SHOW IMUAINTUA\ILa KOMATSU 108 series DIESEL ENGINE ‘SEBE6221010401 11 12 13 14 15 00-2 @ CONTENTS No. of page o1-1 GENERAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. .......ccsscssessssesessnsessesseess W41 TESTING AND ADJUSTING DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY ............--::sssssssesseeesees 13-4 MAINTENANCE STANDARD REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT OF PARTS................1000 15-1 622101622101 UST OF REVISED PAGES LIST OF REVISED PAGES The affected pages are indicated by the use of the following marks. tis requested that necessary actions Mark Indication Action required be taken to these pages according to the table below. © | Page to be newly added Add © | Page to be replaced Replace { _} | Page to be deleted Discard Pages having no marks are those previously revised ‘or made additions. LIST OF REVISED PAGE Mark Page Tim® off mark Page Time Ol Mark Page TIME fl Mark Page TIME f Mark Page Time of @ 00-1 @® 01.007 @ 1013 @ 11038 «© 12.008 @ o2 @ oro @ 110131 @ 037 O 12010 @ © 021 @ 01-009 @ 11.0132 @ 11.038 @ 201 ® © 0-22 @ 01010 @ 104 @ 1038 @ 12.012 @ @ 0-3 01011 @ 1015 OD 11.040 @ 120133 @ © 00-4 01012 @ 1016 @ 104 @ | @ 120131 @ © 0s 01-0121 @ 1017 © 1.082 @ 12014 @ e 06 01-0122 @ 1.018 @ 11.043 @ 12015 @ e@ 07 oro = @ 1019 @ 1106 @ | @ 120151 @ oe 08 010155 @ 11.019-1 @ 11-044-1 @ @ §12015-2 © e@ 09 11.019-2 @ 11.04 © e 1206 © = © 10 1.001 @ 11020 @ 11.045-1 @ 120161 @ © 00-11 11-002 © 11-021 © 11-046 @ 12.016-2 @ © 012 n03 @ n02 @ en) 12.0163 @ @ 00-13 11-008 @ 1023 «OD 11-048 «@ 12.0164 @ © oo 11-008 @ 11.028 @ now @ 120165 © © 00-15 11-00 @ 11.028 @® 11-050 @ 12.016-6 @ © 00-16 11-007 @ 1.0277 @ 11-051 @ 12.0167 @ © 00-17 11.007-1 @ 11.02 © 11082 @ 120168 @ © oot 11.0072 ® 11029 ® 11-053 © 120169 © © oot 11.0073 ® 11.0281 @ 12.016-10 11.0074 @ 11.0292 © 12001 @ | Oo 1201611@ 01-001 @ 11.0075 © 11.0293 @ 12002 © 2017 @ or002 @ 1008 © 11-030 © 12.003 201% @ 01003 @ 11.009 11031 @ 12.008 12018 @ © 1008 @ 11.010 1032 © 12.005, 12020 @ —~ @ 01006 @ 11-011 11-038 @ 12-006 12.020-1 @ or006 @ 012 n035 12.007 © 12002 © 00-2-1 @LIST OF REVISED PAGES LIST OF REVISED PAGES Mark Page TiM@ Of mark Page Time of Mark Page TIMEOf Mark Page Time°fl Mark Page Time of 12021 @ 13015 @ 14019 @ 12022 @ 13016 @ 14.020 @ 12.023 @ 13.0177 © 14.021 ® 1028 © 130% @ 1402 © 1202 © 13019 © 12028 © 13.020 @ 15001 @ 120277 © 1302 @ 5002 @ 12028 @ 13.021-1 @ 15-003 @ 12029 © 130212 @ 16-004 @ 12.020 © 13022 @ 15.005 @ 12.031 © 13.023 © 15.006 @ 12032 @ 13028 @ 15.007 @ 12.033 @ 13.02 © 15-008 @ 12038 @ 13028 @ 15.009 @ 12035 @ 13.027 @ 15-010 @ 12.036 @ 13.02 @ 15.011 @ 12.037 @ 13.0281 © 15012 @ 12.038 @ 13.0282 @ 150133 @ 12039 @ 13.02 © 15014 © 1200 © 13030 @ 15015 @ 1204 @ 13.031 © 16018 @ 12002 © 13032 @ 15017 @ 12.04 @ 15.018 @ 204 @ 14001 @ 15019 @ 1205 02 @ 15020 @ 14.003 @ 15.021 @ 13001 © 14.008 @ 15022 @ 13-002 OD 14.006 @ 13003 @ 14.007 @ 13.006 @ 14.008 © 13005 OD 14009 © 13008 © wow @ 13007 O 0811 ® 13008 © woz @ 13.009 @ 14013 ® 13010 wou ® B01 © 14015 @ 13-012 @ 14016 @ 1303 wor 304 © 14.018 00-2-2 @ 622101SAFETY SAFETY NOTICE ‘SAFETY NOTICE IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE Proper service and repair is extremely important for safe machine operation. The service and repair techniques recommended by Komatsu and described in this manual are both effective and safe. Some of these techniques require the use of tools specially designed by Komatsu for the specific purpose. To prevent injury to workers, the symbol i is used to mark safety precautions in thi ‘manual. The cautions accompanying these symbols should always be followed care- fully. If any dangerous situation arises or may possibly arise, first consider safety, and take the necessary actions to deal with the situation. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS Mistakes in operation are extremely dangerous. Read the Operation and Maintenance Manual carefully BEFORE operating the machine. 1. Before carrying out any greasing or repairs, read all the precautions given on the decals which are fixed to the machine. 2. When carrying out any operation, always wear safety shoes and helmet. Do not wear loose work clothes, or clothes with buttons missing. ‘* Always wear safety glasses when hitting parts with a hammer. = Always wear safety glasses when grind- ing parts with a grinder, etc. 3. If welding repairs are needed, always have a trained, experienced welder carry out the work. When carrying out welding work, al- ways wear welding gloves, apron, hand shield, cap and other clothes suited for weld- ing work. 4. When carrying out any operation with two ‘or more workers, always agree on the oper- ating procedure before starting. Always in- form your fellow workers before starting any step of the operation. Before starting work, hang UNDER REPAIR signs on the controls in the operator's compartment. 5. Keep all tools in good condition and learn the correct way to use them. 6. Decide a place in the repair workshop to keep tools and removed parts. Always keep the tools and parts in their correct places. Always keep the work area clean and make sure that there is no dirt or oil on the floor. ‘Smoke only in the areas provided for smok- ing. Never smoke while working. PREPARATIONS FOR WORK 7. Before adding oil or making any repairs, park the machine on hard, level ground, and block the wheels or tracks to prevent the machine from moving. 8. Before starting work, lower blade, ripper, bucket or any other work equipment to the ground. If this is not possible, insert the safety pin or use blocks to prevent the work equipment from falling. In addition, be sure to lock all the control levers and hang warn- ing signs on them. 9. When disassembling or assembling, support the machine with blocks, jacks or stands before starting work. 10. Remove all mud and oil from the steps or other places used to get on and off the ma- chine. Always use the handrails, ladders or steps when getting on or off the machine. Never jump on or off the machine. If it is impossible to use the handrails, ladders or steps, use a stand to provide safe footing 00-3‘SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING WORK 11. When removing the oil filler cap, drain plug or hydraulic pressure measuring plugs, loosen them slowly to prevent the oil from spurting out. Before disconnecting or removing compo- nents of the oil, water or air circuits, first remove the pressure completely from the circuit, 12, The water and oil in the circuits are hot when the engine is stopped, so be careful not to get burned. Wait for the oil and water to cool before carrying out any work on the oil or water circuits. 13. Before starting work, remove the leads from the battery. Always remove the lead from the negative (-) terminal first. 14. When raising heavy components, use a hoist or crane. Check that the wire rope, chains and hooks are free from damage. ‘Always use lifting equipment which has ample capacity. Install the lifting equipment at the correct places. Use a hoist or crane and operate slowly to prevent the component from hit- ting any other part. Do not work with any part still raised by the hoist or crane. 18. When removing covers which are under in- ternal pressure or under pressure from a spring, always leave two bolts in position ‘on opposite sides. Slowly release the pres- sure, then slowly loosen the bolts to remove. 