Progress Report

DTP Subgroup
Lab Process Internal Combustion Engines
(LabProcICE)

Geneva, 12. January 2011

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 1
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 Overview

1) State of the working progress

1.1) Course of action
1.2) Approach to develop the DTP proposal
1.3) Meetings since June GRPE 2010
1.4) Work in progress
1.5) Improvements in CO2 representativity/
reproducibility

2) List of the open issues

3) Planning of the next steps / Outlook

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 2
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.1) Course of action

• ToR & Plan of Activity (WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-002_rev3)

• Tasks: Harmonization & improvements
• Basis documents:
- GTR draft
- US, JP, ECE regional legislations
• 3 experts groups:
- Lab Process
- Measurement / Equipment / Calculations
- Road Load Determination
• documentation:
- GTR draft (WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-021)
- circa website: 3. WLTP-DTP: lab procedures

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 3
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.2) Approach to develop the DTP proposal
Data basis 1. step 2. step 3. step final step
Identification of Comparison of
Regulations Make a decision Modification of
relevant contents contents
contents
e.g. soak time => DTP gtr
EU Proposal

ECE
500 pages+

gtr US
Draft
EPA
(combination CARB
of 3000 pages +
gtr 2 & gtr 4)

Japan
400 pages+

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting slide 4

LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.3) Meetings since June GRPE 2010

• 03.-06.08.2010: Ingolstadt workshop

• 15.09.2010: tel/web conference

• 29.09.2010: tel/web conference (reg. systems)

• 5./6.10.2010: Brussels workshop

• 13.10.2010 Vienna DTP meeting

• 22./23.11.2010 Brussels workshop

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 5
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in progress

• Draft gtr prepared

• Progress report of Vienna WLTP DTP meeting and minutes

include the agreed points [WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-025-Minutes of
meeting Vienna; WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-030-Minutes of meeting
Brussels 22./23.11.2010]

•Work in progress including feedback from the last meetings in

Vienna and Brussels and open issues (technically and political) are
shown in the next slides
•Open issues requires higher lever discussion and decision

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 6
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in Progress – ”Vehicle Dyno Mode“

The need for safe and proper operation of the car on the dyno was confirmed.
Dyno mode, if any, shall be activated by using a manufacturer's instruction (e.g.
using vehicle steering buttons in a special "pressing order", by using the
manufacturer work shop tester).
Activation or not of the dyno mode shall be recorded in the test report.
"Dyno mode" shall not activate, modulate, delay or deactivate the operation of
any part, that affects the emissions and fuel consumption under the test
conditions.
Next Steps:
Rename “dyno-mode” to avoid any confusion.
Improvements of the gtr text are needed to ensure transparency of the mode (no
cycle beating, application in ISC programs, use only if needed)
–

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting slide 7

LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in Progress – ”Cooling Fan”

Ongoing discussion of the specification of the cooling fan in ECE

R83.
LabProc ICE will wait for the results of the GRPE discussion and
decision.
ECE/TRANS/WP29/GRPE/2011/5
http://www.unece.org/trans/doc/2011/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-
WP29-GRPE-2011-05e.pdf
ECE/TRANS/WP29/GRPE/2011/6
http://www.unece.org/trans/doc/2011/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-
WP29-GRPE-2011-06e.pdf

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 8
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in Progress – ”Multimode gearbox / mode
switch”

How to test a multimode gearbox if no “default mode on” is present?

Common understanding: Compliance of emissions standards in all modes.

CO2 / FE testing proposal:

• No switch / mode: nothing to choose => standard test procedure
• Default mode on – use standard test procedure in the default mode
• Last mode on – use of standard test procedure in the best and worst case
mode, the CO2 / FE result is the average of both modes.

Next Steps: Further discussion in the LabProcICE subgroup meetings in

close connection with the LabProcEV subgroup

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 9
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in Progress

Interval of calibration frequency

A summary of harmonized intervals of calibration frequency to be
included (WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-033-calibration_VOLVO).
Experts need to modify the procedure for the check of the linearity of
analyzers.

Remote mixing chamber, dilution tunnel still needed?

