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    Тайны ХХ века. Русская история 2020'06(34)

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    59 views37 pages

    Тайны ХХ века. Русская история 2020'06

    Uploaded by

    андрей фомичев

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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Bonee Toro, pycexse mepe- Gunn mouronbcKoe ToconD~ cra0, a 970 ~ 110 saKoHam Mimitiecxania — cwsrraoce crpaunnsin mpecryrizenient Mt npeGonano oratmiena. Mexay mposuns, ce Tpit xian (Merneaas Taz roi, Merncnas Kescxsit 4 Mericnap Yepmsroscxiti) Gum ponnvamis nonoseu- 90x xaHOR. Pa6ierbie ——MOnOBUbI Gexann ~ Ha Pyce, 8 Bonra: iio, B Benrpio 8 Busan ‘aio, Ocrasiuitees co ppeMte- Ren cOcraBivn oCHOBHYIO Macey Macenenna 3on0Tott Opast, nas Hayao TaKn apouan, Kax Bamps, noraiiuet, raraysbl, Ka3ax0, ‘rarapsl. A paanposnennsie PyceKie KHspKeCTEa YH 8 1237 roay_werpervnic ‘¢ monronan, xovopote mst {LAH MTHS HoToMtKaN TpeX Merucranos. Bopuc Iapos 4237 rom: wawano MoHronsexoro BTOpMeHHA a Pye 3HAMEHHTBIE MOWEHHHKA Ty uy Tpydanbauto v3 Bepramo, repoii nbecb! «Cryra aByx rocnop», cTan onuueTBopeHvem noBkoro npopoxn. Ho Kyneu Actauii Jonrononos Nowen fanbue — OH YMyApANICA Chy*KMTb He NpocTo AByM rocnogaM, @ 2BYM BOIOIOLUMM Apyr c ApyroM cTopoHaM. HEMHOBMMARA EKATEPMHA Kaz wanecrio, ucropiio ruuiyr no6enren. Caepr- nyrutfi nsanepatop Tlerp It yslocroues oT HcTopitkos Camane neraTupHx o4eHOK Ho sor ro crpanHo: Han- Gomuree sue camosnan- ues w poceuticKofi weropust— osm ersipe aectrxa — ouasanae 26x yateHHO 3a Trerpa Ii. Kax ronxo » 1772 roay 8 Siuuwom roponke 06% siauiacn Emenosi Tlyraves, agpapuntit ce6s_sonnepa ropom Tlerpom. Peopos- eM, Kesaxit Havamm mac- ccono rrepexoms x weary 1a cexyse6y. 3a nuit normnyncs ¥ npocroh mon. M1 sckope fog. HavasioN caMos9aHoro Tlerpa III oxasanace Brym ‘rexbias apo. Oxaseipactes, was apona, B poceiicxoti rxy- uitke Gsum cassaxst oTIHOMS nec Exarepynofi Il, aumento Tlerpon: II. Ero’ Koporioe npasnenye ostaMenona~ {Och DANN 1. mRSENL ‘a wapona pedopnant: 8 PYCCKAS MCTOPHA uepKost sumac semen, ulagubul. M Tax nlonyurtTocs, a Mowacritpexie Kpecrssite TO. AcTagpuit_[lonrononoR Tepetin rocynapeTay, Gev70 _oKasaNes B LleHTTpe cOBBITH mpexpaueHo mpecienosanxe ero TpuKmoyennsx caposepop. MoxHO Ob10 Oot HaMHCaTS OcsosoxmeHMe BOAR KoMeRHIO B crue «Cayrit or oSszaTemioit Cxyxx6o1 aByx rocnom». Ho 8 peats- MuorH™ Ka3aOce MepsbiN OCTH BBIITA He KOMeMHS, arom X oTMeHe Kperioct- a Tpareaita. Horo masa, TOcKonBKY senmit at xpenocrisix ont AAONIT 3A OYPAH nonysamtunennosactyx6y. " AcradiH —Jlonrononos ‘Aor maryunst Exavepinbt poniaict & crapoo6paa- npocroit wapon wurvero xopo- wecKofi cembe ® PxeRe. CO iero He siuten.B 1760-xrogax spemeHem oH 3ansviea KyTe KKpemlocrible KpecTIsHe OKA- eCKHONM semaMit. OGIO samice MpaKrHveckn B pa6- 13 cTapooSpantes nonyya- cme y nomentixon. Bapmynia sie enosirrste m YecTHEIe opoli Aoxonwta no meer xynubi. Bor « Actadii sape- ‘AML B Menlemm0. A Tloka Kpe- KOMeHORAT ceGa_c caMoit Cristie naxani, nomen aysuelt cropoHn. A rioromy varpamit Wa iO 6 Kaprol_M, 8 1758 rosy emty zoxepua Gxtsano, nponrpersan uenste crar rlocraBuustKoM ypaKA mepentt, Ko ABopy nenKoro KASH ‘A To xe rocyapoma Tlerpa @enoposina, 6yny- weparputia? Ova cpoxm lero Heaneparopa Tlerpa II yasom or 22 aprycra lena Acradiea Jlonronanosa 1767 roa sanperiera xpecrés- vw XOpOILO, HO B 1762 Tory aM xamiosaTics Ha nlovewwt- npovsoen zBopuonet nepe- op. Pesybratom ncero sroro opor. SaKooro rocyaapa 4 cran Myravenckni Gyn — yOu, @ Hapory oGesBHLT, Gecompicnennti 4 Becrio- WTO OM cKOHWanCH OF TeMOp- Pownamins kame. CrpaHort crara_mpasses ExaTepita 1, a ace aenamn syn, 0 TaK iC gomxKo Gorrs. Ho Acradguit He mor Gorm» Kax nce. XODst 6st notomy, wo Ms-3a nepe- Bopora Tlocrpanan ero 613- ec. Oypiaxsan TOprOBNS, KaK rovopittes, HaKpsuracs ea ‘uit Tason., TIpst TOM Kasia sayomxana ‘eny 700 yenKo- ‘ux ~ Gabe no TeMt Bpe- ‘ewan EHH. Bosepamars oar HukTO He coOupatcs. Zonron0- op Mm wenoGierawie C1a, HK voameparopeKomy ——aBOpY ‘eave, yMoaK pacceurTaTsca, Ho Beane rionysan oF BopoT onopot. To omxaN, OH nonsiranca sapaGorars wa SHEIK OTKYTAK, HO B 2TOH egepe opyzonans raze npo- satsinen, 0 Acrapii coocent Dagopiciess 3anes B noni. 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A raioKe camo- Mperimie —KaMennat — OT euenecrkn» Haransit AneK cenit, 3arem [onrono- top 3anepin Tlyraesa, sro Tlaex Tlerponis 6yner oKa- SuBaTe Ke Balle BenI~ ‘yecrno repeuler c apwutexo 3a Bony, 4 4706 om mocrewan ¢ oGeManHoI0 cwIOW K Tede Ha rioMoll ckopee. Koweuno, Tyraves nose asi, 4TO Kyrteik Oris» BpeT. Ho om we Mor pasoGnasier ero 0x — Hapos, Gor 3TOTO He ons, Camosnaneu, orcbiniant Acradinio 50 pyGneit Ha mpo- esi H OTTIYCTHUI ogOGpy-H0- Ssn0pOBY. MANIOCTH OT WMNEPATPAUBE To6pasunics 10 Yebox- cap, Zonrononos counnnn mcpmo Tpuropiie Oprony, qhasopury Exarepumst IL 310 TIMcbMO OH HaNMcaN OT ustentt 324 Ka3aKoB, KOGBI TOTOBBIX BbuaTb Ilyra¥eBa. Acraiio nioTpeGopancs Mecall, 4TO6EI AOSparbca HO Tlerep6ypra 1 aWuHO Bpy ute nitcbMo Opnosy. Tipu 9TOM OH Ha3BANICA AVLKHM Kagaxom Actaduem Tpio- HOBBIN. ‘Opnos yerpoxn onro- monopy ayzuenunio y EKa- ‘repuuet II 8 HapeKomt Cene. Oomanyrs —-uMneparpHuy eer eta coxasatocb npoe, ven Tyra- ‘tena, Ona neva nofisiars Canoasariua it pant 9T0°0 Guta rorona wa se. Tinarioxaxomy-rOxymUy 3a Kakoii-To cbypaxk MMmepa- ‘Tpuua HuKorga Gb He cra, pyroe meno = sananira 33 riovoney. Tyravena, Exare- pra I mana skaaxy TP (poxony» ape THICA4A pyGneii. Tvnepanpna, 8 ore kaniran Anexcasmp Tana- x08. Ho Kora Komanaa Taaa~ xoBa o6pavtack 0 Hapst- una, ojicka Tlyrayesa