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The logging and manufacturing processes are ‘pected to conform to the environmental regulations ofthe country origin. introduction a1 06 Bau nacnopr, noxanyiicral ‘your passport, please! 1 + responding to requests for personal information and identification + using some forms of courtesy meta sopyr Mpa I'm called Ira 2 * giving further information about yourself + requesting such information from others TAP spec Tenetpor? where's the telephone? 24 + asking for and giving directions * using some more forms of courtesy ‘SAecb MOxHO oTorpacbuposate? 7 ‘may one take photographs here? + asking/stating whether something is permitted ornot + asking/stating whether something is possible, impossible or necessary ‘eKonbKo GToMT? how much is it? 49 + asking for and giving simple information about cost and avalabilty + using futher ways of describing where things are AAnpepnounrao nnasare Iprefer to swim 61 ® taking about likes and dislikes + asking people about their preferences $}]U9}]U09 =o7 09 ta ntovte at the post office n * requesting information about cost, avaiabilty and necessity «giving information about cost, availabilty and necessity ‘270 mecTo cBoSoRHO? is this place free? 84 + obtaining information about avalabity, variety and cost + placing an order * indicating that a mistake has been made + apologizing for a mistake BO CKONEKO OTXOAHT noesA? when does the train leave? 8 + asking and taling the time «asking and answering questions about particular times «requesting and giving information about travel No cpepaM 1 O6BIEHO .. on Wednesdays | usually. 112 «talking and asking about dally and weekty routine «asking for and giving information about age * talking about days ofthe week + expressing approximation with regard to time ‘To aaBHeMT OF norogBt ‘t depends on the weather 124 + talking about future actions and intentions * giving and seeking information about the weather Vpa noma? és fra at home? 1 138 * holding a conversation on the telephone (how to identify yourselt, ask for the person you want fo speak to and how to deal with wrong numbers) * talking about past events and actions ve Hy HHO K Bpauy? must I go to the doctor's?180 + saying how you feel + asking others how they feel 15 16 7 18 * ‘seeking and giving advice * talking about necessity ‘camTep TeGe oven ugét the sweater really suits you 163 «talking about clothes and appearance * asking for advice about size and colour * expressing simple comparisons and negatives © ANEM poxpenual happy birthday! 178 « talking about dates * saying when and where you were born and state your age ‘© asking other people about their age, place and date of birth * greet people on special occasions Goino Ger nyse... twould be better... 194 + expressing your opinion about arrangements and events * indicating preference in arangements * expressing hopes and intentions about arrangements: ‘© making hypothetical statements + expressing statements contrary to fact anaii sarnavem 8 Gropo nytewecraMis let's pop into the travel agent's 207 * talking about holidays and holiday accommodation + talking about what is best and most ‘comfortable * giving more information in the negative ‘To cnysmnoce? what happened? 219 © asking what has heppened * reporting on what has happened and what has been said asking what is wrong ‘+ expressing concem and purpose ‘enacu6o 3a nichio thank you forthe leer 282 «presenting formal and informal letters in Russian® reporting what people have asked « further expressing feelings and opinions 2 pwesncaiire K Ham ons! come and see us again! 246 + using futher expressions involving possession and self + using numerals in a more detailed way «using other ways of expressing appreciation and thanks appendix 1: grammar appendix 2: pronunciation key to the exercises ‘Russian-English vocabulary English-Russian vocabulary index to grammar points SB8sg8 Acknowledgements ‘The author and publishers would like to thank Irina Vorobyova, Elena Selyanina, Tanya Shlyakhtenko-Deck, Frank Beardow and Dr Michael Ransome for their invaluable advice, criticism and suggestions. They would also like to thank VAAP for permission to reproduce material from: Literatumaia gazeta, Pravda, Puteshestvie v SSSR. Zdorov’e, Soveiskii soyuz, Sputnik. holiday, a business trip, an interest in world affairs or in the riches of Russian culture and history ~ there are many reasons for learning Russian, a language spoken throughout the Commonwealth of Independent States (formerly the USSR) by more than 285 million people (for about half of whom it is the mother tongue). The aim of this course is to equip the complete beginner with the skills needed to communicate in practical, everyday situations and to give some background information about Russia and the nature of Russian society. The units of the course are designed to teach specific uses of language; these are related to situations that visitors to Russia may encounter. For example, you will learn how to give and seek information about people and places, how to make requests, complaints, apologies, arrangements, how to express opinions and explain what has happened and what will happen. ‘You will meet topics such as shopping, health, accommodation and entertainment and Jearn how to cope with them in related settings — in a shop, with the doctor, in a hotel, at the theatre. A clear indication is given, at the beginning of each unit, of the language uses covered and of the setting of the dialogue which forms the basis of the unit. Rapid and dramatic changes have taken place in recent years in what used to be the USSR. Change is still very much the order of the day, so that, for example, the names of streets and the prices used in this book may not always tally with the current situation. Nevertheless, the language you are learning through this course is the language used in Russia today. uoljonpowyul =uononpowuy > How to use this course First, work carefully through the sections on the alphabet and pronunciation before you attempt Unit 1. If you feel you need more practice in mastering the Cyrillic alphabet, there are lots of exercises which would help you in Teach Yourself Beginner's Russian Script. For more practice on specific grammatical points, you will find a lot of material in Teach Yourself Beginner's Russian Grammar. Each unit follows the same pattern, starting with a dialogue; study this carefully, noting all the new language forms and vocabulary. The vocabulary list at the end of the dialogue contains key words and expressions which are necessary to understand it. Other words are given in the Russian-English vocabulary at the end of the book. Any important cultural points are explained in the section which follows. Next, the section How do you say it? points out the purpose of some of the sentences used in the dialogue and the main grammatical structures are explained and illustrated in sentences in the Grammar section. ‘Once you have grasped the meaning of the dialogue, read it through again until you are satisfied that itis clear. Then tum to the questions and test your understanding of the dialogue (you can check your answers in the Key to the exercises, which begins on page 276). The exercises are designed to help you practise the written and spoken language and they will involve a range of activities: reading, asking, answering, looking (at pictures, maps, charts, forms) and writing. The answers to all the exercises can be found in the Key to the exercises. ‘The final section is divided into two parts: conversation and reading. In each unit, the conversation is based on the topic and language points of the dialogue and it is followed by a set of questions. Study the conversation carefully until you understand it clearly, then answer the questions (checking your answers in the Key to the exercises). The texts in the reading section give information about the geography, history, culture and society of Russia. You will meet new vocabulary here ~ you will not need to understand every word or every grammatical form in order to answer the questions and the'important ° vocabulary will be given for you at the end of the text; try to work out what you think the new words mean before you look at the vocabulary at the end of the text (or at the end of the book) and use the questions which precede the text to help you follow the passage more easily and concentrate on the main points. The reading section is designed to improve your ability to understand written Russian and the questions (and your answers) will always be in English. You will probably find that you need to spend rather more time on the Jater units, which contain more material than the earlier ones. Using the course with the recording All items with the sign (J are recorded. As well as the alphabet and words on page xii of the Introduction, the dialogue, some exercises, the conversation and key phrases for each unit are recorded. You will find it very helpful for your comprehension and pronunciation of Russian to listen to the recording as you work through the course. The more times you listen the better; try to concentrate on the pronunciation and intonation of the speakers. The conversations can be used as listening comprehension exercises; listen to the conversation to get the general gist (don’t worry about understanding every single word), look at the questions that follow, then listen again before you try to answer them. The alphabet Is Russian difficult? It is certainly very different from English; this is att of its fascination. An obvious difference is the Cyrillic alphabet — named after the 9th-century monk, St Cyril, its reputed author. Using the Cyrillic alphabet to write Russian is actually a great deal casier than transliterating it ~ ie. writing Russian in the English (Latin) alphabet ~ because two or more English letters are often needed to render a single letter in Russian. In the following example only two Russian letters are needed to provide the word meaning cabbage soup, while five are needed in English: Cyrillic English me shchi (pronounced ‘shchee’) Learning the alphabet is the first step to learning Russian. G Pronunciation ‘The alphabet can be divided into three different groups of letters: those which look and sound very much like English letters: those which look like English letters but have different sounds; those which neither look nor sound like English letters, If you are familiar with Greek or Hebrew letters, you will recognize that some Russian letters have been developed from these sources. uononponu Xs,Five letters fall into the first group (those which are equivalent to Handwri i their English counterparts): ritten Russian Q a ‘sounds slightly shorter than a in father Printed Handwritten Printed Handwritten x sounds tke koi at capital capital small small 5 $ ” sounds like m in motor A & 5 ° sounds like ° in bore a a r sounds like t in fred B 5 6 gr ‘There are seven letters in the second group (those which look like B 6 B & English letters but which sound different): r T r L . sounds tke v in Visit a D a ¥ re) e sounds like ye in yet E E " sounds like n in novel e 2 sounds like r in rat - Sands tke $k ap E E 8 8 y sounds like 00 in’ shoot x x sounds like ch in loch (Scots) ¥ * ao 3 3 g The letters in the third group do not look like any English letters: u u hl ie 6 sounds ike b in box u a i ak r sounds fike g in goat K h . a sounds like a in daughter K & é sounds like yo in* yonder I A «” sounds like 3 in pleasure UL a oo 3 sounds like z in 200 M ” sounds like ee in feet M He a sounds like y in boy H # H He ca sounds like ' in bottle 0 a sounds like Pp in peach ° ° ° Cy ‘sounds like f in father 4 sounds fike ts in quits 0 IT n nr 4 sounds tke ch in chick 7 wt sounds like sh in shift P J | P fe ty ——sounds fike shch in posh ctina | vw hard sign - see note c C c c ot sounds like i in it T SI T 1 t 8’ soft sign - see note . 9 sounds like e in tet y y y ¥e 0 sounds like. yu in yule Pp a sounds like ya in yak & o @ x L : Notes 1~7: These refer to Appendix 2 on page 272. x x ‘The English equivalents given are only approximate and the best way to master Russian pronunciation is to listen to native speakers and try to imitate them - the recording will help you do this. :Pimted | Handwritten | Printed | Handwritten) 7 Sem fem ss COMA fay capital capital small small “8 wn avn his) ACO toe . i u m 4 = y uy q 4, 9 Mare Mate (mother) me 5 g i ub m ae 10 Can can (garden) i us m wy, ll Terms rer unt) MOEMDB % = . “ 12 @yr66n ytd (football) mn Bt » 6 1B Xn6 xh bread) LALO 3 3 9 3 14 Lape wpe (circus) # —_— to » » 15 Uiero —dero corer) %ACHRO A & a & nna Some letters in the handwritten alphabet look a litte differen Practice from those in the printed alphabet — the full alphabet, typed and © Now qh; . a handwritten, is given above. Compare each version of the letters, and «hace place nie ht ceauainee Ke the alphabet ry to decipher practise saying them out loud. » p. 276). Here are some words given in both the printed and the ee ' Aocpmm handwritten form note thatthe letters a, and # must always begin © annie a, with alitle hook, wherever they occur in the word: Tandm are ofien — § Kopayonn bh Bupa written with a line above and a line below, for the sake of clarity; astoreo tang cece while most letters in a word are joined together, it is not possible to * , | join 0 to certain letters which follow it (e.g. 1, m and #), otherwise it | 2 — Given below is the room allocation list for a group of tourists. Will Took like an a. Practise saying these words aloud and try copying - Look at the second list in English and work out who is in which room thom out, Pay special attention to the relative height ofthe letters: answers in the Key to exercises, p. 276). | Taxon Coat 201 Xbro Paiime 206 1 Bari Gard (luggage) danas | Toxeiin Knap 202 Pusapa Xappucon 207 8 ‘ Beponta Towcou 203 Creanu Bpayx 208 Bi vodka) Jinan Voor 204 Mapraper Hpitsus 209 2 Boma oma (vodka) Caiimon Maxersn 205 Hnxonac Taiinop 210 3 Topox _ropoa (town) a Stephanie Brown f Hugh Riley b Jane Clark g John Smith na (ves) © Margaret Davies h Nicholas Taylor @ Richard Harrison i Veronica Thomson e Simon Mackenzie i Lilian West Tiana sis (uncle)The appendices and vocabulary : i ‘Appendix 1 includes summaries and notes on nouns, pronouns, 2 adjectives, prepositions and verbs. Common irregularities are noted in Appendix 1. Appendix 2 contains more on pronunciation. Other imegularities are noted in the Russian-English vocabulary. Stress Stress (indicated by “) is very important ~ however many syllables itete are in a word, only one of them can be stressed. Fvery time you eam a new word, make sure you learn which syllable is stressed. If ‘you get the stress wrong then your Russian will sound rather strange ~ just as your English would sound strange if you emphasized the wrong ‘tel, visit). In Russian the stressed vowel is ‘given its full value’ (it is pronounced quite distinctly) whereas the unstressed ‘vowel is passed over quickly, almost ‘thrown away’. This is heard most clearly with ‘o°. If an ‘o° comes immediately before the stressed syllable of the word, itis ‘reduced! to a sound rather like the ‘a’ in the English word ‘matter’: e.g. Mocks (Moscow). In any other position in the word, an unstressed ‘o’ is pronounced like the second syllable of ‘matter’: répon. (See Appendix 2 for further details on how stress affects vowels —note 8.) Note that the letter & always carries the stress. In texts where the stress is not indicated (which includes most Russian publications), the two dots are not normally marked above this letter. Note that stress is marked in all words in the dialogues, role-play exercises, conversations, reading texts, commentaries, key phrases, grammars and vocabularies, ‘1douioeu mea jasee|a "Oassed 'snoA PLONALe XO” In this unit you will learn + how to respond to requests for personal information and identification + some forms of courtesy(3 Dialogue Anna Prince, a tourist from England, has just arrived at Sheremetevo airport in Moscow and is passing through passport control and Customs, A young man at passport control checks her passport; she then moves on to customs where a young woman checks her luggage and currency declaration. Monogok venonéx Auna Sapaeceyiirel Bor moi nécnopr. Monogéit venonéic Bei TypiictKa? Anna” a, « typlictKa. Monogoit uenopéx — Boi anrmmudiika, 4a? Anna fa, 9 anrnusanKa. Monopéi4enoéx — Kak Bawa chaminnn? Avna Mos cpamiinina — Npvic, Monogéi yenopéx — Xopouid. Bor paw ndcnopr. Ava Cnaci6o. Mononéit4enoséx — Moxxényiicra. Désyuxa Tye pau Gar&x? Anna Bor on. Aésywxa Noxényiicta, rae Béwa