Discussion with PM/PN sub-group coming next steps

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 10
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in progress- Inertia classes

After several discussions the “stepless inertia” concept was rejected. The following
points summarizes the decision points:

- Refined inertia classes enable more accurate CO2 values. Effect of down-weighting
would be better represented
- a stepless function with a tolerance does not fit to the US certification system
- steps that would result in CO2 emission changes of less than 1g/km would be
meaningless
- the step function provides an important disincentive to weight increase
- EPA are considering a calculated incentive to weight decrease
A concept with reduced steps in inertia classes is accepted. Steps of 60 kg are in line
with 125 lbs of EPA.

Draft proposal: LabProcICE-034 (to be published on circa soon)

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 11
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 Inertia classes proposal overview
(based on WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-011 by JASIC)
4000
EU・
UN
JAPAN
3500 JPN：
US IWC
⊿IW : 500 kg
US ETW
3000 3000 kg US：
⊿IW : 500 lbs
JPN： (227kg)
2500 ⊿IW : 230 / 250 kg
Inertia Class (kg)

2270 kg

2000
US

EU,UN,JPN：
1500 ⊿IW : 110 / 120 kg
3000 lbs (1360 kg)
JPN
1000 US：
800 kg
⊿IW : 250 lbs
EU,UN,JPN： (113kg)
500 ⊿IW : 55 / 60 kg
455 kg
EU/JPN EU/JPN
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting
Reference Weight (kg)
slide 12
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.4) Work in Progress – road load determination
• Separate Annex [9] incl.:
- RLD
- Reproduction on Chassis Dynamometer
- Table of running resistances

• gtr basis: ISO 10521-1 & 2

Next Steps: take into account the results of the following paper
Road load determination Representative road load test procedure [WLTP-
DTP-LabProcICE-029-RLD presentation STA T&E]

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 13
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 1.5) Improvements in CO2 representativity/
reproducibility:
Already taken into account
• tightening of tolerances
• interval of calibration frequency
• tightening of instrument specifications
Next Steps: take into account the results of the following papers
• Factors influencing NEDC CO2 emissions during type approval of
passenger cars By order of the Federal Environment Agency
Germany (UBA) [WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-023-CO2_WLTP_UBA]
• Road load determination Representative road load test procedure
[WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-029-RLD presentation STA T&E]
• Study of JRC on influence of temperature of lab and soak on CO2
announced by EU Comm

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting slide 14

LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 Overview

1) State of the working progress

1.1) Course of action
1.2) Approach to develop the DTP proposal
1.3) Meetings since June GRPE 2010
1.4) Work in progress
1.5) Improvements in CO2 representativity/
reproducibility

2) List of the open issues

3) Planning of the next steps / Outlook

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 15
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 2) List of open issues – Test Room and Soak area
temperature (1/2)

There is an ongoing discussion about the test room and soak area
temperature during the WLTP DTP ICE workshops.

Current situation: JP, ECE, US: 20-30 °C and GTR 2 & 4: 25 ± 5 °C

LabProcICE proposal: setpoint (25 ± 5) °C

Pros Cons
harmonization with gtr’s not representative for some regions
technical feasible in the laboratories
worldwide
improved reproducibility by set point
acceptable labour conditions for
operators
DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting
slide 16
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 2) List of open issues – Test Room and Soak area
temperature (2/2)
Alternative proposal (by European Commission) for lower temperature,
e.g. 22°C
Problem: Lack of data to estimate the impact of temperature on
measurement result
LabProcICE unable to decide on the issue.
Open issue needs decision before the beginning of the correlation
test.
Next steps:
1) Detailed and data supported counterproposal from COM needed.
2) advice by DTP or political decision by GRPE expected before start of
the correlation measurements

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 17
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 2) List of open issues – Method for substraction of
pollutant mass in intake air
Proposal for advanced CVS-method for measuring low pollutant mass with high
accuracy introduced by experts (Method for subtraction of pollutant mass in intake
air (WLTP-DTP-LabProcICE-020))

Next steps:
a)Technical evaluation of the advanced method by experts of other dtp subgroups (Is
the method applicable for additional pollutant, PM/PN and EV requirements?)