GeuIN xe pasGuTsl, a cam camossanet Gexan 3a Bony. ByiMo, Havas O6NaKEI- ars, Zononaios xe He Mor ocralosrrbct. — Tloctentm ‘yes10BeKOM, KOTOPOTO eMY yzia~ ‘mock mponecTa, Cran Fataxos. ‘Acrabiit asinpocwt y Hero $3100 pytirefi, sr06i1 ¢ HeGont~ [Ub OTpsZIOM OTTIPABHTECS Ha nnowcxsTiyravesa. Ecrecrsewio, Jonrononon HMKOrO eKaTe He cran, a, Mpuxearig jleHbrH, noexart a pony, 6 Pxes. Tam of coGmpaiea —_pacritaTiTbcs Cc Roaramnt 1 cHOBa SanATECH ymieuecksmtaenan, 226618 aKoHeNy po pasHoro pora omirrueckue anaHTiopbi. oKenaHe TOHSTHOR, HO, ecrHo ToBops, cuALIKoM nanBnoe. Pasymeeret, Acra- ino He nank noxHTS cHo- Opnos ycrponn JomrononoBy aygMeHuio y Exarepuupt II. OOmaHyTb MmMnepaTpuLy oka3aJ10cb pole, 4eM Tlyrauesa. or camospanue, geficron- ‘rexsiio nopepivta Jlonrono- nowy. U cuapsnyna cexper- ‘Hyio axeneanuno 1s. apecra Tiyravepa, shulas na sro seo 32 rote pyGuefi 3onorsinat xnepuananm — Ha nogKyn xagaKos. Skeremuuio, Kyma_ Osim niles (anne), «Br (Gyrrrosuyax) 16 «Ho (omen tg), Toce Toro Zonrono- ynopa oTmpaniun4 Ha. TOS wewnnie KaTopxciie paGorst ss GanTiicxish npr PorepsiK. prem ero, 9 oresnte or "Ipyrvx KaTOpKEIMKOD, CeO allo «conepaTb 8 OKOBXO. Vurrepecto, 470 8 caen- ersespx —' oxystenrax BooGuie Me ytommsanoce © Tom, xx [onrononos ‘o6mastya Opnoba vu Exa- ‘repuny IL Toxo. enyers Horo ner sin AnexcaRpa Taraxona, pas6upat orios- cane GynarH, HaronkeyacH Ha 3amich 0” OBKOM. Kyn- ue-MouenmiKe. Onee Mtoeunos PYCCKAS MCTOPHS 9 HPABbI TaHubl 0 yniayy XoibicTbI — ofHa M3 CaMbIX M3BECTHBIX pyCCKMX ceKT. HecMoTpA Ha roHeHMA, OHA NpocytjectBoBana HECKONbKO CToNeTHiA. HOBBIE 3ANOBEIM B XVI exe Poccssn mpouma epes Tapkeneti- mee wensiranne —CMyT- HBIM Bpemenem. Topenit ropona i cea, BonsroTHO pasryman no pyccKot seMmie uHozeMHBIe BOHiCKa, a TawKe mafixn pasbofin- Kop M Maponepos. Llapwmit ronon, Gonesti W smmeMttt, TIC moneH rHGn_ wm smmanite® porters 1 Grs- Hapon nionivoran rasa ReGy ¢ HeMDIM BOTIpOCON: cra Visa Cycnos ns Hiokero- poxckoli rySepiii. Bmecre 0 caoeli xxeH0i-. Bo mane Kawgioro «KO- paGii> cron «KopMuNyHK>, umenyenntii — «Xpucrom, B pemkinx coryuasy ~ ~ KPy= DKiLIC XOPOBOAOM, TOE ognpsirspas, Kpome toro, saxurran Iy'KH CyXX Tap, wacro © HapxoTHuecan ‘3dbex- rom. Beicrpsie nostopa- OUUECH ABIOKEHM, ALIN OT ‘Tpan, yXOTa B TecHOM nome uleHine MpyBoswTH CexTaH- TOR B COCTOsHMe TpaHca, Mt onM HaMMnamK xnecTaTS ce6a i OKPYRKAIOMNIEX. xy ‘rani 8 MOKPIX HlonOTeHeN. Y wuorux Haunarca Ope nu wine, Ces CexTaHt- To 3TO HasbIBANOc «HaKa ‘ran [lyx Caaroit. B Konue panennia mons B MsHeMOxeHNM Tatami Ha Hon Brtonanky. Odiiyians- ble OKyMeNTs Ht Hapon~ vas Moma Wacro OGBHHSI NIBICTOB B GecttopsqoUHOM ‘cBaNbHOM Tpexe> HM COmO- NE, HO HMKAKIX OKa3a~ Temsers oGHapyKeHo He Guir0. Xpucrosepst o7kasbiBa- NC OF ANKOTONS, KYPEHHS, MACHO TMDL, —MpaKTHko: ann wacrste Mt JyurTeTb- bre nocrst. [onoRBte cBA3H H poxksenHe nereli cura JMC HEKCIATEMBHBIMI, HO ‘erporo He ocyxamucs. Tpe- Gonanyte 06Tb ¢ KEHOM «KO cecrpoii» rlocrossiHo Hapy- aoc. Xmbicrb He npusHa~ ar wxcrirryr Gpaka, napbt B OSumsiHe erKo BOSHKATt M pactaganvics, yeTH cusTa- aM OGUIGTHHBIMI, ‘«YBENIEHME» CKONUOB Bonbuylo monyasprocrs ABIOKeHHe ——_xpstcToBepoB o6peno B Mauae XIX neKa Ma RONMe wHTepeca K MHICTIE~ uuamy ML MacoHcKoMy oxkymbratsmy. XaicraM cM. HarHsMposamst, —xymOXHHTK Bragusiup Bopoankoncxiit 4 aake oGep-mpoKypop Cas eHHoro cHnoma Anexcarnp Toms B 1817 rony pane- ue XpxteTOepos. mMpouLto B croNunom — Muxaiinos- KOM 3aMKe TIpM. creveHHHt saicuiefi apwcroKparan, Tlosxe pesomoustonepst 4 Hapomwnnst, coumart-ne- MOKpaTst ~ HeKaNMt B ceK- ‘aNTaX COWSHHIKOB B GopGe cc camonepxapnem. Ect MHeHMe, HTO K cexTe XpHIcTO- epon ripunayieKan $a50~ pur uapeKoit cenpu Ipuro- pai Pacnytas, Tipoxensre xnbicros He Goto entatim. ¥xe B KOHLC XVIIsexanossymtcbormenb- ule TeseHER, MpHsHaIOME ABTOpHTeTOM TOKO CBO fer «KOpMmUiKa» it WeTKO omermiontne ce6s oT pyrHx Guu. Tax, cexra TOCTHH- kop po mane ¢ TamGOBCKiOM xpectaaHitHom ABBAKYMOM Kontsunonsim yeumima nuue- le orpannvens 1 BepHyA apropiter BuGnK. [IBIDKe- ne «Craps Hspaniab» Tlep- buna Kataconosa ormexsixo paxrry paxenuit w Bospo- ‘muuno mucriryt GpaKa, Oco6o cresyer sbue- slur xpafixe pannkanbeyo cexry ckomyos, —Koropsie novem we ‘orkasa OT Spaka 4 rii0TeWe cHowle- Hii 0 camoocKoniTeHAA. Tipoueaype noasepranics Kak MyRWUAHD, TAK KEN unit, ‘Teppovavatsio ‘ona mpowsnonnnacs packa- enum no6era XeTeSOM, oriero nomyuiuta HasBaHne sormeHHan MevaTb, wn ey6encriner. Tlosxe’ ocKo: o6uunta putxynana Kpertocr- IX KpeCTbsiH, eC OHM comauiancs Ha ockonite- ie, Murbonorss. cexrst mH cbiBata —_ o6powonbHoe «yGenene> caMomy atte paropy Aexcastapy 1 Otmensunie Guar ‘komo rIpogomKam cyte craonars 1 TlocTe pesaso- ‘yan, Hake BO BTOPO! TOTO: sane XX pexa. B 1971 roxy B TaGone — mpostsome xpynuaiii ckanan, Kora eKpsuIOcb cyullecrBosaHHe ‘GUIs CKOTINOB, cocTo: smpuie#i B OCHOBHOM 3 cra~ pukoB, OHM He ToBKO MpO- RomKann wenanHsT CBO Porryambi, HOM crpeMvaniice gamievb B CeKTY MOnOHEKs, oGenat = MaTepuabnbie Gara u nomyyenme Hacten- ra. B wesons 2ke riocte peso- mower OGupTHBT xMbICTOB M HX OTBeTBNEHHIA OBE: TAINeh roHeHHsM Hapasie XJBICTBI He Ipv3HaBain MHCTUTYT Opaka, Napbi B OGUIMHE JerKO BOSHMKAaNIN UM pactiagasuce, JeTu cunTamuch OOMIMHHBIMH. nvenne cram nposomrs focrpo WaToNeHHBIN. HOXON cnocrenyoueti causrrapHoti ob paGorxoi pan. Dra cexra Gyva over amusrenuoli it aKTABHO nponionenosana soe yue~ ne. Hoxoa0 0 Toro, w70 ¢ MpownMn penurnosHbint ABWOKEHUSIN, OnHaKO axe celiac MOKHO BCTpeTHTD nieGomnne oGuMHBI xpH- cTosepos 5 KpacHonapcxom xpae, B Camapexoit W Taw- Gouckoii oGnacrax. Abqumput Hlyenan PYCCKAS HCTOPHA 11 Ee PYCCKHH KAAEHAAPb 10 coO6bITMM MIOHA 6 wont 1705 raga peeing icc B Tlevep6ypre noamiuioeh nepso® axaxie ~ ons Terpa I. Conaarsi-ninor ya nocrpovik ero Reero 2a Tpit ses. Herp I, Ke.TAs TIpHLAATS AepeuHNOMY. 