lled tobe downfell ot mgm) Bogra —> successful in breaking pucnshibions! clevdlock ced akisten on He issne & re > his power sewing scheme waskroon 03 Hehemmedl Ali's forms” Consisted Mage + Centre! legisleture was to consistsh tee Mousey With equal powers) + Uppev hovse —> jo members Yromeachprovince —> tote) 5o member: C5 provinces) = lover house wes bo Nave — 165 members from east paltisten Cbencyladesh) 135 members From westpakisten Chli'shea) «TY head & state wer from vest psi then prime minister would be fiom ees tpsk or Ni CR NOSe a2. These pe posals wore welcomed Swomall politics) circles cad ip ures seid fist ipo remo ve. the diffeanes csnongtle twounifs: => Mam wes nothappy with He growing influence sf bogva because bose was nole PUPPET Pay PM om mgm hed hoped » => Fagzeeat Bicordt tags sede majoring bsects goingto ecar palisten and Mgm hewing yore power then bogva a Conshifbions) cyiois was developing » When mgm wan out st He combs, bya Hee conshitwent sevilla potsedan amérd mou) fs Pegour & itdiveed 1435 Hal c- All ministers including PM vant be members & Hrassombly apvtfom4 cThysembly had Fe approve te eabinet vais LHe gon om shale pe adu'eodt lis minis tes - Ly He constifrent cosembly vepealed PRODA dod pPsssegeeeeeeseeeerny TT Scanned with CamScannerDated: Breas gf Pais, The wesarifbevested b/w MGM ond Boawa + 1454 seit beewmpeiid abd On ectobey 24 MGM —dkelaved shate demesmencs: ~ forced bogato vebishn = dissolued constitenrossembly = stsporda He corstibniow = Tsshified This by saying “assombly lew Jos} confisence d Hepeople” Mahi _tamiaddin Khon [0 speaker 5 Heconshihuentass embly | Lochallaged MGM's descision in Sind high com? = MGM tesdin hishcout — NGM wert fo syprem ¢ cowk Corey 155) _ = MGM won insuprene cout = Mam gots Jats). athek 6b paralysis died aubile tbo [Doun fel 4- Malik Ghulam Ashemmad 1951-1055 | oa wololei9g9999O OP Oe ee eager ooreeenp Scanned with CamScannerDated: skew mires 1455-145¢ GG Proposed by bogwea in l454 One unit policy [feilwe] Loy deeisionuas bakenin (055 by Te Kamo Hives | b> Unpopater descicion Sted to uneat in bolhuings dH county deddddeeede Totrensform Hh four provinces of Weak PAK into “Oneuait” [1455] => Even tro thove ical (uni aSingle province thove weve m: Linguistic difloewes in West Pakistan. ~The opposition pro| were jc +The stele cosemblies & bhswel pur and Kheivpey ore closed dows Troops wee used boerush opposition in balechishin => ORE brit scheme wap anulledin 1469 by presidoct agudeseien, Techy Kher: Arouemorts in support One Wit Scheme (OUS) administration sh asingle province was mee efficient and coe bePfec tive 2) A single pravince woutd bring an cnc bo provincis is m- 3) © Two provinces Eestand west would nakt ib ronier boestsblish a consti pation for Pais tow Scanned with CamScannerDated: Drawbacks or OUS ereeen > Political oppen eteloss & Provincial ideas hi => Leading provincial polibicians and Politics parties Geoved a Joss power _@ => PPL a OU _inprineips) ; pumed on 1) ie g ok. Pest Kee its rovineis| | => ea iT Jods ‘i i i nis i and probrefic A-sindhi language —> Ecot Pakistanis suv He OUS ab dwice Y to for fo get equal seats in parliament forecstend wert Pak. ooo volalaiagg9999 OP eee e006 Scanned with CamScannerIskendey Nivzas govk initisteden indusbiglizction and pure! development Prosresn under Which : i) Kovachi aivport Wi