SOLUTIONS MANUAL Chapters 7-17 FOUNDATION DESIGN Principles and Practices DONALD P. CODUTOAcquisitions Editor: Laura Fischer Supplement Editor: Erin Katchmar Managing Editor: David A. George Production Editor: James Buckley Supplement Cover Manager: Paul Gourhan Supplement Cover Designer: PM Workshop Inc. Manufacturing Buyer: Tene Kahn PE © 2002 by Prentice Hall [LEW Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 {All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. ‘The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book These efforts include the development, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentation contained in this book. 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Lid, Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, New JerseyChapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Contents B 19 24 39 63 16 90 92‘Codoto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practces!2e Solutions Manual Chapter 2 — Performance Requirements 2.1 A proposed column has the following design loads: ‘Axial load: P= 200k, P, = 170k, P;= 50k, Py = 60k (all compression) Shear load: V0, ¥,~ 0, Ve" 40k, y= 48k ind shear loads for foundation design using ASD. Compute the design» Solution (2.1) Ps Pos 2eok V2 Vp = Ob @2) Pee. =2001N0 =(S7OL\ = Sntrey VeVp«Ve = OF (Zar) Peo.rs (PoP Pa) © &75(252 11704) > 31K rey CVV) = OB(OFETaE) Z]ICE| e- Gnty Baa) Proty (PtP) =< OF (Zoe) = [ase VEO (VOW) SO 7F(6443) = Bee 2:2 Repeat Problem 2.1 using LRFD with the ACI load fects Solution aa) UE baDd rhe Po = WG Qee) 17D) = Shake Varo Ge) Us ade hay Po 04 (200) 1136) > BOK Ve = onto) 7 (3(4a) > 624 U2 04D #14) es) nee yrtg( se) 2k Was O4(0) 41.43 (Gs) = 57k (2.14) ws 018 (h49 W7L wh) Pox 0.18 CHG (re] +477) 41767 = 503K, Vee eae tet haa) = be (2s) WS OWL 4D 70 44E7BY Pes ote Cua(rodti9tre/ #1 £7607 \ = [CLEE\ a Gantry Vero Forotnerlayd = Fri 1 — GnaCoduto— Foundation Design: Principles and Practices’ Solutions Manual 2.3. A cenain foundation will experience a bearing capacity failure when it is subjected to 8 downward lad of 2200 kN. Using ASD with a factor of safety of 3, determine the maximum allowable load that will satisfy geotechnical strength requirements Solution Pal = = = (133 kn 2.4 A stetl pile foundation with a cross-sectional area of 15 in' and F, = $0 Ki’ isto carry axial compressive dead and live loads, of 300 and 200 k, respectively. Using LRFD with the ANSV/ASCE load factors and a resistance factor of (0.25, determine whether this pile satisfies structural sirength requirements for exial compression. Solution Pur bt(Zee) TheCre) = TOF dfn = os (iss) (me) = SE) k Po >¢Pfrn we New A Ceeptable, 25 Asevenstory stelsfame office building will have columns spaced 7 m on center and wll have typical interior and exterior finishes. Compute the allowable total and differential settlements for this building ba = 25mm) nS Oo = Ysve Son = (Yow) C7922) = [14 mem | SolutionCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practies/2e Solutions Manual 26 Solution 27 Solution 28 Solution 29 Solution Solution ‘A tworstory reinforced concrete art museum is tobe built using an unusual architectural design. It will include many tile murals and other sensitive wall finishes. The column spacing will vary between $ end 8 m. Compute the allowable total and differential setlements fr this busing, (ba * Simm) 6. Yoon bos ~ Iam (= Fam) ‘A 40 f= 60 f one-story agricultural storage building will have corrugated ste! siding and no interior finish or interior ‘columns, However, it will hve two roll-up doors. Compute the allowable total and diferential settlement for this building Ose Yes boa 2 Vase) Cn 02) = 210 > we Use extra stifenim Grove Yve\l-up doses {A sandy soil has 003 percent sulfates. Evaluate the potential for sulfate attack of concrete exposed to this soil and recommend preventive design measures, f needed, Pep fable. 