ABSTRACT

Electrolyte imbalance disorders are very common in critical care patients in the
Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Disorders of electrolyte imbalance can be caused by
disturbances in absorption, distribution, and excretion resulting from various causes.
Electrolytes are involved in many things related to metabolic and homeostatic functions,
including enzymatic and biochemical reactions, maintenance of structure and function of
cell memberane, neurotransmission function, hormone function, muscle contraction,
cardiovascular function, bone and fluid composition and acid-base regulation.
Electrolyte disorders can vary from mild, moderate, and severe degrees that can cause
symptoms and can even cause death if not treated properly. Appropriate treatment based
on the cause and pathophysiology is very important in treating electrolyte imbalance
disorders in the ICU.

Keyword: Electrolyte, Intensive Care Unit

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 ABSTRAK

Gangguan keseimbangan elektrolit sangat sering terjadi pada pasien dengan perawatan
kritis di Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Gangguan keseimbangan elektrolit dapat diakibatkan
oleh gangguan absopsi, distribusi, ekskresi yang diakibatkan oleh berbgai penyebab.
Elektrolit terlibat dalam banyak hal terkait fungsi metabolik dan homeostatis, termasuk
reaksi enzimatis dan biokimia, pemeliharaan struktur dan fungsi membran sel, fungsi
neurotransmisi, fungsi hormon, kontraksi otot, fungsi kardiovaskular, komposisi tulang
dan cairan serta regulasi asam basa. Gangguan elektrolit dapat bervariasi dari derajat
ringan, sedang, dan berat yang dapat menimbulkan gejala bahkan dapat menyebabkan
kematian bila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Penanganan yang tepat berdasarkan penyebab
dan patofisiologi sangat penting dalam melakukan terapi gangguan keseimbangan
elektrolit di ICU.

Kata Kunci : Elektrolit, Intensive Care Unit

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