Chapter #17: Volume #1

www.youtube.
com/shahinazelkasrawy
Chapter #17
Volume #1
www.facebook.com/eng.shahinaz
www.youtube.com/shahinazelkasrawy
IP Routing in the LAN
In This Chapter
▪ 1.0 Network Fundamentals

▪ 1.6 Configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting
▪ 2.0 Network Access
▪ 2.4 Configure and verify (Layer 2/Layer 3) EtherChannel (LACP)
VLAN Routing with Router 802.1Q Trunks
• ■ Use a router, with one router LAN interface and cable

connected to the switch for each and every VLAN (typically not
used)
• ■ Use a router, with a VLAN trunk connecting to a LAN switch
(known as router-on-astick, or ROAS)
• ■ Use a Layer 3 switch with switched virtual interfaces (SVI)
• ■ Use a Layer 3 switch with routed interfaces (which may or may
not be Layer 3
• EtherChannels) 4
▪ Of the items in the

“ list, the first option
works, but to be
practical, it requires
far too many
interfaces. It is
mentioned here only
to make the list
5
www.facebook.com/eng.shahinaz complete.
Configuring ROAS
router-on-a-stick (ROAS)
• ROAS uses router VLAN trunking configuration to give the

router a logical router interface connected to each VLAN.
• Routers use subinterfaces as the means to have an interface
connected to a VLAN.
Router Configuration for the 802.1Q Encapsulation
Router Configuration Using Native VLAN 10 on Router
Verifying ROAS
10
Troubleshooting ROAS
• 1. Is each non-native VLAN configured on the router with an encapsulation dot1q vlan-id
command on a subinterface?
• 2. Do those same VLANs exist on the trunk on the neighboring switch (show interfaces trunk),
and are they in the allowed list, not VTP pruned, and not STP blocked?
• 3. Does each router ROAS subinterface have an IP address/mask configured per the planned
configuration?
• 4. If using the native VLAN, is it configured correctly on the router either on a subinterface (with
an encapsulation dot1q vlan-id native command) or implied on the physical interface?
• 5. Is the same native VLAN configured on the neighboring switch’s trunk in comparison to the
native VLAN configured on the router?
• 6. Are the router physical or ROAS subinterfaces configured with a shutdown command?
11
VLAN Routing with Layer 3 Switch SVIs
“ ▪ Using a router with ROAS to

route packets makes sense in
some cases, particularly at
small remote sites. In sites
with a larger LAN, network
designers choose to use
Layer 3 switches for most
inter-VLAN routing.
Configuring Routing Using Switch SVIs
14
VLAN Interface Configuration for Layer 3 Switching
15
Verifying Routing with SVIs
16
Troubleshooting Routing with SVIs
• Step 1. The VLAN must be defined on the local switch (either explicitly or
learned with VTP).
• Step 2. The switch must have at least one up/up interface using the VLAN,
either/both:
▫ A. An up/up access interface assigned to that VLAN
▫ B. A trunk interface for which the VLAN is in the allowed list, is STP
forwarding, and is not VTP pruned
• Step 3. The VLAN (not the VLAN interface) must be administratively enabled
(that is, not shutdown).
• Step 4. The VLAN interface (not the VLAN) must be administratively enabled
(that is, not shutdown).
17
VLAN Routing with Layer 3 Switch Routed

Ports
Routing on a Routed Interface on a Switch
19
Configuring Interface G0/1 on Switch SW1 as a Routed Port
20
Verification Commands for Routed Ports on Switches
21
Chapter #18
Volume #1
Troubleshooting IPv4 Routing
In This Chapter
▪ 1.0 Network Fundamentals

▪ 1.6 Configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting
▪ 3.0 IP Connectivity
▪ 3.3 Configure and verify IPv4 and IPv6 static routing
▪ 3.3.a Default route
▪ 3.3.b Network route
▪ 3.3.c Host route
▪ 3.3.d Floating static
24
Problem Isolation Using the ping Command
25
Ping Command Basics
• the ping command uses the Internet Control Message Protocol

