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Распиновка USB распиновки разъемов на материнской плате

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USB (Universal Serial Bus) designed to connect

peripherals such as mice, keyboards, scanners,
4 pin USB A
4 pin USB A digital cameras, printers, hard disks, and
receptacle connector
plug connector networking components to PC. It has become
the standard connection method for wide
variety of devices.

Universal
Serial Bus
(USB) is
an Статус распиновки:
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12 сопутствующих
распиновок
Распиновка: Mini-USB
connector of cell phones
Распиновка: Micro-USB
connector
interface to establish communication between Распиновка: Apple
devices and a host controller (usually personal iPhone (1G, 3G, 3GS, 4,
computer). Nowdays USB has replaced a variety 4S) Dock cable connector
of earlier PC interfaces (such as RS-232 serial, Распиновка: Micro-USB
parallel port, and even FireWire). Due to the connector
ability to supply power to the preipheral Распиновка: Nokia
devices USB is often used as a power charger Micro USB connector and
cable
for portable devices.
Распиновка: Micro-USB
An USB system architecture consists of a host mobile
controller, a USB ports, and multiple connected phone/smartphone cable
connector
devices. Additional USB hubs may be included
allowing branching into a tree structure with up Распиновка: Mini-USB
charging cable
to five tier levels. USB can connect computer
peripherals such as mice, keyboards, digital Распиновка: HTC
ExtUSB charger
cameras, PDA, mobile phones, printers, personal

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media players, Media Transfer Protocol (MTP) Распиновка: HTC

devices, flash drives, GPS, Network Adapters, ExtUSB
and external hard drives. For many of those Распиновка: Sony
devices, USB has become the standard DSC-W310 USB cable
connection method. Распиновка: USB
header internal connector
USB interface aimed to remove the need for Распиновка: eSATA
adding expansion cards into the computer's PCI USB hybrid (EUHP)
or PCI-Express bus, and improve plug-and-play external connector
capabilities by allowing devices to be hot
swapped or added to the system without 4 DIY устройства
rebooting the computer.

The USB Pinout: 2 источников

информации
USB Implementers
Cable Forum
Pin Name Description
color
Wikipedia
1 VCC Red +5 VDC Распиновка одной
картинкой:USB
2 D- White Data -

3 D+ Green Data +
click to enlarge

4 GND Black Ground

USB connectors
There are several types of USB connectors. The
connector mounted on the host or device is
called the receptacle, and the connector
attached to the cable is called the plug. The
original USB specification detailed Standard-A
and Standard-B plugs and receptacles. Nowdays
there are 7 USB connectors known: Standard-A,
Standard-B, Mini-A, Mini-B , Micro-A, Micro-AB,
Micro-B, Type-C. Mini-USB pinout and Micro-USB
pinout are slightly different: standard USB uses
4 pins while Mini-USB and Micro-USB uses 5
pins in connector. The additional pin is used as
an attached device presence indicator.

USB pinout signals

USB is a serial bus. It uses 4 shielded wires:
two for power (+5v & GND) and two for

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differential data signals (labelled as D+ and D-

in pinout). NRZI (Non Return to Zero Invert)
encoding scheme used to send data with a
sync field to synchronise the host and receiver
clocks. In USB data cable Data+ and Data-
signals are transmitted on a twisted pair. No
termination needed. Half-duplex differential
signaling helps to combat the effects of
electromagnetic noise on longer lines. Contrary
to popular belief, D+ and D- operate together;
they are not separate simplex connections. USB
2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5
meters for devices running at Hi Speed.

USB transfer modes

Univeral serial bus supports Control, Interrupt,
Bulk and Isochronous transfer modes.

USB interfaces specifications.

There are some major USB versions known
nowdays:

USB 1.0 - Low Speed or Full Speed

released in 1996.
Specifies data rates of 1.5 Mbit/s (Low-
Bandwidth, is mostly used for Human Input
Devices (HID) such as keyboards, mouses,
joysticks and often the buttons on higher speed
devices such as printers or scanners) and 12
Mbit/s (Full-Bandwidth).
nowadays is still used used by some devices
that don't need faster data transfer rates.

USB 2.0 - High Speed

released in 2000
in addition to USB 1.0 adds signaling rate of 480
Mbit/s (Hi-Speed)
compatible with USB 1.0, but some hardware
designed for USB 2.0 may not work with USB
1.0 host controllers.