2.3 —> No problm with Sulfaer A certain clayey soil contains 0.30 percent sulfates. Would you anticipate a problem with concrete foundations inthis soil? Are any preventive measures necessary? Explain, Per table 23 —F Severe, Problem wath Sulfajes Ve Tye Comacr Werako < O45 [A series of SO- ng te! piles ae tobe driven into a natural sandy soil. The groundwater tble is ata depth of 38 F ‘below the ground surface. Would you anticipate a problem with corrosion? What additional data could you gather to ‘make a more informed decision? Proobbly nor o problem. Be sue Selb miler WU rior greseur,Codsto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual 2.11 A one-story’stee! warehouse building ist be bul of structural stel. The roofs to be supported by ste! trusses that will span the entire 70 fe width ofthe building and supported on columns adjacent to the exterior walls. These trusses will be placed 24 fe on center. No interior columns will be present. The walls will be made of corrugated stel, There will not be any roll-up doors. Compute the allowable total and differential seitlements. Solution = aa Zin Oa = Vaso fom <( Yor) (44) 1) ye 2.12 The grandstands for a minor league baseball stadium are to be built of structural stel, The structural engineer plans to se a very wide column spacing (25 m) to provide the best spectator visibility. Compute the allowable total and ciferential settlements Solution Cox hee fon (ap o2romblor mn > vel Somn) 2.13 The owner ofa 100-story building purchased a plumb bob with very long string. He selected a day with no wind, and then gently lowered the plumb bob from his penthouse office window. When it reached the sidewalk, it was 1.0m from the side ofthe building. Is this building tilting excessively? Explain. Solution Fsrimesed hey ks = (lO9)(3) & Boom Ta Tle = | e5 S Voss 1 NF Ale pale 2.14 Acoworstory department store identical tothe one in Figure 2,12 tobe built. This structure wil have reinforced ‘masonry exterior walls. The ground floor will be slabon-grade. The reinforced concrete upper floor and roof will be supported on astel-frame with colurmns $0 ft on-center. Compute the allowable total and differential settlements for this structure Solution Qe Cue Voor Say = pool sean ={hs \‘Codato — Foundation Design: Principles and Practces/2e Solutions Manval Mechanics Chapter 3 — Soi J. Explain the difference between moisture content and degree of saturation, Solution Moisture content is the ratio ofthe mass of water to the mass of solid, while degree of saturation isthe percentage of the volume of voids filled with water. Both parameters are zero when the sol is completely dry, and increase when the amount of water increases. However, the degree of saturation has a maximum possible value of 100%, whereas the ‘moisture content can exceed 100%. 3.2 A certain saturated sand (S= 100%) has a moisture content of 25.1% and a specific gravity of solids of 2.68. It also ‘of 0.84 and a minimum index void ratio of 0.33. Compute it relative density and has a maximum index void classify its consistency Solution us Gs (o.un) (2-68) e- > oun) (28) = 0.673 Crien-€ 6.84) = 0.013 < yy 2 CSRS niu, =| 3322) os Erg bovee BSP esq onss * I \ the Jeu us Lose \ 33° Considera si that is being placed asa ill and compacted using a shepsfoot role (a pice of constuction equipment) Will the ation of the roller change the void ratio of the soil? Explain, Solution “The volume of the solids remains constant, but compaction reduces the foal volume and thus reduces the volume of the voids. This results i a lower void ratio,‘Coduio ~ Foundation Design: Principles and Pratices/2e Solutions Manual 34 A saimple soil has 8 volume of 0.45 ft and a weight of 53.3 Ib. After being dried in an oven, it has a weight of 45 Tb. Ithas a specific gravity of solids of 2.70, Compute its moisture content and degree of saturation sefore it was placed inthe oven. Solution 18.2% O45 4. _ug4 + UBS - 100.2 Bi? Tew 7 Troe 7 10020 we ) = me s( 4-2) 3S A siteis underlain by a soil that has a unit weight of 18.7 Nim above the groundwater table and 199 kN/mn' below. The groundwater table is located at a depth of 3.5 m below the ground surface. Compute the total vical stress, pore water pressure, and effective vertical stress atthe following depths below the ground surface: 3.2m bom ©60m Sottion doe SE a oy ) Gry GR Corey ar gud ° qua b 