aeKnapauna? Avna Bot ond. DeeywKa Xopowsd. Bor séwa Aexnapaynn. Anna Cnacii6o. ywika Moxknyiiera. fo cauaanin. Ha Ho cennanus. young man helio; how do you do your passport please here/there is/are you aurnuyanka — Engiish(woman) na yes ail Kax pawa tbaminua? — What's your sumame? xopouis good, fine. enach60 = thank you Résyuixa girl rae where eau Garé your luggage on he, it péwa pexnapéyua your currency declaration ond she, it fo canpanna goodbye thi Sppéectayiire! Baw nécnopr, noKanyiicra, (BB nacnoprt Passport Visitors to Russia must be in possession of a passport (naenopt) and ya visa (eiiga). Russian border guards are renowned for taking their time ‘over scrutinizing these documents! On entering Russia visitors must “give details of money, traveller's cheques and other valuables they “have with them on their currency declaration form (geknapaywa) and checked again when they leave Russia. @amunusa Surname “Anna supplies her surname (bamiinus) and her first name (ms). Russians would also give their patronymic (6T¥ecTBo) - a middie name derived from their father's first name and usually ending in “-0BHa Or -eBHa (for a woman) and -oBMY oF -eBMH (for a man). Women’s sumames usually end in va (which is why Tolstoy's novel is 80 called: Anna is married to a man called Karenin): Father's name Full name Braginep —_Tarvina Braninenposha Nerposa Cepréit Bopiic Cepréesn Netpés Huxonat Vipiiva Hikondesia Erépora Magen Aniexcéii Nésnosi Er6po8 “There is no Russian equivalent for the English ‘titles’ Mr, Mrs, Ms, Miss; members of the family, close friends, children and young people ‘address each other by the first name (or a ‘diminutive’ - affectionate ~ -version of the first name, e.g. the diminutive of Cpetnéia is Caéra); in more formal situations the first name and patronymic are used. So, Tanitia Bnapimmposnia Metpéea would be known as Tanita (or diminutive Tana) to her close friends and formally as Tania _Bnapimmpopna. Topapwuy (comrade), which used to be used with the surname as an official form of address (or to address someone ‘whose name you didn’t know), is no longer used and rocnopin (Mr ‘(feminine rocnomé Mrs) has come back into usage as an official form ‘of address. Boi You ‘in Russian there are two ways of saying you; abt is used to indicate both singular (i.e. one person) and plural (more than one) ~ in the former case, it is the polite form of address used when talking to someone you don't know, or don’t know very well (ike the French word vous). if you are speaking to a member of your family, a close friend or child, you would use the word Tbr (ike the French word tu). jesoydueKou ‘adouoeu meaSapascreyitre! Hello! "5. Respond to requests for items, say here it is, etc. 4 r mcnopt? 2 2| This literally means be healthy and is used to greet a group of people’ ‘He Ball mAcnopT? G2] or one person you would call mit. Note that the first B is not. ° BOT Moii nécnopr. 2 z pronounced. If you were addressing one person whom you call Tet you, would say 3qpascreyiit ag . Grammar Tromanyiicra Please; you're welcome 4 ‘The’ and ‘a’ This means please, but is also used to mean don’t mention it, you're ‘There are n¢ i i . . welcome when someone has said entacit6o to you (like the German 10 words in Russian for the (the definite article) or a (the indefinite article), so ndcuopr ineaus the passport ur a passport. ‘word bitte), 2 2 ‘To be’ Questions ‘The verb to be is not used in Russian in the present tense (Fam, you are _ and so on). So But rypiier (which means literally you tourist) is the 1 True or false? way of saying you are a tourist. If both words separated by the a Auma ~ anepuxanxa. ‘missing’ verb 10 be are nouns, a dash may be used: Mos ¢baniiams — Db E€ (her) hamnsma - TMerpoza. _Terpésa, Anna TypncrKa. 3. Statements and questions 2 Answer the questions! ‘The only difference between a statement and a question in written a Axa anramuanka? " Russian is that a question ends with a question mark ... and a statement bd Kax e& amas? does not! ‘There is no change in word order: How do you say it? ‘Auna TypiicrKa. ‘Anna is a tourist. How to: Ausa tTypacrea? Is Anna a tourist? : Jn spoken statements, the voice usually falls on the last stressed 1 Greet people “syllable of the last word: ° . 3apabersyiire! ——7 2 Say please and thank you ‘Anna tTypiiorKa. noxényiicra Ina spoken question, the voice is raised on the last stressed syllable of craciGo the last word: 3 Ask someone's surname und say your own A Kax pawa damsizms? Auna typlicrKa? Mos assiimss TIpnc. If the question begins with a question word (an interrogative), the 4 Ask people their nationality and state yours ‘voice is raised on that word: But auryavdiKa? oz baniy? Ta, auranvinxa. _ Tae pam 6ariix?‘idouoeu mes 10 If a question implies a contrast, a dip occurs: A 310? 4 Groups of nouns ‘Nouns are randomly divided into different groups ~ in Russian there are three groups (also known as ‘genders’): masculine, feminine and neuter, The important thing to remember is that it is possible to work ‘out which group a Russian word belongs to by looking at its ending. ‘The most common endings are: (cron table) (xnira book) ‘Masculine words @ consonant Feminine words a Neuter words ° (nncomé etter) Sometimes a word has two forms to distinguish between males and. females, e.g. Bopiic typiter. Boris is a tourist ‘Anna TypiicTKa. Anna is a tourist : tier wi ' | moi (for masculine words); moi nfcnopt ort ‘You will soon become familiar with these endings as they are also. | woa (for feminine words); oA aexnapéyyn my pace present in certain pronouns, adjectives and past tense verbs. Other: | wod (for neuter words): Mod Has my (first) raion groups” endings are: ‘a diphthong (e.g. -0i, -ail, eff) (await May) ‘a soft sign (6) (aBToMoGIAN car) Masculine words end in Feminine words endin a (Henéna week) pau Carine Ronee hod us (Anrnua England) aula (for feminine words): Bawa @amannn your sumame a soft sign (b) (rexpape exercise book) awe (for neuter words): awe nnchMé ‘your letter Neuterwords end ine (néne field) we (apanne building) ~ 5 How to say ‘I, you, he, she, it, we, you’ and ‘they’ ‘The grammatical name for these words is the personal or subject pronoun and the table below gives a full list of them: ! ‘you (singular, informal) 0% he (person), it (when referring to @ masculine noun) ‘Hs §—_she (person), it (when referring to a feminine noun) #6 it (can only refer to a neuter noun) met we Bei you (singular, formal; plural) ont they 6 ‘My, our, your’ These are known as. possessive adjectives because they denote possession. They change their endings depending on the gender of the “noun they are describing: ’ The word rwoit (your, ic. belonging to Tei) works in just the same way. [sam (for masculine words): | The word nam (our, ic. belonging to mts) works in just the same way, lis, her, its’ So, the only ending ‘shared’ by more than one groups is » (the soft ‘The following words never change form: sign) and this is the only time you will need ta tearm the gender of a word. Very occasionally you will meet exceptions to these patterns ~ er6* his, its (when referring 10 a masculine or a neuter noun) the most common are Bpemsi (time) and ims (first name), which are. *Note the pronunciation of this word, which is perhaps not what you both neuter. would expect: yevd. a her, its (when referring to a feminine noun) AX their ~ jexonAuexou ‘udouseu meaTue eré siexnapanus? Where is his declaration? Bor e& 6aréx. Here is her luggage. Kak ux amis? What is their surname? 7 Kax? How? ‘This word means how and is frequently used in questions: Kax au? How are you? Kax nena? How are things? Kax aur 6par? Hows your brother? 8 Nationalities Russian uses two nouns (one masculine, one feminine) to describe nationality: On anrmraiamn, He is English. ‘On amepmdnent. He is American, Ou nenuen. He is Spanish. Ond aurmraisixa. She is English. Ona amepmxiuxa. She is American. Ond merrinxa. She is Spanish. ‘A general rule would be that the feminine nouns end in -a. He is Russian, she is Russian, etc. look rather different: On piecknit. On pycoxas. (This is because they are adjectives ~ see Unit 5.) Practice “The exercises in this unit give you practice in recognizing the alphabet and in using some of the vocabulary and grammatical items covered in the unit. 1.1 Read and answer! Look carefully at the form opposite and then answer the questions that follow it. @opma 42210. ome Bee ne —Bopoteiba Rusa. Cepevebsa TALL Vima, orsecrao Tipodecens a. What nationality is indicated on this form? _b- Whatis the person’s surname? “e Whatis her occupation? 1.2 Write! Make up sentences similar to the following for these people, indicating their name and occupation. Practise saying the sentences aloud. _Tasmna Cepreepia Bopo6sisa pycexas, Ova manner. a Tox amepiKarien >axypwamict »xaiponnee (1) Jet's introduce ourselves 1'm called (it. they call me’) pleased to meet you Vm learning (1 have been leaming) Russian (language) (for) three years a Muscovite (female) Vive in Moscow and; but you five in London 1 work there in (athe) schoo! each English (language) here at the university (female) artist drawing, painting 1n this unit you will learn kak sac 308/71? what are you called? (it: how do they call you?) + how to give further information about yourself + + how to request such information from others | mbt yxé xopowié ropopare no-pycoKn you already speak Russian welldy slaoe wHow 3 20 : a Hassite ‘noakaxéunmcs! Let's get to know each other : This literally means /et’s get “to. “know each other “and is used when you're introducing yourself (or a group of which you are a member). if you. were introducing two: people to each other you would say no3naxémptec! (lit. get fo know each other). Mens soy Mpa I’m called Ira This literally means me they call Ira. Russians will often introduce themselves at the sort of function described here by just giving their first name (in this case, Ira is the diminutive of Irina). OueHb npisitHo Pleased to meet you ‘The literal meaning of this is very pleasant. There is another common way of saying pleased to meet you you could say yen» pan (f you're a man) or 64eHb paga (if you're a woman). B yxnupepcutéte At the university. Russia's higher education system includes universities, academies, conservatories and specialist high schools. The education reforms of 1984 made education compulsory between the ages of six and 17. For pre-school ‘children, up to the age of three, there are créches (@enw) and for three-: to -six-year-olds’ there: is ‘the kindergarten (Aérexwii cag). Education used to be free and open access; however, there are now fee-paying private secondary schools (and terms such as mmyéi and rasmiaaua have reappeared). Higher education is no longer: free for -all students. and,. increasingly, students’ studies are linked to work for commercial concerns. Questions 1 True orfalse? a Vipa aurmvanxa. b Asa ropopir no-pyeenE, | © Mpa ~umxenep. 2 Answer the questions! . a Kax Auma rosopur 105 nee b Tue Anna xupér? e Uro (what) Anna mpenogaét? How do you Say it? How to: Introduce yourself Tlapdiire nosnaxémunes! Say your name and ask someone else’s name Meni sonfr . Kak Bac 30ByT? » wo Say ‘pleased to meet you’ Ouxeus npuirno! Ouens pan! Ovens pana! a Ask people where they live and say where you live Tue abi KuBETe? A neupy ... Ask people where they work and say where you work Te Bhi pa6éraere? A pabéraro p ... w Grammar 1 Verbs a Forming the present tense ‘We saw in Unit 1 that the verb to be is not used in the present tense in Russian, but this is an exception. Other verbs in Russian do have 4 present tense and it is important to know how this is formed (just, as we need to know how present tense endings change in English ~ I play, she plays etc.). ‘There are two main groups (or conjugations) of verbs in Russian: i Most verbs whose infinitive (the to do part of the verb) ends in ~arb will work like the verb paGérate (to work) in the present tense: A paGoTaIe I work Mot paGéraem = we work ‘Tel paGéTaes you work Bei pa6oraere you work onlondlond paGéraet he/sheft works own pa6éraloT —_—they work Le. remove the Tb and add: -to, -emmb, -er, -em, -eTe, 10T. edy tksoe won ot 2016 z 5 3 3 g 3 3 20 ii Most verbs whose infinitive ends in -mrp will work like ropopirr. (to speak) in the present tense: rosope “speak ‘uel rosopi we speak ‘Tet rosopi | -yousspeak--ebronopitre you speak ‘oWOHa/OHO roBoplir he/she/it speaks own rosopAT they speak i.e. remove the wrb and add:-10, -WNB; -HT, -HM, -4Te, -AT. b Irregular. verbs 2 Like other languages, Russian has verbs which do not conform to the usual patterns (irregular verbs). In Russian, however, even imegular verbs are fairly consistent, and in order to be able to use them, the important thing is to know their stem and the a, 71, oui endings (and these are always given for irregular verbs in the vocabulary at the end of the book), e.g-/ 2kuTb (to live) has the. stem: amp- andthe following endings: AOKUBY, TH XUBEMb, OM KUBET, Mot KUBEM, BUI KUBETe, OFM oxuBYT : In other words, the on,Mbi and Bet forms will follow the pattern set by Tex, but the # and omi forms will be different. ‘The nominative is also used for the complement of the verb to be (i.e. the word(s) which complete(s) our knowledge of the subject): Subject Mockna Complement cTonviya Pocomn ‘Meaning Moscow is the capital of Russia Anna Tpnne ypicrKa, ‘Anna Prince is a tourist There are six cases in Russian, including the nominative. (Nouns, adjectives and personal pronouns always appear in dictionaries and vocabularies in the nominative.) 3 Describing place or position ‘To describe the place or position of something or someone after the following prepositions: Bin (inside), at na the prepositional (or locative) case is used. ‘The prepositional is usually formed by adding the letter e to the end of the nominative form of a noun. in, on, at ¢ Verbs ending in -asats ; Remove Add Tipenonanare (fo teach) like all verbs ending in -anars loses its Masculine ° middle (as) and is conjugated as follows: Pe TT re! intl the univecsy aBTOMOOANE > e snpenogai ss [teach === ab npenogaém we teach | , ‘Tei npentopaéule © you teach ai mpenopaére you teach see inthe car a ; e on npenonaét Ae teaches ons nponogalot they teach | en on hey ram a coe } Feminine It is important to know this, because there are some very common | Mooked a e verbs that work this way: e.g. aaB47s (fo give), mpomaBate (to sell). B Mocksé in Moscow { Kpniin a e \ ha Kjane in the kitchen 2 Endings { _ These change according to the function of the words (nouns, ! need ° e adjectives, pronouns) in a given sentence; the different endings are BnnceMé in the letter called cases. So far you have the met the nominative case ~ this is Mépe e e used to talk about the person or thing doing an action (i.e. for the BMépe? Jn the sea subject of the sentence): "Note that the preposition # is elided with the word which follows ic.: B ymumepewrére is pronounced as if it were one word. * i.e, neuter nouns ending in -e stay the same. 3 ed shaoe breve 20The only exceptions to the usual ending are: 18 = | a Feminine soft sign nouns, feminine nouns which end in -ua and : neuter nouns which end in -ne: & a Terpaap = Terpaqn in the exercise book 8 Auras, 8 Aurnin In England sane 8 sadnin in the building QoQ 3) b A group of masculine nouns which all take the stressed ending y instead of -e). A full list of these is given in Appendix 1, but here are some common examples: aapondpr 8 eaponopry Kpei 8 Kpuney in the Crimea fon va nony (on the floor can Boaay in the garden fron Byrni* in the comer wae Bway in the cupboard at the airport *Note that yroa has what is known as a ‘fleeting vowel’ —i.e.a vowel which is omitted in every case except the nominative (words which have'fleeting vowels ae indicated in the vocabulary at the end of this book). ¢ A small group of words (known as indeclinable) never change their form in any case — these tend to be words imported-from other languages. Common examples are: 8 G0pd infat the office BKabé infat the caté 8 TaKor in the taxi 4 Tlo-pyecku /n Russian ‘This word describes the way in which something is done, is formed from picexutit and means in Russian. Such words are called adverbs. Note the following similar adverbs: Tisep rosoprir no~bpannyscKn. Thirep rosopir no-aurmiickn, Mapiis ronopiir no-wramsacKn. Pierre speaks French. Peter speaks English. Maria speaks Italian. Practice 2.1 Read and answer! Which is the correct alternative? a bi pa6oraio/padoraem/ 4 onn siiaete/sHar0/ pa6oraior aHaror bona npentonaét/npenonaéuih/ —e_# ToRopio/rosopate/ npentonaéte TosopiT eat xnmy/xmméte/xnBéIT €32.2 Read, listen and answer Read the questions then match them up with the answers that you will hear on your recording: 2.3 Look and answer! a But pa6oraere » Mockne? b Kax pac sonyt? ¢ Bu xupéte 2 Knepe? ‘The information below is taken from a theatre ticket. d Dae puxo? Cepus BT Q9Hon6pA 000307 TIAPTEP pag i6 mecto 6 Bonbwoi teatp Poccum Tearpanbyaans., 40m 7 Tenecbou 292-00-50 3 i a g Ss = 3 20edy shece son BS 20 a What is the name of the theatre? b What is the theatre's telephone number? 