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    steam, turbin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    8 views17 pages

    Steam Turbine Method of Cooling Steam Turbine and

    Uploaded by

    praditya
    steam, turbin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 17
    2) United States Patent (10) Patent No: US 8,727,705 B2 Tnomata et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 20, 2014 (Si). STEAM TURBINE, METHOD OF COOLING 748906 B27 22007 Sugnstal sists STEAM TURBINE, AND HEAT INSULATING 8,202,037, 62012 Deidewig et a. 4415/1 METHOD FOR STEAM TURBINE (75) Inventors: Asako Inomata, Yokohama (IP); Katsuya Yamashita, Tokyo (P): Kazuhiro Saito, Yokohuma (IP); Takao Inukal, Kawasaki (IP); Kunihiko Wada. ‘Yokohama (JP); Kazutaka Theda, Mitaka JP), Takeo Suga, Yokohama i) (13). Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba, Tokyo (IP) (4) Novice: Subject to any disclaimer, the em ofthis patent is extended oe adjusted under 38 USC. 154) by 772 days (21) Appl Nos 12139,826 (22) Filed: Jul 20,2010 6) Prior Publication Data US2011/033281 AI Feb. 10,2011 0) Foreign Application Priority Data ‘Aug.7,2009 GP) 2009-18406, (1) Inca FOID 12 (200.01) (2) US.cL ste AIS/117; 415/144 419180 ($8) Field of Cassication Search usec 15/116, 117,144, 177-180 See application file for complete search history. (56) References Cited USS. PATENT DOCUMENTS. 2ST 9RS At 06 A TBAT 61 B* 61961 Solzman 91980 Ayacke tal 312008: Phipps el 2009 0280005 AL* 11/2009 Schmitz eta, aus FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS we 6i-001809 A LI9s6 ® 2004169562 8 6/2008 ® oog.as7see 4.2006 @ aogetn%9s1 842006 (OTHER PUBLICATIONS. Offic Acton rcv inthe ltl Japanese Patent Appian No 2009184405, dae Dee. 18,2012. (Office Acton receive inthe elt Chines Pate! Applicaton No, 201010246861 X, dae Feb. 28,2013. * cited by examiner Primary Examiner — Nathaniel Wiehe Assistant Examiner — Woody A Lee. Je (74) Auornes, Agent or Firm —Boley & Lardner LLP on ABSTRACT A steam turbine 10s provided with a double-sracure com prising an inne casing 20 and an outer casing 21. turbine rotor 22, in which plural stages of moving blades 24 are circumferentally implanted, is operatively disposed in inner sing 20, A diaphragm outer ring 25 anda diaphragm inner ring are disposed along te circumferential direction in inner casing 20. Sitionay blades 27 are circumferentally pro- vided between digpliaem outer ring 25 and the diaphragm inner rng, so that diaphregm outer ring 25, the diaphragm ‘nner ring nd stationary blades 27 form astage of stationary blades. The stags of the stationary blades are arranged alter- nately with te slages of moving blades 24 in the axial direc- tion of turbine rotor 22. A cooling medium passage 40 for passing 2 cooling medium CM which is supplied through a supply pipe 4S is formed berweea inner casing 20 and dae phragm outer ring 28. 10 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets 4 SSA y US 8,727,705 B2 Sheet 1 of 7 May 20, 2014 US. Patent { oz bb a US. Patent May 20, 2014 Sheet 2 of 7 US 8,727,705 B2 L24 Fy 4 33 34 4] 26 JL 25—| US. Patent May 20, 2014 Sheet 3 of 7 US 8,727,705 B2 cM 3 FIG. 42 25, 25a! US. Patent May 20, 2014 Sheet 4 of 7 US 8,727,705 B2 [24 23} 5 : a t+ Ss H 9 z__8 rm { f z 2 BR H x 8 US. Patent May 20, 2014 Sheet 5 of 7 US 8,727,705 B2 23 29 \ 34 33 34 FIG. 5 ] Sb 1388 \ i =m Farg 8 y a S T oe 4 fH a 8 iy / / a 8 g US. Patent May 20, 2014 Sheet 6 of 7 US 8,727,705 B2 ZZZZ0F gS 4 g - = 3 g { f 3 + H B g ZS US. Patent May 20, 2014 Sheet 7 of 7 US 8,727,705 B2 eh NR 2. a oO fo} 3 Ww 3 { { mar _8 t o 5 Ht w ¢ 7 x 8 4 J US 8,727,705 B2 1 STEAM TURBINE, METHOD OF COOLING STEAM TURBINE, AND HEAT INSULATING METHOD FOR STEAM TURBINE (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED s APPLICATIONS: ‘This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2009- 184406, led on Aug. 7,2009;theenirecontentsof which are incorporated herein by reference, FIELD Embostiments described herein relate generally toa steam 18 turbine, « method of cooling a steam turbine and a heat insulating method fora steam turbine, and