10M ‘Ug] KaMeHHOrO crpoeHis, pHKAgANT CrecaTs GpenHa M pacni{caT’ HX No KMPI-, 2 KDHIUIY THOKporTb roHToMt rion Yepertuy. pH 9TOM KPBUMY yxpauiata ZepeBA Ham MOpTipa B SHAK Toro, UFO HOMHK HPHEGANEKAT tpameait. Tleppas nuns Tpovpxeniocraio ont RooMerp npovonyna eee 1) excan1porcxony (ame Bnagionpenons)) 44 ons 1842 rane tmyery. Tpanaltcpasy D1 ann Stier topva Hincanas Torons sMepr- xe npespaniinen » ropes pie ayuneTvcarens xovex cienath npowaveaeime _ckjo RoeronpHMesaten- pexrontt, Ho ropoll Tom reps (coxpaniwich —MocTa'M OXI BC BNO- TonnxO Wepran HecxOMbAIX Pan), 8K HATICAHNO. KEN pkeB HepB TOA, perbero Toma Toros Tax m He HpMCTYIN. Ss praons 1897 roma AE vnwonaiifl nanan saxom$sanpenterouvnligr PY ‘ia tbadpikax 1 3aD0maX TO BocKpeceHibaM it B TipasAit libre :01M npabociapHoro KaLTeninaps’ PaGosne-MHOBepIE [MOLI BbiGupars B KaNeCTBe BBIKOMHUIX APYTVIE MH. 3aKOH ‘ne pacnpoerpavoie in "exe pabay cents QD wor 1855 rome @ Anexcauinp Tepyen costa x Jlongoue Bonbayio pycekyio Tuno- padpino. Ova niinyckasta TCTOBKH, Spounopsi, xypHan —«flonspras sneaaa» 1 rasety «Kooxan». B cepe- autie 1960-x rogos usrepee K 15,1 visa Tepurena 1 Orapesa (Ha 070) Poceum ynai, 1 Tanorpadus cxa- ‘wana rrepeexaa B KeneBy, a novoM saKpbuace QQ roux 1756 28 won Bo npentn Pofims ‘Typuneit pycckne ponena nox, KoMaN- ZonanienBypxapua Maturxa saxoariint Bascncapaii = ero- my Kpsotexoro xanersa, -B ropone vanes noxap, {awe oropon croped xan FQ) wows 1174 roma Gaul smopert ssa QA) Beene Boronaboso ceoiown Gompas yGut erwocaysuel amine Ante BoromoGer, vena rasa BxasMAp- hot Mita roxy eka Ip vem Bnansouspo-Cyszaiiexoe RiSDRECTaO Baxucapalt 3 orcry- Crano oMWHO 13caMhx MOTYHECTBERHD Ha PYOH HO mourn Cebepace Tpit CaM xuaSh He nomsonasen HOMzpHOCTDN Hapone epuowopue PYCCKAM HCTOPMA 15 AETEHAAPHAS AMYHOCTh Masema: repo VIM TIpewaTeyib? B Poccmuw retMaH Vea Ma3ena cunTaeTca rHycHbIM A3MeHHKOM, Ha Ypave — Tepoem. B jevicTauTenbHOCTH Bce 6biNI0 ropasqo cnomHee. TADKENIAA OMIA TETMAHA Visa Masena mpoxvn Aonryio no mepxam csoero penn x21, Ont ponacst 3 1639 rony B npasocxaBHof unsxetexo centse. Boor mayen npH Hope nox cxoro Kopons’ fia Kasst- muxpa, nonysin Gnecramtee oGpasonarine: ywnuien B Hira- sim, Tepsauuen, panne Tomannin, | Cao6oqto Bnagen PyECKIN, MOI, TaTACKAM, NOTEINBIO, SHOT nranbancKii, — Henenwiti i pamuyacKish. Ero s10681- ‘Moll kHMTOM Osa «Tocyaapo» Maxaranennu. Kax ronopiTes, 30 wHorOe OGBsCHReT. OH, ymen pacnonarars K ceGe Monel, ocoSensio -xennyin. TIpw’ svom Guan Momus, cKpsiTeH uw He uncer apyseit. TlocrosiHo crankupasice ¢ ripeaarens- crsom 1 npenasas cam, Hoan Crenaosie spa an sone OcHOBaHiMs Bep#T» ® KpenI- lo MyxkcKy10 APYX6Y. Or mombexoro Kopona Masena nepemen Ha ciyx6y x ero snelimemy spary = Terpy Jlopomenxo, rermany Tipanobepexsiofi Yxpavt, axogautelica mon nnacrsto ess Tlocrionrot Tlopomenko eran cTaBKy a Typuyao. Ono 3 rer MaHekiNX OCOMBCTB. K Typ xaM posmmapisn Maser. to Ropore ero cxpariayt sarto- PONcKHe KasaKH Homma sun x May Camornoniry, rermany —TTesoGepexsoti panto, KoTopam BxOmina s cocraa Boccut. Masena 6e3 ‘Tpyna brepes B AOMepHE HK eposepexioMy —reTMaHy, penance ero zORepeH” aIMUTHAON. B ry nopy rermaycrso Gnino HesanAHO' yuaCTBNO. Orvasiiio yenasnce 3a pont ocr, Ykpasiia naBxponara mexay Pocevel, Tommie 1 Typuneli, Kasara ne Boc- 14 PYCCKAS HCTOPHS npunuonanx pemerne Tepe- stcnasckofi panbt Tak, KaK ero Bocrpuanuiniant —B ”POcei. Ou aywam, To nonan cero sls Tox. noKpoBH- Tembcrso pyeeKoro aps, ‘Toma kak pycerse uapu cunt Tam, To xasaKn Monat nog ix sac Bee anator, w70 Magenta - npenavems. Ho Gena 8 Tom, ‘70, ¢ Tost sperstH Pocei, paktusieckst ce ykpatt” cxne revmanst Gout npe- arensoan. Borgas Xsenb~ ‘Minuxus Mpwesran pyccxomy uapio, Mokinea He secrt camocrosrensHoli BHemeft rroserHKit,omaKo yke Hepes ‘asa rosa 3axsown JOTOBOP co Ulewel, Ero cat Tpit pena Poceutio, ® peayih~ rave. wero” pycexan apwis norepnena Katactpoduue- ckoe Topakenve nan YyaHO- bin, Ha tlonscxyio cropory nrepemeruynca Mm rermatt Vipaxt Boiroscksti. Termana Zlemustia MHo- rorpeniore poceiickie anacrit o6BIIOT BCBS ax ¢ Typivielt m cocnamn 3 CrxGups. Ent Ha emeny mpst- tne Cantofinosi. On sepott 1 mpasxoil empoin Poceit, fo 370 eMy He ToMorn. @anopiery napentist Coops au13i Bacio Tommoany HyKHO GbuIO CBaNHT Ha KOFO-TO BMH 3a HeyqauHbiti xpbimexnii oxo, Kosnom comywens cera Caoi- nopwua, Ero, Kak Tipen- ectaennnxa, —— cocTast BCHGups. 20 SIET BEPHOM C/IY>KBbI Tlorosapusanst, 70 meno Mazena _waerpo- wor oHOC Ha reTMaHa, cwoero nioxposirrenst. JoKa- saremera 9TOMy Her, 10 srcrio onto: Mazena xpenko capyvouter © Tomupiasine, i weno 97a apy«Ba o6e cnewwia_emy “Terwattcxyio 6ynasy. Kasayoc 6st, ¢ mane- mem Combine’ Torna xapsepa Magenbi ovxna 6uina aaxonsierscs. Ho Mat Crenavoai cymen o¥apo- tb Tlerpa 1. aps ysaxan rermawa iH MeHuA B Hest o6pazonannoro —uenioneKa. Masena eran eros no every xananepom opneta Awunpes Tlepsospannoro. ~ biciiei arpa Pocen (nose, noote mpeaarens- erba, 18 Hero B eayucrBeH- HoMt aksextranspe saroronsT opaex Mya). B tegeste 20 ner ykpasi- cxait rerwan ocrasaics Bep- bin cniqgavoxoM Tlerpa I TTo cers on xparien pepuocrs Poceit aombine, sexs ace ero rpeqmecrnentotKi. Mexkay Terpont 1 1 Mase- no cyuecrsopat Heriac- Hilt aoronop: tap» urHopH- posan soniocst Ha rerMaHa, BuIgaban 1 KARHT BCEX ero porueiuikon, 2 Masena, CROW ovepend, HCTpABHO Hoctannan woficxa 11% Gec- SneHeHBIX BOeHHANX. KAN ravi poceuficxoro camo- epi. Terman nonysax or waps TnoxapKiN M TOMeCTBs, Cralt nwa 3 Gorarevimunc mogeii Poccum, onHaKo ero nnonoxenme Ha Yxpane ‘ocranasioce wav. Kasaut- xas sepxymka ~ crapuiia ~ caurrala FO BBICKOuKOH. Own 32 ome 8 Mocksy iTlerepSypr erent xoxoCs. OcoGeHHO Younes Tenieparousit cyst Bacn- rit KoxyBe, xoTopssit can 3 cHOe pens paccsnronsaa crams rersravion, Bsirore Maaena xaaniin Kosy6es. Bro, pasyMeeTes, He 062- ‘inno emy nonysapwiocnH. Vicanickie kpectste He io6yan Maser, nocKomexy oH — scneg 3a Merpom I axrupHo HacmKAan xpe- nnocriioe mpaso. 