4o 54 44 Tos © be Ns. 24e 407Coduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices2e Solutions Manual 3.6 The subsurface profile at a certain site is shown in Figure 3.5. Compute u,0,,0,,0,', and 0,’ at Point A Solution us Gracy [exe wie | Se~ CrmdCie) FCNCID 7 CedG) >| 3441 Mme Or! = 3441-686 = B25 He] ox'= 3lss Co.70) = [eng Bim On 2278 + ee > [24s wie] AA 2.m thick fil i to be placed on the soil shown in Figure 3.14. Once itis compacted, this fill will have a unit weight ar r18' tN Compete ume eonselcton element Solution Cae! © Savuple % (MEN 12) TIC 7) 4 CES — C4 ENS) 279 ER Oo! = Sbo pa Cn! = 360+ 7G = 456k Dor (14s )r) > 34 km Layer tox Gel eh Oe 7 er Rey BP wy hm) it) ny Ie Se He 4 a A Wea Rep we og 3 a 4 Be uy B33, oes or 41 6 2 . C e 44 we bY oe gee { zo G4 44 32 8 (1S sy oeCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices2e Solutions Manual 3.8 Estimate the effective friction angle ofthe following soils 2 Silty sand with a dry unit weight of 110 to 'b, Pooriy-graded gravel with a relative density of 70%, «. Very dense well-graded sand. Ving fa uP AK ne 36° ba p x3) Cem let 3.9 Explain the difference berween the drained condition and the undrained condition. Solution If the rate of loading is slow enough that pore water can freely move into or out of the void, then litle or no excess pore water pressures develop, This is know asthe drained condition. The opposite extreme occurs when the rate of loading is 80 fast that, atleast fora shor time, litle or no water moves in or out ofthe voids. This situation produces excess pore water pressures and is known asthe undrained condition. The characterization of loading a being “Yast” or “slow” depends on the hydraulic conductivity, the distance to the nearest drainage boundary, and othe factors. Soils also can be in an intermediate partially rained state. 310 A soilhasc’ = § kPa and ’ = 52°, The effective stress at a point in the sol is 125 kPa. Compute the shear strength at this point Solution sec to! tong S Stl tase 1 Which laboratory tests would be appropriate fr finding s, ofa clay? Solution Unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test Uncoafined compression tes 3.12 Which laboratory tests would be appropriate for Finding & ofa sand? Solution CConsolidated-drained triaxial test, Direct shear testCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices e Solutions Manval 3.13 The following data were obtained from direct shear tests on a series of 60-mm diameter samples of a ceraain soil ‘Test Effective Stress Shear Strength No. __at Failure (kPa) (kPa) 1 750 $12 2 1500 82.7 3 225.0 10.1 Find the values of cand’. Solution ‘Shear Strength (kPa) 6 8 ° 50 100150200 250300 Effective Stress (kPa)CCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices2¢ Solutions Manual 314 The soil profile ata certain sites as follows Depth Y @ os @ coo) ct) dee)’ oR ny 1000 12-20 126 2000 20:32 9 o 2 ‘The groundwater table is at a depth of 15 f Develop plots of pore water pressure, coal stress, effective stress, and shear strength vs. depth. All four ofthese plots should be superimposed on the same diagram with the parameters on the horizontal ais (iereasing tothe right) and depth on the vertical axis (increasing downward), Hint: Because the cohesion and friction angle suddenly change atthe strata boundaries, the shear strength also may change suddenly at these depths Solution Dep ji “es cw) win) a) cat) co 0 ° ° ° tooo «1000 1s ak 0000 Rae 8 ae m2 15 18061808 200s 2 mse Seam 2 sea 21 0 2 om 32398 ost 2923s ° 0 1000 dabyft?) 