particularly toa steam turbine using high-lemperature steam of about 65010 750° C., a method of cooling a seam turbine and heat insolating method for a steam turbine BACKGROUND From the viewpoint of improving the effcieney of the steam turbine, steam turbine using a main steam of team, having a temperature of about 600°C. has been realized, To farther improve the efficiency ofthe steam turbine, research and development are underway for sting a temperature of| the maia steam of steam w about 650 0 750°C. Since such steam turbine has th main stream of steam of 30 high temperature, itis requnad to use aheat-resistng alloy for some component parts. Bu, the heat-resisting alloy is ‘expensive ais arly fabricated to produce large-size pars, so that the heat-ressting alloy cannot be used for some com poneat pats. portion configured of such component parts. 5 ‘might bave pooe material sength when the team tempera- tures increased oa high lve. Accordingly, as described in, for example, JP-A 2006-104951 (KOKAD), a technology of suppressing material stength from lowering due to 2 high temperature by cooling the component parts which have a high temperature is under study. JP-A 2006-104951 (KOKAD deseribes a technology of ‘cooling. diaphragm outer sng by forming diaphragm outer ring supporting a stationary blade with a cooling passage for flowing cooling steam in a steam turbine having a double- steuctured casing which s comprised of an outer casing and ‘an inner easing Since the stam turbine bas a large casing, i is desirably made of nota heat-esisting alloy bu coaventionally used heatressting sec! from the viewpoint of production costs and production. And, a conventional steam turbine provided witha double-structure casing has diaphragm outer ring for supportinga stationary blade, whichis, for example, arranged parly in contact with an inner casing, so that heat tends to be ‘conducted rom the diaphragm outer ring to te iner easing. And, the conveational stretre of cooling. the diaphragm ‘outer ring isnot easy 10 suficienly cool the inner casing hich tends to have a high temperature inthe double-struc- ture casing BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a eros section (meridional ‘ross section) including the contra axis of @ turbine rotor of| the steam turbine according toa fist embodiment FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section (meridional «ross section) including the central axis of the turbine rotor s 2 ‘orillustating a structure of acooling medium passage ofthe steam turbine according to the first embodiment FIG. 3 isa plan view of a part ofa sido surface on the ddwnsieam side ofa digphragm outer ing in contact with 8 side surface on the upsirea side of a protruded portion when viewed from the downstream side in the axial direction ofthe turbine rotr. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross setion (meridional «ros section) including the central axis fa turbine rotor for illustrating a structure ofa cooling medium passage ofthe steam turbine according to a second embodiment, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a erss setion (meridional ros section) including the central axis fa turbine rotor for illustrating a structure ofa cooling medium passage ofthe steam turbine according to a third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cross setion (meridional «ros section) including the central axis of turbine rotor for iustating a structure ofa cooling medium passage of the steam turbine according to a fourth embodiment, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a cross setion (meridional ros section) including the central axis ofa turbine rotor for ‘lusting a stmeture of heat insulating stmeture of the steam turbine according toa ith embodiment DETAILED DESCRIPTION Ina aspect of embodimeats ther is provided a esi steam turbine provided with a double-sructure casing, and particuaey toa steam turbine capable of suppressing a tem= Pecatre increase in an inner easing, a method of eoolng & Seam turbine and s heat insulating method for a steam tar- bine, In another aspoct of embodiments, there