3anopoxi, npimoyvas—mponin0e, hasbiBani TerMania13XOM. Tio cym, Maser nepxanca TonbKO 3a CieT MOWeDKII Tlerpa. BOEHHDIMi COBET — TOCHEQHAA KATIA Kak’ wapectio, —nowa- yany Mosogo# uapb xoTeT Comboestisar® ubixos. K Yep- HoMy Mopio. B 3TOM KasaKM Maserist Bowseckst—eMy oworanm: HaGeri Ha KDBIM~ UeB M3faBHa GEUIM DIaBHOT oxomnoli crarbeli Kasaisxoro Giopera. Tor xe Azo 6st 13a He Gtarosaps nocrpoek- ony Tenpow ¢bnory, a Ga~ rowapa kaaakan ¢ 1x Manes pestis sennasan. Ho usrrepectt Poccr vm Rasauecrpapasoumes erp I aaszaes n noviny co Usewtei. Tonbua oxasa~ ac B COWSHIKAX, TaK 470 Masente npsuutocs ocrasirrs cao10 saperityio merry — poc- coeaunureca c IIpapoGepex- oil Yxpantor Bojiva co _Lllbeuptett BooSule MpHuiach He TO ayure Kasaxam. HaGern Ha Tlombay vem Kpuin yma Goraryio ROSNY, GHTBSL co lisenanu He MpuHocsian wuruero. K Tomy xe OKa- ance, “10. Heoprants0- uaHoe Kasause noficKo Seccrtmbsto HpOTKB IPO- dbeccnonaxbsiofi apron Kapna XIl. Tlerp cra- BW Ham KasaKant epycexanx odptepos: ro ect» stnocrpamues, Koropbie pHisina- sek o6y4at Bon Homo6inisii —Hapon fio-cnoemy ~ myuTpofi umopao60em. Kpome toro, Tlenp I cos~ nanan WeHTpamisoBantioe rocystaperso. _ABToWoMHOe Seal or cum uinercKoii oGopo- Hur». Ocenbio 1708 roma Mazene rioKasaioce, wTo xpaitnaa nypxua Hacrauta. Ort epenpasyxca uepes Jleciy H mpucoesyniutea K BolicKy Kapaa XI Ho Gonna acts crap- uniHbI 3a HMM He noua, a muorue xasaKH nonpocry cGexams. Masena noobe- lan uipegeKomy —Koporio SuMoBKY B ckoeit peswneH- um — Barypiue. OnnaKo ‘Anexcauip —— Menuakos gaxbarnt m oxer Batyput. ESTs 5 Tlocae story yxpavines nonoxene Yepamust yap ne yerpanipazo. B anrycre 1707 roga Tlerp spisBan Maseny Ha poenmbtit coner m cooGupia emy He ‘caumixom pagocrusie 13Be~ cmv. Kasauey nomky 6yayt Hepeopmuponaist 8 pery- aspHyW apmiio, a Ykpavita auwerea nocneHNX ocraT- Kos asrowoma. Masena 5 oruasiont coobmmin crap- uytiam: «Xorb 6o1 8B axirena Tepemenmich — mM TOrma ei He Mor cTyAGOIO H Bep- HOCTHIO CBOEID HNKaKOTO onysicr» GnaronapeHnia>. ‘Ap 970 Bpens K rpain- am Ykpanibt ye 1ozx0- sun Kapa XIL. Kasausu Bovt- ka GsUIM_ pas6pocaHEI 10 porrram CesepHoft novia Buiicitntoce, To samuuars Yepannty nexomy. Magera nonpocrn y Terpa xora Ost 10 Tacs erynsapHoro solicKa. «He ‘ronbKo 10 thes, HO M10 enonex He Mory aT». Kax Moxkere, cama O60ponsi- Teck», - orBeTH1 Laps. Daud samerHio moy6asnioce xena- [HIGH C1e20BaT» 3a PeTMAHOM. Bro Gamo yxe Gopmer- —Buqinio, Maserra cant HMM HapyINeHMeM —Beex NlOMMIMal, "Yr comepuIii goroxopos, 0 xKoTopsim ouGxy. On — ormipapii Poceits oGasatach saummiuaT B PyCcKy!o craBKy ofHoro Yepanny. Boeniitli copet 13 cambix 6nusKiX moxeii ~ cran nociegveli Kanzeii, nonxossviKa [lawniuia AnO- Hepenomnuielt vamy Tep- crona - ¢ mpenoxexvten ens Maser. spumarb Kapna XIl. Bonbuse Mas3ena yMenl pacrionaraTb K ceGe J0Le1, ocobeHHO >KeHUMH. IIpu 9TOM OBL MOUUaIUMB, CKPbITeH M He ven ypyseit. Mipasna, Tlerp ogcra- Mecstla ques nepero- CTH FOpSKYIOHLMOMO, BOpHs, KoTOpbIe HH K HeMy He Ox noSuter ata Masemst npsen, Terpa 1 yeni ‘arya KHAI® CasuyeHioh B Tom, sro epi reTMaKy PumcKo# saanepint. Ho Kembas. rermaH He oSonsmancs: —Jlanbxeyimee _ uswecrH «Xotar Mens yaosmerso- Kap XII norepuen nopaxe- Ditth KHspxkecrEOM —pMM- HME Moa TloaTapofi M BMecre Koro rocynapersa, a TeT- c rerMaHom Gexan_» Beut- MaHCTBO B9ATS, CTapuuuey gepsi. B ceHTAGpe 1709 rona cio y6pars, Topona non Masena yep. ‘poe ynpantenue oroGpars —-HeckombKo THCY Ka3a~ 1H MlOCTaBMTS B HMX BOGOR KOS, HepeNeTHYSILMXca Bme- ain ryGepHaropose. cre'¢ rermaxom x uiwenan, He okasam4 HHKAKOTO BANG MEPEXOMMEPES QECHY wns ua xo novi u naxe a Masenra ery xoq TlonrascKoit GTB B mepenucky ¢ nam — Hicropsteckat poms rer- ckHM Koponem Cra- mala Masenst oveH» cHLTBHO wucrasom — Jleuytti- mpeysensuera. Ox cero CKHM, CTABeHHHKOM HI NPONOKAN noMTIKY Kapna XIL Terma, cponx mpemumecrsennkon, xoTopoMy OVIO_KoTOpsle MBITAIMCH cneTaT yxe Ton 70, pelliwl, HeBOSMOKHOe - OTCTOSItb UTO TlepemeTHeTca wonbHocrM Yxpavinl. Ha cropony uinegos Ho «camoctuiinas> Ykpa- TOAbKO pH Kpaiiveli mila Bro spens Guia HUKONY nyxkue — «xorga apckoe me nyxna. MaKe cant Ben¥ecTBO He B COCTOAMMM ykpaHHibl He 3axoTeMM 3a Gyget He Tomko YkpaMHBi, Hee cpaKarbes. HOM Tocysapcrsa cBoero ‘Tne6 Cmauxos PYCCKAM MCTOPMA 15 pu KalintTabHa HakanyHe MepBovi MupoBoii BoviHbI poccniicKve ra3eTbI YacTO Nucann o nponaBwux nonApHbIx akcneqMuMAx Bnagumupa PycaHosa, Teopria Ceqopa wTeoprua Bpycunosa. Tp TpareqMu Kak 6b! CRAM B OfHY, XOTA NpMYMHb! rv6enn SKcneqMUMi bin pasHbIMM. ‘«FEPKYNIEC» YXOQMT B HEWSBECTHOCTI Braguimnp Pycawon we co6upanca—cranonursca TronspHuKom. — KyMeveckitt CcomH, OH 8 JOHOCTH. yaneKoH mapkcnsMon,, repxonyese- cx apectosbinazia wn srore owarpipana o pari. Sanyerun & Cop6oHHe OK opexyio AsecepTatno 10 reanoriat, yisieKes Apert xo, Tocerim ¢ dypanys- cxoit oxeneamupe’t Hosyo Semo, Pycarios mposex pa, canocronrenine — myreile cranis no ocrposy, a BepHyE- ines & Tapiog,” ssinycriit HecKOmbKO Maysibns iccre- ‘onan. Tocxamsxy or pevo- ‘noupouiod aesrenwocrs ot oroen, pocesicxsse sacra parracnm ero Wa soDK- hHocTs asabenKa -skerte- sumpar Ha