2.4 Read and write! Kro rie paGoraer? Who works where? a Buxtop padorars yaunepourer b Cama paGorars can ce Ts paorate miKona a Tana padorats aaGopatopua e Bp paGorarb Giopo foo paGorarp rocrmEnua g Bopne padorars Mocxpa + Buse nai £ Aon Write similar sentences about the others listed above. 2.5 Read and answer! Can you work out which composers are featured in the concert programme below? 1 oraenenne Toxxara, anaxno u dyra no MaxKop ‘Tpuo-conara Ne 5 a W.C. Bax - 2 oraexenne b> Monapr ~ @artasia cba minop ¢ ymax - Kanu ca munop 2.6 Read and write! a Auna Bpucrom -nlo-anrsuiiicxn bd Ft Bupmauram no-anrsuiicxn © Teep Tlapwx no-bpannyscxit a Xoce Vienasua no-venaricKt e Ber Mockpa nlo-pycexit a { bin 4 Df = ; 0 b ~ . Write similar sentences about the others listed above. Comprehension €31 Conversation Reag, listen and answer! Michael Jones, a journalist, is met at St Petersburg airport by his guide. Twa Vasunire, noxényiicra, Bot Maik Pbxoue? Main fla, Sto A. twa Sapascrayiire! A saw rag. Mena soayr Bondage. Maikn — OueHb npnatHo, Bondga. rua Bor Hau! aBT66yc, HOMep nate, Maiixn. Main — Cnacii6o. Twa Ckaxire, Maiikn, Bit aHranudnn? Maikn fa, anrnvudni. Twa But xnBéte 8 NoHpOHe? Maiixn Her, Het, a xuBy 8 Oxccbopae. Twa Kak uTepécxo. Bei pa6étaere B yHBepcuréte? Maikn — Her, = xypranicr. Twa But dueHb xopouid rosoprire no-pyecKm. Maiikn —_CnaciiGo. A pa6oraio & Oxctpopae, Ho mHorad 8 Poccnn Tone. Ta, A, NOHATHO ... BOT NOYEMY BEI ToBOpHTe Mo-pYccKN. Main = Arge sbi xnséte, Bonoga? Twa, A xnay u paGorato spect B CankT-etepbypre. Maiikn = B yétitpe? Tua, Ja, na, 8 yeuTpe ... Hy, Bor u* Béwa rocTiHHYa. Note that TH means arid, but itis also used to give emphacis: Mere is your hotel that’s why specs here aasmnirTe excuse me worn sometimes RoHsTHO | 599 (lt. It is understood) nate five TomKe also edy 2kaoe son 20dy stace won 20 True or false? b © a e Maiixn T>xonc xupét 8 Jlonmone. Maiixa Jbxonc 2xypHammcr. Maiixn Zoxouc xopouto Toxopr no-pycexu Maiixst Tpxone paSoraet TosbKo B Oxcpopae. Bosoas 2xunét B Mockse. 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English. What sort of city is St Petersburg? What do we learn about the population? Where exactly does Elena live? ‘What does she say about the architecture? Where does she work? Enéua Uerpésna Eréposa xupér p Canxt-Ilerep6ypre. CanxrTerep6ypr Sei Gombundii répon, KyaBTypABIH amamnmerpanieneti nentp. B Cankr-THerep6ypre acer HaTh MWUHOHOB vertoBéK. Jiéua xuBeT B KBApTHpe B uéurpe. Kurs » uéurpe Sues mpusruo! Tas apxntexrypa éuen» xpactinas. Hanpunép, B uénrpe waxéustes Sree amopén u Opwrécx. Vl, KowésHo, B Cankr-Terep6ypre duenb xpacisas pexd — Hepa. B néarpe thioxe waxdmutrea Suen» Gomsmdii, crépsili ywunepcurér, re Enéua paGéraer. Enéwa ~ reéor. Gonsuisis reénor Shimani ABOpey xeapripa KOHEYHO kpachean apxurexrypa (Key phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practise saying each phrase. ‘What are you called? Tam called Anna. Pleased to meet you. I work in Moscow. I live in London. eooge dy ahaoe anon 19 20Dialogue 25 ra, who lives near the hotel Camor, has invited Anna to her flat. Anna | 3 has some trouble in finding the flat and asks passers-by for help. & e 2 2 5 Q oo F = rocrianua Canot Anna Wasnnire, noxdnyiicta, bl He shdeTe, rae rocrinya Canior? Anna Vsenniire, noxkanyiicta, Bb He shéeTe, Kak o @O Db npoiiri 8 roctmmmuy Canior? = Fpoxomnii 2 Kya? QO, = @ Anna B roctinmuy Cantor. on Mpoxomxnii 2 — Sxdto. Y Bac ects nnaH? ch Anna Da, y meta ect nna. Bot on. a @ @ Tipoxoxuii 2 Hy, xopowid. (Points to map.) Msi BoT 3fecb. oO MonatHo? + AuHa a, noxATHO. OD Tipoxoxnii 2 Xopowid. Bignte pecropax Bon Tam? oO Auna Da, Biny. Go © @O Mpoxoxmnii2 — Xopouid. Orryaa uavire Hanpézo, norém Hanéso, > noTom onfire Hanéso. 3 _ OQ Anna Xopows, # noHwMato: Hanpaso, Hanéso, noToM 5 onsire Hanéeo. CnaciiGo Gonbuibe. QO w we Tt MpoxoxKnit 2 Moxanyiicra. ~ Anna (Follows instructions and arrives at Camior.) Bot TocTwHMya CanioT. A rae xnB8T ipa? (Looks in her bag for the address.) Bor 08 agpec: SIéHnuckwit mpocnéxt, gom 120, Képnyc 3, keaptipa 5. Olt, Kak cnoxHo! ... CKaxire, noxdnyiicta, Kak npoiTi 8 gom 120? Sto Aanexo? In this unit you will learn Mpoxoamnii3 Her, He duekb. Biiqute anréky, a? Orryza + how to ask for and give waite npAmo, noTom Hanéeo. directions + some more forms of courtesycnodouss aootie atts AvHa Mpoxonwit 3 Anna Fipoxomuit 4 Anna Tpoxomuii 4 Cnaci6o 6onbwise. H6 3a uTo. Hy, xopow6, Bor fom 120. A rae Képnyc 8? ... Bor kOpnyc 1 ... Yixé nésgHol (Anna sighs and decides to give in and ring tra.) ... Ckaxire, norxanyiicTa, Tae spect Tenedbou? Tenedpén-asTomaT Bon TaM, Hanpéso. Cnacii6o 6onbuide. Noxanyiicra. amece He npoxornit ax npoiiri B? Kypa? y Bac ecrs? y Mons ects naw BitanTe, Binxy (BigeTD) 20H Taw orrjpa piel (war) wanpéeo nods nanéeo onsite ‘A rionmmaio (nonmmare) enaeh6o Gonsuise & Sppec Nénunexwis npocnéxt fom 120 ~ cro pBaayars xépnyc cnoxHO Aanexé anréxa npAMo 6 2a 470. ndésAHO: Tenebor-asTomaT hore not passerby how do Widoes one get to? where’ to? . have you got? Ihave lan, map you see, | see (to see) over there from there {go! (to go on foot, to walk) on thefto the right then on thefto the left again J understand (to understand) thank you very much her address Lenin Prospect (Avenue) house; block of flats 120 block complicated along way chemist’s shop straight on don't mention it (itis) fate telephone box GB But ne snaete You don’t know by any chance Verbs are made negative by the use of He (not) ~6.g.: 8 He NOHMMAIO (don't understand). Bet He andere is the polite formula to use when requesting information (roughly equivaient to You don't know by any chance ...). Cnaci6o Gonbuide Thank you very much This literally means a big thank you. As we saw in Unit 1, this usually attracts the response noxkényticTa; an alternative form of courteous response is H6 3a 40, don’t mention it. Russian urban addresses TéHmucKnii npocndxr; om 120, xépnyc 3, Keapripa S Russian urban addresses tend to look like this, giving the number of the block of flats (gots), the individual building number ~ if the block Of flats is made up of several sections (xépnyc) ~ and finally the flat number itself (keaprapa). It is not surprising that Anna feels daunted by the task of finding Ira’s flat - the blocks and wings, which all look very similar, are built in large groups and in a typical mmkpopaiién (microregion) such complexes of flats will have their own shops, school, health centre and so on. ‘Accommodation remains something of a problem in Russian cities; finding a flat can be a long and expensive affair. Typically, Russian flats are not large - a small family might expect to have a kitchen, bathroom, sitting room and one bedroom (it is usual for rooms to have more than one use - @. sitting room doubles up as second bedroom). Concerns about problems of living space oxunnnémaps) feature in the cartoon below, where the wolf is enquiring of granny (46yuixa) why on earth she has so much living space, 27 3 3 i 3 3 g £0Enocboves soot atts 2 oo CKamvite, nomanyiicta Tell (me), please ‘This literally means say/tell, please and, like WsBMHiITe, NOKanyKeTa (excuse, please), it is a good way of attracting someone's attention. Tenetbou-aptomart Telephone box Calls can be made cheaply from public telephones using aKeréHbI (tokens). Questions 1 True or false? a Auua ouaer, rue rocrunmua Camor. b Anna 3naet, rae xopnye Tpit. ¢ Cnoxxo npoitmm BoM 120. 2 Answer the questions! a Tepsuiil (first) npoxornit suaer, rae rocranuna Camor? b Due xnpér ipa? 120, 3, 5. Tae tenepox? Hanpaso nim nasien0? How do you say it? How to: 1. Request information: Do you happen to know .. But ne andere ...? 2 Ask the way Kax npoiirt 8 ...? 3. Ask if someone has and say that you have Y Bac ecte ...? Y mens corp 4° Give directions Bou Tam xaripano asié20 orryaa mpsisto 5 Ask and say if a place is far or not ro naneKd? Her, we dueny nanexd. 6 Attract someone's attention Ckaxstre, noxdsyiicra. Vispuniire, noxéayiicra. 7 Respond to thanks, saying ‘Don't mention it” Tloxanylicra. Ilé 3a ao. Grammar 1 Kya? Where to? This means where to? (like the English word whither) — i.e. it must be used when you are asking a question about direction (as opposed to rae, used when you are asking about position): Kya ot naér? Where (lit. where to) is he going? Tne on pa6éraet? Where does he work? 2 Negative ‘To make the negative of a verb, simply use ne in front of the verb: Aue ropopto mo-nendticki. I don't speak Spanish. Aue noumdto, v0 0x don't understand what he rosopir. says. ue is pronounced as part of the verb: ne ronopio as nigavaryd. 3 Verbs Marit means to go on foot, to walk, this is another imegular verb. Remember that what you need to know here is: Stem Aform Tet form wn wai Ons form If you compare this with ars (in Unit 2), you will see that the pattem is the same. enocartes aoate ots BB £030 i i i £0 Baners (10 see), like most verbs whose infinitive ends in -erb, is a second conjugation verb and so it works like ronopitrs, — but care is needed with second conjugation verbs with a 2 in their stem. Whenever you meet a verb like this, remember that in the present tense, form only, the changes to a 2: a picky, TH BLUM, OF RAAT, MEK BisAOM, BEI RitmTe, On Bist Another very common second conjugation verb which works in this way is eunére (to sit, be seated): 1 HAY, TH cHium etc. Note that the personal pronoun (with the exception of oH, on, ont) cat be omitted in direct speech: Biyurre amréxcy (you sce the chemist’s?). 4 Vigne! Go! This is the command (or imperative) form of the verb. You have already met several of these (sapdncrayiire, wssunirre, cxaatirre). They are very straightforward to form; take the Tet form of the present tense and remove the last three letters ~ if you're left with a yowel add itre (if you're commanding mbt; just it if you're commanding Ts), if you’re left with a consonant add ure (or just # if you're commanding Te): paSéraeum + pa6éra- —> + it/tine + pa6draii/pa6éraitre! wie = F/T ~> mmi/mmire! Note that commands are usually followed by an exclamation mark in Russian. 5 Accusative case In Unit 2 we leamt about the nominative and prepositional cases. Now we meet the accusative case, which is used in the following ways. . a For the ‘object’ of the sentence In Russian the person or thing to whom/which an action is being done (known as the object) in a sentence must be put into the accusative case: Meaning ‘Anna sees the building Anna sees the restaurant Anna sees the chemists ‘The good news is that for neuter nouns the accusative is exactly the same as the nominative (thus the ending of aaéue does not change in the sentence above). For masculine nouns the accusative and the nominative are the same if you’re dealing with inanimate nouns (i.e. nouns which don’t refer to people or animals). The accusative of masculine animate nouns will be dealt with in Unit 5. All feminine nouns except those ending in a soft sign change their nominative endings to form the accusative: Mockea Ok xopows sHéet Mockey He knows Moscow well chaminun On ander 08 chaminuio apep (On oTkppiséer pepe He knows her surmame He's opening the door (ie. a — y; 8 > 10; b stays the same). b Describing motion or direction In Unit 2 we leamt that B/wa + prepositional case ate used to describe the position of something/someone: Visan pa6éraet » pectopinie. Ivan is working in the restaurant. But, if you're describing motion towards (i.e. if you're answering the question where t0?), when you're describing direction, B/wa and the accusative must be used: Mindi unér B pecropan. Ivan is going intolto the restaurant, 6 Y Bac ect ...? Have you got ...? If you want to say have you got, the phrase you use literally means by you is there? Take away the question mark and, of course, you have the statement you have. NB a This is not a verb, but a phrase used instead of a verb. b It is not essential to include the word ects (which means there is/are): ¥ menfi naan and Y meusi eer naan both mean I have a plan. Eers lends greater emphasis: I do have a plan. 31 3 i 3 a £0guodpeues seats atts B QS oO © Note these forms: Practice 3.1 Read and answer! i Which is the correct alternative (motion or position)? Kyaa/rae pix atte? Ona xupér » Omcx/n Omexe. Msi paGorae B yauepeitrer/p ynupeponrere. Cama wer B antexy/s antere. Bostous cuur B pectopani/a pecropane. ii Which is the correct alternative (subject or object)? f Bu auaere Slrra/Sry? g Bor ero mexnapantua/nexsapamno. h On snanr Onra/Onsry. paces 3.2 Look and answer! Look at the following extract from a theatre programme: a Will the audience be watching an opera or a ballet? b What is the title of the performance? HOH KUXOT Banet B 3 gelicTBunx Jiv6petto M.Netuna no pomany M.Cepsanteca 3.3 Read and write! Kro rae KuBét? Who lives where? a Onvra/Camapxan — Oxmra xnpér » Camapranne b Buxrop/Knes © A/Anraus d Tst/Onecca Mapus 1 Antono/Viramis (33.4 Read, answer and listen! ‘You are asking a passer-by how to get to the chemist's, Complete your part of the conversation, then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Bor @ Ask how to get to the chemist's. Tipoxdxnit — Vigiire npsiuo, norém Hanéso. Bot b Ask if itis far. Mpoxémnit Her, He OueHb. Bo ¢ Say thank you very much. Tipoxéxuii — Hé 3a uTo. 3.5 Read and answer! Work out what question was asked for each of these answers: a Meus soayr Ansa. b A xupy » Anns. ¢ A paGoraio B Bpucrone. dA. uzy rocrmmny. e Y Meus ecr man. Comprehension €31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! A tourist stops a passer-by to ask for directions to the Cosmos cinema. Typuer Visaunite, noxanyiicra. Mlpoxoxnii ja? ‘Typuer Boi He axéete, rae HaxdguToa KnHoTeaTp Kécmoc? Tpoxoxwii —-Kinotearp Koomoc? ... Hy, Aa ... Ha npocnékre Miipa. Typmer Cnacii6o. A Kak npoitti TyAa, noxKanyiicra? Tipoxonaii Bai He aéeTe, rae npocnékr Miipa? ‘Typuct Her, ne audio. 1 He 64eHb xopoUi6 sHd10 MocKey. Tipoxoxaii Herd. KunoTedTp KoMoc He OveHb ganeKd. gnohoues soatie atts €0anodes soelie ott £0 Typer Xopouis! Tpoxoxwii Bot Biignre créHyjwo MeTp6 BOH Tam? Typuct Ba, Broxy. Tipoxomnii — Xopouid. Orrya waite Hanpapo. Sto npocnéxt Mapa. Hanéso roctasnya Kécmoc. Typuer ‘A KunoTedtp Toxe Tam? Fipoxoxnii Her. Vigihte npfmo. Hanpaso Haxdauren myséii KOCMOHABTHKH, ‘Typuet Xopowd, 8 NoHMMaIO — rocTHHMYa HaNéBO, Myséit nanpaso. Mpoxomnii fla. Vavire npamo. Kuwoteatp Ha yrnj. TlonsirHo? ‘Typuet Ja, cnacit6o 6onbui6e. Mpoxomnii — Hé sa sto. ramoredrp wyRa waweré créywa merpd tyaéit KocmondeTHKH @ cramynn werpo © rocmnwya @ myo @ ramorearp Kuuoreatp Kocmoc naxonutca B Locrammie Kocmoc B My3ee KOCMOHABTUKH na mpocnexte Mupa Kunorearp Kocmoc naxonatcs ONeHE NANeKO He OCH AasIeKO B MeTpo oge NegR Mm Bor crannus merpo. Orryaa ‘aypuer waér wanpaBo ‘Typuct unér Hasteso rypuer waét B rocrmmmy Bor yron, Tam Haxoaurea xutioreatp rocrmana ys3eit eon Rooe w& 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English ‘What is Anatoly’s surname? Where does his wife work? How long has Marina worked at the cinema’? ‘Where exactly do they live? ‘What is a typical Russian flat like? ‘What amenities are there in the area where Anatoly and his family live? Auaréauii bénopopn Manririna — wioxenép. Ox xnBET B Mocksé ne » uéwrpe, a ua oxpanne. Y nerd xxend, Baneatina Huxondeswa, 0%b, Mapiiia 1 cobaKa, Ilapux. Banenrina paGétaet p anréxe, a Mapyina yxé ‘pu roa paéract B kMHOTedTpe; ond KaccHipmza. IApux, xouéwio, He paOéraer. On xuByT B KBapTiipe, wa oxpéme. ro tumianax xpapripa: Kjxus, pannas, cndnpua a roctias. 