Instrument Transformer Test Set Calibration using Digital Sampling

' ' ' ' ' t

A. M. Ribeiro Franco , R. M. Debatin , P. C. O. Vitorio , M. A. Soares , V. R. Lima and E. Toth
'
National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology - Inmetro
amfranco@inmetro.gov.br
t In Memorian

Abstract - This paper describes the procedure to calibrate II. STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM
Instrument Transformer Test Set (ITTS) at power line frequency
using digital sampling techniques with two commercial Two voltage signals with preset RMS values and phase
multimeters (Agilent 3458A). A power source generates the difference are generated by a power source, model 6100A of
nominal values of voltage and phase shift between them. The FLUKE, and evaluated by the ITTS calibration system (ICS).
developed software calculates the RMS values of voltages and
The generated voltage signals simulate the secondary voltages
their shift phases.
of both the reference PT and the PT under test and are applied
Index Terms - ITTS, calibration, sampling methods, ratio
calibration, phase calibration.
to the N and X inputs of the ITTS, respectively. The
components and the connections of the ITTS calibration
system are shown in Fig 2.
I. INTRODUCTION
The calibration of an instrument potential transformer (PT)
is commonly performed in a system composed of a standard
potential transformer and an Instrument Transformer Test Set
(ITIS) [1]. Basically, the ratio error (E) and phase shift (8) are
determined by direct comparison between the secondary Ins
voltages of the PT under test and the standard PT. It is 1tI=====::::;+==1 x
supposed that both PT's have the same rated ratio. Once the
reference PT is assumed to be ideal and without error, the
ITTS directly shows the ratio error and phase shift of the PT
under test as the difference of the two secondary voltages in ICS
terms of module and phase, respectively. The calibration of
PT can also be accomplished with a High Voltage Ratio
Measuring System (Standard Voltage Divider) which basically
comprises a Capacitive Voltage Divider (CVD) ClIC2 and a
High Precision Electronic Voltage Divider (EVD) with high
accuracy. The calibration circuit of instrument potential
transformer is shown in Fig. 1.
d�vic� .stendard
U volu.J;.
und�r
instrument voltil"e divider
t • .s.t tr lraform l ' lI
v r ------ - - -I
I

i r-<-,;/=r, �"C.=- 1
V I .-�t.l Ti Fig. 2. ITTS Calibration S ystem .
V L.�--·---irJ I ..!...
1 1
L...__
.. -+_+-__-+_-+-+- ____I1____ -' - -- ..... -1 C2
1
I
:
I
-______1 I
-
1 The digital multimeters DVMl and DVM2, model Agilent
3458A, are used to measure the voltage in DCV digitization
Instrument mode. The synchronization of sampling on both multimeters is
transformer ensured by the interconnection of external output of DVMl
teste set (ITIS)
and trigger input of DVM2 (C). When one multi meter takes a
voltage sample, it emits a pulse, forcing the other multimeter
to measure its voltage signal, taking a sample at the same
time, in a "master-slave" relationship, as shown in [2]. The
voltages VI and V2 are reduced by voltage dividers
(DIVIDER), to 6 V, so that both multimeters operate in the 10
Fig. 1. Calibration circuit of instrument potential transformer.
V range for better accuracy.

978-1-4673-0442-9/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE 290

 III. PROGRAM IMPLEMENT AnON Table 2. Calibration results of ITIS in Phase Shift with 100 V

The program was written in C language, in the environment Applied Phase

of Lab Windows/CVI (product of National Instruments). Shift for N= 0' 8 u(O)
Figure 3 shows the user interface panel and the result of the () ' () ' () '

latter measurement. In each option it is possible to adjust 0,000 0,01 0.10

several parameters used in the algorithms [3)[4]. The RMS -2,000 -1,98 0,10
voltage values and the phase shift between them are shown in 2,000 2,02 0,10
this panel at the end of the measurement, as shown in Fig. 3.
V. CONCLUSION
Yl Teste de Transformadores autoJla do INMETROJLAPEN Ver 01 I!!I�EI
A calibration system for instrument transformer test sets has
.. 199 989261 V been described. With this method, any ratio error and phase
• 100.00021 V shift can be calibrated independently of set points and the
<p 1-03269681 or ITIS operating principles.
f 59.9984 1 H, In the present stage of development the control of the
voltage source and the divider is done manually. Later, it will

o
be implemented a fully automated system that will facilitate
the calibrations.

Ond�

·1
H�m8nicos Repet�i5es REFERENCES
Ns'o-senoldal �I VN ��.' ..J
16 32 6'
[I) "Automatic Instrument Transformer Test Set Tettex 2767".
Anal Harm 1
.... Subharm6nico$ r vx @ 22 �� .II [[$:f�ijI!I .. Documentation Tettex Instruments.
Parametros I Conteudo I Maior Re$�kI r
[2) E.Toth, A. M. R Franco, R M. Debatin, "Power and Energy
Reference System, applying Dual Channel Sampling", IEEE
Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 54, No.
Fig. 3. User Interface of the software "Teste de Transformadores".
1. pp. 404-408. February 2005.
[3] A. M R. Franco, E. T6th, R. M. Debatin, R. Prada, "Development
of a power analyzer", IIth IMEKO TC-4 Symposium on Trends
IV. MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY
In Electrical Measurements and Instrumentation" pp. 168-172,
Contribution to the errors of all components is known Lisbon 200 1.
[4] A. M. R. Franco, E. T6th, R.M. Debatin, R. S. Ribeiro e B. C.
and/or calculable and is applied as correction. Uncertainties
Couto, "A power measurement system under non-sinusoidal
were thoroughly analyzed following the directives of the loads", 16th IMEKO TC-4 Symposium on Trends In Electrical
ISO/BIPM GUM [5], as well as applying partially the Measurements and Instrumentation" , Florence, Italy 2008.
suggestions of [6]. Taking into account all contributions, [5] Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement.
expanded uncertainty of the calibrations, applying coverage Corrected and Reprinted Edition. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO,
1995
factor of k=2, remains within ± 0,0014% and ± 0,06', to
[6) A. M. RFranco, "Desenvolvimento de urn Analisador de
measure both ratio error and phase shift, respectively. Potencia" Dissertation of Master's Degree. PUC-RJ. February
Some measurements were performed in an ITTS of the 200 1.
transformer laboratory of Inmetro in ratio error and phase
shift. The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The
standard uncertainties associated with the reference values are
listed in the third column.

Table I. Calibration results of ITIS in 1: I ratio.

Applied Voltage E U(E)

(V) (%) (%)
10 0,0029 0,0015
40 0,0017 0,0014
100 0,0022 0,0014
140 0,0017 0,0014

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