come «LiNsrprt Corry, KoTopoe Aamo Gsv10 cenenosar» Kapexoe -Mope Ha npesiMer MpoxamGt mpacesi CeBepHioro MopcKoro ryrit (coesymnomero Arai staeciv oxeaxt ¢ Tous). Bee nonapuste npeampsx ‘ws PycaHiona sasepurannce yertexom, 8 1912 roay eny ‘ROREPHETK PYKOBOICTBO 3KC= neamwieli x UlnuGepreny a snepoGotitiofi unyne KEHI HA KOPABNE Teoprisit Bpycunos npouc- ogi i nosTenHofi ceNBH, canbim HspecriiM_ pen” ccranirexem KoTopo crat ero nas ~ reHepan, B Yecrs Koroporo Haa8aH sameHl- ‘hii Bpyewsoscias npops. Thiemanuinx-noaapHux, xax u Cegos, yuacrsonart Pyccko-snoricKoit_ wofine, Toe coyxvin » Tanporpa- vsecrom——_ ympannesniit Hi Toxe He moTysiT rocy- apetmesHbnx cpencTs Ha opraxnaaiuno coGerEeHHoti kenny. Hebei soine- sain vactHbie iia, MpeXTE ‘cero ~ cynpyra npyroro ero aan (coctostrenbHoro 3eM- 5renstalenbita), B HecT KOTO poli xynineniylo y aarin~ ‘aH xyury epentenonart 2B eCaatyio Any», Tipanna, pevb mina He © noxopeius namoca, a 0 Iapanint 0. Ceanopnyrn. Tipearionaranoc», To wacrs cpeacts yaacrea_xovtnen- ‘cupouarb 32 cer OxOTHI Ha nyutnioro eps. K manansio or Mlerep- 6ypra m0 Anexcanapon~ cxa-nia-Mypwane — (lonap- wot) B Kavecroe TypHCTEH npxcoemumnitacs EpMuiit 2knaHKO ~ 0vs reHepara A Tes HoNanDRIOK Bpycunosa no riaporpadut- ‘eckomy ynpanten0. B aopore HeckonsKo weT0- ek, BKMONASL BpaNa, 360- en, 1 8 AtexceHAponcKe Bpyciniosy pono mpi- loco nexars vt saMeny. Epmuams, — oxowsnmuan xypenl NesIMAHCRHX cecreD, vacroana, sro cMoxeT auinomisrs —oGaauocTs apava, rypanow st dai sreveckn.gamecritrenem Bpyciuiona cran Batepwatt ‘Aib6aH0. TipynepHo 8 70 spems, xorgagactpa1a—unsysa Cenona, «Caran Ania» puinura’B miaganbe. CyaHo yenemo —-mpeonozen0 Kapcate opora, @ orow smepsno B zen y sariasiioro noSepexs Sbuaia, Basralt 8 negonssit zen xopatine seqeHo mpeli- onan x cesepy. Hasarace shmop. Tlo nesepam monspHvKst coGupamice B casoHe. Kax Berioman ——-AnOaHO8, cEDMaGHu AnexcanapoBHia cena "3a xosaiixy”. Hn oauolt mmnyrsr ona We packanwanack, 40 "yos3a- ace", KaK MBL TOROpHM, ¢ wavs. Kora Mb WYNN na aty Temy, OH cepayitac ne Ha myrey. TIpw stcron- ew cBOHX cayyeBuX oGazanHocrelt "xosaiiKit” Hepnoe pea crpauitHo Konpyswacs. —_ Cronao Komy-riGyay oGpaturrsca K Heli ¢ npocs6oit Hamm ‘ial, Kak onfa MoMeHTaS HO pacha 0 Kopxefi soxoc, crecusiick, To He mped >xyia CaMa>. KyQA NIPONANA ‘«CBATAR AHHA®? Becuoit 1913 roa uxyHa oxasaiacs cesepuee Honojt Semi 4 Apelibonara K emme dparua-Hocuda, Crano sicko, “70 0cB060- SWITCH OT ‘MbiOB yAcreH ‘TONDKO B cHenytouleM TORY, TpHOMAIHBUINCE K oDIBa~ emoii TenambimA TevennsMit Tpenmansen. BosHiikio —mporuBocto- sume mexay Bpycimosbint 4 ApGanionbim, a WleHDL SKeMeAMIUNH — pasneNvAtee a Ame napriit, BosMoxH0, a yray6nenne KOMqeKTa HoBMaI0 pMcyreTBHe Ha KopaGine >xeRAHBL, K KOTO poli nionapHuiks” — Gime ecbMa HepaBHOAYINHEL. B xonte saps 1914 roza AaKOaHOR 1 ewje 13 venoweK eum 0 seay AOGparbcs no mica @n0pa, rae, KaK VicuesHoBeHne cpas3y Tpex SKCIeTMLM BbIZBaIIO B Poccm Tako pesoHaHc, UTO Ha Mx TOMcK 6pocwiM 3HaUMTeNIbHbIe CHIBI. maples 6bim0 waRecTHO, HaxoMWIeE ‘ciuia, sanoxentbifi Cpyrran- KOH oKcremmapteti peae- puxa Tbxexcowa. 10 we0sex eranitce ¢ BpycHtornint, #0 HOTOM RepHYMch Tpoe 3 ‘gwera Tex, KPO yulen ¢ Arti Ganossim, Mapmipyr 8 560 xuome- ‘Tpop no bay eMory npe- ofoner TOmbKO ANBGaHOB 4 marpoc Koxpan. Cyns6a ke «CosTowi AMMBIO OcTa~ ach HeusBecTHOfi, 470 YA DitrenbHO, TocKombIKy cyAHO GeL10 aocraTouHo KpenKHIM, ‘a 3aniacon mposlykTOB Ha HEM ORKHO GbUIO XBATVTTS 0 ‘ocenit 1915 roga. Jonycrus, {ero SKUATIDK MOF yMeper’ OT GonesHeli, wo Kya ens cam xopa6s?’ Teoperiueckst 10 nonogy Toro, TO M1poH30~ iro co «Caarolt Auote, cymtecrnyiot age pepesit. Bupnapucs 3 ea080TO ea, Kopatins 160 nor BO BpeMA wiTOpMa, A160 6bI1 TloTONMeH HeMenKoH nogpoguoii 1oxKoi%. VcuesHonenue — cpasy ‘Tpex skcHlemMUIA BBI3BATO B Poccii Takoli pesonarc, ‘ro Ha HX Move Gpocsimt suawirenbine cuibi. Tpit TOM arepRele B HCTO- pu ADKTHKH McrIoM30- panack apwauiel. Oxcne~ munis Viexaxa Menamona Bompysiaa nar Ha Benne ‘panua-Hocnda, 063058 ee poccHiickoii teppuro- pueti, Jlenoxonst Exarepiiia pocta i xopo- ena. Anexcanap II spems or Bpemexs Hapenbipancs B wucrirryr 4 aapyn eft KOH ert. B aexa6pe 1865 roma xuspkna Jlonropyxona, yxe oxonumpitias yueby 3 Cmab- HOM, rynsuta B JleTHeM cay. Hnaronknynace na apa. Tor 6u1 ovaposan ioHofi Kpa- cannueli, Xora MHOTHe Catt ‘Tams, “TO KpacaBnuien ona once He Gouta. ‘Tax unm sae, Berpest Jlemmem cany cram nowt exeanesnbinnt. aps sce- ued YBNEKCH TOHOH KAR oi elipyroh epacoera & moIOGHBXx obcroRTen- ccrsax Mor 61 nocttomss0- BaTbcn Moeii HeDMHHOCTHIO, HO OH Bex ceGR CO MHOM ¢ wecruocriio 1H Gnarapon- CCTBOM YerloBeKa, moGaMerO ¥_ yeaxarouero >xerny, oSpamazen co mmol KaK co. cenmenim — mpemne- Tom», ~ ncnowiana [onro- pyxoba. «B revenne uer0r0 roga, Kora Tot oTTanKiEaTa Mens... He wena He pH Ginxsiies x. x OmHOIK >KEH- ine», ~ xxavonanen AneK- canap TL B Konesriom cxere «cas- mjentistit mpeamer» npespa sree» moGopunuty. B esere Navan cymaunTs 0 WopoMt Pomatie unieparopa. Pon raerinexos Exerepnnst 9TH cays He pagonans, 1 ont yoeann ee 3a rparnay. Ont werpensices Haproxe via Beemmpuoisucrasxe. Oce- xiio 1867 rona oHa pepreynace 2 Pocemo, Terep» mosonis0t expevaice iB SHNHeM anopue, u. 8 Tleveprode, it B Tapexom Core. ‘m_Berpewn He ocTa- nee Ges nlocaencraiti: 1872 roy Exarepusa Morxaiinonsa posuaa csiia ~ Teoprus. Orent ~ Anexcaxmp Hl ~ mpweyrersosan mpm ponax. Tlonropyxona pomier uapio ceute rpex aerel —stayx aowe- peli 4 chia Bopuica, KoTo- pai, mpasna, yMper » nna- ewsiecroe. ‘«BOMNbEMCA KAK KOLIKM» ThoGopnnua - 370 yCTAIGE, a BOT yeTH - 3To yyke cepsestio. Ecrecrsexto, feck micumnit