16. When removing components, be careful not to break or damage the wiring. Damaged wiring may cause electrical fires. 17. When removing piping, stop the fuel or oil from spilling out. If any fuel or oil drips onto the floor, wipe it up immediately. Fuel or oil on the floor can cause you to slip, or can even start fires. 18. As a general rule, do not use gasoline to wash parts. In particular, use only the mini mum of gasoline when washing electrical parts. 19. a 22. 23. 24, SAFETY NOTICE Be sure to assemble all parts again in their original places. Replace any damaged parts with new parts. ‘+ When installing hoses and wires, be sure that they will not be damaged by contact with other parts when the machine is be- ing operated |. When installing high pressure hoses, make sure that they are not twisted. Damaged tubes are dangerous, so be extremely care- ful when installing tubes for high pressure circuits. Also, check that connecting parts are correctly installed. When assembling or installing parts, always use the specified tightening torques. When installing protective parts such as guards, or parts which vibrate violently or rotate at high speed, be particularly careful to check that they are installed correctly. When aligning two holes, never insert your fingers or hand. Be careful not to get your fingers caught in a hole. When measuring hydraulic pressure, check that the measuring tool is correctly assem- bled before taking any measurements. Take care when removing or installing the tracks of track-type machines. When removing the track, the track sepa- rates suddenly, so never let anyone stand at either end of the track.FOREWORD GENERAL FOREWORD GENERAL This shop manual has been prepared as an aid to improve the quality of repairs by giving the serviceman an accurate understanding of the product and by showing him the correct way to perform epairs and make judgements. Make sure you understand the contents of this manual and use it to full effect at every opportunity. This shop manual mainly contains the necessary technical information for operations performed in a service workshop. For ease of understanding, the manual is divided into the following chapters; these chapters are further divided into the each main group of components. ‘STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION This section explains the structure and function of each component. It serves not only to give ‘an understanding of the structure, but also serves as reference material for troubleshooting, TESTING AND ADJUSTING This section explains checks to be made before and after performing repairs, as well as adjustments to be made at completion of the checks and repairs. Troubleshooting charts correlating "Problems" to "Causes" are also included this section. DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY This section explains the order to be followed when removing, installing, disassembling or assembling each component, as well as precautions to be taken for these operations. MAINTENANCE STANDARD This section gives the judgement standards when inspecting disassembled parts. NOTICE The specifications contained in this shop manual are subject to change at any time and without any advance notice. Use the specifications given in the book with the latest date.FOREWORD. HOW TO READ THE SHOP MANUAL VOLUMES Shop manuals are issued as a guide to carrying ‘out repairs. They are divided as follows: Chassis volume: Issued for every machine model Engine volume: Issued for each engine series Electrical volu Each issued as one Attachments volume: | volume to cover all models These various volumes are designed to avoid duplicating the same information. Therefore, to deal with all repairs for any model , it is neces- sary that chassis, engine, electrical and attach- ment volumes be available. DISTRIBUTION AND UPDATING Any additions, amendments or other changes will be sent to KOMATSU distributors. Get the most up-to-date information before you start any work. FILING METHOD 1, See the page number on the bottom of the page. File the pages in correct order. 