3udunT, Sto He Oyen Gomunia xpapritpa. Ha oxpauie, re ow xuBYT, ers yruBepcda, anréxa, xunotedTp, mxéna u crénuua Metp6. Wax, Banentima m Mapiina paGéraror wa oxpanue, a Auarésmit paGéraer B uéuTpe, To ecr OueHb HaTeKd. meonocn bathroom sitting room daughter wife that means, so and 50 cashier of course kitchen ‘on the outskirts dog 35 3 : g 3 5 £0gnoceues soatie atts B £0 cnanvun bedroom runiunan keaptipa typical flat ‘roects —thatis (10,) yempepedm supermarket € Key phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practise saying each phrase. b e a e ‘Thank you very much. Have you got a map? Tell me, please ... How do I get to the theatre? Isit far? qieaod dioLoc te -vce OHKOW 999 Ze1ey sydesBojoyd eye} euo ACW G In this unit you will learn + how to ask/state whether ‘something is permitted or not + how to ask/state whether something is possible, impossible or necessarva SR OHKOR ToSHE 38 $ 3 3 e : : & v0 {Dialogue Ira has taken Anna to see Kolomenskoye, a former royal estate on the banks of the Moskya river. Auvia — Kaxée Kpacisoe mécrol ipa fa, afecb SAaHnA O4eH» Kpaciabie., Anna A Kak6e $70 agénne, BOH Tam, HanéB0? Vipa Sto 6uexb ctépas yépKosb. Kpaciean, Aa? AnHa — fla, OveHb. A xo noceTiiT® Myséit. MoxHO? vipa (Aa, Kunésno. Anna — Xopowis. A OueHe mio6nio myaén. Vipa —-Xopowi6 ... Haqo Kyniirs OunéTet B kacce. Anta Slagno ... Ckeokh, Vipa, B KaCce MOKHO KynviTe OTKPEITKN? Vipa He aHaio ... (Asks at tioket office.) .. Het, Herbs. Saece MOKHO KyRITe TONLKO 6UNETEI. Anna — Hiuerd. Mpa ‘Hy, Bor exog.8 myaéit ... CMoTpHi, AHHa, BOH TaM HanpaBO, O4eH» cTapaa KApTa. ‘Anna — a, Sto gelicteitrenbuo uurepécnan Kdpra. A S70 4TO? Vipa Oro O4eHb cTApbI RepeBAHHEIA cTyN, Anna — Ckanci, Mpa, afecs MOxno cbotorpacbiponars? Mpa (Asks the museum attendant) ... Het, Anka, K coxanéHito b mys6e Henbssi cbotorpacpiponate. Anna (Sighs.) ... Hy, Herd ... kaké6e Kpachboe mécto what a beautiful place apdnun buildings uépKons (t; fleeting 0) church 8 XOUY, Tht XOXeUIe (XOTETS) want, you want (fo want) nocerars — to-visit A mioG6mi (mloGATe) like (to like) wqo itis necessary kyniite to buy Gunéret tickets Bxécce at the ticket office mépno OK téncno itis possible, ane may orkpeirkn postcards spotorpatbaposats to photograph wenbaai_ itis not possible, one may not ‘Bxoq entrance ‘emorpérs fo look, watch kapra_ map Aelictsftensio really epesannein wooden eryn chair KcomanéHito unfortunately GB Myséi The Museum Moscow is full of museums; the only pressure on the tourist is how to fit in all the interesting sights! Konémencxoe is a myséii-sanonégnuk - a museum and conservation area. It Is usual for an attendant to be on duty in each room of a museum (often an elderly person) and in all but the smallest museums visitors are expected to leave their hats and coats in the rapaep66 (cloakroom) ~ Indeed it is considered Hexynerypro (uncivilized) lo wear one's outdoor clothing in public places (e.g. theatres, restaurants). Tbi x64eulb You want Anna and Ira have clearly become friends and now address each other as Tet, Remember that bt is the polite form of address and on the whole it is better to use this unless a Russian invites you to change to Thi (e.g. by saying qapait Ha Te). Questions 1 True or false? a Anua zymaer, 470 WepkoBb KpacuBaa. b B xacce wenb5a KyIMTs OTKpBITKH. ¢ B mysee Moxto (bororpaduposars. 2 Answer the questions! a Dae nano xynnr users? b Yro onn amit B Mysee? ¢ Uro nemas nenats B mysec? Aymats to think Rénate todo How do you say it? How to: 1 Ask/state whether something is possible or if one may do something 3nech MéxHo (pororpapripopats? Bneck MOxxHo Kymitrs Ousérst. 2. Ask/state whether something is impossible or if one may not do something B xdcce Hemba4 kyr orxperrxu? B ysée nemeadt hotorpapriponare. ‘onmon anate 8 i 90owxow so3tfs 40 i i H i 0 3 Askdstate whether is is necessary 10 do something Hago mati B Kaccy? Hago xymir 6unér. 4 Express regret K conasémno ... Grammar 1 Plural nouns ‘The nominative plural of masculine or feminine nouns usually ends in pr if the noun is ‘hard’(.. if it ends in a consonant or a) or m if it is ‘soft’ (ie. if it ends in b, if, or 9): “The nominative plural of neuter nouns is a for ‘hard’ nouns (ie. those ending in 0) and a for soft nouns (i.e. those ending in e): Nom. sing. Remove Add Nom. pl. Meaning uceMé ° a niicema letters panne e Pe) buildings Notice that the stress moves in the nominative plural of nmenmé ~ in many Russian nouns the stress is constant throughout the singular and plural, but there are some where it is not. On the whole it is better to try to learn instances of where stress moves as you meet them (but see also the note on stress patterns in Appendix 1). Some very common nouns have irregular nominative plurals. The following are the most common (a fuller list is given in Appendix 1): notice how (apart from the words for people and children) there are Nom. sing. Remove Add — Nom. pl. Meaning recognizable pattems to these irregulars: Masculine _————— yunBepouTéT yaneepowTéTer universities Meaning Singular Plural | Meaning Singular Plural apToMosiint apToMoGinn = cars address pec appecd | child pe6éiox pera Tpameait Teams trams bank, shore Géper Geperé. | person —YenonéK —nioAN Feminine eye mas rnasd raséra ae newspapers town ropon roponé | daughter pou ‘Rosepy " house om noua | mother = Mars —aTepn oréna rani stations train néesa roesaé hich itis i brother Gpat para | time peu —-epemena ‘There is an essential rule of spelling in Russian which it is important fend toyt pyc | name tun one to learn now. There are certain letters which can never be followed by bt, 30, a. ‘They are: rx (gutturals) 2K, % wt, Wt (sibilants) After these letters: instead of | ot use instead of | 10 use ¥ insteadof = # use a This rule often affects different forms of nouns and verbs and you will see that it affects what we have just learnt about making the nominative plural of masculine and feminine nouns e.g.: Remove Add Nom. pt mockensi RésywKn Nom. sing. mocker4 - 4 aeaywika a " ‘The good news is that the accusative plural is exactly the same as the nominative plural for all inanimate nouns (for animate nouns see Unit 7), e.g.: ‘Nominative plurat Typricres The tourists Accusative plural couétpst cpiinew: are watching fms 2 Adjectives ‘We have already met the possessive adjective (Unit 1) - ie. the word which describes to whom something belongs. All adjectives describe. We have already met the following phrases which include adjectives: a gauvaoduped:o10cb oHoW aaatie v0‘OnKOW Satz 42 Es : i 4 90 kpaciipad apxwTexTypa Timiiasas xpaprikpa beautiful architecture a typical flat ‘The famous Bosuméfi redrp includes an adjective ~ Gomsudit simply means big (see Unit 3)..The most important thing to remember about adjectives is that they must agree with the noun they describe in number (ie. singular or plural), gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and case (i.e. nominative, accusative, etc.). The most usual endings for adjectives in the nominative singular and plural are: 5 Verbs a XoTeTb to want Xorére (to want) doesn't conform to the pattern of irregular verbs ‘we have met so far and is one of a very small number for which it is not sufficient just to know si, TB, omit forms: A XONY Mbt XOTviNA Tet xoYeUE bi xoviTe: 08 xOueT on xoTaT Masc. sing, Fem. sing. Nout. sing. Plural bi “an -08 “be Tone TwnrsHaR TwnisH08 Tuniente yemaepowTér —_kBapTipa snanne Typiicret Note that the plural ending is the same for all genders. The spelling rule we met in (1) above is important when dealing with the masculine singular and the plural of adjectives — if an adjective’s stem (ic. the last letter before the ending) ends in r, x, x, >, % ut, ny then the ‘masculine singular ending will be -uit and the plural will be me: minenpxuit yaunepourér a small university xopoume axypH mbt good magazines ‘A small group of adjectives, called ‘stressed adjectives’, have the masculine ending -oft (not -bill), e.g.: Gommid% 20M Moslondit axtép a big house a young actor In dictionaries and vocabularies adjectives are always given in the nominative masculine singular. 3 Kakoia Which? ‘This is a stressed adjective and means either which?/vhat sort of? or what at: Kaxéi bam Ter Which film do you want xdueltib CMOTpETL? to see? Kaxda xpaciivas uépxoss! What a beautifull church! 4 Possibility/impossibility/necessity ‘Moa, Hema and wizo are extremely common and very useful words. They are all used with an infinitive (fo do), e.g.: B tedrpe weassi xypitre! No smoking in the theatre! b JhoGnTb to love Shobirre is a second conjugation verb (like rowoprirs), but notice that it has an extra ain the # form only: a snoGato, Tox snOGmmn, OF anfo6nrr, etc. This applies to all second conjugation verbs whose stems Ge. what’s left when you remove re) end in 6, 8, 4, 1, b eg. roréanth to prepare 4 TOTOBMO, Tb FOTOBHLb, OH TOTOBHT, MbI TOTOBHM, BbI Torépnte, OHH roTéBsT Practice 4.1 Read and answer! Match the questions with the answers: 1 Tae Moxno cmorpers busta? a B ynupepeame 2° Tae Moxwo kyr BHHO? bp kacce 3. Tine Moxkiio cmorperb Gaxer? ¢ B xmnorearpe 4 Tae Moxio xymrs users? ab rearpe 4.2 Read and answer! You are trying to find your way round Kolomenskoye. Complete your part of the conversation: Bei a ‘Say excuse me, please’. Tpoxommt = la? Bat Ask how to get to the church. Tipoxoxxnt —_Llepkoae 80H Tam, HaneBo. Ber ¢ Say ‘thank you' and ask where the museum is. Npoxoxnit —Tpsimo, norom HanpaBo. Bet Ask where you can buy tickets. Mpoxomnit —B Kacce, KoHe4HO. ‘oRNCoN soalde 43 8. 3 3 5 i +0omxon soos B Jausaodnbedsoicd Ber @ Say ‘thank you’ and ‘goodbye’. Mpoxoxnii — Toxanyiicra, Ao canqaHnn. 4.3 Look and answer! ‘These items are from a leaflet in a hotel room, What instructions are being given? a B aubre nema xypir Db Bnoctenn ne xyprrst ¢ If A6pmxa means factory, what sort of factory is being advertised below? Poccua woKonagquan cba6pnka CKA3KV_ JIECA KOH®ETBI Iecnoit opex @ nesicHoM npasune umesreiié woKora® ——1972 34.4 Read, answer and listen! Here are some answers. What were the questions? The first one is done for you. When you have worked through the exercise, listen to the complete dialogue on the recording. a Kaxoii 90 ropoz? ‘310 Gombutoit ropoa b Sto crapas WepKoBD Dro uutepecuEtii Myseit 310 MameHbKoe 3aHHe ‘31o HoBad KHHTA Sto Gonpmoi 70M 4.5 Look and answer! Viktor is standing outside the school. Give the six instructions (indicated by the arrows) which will enable him to get to the Tearp. » HOTOM —— » OTOM : noTOM, 4.6 Read and write! Answer these questions about yourself: a Ka pac sopyt? b [ue pst xnpéte? ¢ Tue ppt paGotaere? a Bur xusére B Aome ws (or) B KBaprupe? e Kaxoit y sac 40m?/Kaxaa y bac KBaprupa? Comprehension C31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! YOsms has just arrived in St Petersburg for a holiday and is chatting to the répmmruag (maid) on her floor in the hotel. tons (Indicating the armchair next to the maid's desk.) MoxHo? Toprmanan fla, noxényiiora. owKon soot 45 i : : v0‘owen soatte © § ; | i ¥0 fOonus Fopauunan YOonus Topxnsnan ronan Topxvunan tonna Fopaysnan tonus Fopumunast tonus TopHuunan fonna Topsusnas Ckaxiire, noxanylicta, B rocTiiHHYe MOxHO KyrATS orKpérrin M MApKU? Tia, KOHESHO, MXKHO, BEY, B KMECKE, Cnaci6o. A uTO MOKHO Aénath Be4epOM 8 rocriMmue? Y Hac 8 rocTaHMue ecTb KHHOTeATp. Xopowi6. A SyeHe moGnIo cMoTpeTe iinetel. B rocrimnye TedTp ecTb? K cokanénio, HeT. Ho y Hac eCTb AMCKOTEKA. Tia, wTepéctio ... HO | He ONeHe MiOGNIO Nor Mystik. Vi, KOHeSHO, B TOCTHHMYe eCTe GueHE XOPOUMt pecropai. ‘Ard, A Bé4epoM YTO MOKHO Anat B ropoAe? B ropone? Hy, B ropope ects KoHENHO TeéTpbt, KuHoTedrpet, pecTopatsl, AcKoTéict, Xopowss. (Pointing to television near maid's desk.) CkaxtiTe, noxKanylicta, sAece MOxXHO cMoTpéT renephop? Bla, KOHENHO MOXHO, Xopouis ... (Moves to sit by television and takes out a cigarette.) Visevnirre, gece Henbsst KypiTo! True or false? monere JOnua paGoract B Canxr-Terep6ypre, B rocramuule MOKHO KYINTS MapKi. YOnma moGuT aucKoTeKH. B ropone wemas cMOTpeTb ibMBI. B rocraime Moxsio cMOTpeTb TesIeBH30p. Hao xypurs, Korma bbI CMOTPHTe TeNeBH30p. Korma when 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a What expression is used 0. =» MOCKBA-BNASMMMP describe the cities of BB zs Moscow-Viadimir—Suzdal? goal b What sort of cities are BRAQUMMP-CYSAASIb Viadimir and Suzdal? gail 2 © What sort of buildings are to be found there? @ What is produced in the factories in Vladimir? e Why is Suzdal called a eal ‘museum town’? £ What else is Suzdal famous for? Tloésaxa 8 Mockey, Baagsimap Cisaans? Kaxda xopéuiax més! Towemj? TMoromy ro Mocxsé- Baapriap-Cisnam - 310 «onorée Kompué> ~ 3uéuHT aM M pYockas ucTOpua m pcoKas KyNbTJpa u pyocKax xpacord. Mot yaé ae, 1ro Mocxed — cromina Pocciin, HO To TaKKE, KOHEMO, SueM crépsilk Pfocksit répon. Bramimap nu’ Cysnan téxe duenb crapsie pYcckue ropond, xpaciite u ucropitueckue. B CYsnane Buamimupe ect xpactiaiie, crépsie my3éu, népKeu, coéépu u névaraaxn. Xori Bnamimup Suen» craputit POpon, TaM TaKKe HAXSAATCR JABAL, THe NPOUsBOAAT rpixropst, xommbiorepst aéaior xpactipatit xpycrém. Cfanam ~ 50 myséii-répox - sudsur tam mirepécumte Myséu, MAMATHMKH, OueHb crapas,, Kpaciinax apxuTexr/pa. B CYsnane ect xpaciipste camki a oropéast, rie BRIPAIMNBAIOT OTypUEi H HOMHTODEI. seipayuBare fo grow 2an6q factory sonoroii golden Wael both... and norépuia history konsyo ring Kpacoré beauty ‘orypéy (fieeting &) cucumber ‘eropéa kitchen garden némaTHMK — monument noésaKa joumey nomnaép tomato notomy 470 because ‘onon soos 47 2. 2 0ono soatre qsaesodubeduosod Q Ess nponspopmte to produce 2066p cathedral xora although xpyerane (m.) kpacisan pyockar: uo3 a beautiful Russian church GiKey phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practise saying each phrase. ‘Where is it possible to buy postcards? Itis necessary to buy a ticket. i ‘What sort of museum is it? £ It's not possible (one may not) smoke here. OK. eaore | YON MOU 1s 4 ~LMOLO oy%aLroNd é In this unit you will learn + how to ask for and give ‘simple information about cost and availability + further ways of describing where thinas aregamoue ousu0x9 2 Ht ‘Anna is trying to get two tickets for the theatre and tries first at the hotel service bureau (Giop6 o6cufaxnBanns), then at a kiosk. Anna Cranaire, noxAnylieTa, sfecb MOKHO saKasaTe Gunéret 8 TedTp? AesyuKat — MorKno. Anna Xopowis. ¥ Bac ecTe GUNéTh Ha ceroAHS Ha BENE? Desyucai — Her. Ho na ceroqna Ha Bé4ep y Hac eWyé ecTe 6unéthi B uMpK. XoTvTe? Anna Cracii6o, HeT, B LApK A He XONy. Deeyua Hac ecT 6unéTbI B TedTp, HO TOnbKO Ha SABTpa. Xorate? Anna Cnaci6o, Het. A xouy Gunére! Ha cerbaHA Ha Bévep. flesyuikai — SHdeTe, MHOrAa MOKHO KymiT® GunéTe! B Kacce ian B KudcKe. Anna B Kudoxe? Teeyuat — fla, KnOck Haxdguron Wa yrnye, Hanéso oT anTéKn, Henanexé oF CTAHUMM METpO. Anna nacho. Ho camnanua. Aesyuikat = Moxkanyiicra. Anna (At the kiosk) Cxaxxitre, nokdnyiicta, y Bac eCTe OunéTel Ha cerogHA? eaywxa2 — Ha kaKoit cnexraKnb? Anxa Ha 6anét «)Kusénb». esyuxa2 Her. Y Hac oni Ovnét Ha Onepy «KapnéH> 4 ersipe Gunéra Ha nsécy «Tp cecrpém Yéxoa. Anna Oi, Kak xopowd. A YéxoBa SYeHD MIOGNI. Cxénisko cTout GunéT Ha nbécy? Desyuxa2 — Bocempgecsr pyonéi. ‘Anna Dairre, noxénylicta, apa Ounéra Ha mbécy. Desyuwxa2 — Tloxanyiicra ... C Bac cro wecrbgecst py6néit. (Anna hands over a 200-rouble note.) Y Bac HeT ménoun? Anna Vsenniite, wet (Receives change and tickets.) Cnaci6o 6onsuide. Aesyuxa2 —Noxanyiicra. saKaaars to book, reserve Gunéret Ha cerépHia Ha Béxep tickets for this evening ens stil ceréqua today séetpa tomorrow wsoraé sometimes yrmya street Hanéso oT fo the left of Henanexé or not far from va kak6i cnexrakn? for which show? Ha nbécy «Tpu ceotpsim for the play ‘The Three Sisters’ CKONBKO CTOT GuNér? how much does a ticket cost? sécempgecst py6néii eighty roubles ‘ahrel give! (command form) Apa Gunéra two tickets ce pac cro wecTeAecsit that comes to 160 roubles py6néh (lit. from you 160 roubles) ysac her ménown? haven't you got any change? §B Biopé o6cnyxueanna Service bureau Most large hotels have a ‘service bureau’, where guests can book tickets for excursions and the theatre, plane and train tickets, arrange car hite and book tickets to hotel amenities such as the sauna and swimming pool. Kudex Kiosk Kiosks are a frequent feature on the streets of big cities in Russia and are a convenient way of buying such things as flowers, postcards, maps and sweets. They usually bear a sign indicating what is on sale (e.g. look out for ypersi for flowers, TaGaK for cigarettes, ‘Tearpanbibiit if you want to buy theatre tickets). Y Bac HeT méno4n? Haven't you got any change? Note that ménoub (f,) is small change; the Russian word for money given to the buyer as change is pata. Questions 1 True or false? a Attwa xover KynHTs Gwier B nupK. b Hemaa xyauts 6user » xuocke. c Ania xo4er xynuTs apa Gusera. 2 ElMo19 onsLr0"9g 8 gano1e 019079 2 Answer the questions! Kane Gusierst MoxHO KymmTh p 6topo OOcHYxMBAHHS Ha cerogHa Ha Bedep? b [ne naxommtea Knock? ce CKombxo cTouT Gusiet Ha mbecy? = How do you say it? How to: 4. Enquire about availability Y pac ecth Gusétbi? 2. Ask for tickets to places and evenis V pac ects Gunérst B TeATp? Y pac ect Gunérsi Ha Onepy? 3 Ask how much something costs Cxénbxo créut Onnér? 