2000 3000 4000 st‘Couto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practces’2e Solutions Manual ALIS Repeat Problem 3.14 using the following dat: Depth Y @ es, (7)___tkNim’) kPa) eg) 0) 05 185 300 sn 200 84 12.20 205 oo 38 The groundwater tble is ata depth of 7m, Solution Peat oa ge co of) aby ep are o ° os «0 «300 5 ms as 0 0 500 sms ns a9 7 ms 0 mse 83 Roms so ms bt 2 mes 80S ats 20 sess 2691S ° 100 200 (KPa) 300 400 95Coduto — Fourdation Design: Principles and Practices!2e Solutions Manual 316 A. tik il tobe placed onthe oil shown in Figure 3.2. Once itis compacted thsi wil ve a nit weight OF 2 Ti. Compa te ultimate setement cused by consolation of he underying say. Solution Asr> G@)Cr) + 1098 Wee Upper Snap Son!» GIK 7) 4C154X2) 46411) - Ceres) > [E46 “Mer Cte 11 MR Gi = Wise teae > 184 Yer Low m1 om gate GNC) + CitaXee) #01113) Gr) (30) * BEI4 igs Get br0> Wer Gy O200— $214 = 72161 lee . ce & ) lowe gy WM se cw Ee Sa Sat TP die ta tee Gt ar ye it lens 17 OM OH ee 2B 14 143v WFb Zop0 0.0 OP Ee 8 TEA WIAA GBlaT —— OE BH SIP 344 Gedo YIRT ons ONOCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual Chapter 4 — ite Exploration and Characterization 4.1 Describe a scenaro that would require a very extensive site investigation and laboratory testing program (ie. one in Which a large number of borings and many laboratory and/or in-sit tests would be necessary), Solution Possible scenario: Important structure with heavy loads that isto be supported on poor and erratic soils, such as a 20- story luxury hotel te built on @ wetlands covered with miscellaneous uncompacted fill. 4.2 How would you go about determining the location ofthe groundwater table in the design soil profile. Recall that this is not necessarily the same as the groundwater table that was present when the borings were made. Solution . ‘The groundwater table elevation atthe time of dling can be determined by installing an observation well in the boring and monitoring it. However, this is nt necessarily the elevation to use for design, since the groundwater may ‘Aucwate from season-toseason and year-to-year. Therefore it's necessary to estimate the worst-case (i, highest) level likely to occur during the life ofthe structure. This can be done by examining local well records, checking local groundwater surveys, or by engineering judgement 43. A five-story office building isto be built onsite underlain by moderately uniform soils, Bedrock is at a depth of over 200 m, This building wll be 50 m wide and 85 m long, andthe foundations wil be founded at a depth of | m below the ground surface. Determine the required number and depth of the exploratory borings. Solution (ais) = Yt mt Guse 2)1u bons Many posibe ES Onynieg 4 RQ ML 4{veltenCoduto— Foundation Design: Principles and Practices2e Solutions Manual 44 A two-story reinforced concrete building is to be built on a vacant parcel of land. This building will be 100 ft wide ‘and 200 f long. Based on information ftom other borings on adjacent properties, you are reasonably certain that the Soils below a depth of Sto 8 fect (5 to 2.5m) are strong and relatively incompressible. However, the upper soils are {questionable because several uncompacted fills have been found in the neighborhood, Not only are these uncompactee fills lose, they have often contained various debris such as wood, rocks, and miscellaneous trash. However, none of ‘these deleterious materials is present atthe ground surface at this site Plan a site investigation program for this project and present your plan in the form of writen instructions to your Field crew. This plan should include specific instractions regarding what todo. where to doit, and any special instructions. You should presume that the field crew is experienced in soil investigation work, but is completely ‘unfamiliar with this site Solution Instructions to fied crew: Please conduct the following subsurface exploration program at the site of the proposed Acine Office Building © Dig three backhoe pits atthe locations shown on the enclosed sketch, We expect to find some uncompacted fill inthe upper 5 0 8 f, which may include debris such as wood, rocks, or trash. The natural soils below this depth are probably dense silty sands, When ‘mapping these backhoe pits, try to determine the locations, depths, and quality of any fills and obtain two oF thre bulk samples from each pit ‘© Drill five borings a the locations shown onthe enclosed sketch, rill the four outer borings to a depth of about 30 feet, and the middle boring to about 40 f. Obtain drive samples in the fill, and conduct SPT at about 3f intervals in the natural soils, Aso ‘obiain bulk samples ofeach strata, We don’t expect to encounter the groundwater