2, Following examples show how to read the Page number. Example 1 (Chassis volume): 10-3 Item number (10. Structure and Function) Consecutive page number for each item. Example 2 (Engine volume): 12-5 Unit number (1. Engine) Item number (2. Testing and Adjusting) Consecutive page number for each item. Additional pages: Additional pages are indi- cated by a hyphen (-) and number after the page number. File as in the example. Example: 10-4 12-203 10-41 12-203-1 10.4.2} Added pages —[_19.293-2 105 12-204 00-6 HOW TO READ THE SHOP MANUAL REVISED EDITION MARK When a manual is revised, an edition mark (D@@....) is recorded on the bottom of the pages. REVISIONS: Revised pages are shown in the LIST OF RE- VISED PAGES next to the CONTENTS page. ‘SYMBOLS So that the shop manual can be of ample prac- tical use, important safety and quality portions are marked with the following symbols. Item Remarks ‘Special safety precautions are necessary when performing the work. Safety Special technical precautions or other precautions for serving standards are neces- sary when performing the work. Caution Weight of parts of systems. Caution necessary when se- lecting hoisting wire, or when working posture is important, ete, Weight Places that require special at- tention for the tightening torque during assembly. [Tightening] torque Places to be coated with ad- Coat | hesives and lubricants, etc. Places where oil, water or fuel must be added, and the ca- pacity. Oil, water Places where oil or water must be drained, and quan- to be drained, DrainFOREWORD HOISTING INSTRUCTIONS HOISTING Heavy parts (25 kg or more) must be lifted with a hoist, etc. In the DISAS- SEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY section, every part weighing 25 kg or more, is indicated clearly with the symbol + If a part cannot be smoothly removed from the machine by hoisting, the following checks should be made: 1) Check for removal of all bolts fastening the part to the relative parts. 2) Check for existence of another part caus- ing interference with the part to be re- moved. WIRE ROPES 1) Use adequate ropes depending on the weight of parts to be hoisted, referring to the table below: Wire ropes (Standard "Z" or *S* twist ropes without galvanizing) Rope diameter Allowable load mm kN tons 10 98 1.0 112 137 14 125 187 1.6 4 21.6 22 16 275 2.8 18 35.3 3.6 20 43.1 44 22.4 54.9 56 30 98.1 10.0 40 1765 18.0 50 2746 28.0 60 392.2 40.0 * The allowable load value is estimated to be one-sixth or one-seventh of the break- ing strength of the rope used. 2) Sling wire ropes from the middle portion of the hook. 3) 4) ) HOISTING INSTRUCTIONS Slinging near the edge of the hook may cause the rope to slip off the hook during hoisting, and a serious accident can re- sult. Hooks have maximum strength at the middle portion. 