b) political discussion of the definition of exhaust emission necessary:

standard CVS method: determination of gross tailpipe emissions
(molecules generated / transformed in combustion processes + ambient background
aspirated by the engine)
vs.
advanced CVS method: net amount of pollutants added to the atmosphere
by the vehicle (molecules generated / transformed in combustion processes)
and improved precision for all non-stochiometric engine concepts through
determination of real dilution ratio (DR)

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 18
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 Different meanings of the word „background“
as a contribution to mass

Background
Background 11
diluent
diluent air
air
Background
Background 22
Background
Background 44 from
from mixing
mixing point
point
Intake
Intake air
air from
from room
room to point of sampling
to point of sampling

Background
Background 33 Background
Background 55
inside
inside transfer
transfer tube
tube Artifacts
Artifacts on
on Filter
Filter

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 19
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 Different meanings of the word
„background“ as a contribution to mass
Background
Background 11 All constituents are important including CH4, N2O for the near future
Diluent
Diluent air
air

Background
Background 22 at point of sampling means there are some left overs, contaminations of THC, 
from
from mixing
mixing point
point PM, PN inside the surface of tubes an pipes
to
to point
point of
of sampling
sampling

Background
Background 33 Left overs, contamination of PM, PN, H2O and THC are important, with the option ‐
inside
inside transfer
transfer tube
tube Cap end of tube

Background
Background 44 All constituents are important including CH4, N2O for the near future
Intake
Intake air
air from
from room
room

Background
Background 55 Filter material gains weight from something unknown called artifacts, 
Artifacts
Artifacts on
on Filter
Filter just in air or other gases

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 20
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 2) List of open issues – certification issues
No Item Description Note gtr task
1 Family criteria Criteria which the Ideally yes, if time
( Emission) representative data permits (DTP top
cover the group. level responsibility)
2 Family criteria Ideally yes, if time
( Fuel Economy / permits (DTP top
CO2 ) level responsibility)
3 Family criteria Ideally yes, if time
( Road Load ) permits (DTP top
level responsibility)
4 Test Vehicle Vehicle condition of aim: worst case, Ideally yes, if time
Selection representative data. connected with family criteria permits (DTP top
( Emission ) level responsibility)
5 Test Vehicle aim: Ideally yes, if time
Selection worst/best/representative?, permits (DTP top
( Fuel Economy / connected with family criteria level responsibility)
CO2 )
6 Test Vehicle e.g. aerodynamic aim: Ideally yes, if time
Selection bodywork type worst/best/representative?, permits (DTP top
( Road Load ) connected with family criteria level responsibility)

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 21
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 2) List of open issues – certification issues
No Item Description Note gtr task
7 Vehicle Test / Definition of test weight needs to be defined for test weight: yes;
Reference calculated part(s) & validation test in 4th quarter of 2011 reference weight (short
Weight weight for testing. term): no, (long term):
(Emission / Fuel to be decided
Economy / CO2
/ Road Load)
8 Tire Selection Already discussed in ICE sub-Gr, Ideally yes, but final
and will make draft proposal…(may decision depends on
combine with item #4-6?) available technical
proposals and
acceptance by other
parties
9 Tire Condition Criteria for valid tire Already discussed in ICE sub-Gr, yes
condition. (e.g. Sweden/T&E and will make draft (labProcICE)
Tred depthÆ 0 to proposal…
50%)
10 Test Fuel Already considered in RF sub-Gr. yes
(RF)
11 Number of tests Already discussed in ICE sub-Gr. yes
(LabProcICE)

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 22
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 2) List of open issues – Definitions

It is necessary that the definitions and the procedures fit together?

Who will take care of this topic?

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting slide 23

LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 3) Planning of the next steps / Outlook

Next Informal meeting of WLTP DPT ICE lab proc

Feb 2011
March 2011
May 2011

exact date and Location t.b.d.

3rd quarter of 2011: begin validations tests with new test

procedure

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting slide 24

LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011
 Thanks for your attention.
LabProcICE contact:
Béatrice Lopez de Rodas - beatrice.lopez(at)utac.com
Werner Kummer - werner.kummer(at)audi.de
Stephan Redmann – stephan.redmann(at)bmvbs.bund.de

DTP Subgroup WLTP 4th DTP Meeting

slide 25
LabProcICE Geneva 12.01.2011