4. Express the amount due C nae aécars py6néii. 3 Express location and distance from Haxéso or Teérpa. Hemasiex6 ot cranium merpé. Grammar 4 Band wa + accusative: ‘to’ We already know that these two prepositions are used with the accusative case in order to express motion and direction towards: Ow wate rocrinmy, He is going into the hotel. In this unit we see a further very useful role for n/a + accusative a ticket to the theatre a ticket to the opera Gunéy » Tedtp Guner Ha Snepy Notice that when a place is specified » + accusative is used, but when the performance or day/date is specified, wa + accusative. is used. This use of na + accusative involves the idea of planned for/intended for and is very common in such phrases as: SL xoug Kyntirs Mos10K6 Ha T want 10,buy some milk ‘px, for supper. SA we audio, 470 Kymire wa I don't kn she coisby, ow what to buy for the wedding. In the case of mupx (circus) w + accusative is usually used, as in Russian it is the (permanent) circus building that is implied, rather than the event. 2 Ha + prepositional: ‘in’ or ‘at’ ‘There is a group of words with which the preposition m is not used when expressing the position in or at; with these words you must use ua, Here are the most common (a fuller list is given in Appendix 1): at the (rallway) station (terminus, main tine) at the (bus/underground/small railway) station at the post office at the stadium infon the square infon the strest at the concert at work in the east in the west in the north in the south 3 The genitive case Once you know this case all sorts of possibilities are opened up! The principal meaning ofthis case is of. For example, if you want to say This is Viktor's book, in Russian you must say This is the book of Viktor — the way you do this is to put the word Viktor into the genitive case. The genitive case is also used: a after quantity words: e.g. mut6ro, a lof; exémxo, how many and how much; 6yrésmKa, a bottle b after certain prepositions: e.g. Ges, without; aa, for; n0, until, before, as far as; 03, from (out of, ot, (away) from; néexe, after; © (down) from, since; y, by, near, at the house of zanois ovauoxsqunoi osu & after numerals (after 2, 3, 4 the genitive singular is used; for ‘qumbers 5 and above, see pages 56, 75 and 251). @_ innegative phrases: e.g. I haven't got ... eee eee straightforward nouns (ie. masculine nouns ending in a consonant, neuter nouns endings in -0, feminine nouns ending in -a) take the first option and all the others take the second option. The genitive case of the personal pronouns is shown in bold below: Use Example Meening a Mens on, on6 eré MB Hac = Ok BX of Oro KHitra ByacTopa: This is Viktor's book ‘Tht TeOH ond e&8 BbI Bac quant Y pac unoro Garaxal Youve alot of uagage! _ Note that whenever any form of on, oné, ond is used after a prepostions _Hegantexé or resrpa Not far from | _ preposition, then the letter # must be added; y weré (he has) ~ a mactees Pectawer 6anéra havent gota ticket phrase we met in Unit 3. ¥ wer6 literally means by him there is; [mares Oe y is the preposition meaning by or at the house of and it is always _ followed by the genitive case ~ so if you want to say, for example, “The genitive singular of nouns is formed from the nominative in the, Boris has a passport, all you need to do is use y with the genitive of following way: Boris: ¥ Bopiea ect néenopr. Remove Add . 4 Animate accusative Masculine a As we saw in Unit 3, masculine animate nouns (i.e. those that yunpepowrér describe something which is alive) have their own accusative ending; univers ohis al ding; NepaneKé or yeusepeuréra not far rom the university . the good news is that this ending is exactly the same as the genitive aptomo6iins ° singular ending: YMeHf Her aromooina — | haven't got a car ‘ypameait a a Subject (nom.) Verb ‘Object (acc.) Meaning apa TpanBaa two trams Ber yoxé suéere —_ Bopiica? Do you already know Boris? Feminine bt Het, HO 8 ‘sHa10 Bixropa No, but | know Viktor roorAHMLa a anpdao Or rocrvinyet to the right of the hotel wepféna a “ NB Similarly, the genitive form of the personal pronouns is also their pH neper three weeks accusative form: Oana yaxé ander teOi? Does Olya already know you? cranu a ” neganexé oT cranumm not far from the station _. 5 Numerals rerpéae . “ | We have now met several of the numerals 1-20. Here is the full list: y Weré Her TeTpaaM the hasn't got an exercise book | several of the numerals 1-20. Here is Neuter & 1 onaH 11 opfHHaquate 16 wectHaquate rucem ° a 12 ppowiquars 17 comadquare y MeHA HET nucbMa [haven't got the letter 3 tpH 13 Tpwndquate 18 pocemHaquare e a 4 veTéipe 9 Agents 14 veTsipHaquyars 19 aeBaTHaqyaTe Heganekd oT MOpa not far from the sea ‘5 nat 10 pécath 15 naTHaquarb 20 ABaquate ananne ding * , . ; wanpdso oT sAéHIAA {0 the right of the building Note that if you are counting aloud from, say, 1 to 10, you start with Larpaco or saa Oe Notice that there is a pattern here and that each gender of noun has two options: masculine and neuter nouns in the genitive singular have the same endings (a or #), while feminine nouns end in bt oF m; the word pas (literally one time), not opi. ‘Ojiitm functions like an adjective - i.e. it has masculine, feminine and neuter forms and must agree with the word it describes: eawois oxsuoxooni Guxér onmé nenéns oané mncem Practice ° (one ticket) (one week) (one letter) i 87 8 Tina has two forms — 8a is used with masculine and neuter nouns, 5.1 Read and answer! 2 ur it must change to pe before feminine nouns (and, like 3 and 4,7 How many times is the i § ‘ en . 8 genitive singular used in this sent 5 | 2s atways followed by the genitive singular) : YY Anup qa Ounera wa mbecy Yexosa «Tp = enenee? g g awa Gusrera ase wenéan jaa mice ; g 3 (two tickets) (two weeks) (pwo letters) f {35.2 Read, answer and listen! 8 ‘One of the most frequent uses of numerals is when you're dealing ° Work out wh: ‘vith money, so it’s important to know the genitive singular of the Shock your answers t Loe ne ach of these answers, then word rouble, Russia’s main unit of currency: g to the recording. o " sak vo roubl a -Y Meus wer nactopra. g comin pyOm one rouble xupa py6aa nwo roubles : b Kuock waxomutes Henarexo or crannun MeTpo. 2S Numbers above 4 are followed by the genitive plural (see Unit 7), buts ¢ TLnan ropoma crour necaTe py6neii on as the genitive plural form of rouble is so frequently used, it is worth ee d On pa6oraer Ha 3anoze. : : € Ja, « o4ens mo6mo Uexona. noting it now: ars py6uéii five roubles : “There are 100 copecks to the rouble and it is important to know how 5.3 Read and answer! the copeck (kconéiica) forms its genitive singular and genitive plural: ‘You like listening to music, Look at the kiosk signs below and decide ‘rpm xonéitiat three copecks mate xonéex five copecks which one you would be most likely to visit. a TABAK 6 CkénbKo créuT? How much does it cost? ‘The verb to cost, to be worth ~ evowre ~ is a regular second b Conjugation verb, like ronopitrn; remember to use the 3rd person, AY]IMO KACCETBI plural (they) form of the verb if you're asking the price of more thary one item: © | KOTO Cxéapxo créur 6unét? How much is a ticket? . Cxésxo croat 6usérbi? How much are the tickets? 5.4 Look and write! Look at the list below, then write sentences explaini A laining what each person has () or hasn’t (X) got. The first one is done for you: 7 Word order Note how flexible word order is — it's quite acceptable to vary the Kro? Cofaxa Asromotum — Tesepon position of, say, subjects and objects in a sentence: a Omra v x v AI dues Oba “exons } Treally like b Basu x y v SI Uéxona dens moGm.J — Chekhov. bg Anak |x , x Y pac net Mé04H? Haven't you got a Y Ons ects cobaka m Teneou, Ho y Heé HeT abToMoGuaa. Ménoun y sac et? any change?qanois osuon & 5.5 Read and answer! ‘Which is the correct alternative? a Bu suqute Buxrop/Buxropa? b Dro npeca/mecy Yexona. ¢ Ona oveHb so6uT onepa/onepy. ad Sl xouy kynuts Guner Ha mbeca/mecy. e Bot Branumup/Buagumupa. Comprehension (31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! ; ; Hungry and thirsty after a day's sightseeing, Igor visits the yer (snack bar) in his hotel. Virope Ckaxnre, noxényiicta, y Bac ecTb MMHepanbHant Bona? Besyuka — Eco. Vrope CkénibKo crour opHé 6yTEuIKa? Fesyuka — f\écate pybnéi. | Wrops DBiire, noxényhota, ABe GyTeINKK. DesyuKxa — Foxényiiora. A ews 470? . Wrope Aaiire, noxdinytore, pm 6jroseH Kyoo4ex cxipa. quxa Macro xorvire? : rope la, néiire, noxényiicra, Tea nopywn Mécra. Hesywka — Moxanyiicta. Gro 808? Virope Tu... MAHYTOUKY ... ¥ Bac ecTb WOoKONaA? Aenyuika Her, y Hac ceréqHA HeT woKonaaa. Virope: Thr... Daiire, noxdnyvicta, oAHO MMpoxHoe. Hesyuxa — Moxanylicra, Sto ec8? . Vropp Ba, cnaci6o, 870 Bo8, CKénEKO ¢ MoHA? Desyuka — C Bac cémppecar pyonéh. Vropp Bot ... CT0. ; Ménoun y Bac Her’ Wome ° Manrosy «Ba «.. €6T (Gives her 70 exactly.) Desyuxa — Craci6o Gonbuise. Vrope Noxényiora. MuHepaneHan BORA mineral water 6ynsinka bottle euyé 470? anything else? 6yno4Ka roll Kycouex cepa macro nopyna mnnyTouKy nupéxoe 1 rope xoyer kyu apHo boy ebony 2 Onna Gyrsumxa crour a 100 py6aeit b 1000 py6nei —¢ 10 pyGneii 3B 6ycbere ceronns Her amacna bitioxomana ¢ cepa 4 Y ropa acts Menow bHeT Menon —€ TomBKO Ra pyOm 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a Of which country is Kiev the capital? b Why is Kiev known as the mother of Russian cities? © How many people live there? 4 Why do tourists like it? @ What do Kiev’s factories produce’? Kien - cromiua Vxpasiun, Sto duenm crépsit répon, «Mars pyccknx roporiéa». B Kilene xMBeT Ba MiUMOHA uenonéx. Kien Suenb xpactimetit répoz. On cromt na Gepery [uenps. Typricrst Suen» moGsT ornate B Kilene. 3nech ects mApxi, snech M cami, xémmuuTH, rocrimust, oMé.» érapixa, ucropriveckue apxnrex typi NaMATHHKH. Onndxo, Kiies — ne TOnbKO typucTiteckHi ueHTp, Ho riwxe agmmerpanipmiii, oxonosntuecrnii xysbTypusii ueurp Vxpariust. B Kiere naxéqatca Gombunie sanémb1, Tne néaroT camonérs, TeIeRHI0pEI, MOTOUMKIEI. iinois oxsuoxaBwenp —Dniepr (river) ‘pom érabixa holiday centre (lt. house of rest) xémnanr campsite carare pyecknx ropopés» the mother of Russian ties morouiKn — motorbike Hom but also orpeixéte to rest, have a holiday opnéxo however némsrank — monument camonét aeroplane crofiTe (eTOW, cToAuIe) fo stand Yepamua Ukraine {Key phrases : ‘Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to : the recording and practise saying each phrase. a b © da e Have you got any tickets? How much does a ticket cost? _- ‘How much do I owe you? CG Not far from the theatre. a “To the left of the school. Q Q = + qLeaeLlru TaN G OIRLULOLUDSdL &b In this unit you will learn + how to talk about likes and dislikes + how to ask people about their preferences8 aueeeue oresmnouttedu ( Dialogue ‘Anna has spent the morning at the museum, with Ira and Ira’s friend, Volodya. Mipa ro Tet npegnounréewe, AnHa, nelisdxn, finn noprperet? Anna Bonswe Bcerd A miOGMID nelis~KU, HO MHe O4eHb updeuroa ToT NOpTpST, BOH TAM. vipa ‘Ax, a, nopTpéT Penna, samedrensHan KAPTIHA 5 OyeHb XONY NOKAZATS e& Bondépe. a rae on? Bonoga (Sitting in the comer, yawning.) Oit, Kak cKy/4HO! ipa Hy, 470 Tal, Bonéga! Spece ec tax uurepécuo! Vi Kapries Takie naTepécHbie! A TeOA He nonMMaIOL Bonops Hy, Vipa, B08 O4eH» npdcTo. Th xyAboKtMle = SHOMUT B cB066qHOe BPEMA Thi MIOGMLN CMOTPETE Kapri. A A Tpeanownraio urpatb B xoKKeH ... A Tl, AnHa, miOOMUb xOKKéH? Auta (Embarrassed.) Het, He OveHb ... A npepnownraio fndpatb ... Mpa, spech d4eH> uHTepscHO M ‘KapTuHe! Guenb Kpachabie. HO Mbt 3zecd Y>Xé TPH acd ... Bonoga Mpasgal Mut yx6 tpi acd cuéTpMM KapTitel. Tenépe tune xO4eTCR nite ... Ham nopa naTH, Mpa. Wpa Ho A xouy noxasare Anne eu ... (Volodya groans.) ... Hy nggHo, noigéwre 8 rapaepes ... Anna, Adit MHe ‘TBOii HOMepOK, NOKANYiCTA. ‘Awa Bot oH, Mpa ... " cnaci6o Gonbuide 3a O4eH> usTepécuoe YTPO. Mpa SHaunT, Te6s HpdBuToR Stor My3éi? Anna fla, oueHb. Bonopa A cofudc novigém 8 Syibér! Mie cbpykroabil coK, A re6é uTO, Anta? : Anna Me vali, nookénylicra. Bonoga A Te66, ipa? Mpa Mae TOxe vali, noxanyicra. most of all landscape Treally like portrait splendid picture to show boring Gémuuie werd neviadox me yen HpaeHTeR noptpér sameudrenbHan (sameuarenbibii) KapTaHa noKasate eKyYHO £ i { i noiipém let's go sro Teil what next! Takie mMTepécHeie so interesting npéeto simple XyAOmHMK artist tne xOueTs nate I'm thirsty urpate 8 xOKK6H to play hockey wpa acd for three hours Ham nopa wari it's time for us to go noire let's go womepéx tag, metal disc ‘enach6o Gonbuibe sa thank you very much for ¥tp0moming cbpykréeeiit cox fruit juice ‘eI npeANOUNTéewe (npeANOUUTETE) you prefer (to prefer) 470 1266? what would you fike? (lt, what for you?) GB Xoxkéi Hockey Football and other games played on grass are oni y ly really practical in summer in Russia, but the climate there does favour the playing of i ‘ey; when Russians refer to hockey, it is usually th the game they have in mind. aly Ws form of to Tei! Come on now! Literally meaning that you, this is a useful way surpri Literally that you, xy of expressin. ise, ingignation or objection in response to what someone nas said Uo Bei! would, of course, be required if addressing more than one person or using the polite form. Homep6x Token This is the smail disc (usually motel) beatin 19 @ number, given i exchange for your coat at the rapaepé6 (see Unit 4). seen ‘A mo6nio/muHe Hpasutesn: Expressing liking Both these phrases express liking, but | mto6nid is more int , ense (love) and tends to apply in general (¢.g. A mioGrio mysbiKy —i ik i ike) and Hovel like music), whereas mHe Hpapmren is less intense (/ Mike) tends to apply to a particular occasion (MHe HpaetcR SToT KouLépr ~ / lke this concert). Questions ‘True or false? 1 a Bombe scero Auia mo6ut nelisaxn. b Vipa we nomumaer, nlovemy Boavas ronopitr «xax cxysnol» ¢ Vipa - raccupuia. Oil B Mysee yxe Yernipe sac. ¢ Vipa aymaer, «To uM wopa waTH. Answer the questions! Bonons mo6nt myseii? ro ects B Myzee? Tlosemy Mpa so6urt xapriust? ‘ro Anna xoveT mrs? Boer yD nite (itteguiar: bio, MG ... bIOT) {0 drink How do you say it? How to: 1. Enquire about preference Uro Tot npennosnréem? Yro pot mpennommraere? 2 State preference AA npenmownraro urparh B xoKKE Boxpure werd a 06m nelisdxn. 3 Ask about likes and dislikes i 9 Tyr mo6mum cnopt? But mbGure cnopt? ‘Te6é updputes Stor My3éi? Bam upapures Sto myséii? 4 State likes and dislikes A (Sens) m06mO ... Ane (Sens) 106m ... Mue (Suen) Hpaputes ... Mue ne (Suen) mpapates .. Grammar 4 B+ accusative in ‘to play (at)’ A further use of B + accusative is found in the construction ‘urpars. B’ ~ 10 play (at); note that this is used for games and sports: urpirs p yt66m 10 play football urpare B miixMart to play chess NB If you want to talk about a musical instrument, B + accusative is not used; wa + prepositional is required: urpare na pnéiire to play the flure umpire wa rurape to play the guitar g 2 ‘Has/have been...’ In order to say we have been looking for three hours (i.e. an action which is still going on at the moment of speaking), Russian simply uses the present tense and no word for for: Mur yoxé rp wacd cmérpum .. 3 Cnacn6o 3a + acc ive Thank you for --This is the way to say ‘thank you’ for something: Cnacii6o 3a xxypran. Thank you for the magazine. Cnacii60 3a xntiry. Thank you for the book. 4 Dative case ‘The principal meaning of this case is to or for. For example, if you want to say Olya gives the tickets to Viktor, then the way to do this is to put Viktor into the dative case: Subject (nom.) Verb Object (ace.)__—Indirect object (dat.) gives the tickets to Viktor Rast Guero Brwropy(vote that in English the indirect objects often hidden, because we __—_The dative singular of nouns is formed from the nominative inthe do not always include the word to: Olya gives Viktor the tickets.) following way: 67 ‘The dative case is also used: gs + with the prepositions x and no in the following ways: ‘ jemove Add a3 Masculine 38 x HaM towards us/to our house ; par . y 3 x Mpe to Tra’s (to Ira’s house) t 8 6pary xéueton oTabixét Her brother wants to rest a ; yttrons . 