100% 88% 79% 71% 41% Do not sling a heavy load with one rope alone, but sling with two or more ropes symmetrically wound onto the load. QB Siinging with one rope may cause turning of the load during hoisting, untwisting of the rope, or slipping of the rope from its original winding Position on the load, which can re- sult in a dangerous accident. Do not sling a heavy load with ropes form- ing @ wide hanging angle from the hook. When hoisting a load with two or more ropes, the force subjected to each rope will increase with the hanging angles. The table below shows the variation of allow- able load KN {kg} when hoisting is made with two ropes, each of which is allowed to sling up to 9.8 kN (1000 kg} vertically, at various hanging angles. ‘When two ropes sling a load vertically, up to 19.6 KN (2000 kg) of total weight can be suspended. This weight becomes 9.8 kN {1000 kg} when two ropes make a 120° hanging angle. On the other hand, two ropes are subjected to an excessive force as large as 39.2 kN (4000 kg) if they sling @ 19.6 KN (2000 kg} load at a lifting angle of 150°. A 3 76 fle 000) TBS Tg c1s00) «8, a 2 196 Fra) 3 ooo! woo Gi i one) = iw 000! 30 uftine 720150 saoo04se 00-7FOREWORD COATING MATERIALS * The recommended coating mater disassembly and assembly are listed below. & For coating materials not listed below, use the equivalent of products shown in this list. COATING MATERIALS Is such as adhesives, gasket sealants and greases used for Category | Komatsu cod] PartNo. | diy | Container Main applications, features ~ Used to prevent ruber gaskets, rubber LT-1_—_|790-129-9030/ 1509 | Tube | cushions, and cock plug from coming out. Used in places requiring an immediatly eftective, strong adhesive. Used for pes. rr |r90-r2a-onso] 209 [Pobetviene| sce ‘except plyathien,polyerophvene, oe tetrafluoroethlene and vinyl chloride), rub- bar mete and non-metal > Features: Resistance to heat and chemi Polyethylene | Dad ‘9940-00030 | 609 container |+ loosening and sealant pur- pose for bolts and plge 720-129-2060 Adhesive Used as adhesive or sealant for metal, glass (Set of adhe- and plant urs [She and can tardening gent Adhesives = i lvethylene|+ Used as eoalnt for machined holes r-4 | 90-129-9040] 250.9 [Pavettven Hote > Used as heat-essting sealant for repair tote, |reo-r26-0120] 759 | Ture |* Used ot m * Quick nardening type adhesive Tea bond Poyethyene|~ Cure timer within 5 aoe to 3 min. 1735 790-129-9140] 50.9 ‘container |* Used mainly for adhesion of metals, rub- bers, plastics and woods Quick hardening type adhesive Aron-alpha Polyethyiene|* Ouick cure type (max. strength after 30 min- melons |y9p-s29-9120| 2g |Pavativlene| tos + Used mainty for adhesion of rubbers, pla: and metal * Features: Resistance 1 heat, chemicals Loctt ; GaEtSremranero| ance [ebthvene|- Used ata sorton subj ehh om Used a adhesive or sealant for gaskets a 790-129-9010) 2009 ‘Tube. and packing of power train case, etc. Features: Resistance to heat {Used a8 sealant for flange surfaces and baits at high temperature tocatons, used voaot tes |ro0-129-2070 149 | can | to provent sazure + Used as satan for heat resistance gasket for hightemperature locations auch as on: Sine precombustion chamber, exhaust pipeFOREWORD COATING MATERIALS Category | Komatsu code} Part No. Qty | Container Main applications, features + Features: Resistance to water, oll + Used as sealant for flange surface, thread. los ons 7 + Also possible to use as sealant for flanges tee cer ae ube |” with large clearanc + Used as sealant for mating surfaces of fi- nal drive case, transmission case. + Used as sealant for various threads, pipe olyethylene| joints, flanges. container |+ Used as sealant for tay nipples of hydraul Gs — |790-129-9080) 1g fed plugs, elbows, piping. "+ Features: Silicon based, resistance to hi Gasket cold sealant 6-6 | 09940-00011 | 250g Tube |+ Used as sealant for flange surface, tread. + Used as sealant for oil pan, final drive case, | ate + Features: Silicon based, quick hardening | wpe tc-7 | 09920-00150) 150g Tube + Used as sealant for flywheel housing, in- take manifold, oil an, thermostat housing, ete. Three bond + Used as heat-resisting sealant for repairing fait |790-128-9090] 100g | Tube |" engine + Used as lubricant for sliding portion (to pre- Molybde- didi oea4o-o0081 | €09 Can vent from squeaking). disulphide + Used to prevent seizure or scut lubricant Lw-P | 09940-00040 | 200g | Tube | thread when press fitting or shrink fitting. + Used as lubricant for linkage, bearings, etc. 