AORTIC STENOSIS

It is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening.

It restricts the blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta and may also affect
the pressure in the left atrium.

It reducing blood flow to the body and making the heart work harder.

CAUSES

· congenital, bicuspid aortic valve

· Rheumatic fever

· Atherosclerotic

· Degenerative

SYMPTOMS

· Acquired AS- patient becomes symptomatic in the 5th-6th decade

· Angina

· Dyspnea on exertion

· Syncope- exertional

· Dizziness

· Sudden death

SIGNS
· Slow rising and low volume pulse

· BP- low systolic BP due to low fixed cardiac output

· Heaving apex

· carotid thrill
 · The soft second sound in the aortic area

COMPLICATIONS

· LV failure

· LBBB

· Complete heart block

· Arrhythmias and sudden death

INVESTIGATIONS

· ECG

· ECHO

· Chest X-ray

· CT

· MRI

MANAGEMENT

· Scene safety

· Wear PPE

· Secure airway, breathing, circulation.

· give oxygen if hypoxic.

· connect the patient to a cardiac monitor.

· Put large bore IV cannula.

· Take 12 lead ECG.

· ACE inhibitors, which can open blood vessels more fully

· Beta-blockers, which slow heart rate

· Diuretics, which lessen the amount of fluid in the body and ease the stress
on the heart

· The only definitive treatment for aortic stenosis in adults is surgical

interventions

🔼Aortic valve repair

🔼 Aortic valve replacement