Dynamic Power Management

in the Data Center

IBM Power and Cooling Symposium
Raleigh, NC
04 October 2007
Bharat S. Shah
Emerson Network Power
Bharat.Shah@EmersonNetworkPower.com
Agenda
z Power Management Challenges
z IT Equipment Power Reduction Schemes
z Facility Infrastructure Power Improvements
z Dynamic Power Management System
z Summary

04 Oct 2007 Slide 2

Power Management Challenges
z Over the next five years, power
failures and limits on power
availability will halt data center
operations at more than 90% of
all companies (AFCOM (DCI))
z By 2008, 50% of data centers
will have insufficient power and
cooling capacity to meet the
demands of higher density
equipment (Gartner)
z Power and cooling spending will
exceed server spending within 2
years (IDC, Gartner)
z Power associated with servers,
storage and network equipment
will increase from 1.5% of total Source: EPA, Andrew Fanara

US energy consumption to 2.5%

by 2011 (EPA)

04 Oct 2007 Slide 3

Current Data Center Power Consumption

Cooling
25%
Servers
Air 42%
Movement
12%
Other IT
Electricity Equipment
Transformer Lighting, 8%
UPS etc.
10% 3%

Source: EYP Mission Critical Facilities Inc., Emerson estimate

Source: Green Grid

Feb 2007

04 Oct 2007 Slide 4

 Current Data Center Power Management
NoSystem
No SystemLinkage
Linkage
-WorkflowProcesses
-Workflow ProcessesatatBest
Best
-TypicallyE-Mail/Phone
-Typically E-Mail/PhoneCommunication
Communication
-ReactiveMode
-Reactive Modeat atWorst
Worst

IT Facility
Management Management
System System

Servers Routers 3rdParty UPS Cooling 3rd Party

Storage Switches ATS GenSets

04 Oct 2007 Slide 5

Agenda
z Power Management Challenges
z IT Equipment Power Reduction Schemes
– Server Hardware
– Virtualization Software
– Dynamic Efficiency Control

04 Oct 2007 Slide 6

Server Hardware Architecture Example
Dynamically
optimize
IBC
AC-DC / PFC
efficiency
Power Supply
POL Reg
DC-DC/VRM

6-12 Processor,
48 12 POL Reg
DC-DC/VRM
memory
Vdc Vdc POL Reg
DC-DC/VRM
and I/O
loading
POL Reg
DC-DC/VRM

Dynamically
optimize IBV

04 Oct 2007 Slide 7

 Virtualization Software

Source: NewsCorp
IDC Virtualization Forum, Feb 2006
04 Oct 2007 Slide 8
 Dynamic Efficiency Control
Digital Power Supplies
z Dynamic efficiency enhancement based on load
fluctuation thru virtualization (via digital power supplies)
High Line (230V) Efficiency

95
93
91
89
Efficiency

87
Today
85
Optimized
83
81
79
77
75
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percent Load

Efficiency Curve Shaping: This is an optimized 760W 1+1 power supply for
a data center application. It is optimized for efficiency at 20% to 50% load –
the range in which it will operate for 98% of its service life.
Source: Emerson Internal

04 Oct 2007 Slide 9

 Dynamic Efficiency Control
PMBus
PMBus™™ Communication

Data Center Applications

System Applications

AC/DC PSU WSMAN Motherboard

PMBusTM Management
Components
Controller(s)
AC/DC PSU

z PMBus™ compliant power supplies provide in-band /

out-of-band access to sensors, reporting power
consumption data via SMBus
z GUI displays system power consumption reported by
Digital Power Supply

Source: Intel
Intel Developers Forum, Apr 2007
04 Oct 2007 Slide 10
Agenda
z Power Management Challenges
z IT Equipment Power Reduction Schemes
z Facility Infrastructure Power Improvements
– Digitally-Controlled Compressors
– Scalable UPS Systems
– Plug-and-Play Cooling Capacity

04 Oct 2007 Slide 11

Digitally-Controlled Compressors
Digitally-Controlled
Average Compressor Cycles per Year
Annual Compressor Cycles
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0

Two compressor

Two compressor
Two compressor

Single compressor
Single compressor

with unloading

fully variable
Dual circuit

Dual circuit

Dual circuit
fully variable
Single circuit

Single circuit

(Digital)
(Digital)
(SH)
System Type

Continuously variable capacity compressors

dramatically reduce the frequency of start/stop cycles –
saving energy and significantly increasing MTBF.
04 Oct 2007 Slide 12
Scalable UPS Systems

z Capacity added via software key

(enables additional capacity
without hardware addition/change)
z Examples:
– Soft-Scale (fine adjustment)
• 40kVA → 60kVA → 80kVA
• 80kVA → 100kVA → 120kVA
• 120kVA → 160kVA → 200kVA