chen cyse- Suto OTHOMEHISX Usps 11 k1ubKb, HO OBI He O6p2- ua BHHIMARI Ha CTY. Onm Gbumm cuacramepr. OHM oun 2pyP APY Coxpanionics, _ michara nmig6rennx: 3450. nicem ‘Atexcarpa Il 1458 ruscem Exarepinint, 911 nioctanv rrontnrrrexaiocnH, & HHOra werpacri. “ o63xa¥0 mpocsinaTscs patom © TOO! Kora Tot "REXUTY B KPOBATH psION CO moi, nacan tap. «Max, zo ceroguiaumtero nevepa, 10 5/4, porbentesKax KOMIK 310 70, weMy Y MeN yKac- nan crpactb», ~ mncana iuoxnia, Coxpaninea ut ans6oxe sporieieckix pxcyiKon, nenanionx Anexcavinpom I. Moxenbio coypxia «yes» ~ Tako HaSbIDAN cBOD _no6osHty. ix powatt nepecran Gorr rafinofi, Homepavop roce- win asoprnxy 8 uatHeN ‘nopuie. pmvto wan oxo SaKOHHOM xen! — Mapict ‘Anexcanmposnsi. Mmepa- pina cmnsana, xaK 6eraior vecensirea etm — neTH ee ya oF KIRN JLONTOPY- Kono B sto Bpewa_sewepa~ pina Goura yxe emeprenbHo Gonbua. A 22 mas 1880 roma staxorra esena Mapiio Aek- canaporay 8 Morwty. Ora ystepta B THON OnitHOse- cre. Mypk Haxogmica B Llap- cxom Cen. Paaynteeres, CO noe mo6acoi Karel Korna-ro Aekcariap IL rnooBellan, To EHHTCA. Ha Tlonropyxoaoii, Kak ronxo raver cnobonnsine. Teneps ont cra enoboauisi. TIpi- tro spent poiriomirrs o6¢- rmanuie. Exarepitia Misai- Zosiia nocTomHHO. HanowH- asia emy 06 3TOM. OKenutbGa Ha HepaBHo- poniiofi ocoSe — 370 ckak- san, Msaanerp p0pa Aztex Caniap Autep6epr morrancs forronoprins taps. He 1yr-T0 Gsuro: no exoBaN noNHCTDA, owprna , ~ BeTo~ MuHa BeMMKIM KEES ANeK- caiap Muxaitnonu. «Ova ynlana WaBSHi4s Ha Teo aps, nloKpsIBas ero pyKH oowenysim w KpHsa: “Cala! Cama!” 310 GsuI0. HeBBI- Hocnmos. Korma spay o6b- pia, WTO WOMTIepaTOp CKOH- vuanesi, «kiarins FOpsescxast pexpuiknyna m ynana. Ee pozonetit c Genbim pHCyHKOM ewbloap Gb Bec por aH KPOBBIO>. ThoGopussit pomaxt saKoH- ‘wiea Tparexveii, M spose Ge Kuss !Opresexast sloxasana, TO MCKpeHHe mona Anexcaaapa Il. Ho POACTEeHHMKK —MOKoiiHoro usimeparopa He oueHHUL ee yscrs. Efi cpasy anu onstrs, 470 oa Ans Poma- HOBBIX’ Wyxas. — KHAIHHS vyexama 3a rpavviuy. ‘Yepes Horo ser ¢ Exare~ pwnoi Murxaiinosuoit nion- PykvWIace PeTHKA KHATIS Onpra Anexcanposna, cecrpa Huworas Tl. Benxas KHArVHst sscrio masa 0 JOppencKoit: «B 6 won 1880 rofa AmexcaHyip II u Exarepuna Jlonropykosa TavfHO, HO BIOHe 3aKOHHO oOBeHUaIIMICb. ‘Tor eH, Kora Moero nest Ow, Bpems Wu Hee octa- HOBHIOCE. OH TOKO O HEM ropopivia». Ha sTom moxxo 6b110 Got nocrasurs TouKy. M 68110 661 Kpacuao. Ho oGpas Exa~ ‘Tepuibt Mutxaiitosis nany- ‘anes. Opt ciaKoM Post rues, A ova He Guia OMaHITH{KOM. Zia, knspxna Jlosropykosa comact ¢ apem no m06BH. Ho 0 ceGe ona Toxe niKorAa we sa6uipaa. Boxpyr Hee Kpyrumucs pasHoro _pona ‘leAbUBI-TfpOXOAUNIIDT, 2 OH, ombaysich CBOHM BIMSHHEN Ha uMmeparopa, BbIGuBata Mim BbIrOmHBIe| OMpaABE W Konueccus. Ecrecrsenno, cnsirogoit 410 ce6a. Eme mpy sxsw Anex- cap II nanoxvo Ha vit xusarvest TOpsescxoit pit Miwumona pyéieli. Anexcanap III nonapin eit aom 8 Tlevep- Gypre nasa meHCHHO ~ 100 rates pyGieit ros. Tlonavany TOpsepckas He skanopanace. Ho ¢ 1900 roma ‘oanayanateppopsMposat Huxoras II, Tpe6y Gombe gener. Kiaruia mpyGerana K oTkponesIHOMy mraHraxy — rposacs MpoaTs ¢ TOprOB epemicky ¢ AteKcantapont I. (Or nee orkyramice, Koxesto, 970 He KpaciT Exarepuny’ — Mutxaiitosny. Ho ¢ pyrofi croposs ~ kak elle Oa Moria OTHOCHTECA K Pomanossim? —Koroppie apaxaice oF Hee, KaK OT sayywnenuoll. M Tax u He eMORIM MpOCTHTS KUATUHe, ‘u70 OHa MomoGs1a onHoTO is Ha, Anexcandp CxaSuvescxutt PYCCKAS HCTOPHA 19 BevmMKaA aa AHHACTHH «Ham a occnin» CambiM M3BeCTHBIM NpesicTasuTenem ponia CTonbInVHbIx, KOHEYHO »e, Goin MeTp Apxagbeew Cronbinuk, npeMbep-MMHNCTp Ha4ana XX Bea. Hou ppyrve 4neHb! 3TOrO CeMelicTBa 3acnyKMBaloT Toro, UTOGbI 0 HX pacckaszaTb. CAVKWIBIE ABOPRHE Haneprioe, axe aBoes- HK HOMHT — rlepBBIE cTpOKM——_CTHXOTBOpeHHs Mypxaiuia —_Tlepwontosa «Boponimio», me maroxoit coat o6paiiaercs: K BeTe- pany: Gosx oTnary Homonaii Anexcoenis 6st pencrazaet x opseny Ces- ‘oro Teoprisi 4-H creer. Anexcawap I, paccmorpes npeucrasnesne, peutnn zat ccpaay 340 crenents ~ enya Ocravouno penkit Becoii 1830 roma, yxe bunie revepan-nefirenanta, Huxoxali Cronin Oot askayen — rySepuaropoxt » Cepacronont, re cuMil- KoMt kpyt0 Havian mpowonr® anpannessote a Gopb6y © xanepoii Kapantinutiste meponpustus. B pesynb- ‘rare 3 toxix 6 Cevacrorione pany Gyr. Crommonia Tex pacrepsaait, pose SilHOBHMKN oTaena” ic HamsToIntn GoxaNt. “Marans 3 Gpatbes 6uin ‘ror cavutit Aganaoi Anexce- eis Cronin, Hass parnyio cayxGy — IT-ner- ‘nun ronowielt 1805 rony. 3a xpa6pocr om nonywnin Impecrioxiasit 91st mononoro ‘oguuepa opgen CasToro Brawimpa 4-fi_ crewmen ¢ Garo, a 6 GwTse on puananiom — TaKeTyIo pany B ory, mocrencraua oropoitslanans 0 cese 3Har 0 KOH HOISH. B Orevecrsenty nofiny xpa6po cpaxavier mx Bopo- me, yAocTOXBIHc> 30n0- ‘oii mars, Oawaxo 3-38 o6ocrpernt crapolh pant emy Mpumtoce B3sTb 2Mt- ‘Tenbabili OTMYCK, TaK #70 O1L yyerien noy@cTBOBaT» TOKO 3 sakmowrenbHom — aKre Barpannenenx OXOROS = pasrint Tlapsoxa. B. omuane or mpytux ‘ogimepos, ero He MpOHs- eH Ocpo4HO B O¥epeAHOTE sum, 1 oGvoKeH BS Adbania~ cuit Anexceesies 8 1817 rony [BMINLeN B OTCTABKY B CKDOM- Hom spare urraGe-Karut- Taxa. Ymepuunit Tora xe o7eu, cocranisn emy B CaparoncKofi ryGepHma conAHyIO Om Hacrencrsa B BHine cera Jlecuan Heenonka ¢ mps- hheraoupon —_ AepestaNtt Ty6epuckie —npeagomyrre= new gpopancrsa OH cra 1b 1839 rony, Korma yoxe can ‘TancH cBoero porta TAaBo!t sorana Crontannbrx. ‘Acpatiacist Anexceepirt He pag To MetoaHBIM TOBAHAM saTenan BoitHBt ¢ MecrHLIM wavanbcraom. — Pasapaxen- nit Takyot osenerHent Huxonait 1» 1842 roay He Yyrnepauia — mepest36panvie Cromininia_—TryGepHcKv pensomurrerem