is provided a steam turbine comprising a double-structue easing compris- ing an outer easing and an inner easing; a steam inlet pipe disposed to communicate between an inlet portion of the couler easing and an inlet portion ofthe inner casings a trbine rotor operatively disposed in the ianer easing. the thine rotorisimplanted with plural stages of moving blades plural stages of stationary blades crcumferentally provided between a digphimgm outer ring anda digphragin inner sing, the slages of the stationary blades are arranged alteraately with the stages ofthe moving blades, respectively inthe axial direction of the turbine rotor, a cooling medium passage formed between the inner casing and the diaphmgm outer Fingt low acooling medium; supply pipe that supplies the cooling medium to the cooling medium pessage; and an exhaust passage that guides working ud, which has passed through final stage moving blade, to an outside ofthe outer casing, In another aspect of embodiments, thee is provided a steam turbine comprising a doublestructue easing compris: ing an outer casing and an inner casing; a steam inlet pipe disposed to communicate hetwoen an inlet portion of the outer casing and an inlet portion ofthe inner casings a tebine rotor operatively disposed in the ianer casing. the turbine rotors implanted with plural stages of moving blades; plural stoges of stationary blades cicumferentally provided between a digphagm outer ring anda digphragn inet ting, the stages of the stationary blades are arranged alternately with the stages ofthe moving blades, respectively inthe axial direction ofthe turbine rotor «plurality of proteded portions ‘rcumnfereatially protruded toward an inaee radial direction with respect tothe turbine rotor, each of the protruded por- tions respectively coresponds with each ofthe turbine sta- tionary blades, and an exhaust passage that guides a working ‘uid, which has passed through a final stage moving blade, 0 US 8,727,705 B2 3 anoutside ofthe outer easing. Here, an upstream side sure ‘ofeach of the protruded portions contacts witha downstream side surface of each of the diaphragm outer rings, rspee- tively; and w heat insulting structure ie provided sat least ‘one ofthe upstream side surfae of the protruded portion and the downstream side surface ofthe diaphragm outer ring. Tn another aspost of embodiments, there is provided a method of cooling # steam turbine comprising a double- structure casing comprising an outer easing and an inner ‘easing; a steam inlet pipe disposed to communicate between ‘aninlet portion ofthe outer casing and an inlet portion ofthe inaer easing: a turbine rotor operatively disposed in the inner ‘casing, the turbine rotor is implanted with plural stages of| moving blades; plural stages of stationary blades circumfer- ‘entially provided hetween a digphrogin outer ring and a dia phragm inner ring, the stages of the stationary lades are arranged altemately with the stages of the moving blades, respectively inthe axial direction ofthe turbine rotor and an ‘exhaust passage ti guidesa working uid, which has passed through final staze moving blade, fo an outside ofthe outer 2 ‘esing, wherein the inner casing andthe diaphragm outer ring are direily coled by introducing a cooling medium into a ‘cooling medium passage formed between the inner easing and the diaphragm outer ring through a supply pipe. Another aspect of embodiments, there is provided a heat insulating method fora steam turbine comprising a double structure easing comprising an outer easing and sn inner ‘easing: a steam inlet pipe disposed to communicate between ‘an inlet portion ofthe outer easing and an inlet portion ofthe inner easing; a turbine rotor operatively disposed in the inner casing, the turbine rotor is implanted with plural stages of| ‘moving blades; plural stages of stationary blades circumfer- ‘entially provided between a dish outer ring and a dia- phragm inner ring, the stages of the stationary blades are arranged altemately with each ofthe stages of the moving blades. respectively in the axial direction ofthe turbine roto: a plurality