10.

Parts of speech occupy the central position in the language system as they present the meeting
point of lexicon and grammar of language. The word possesses (обладать) three main aspects: meaning,
form and function. They are the criteria of classifying the lexicon into parts of speech.

Words belonging to one part of speech possess a common categorical meaning. Categorical meanings
are such generalized abstract meaning as substance for nouns, action for verbs, property for adjective
(прил) and property of property for adverbs. The semantic properties of words are projected
(проектировать) into their functional (syntactic) properties.

Primary (осн) syntactic function are: subject, object and predicative for nouns; attribute and predicative
for adjectives; adverbial modifier for adverbs.

All words in English are subdivided into notional and functional.

Notional parts of speech: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs.

Functional : prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, particles, articles.

14.

The subclassification of adjectives into categories is carried out by different scientists in different ways.
The most common in Russian English studies is the division of adjectives into qualitative and relative.
Qualitative are adjectives that convey a feature directly, and relative - adjectives that convey a feature
that is revealed through a relationship to an object, place, time. The meanings of quality and relativity
are often considered abstract.

In addition to qualitative and relative, quantitative adjectives are sometimes distinguished: for example,
much, many, little, numerous. Although there is also a point of view according to which some linguists
attribute the words much, many, little, few to quantitative pronouns.

In foreign English studies, the most common is the division of adjectives into descriptive and limitive.
This division is functional, since it is made taking into account the role of the adjective in relation to the
noun it defines. The representative of the English scientific grammar G. Sweet proposed to divide
adjectives into attributive and qualifying.

There is also a division of adjectives into evaluative and descriptive.