5 no jamue along/downtup the street ‘ ‘«fla,» rosopiir ob ysrenio “Yes,’he says to the ° no 16poay around/throughout the town : teacher ve os f Anexcéi a no Teneniisopy on the television i ms a © Lk - nis AAeT KHMTy AneKcé1 the «with méaato (it is possible, one may), weabaii (it is impossible, Oa oes the ook to 2 one may not), Wino (it is necessary) and mops (it is time to): ; Fomine a Dative of person (e.g) wopé infinitive ‘ 068K a . Bonéae nopa anti (it’s time for ; CobaKe xOueTca urpate ‘The dog wants to play Volodya to go) Ona * ° + idiomatically in phrases with mpdpurest (to express liking) and Kypé on npér? - K One Where's he going? — xéueren (to express wanting, feeling like): vps To Oya's . api Dative of (eg) Mapiiu nopa nara Its time for Marva to go” . person uppuren noun | peeps i ® " ‘Aue spasurea Stor myséit (Anna likes Eernner x aséon e's walking to this museum) fs walking towards - ‘Neuter Expression Meaning oKHO ° Ona gaét 6unéra Olya gives the tickets to On gr « ony He's walking towards y Bukropy Viktor the window Mxo Kote, noxanyicra Coffee for me, please i ope e ‘ Away « Baktopy I'm going to Viktor's : k MOpio towards the sea Oné ropopir no ‘She's talking on the . nate e © ‘renecony telephone 4 On wat k sani: He's walking towards Mae Hao pa6orar> ve got to work the building ¢ Te66 HerbaA KypiiT ‘You mustn't smoke Mue 04a) HpaBnToR Treally like this play . ‘ora neous Note the dative form of the subject pronouns: Bondpe x6ueTca Volodya wants to rest ovapxéts A mane Mh nam Te Te6é BbI Bam 08, oH emy on am ond ek ie2 8 sieseuu oremnout/odu Q a 5 Stor This Sror is a demonstrative pronoun and means this. It has three forms jn the nominative singular (masculine, feminine and neuter) and one in the plural and it must agree with the word it describes (a list of case endings of Stor is given in Appendix 1): sror yuupepourér this university Sra rocrimmmua this hotel $ro aaéune this building fru Tedrper these theatres Note that the neuter form ro is identical to the word for if is/this is/these are. Practice 6.1 Read and answer! Choose a word/words from the list below to complete each sentenice or to answer the question, (NB Not all the words in the list are needed!) Yissumure, nomanyiicra, Bbr He , rie MeTpo? Y pac ectb naciopt? Y mena B Homepe Tesieibou HE 3nech MoxHO ororpaduponate? Y pac muoro 2 Wenb3a KYpUTb. Garena Ta, sor on =a, MoxHo padotaere — Bopucy Za, Bor ond mean ee swaere paGoraer (36.2 Read, answer and listen! ‘You are asking the service bureat in your hotel about museums in the city. Complete your part of the conversation; then listen to, the complete conversation on the recording. Bor (a) Ask if there are any museums in the city. DesyuKa Konéuno! ¥ Hac mi6ro. Bet {b) Ask if these museums are near the hotel. Desyuxa fla, weaanexd oroioga (from here) ecte Sonbwoin my3eit Bot (©) Ask what there is in the museum. Aesyuixa B myaée Kpacipsie KapTiMLt cTépaa Mébenb (furniture). Bot (a) Ask how much a ticket to the museum costs. Hesyuika Aeaquate pyonéi. Ber (@) Say ‘thank you very much. Goodbye’. BesyuKa Hé 2a To. lo oBngénun. 6.3 Read and answer! Put the words in brackets in the correct form: a A mpeanowurato Kobe 6e3 (ton0K0). b Ceroasis nevepom mot nase (Bopuc). © 3uaere, Bepa, (ots) yxxe nopa wxrn. Her, myseli xe ovenp nanexo oT (rocramma). e @ owes xoueren OTMBIXaTD. 6.4 Look and write! Look at the pictures and write a ‘ook at the sentence about the preferences of a Bopae npennowmraer urpars » Texmuc. b Bonoga ¢ Baqum raraps d lena wi xOKKei Comprehension 31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! A journalist from the newspaj i i per «CuopT» is visitin; he interviews Lona Ermakove, astadent there. ma 2KypHannct = 3apascreyiite, Méva, Mea sopyt BikTop. A us ragérei «CnopTs, Jlena 3ppéecreyirre. 69 = Ba & i z é 90x 3 sieaeuu oreimhoutiedu is 90 akypHanver — Cxaxiire mie, Jena, Bb ueyudere MaTeMaTMky, a? Flena Da, maremariny. >Kypanwer Bam Hpdawros KypC? Siena Bla, kype Ouenb mrepécrbll. dKypHanuer AUTO Bb! AénaeTe B BOSOAHOE BpEMA? Teva Hy, © cmorpio enesiisop, 4ATSIO MHOFO, W ONEHD mioonie nndpare. dKypHanner Bui vdcTo nndsaete? Jiena Her, He 4acTo, noTomy 4To Gaccéith HaxXOquTcr anex6 oT goMa. >Kypnanner A gpece, 8 yausepeuTére, ecre cnoprsan? Jleva Da, ect. Sto HeGonbwd” cnopTsan, THe MOKHO. urpatb B BoneNGON u GackeT6On. mathematics enopraan sports hall swimming poo! 2 Ona nymaeT, §TO 1 JHena maysaer a pycckunlt seni a Kype oven cKysHsit b MatemaTuKy Db xype He oven © MysuiKy ¢ Kye He oveHb xopoumit d anramiicenit soon d Kype oven» waTepecHbiil 3 Tena unapaer we ove» YacTO HOTOMY, YTO ay Heé MHoro pa6oTst bona He oven» m0GuT naabaT> ¢ ona mpennownTaeT UIpath B BOeHGON d Gacceiit nanexo oT e& noma 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English “What sort of building is the ‘Tretyakov Art Gallery housed in? Exactly where is it situated? “Who was the founder of the gallery? ‘Why are Repin, Surikov and Ivanov popular? B Mockeé waxéqurca wanécTHas TpeTbakoncKan Tanepés. Sto Oyen KpaciiBoe um TumsHo pyecKoe sndnne, On waxOnuTes B UEHTPe TOposa, HeMATeKS OT craw metpé . OcHosarem rasiepélt =" Cepreii Muxdiinosus Tpetbaxén (KIX péxa) — moon Gort mockéscknit Kynét n ynéu. B ranepée yanxésss oaéraman pjecrolt mlponmn. Tant nanpiniep MORO sige, usnéoTaste Kapritast Pénuna, C¥puxosa a Msanona (Pénuu, Cypuxon, Mnduon - xynéxuun XIX 3éxa) Tam ects noprpérst i neiisdoan, Ouenb wopécrHEie jaSpHBIe, HOTOMY uTO OMT WZ06pAx«di mpoBnéet Poccin XIX néKa. pemmon meee wapéoTHbsit ‘Tpereaxésoxan ranepén ‘ochonérens (m.) Bex Goréreiit Kyny KonnéKyna >kaBonMes (f,) wso6paxars aKnaHt (f) npoGnéma YauKdnbHbait G Key phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Li the recording and pracise saying each phrase. Histen 0 What do you prefer? Most of all I like football. I profer to play the guitar. Do you like this picture? Do you like sport? enorQdIJO ySod Sy} ye @LhOL! CH In this unit you will learn + how to request information about cost, availablity and necessity + how to give information about cost, availability and necessity €3 Dialogue Anna has asked Ira to go with her to the post office to help her buy envelopes, stamps and posteards. Mpa Auna Mpa Ana Yipa Anna Mpa Ania ipa Cari, Anta, UTO Te66 HY>KHO? A XO4Y Kym KOHBEPTeI, MAPK M OTKDEMTKH. Ck6nbKo orxpéiToK x64ewb? llect» Kpactabyx OTKPEITOK 4 wecTe MApoK. Kya Tet xoeus nocndts Sta orkpéirKn? 8 Anrniio? Aa, 8 Aurnuwo. BHauUT, wecTe OTKPEITOK HM WeCTe MaPOK NO ASBATS Py6néit. CkdnbKo KonBéptos xOuewb? Rare. A rpe mOxHO KyniiTe Bcd 410? Bou Tam... Bvigmus oKoWKO? ... «flpogéKa mapox, KOHBEpTOB, OTKPEITOK™. gi cK@kh AeByIIKe: [aiiTe, RoxénylicTa, Wect MApoK, WeCTS OTKpEITOK HM nsTe KoHBépTos, TlonstTHo. A euiB 470 Te6é HYKHO, KPOMe OTKpEITOK, MApOK 1 koHséptoe? Me 80 nocnéts e-mail aoméit, Ara. ST KOH64HO MO>KHO B rocTi#HHye, vinn y MEH AOMa. A Te66 UTO-HiBYAb HYPKHO? a, wapxn ana moerd cocépa. To Te66 HYKHO? what do you need? kounépr no Aésare pynéi eKéwKo counter, position (in a post office or bank) npogama sale MAM cKaKA RéByurKe — go and say to the girl (go and tell the gir) kpome apart from nocnire e-mail to send an e-mail OMOH home (it. to home’, tomewards) y mons néua at my house (lt. by me at home) 1266 urS-unByap Homo? — do you need anything? ‘Ann moeré cocéaa for my neighbour exnou en~ ainou en 3 @B Ha noute At the post office Most tourists buy postcards and stamps in thelr hotels, but it is possible to buy items such as posteards, envelopes and writing paper at the post office. E-mails can be sent from hotels (the larger cope often have a business centre - GissHec-yeHTp) and telephone calls abroad can also be made from hotels. CKaxKn pépyuice ... Tell the girl ... Note that the word ageyunka (gin) is a very useful one! Here It Is being used to denote the post office employee; as there are ne Puscen equivalents for Miss, Madam, etc. it is also the way of fttracting the attention of a shop assistant, waitress or female {between the ages of about 15 and 50!) whom you don’t know. Monopdi Henonék (young man) is the masculine equivalent. Questions 1 True or false? a Auta XO¥ET KYIITS TOABKO OTKDEITKH. tb Agua XOUCT MOCIATh OTKPHITKH B ‘Aurumio. Ha mosre nemb3n KymITs KOMBEPTHL - 2 Answer the questions! a Kaxne orpxurrkn Anna xouer KyniTs? b CkomsKo Koupeproe ona xoueT? ¢ Mpa xoyer nocsaTb e-mail ,oMoii? How do you say it? ‘How to: 1 Enquire what is needed Yro Te6E/pam HYKHO? Tebé/nam HYAHO STO-HHOYAL? 2 Express cost per item Tects Mapox no sépaTe py6x 3 Request instructions Uro wago nénaTh? 4 Give instructions unit cxantt/Humire cxaxiire! Grammar 4 Yro Te6é HYKHO? What do you need? Note that in this phrase the person who ni i rase_ eds something is in the dative case and that its literal meaning is What vo you is necessary? 2 Domi (To) home The word om (house, home) is unusual in that i i at it has forms not in other words when it means home, namely: not found a6Ma at home HoMéii to home Note that 8 ame means in the house and p Nom means into the house. 3 Numerals In Unit § we met all the numerals up to 20. C m . Compounds of m are formed quite simply (aote that there are no hyphens). names apéqyar> Apaquats TpH Spiiayate Tpiayats nar cépox natepecs cro Aéeate aséotn TpvcTa yerbipecta narecét uiectecér ‘cembooT pocemncér aenrtecér TeionNa, mecTejeciT coéMenecaT péceMeecat eeandcTo ero. SSeyygaggyy In Unit 5 we saw that numerals 2, 3,4 are alway ith : 3, ys followed by the siigular case. Note that this also applies to compounds of 2, 3, on apitaars pa Ounéra 32 tickets apAnaTS Tp KHETH 23 books Note too that when you are dealing with comy : f ypounds of 1, the no that follows stays in the nominative singular ie it agrees with I. apiumiars omit Guster 31 tickets apaquats omud xwmira 21 books See Appendix 1 for more information about numerals. 75 ‘aunou eH76 einou et 20 4 Tlo géBaTS py6néii Nine roubles each “The preposition no, followed by the accusative case of the number, is used to express price per item, €.8.: ‘Sam meat no 100 pyGxéil. ‘These books are 100 roubles each. 5 Adjectives - genitive singular and plural We have seen that adjectives must agree with the nouns they describe jn number (singular or plural) and gender (masculine, feminine or neuter) — they must also agree with the noun they describe in case (nominative, accusative, genitive, etc.). Adjectives ~ genitive singular In the dialogue we saw the phrase aan moerd cocéna (for my neighbour). The preposition mx must be followed by the genitive case, so both the noun (eoeés) and the adjective (Moi) have been put {nto the genitive singular. Leatning the adjective endings is not too complicated if you remember the pattem: masculine and nenter ndings ate the same and, as for nouns, there are always two endings to choose from: For ordinary adjectives, ie. those like ersipssit (old) which end in ‘ait (masculine), at (feminine) and -oe (neuter), the genitive singular endings are as follows: Gen. sing. adjective créporo crapoh créporo (Note that the pronunciation of the ending oro is ovo.) ‘An exception to this pattem occurs when you are dealing with ‘adjectives whose stem (ie. what's Ieft when you've removed the Tast two letters) ends in: a, 4%, Hy Mt, ‘this is another important spelling rule: these letters, can never be followed by an unstressed 0. So, for example, in the adjective xopéumtt, we cannot use the endings given above for the genitive Singular the following must be used instead (note that the pronunciation of eré is yiv6): Nom. Remove Add — Gen. sing. adjective xopoumii “Wk sero xopéuero Fem. xopouai -8A -eh —_xopoweit Neut, xopowee — -e8 sero KOpOUerO Note how this spelling rule also Note bow this spl Hing le ls affects the neuter form of the Kind of exam adjectives Moii, Tsoii, uam, amt al! take this second ‘Sro nondpox aa Moeré Gpata. This is a present for my brother Adjectives - genitive plural ‘The genitive plural of adjectives is rather more strai straightforward — here, whatever the gender ofthe noun you are desribing, thee are only two P endings: -b1x and -ix; always use the first (-btx) unless you are dealing with an adjective whose stem ends i jeters which may never be followed by out (eX. 8, 4, om ws met Nom, Remove crépesit bit ~ Add Gen. pl. adjective ex cTapeix wdrreHeKix ménenbKnit vit mK (smal 6 Nouns - genitive plural In the Dialogue we met several examples of the geniti ¢ genitive plural (e.g. meer kpactnuss: orepirrox, cxéteo Koméproe). we nave fon seen that the genitive plural of adjectives is quite straightforward (either «bx or -mx); the genitive plural of nouns is rather more complicated, because here the ending depends on the gender of the nous (and, unusually there are more than two endings to choose from), The table overtea shows how to form the genitive plural rom Feminine nouns ending in a and neuter nouns ending in 0 si the last letter of the nominative: when the result is caer of consonants at the end of the word this sometimes leads to the insertion of an 0 or an e. Here are some common examples: Mapka qmects Mapox six stamps OKHS mectTh 6KOH six windows xgsyuixa wert péwymex six girls (Le. e after Tm) aéubrn = Miro néner a lot of money (i.e. e replaces soft sign) Very occasionally, a é is used and the most commor i Ver padi n example of isin the word cetrpé (sister): natn ceexép (five sisters). ms Note that not ali clusters need this treatment! seat howe nt! Some common words écro — NATE MecT ‘five places ezhou eH7 ‘eanou eH Remove Add Masculine 6s nner andro GnNéTOR a lot of tickets , » ei apTowobin’ fpece Her azrouosiineli there aren't any cars here is eB spameaii ate ThawBées five trams Feminine _ co6aKa ‘oKorbKO CO6E? how many dogs? . a nepéna ects Heng six weeks , a coranun cou crénuyit seven stations ; a belt reTpaa | apece het TeTpaneit there are no exercise books here ‘Neuter . ecto el ect Het! no vacancies! | eh none ° ni6ro nonéh many fields : i ° panne - anoro onan many buildings tive plural also have an e nouns which have an irregular nominat taegvlen genitive plural. Here are the most common (a full list of irregulars is given in Appendix 1): 7 Accusative plural iti ill be able to deal that you have met the genitive plural, you wil ‘ ae oT ‘couns and adjectives in the accusative plural as well: all inanimate (i.e. not alive) nouns and their adjectives in the plural look exactly the same as they do in the nominative, while all animate plural | 7? nouns and their adjectives look exactly the same as they do inthe | 3 genitive: i SK ducns moGmo wnrdrs ——‘ really like reading a pYcexne raérsi. Russian newspapers SI duenp mo6m0 cmorpér» ‘I really like watching PYCCKUX aKTEpon. Russian actors. Practice = 7.4 Read and answer! ™“ You're on a shopping trip, but aren’t having much luck. Every item you ask for has been sold out! (Remember that not any is wer + genitive.) a mitrepecibie oTKpsITKH ~ ¥ bac ect unrepeciie oTKpEITKH? = Vispunure, ceroaua y wac HeT HHTepecHEIx OTKPSITOK. Now make up similar sentences for the items below: ‘Tearpanbuste Onnerst merepecubie KEHTH pyockwe raserst cRoGosmnle (free, vacant) MecTa aurmuiicxne XxypHasist menos (37.2 Read, answer and listen! ‘You are in a post office. Complete your part of the conversation, then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Bor a Say ‘excuse me, please’. Desyuixa Aa? Bat b Ask how much it costs to send a postcard to England. DesyuKa 15 pyonei. But © Ask for five stamps at 15 roubles. Desywxa Bor, noxkényiicta. Sto 8c8? Bor d Say ‘yes, thank you, that is all” Desyuxa Noxényiera. flo cangénmn.7.3 Look and answer! Look at the advertisement for a fax machine, What does the advertisement say the fax machine is for? amouer 8 a! BM3HECA Ce , 7, S| Vy, & iil ji @AKCHI AIA ia TIPOMECCHOHANIBHOTO 7.4 Read and write! : i ind of stamps following people want to send postcards. What kind of stam do they meed to buy? Look at the example, then write similar sentences for the others: CxomsKo , Kaxue mapkn? Kro Kyaa? orKphiroK? 15p a Tiwelin = Aurnma 5 b Tharp ‘Amepirca 6 16p ce Tat Vinuuss 3 16p 50K ad Mt panu 7 15p e Cama —_‘Tlerepoypr 2 12p foo Kauana 10 16p 50x a Tbxelin xouer nocaarh Matte OTKpAITOK B Aurmno, 3uasT et ano KYIMTb THATS Mapox Wo risTHamMaTe PyOstelt 7.5 Read and answer! Who likes doing what? Match the following questions and answers. 4 O4CHE SOOUT a 3xauur, on moGur mire. io. Sha ova IH0OHT 2 Bopuc oven s00GuT BOAKY. ormBixare. 3 Mena ne s006H 3uaynrr, ona 0OuT unrats (to read). padorars. 4 Baga oven» mo6HT a 3nast, ona mo6ur bubs. urpath B TeBHHC. 