table © Proposed ® Building @ 4‘Coduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual 45 Solution 46 Solution Discuss the advantages ofthe cone penetration test over the standard penetration test. '© The test provedure is more repeatable and less subject to operator technique (© The test has much better resolution since it produces continuous pot ofthe test results vs depth, whle the ‘SPT produces only one N value every couple of feet (© The superior data from the CPT allows the engineer to conduct more precise analyses 'A standard penetration est was performed ina 1S0-mm diameter boring at depth of 9.5 m below the ground surface. ‘The driller used a UK-style automatic tip hammer and a standard SPT sampler. Th Slow count, N, was 19. ‘The soil is a normally consolidated fine sand with @ unit weight of 18.0 KNim' and Dy-0.4 mm. The groundwater table is ata depth of 15 m. Compute the following. Ne BM dD, <. Consistency (based on Table 3.3) eo Nee (0:93) (loss) (loos) (0.65) (14) . T=) Obe Se! > qsdCis}~ 171 tp Mee ol > fH) Cpe betty beg 0.4 = Sout Cam | t4O0e tm (12, = pe Cop | a oe | Sarma MO + {es \ [Mein One|CCoxiuto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices2e Solutions Manual 47 Using the cone penetration test data in Figure 414, unit weight of 115 Ib, and an overconsoldation ratio of 3, compute the following forthe soil ween depts of 21 and 23 f. Uses groundwater depth of 15 ft below the ground surface 4, Soll classification ». D, (assume the soil hs some fines, but no mica) «, Consistency (based on Table 3.3) ad) Ny (use an estimated Dy oF 060 mm) Solution Hes betes THe Reale 6 Onin « [Saree b. Si = WiC) - 0140) 220493 Wig Or = \ borers Br (yeyre (Ges Kloot > © rete bine y a (3e-G5 Cras ) e > 4.8 Classify the sol stratum between depth of 6 and 80 ft in Figure 4.14. What is the significance ofthe spike in the plots ata depth of 77 “Most ofthe soil between 66 and 80 ft has the following characteristics: 9,= 17 tsf= IT kgm’, 4.15, this soli a clayey silt or silty clay 26%. Per Figure ‘According to Figure 4.15, the spikes berween 76 and 78 ft indicate a sand seam.Coduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices!2e Solutions Manual 49 The following standard penetration tets results were obtained ina uniform sity sand Depth (mp Na t 12 2 3 3 18 5 1s “The groundwater tele is ata depth oF 2.5 m. Assume a reasonable value For y.then determine foreach test, Finally, determine a single design Q" value fr this stratum, Sottion Use Vs 18 Mle a bos, groendualew Zo kms Below 4 rovod wile Depth Neo Og (Sn \ 12 8 He 2 13 “36 4 3 18 sb 4 o Ww WI 4oCCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Pratices/2e Solutions Manual 4.10 series of vane shear tests have been performed on a soft clay stratum. The results ofthese tests are a follows Depth Nm) 50 90 ss 107 18 no 90 lar The vane was 60 mm in diameter and 120 mm long. The soil has aliquid limit of 100 anda plastic limit of 3, ‘Compute the undrained shear strength fr each test, then develop a plot of undrained shear strength vs. depth. This Plot should have depth on the vertical axis, with ero atthe top ofthe plot Solution Tes lvo-te-70 —2 D207 Depth Su (eA) So b.° ss 4s 2s 19.6 qe Ido oe UePa) ° sob oy‘Codsto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices’ Solutions Manus Chapter 5 — Shallow Foundations ‘5.1 Whats the difference between a square footing and continuous footing, and when would each type be used” Solution ‘A square Footing is one that is square in plan view. They are typically used to support a single column or bent. A ‘continuous footing i along strip (in plan view) and is most often used to support bearing wall 52 A400 kN vertical downward column load acts atthe centroid ofa I.S-m square footing. The bottom ofthis footing is (0.4m below the ground surface andthe top is ush with the ground surface. The groundwater table is ata depth of 3 1m below the ground surface. Compute the bearing pressure. Solution Wee Cus)” (0.4) (28.6) = 21 kel Chys 53. A bearing wall cartes a dead load of 5.0 W/ft and alive load of 3.0 k/Rt It is supported on a3 ft wide, 2 deep continuous