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    © All Rights Reserved
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    15 views22 pages

    Navy Aqualung

    Uploaded by

    JD

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 22
    D-C. AQUA-LUNG UNDERWATER BREATHING APPARATUS SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 GENERAL 1.2 This instruction manual comprises in- stallation, operation, maintenance, and repair information, with an illustrated parts break- down, for Aqua-Lung underwater breathing apparatus, part No. 0669-00, manufactured by U.S. Diver Co, Santa Ana, Calif 18 FUNCTION AND PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT 14 The Aqua-Lung (fig. D-8) is a solf- contained, regulated, compressed-air breathing mechanism, for use on underwater missions. Prolonged immersion is made possible by the compressed-air supply stored in two high-pres- sure, preaged, aluminum air eylinders. The air cylinders are rechangeable from any convenient ai-pressure source that is properly filtered and delrumicified for underwater breathing use. The air supply to the diver from the air cylinder is controlled by an automatic two-stage. demand. type regulator, and delivered to the diver through neoprene air hose and mouthpiece. Low-magnetic-effects materials, meeting the re- quirements of Military Specification MIL-M- 19595, are used in the Aqua-Lung. WARNING ‘Replacement parts for equipment covered in this manual shall be requisitioned only from Ships Parts Control Conter, Mechaniesburg, Pa, Requests shall specify purts to be ‘antimagnetic. SECTION 2 DESCRIPTION 21 GENERAL 22 The Aqua-Lung is comprised of two basic units: the demand-regulator assembly (fig. D-9) and the aireylinder assembly (see fig. D-10). The air eylinders are secured together by two aluminum bands, The harness assembly, which provides a means for securing the Aqua-Lung to the diver, is attached to the thvo aluminum bands on the air cylinders. A ceylinder-block manifold assembly connects the air supplies of the two air cylinders. ‘The de- mand-regular assembly is attached to a T the center of the manifold assembly. 23 Demand-Regulator Assembly—The de- mand-regulator assembly is a two-stage mech- anism that reduees the air pressure in the eytinder-block manifold assembly to a breath- able pressure at the mouthpiece of the Aqua- Tang. The first regulation stage reduces the 8,000 psi from the air cylinders to approxi- mately 110 psi. The second regulation stage re- ues the 110-psi pressure to a pressure at the Aqua-Lang mouthpiece equal to the pressure of ‘the surrounding environment. (a) First-stage regulation—When there is no pressure in the demand regulator, the high- pressure (HIP) seat in the regulator is held open by the force of the high-pressure diaphragm spring which is located beneath the high-pres- sure diaphragm. ‘The high-pressure diaphragm is linked mechanically to the high-pressure seat. through a pin support and a pin, A retum spring, also mechanically linked to the high- pressure seat, opposes action of the high-pres- sure diaphragm springs; the diaphragm spring, however, exerts a greater force than does the return spring, and the high-pressure seat nor- rally stays open. When a high-pressure air 551 US. NAVY DIVING MANUAL -Piquue D-S—Aqua-Tang in proper position on diver, is connected to the high-pressure port of the demand regulator (demand regulator eon. nected to cylinder-block manifold assembly of Aqua-Lung), the action shown in figure D: 11(a) occurs: the high-pressure diaphragm is distended, compressing the diaphragm spring and closing the high-pressure seat. The high- pressure seat is positively closed when the pres sure exerted by the supply on the high-pressure diaphragm is 110 psi; at 110 psi, the high-pressure diaphragm spring is suff ciently compressed to permit the high-pressure 352 seat return spring to close the high-pressure seat, (6) Second-stage regulation —The demand regulator box consists of two chambers, sepa- rated by the low-pressure diaphragm ; the low- pressure chamber is an enclosed airtight area, "The water-chamber portion of the box is per- forated to permit water from the surrounding environment to enter. The low-pressure dia- phragm controls the operation of a horseshoe as shown in figure D-11 (6), opening the low-pres: sure valve by overcoming the foree exerted by pe SELF-CONTAINED UNDERWATER BREATHING APPARATUS pc HOSE AND MOUTHPIECE ASSEMBLY Prounr D-0,-Demand regulator and howe and mouthpiee assembly the low-pressure seat spring. If the pressure in the low-pressure chamber is less than that of the surrounding water, the low-pressure diaphragm will deflect: inward, and the low-pressure valve will open, The low-pressure valve will remain ‘open until the pressure in the low-pressure chamber is equal to the pressure in the water chamber. (0) Diver breathing—When the diver in- hales air from the low-pressure chamber of the demand regulator (see fig. D-11(8)), a partial vacuum is ereated in the low-pressure chamber, and the low-pressure diaphragm deflects. in formeXice ward; the Jow-pressure diaphragm forces the EEEP'™" horseshoe to open the low-pressure valve, ad. a mitting enough air to balance the pressure of the surrounding water acting on the water-box side of the low-pressure diaphragm. The low pressure diaphragm will then return to the nor- ial (balanced) position, and the low-pressure seat spring will close the low-pressure valve (see fig. D-11(¢)). 