vopsncTBa. cHoBa ‘oGrimeacs yexar 8 Mocksy, Te XI OTKPBITBIM sOMON. Bu6anorpad Cepreft Toto- anki ocraBHA O HeM TaKO!L orabiw: «Tam 1 rloceaHili, Bepowrio, OcTaTOK Mpex” nero Heo6pas0BaHHOTO, TPy~ Goro 6perepa-npopaiiia ycexoro, HO, BMpoNeN, He Sn0ft Oven cMpimuneNDi wenoserr. Yoep Adaraciti ‘Antexceenirs 5 1864 rony. DETH CEHATOPA Pacckas 0 ciezytoutent oKonenmia — Crompinuesnx cnenyet HayaTb c_neTeit cenaTopa Apxaays Anexce- epwua, Crapunigi 3 Huo — ‘Anexceli - Obi ApyxeH co ‘cBoviM pogcrBeHtiKoM Jlep- MoHTopbiM, Gnarojaps KovO- omy 1 nowen 8 HCTOpiIO © mposeuutem Mouro. Tak asbisanacs TiosMa JlepsoH- ‘Tora, Me OH cam M AneKceit Apkaabesis usrypuponaz B Kayecrae —mepcouaxcli, a clOxerom TloctyawuIa noeanka Ha Aauy K anepyne Exatepinne Ilumenonoii. Mimenno —Moxro Gu cexyaanrom —nosta Ha ‘myomut ¢ Bapaurrom, 3a KOTO Pylo Hx OGowx coctamt Ha PYCCKAM MCTOPHA 21 Kanxaa, Ox 2xe 6sUt_ cexysi- ‘aHTOM 1 Ha POKOBOM Ay ¢ Mapratiosii. B Kpsin- ‘exyt0 nofiny Monro ysacrso- a B oGopoxe Cesacronioas, rae Tonys sonotoe opy- ene uit wafiopa. Yeiep B 1858 rony 8 Mramiu eT Boctlanenii —BHYTpeHHO- creiiv Bpar Monro ~ Aowerpsit ~ ‘roxe yuacrnonan B o60poHe Cenactonoas 4 TOxe Tony- ‘wu 3oaor0e opyxve 3a xpa- 6poctp. ButiasB oTcTaBKy, om pwo6pen wanecriiocr aK misrepatop i myabikaitr. Bo DEM OMHOM 13 MOeSRIOK 3a pavny JDsirtpiit ApKant- eps yBseKcx ywennen countonora Onocra Kora peu, sro su14 pesbopo- ORaHIIA” 3eMerbHBIX. OTHO- menu n Pacem wao paspy- uns o6 muy, gene CraBKy Ha exUMHOMSHHHKA-xyTOps- numa, Tose 97a nes Gotta sayMersonaiia —er0_BO- opOnHbIN —eMAHHIKOM Kak OcHOBa sli arpapHolt pebopmbi. Bnpoyem, cKoH- wasmice 8 1893 romy, at ‘rp Apkanweost 20 mpaK- ‘Tusteckoft peamzaniun chow Bar1sii0B He OKT. ecrpa AneKcet 1 [own- ‘rpita ~ Mapust~ ensina xpa- camer, rosmioumes pit ‘wope Huxoas I, pasy Gsina Tpovspenena BO dperinurtl. BaGormsbili —nenyuka = aonnpan, Mopaaitios ~ or rpexa nionavtue nocrte- uni BeUNaTe ee SaMyK 3a epenexrimmsoro mvepa- ‘ropa m miorooGewarouero surrmiomara Mana Bera. ‘Tor uepes nab ner yotep, 4M ocrapimasea ¢ AByMt merit wa pykax Mapes Apkasenia bITa 3AM 180 Bropofi pas, cHOBa 3a nlep- 22 PYCCKAR HCTOPHA Ts cnexrusHoro jummomara ~ xnsa8 Tana BasencKoro (count apyra Tiyukna Terpa Basentcxoro). Becre ¢ HUM ona HeMa:to oesaista no Espone, poas ete Tpex sereit 3anuimaiace GnarorsopiTensHocrso. Jes Toncrofi Hassan ee «npenect- noit mpenctasirrensineit ycckix skenuuitt. Onna 43 ee novepefi ~ Anexcaxpa ~ BuIA 3aMyx 3a Gymyutero MMHVICTpA_BHYTpEHHIIX eA ‘Dsurrpus Comsruna, sactpe- ‘ennoro 8 1902 roay acepont Crerratiom Banmamtensin. BOPUpI C PEBOMIOUMEN Or pyk teppopucta nat MM BenuKuii pedopmarop Tlerp Apkagbesut Cronbr runt, nponsHecunnit suaste- vueryio >pasy: «VM Wyk BennKHe TlorpaceHi, Han ykHa Bemkas Poccust». Ero retleanono cToHT paceMo- ‘pera oraembiio. Jen npembep-Mossvicrpa = Aberpinit Avexceewst ~ Guia Gpatom ‘«GopoamHcKoro Away, cenaTopa Ht yOu enoro cenactononckoro ryGepraropa. Crpanto, Ho Oo MpOcKOMU KaK-TO MMO SHiMaNNs — cOupeMexin- KoB, Xow Toxe yuacrooDaTt 8 Hanoneowoneis wofatax, epaxkanes gocrofino 4 yaep 8 1826 roxy 8 Bospacre 40 net, yee Gynyn reHe- pax-naiiopom. Tlo noettoltcrese owen mero cbiH Apxamit. Ha Kap- ase of noenat ¢ roplant, 8 1849 roxy ormeriics 8 Bexrepexoi xammanin, wecre ¢ poserBeHiaxayon oGoponan ‘Cepacronons, 8 1877-1878 roaax epaxanca © Typkamu wa Bankanax. B nrepepsisax mexay sovi- aN mponier ce6x xeno- sim -antwinuecsparopo%, aaa Kak nakasHol ara- nai Ypambckoro_Kasasbero oficka, a noTOM KaK ryGep- Hatop BoctouHoi Pymenun (ote — toxran acre Bon apinn). C 1892 roma 1 10 onus (8 1899-M) aan Man jomxHOcTs KoMeHUIaHTa Mockosexoro Kpestna. Tlepsaa cynpyra - Exa- repntia Yerntona ~ pomiina ey catia Ilntpis, KOT0- pai cxavana Toxe ‘rotten Mo BoeHHOH Crese, HO pao omen 3 orcrasky 1 Ben 2aHb MOMeMIAK. Onnones, — Apkanii Ionerpuenis EMH Wa weisxite Haranbe | Mirxali- zonnte Topuaxosofi ~ xowepit resepare, — mpoxpasmiero 1855" roxy. Kanmnarurto 3 Kpuiny, a rorom, Gyayun HaMecraot Laperea Tmscxoro, noseamiero sero zo oepentoro antrupocent- crore Bocerainta. Bo BTopom 6paxe y Apa: 61 Jinerpuesya porwentch Sob Mapit 1 Tpoe cto defi Mizxaven norw6 anya € xavzem Illaxoncxsn, & ero epecra ~ Kak 6st 10 waene; cry — nepenina x 6pary Tlerpy, camomy sspectHOMy mpesicrasremo poma Cro- oan. Buin y Apxanvan Nan pwesieaa ete omit coi — Anexcanap, crapiinit xyp- agnctom i pesaxropom rasevot«Canr-Tlerep6ypr- cxne nenonocriy. Virre- ecko, ro Cromsimisia buirtanm e mlocra penaxropa sa enpeawoe —Hanpane- se». Tlosniee on conpya- HMaN C KONCepBATHBHEIO amanuen , cocrosin » riaprit oxta6pH~ cron w nestieckst noaep- >xvpat romTuKy cBoero Gpara~npemoep-snnncrpa. Tlousrio, 10 pesomouiio Anexcaviip Apxanseni He puns, SMurpHpORAN HB 1925 rony yatep m Benrpaze. Y Tlerpa Apkamesnua Cronmirma Gomitnars nove peli (Mapua, Haranss, Enewa, Onera, Anexcanapa) 1 mu ‘onan enix ~ ApKanuet. Kora rpanyna pesomouts, sity 6bn0 Tonbxo 14 ser, TaK ‘TO B camocTosTembHyiO >KNSHD cemy npuurnoce BerynaTe ye BoMurpayian. Apkamutit Tlerposues Gout yOexteHHbIM — TporHBxt- Kom KommyxiaMa, paSoran » Hapontio-rpynonom coroae (HTC) - neposrio, camori ToctenoparentHoit 8 cnoeMt anrucoserisme amutpant- ‘cxofi opransauyon. Zo Kpaxa CCCP ox He OH concext HeMHOro, —" ckow¥aBUIice 11 jexa6ps 1990 rona. Cympyrori ApKanHA Tlerposnva crana 20% panuysckoro avriomata panicyasa Fpauuss. Mx crap- mist cbin Merp 1 om Ma- Duala acteaMiKoR He cranny. Ee omv cot — ZInn- palt — paGoran p arewr- crme ? Vctopua 3HameHnTo «[|Mkovi pMBu3KM» o6pocna Mvdamn M NereHpaMn. TlosTomy ecTb CMbICN paccKa3aTb NOgYIMHHY!O KCTOpMio sTOrO HeObbI4HOrO BOMHCKOTO