footing. The top of this foting is fush withthe ground surface and the groundwater table is ta depth of 35 ft below the ground surface. Compute the bearing pressure. Solution Wey = (3)a)lire) = 900 Wer qe Bert. \2aer aCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices2e Solutions Manual “The mat foundation in Figure $.19 is 45 m wide and 90 m long. It has a weight of 140 MN. The sum ofthe applied structural loads is 1300 MN. Compute the average bearing pressure with the groundwater table at position A. Then ‘epeat the computation withthe groundwater table at postion B. Explain why these two values of @ are different Solution 1, 209m + 14900 A i ae /)\ Tat Y Ce) ° 3se kPa B 1, Bee 029 oti ine (a2)(xs) =| 273 kre The bearing pressure is lower when the groundwater table is at B because the hydrostatic uplift pressures support a 54 portion of the structural load {A Sft square, 2-f deep spread footing is subjected to a concentric vertical load of 60 k and an overturning moment of 30 fick, The overturning moment acts paraliel ro one ofthe sides ofthe footing, and the top ofthe Footing is ush with the ground surface and the groundwater table is ata depth of 20 below the ground surface. Determine whether the resultant Force acts within dhe middle third ofthe footing, compute the minimum and maximum bearing pressures and show the distribution of bearing pressure in a sketch ch 2 (xr) Gp) Tee Besse 2 O4GG be bo,005 t 1509 ig ~ Yb sO. 9334 [em =) dons = (Pe ~~ x. econo) 2) _ (ae win) 44) > (eesti 4) ) = \4i3g Mae | 55 ymax = (exes 20CCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual S46 Consider the Footing and loads in Problem 5.5, except that the overtuming moment now acts at a 45° angle from the side ofthe footing (ie, it acts diagonally acrss the top ofthe Footing). Determine whether the resultant force acs within the ker. I rn comput the bearing prestureat each corner ofthe footing and show the pressure istnbution in lar to Figure 5.17. etch Beaco Souter Mum 2 ear O a Bee soe 2itas bro 60,090 7] 500 609%) _ eos) . 314) 2 e754 € ve dns Ferns 1 ORY Ish <1 : 370 Mins eo : d= (Mesrte 5) (( 2 GaP a 030) « ise tree 5 cs Iseo Wig 2630 Wing 57 The wo columns in Figure 5.20 are to be supported on combined footing. The vertical dead loads on Columns A and B are 500 and 1400 kN, respectively. Determine the required dimension B50 the resultant ofthe column loads acts through the centroid ofthe footing and express your answer as a multiple of 100 mm. Solution Contvoud of Load Zo, S00 (Bs) T14e0l5.) ¥ 22.7 mm From Lete Elge Vise Gpivaa ob Prey, y< Oyts) (Qa4 (Bt) (4.5) 8) (eB ) C40 1Siq TIO By ~teer B37 tts Be Wert of foohry alread, ach thro Centeoiy ISS BL — S06 Lae BT TIA Be 41d 4 Ol2 Ba = let By - Ba = Ldtm aCCoduto — Foundation Design Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual 5.8 In addition tothe dea loads described in Problem 5.7, Columns A and B in Figure 5.20 also can cary vertical live loads of up 0 800 and 1200 k, respectively. The live loads vary with time, and thus may be presert some days and sent other days. In addition, the live load on each column is independent of that on the other column (i.e, one could be carrying the full ive load while the other has zero live load) Using the dimensions obtained in Problem 5.7, and the worst possible combination of live loads, determine ifthe bearing pressure distribution always meets the eccentricity requirements described inthis chapter. The groundwater table is at a depth of 10m. Solution Pe Po x eu e Seo ten 2 ° ° Seo then HOD OB! 0.24 \30o (ton AG om O91 4 Werte Core, \300 Uere tre Du ot wee (HE* )Csr) (eae) = 221 kw ey = WS = oy 6 # ES YG In al] Cending Casey Design u oe 4 €ceenn 2Coduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual 5.9 Beginning with (P+ W:V/A = Me/l, derive Equations §.7 and $.8, Would these equations also apply to circular shallow Foundations? Why or why not? Solution Paw Me ViWse oe eo |r DeWe € Cerne) ©) ew Bh, Pte Phe eer 5) CF Pre be = eee G lt (fee wy) (2 ) 23Coduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices/2e Solutions Manual Chapter 6 — Shallow Foundations — Bearing Capacity Note: Unless otherwise stated, all foundations have lve bases, ae located a sites with level ground surfaces, support vertical loads, ang are oriented so the top ofthe Foundation i ash with the ground surface. 