of protrude portions circumerentally protruded toward an inner redial direction with respect to the turbine rotor, eachof the protrude portions respectively corresponds ‘withthe stages of the turbine stationary blades, wherein an upstream side surface of each of the protruded portions con- tacts witha downstream side surface of eachot the diaphragm ‘outer rings, respectively; and an exhaust passage that gules «a working Mi which has passed through final stage mov- ing blade, to an outside ofthe outer casing, wherein a heat insulating teveture provided atleast one ofthe upsteam side surface of the protuded portion and the downstream side surface ofthe diaphragm outer ring, to block the transfer of heat fom the diapheagm outer ring to the protruded portion, Embodiments are described with reference to the draw- ings, which are provided for lusration only and donot Fmt the present invention in any aspect. ‘One embodiment is described below with reference to FIGS, 1103 First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section (meridional ‘ross section) including the central axis of turbine rotor 22 ‘of s steam turbine 10 according toa first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the seam turbine 10s provid with ‘adouble-structure casing which comprises an inner casing 20 ‘and an outer casing 2 disposedoutside fit, And, de turbine rotor 22 is operatively disposed within and through the inner ‘casing 20, Plural moving blades 24 are circunterentally implanted in rotor disk 28 ofthe turbine rotor 22 to contig- ‘ue a moving blade cascade (eg. a stage of the moving s 4 Blades). Thismoving bade cascade omen lal ages inthe axial detionof te mbine oto 22. The turbine rotor 22 is rotatably supported by an unshown rotor bearing. apr otter ing 28 an daphrgm inner ring 26 are disposed along the ccumfreialdireton within the nner ensing 2, Pl tansy blades 27 ae eicamforen- tially provided and supported between the diaphragm outer ting 2 andthe phragm imer ing 26t0 congue a stator Blade cascade eq a ste ofthe turbine staonary Made) This stor Blade cascade is sllrstlyaranged with the inovingbade cascade inp stagesinthe axial dition of the turbine rotor 2 form plural turbine tages comprising stor bide cascade and moving blade asa. Hers the diaphram outer ing 25nd the diaphram inner ing 26 are configure ito a eyliadia shape by combining to sei= extn members. Therefore, both ens of the semiyin- drial members, which become horizontal plane, have ‘lange porion (oot shown) for fixing the somieylindcl tenets by muta combining then. ‘ proinided portion 28 is eireumferenally proud sonar an inner ral reton with respect othe ental ani of tho turbine rotor 22, Prone portion 28 circum ferential format onthe inser sac othe nee sing 2, Prt prtion 2s formed in pra nthe ail ceton oftheturinertor22Fachot poeded portions 28, respec- tively, conesponds wth the cath ofthe stages of th trie stationary bade, eg the stor blade cascade. An upstream fie sre 28a, which is side sure leat on te {pseu silo th proud portion 28,8 in contac with dbvensteam sie srfce 282, which aside surface lee onthe dwnstesn sie ofthe diaphragm tring Ths thedianhgm outer ring 28 is aang sch that he dow steam side sree 280 on the downstem sid ofthe dit play outer ing 28s contactedtothe upstream side surface Bao ofthe protded potion 28, to prevent the diaphragm oer 25am movingo the downstream side in thea dintin ofthe bin oor 2. labyrinth sel potion 29s provided on he diaphragm inner ing 26on te side ofthe turbine rotor 22 o prove ‘eam om leaking betwee th ihm inner ing and the turbine rotor 22. The labyrinth sal portion 29 has structive nto lira. forexample ih sector inthe cicaéretl direction so obese in the ecu catia deton wo ino the groove peton formed i the inner crcunfeence of te diphrgm ar ing 26 ‘Thesteam chine 1sprovied witha sea ket pipe in which steam snide from oti, to commit aialet portion 2Ia ofthe ouercasing 21 and an net peton 20a of theme casng 20 And he nner surface of te inlet orton 20 ofthe inner esng 2 is provided witha seal ing io seabetweenthe inner casing 20 andthe steam net pipe En “he