wos constracted in 1955 2) Reilwey network was expended ond improved 3) Pakistan fele communicsbion Corporation was set up to expand tle exishing Helephone Network in pakisten- ‘ 4) Socicland eduction! sectors umeelsoimproved [butueve nob axextosive os He sort mek Hemout tobe] : 1956 cons kitution Lome] ln ein Bead i i} wesconfirmed in merch #3 oedecs ish Commonweal th - Ihis corti Iived 05 Ewo yeas later it wes ebrogcted by genevel Ayub Ichan who a ynertigl Law. Scanned with CamScannerDated: 1956 constiution, [Fectwes and drewbecks] pelkee Feabur + Under }le_tevm: is ack , Paltis ban ws. Javed om an islamic republic + The president shall_be a muslim over Yo ands hal) a fodissolve ble assembly ay on te prime ice ond she be al morethan 2 berms. : Bet appoint tern minister aren 2 +The netions| as: shall equal number srseats rendoset Kistan- - Tf bs ' : oes days. Uf he rel 2/3 majorit: uived 40 force i joni + The president shell have the power bo possordinences (laws) whentle assembly's nabinseasion. Drawbacks .= ie ee consti fution gees hed move power ealvunstc PM ucsmestly o one: + Rost Scanned with CamScanner) “Dated: }___ Reasons Jeing bo merticl law sf 1958 y_1) Resentment in eestPskishen 4) Suspensions Constitution py») Frequent dismissals db primeminis ters 3) Failure 1456 contistion £ and OUS > x y 1) Resentment ineash Pakishen e a ‘ sten [ : J . = Fost Pakistan was unhappy with weak Paltishen | prere was unrest inees } Palt Reesous Sor resenimenh:- » ~Increesed poverty due tocyelones and Floods . + Food shortage in ecst Pak . + Thvemained beekward becaiso theppl A £ P hed no} been involved jab desei'sia nrmeliing 7 Ye d a_gyes! in Fenny He county. : = ~ 2) Fve vi wninis > > ~ Following the esonomic ibiealerises Chsud ry Hel ie laced, Shaheed Sera onit" sept 156. Lskanderynivze hoped that by appointing « PH from EP. = Will help pacify He sibustion Apolitieslunvest in EP andhelphim gain spport for 1457 consh~ ‘. cilstion. 9 Srchwardy didnot turn ou) tobe & puppet prime ministeras mites hed hoped and this renaltel ing =B coaGlict b/s Hee tito oad Jebto He disnizgs| & surbusl yon aM October 1157 —B~ Serchwady wes repkced by Ibsshim ismei) chendrighar op He new PH. > ~ Chundrigar lested for less than 2 montts bcoz hewer nok able fojceep Me conlibion govt Feces unshed > and plese diffepanes wer mirza ca anexeee todignise chndrigar . Scanned with CamScannerDated: ~ASter igen ‘eror Kkhen noon. He fried’ bo Keep hecoaliNongovt hogeter by aprointing @- __Gleege cabinet but wap impssible fo readha consenceson Any descision as ach polities! puts hed Weir oun opinion and vi ew. e@e@. 3) Failure of One unit seme and 1956 corstibshon —Che& the notes « 4) Suspensions constipation 900000 + Ont night & 7” october 1456, Hecontitation wor sespeded by apesedsenfic| HE proclamation Jennownemany + Ninistes wove dismissed ‘+? told about chao cardeornph ghtedh combs » + legisktare wes dissolved. + Politics) pew bes wove banned => & Commendir inchief , Creneslaynbln, Khan wes appointedes ednini stator, and ove paxo te coubty fora MO reprechicab le form hg ovk - Three weet experience Henaw get showed at Ze LM wes s rill playing end el successfally wedogaint tepoli Kelas, He was made ba dizake fice on 27 otobar 1958 aeclite chief martial ‘lawadminiavator , Aye Klin, becamebepvesidant oh Ele comtty + Scanned with CamScanner