6.1 Liste three types of baring caacity eilures and expan the diferences between them Solution [A general shear failure has a wellsdefined shear surface below the footing, with relatively litle volure change in the sil. A well-defined bulge occurs inthe surrounding soll ‘A punching shear Failure has localized shearing immediately below the footing, but involves much more compression fof the soil, Because ofthis compression, there is litle or no bulge in the sol A local shear failure is an intermediate case tis between «general shear failure and a punching shar Failure 62 A.1.2:m square, 0.4-m deep spread footing is underlain by a soil wth the following properties: 7 = 19.2 kNim’,c’ = 5 kPa, b= 30°, The groundwater table is ata great depth Compute theultimate bearing capacity using Terzaghi’s method. Compute theultimate bearing capacity using Vesie's method Solution 4. Teraashi Neoware mgedvs Nya2o1 Sup’ = Cra2)lou)2¥ Four = WBC) £08) (15) 4 0.668.292) (90.0) [607 A b. Neste New Bod sng 7 1B Neetng See 1H CEL) ie le= M4 r2 032 A~ [4] meso = h3e dew [40-4 003)) <4, See [#04 1) r0.b dg Lee 200.35) ra sbi Sirs oF ofa aye fur C220) (me)UI3) + (8918.4) (Last) 4 05182109 AW (04) 0) = (68 beCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Praties/2e Solutions Manual 63 AS fiwide,8 A long, 2 fl deep spread footing is underlain by a soil with the following properties: Y = 120 Ib’ 100 16, "= 28°, The groundwater table is at a great depth. Using Vesie's method, compute the column load fequired to cause a bearing capacity Failure. Solution Sep Uw zI49 Nee 25.8 NGzIhD Nezt6.7 set MEG e136 8 14G) tereeisr Ses pg CYelea1y ka y= 0G dee (rule) tae Aas [1 OG) tte Cibin try © aye dre! Gar = (ive) Or2) (nse) 7 OY Cay Cand (1) tau Oey Con F 13 083 Wie Wee (9X lie) = 14, v0 Oe ots = Pelee =F sue 64 column carrying a vertical downward dead load and live load of 150 k and 120k, respectively, i to be supported on & 5-1 deep square spread footing, The soil beneath this footing isan undrained clay with s,= 3000 Ib and y= 117 Ivf ‘The groundwater table is below the bottom of the footing, Compute the width 8 required to obtain a factor of saery of 5 against bearing capacity failure Solution Nez S12. Ng eh Geg’= WW) (2) = 351 Gurr = 3 Geer) Orn) + Grito = 2% se7 I$P,099-4 [Pe 0+ 4 $.Br(1ye) a 7 279,999 4 zUtFl coo Age errr uss 2 \pe bre 2sCoduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices 2e Solutions Manval 65 A 120-R diameter cylindrical tank with an empty weight of 1,600,000 Ib (including the weight ofthe eylindrical mat foundation) is to be built. The bottom ofthe mat will be ata depth of 2 ft below the ground surface. This tank is to be filled with water. The underlying sol isan undrained clay with s,~ 1000 Ib/t and y = 118 Tb’, and the groundwater tables ata depth of $f. Using Terzaghi's equations, compute the maximum allowable depth ofthe water inthe tank that will maintain a factor of safety of 3.0 against a bearing capacity failure. Assume the weight ofthe water and tank is spread Uniformly across the bottom of the tank. Solution 1, 40,00 . . Gone > ager Te LOE I Geo! = (DC) = 236 ie Nee SA Nye les Gur = HAL cry)C 5.9) 1168 bs) te = TITS tee quer BE neva wae Gnigey = ZSLE —NB EEE Dept of Gales = Be ~[ee| 66 AL Sanwide, 25 The groundwat of safety of 25 ‘Sem deep spread footing is underlain by a soil with c’ = 10 kPa, lis ata great depth. Compute the maximum load this footing can support while insta bearing capacity failure, Solution Vesd Ncw BS NGe IE Nye 80d Ces (ited Cos) * 4-4 by sent CZ BH a130 yet E mages bs7 Se r04(Z!)