8 Anaa ovenb moouT e 3xawrr, on uoGuT cnopr. CMOTpeT® TesIeHHSOP. i ' 7.6 Read and answer! Complete the questions below using the appropriate question word: a _____nac sonyt? d Bur ne staere, MeTpo? b ___6uneros mi e xoTuTe? ____ Bama bas? © _____ br mere? faa tor jobs cMoTpeTs? Comprehension £31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! ‘On her way to the post office, Natasha meets her friend Olya, Ona Harawia, npweét! Kak gend? Harama — Honnioxo. A Th! kya gdb, Ona? Ona Fupy wa noury. Harawa Va TOxe! Uo TeGé Tam HipKHO? Ona Mue? Ténbko KoHBépTet. A Te66 470 HY>KHO? Harawa — Me #ago nocndT» Sor nogapox Gpary Ha er AeHb poxgenna. ona Arge npét Toi 6par? Harawa B spore, SHauuT, MHe HA gO NocnaTs eMy NomApoK No noure. Ona Tlonstho. Ho Kakan Gonbuiés noctinka! Harawa = Ja, npaega, Conbwias. Ona Usrrepécto, Kak6it Sto nogépoK? Harawa — Caifrep. Ona Kaxés Tel xopéwan cecrpa, Haréwal Haraua =—(Laughs.) fla, npaspa, xopowasl Apusér hello (informal) no néuTe 3 wennéxo not bad Y post noskinka parcel eBitep sweater cectpa sister Mopapok present ek» poxagnun binhday 10 Ons nner 2 Ona xover xymmrs a Ha BoKsam a Konpepret MapKH bp mikony b TomKo OTKpsITKU © Ha nouTy € TOWIBKO KOHBEpTAt dna cranion @ orkperran 1 Mapxu g ainou eHauou es @ 3 Harama xouer nocnars a e-mail ZoMoii b_nomapox 6paty © oTKpEITRY cecTpe 4d nmchMmo Gpaty 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a What is Novgorod’s nickname, according to the old Russian proverb? From which century does the city date? On which main road is it situated? Why do tourists particularly like this city? What is an icon? ‘What sort of work is being carried out by the restorers in the 14th-century church? g How long have they already been at work? Bor ommd cripas picckan nocuésuua: «Kies — MaTb picoxnx roponés, Mocknd ~ cépaue, Hésropoa ~ oréup. ‘A noxemy pYcckue ropopér, sto Hésropoa «anb. Pecropay, KéKeToR, saKpeir. Het, Her, Axa, 4To Thi! Jeep saKptita, a PectopéH, no-méemy, orkpsit. (Go into restaurant.) Spece Moro HapoAyl. KéxeTcA, cBOboaHEIX MecT ner. Kaxaa Tei cordaiin necoumiorKal Y axéqa Bee MecTa sdHsTel, a No-MGeMy BOH TaM ... B yrny ecTb cBoGOaHbie mecTa ... (Approaches table where one young man is seated) ... Vseunire, ToxényiicTa, secs cB060qH0? Aa, cao6oaHo. Mokényliera, camrece. Cnaci6o. A rae meno? Bot od ... (Waitress approaches.) A sot OcbMynaHTKa, MbI MOKEM saka34Tb. Cryjwiao Bac. Ckaxiire, noményiicTa, Kakwe y Bac saKycKH ceréaHa? YY Hac ceréqHA orypusi co oMeTaHol, STO 6ueHb BKYCHO ... FpHGEI eGTb ... A cyn xoTHTe? Cracit6o, Het. Mui He SueHb rnogHbs. AUTO ect Ha BTop6e? Wawntik ects? A dyeHb mocmid waLIneiK! K coxanéniio, ceréaHa y Hac HeT wauinbiKa. Y Hac CerogHA TONbKO KOTNETEI C piicoM. ‘A cKénieko oTOaT KOTNETBI ¢ pricom? 55 pyonei. Xopouwd. aire Ham, noxdnylicta, orypyst co cemeTaHol, KOTNETbI ¢ pricom, a Ha cndaKoe ... MopO>keHoe ... fa, AHA? Za ... w4aii c numéHoM, noxKAnylicra. Tak ... BaM OrypUs! ~ ABE NOpuMu, KOTNETBI ... Toke Abe Ndpynn, MopOxkeHoe ui Yai c Céxapom, Ba? Her, 8To Henpéeuncuo ... MHe Yai c siMMOHOM, noxanyiicra, He ¢ céxapom. Ax, gal Viseunitte sa ou6Ky! MpustHoro annetiral gontiogoas o1200 010 BAlthough many items may be listed in a menu, usually only those with capitreck, noxényiicra sit down, please, do sit down xan mane what piyname a price written next to them are actually available. Bread (xne6) is | 87 xaven soon usually onthe table as a matter of course. Atthe end of the meal you | nomen dosed will need to ask for the bill (én). 5 ‘OTKpiT open 8 pce mecré all the places a unéro Hapéay a fot of people Questions g Sew aaiee é meno menu 1 True or false? 3 8g oduynairKa —waitrose a Pectopant orxpur. saKaaats to order b Ecrs cnoGoguste Mecta y Bxoza. saKjexn starters © Cama xover cyn, o ‘orypust co cmeraHo cucumbers in sour cream 4d) Cama mo6ur mammix. ae BKycHo delicious, tasty, nice na stopée forthe second course € Anta xouer vail c smmoHoM. bi He O4eH» réno_Hb! we're not very hungry wawnsix kebabs 2 Answer the questions! KoTnétei c picom —_tissoles with rice Ha cnégKoe for dessert a Tue cno6onsre mecta? népuna portion b ” Kro (who) yoxe cunut 3a crosoM (at the table) 8 yrny? MopéxoHoe ice cream ¢ Anna u Cama rozonnst ceronns? aii c numéHom tea with lemon @ Uro ons xorsr wa cragxoe? ah c&xapom tea with sugar e ro Anua xoyer mus? HenpéeunbHo not right, not correct ApwitHoro annerira ‘bon appétit’, enjoy your meal H3BMHiiTe 3a OUNGKy sorry about the mistake/excuse the mistake How do you say it? How 1 Enquire about availability §B Pectopax Restaurant 'Y wac ects mauuntn? At busy times you may have to stand in a queue (64epeqp) for a table 2 Enquire about variety and you will want to attract the attention of the orpuuyratir (walter — Kaxsie saxyexn y pac ects? use «monogéh 4enoBéxl») or ocbmyndttKa (waitress - use 3 Ph «kapeHian KapTéuika chips Odmyvanr Auto Bei xoriire Ha cndqKoe? GmbwréKc — steak(burger) kapréuiKa potatoes)© s yorittogode ozsam aL 80 8.3 Read and answer! Match the questions with the answers: 1 Ana xover wait ¢ a Za, camwrecs, noxanylicra, MosTOKOM? 2 3nech cnoGomH0? b Her, of mpemountaer Msico (meat). 3. Taiire, noxxanylicra, cxér.e Her, ¢ a1mmouom. 4 Cama mo6ur psy? ~—d_ aitre, noxaayiicra, Gyruumgy (bottle) wun. 5 Cxomxo crour canar ce Tloxanylicra, Bor on. nomaopamn? 6 Yro per xorure mts? 20 py6aelt. 8.4 Read and answer! Complete the following sentences by choosing the appropriate words from the list below. (NB Choose carefully ~ you don’t need all of them.) PKYCHO, BKYCHEI, JJORONBHA, NOBOMBHBL, 3AKPEIT, 3aHAT, 3aHATHI, OTKPHIT, Pal, Panel, cBoSomHO, cormacer, cormacHa a Oli, ax sab, pecropax yxe Cxaxatre, noxaylicra, 9ro MecTo 2 ¢ Cama ovens , HOTOMY TO cerOmA ecTb OTYpULE co cmerarioil! Ama zywacr, sro pee Mecra B pecropanle yore Tia, craci6o, sor oven . Korserst oven f Sl aymato, ro wano saxasaTp BHHO. Tht , Ana? 8.5 Read, look and answer! BuiGepute Gnioga ana Panu! Choose a menu for Galyal Tana ne ove I06T Mxco, HO OHa O¥eH OGuT ORCUTT 1 dpykrst, Ona He Oven MOGUT THTp BHHO, HO OHA Ove qno6ur cox M Yai c m™MoHOM. Bot Mento B pecropane «Kasia». noun — vegetables Saxyexn Bropoe canat cnommfopamn one © cespom ccanar mactoti KoTneTst ¢ pico wauinssk Tepsoe CnaqKoe cyn c rpxbaun MopoxKeHoe yn .c Macon pyres Hanwrriw: Brivo, wannanckoe, cox, MuHepanbHan Boa, “ail, KOE a Kaxue saxycxn? b Uro na nepsoe? © Uro na propoe? d= Uro na cnapKoe? e Kaxwe nannrxn? Comprehension C31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! ‘Vadim sits down at a table ina snack bar and Viktor prepares to go to the counter to get something to eat and drink. Buktop — Capyice, Bani! Tam y axoga ecto cB op Canis y BxoAa o6dAHbIe mecTa. Buxtop ro Tb! xé4eub nitro, Bagi? Bagum — Auto sect ects? Buktop — Hy, ecrb ual, Kécbe, munepanbHaa Bona ... 4 OK. Bagum = Anitea agece Het? Buktop — Hy uto Thi, Bani! Konéuno Her. Bagum — Tora mue Kécbe, noxényiicra. Buxtop Auto bi x4eu ecte? Bag — Kane y Hux 6yrep6poab!? Buktop —C BeTumi6iiu c ceipom. Bagum = Oawn 6yrep6pog c cLipom, noxAnyiicra. Buxrop Sto cb? Bagum = fia ... a woxondg anu cbpyxrel ects? Buxrop — Uloxondga, KaxeTeA, HeT, ... a anenbotitibt ectb, Bagum — Tora mie, noxanyitcra, Kétbe, Gytep6pég ¢ céipom n anenteriy, goutfogoas ors0N o16 & 8036) BuKTop Bab npsarho. Migros . (Viktor returns with the tray roxe dueub nonyaipaen, Tapér 1 mpoxxi ¢ psiGoi of sandwiches, coffee, ete) ; OueHs BKYouI; ocHoBHEIe KoMmonénTe — pxiba 97 2 | Begum = Hy hae TH, Briktop! ... Begp ato 6yTep6poq c (nanpumép, guné xim6ant) um récro (ocHoBmEie g 5 BeTUMHO! KOMMOHEHTSI ~ MyKa, Ma 8 8 | Buxrop — Visennv 2a ownGxy, Bapvin! tyka, Maos10, aliti6, coms). g 3 g Gnmnel pancakes 3 8 ‘nize beer BeeMApHo MaBéeTHEIH 8 ee paca Sy i sera ham sanunére to occupy g 5 anensenin orange kanjora cabbage & MunyrouKy just a moment awa — porridge; buckwheat . Beab you know/realize komnoxéxr component " KYxHA cuisine; kitchen o mya flour ol. 1 Ecrs cno6onume mecra = 2“ Bag xouer mars Seoun vegetabies ay pxona a BHO ecHosH6a basic b Byrny Db BORKy on especially ir pie ¢ wa yanme ‘ coK nupoxKi pasties, small pies B TeaTpe BO conb (f.) salt 3 Banu xouer Gyrep6pon 4 BaguM xovet ecth yéera pasty, dough ac TOMNAOpaMnt a MopoxeHoe bané Kém6anei filet of plaice bc peTunnolt Db KoTneTst ¢ pucom ronGpietit cold © ¢ cuIpoM ce mur ee a dc uxpoit (caviare) d anemcun 2 Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English a What different kinds of soup feature prominently in Russian cooking? enee ‘What is the main ingredient of mm? ‘What are the popular ways of serving mushrooms? “What particular kind of pie is recommended here? ‘What ingredients are needed for the pastry? OKey phrases Can you remember how to say the following in Russian? Listen to the recording and practice saying each phrase. Is this place/seat free? Could I have the bill, please? (lit. Give, please, bill) Could I order, please? (lit. Is it possible to order?) enoee ‘What would you like to drink? (lit. What do you want to drink?) i . s. i P§ccxas Kjxaa — poesipyo waeécrnas, Hampumép, cor» ‘orry about the mistake. axe MsBécTHLIe HaNKOHAMbBte Gmioa, KAK TUT, OHS, muporti, Kéma, rpuGet m cymét Toxe saxmaitor GosreMIde mécTo B pYccKOM HaNOHAMKOM MeHo. B_ pyccKoli HauNONdmbHOH KyxHe ecTh MHdro cynés: HanpHMep ecTh it XOMOmHBIe H TOpAMMe CYNE, PEGE cyMEL, CyMEL ¢ micom 1 ¢ opoutimu. In — ropsumit cyn; ochopisH KOMMOHéHT — Kamera. PYcoxme dueup s0GaT rpu6es, ccdéenno rpHGsr co cMeTaHoi Hc HecHOKOM. TuporitESAe9| Uled] OY} SSOP USUM teeou é LuvoxLo ONGLIOND OF In this unit you will learn + how to ask and tell the time + how to ask and answer questions about particular times + how to request and give information about travel (3 Dialogue ‘Anna is at the railway station waiting with her fellow tourists for the train to St Petersburg. Ira has come to see her off. Vipa (Arriving in a hurry.) Ana, aot Tei rge! Bos T3808 rpynna secs? Ava fla, mbt ce égem 8 Cankr-Tletepbypr. Mpa ——Cénbko ceitdc epémenn? Anna — Dpdquars manyr AseHaquaroro. Mpa 80 cénbko orxdgut néeaa? Anna — B nénowe, 3Ha4nT, 4épes COOK MMHYT. Vpa Ara, nowATHo. SHéuwr, sd5tpa YTpOM Tol YrKE SYED B Cankt-flerepoypre. Anna — fla, 8 coms vacés. Mpa C60 Heit Te! Tam OYeulb? Anna — Boerd Tp AHA. Mpa —Te6é sesér, Annal Canxr-Nerep6ypr TaKéit kpaciiasii ropog, Vi scerad yAOOHO, KOHeYHO, ésqMTb NéesqOM. Anna Mouemy? Mpa —-MoTomy 470 8 noesge Tennd, npHATHO. MOKHO chaTb, TUT» wait, A GueHs MioGM éaquTb NoespoM. Ay TeOA KaKoi OnnéT Ha néesq? B onH KOHéY, 42? Avna Her, 4 o6paTHbsit OnnéT ... BOT On. Mpa Ar... wecTéi saréy, ueTBéproe Kyné, ABdAyaTe NeTséptoe MécTo. OT KaKOit nnarcbopme: oTxogWT née3q? Anna Or nfroit nnarepépmet. Ténoc Obpsansetca nocaaka Ha néesq Mockea-Cankt- Mpa Nerep6fpr. SnaunT, Te6S yxE nop, AHA, CNactnmBoro nyTi em rpynna the whole group met ace gem we're all going cKOnbKO ceitwac BpémeHN? — what time is it now? ABaAyaTD MUN/T ABeHAUATOTO twenty past eleven BO CKGNbKO? at what time? OTKOAMT (OTKOAMTS) _Jeaves (to leave) BnOnkoHb at midnight ‘uépes cépox manyr fn forty minutes’ time ‘séeTpa ytpom tomorrow moming at seven o'clock Reve (m.;leetinge) day ‘Tet 6yRews you will be Boeré inal, only i 99 8 g i 5 i 2 603 8 i 2 3 a 3 60 TeGé BeséT raKéit seernd YAOGHO (ynOOHbI) ésqure enn enats B OAH KOHEY Gunér wectoi Baru weréproe kyné nnarcopwa rénoe o6easnfirhen nocéaKa exacrnisore nyrat { i _AEKABPD - {8B Méesq The train ‘you're lucky ‘such a, 80 always ‘convenient, comfortable to travel it is warm to sleep one way a return tioket sixth carriage fourth companment platform voice fo be announced boarding bon voyage! have a good journey! ‘Accommodation on trains is usually either marKwit (Soft) or KECTKHI (hard; in the latte, seats may be wooden, but the Markit accommodation on long-distance trains is usually very comfortable, with two or four sleeping berths in each compartment of a kyné#Hbit BarOH or CnanbHBI BaréH (sleeper carriage); a nyayKpraeii Baréx has numbered reserved seats. Each carriage is looked after by a train attendant (apoBoAHiK or npopopHinya), who checks passengers’ tickets, makes sure that each compartment has the correct supply of bedding and supplies tea to the passengers (although refreshments may also be available in a Baréu-pectopan). Cxépptit nédesq is an express train, while aniextpituka is a local electric train and a naccaxdpeKnit néesg is a siow train. Public transport within towns (ropopeK6i TpéHcnopt) includes buses (ast66yeu)), trams (TpamBdv), trolleybuses (rponnéi6yct!) and, in some cities, an underground (merpé). Bus/tram/trolleybus tickets can be bought from the driver and each ticket must be punched when it is used (komnoctiposars, fo punch); passengers. gain entry to the metro system by inserting a token (keTéx) in the slot of an automatic entry barrier. It is also possible to buy a eAAHI 6unér ~ an all-in-one ticket which covers transport by bus, tram, trolleybus and underground. Questions 1 True or false? a Yixe comb acon. b 3aprpa yrpom Anua 6yner (Anna will be) » Cauxr- Terepéypre. Auna Gyzet 8 Canxr-Lerep6ypre versipe aus. Y Anat net o6parnoro 6utera, Tloes oTxoanT OT HATO IaTOpMEL. ene Answer the questions! 2 a Bo cxospxo oTxoqur noesa? bBo ckompxo Anna 6yzet 8 Canxt-Terepbypre? ¢ Uo pa rosopur o Cauxs-Ilerep6ypre? @ Tlouemy Vipa zymaer, ro noerma ygoGuo e3auts noesa0M? e Kaxue Guierst y Anni? How do you say it? How to: 1 Ask the time Cxésxo celtadc Bpémenn? 2 Ask at what time the train leaves Bo cxompxo orxdgur née3n? a2 “| 3 2 608 8 g i 8 B 8 g 5 60 3° Tell the time Cem yacén. 4° Say at what time B cemp wacén. 5 Request and give information about tickets Y pac eer oGparussit Gué1? Busér p oniin Koren, Buxér na néeaa Canxr-Ilerep6ypr. 6 Ask directions in the station Or xaxéit naaTpépmat oTxdanT n6e3a? Grammar 4 Bes rpynna The whole group All/the whole group ~ in Russian the word for all (a determinative pronoun) behaves rather like an adjective; in the nominative it looks like this: Masculine: neck nent (the whole day) Feminine; pearpynna — (the whole group) Neuter: Beé nuchMé (the whole letter) Plural: Bee Typricrst (all the tourists) ‘The full declension (ie. all the case endings) of neck is given in Appendix 1. 2 Instrumental case In Unit 8 we learnt that this case is used to describe the’ instrument by which an action is performed, so it is commonly used when describing means of transport: néesom (by train), awto6ycom (by bus), camoaérom (by ’plane). It is also used in time phrases, of which the following are very common: in the morning ‘during the day in the evening at night 3 Tei 6ygeutb You will be Although there is no present tense of the verb to be (61m) in Russian, there i a future tense (Z wil be, you wil be, et.), which is as follows: a 6Yay Mut 6YzeM, na 6yzeut bur O¥mere on 6yner ont 6ynyr 4 Time In order to tell the time in Russian we need to know two sets of. numbers, cardinal (the ones we have already met — 1, 2, 3, etc.) and ordinal (the ones which tell us the order — Ist, 2nd, 3rd, etc.). The lists below show that the two sets of numerals have a lot in common, ‘but note that the ordinals are actually adjectives: Cardinal Ordinal ont népabiit Ba BTopoh TPH péTwt Nersipe weTedprisi nate ad wecrs wecror coppusit BOCeMOH Aenarosi comb socom ReBATD peat Bechtel WONOGAGHA onvtHagyare Apenaqyare onimnaayaTeti apensayareti Telling the time ‘on the hour’ is quite straightforward: simply state the appropriate catdinal numeral and follow it by the word uae (hour) — in the nominative singular after 1, genitive singular after 2, 3, 4 and the genitive plural after five and above: Cxéstbxo cefiuac Yac. One o'clock. apémen? ‘CkOmbKO ceiryac Tp yaca. Three o'clock. apémeunt? Cxéamxo celtic Hésarn vacév. Nine o'clock. mpémennt? (You will also hear Korépuaii vac? as a way of asking What rime is it?) a 8 8 g 3 : 5 60quesou vox 08 & 2 a g 3 3 2 @ To tell the time on the left-hand side of the clock (ie. minutes to the hour), use the word Gea (without), which is always followed by the genitive case*; $0, if you want to say ten to five what you are literally saying in Russian is without ten five: Ten minutes to five. A quarter to three. Bes necarit sre. Bea uérneprit TpH (sérmeprs (£.) quarter). To deal with the half howr, you need the prefix no (half) and you attach this to the appropriate ordinal numeral; if you want to say half past five in Russian, what you literally say is half of the sixth hour, ‘which is why the ordinal numeral needs to be in the genitive case: Tlomnecréro or Hontopvia mectéro. Half past five. Tloasecéroro or Tlontoniina neckroro. Half past nine. ‘You must think ahead in this way whenever you are dealing with the right-hand side of the clock (i.e. minutes past the hour): Usrwepte ceneméro. A quarter past six. Iéears mimijt Tpéreero. Ten minutes past two. ‘To say a. use néum for the very early hours and yrpé (literally of the ‘moming); for p.m. use jus (of the day) and néuepa (of the evening): Tkesrs sacks yrpa (10 a.m.); seréape wack pus (4 p.m.); cem vacds Béaepa (7 p.m.); una yacd HOM (2 a.m.). Note also n6ssteus (midday) and naHo¥s (midnight). To answer the question At what time? the preposition B is used, except in the case of minutes to the hour: Bo exésmxo orxénnt nes? B tpi acd. At three o’clock. B andnmate munyr ropéro. Ar twenty past one. B mosionitwe mecréro (or At half past five. momurectéro). Bes uérseptn tp. ‘At quarter to three. Note that official timetables (¢.g. train timetables) often use the twenty- four hour clock, e.g. nocemmémtiare ‘rpiumars — 18.30. (You will also hear B Korépom acy... as a way of asking at what time...?) "See Appendix 1 for the declension of cardinal and ordinal numbers, 5 Yépe3 Across Yepes literally means across and it is always followed by the accusative case. When used with time expressions it means after time has elapsed, e.g.: Téeon » Cauxr-Terep6ypr The St Petersburg train leaves orxéaur uépes cOpoK Mut. in forty minutes. ‘Uépes is also useful when giving information about the number of stops to be travelled: Kora mune pbixomtits? When should I get off? Uepes Tp ocrandpxu. Afier three stops. 