80 kVA – 100 kVA – 120 kVA

Scalable systems enable pay-as-you-go capacity

without over-engineering for maximum capacity –
saving equipment capex and energy opex.
04 Oct 2007 Slide 13
Plug -and-Play Cooling Capacity
Plug-and-Play
Pre-installed Piping Quick-Connect

Supplemental
Cooling

Supplemental cooling can be added to hot-spots

saving energy and minimizing labor costs.

04 Oct 2007 Slide 14

Agenda
z Power Management Challenges
z IT Equipment Power Reduction Schemes
z Facility Infrastructure Power Improvements
z Dynamic Power Management System

04 Oct 2007 Slide 15

 Dynamic Power Management System
Bridging/Optimizing IT and Facility Systems

PowerManagement
Power ManagementSystem
System
-Centralizedor
-Centralized orDistributed
DistributedIntelligence
Intelligence
-OptimizationPolicies
-Optimization Policies/ /Business
BusinessRule
RuleEngine
Engine
-Manualor
-Manual orAuto-Pilot
Auto-PilotOperation
Operation

Open Bus Open Bus

IT Facility
Management Management
System System
Proprietary
or
Open Open
Open

Servers Routers 3rdParty UPS Cooling 3rd Party

Storage Switches ATS GenSets

04 Oct 2007 Slide 16

Dynamic Power Management System
z Reduce Energy Costs
– Equipment power control (on/off/standby) and
equipment provisioning in response to dynamic
computing demand
z Reduce Cooling Needs
– Balanced cooling based on dynamic IT workload
conditions
z Improve Capacity Planning
– Scenario planning of power/cooling infrastructure
changes in response to computing load changes

04 Oct 2007 Slide 17

Dynamic Power Management Systems
Reduce Energy Costs

z Optimize energy
ATS/
Gen S
ets consumption across
System the entire data center
S S ystems Integration in response to IT
U P
workload variations
g S ystems z Capture additional
Coolin
savings based on
rs / utility availability or
Serve upplies
l Po wer S rate structure
D igit a

Optimize power consumption

from CHIP to GRID.

04 Oct 2007 Slide 18

Dynamic Power Management Systems
Reduce Cooling Needs

z Set rules to adapt cooling to the load

– Manage compressor load across units
– Manage humidification & dehumidification
– Cycle units, rotate standby units

Further reduce energy costs and

extend life of cooling equipment.

04 Oct 2007 Slide 19

Dynamic Power Management Systems
Improve Capacity Planning

z Match power / cooling

capacity with computing
resource consumption
– Determine if additional
computing resources can
be added within a specific
power and cooling budget
in the same physical space
– Or if new space is required
to house these additional
computing resources

Avoid reactive crises through proactive planning of

computing and infrastructure change scenarios.

04 Oct 2007 Slide 20

Dynamically Optimized Data Center
2008,2009 - ----
•Integrated, dynamically optimized
adaptive systems
t
Integrated

en
ag
e m
•Virtualization and load balancing
an
er
M linked to power and cooling
w
Po
ith
2007-2008 W •Intelligent models for control and
Provisioning Æ

Real time monitoring Optimization/Advance fault notification

t
en
Now em
ag
•Modular systems 2007- M
a n
r
2008 e
Separate

•Adaptive scalable Po
w

architecture ith
Sensing W
•Separate systems for &
power, cooling,….. Control

Monitoring & Limited Adaptive Intelligent

Conventional Controls Controls
Type of Control Æ

04 Oct 2007 Slide 21

Agenda
z Power Management Challenges
z IT Equipment Power Reduction Schemes
z Facility Infrastructure Power Improvements
z Dynamic Power Management System
z Summary

04 Oct 2007 Slide 22

Summary
z IT and Facility equipment continue to evolve
intelligently
– Higher Efficiency, Digital Control and Virtualization
z Current management, monitoring and control
software optimize IT and Facility systems
independently
z Bridging the IT and Facility systems with an
integrated Power Management solution
dynamically optimizes efficiency across the entire
Data Center

04 Oct 2007 Slide 23

Power Operating System
Conceptual Data Flow

04 Oct 2007 Slide 24