USB 3.0 - SuperSpeed

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released in 2008
added transmission rates up to 5 Gbit/s
(SuperSpeed)
USB 3.1 released in 2013 added SuperSpeed+
transmission rate up to 10 Gbit/s
USB 3.2 released in 2017 added SuperSpeed+
transmission rate up to 20 Gbit/s and multi-link
modes
USB 1.0 and USB 2.0 shares same connector
pinout, USB 3.0 pinout and USB Type C
features new connectors with their own pinouts.

An USB device must indicate its speed by

pulling either the D+ or D- line high to 3.3
volts. These pull up resistors at the device end
will also be used by the host or hub to detect
the presence of a device connected to its port.
Without a pull up resistor, USB assumes there
is nothing connected to the bus.

In order to help user to identify maximum

speed of device, a USB device often specifies
its speed on its cover with one of the USB
special marketing logos.

When the new device first plugs in, the host

enumerates it and loads the device driver
necessary to run it. The loading of the
appropriate driver is done using a PID/VID
(Product ID/Vendor ID) combination supplied by
attached hardware. The USB host controllers
has their own specifications: UHCI (Universal
Host Controller Interface), OHCI (Open Host
Controller Interface) with USB 1.1, EHCI
(Enhanced Host Controller Interface) is used
with USB 2.0.

USB powered devices

The USB connector provides a single 5 volt
wire from which connected USB devices may
power themselves. A given segment of the bus
is specified to deliver up to 500 mA. This is
often enough to power several devices,
although this budget must be shared among all

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devices downstream of an unpowered hub. A

bus-powered device may use as much of that
power as allowed by the port it is plugged
into.

Bus-powered hubs can continue to distribute

the bus provided power to connected devices
but the USB specification only allows for a
single level of bus-powered devices from a bus-
powered hub. This disallows connection of a
bus-powered hub to another bus-powered hub.
Many hubs include external power supplies
which will power devices connected through
them without taking power from the bus.
Devices that need more than 500 mA or higher
than 5 volts must provide their own power.

When USB devices (including hubs) are first

connected they are interrogated by the host
controller, which enquires of each their
maximum power requirements. However, seems
that any load connected to USB port may be
treated by operating system as device. The
host operating system typically keeps track of
the power requirements of the USB network
and may warn the computer's operator when a
given segment requires more power than is
available and may shut down devices in order
to keep power consumption within the available
resource.

USB power usage:

Power
Specification Current Voltage
(max)

Low-power device 100 mA 5V 0.50 W

Low-power
SuperSpeed (USB 150 mA 5V 0.75 W
3.0) device

High-power device 500 mA 5V 2.5 W

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High-power
SuperSpeed (USB 900 mA 5V 4.5 W
3.0) device

Battery Charging
1.5 A 5V 7.5 W
(BC) 1.2

1.5 A 5V 7.5 W
Type-C
3A 5V 15 W

Power Delivery 2.0

3A 20 V 60 W
Micro-USB

Power Delivery 2.0

5A 20 V 100 W
Type-A/B/C

To recognize Battery Charging, a dedicated

charging port places a resistance not exceeding
200 Ω across the D+ and D− terminals.

Dedicated charger mode:

A simple USB charger should incorporate 200

Ohm resistor between D+ and D- wires
(sometimes shortcircuit D+ and D- together is
enough). The device will then not attempt to
transmit or receive data, but can draw up to
1.8A, if the supply can provide it.

USB voltage:
Supplied voltage by a host or a powered hub
ports is between 4.75 V and 5.25 V. Maximum
voltage drop for bus-powered hubs is 0.35 V
from its host or hub to the hubs output port.
All hubs and functions must be able to send
configuration data at 4.4 V, but only low-power
functions need to be working at this voltage.
Normal operational voltage for functions is
minimum 4.75 V.

USB cable shielding:

Shield should only be connected to Ground at
the host. No device should connect Shield to
Ground.

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USB cable wires:

Shielded:
Data: 28 AWG twisted
Power: 28 AWG - 20 AWG non-twisted

Non-shielded:
Data: 28 AWG non-twisted
Power: 28 AWG - 20 AWG non-twisted

Power Gauge Max length

28 0.81 m

26 1.31 m

24 2.08 m

22 3.33 m

20 5.00 m

Источник(и) этой и дополнительной информации: USB Specification v1.0 at USB Implementers Forum, "USB
in a Nutshell"
Последнее обновление 2018-04-27 21:49:23.
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