inst portion 200 ofthe inner casing 20 is provid with nozzle box 32. One et ofthe nozzle box 32 is con- tected to communicate with th steam int pipe 3nd the cher end ofthe nozle box 32 namely the outs conige ted witha stator ld cncade ving fis stage stony blade 27 “The tam turbine 10s provided with an exaust possge (ootshown) which guides th stem, whichisa working hd having pss teal stage of moving bide 24 afer Rowing through aemately the stator blade cascades andthe moving bade cascade inthe ner casing 20 while performing th expansion work, fom th ini of the ime easing 200 outs. "A coling medium passage 40 for allowing a cooling mnem CM is formed bewoon the inner easing 20 he US 8,727,705 B2 5 iphragm outer ring 2S. And, the cooling medium passage ‘40is provided witha supply pipe 48 for supplying the cooling medium CMs shown in FIG. 1. The supply pipe 4Sis formed through the outer casing 21 with its one end fied into a through hole formed in the inne casing 20. Fee, the supply Pipe 48 is disposed to suply the cooling medium CM tothe ‘cooling medium passage 40 of the third turbine stage, but its position isnot Hinitd toi. As the cooling medium CM, the steam extracted from another steam turbine, the steam discharged from another steam turbine, the steam exteated from the boiler andor the like canbe used, When te steam turbine 1 san intermedi- ae-pressure urine, the steam extracted from, forexample, high-pressure turbine canbe useds the cooling medium CM, ‘When the steam turbine 10 isa high-pressure turbine, the steam extracted fom, forexample, a boiler can be usedas the ‘cooling medium CM. ‘The cooling medium CM is preferably set toa temperature at which larg thermal stress isnot eased in the pats such asthe inner casing 20 andthe diaphragm outer ring 25 10 be ‘cooled. Here asa temperature at which a large thermal stress is not generated, itis preferably determined to bea tempera- ture about $0 to 150° C. lowe than the temperatures of the inner casing 20 and the diaphragm outer ring 25 ina statenot being cooled. And, supply pressure o the cooling medium. ‘CMs preferably a pressurat a level that fr example, inthe cooling medium passage 40 shown in FIG. 1, the cooling medium CM can flow to the downstream side cht side in FIG. 1) through the cooking medium passage 40 (see an aerow in FIG. 1) and tothe cooling medium passage 40 comrespond- ing to the final turbine stage. In addition, the supply pressure ‘ofthe cooling medium CM is preferably a pressure ata level ‘capable of flowing the cooling medium CM through the cool- ing medium passage 40 to the upstream side (Left side in FIG, 1) (#e an arrow in FIG. 1, flowing between the steam inet Pipe 30 sealed by the seal ring 31 and the iner surface of the inlet potion 20g ofthe inner casing 20, and wing ito the space between the inner casing 20 and the outer casing 24 Here a pressure loss, namely a passage resistance, in the passage when the cooling medium CM is flown to the upstream side (lef sde in FIG. 1) and downstream side (right, side in FIG. 1) of the cooling medium passage 40 is sppro- Priately determined by adjusting a passage eross-sctional ‘area of gap portion 4 formed between the inner surface of| the inaer easing 20 and the outer susface of the diaphragm ‘outer ring 25 and of the groove portion 42 forme in the ‘downstream side surface 0 ofthe dihragm outer ring 2, Here, the inner sueface of inner casing 20 includes both side surfaces and aa inner citcumnferental surface of protruded portion 28, The outer surface of diaphragm outer ring 25 includes an outer circumferential surface and both side sue- faces. As showin in FIG. 1 its preferable o dispose a cooling medium leakage preventing member 33 circumferentialy bexween the mutually adjaceat diaphragm outer rings 28 10 proven! the cooling medium CM Irom owing trom the gap hotwoon the mutually adjacent diaphragm outer rings 28 into the passage where a main stream of steam flows. This cooling medium leskage preventing member 33 is made of, for ‘example the same heat resisting material as that forming the

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