CoepMHeEHHA. «eBPATCTBO N10 OPYHKHIIO CPYCCKMMM> Hawnem Toro, ro «dlnKas anpnsism - 370, Kontesito xe, paaronoprioe nassanne. A oguuptant- oe — Kapkascxast Tysewiaa KonKas mMBHSHS. Ona Osta cosnana yxasom Hoxkonast If 2B asrycra 1914 raza. Tsai cocras | ayn ani Ha6upanea 13 06p0- Bomues ~ npexcrasiireneyi opewusix Haponos Kan~ asa, Boero pvsin Goto 6 nonkos: KaGapaysicxt, Tlarecranens, Tatapewsti, Yeuenexuii, | Yepreccesti, Miarymcxo Kowanzvspom Kapxascxori ysenno’s KONHOML AKBHOHE Guin HasHaveH wunaqmati 6par uaps ~ nent KH Mian Anexcanaponis. Baxiem so06ue noHAO- Gwnoce cosnanare TaKoe onpaszerenmie? Teno B TOM, 70 B UapeKOM Poccvt opus Ceaepxoro Kank ne NlowteKamM npnsbiBy Ha Bowticxylo cryx6y. B srox Gwin mpaxruseckitit pace saem o6yuars BOMHCKOMY seny Tex, KOTO He Tak aBHO TOKOpUA CALTON OpyAus!? Saxem roroniet» Gofiion A Tnoremupanstiore— woccra- Hus? Onwaxo ewe » 1913 rony Boesiioe —_utkicTepeTso NpHWAo K BMBORY, TO . B casas ¢ sTvat ROSHMKATM MAKE KyPHESHIBIE ayia, Hocryitiaem sce Toro xe Anaranix Mapsona: Ko mueli as HOBO peBusH, 3 ‘KaKOBOMI CPOK CoTHs! NODKHA onions negocTasy. B ce aylouusii npuesa.ox Hauer 10 BHIETOBOK HUEVOX Tlowavany —ropubi He 6pann nner, a pyOwat TONORBI CEM CRABLIHINCS: HowanoGunvey nlocroannsie Kpontotmsnie youn oye luepeKoro Kopmyca, 4706s MaMenrs oTHoMTeRHe cBOx ORUHEKHEX 1 x Bpaxe- ‘ona riverine, 1K HME (Cray mmnpubix xorrezet Bout 8 AMBASHIC 3KC~ nepiment mo cosqanio caoero poaa B Hiurynickom —KoHHon onky K HMesiIHMeH YeTH eM COTHAM — BCaRHHKOB ‘ocenbio 1916 roa abopy- posann nsiryio, cpepxurrat- ayo commio. Cocrosiia ona HS uRrymeKx — a6peKos ire et Ta fmerieimetetent (paxGortnKon), —_KoTOpsIe ROME OBL xaIORAHbe opiLiepaM B MATH SanaRHbX — MpHrpaasranbex TyGepronx. Poceuiicisti —_pajonofi Mor paCcurTbIBaT — exe~ ToaHo Ha 10 pyGnel. 3ro coscen HemHoro, Ho coma~ ‘ram OMjeNbHO BBIMIANHBa- yc v3 GroxeTHDIX CpeNCTB ReHDIK «Ha Maco» «Ha comp». %Kanonatbe conta- ‘Tam Beyjaparoce Tp pasa B Tog, Ha Onjem mocrpoe- Huw. Odbmuepam- npusnra- sce 1pm sia KaseHHDIX BRITVIAT: 2kavtOHaHbe, CTOHO- BHI M KBApTupHie eHBIA. Pasmep sapiicen or SBaHvi%, OUKHOCTH HM ceMefinoro nonoxeHs. Pycexatii nonkonnak nony- van 85 pyGreli exemecs4Ho, ipanopuyx (nepsbiit ogi- epcKitit wu) ~ 15 py6neit. Kananepuctam KOMIMeHCH- PoBanck Mx pacxombr Ha Conepxanne 1 skMIMHpOBKY somaneli Ty cpasueuns: rosayia oGxouputach 8 20 KorieeK 3a worpanm, wait ~ 25 py6eit 3a KAMOTpAMN, KiCIOTPAMN coummoworo Macaa crows 10 Koneek. Apmeficxue o- epi acto croosansicp BCKAAUILY, CHABAR eMBTIE <3 Gui Koren ~ Kro CKOTEKO cMOxeT. 370 NOSBO- ‘IANO 3aKYHATE MPOAYKTHI TO Onrrosbim WeHaM, TO ye MeRs10 nHTAHHe. Odsuepan reapann npu- xomioce TpyaHee ~ uM Hy HO Ohio necr# o6pas >oteHH, — cooraercrayiomtit ex crarycy, 70 oGxomnoCD eneueno. Bnposest, Gonb- nvnacrBo reapaeexsex ooi- uepos Geum MoMeMUiKaNt, wyoxstoxonbt He orpansa5a- sch kas1OBartbeM OT KASHBI. “Taroxe oxaaziBa/ach COUA- amiga moMoM Bn0za%, Matepant i evan rorHGuDex ogimepos — sem nnarHase evciso. TIPEMMA KYTY30BY_ B 1811 romy nepenoopy- xxi MeXOTY — 3aKyMUIK oRbIe, Goee conpentenuste Dyxbs. B OGuJeM, PacxonDt ha apmiio Goin necsma suauntenbupimn. Ho He UI HMB KaKoe cpapHe- Hie ¢ TeM, 470 Havanock p 1812 roay. Boesnie onepanvin nep- Boro roa OreyecrBeHHOlt pofintt crowns 157,5 aunt wa py6reii (9a nat» eT 0 ‘Toro Ha cyxoyTHyl0 apMyz0 uapacxonosana 43 vumA- owa pyGreii). 3a varianve soficx Hano- meowa noe 6e3 ucKMoueHI BoeHHocTysaumje —ramy- WIM naryronOBOHt OKA Ha oGuyno cyomny 4 MuIMHOHA pyGnefi. Anexcannp I we cKy- Hovis Ha MpeMoL my on osqaues. Mooxavn Kyry303 roryuvwr 100 Tove pybreit a Boponuno. Pevepany Are ccaniapy Topacony 3a nepssiii BoUNTpaHHBIH pyccKsiwt Coit uaa $0 rites pyGrefi mpi ‘ogonom owtage B Be THIET B arom mimale pyccKiit oitiepatop Hite He OTII- ack oT ¢bparuyscxoro. Hantoneon toxe He >anet ener ans odyayepos, a rere- panurery pasqapiu Gonee 16 MuiMHoHOS paHKos. Hanpumep, mapuian ebenp sa pare flanupara monyant 300 ru1eay pantkos. Ho ¢ppanuyackomy nate patopy 6bi0 mpoue ~ oH oAy¥an ACHE MS. KaSHBL 3axBaeHHbix rocysapcTs. Kpome Toro, soeHbie Zeit~ cron ¢unanicrposan Bark ‘payin, KoTopssit Bowa~ napr yupenmt, ewe Gyayst nepsbim. KoHcynoM pecity- Ginkut. Bo spentena vamepit Banik pany Gsut nepe- nomen poxcrseHHKast M apyssann Hanoneoua, ‘raK TO HKAKHX TpoGmeM © anum xpenrHsim yupe- 2kuleHHeM He BOSHUKAO, ‘SKOHOMMYECKAR ‘MBEPCUA K nofine c Poceweft (ppax- uysckiii unimteparop Toa roroswicn —ocHloparensio 1M cepbesHo. OH xoren He TONBKO ORepKAT BoeHHYTO no6eay, HO i moqopsaTb poccilicKyIo — KOHOMVKY. C sro menbio HartoxeoH pues c coGoK damun- bie poccsificxwe accuria~ um. Micropaxst wasupaior pasiie cymmst ~ o7 70 0 120 muanMoHoR —pyGreit Bea onepaumist xpanwiace B rallue,O Hedi suai TOKO Hantoneor! st tpoe Heniocpen crperitx — Menomirrenci KaxnncmeuHo,bansunssie accuriani OBIT H3TOTOB- eB Goltee KavecrseHHo, em pocciickme —opyiri- anst, Pacriosare nomenKy MOKHO Gii10 TOMKO 113-38 ommmGoK rpanepos, He3Ha- KOMBIX. ¢_ KHpHUTHYECKO! as6ykoll: B ctopax «rocy- apcrpentiolis H «xomsew> mecro Gykabi «ily croana all>. Kpome Toro, womunat Gen CAMMIKOM. KPyMHBIAT ~ Yy KpectbsiH mpocTo He HaxO- syuioch Crom Aoporocros- ‘ux ToBApOB. Yacrb —__ oputtepcKoro skavtonanest HanoneoH Beiaa- ‘pan GabulMinkams, Hajlescb Gwicrpee BBeCTH Hx 8 O60 por. Ho ¢bpasuyscxas apm Mpeanowsrana — OTHHNMaTE npogosomcrsue « dypax, ae noxynar wx. B octannennoit dpan- uysama—-Mockse Haunt HECKOEKO MevaTHBIX CTaH~ KoB A MSTOTOBTEHUT qampunmsix accnrianti, HO HenOwsITHO, 314x114 06 3TOM Bowanapr wit 370 Guna ‘unsi-T0 _ camogestTembHOcT®. 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