-0.76 kat 2033 ac zypoulodueriZ a> (72 (s.33)tee3e Cctiarytehosy dre bees Four = CleVO>5S) Ch as)C1rg) 4 C44 Y CNC 6g) 105°C HIE (224) (ory = 1207 Nef he MS 2 ase WEES THN (Os OnE) = 44 pay Obs) 6Couto — Foundation Design: Principles and Pratices2e Solutions Manval 6.7 Avbesring wall caries a dead load of 120 kN/i and alive load of 100 kN. It is to be supported on ¢ 400-mm deep contiuous footing. The underlying soils are medium sands with’ = 0, @"=37°, y=19.2kNim'. Thegroundwater table is at great depth. Compute the minimum Footing width required to maintain a factor of safety of at least 2 against & bearing capacity failure. Express your answer tothe nearest 100 mm. Solution Nexo! Nq~say Nerees Go's Ly) (oe & Jura © 104) (53.8) 4 O.sC142) (S)CSI = GPTOTB qa= EE cay 3276 awesng 2 METAS | 6.8 After the footing in Problem 6.7 was built, the groundwater table rose to depth of 0.5 m below the ground surface. Compute the new factor of safety against a bearing capacity failure. Compare it with the original design value of 2 and explain why itis diferent Somton GS Due Deh “Cae ye lan 46 (1- (222%) = Iho Gee = Ot CD Lo3.a) 40. Cis) (0.6) (68) = Ory bie gu teeABsEle oo > or F Eon 890 ER a \ Lower becavie hihar qieunduoks Mb SHeorh OF ei) 69 A S.fwide, ton. 3 deep footing supports downward lod of 200k anda horizontal shear oadaf25k. The shear toad ats paall othe Bt dimension. The unerving soils havee,~ 300 vt, = 28" Y= 123 vf Using atl sires nays, compute the fctr of fey against a bearing expat falure Soin New 22 Nee tar nly e167 Sepl= (U1) 2 Bo4 Wigs Falvee Ip B Duechss ser In (Z)(BP,) = 136 da 2 |r U 008) thea CleSiweay *=L/P aye ACES) bere = 138 ne raed joy UR) Cry bee Bye Oee dew item HEH 27CCoduto— Foundation Design: Principles and Pracives 2 Solutions Manual 69 continued fore = (sre) (sa) CheselCerad 1 O44) 142) C1.36) aad TOF (IBC) Cer) (099) G2 = 34 11g Ole We = Cr)C8) IGP = 18,032 Uo Zee 99-4 Ha = - > Si Wier as mesa g 5s Hq we (a) —a Gnmous aa (aL dieeckin ae (ar) Geoy . 11C%y) (2, ) JeL4) ae* [ee 20.933 — Cy) mw ie < hes 5 = Ion (ty) = 236 Aye [j- Be L3e 2 UAH ge 2e08 Fae = ORe (a7 mee Age Leos 28 1 Feces Tiss | = 0.76? Re Gore = Cove) Coxigy Cay) Chas) (0.83) +H 3ba)CI4r)CberrCui2) (oPred =r (os) C1860) (16-9) (0.364 CU (0.768) = 45,437 re 4.482 6 ls)‘Covduto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practice/2e Solutions Manual 6.10 A spread footing supported on a sandy soll has been designed to support a certain column load with a factor of safety 2 Sagainst bearing capacity failure. However, thereis some uncertainty in both the column load, P. and the tition angle. 4 Which wouldhavethe greatest impact on the actual factor of safety: An actual Pthatistwice the design value, or actual ‘$ thats half the design value? Use bearing capacity computations with reasonable assumed values o demonstrate the reason for your response. Solution I the actual P is vice the design value, then the factor of safety will be approximately half ofthe expected value. This is because the beating pressure is approximately proportional othe column load However, ifthe actual fiction angle is half he design value, then the ukimate bearing capacity willbe less than halt the expected value, Thisis because the bearing capacity factors are not proportional tothe friction angle(see Table 6.1). For ‘example, ifthe tition angle was thought to be 30 degrees, but is actually 1S degrees, Ne drops from 37.20 12.9, Nq ‘raps from 22.$ 104.4, and N, drops from 20.1 10 2.2. Thus the new ultimate bearing capacity would be much less than half the expected value ‘Therefore, bearing capacity analyses are very sensitive tothe proper selection ofa friction angleCodto — Foundation Design: Principles and Practices 2e Solutions Manual 6.11 Acenain column carries a vertical downward load of 1200 KN. Itisto be supported ona I m deep, square footing. The soil beneath this Footing has the following properties: y = 20.5 kNim'c’ = 5 kPa, g' =36°. The groundwater table is at '8 depth of 1.5 m below the ground surface. Using the BEARING XLS spreadsheet, compute the foting width required for f factor of safety of 3.8. Solution OeO Bas rmAOlo Li» Ff a8 eT ST ® 1. BEARING CAPACITY OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS 2. Terzaghl and Vesic Methods 3 3 5 mp us ‘ siswe Beem cence 10. qut= 1,830 Pe 2476 Pe oy $0 50..¢0 oe i A raed 7 TY ‘ sateen i er Stee 5 Bs aie 3 ommas 258 oes 28. Copyngr 2000 by Donald Codto Lean Smee me £m 7 I Ready