24 Mouthpiece and Breathing-Tube Assem- Fro D-10.—Aie ertinder assembly Dly.—The breathing tube from the low-pressure 553 pe U.S. NAVY DIVING MANUAL pe ae eens Hep. AVES Chai valve Fas nec PRESORE canst oe sox assy are oarrng haa opaesses . IMPARAGM aD Lom paessuat SE SPRING oweRessiRECHANEE ——\OW:ARESSUREDIAPHRAGN BOTT BOK ASST Frovar D1I-(a).—Demand-regulator schematic—high-pressure alr entering inter mediate-pressure area, PRESSURE REDUCED. 1, DAPHRAG SPRING Exp VALVE Se OFS, oreo ae PRESSURE ‘cue iveR ates CAUSING PARTIAL VAC DLAPHRAG ACTUATES HORSESHOE OPEN LP VANE rove D-11(d).—Demand-regulator sehematio—aver inbaling ais 554 b-c SELF-CONTAINED UNDERWATER BREATHING APPARATUS pc ‘ia Heo 14 soo¥ By CPs VALE. SEATING ‘tows spainerowou| Crevawectased Fan eo ‘Soiree Ns eee mocoumn—) ) J O Sae< aon sie ahaa | toon buss) GHC PAESSURE CER LOHCPRESSURE DIAPRAGH 1. SEAT SPRING eT span costs YAIVE SEAT HEN. Diana couPaesseo a) — ‘rove D-11(o) —Demand-regulator schematic—frst and second stages of regulator ‘instatic (balanced) configuration. ‘chamber of the demand regulator terminates in ‘8 mouthpiece T; the breathing tube supplies air through the opening of the split-passage mouth. Piece, ‘There are two one-way valves (flapper check valves) in the breathing-tube mouthpiece. During inhalation, the valve in the inhalation side of the mouthpiece opens to allow air to flow to the diver. During exhalation, this valve closes, and the valve in the exhalation side ‘of the mouthpiece opens to allow exhaled air to flow through the exhalation hose to the exhala- tion tube, and then into the opening of the demand regulator box. The one-way valve in the exhaust tube permits the air to escape, but pre- vents water from entering the exhaust ¢ube. 2.5. Oylinder-Block Manifold Assembly (soe fg. D-10)—The eylinder-block manifold as- sembly consists of a shutoff valve, an air-reserve valve, and an elbow plug assembly. The shutof? valve controls the application of full aireylin- der pressure to the demand regulator. Thin, metallic safety disks (one for each air eylinder) are installed in the eylinder-block manifold as- sembly, and are designed to rupture at 3,900-psi air-eylinder pressure, providing a safety factor to prevent air-oylinder damage from excessive pressures, (a). Air-reserve valve—The air-reserve valve is built into an elbow in the eylinder-block mani- fold assembly that connects one of the air cyl- inders tothe shutoff valve, The air-reserve valve serves as a warning and a safety device for the diver. A reserve supply of air is conserved in one of the air eylinders by the air-reserve valve for use by the diver when the main supply of air is nearly exhausted. The pressure in the reserve air cylinder is held at 500 psi as the diver expends the air in the other air cylinder. When the pres- sure drops below 500 psi, the diver will experi- ence dificulty in breathing; this signal warns the diver that only a fraction of the original ‘ir supply remains, The diver can then open the aircreserve valve by pulling down on the pull rod (s0e fig. D-10) on the side of the left air cylinder. The air-reserve valve is a flow-check valve with a manual override, As long as the absolute pressure in the air cylinder to which the air resorve valve is attached remains above 500 psi, flowing air opens the air-reserve valve, When 555, pc U.S. NAVY DIVING MANUAL the air-cylinder pressure drops below 500 psi, spring forees the flow check aguinst a port ori- fice, shutting off the flow of air from the eylin- der. The pressure in this cylinder will then remain at 500 psi, beeanse no air is then being taken from that air cylinder, while tho pressure in the other air cylinder continues to drop dur ing diver breathing. ‘When the diver desires to use the reserve ai supply, he opens the air-reserve valve by pulling ‘on tho rod described above, This action rotates the valve slide lever one-quarter of a turn. This rotation advances a phnger pin, and pushes the flow cheek off the orifice against theaction of the 500-psi spring. The reserve air from the air cylinder which has been held at 500 psi then flows into the other air cylinder until the pres- sure equalizes. Because the plunger pin con- tinnes to hold the flow check open, the entire reserve supply becomes available to the diver. WARNING ‘When the diver experlences diftculty in breath Ing, indicating that atreylinder pressure has

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