's¥G2-400L! + General purpose type 'S¥G2-360L! G21 |SYG2-400LLA | Various Various 'SYG2-160L! \SYGA-160CNLI + Used for normal temperature, light load Grease ee | bearing at places in contact with water or 'S¥G2350CA naan G2-CA —|{SYG2-400CA.A] Various | Various 'svG2-160cA ‘SYGA-160CNCA| Molybdenum 400.9 + Used for places with heavy load disulphide | SYG2-400M | (10 per |Belows type| . lubricant | case)FOREWORD STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUE STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUE STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUE TABLE (WHEN USING TORQUE WRENCH) ‘In the case of metric nuts and bolts for which there is no special instruction, tighten to the torque given in the table below. Thread diameter Width of bolt across flats mm mm 6 10 132214 1.3540.15 8 13 ‘3123 32403 10 a 6627 67207 2 19 113410 11541 4 2 7419 1842 16 24 279230 28543 18 2 382239 3944 20 30 549+ 59 5646 22 32 745+ 83 76285 24 36 9272 103 94.54 10.5 27 “1 13202 140 135415 30 46 1720 190 175420 33 50 2210 240 225425 36 55 2750+ 290 280+ 30 39 60 3290 340 335135 Thread diameter Width of bolt across flats mm mm Nm. kgm 6 10 7.852 1.95 08202 8 1B 186249 19405 10 4 402559 41406 2 a 82.354 7.85 84t08 » page: CMM EB, TABLE OF TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR FLARED NUTS + In the case of flared nuts for which there is no special instruction, tighten to the torque given in the table below. Thread diameter | Width across flat Tightening torque mm mm Nm. kgm 4 19 24.5449 25405 18 24 494196 Bt2 2 27 7854196 B+? 24 32 137.3: 29.4 1443 30 36 176.5+29.4 1823 33 a 196.149 2045 36 46 245.22 49 2525 a2 55 298.249 3045 00-10FOREWORD STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUE TABLE OF TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR SPLIT FLANGE BOLTS * In the case of split flange bolts for which there is no special instruction, tighten to the torque given in the table below. Thread diameter | Width across flat Tightening torque mm mm Nm kgm 10 4 65.7268 67207 2 7 1129.8 11521 16 2 27929 28523 TABLE OF TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR O-RING BOSS PIPING JOINTS + Unless there are special instructions, tighten the O-ring boss piping joints to the torque below. Nominal No, |_Thread diameter | Width across flat Tightening torque = mm mm Nm kgm 02 14 343249 35105 03, 04 20 Varies depending on| 93.1 98 9541 05, 06. 28 ype of connector. 142.14 19.6 14542 10, 12. 33 421.44 588 4326 14 a2 877.14 132.3, 8954135, TABLE OF TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR O-RING BOSS PLUGS * Unless there are special instructions, tighten the O-ring boss plugs to the torque below. Nominal No, |_Thread diameter | Width across flat | _ Tightening torque mm’ mm Nm kgm) 08 | 8 4 735% 147 0.75+0.15 10 | 10 a 19.274 1.47 1,150.15 2 12 19 17.64+ 1.96 18+02 4 4 2 2254+ 1.96 23202 16 16 24 29.4449 3405 18 18 21 39.2449 4405 20 20 30 492.49 5+05 24 26 32 68.698 721 30 30 32 107.8% 14.7 415 33 33 = 127-42 196 1322 36 36 36 151.9245, 155225 a2 2 - 21543 52 I 52 = 33445FOREWORD STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUE TIGHTENING TORQUE FOR 102 ENGINE SERIES (BOLT AND NUTS) Use these torques for bolts and nuts (unit: mm) of Cummins Eni = Thread diameter Tightening torque : mm Nm kgm 6 1022 4.02 + 0.20 8 m4 245 +041 10 4346 4138 + 0.61 2 aw 785 + 1.22 TIGHTENING TORQUE FOR 102 ENGINE SERIIES (EYE JOINTS) Use these torques for eye joints (unit: mm) of Cummins Engine. Tightening torg Nm kgm 6 g22 0.81 + 0.20 8 1022 1.02 + 0.20 10 1292 1.22 + 0.20 2 244 245 £0.41 14 3645 3.67 £0.51 TIGHTENING TORQUE FOR 102 ENGINE SERIIES (TAPERED SCREWS) Use these torques for tapered screws (unit: inch) of Cummins Engine. Thread diameter Tightening torque inch Nm kgm 1116 FFs] 031 £0.10 17/8 B42 01 £0.20 14 1242 1.22 #020 3/8 1542 : 1/2 mes 3/4 3625 4 60 +9FOREWORD ELECTRIC WIRE CODE ELECTRIC WIRE CODE In the wiring diagrams, various colors and symbols are employed to indicate the thi This wire code table will help you understand WIRING DIAGRAMS. Example: SWB indicates a cable having a nominal number 5 and white coating with black stripe. cness of wires. CLASSIFICATION BY THICKNESS Copper wire Tnoraben Nbr ti of sarc oas sano Cable 0.0. |Current rating} Applicable circuit oes fon 032 0.88 2a 12__| Staring, ightng, signal ete a 2 26 032 208 34 20 | Liahting, signal ete 5 % 032 523 ae a7 _| charging and signal 16 84 048 1336 70 59 | Starting (Glow plug) © 35 oo | as | ie 136 | Staning 0 127 os | cam | 136 178 | staring 100 27 oo | 108 176 230 | starting CLASSIFICATION BY COLOR AND CODE Creat ae Prior bigest Charging | Ground | Starting | Lighting | instrument | signal Other fcstn + ey, [eeee| 8 8 R Y 6 t Color] white | Black | Black red _| velow | Gren | ahve >| [eoae|_we = ow aw YR cw | w Color| White & Red] _— _|alack & Wnite| Red & whit [Yelow & Red|Green & White & White ‘code we 2 BY m6 v8 or iF . Color} White & Black} = [Black & Yellow] Red & Black |Yellow & Black |Green & Red] Blue & Red | awe |Codel we = BR RY YG ov Wy "Y |color| White & Blue| - Black & Red [Red & YellowlYellow & Green}Green & Yellow[Blue & Yellow 5 | (eee = = aG we oe ie Coto = = |fed & Groen etow & BluelGreon & Bac Bive & Block code] — = = aL ww Gt = ao i lcotor] = = Red & Blue Yellow & White|Green & Blue] —FOREWORD CONVERSION TABLE CONVERSION TABLE METHOD OF USING THE CONVERSION TABLE The Conversion Table in this section is provided to enable simple conversion of figures. For details of the method of using the Conversion Table, see the example given below. EXAMPLE ‘+ Method of using the Conversion Table to convert from millimeters to inches 1. Convert 55 mm into inches. (1) Locate the number 50 in the vertical column at the left side, take this as @, then draw a horizontal line from @. (2) Locate the number § in the row across the top, take this as @, then draw a perpendicular line down from ©. (3) Take the point where the two lines cross as ©. This point © from millimeters to inches. Therefore, 55 mm = 2.165 inches. 6 the value when converting 2. Convert 550 mm into inches. (1) The number 550 does not appear in the table, so divide by 10 (move the decimal point one place to the left) to convert it to 55 mm. (2) Carry out the same procedure as above to convert §5 mm to 2.165 inches. (3) The original value (550 mm) was divided by 10, so multiply 2.165 inches by 10 (move the decimal point one place to the right) to return to the original value. This gives 550 mm = 21.65 inches. Millimeters to inch ‘1mm = 0.03937 in 6 7 8 9 0.236 | 0.276 | 0.315 | 0.354 0.630 | 0.669 | 0.709 | 0.748 1.024 | 1.063 | 1.102 | 1.142 1.417 | 1.457 | 1.496 | 1.536 1.811 | 1.850 | 1.890 | 1.929 2.205 | 2.244 | 2.283 | 2.323 2.598 | 2.638 | 2.677 | 2.717 2.992 | 3.032 | 3.071 | 3.110 3.386 | 3.425 | 3.465 | 3.504 3.780 | 3.819 | 3.858 | 3.898