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Forget lions, tigers, and bears. When it comes to the art of war, army ants are among the most frightening creatures on earth. With powerful mouth parts,
these ighters can skillfully cut creatures much larger than themselves into pieces. Acting together in great number, army ant colonies succeed at making
tens of thousands of such kills each day. Their capabilities do have limits, though. Contrary to popular belief, they almost never take down large animals
or people.

One of the best places to observe army ants is Barro Colorado, an island in a lake creates by Panama Canal. The island is home to as many as 50 colonies
of Eciton burchellii, the most studied army ant in world. It is one of 150 types of army ants in the New World; more 170 other types live in Asia, Africa, and
Australia.

The colonies of this army ant are huge, ranging from 300.000 to 700.000 ants. They never stay in one place long, moving from nest site to nest site.
Linking legs together, they use their own bodies to form enormous nests called bivouacs, which they hang beneath a fallen tree. There they stay for
about 20 days as the queen lays as many as 300.00 eggs.

When the ants go hunting as many as 200.000 of them leave the nest in a group that broadens into a fan as wide as 14 meters. This swarm raid takes a
slightly diferent course each day, allowing the hunter to cover fresh ground each time.

Protecting the ants wherever they go are soldiers, recognizable by their oversized jaws. If their frightening looks do not scare enemies away, soldier also
have a powerful bite and the attack is o en suicidal. Because their jaws are shaped like ishhooks, the soldiers cannot pull them out again. Amazonian
tribes have used soldier ants to close wounds, breaking of the bodies and leaving the head in place.

Eciton burchellii are blind and cannot see what a head of them is, but they move together in such great numbers that they can easily kill the non-army
ants, insect and other small creatures that constitute their prey. When the groups happen upon a break in the path, ants immediately link legs together
and form living bridges so that the groups can move forwards without any delay.

In Japanese the word ant is written by linking two character: one meaning “insect”, the other meaning “loyalty”. Indeed, individual ants are completely
loyal to their fellow ants. They display many examples of selless cooperation that, while certainly extreme, cannot fail to win human admiration.

(Adapted from www.nationalgeographic.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

1. How is the information in the last paragraph organized?

a. A statement is followed by examples and explanation.

b. A statement is followed by research indings.
c. A statement is followed by explanation organized from general to specifics.
d. A statement is followed by supporting ideas organized in cause and e ect.

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2. Which of the following statement about soldier ants is NOT true?

a. People can use them to close wounds.

b. They can see nothing a head of them.
c. They have powerful bites.
d. They lay many eggs.

Pembahasan

3. The author’s purpose of writing the text is to ….

a. inform the readers about how army ants set up their life
b. demonstrate the strength of army ants compared to lions, tigers, and bears
c. analyze how soldier ants protect their colonies
d. make the readers aware of the use of army ants

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4. In which paragraphs of the text author mention the sight of army ants?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

Pembahasan

5. The phrase “happen upon” (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to ….

a. meet
b. find
c. avoid
d. need

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6. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that the author tells us to ignore lions, tigers, and bears because ....

a. the text is not about those animals

b. they are much more dangerous than ants
c. army ants, in their own way, can be more fearsome than those animals
d. there are more ants than those animals

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