6 ‘To go’ The verbs meaning 1o°go have two forms of the present tense in Russian, The verb which means to go on foot, to walk makes its present tense from either xox or wan, while €uers or éxars must be used if you want to say to go by transport, to travel. Consider the following: ” On toot Habitual, repeated ‘One occasion, one direction XOpiTD (A XOKY, TH XOQHW, MHI (B HAY, Te! WAEUNE, OHI ‘on xOgAT) wayr) ‘On cerad xoqur 8 r6pon ——Ceifuée ond ugér 8 répon, She always walks into town She is walking into town now By transport ‘One occasion, one direction Gxars (A egy, To EgeUe, om Habitual, repeated espnro (a Bay, Tel age, oni ésqs) ery) Fi oG8i4HO Gay Ha pabéTy apré6ycom usually go to work by bus Ceréntis Ana éneT 8 Cankr-ferep6ypr ‘Anna is going to St Petersburg today Note that the rules of habit or one occasion/one direction apply to the use of the infinitives too, e.g.: A mpemownrato ésnurms niéest0M. Iprefer to travel by . train (in general). Mie nopé wanit wa pa6éry Its time for me io walk to work (now). Note that while people travel (¢ammrs/éxate) on vehicles, the movement of certain vehicles is described by xoniers/nmrit — thus trains and trams, for example, walk: Tloesna xénar 6xicrpo The trains run quickly u NdcTO. and frequently. étfesou autfoxi0 onstovo on oS o101 & ‘gieeou onstono 08 60 sttouo ‘The other common verbs of motion ~ fo carry, to fly, to lead, to run, 10 swim, to transport — are all governed by the same principles. They all have two infinitives from which you can make the present tense and you must always decide: habit? or one occasion/one direction? (Note that some of these have an irregular present tense ~ this is indicated in brackets.) Gérats/Gexére (Cerf, Gextim, exit, Sexiim, Ooxtire, Geryt) to run sonitre/nectit (neny, Benémis, venér, nenEM, entre, nenyt) to lead postith/peaTit (neaf, peséine, Besér, BeseM, eaére, Resi) to transport gerérh/nerére (newy, seri, seri, nein, nenite, stern) tofly wocitrb/iecrit (Heo, Hecéntb, HeceT, Heck, necére, Hecyt) to carry TuidpaTb/TEITs (UBIBY, WBN, HBET, TomnéM, moBETe, TWIBBYT) to swim, sail 7 Cuactniporo nytu! Have a good journey! Wishes of this kind are expressed in the genitive case; this is because the verb xendits (to wish) must be followed by the genitive case ~ even if the verb itself is not stated, it is always understood: (SL wendto pam) npwtrnoro Bon appétit/Enjoy your anneraral meal! (A 2xendio am) Bcerdé All the best! xopéomero! Practice 9.1 Read, look and answer! A Vispuume, noxasylicra, cxombKo ceiftac Bpemexn? B ipa yaca. A Cnacubo. Yerneprs BoceMoro It’s quarter past seven Tloserséproro Bes necata nite It’s half past three Yerutpe vaca B Toxasyiicra. ts four o’clock It's ten to five Now look at the time and answer: Cxompxo ceifuac ppemenn? a 9.2 Read, look and answer! Bo ckosKO OTXOZUT TOe3q? Kyna? Korna? BMocxey 11am. a B osmmannars vacop yrpa. BOGumcx 6 pm. b B Amty 3.30 am. ce B Kuea 11.30 pm. a (9.3 Read, answer and listen! You are buying a train ticket. Complete your part of the conversation, then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Ber (a) Ask how much a ticket to Yalta costs. Aesywxa 150 py6néit, Bar (b) Ask for two tickets to Yalta. Aesyuxa Noxanyiicta. C Bac 300 py6néi. Ber (©) Say ‘here is 500 roubles’. AesywKa Y pac Her méno4n? Bat {d) Apologize that you have no change. Desymxa Huuers, Ber {@) Ask what time the train leaves. AesyuKa épes uac. Bor (f) Ask what platform the train leaves from. Aesyuxa Or NeTBépron nnaTcopmes. 9.4 Read and answer! Look at this advertisement, on the next page, for railway travel and answer the questions. (NB You don’t need to understand all the words in the advert to be able to answer them.) mnnyT xoAb6EI Ao UNCTITYTA. Ba ... cnéxno. Moésgka Ha paGéty sakuMder MHOro Bpéwenn? Hy, naTegecsr sunyr, 4ac, Grvoxéinuni BEIXOAiTS npoéxare ocranéeKxa nepeséqna caplireca Ha aBro6ye cnéxnbiit cHavéna xopb6a noésaKa sana 1 Aaa xxnmér 2 Anna o6sivno eamur Ha crammo Merpo a Henasexo or cranumm © a pesrocumeyom MeTpo b apromoSunem b Hanezo of cranumm © anroBycom MeTpo d rpampaem © Tlanexo ot ranma MeTpo 4 Hampapo or crasmum Metpo ie BE 8 8 8 3 604 0 8 58 : 5 3 3 60 me 2 Or cram Metpo Amma est Ha paGory Cranuua metpo Jlanexo oF ocTranopKy aBrobyca ‘papa Haganexo or ocranopku =» Anma xoaur wa paSory apTobyca ¢ Ana esau wa paboty 3a ocranionKol anro6yca apTomobiiem Panom cqomom Ast d Asuia esa na paGory ‘Tponmeli6ycom Reading Read the text and answer the questions in English ‘What sign indicates the presence of a metro station? Why do Muscovites prefer to travel by metro? How do passengers pay for a ride on the metro? ‘What is situated in the entrance halll of a typical metro station? Eomr spt unére no Yume 0 piate Gommjto KpacHyIO OYxoy x abil AeHb. OKIHO No NoHeenbHMKAM 9 Ppa6STalo B KUHOCTYANM, TO ECT A saHHMAIOGD apMunuctpaTABHOH paGoTOH ~ YécTO mie HAg0 OTBEUATE Ha MHicbMa, COBETOBATECA ¢ KONNéraMn, NonsitHo. ‘A no cpégam, Hanpumép, & O6bI4HO padéTao AOMa, Aimy cyeHdpuu. [oma Tiixo, a Mory cnoKdiiHo pa6érate ... TO ecTb STO Torma, KOrAA Moer6 cota HeT aomal A cxéneko emy nev? Emy wects ner. Bcé nowsirHo! ... Ckankirre, a KmHocTyqMA ganeK6 oT oma? K coxanéimo, aa. 91 Bcerna éaxy Tynd Ha Mauwine, Bo ck6nbko Bb! OGbINHO HaYMHdeTe padéTaTe? No novegénbuKam, Korg § pa6éTaio B KKHO- cTYawM, ® BCTad noncepbMéro, s4BTpaKaIo Hasinndio pa6Orars 4acée B A6BATE. A 6cnm bi pabéraete abma, KOraA BbI HauntideTe? Tora A HaNMHdIO pabéTaT> YacéB B ceMb ... A npegnownréio nucét> cyeHdpun pao yrpom. Ckénbko 4acés Bot paéraeTe KAKABII AeHL? Tlonmdere, Sto sapveuT oT pa6oTel, OHO A paGéTaio Yacbs cob B QeHb. Arnio Bevepam Bui oTAbixdeTe, aa? Aa, ... W He Tonk No Be4epam! B KnHOCTY¥AMN A O6kMHO O6EqaIO ¢ APYSbAMM, 4aCd B TPH, NOTOM Mbt rynfiew 8 nape. Avsto abl aénaete nécne joxunta? O6kMHO A CIDKY AOMA. ViHorAa cnywialo pagno, cMOTpIO TeneBisop inn 4ATEIO MNTepECHytO KHiATY. 3 * ontnIage 1s metfedo ou = o1 4 3 3 i 2 8 z s zs OL yairenbanua cuetaphicr anny KaK Ab KHHOCTY AS no nonepénsHMKan oGEiHO ro ects orpeudte Ha nicema cosérosatien ¢ (+ instr.) konnéra no cpéaam ‘Txo (riveait) A MOry cnoKOitHo (nOKOMHEI) roraa eKGnbKO emg ner? Boerné RaUMHETE wn peraib (ecraséte) ‘acés 8 AéBRTS pao yrpom sapiiowr or (sapAceTs or + gen.) obéqato (066qar) Tyniite (rynsto, rynseuss) Rene Yanna (female) teacher scriptwriter trite every film studio on Mondays usually that is (L2,) to reply to letters to consult, get advice from colleague on Wednesdays quiot Tan peaceful, calm then, in that case how old is he? always to begin to get up at about nine o'clock early in the moming it depends on have lunch (to have lunch) to stro atter supper Kem Bbi paGétaere? what is your job? (lt. as whom do you work?) SaMUMaioce aAMMHMCTPATABHOH paGOToA | do (it. busy myself with) administrative work séBrpakato (sdetpaKars) / have breakfast (to have breakfast) ‘Who wrote the script for this film?” @B Russian meals: 34BTpak, 0669, Kun Baetpak (breakfast) typically consists of Kawa (porridge, cooked cereal), meat, fish or eggs of some kind ~ e.g, nitunnua (fried eggs), perhaps a glass of Ketpiip (a sort of liquid, sour yoghurt), sweet buns, tea, coffee and bread (xne6), which accompanies every meal, If the main meal of the day is to be late, then in the late morning there is a second breakfast, which typically consists of a savoury dish, bread and perhaps a sweet fruit or cottage cheese dish - e.g. Kucéne (sweet fruit jelly). The main meal of the day, 06¢q, is a moveable feast ~ it may be at midday, in the afternoon or in the evening; it may start off with saKyexn, usually includes a rich soup such as wy, followed by a meat dish such as KoTAéTpI. Yaxne is a lighter meal ~ a typical dish would be Grint (oancakes) served with sour cream (emeTaHa). Questions 1 True or false? a Anaromnit ~ axrép, b Anna ~ ysnremumna. ¢ Ho noneemauxam Anaromnit paSotaer noma. d Anarosmit xnsér neaanexo or KuHOcTysm. e Auatommit scraét noncememoro. 2 Answer the questions! Kem paSoraer Anarommit’ Uro on eaer to cpegam? Kax on eamur ua pabory? Korxa Anaromiii mpesnoumraer micas cuewapun? Kak on ormixaer 110 Bevepam? eacee How do you say it? How to: 1. Ask for and give information about daily routine Bo cxésmxo poi nawudere paGérats? 51 OGsIHO BcTaLo HONCeRBMOTO. AI oGsr4HO OGénat0 wack B Tu. a | : 8 i 8 OL1 41 a 3 i i 5 ; ; a 01 2 Ask for and give information about weekly routine Tlo epénam # oGkraH0 pa6draro zOma. ro Bor OGEIUHO bTaeTe TO MOHeReTBRHKAM? 3 Say how often you do something A o6eriHo padéraio B xamocTyamH. Yacro mute 410 oTsexdT» wa TikcEMa. SL pcerna éoxy tya4 Ha Merpé. Vinorna eargmiaro paano. 4 Ask and give information about age Cxommxo eng ser? Em meer ser. 5 Say someone is not at home Moeré cinta net 6a. (lit. There is not of my son at home.) Grammar 1 Verbs Note that two of the verbs met in the Dialogue are common irregular verbs — mcd (to write) and mows (to be able): ancdite: MouB: mang, wine, miner, mien, mimere, mhanyt Mory, MOxeut, MOxeT, MOxkeM, MOxkeTe, MOryT 2 Dative case In Unit 6 we met some of the uses of the dative case and learnt how to form the dative singular of nouns. The dative plural of nouns is as follows: irrespective of gender, the endings are -amt (for nouns ending in a consonant, -a, or -0) and -sm for all others (which, as for other cases, will need final -b, -ii, -e removed first): typticr (tourist) Typricram wpanuros - The tourists like Stor myséii. this museurn. yuiiresm (teacher) Yunrenim xOuetea The teachers feel OTmEIXaTE. like a rest/ want fo rest. Note that nouns that have an irregular nominative plural form their dative plural from the irregular nominative plural, e.g.: Nom. singular: Gpar (brother), Nom. plural: 6psirssi, Dative plural: 6psrasot ‘The dative singular and plural of adjectives are also very straight- forward: In the singular masculine and neuter adjectives add -omy, unless the rule about the unstressed 0 applies, in which case add -emy. Feminine singular adjectives add -oii, unless the rule about the unstressed 0 applies, in which case add -ei K mutepécHomy my3éio Ho cr4polt yume k xopéuremy 3naxm0 towards the interesting musewn along the old street towards the nice building In the plural, irrespective of gender, add ~bins, unless the stem ends in T,X, 28, 4, Mt, in Which case add ana: nénese cryiérret: Home The new students crynéaram npdpures like Russian. pYcoxnit s360K, PYcckne typiterst: Pyocxsm The Russian tourists like ‘Typiicra upapures the old town. craptit répoa. “Note that the dative case is used when asking and giving information about one’s age: CkésnbKo emy* eT? How old is he? lit. How many years to him?) Undny ap4quate oma ron. Ivan is 21. Onpre cépox nua réjra. Olga is 42. Emy wects ser. He is six. Oni is always followed by rom (year); awa, tpn and sersape are followed by réaa (ie. genitive singular of rox), but note that excémx0 and numbers 5 and above (but not compounds of 1, 2, 3, 4) are followed by aer (which is actually the genitive plural of aéro, summer). 3 Accusative case The only form of the accusative we have not yet met is for feminine singular adjectives ~ in other words, if you want to say [am reading «an interesting book: unrepécnas xwiira: $1 urd1o unrepécayto xiniry. ‘As you see, it is simply a question of changing -as to -y1o. 4 Time phrases ‘The dative and accusative cases are very useful when dealing with time phrases that involve days of the week: Note that days of the week are written with a small letter in Russian, unless at the beginning of a sentence. See page 266 for the dative of #, 1M, om, OM, O86, MA, Bbr, ont, a -~ onniago is welfedo ou OL& 4 3 i : 8 : 3 Day Accusative Dative HoveAénbunK BowepénbHnk = no NoHeRénbHuKaN (on Monday) (on Mondays) BropHiK 80 BTOpHUK no BrépHHKam (on Tuesday) (on Tuesdays) pena Bcpéay no epéqam (on Wednesday) (on Wednesdays) yeraépr B yernépr no Yersepram (on Thursdays) no nérHuiyant (on Fridays) no cy666ram {on Saturdays) no BockpecéHam (on Sundays) (on Thursday) néraaya, BnarHnyy (on Friday) ey6Gora 8 cy666ry (on Saturday) 8 BocKpecéHbe (on Sunday) pockpecéibe ‘The accusative is also useful in the phrase per day, per week, etc.: ceMb 4ac6B B eH 7 hours a day cépox sacép B Henémo 40 hours a week If you want to give an approximate time, simply invert the numeral and the number of hours: 4acdB CeMB B eH about 7 hours a day Bo ck6mbKo Bit a4uTpakaeTe? Af what rime do you have breakfast? ‘Yacés B comb. At about seven o'clock. Practice 10.1 Read and answer! Look at the shopping list on a Kpachas pysKa the right. Make up sentences b —sépuas 106xa (skirt) asking the assistant to show © Aepensumntit cTy you each item. dQ marepecuas xunra ‘e pycexuii axypuan £ wopas xapra a Tloxweure ue (show me), noxanylicra, xpaciyio pysky. 10.2 Look and answer! Look at these advertisements for jobs and answer the questions which follow: ENXABYKCKHIM 3ABO/| ABLOMOBIVIEM MPH AMAET Npenionanarencit wrasbaHcKoro s3biKa JIA OSyHeHuH cenmamicros no Mecty pa6orsi. Tenechoust 11 cmpanox: 2-11-00, 7-19-29 MOPJOBCKMM NEAAPOTMYECKHIt MHCTHTYT OBBABIAET KOHKYPC No pakanramna nomauocTAM: @ mpenoanateneit pycoxoro ssEiKa © mpenozapatencit Matemarux © npenosanateseit aurmiicKoro s3biKa Teneoust j10 cupaBox: 4-40-30, 4-60-39 o 3 : 8 : 3 nparnawéte npeniopasétens (m.) ‘AMA cnpasoK kéukype BOmKuocte (f.) a What sort of teachers are needed at the car factory? b What sort of teachers are needed at the pedagogical institute? 10.3 Read and answer! Complete this paragraph with the correct form of the verb in brackets: Hrops (ars) » Mockne. Ox (pa6orars) TepeBOMHKOM 1 O¥eH xOpouIO (foBoputs) 10-~~ onniago & wetteds ou nTanpancKn. On "acto (xoquTh) B TeaTp ¢ TpyimnaMn TypucToB, BOT NOGeMY iO ReNepaM OH HacTO He (so%n) oraBrKaTs noma. B cBo6oaH0e BpeMs OH oven (ai06Ts) cMotpers Terlepis0p H OM aCTO (arpats) B maxmaTsI c apy3bamu. Mnorna on (aucaTL) niceMa uO BocKpeceHBAM On O6BISHO (quranaTs) 2 Gaccelite sme (ryssts) a nape. (104 Read, listen and answer “You are explaining your daily routine to a friend. Complete your part of the conversation, then listen to the complete conversation on the recording. Apyr Bo ckénbKo Bbi Bcraére? Bei (a) Say you get up at Za.m, Apyr Kak pet éaqure Wa pa6ory? Ber —_(b) Say ‘by tram’. Apyr Bo oxénexo Bb Haunndere paoraTs? Bbi —_(¢) Say you start work at Sa.m. Apyr Ckénpxo yacbs sbi paéraere KéKabii Hels? Bui (d) Say about nine hours. 10.5 Read and answer! Answer these questions about yourself: Tne Bet xnBéTe? But xusére 8 ome wm » KBaprupe? Kem spt pa6oraere? Cxommxo pam se1? Bo ckosmxo psi OOnUHO BeTaéTe HO yrpa? ‘Kax Bpt esmure Ha padory? Bo cxompxo Bit navmnaere pa6orats? Bo ckosmbKo Bit OGeraeTe? Uro Bit OGsismHo jenaeTe no BesepaM? Yro por OGsraHO AeNAETe HO cyGOTAM UNO BocKPeceHBAM? on rE mee oe Comprehension €31 Conversation Read, listen and answer! A journalist interviews a waiter from the restaurant ‘Kalinka’. >Kypranuer Odnynant >KypHanucr Odnynanr >KypHanuct Odnynanr oKypHanuct Oduuynanr >Kyprannet Ocpnynane >KypHanner Ocbmynant >KypHanuer Ocuynant >KypHanuer Opuynanr >KypHanuer Oruynanr Sppéecteyitre. Kak Bac soayr? Mens soayr Banya. Bagjins, cKOnbKO Bam net? Mae geaquate aécems ner. Vi ckénoko net sbi pa6éraete odonynatTom? YoK6 wecte ner. W670 wirepécHan pabéra? Wi a, H Het! Vinorad O4eHb cKyuHan, a MHOrAa unTepécHas. Bot Hanpumép, Korgd y Hac B pecTopane axrniiiicne TyphcTes, Moveny? Tloromy, 4ro = HemHOxko roBopi6 no-axrniiioKn, CKonwxo Wac6s B AeH» Bui pabéTacTe? Yacés qéanTs. HawwHdio 8 gea acd ANA, paGéraio MHOrAA Ao OAMMHARYaTH, a MHOrAa H AO nonyHosn. Bui ganex6 xuBére ot pecropana? He duens ganexo, Kak Bui é9qure Ha pabéry? Ha tpameée. To Bb aénaete nécne pabérei? Jlonkjce cnarel ... Bepp paGéra konudercr 6ueHb néapHo! ~~ oniago ws svetfado ou OL odmynant Ae nonyHoun kouudrece Fomiren cnar eae Bamumy ABANMATs WecTs eT TPHWWATb MAT Wet aBAMMATS RoceMS set ‘TPHqUAT BoceMp TET Bagum moGur, Kora B pecropaste Her Typuctos auraniickne typuctst Tanbaiickie TypHicTBt 2akypHamCTEt we aeoee meee waiter until midnight to finish 10 go to bed you realize/knov, after all Pa6ora Banuma Bera HHTepecHas Beerta CKYIHAS wacTO MHTepecHas MHOrga HHTepecHad Tlocae pasors: Banya Raoge ny urpaeT B UIaxMaTEI uuiapaer B Gacceline Tys#eT B HapKe TOKUTCH crate aoe