(ICMP), specifically the ICMP echo request and ICMP echo
reply messages.
• As a protocol, ICMP does not rely on TCP or UDP, and it does
not use any application layer protocol
• It functions as part of Layer 3, as a control protocol to assist IP
by helping manage the IP network functions.
Concept Behind ping 172.16.2.101 on Host A
27
Sample Output from Host A’s ping 172.16.2.101 Command
28
Router R2 Pings Host B
29
“ ▪ By default, the Cisco IOS

ping command sends five
echo messages, with a
timeout of 2 seconds
▪ If the command does not
receive an echo reply within
2 seconds, the command
considers that message to be
a failure
30
Using Extended Ping to Test the Reverse Route
31
Using Ping with Names and with IP Addresses
32
Problem Isolation Using the traceroute Command
Like ping, the traceroute command helps network engineers isolate problems. Here is a
compariso of the two:
• ■ Both send messages in the network to test connectivity.

• ■ Both rely on other devices to send back a reply.
• ■ Both have wide support on many different operating systems.
• ■ Both can use a hostname or an IP address to identify the
destination.
• ■ On routers, both have a standard and extended version,
allowing better testing of the reverse route.
traceroute Basics
• The traceroute command identifies the routers in the path from

source host to destination host
• it lists the next-hop IP address of each router that would be in
each of the individual routes.
35
Output from traceroute 172.16.2.101 on Host A
36
How the traceroute Command Works
37
Extended traceroute Command on R1
38
Telnet and SSH
Common Reasons to Use the IOS Telnet and SSH Client
• Normally, a network engineer would log in to the remote device

using a Telnet or SSH client on a PC, tablet, or any other user
device.
• In fact, often, the same software package does both Telnet and
SSH.
• in some cases, you may want to take advantage of the Telnet and
SSH client built in to IOS on the routers and switches to
Telnet/SSH from one Cisco device to the next.
IOS Telnet and SSH Examples
41
SSH Client from R1 to R2 to View Interface Status on R2
42
Good Luck ☺
Eng. Shahinaz Elkasrawy

Chapter #17: Volume #1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter #17: Volume #1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

www.youtube.

IP Routing in the LAN

▪ 1.0 Network Fundamentals

VLAN Routing with Router 802.1Q Trunks

• ■ Use a router, with one router LAN interface and cable

▪ Of the items in the

• ROAS uses router VLAN trunking configuration to give the

Router Configuration for the 802.1Q Encapsulation

Router Configuration Using Native VLAN 10 on Router

VLAN Routing with Layer 3 Switch SVIs

“ ▪ Using a router with ROAS to

Configuring Routing Using Switch SVIs

VLAN Interface Configuration for Layer 3 Switching

Verifying Routing with SVIs

Troubleshooting Routing with SVIs

VLAN Routing with Layer 3 Switch Routed

Routing on a Routed Interface on a Switch

Configuring Interface G0/1 on Switch SW1 as a Routed Port

Verification Commands for Routed Ports on Switches

Troubleshooting IPv4 Routing

▪ 1.0 Network Fundamentals

Problem Isolation Using the ping Command

Ping Command Basics

• the ping command uses the Internet Control Message Protocol

Concept Behind ping 172.16.2.101 on Host A

Sample Output from Host A’s ping 172.16.2.101 Command

Router R2 Pings Host B

“ ▪ By default, the Cisco IOS

Using Extended Ping to Test the Reverse Route

Using Ping with Names and with IP Addresses

Problem Isolation Using the traceroute Command

• ■ Both send messages in the network to test connectivity.

• The traceroute command identifies the routers in the path from

Output from traceroute 172.16.2.101 on Host A

How the traceroute Command Works

Extended traceroute Command on R1

Telnet and SSH

Common Reasons to Use the IOS Telnet and SSH Client

• Normally, a network engineer would log in to the remote device

IOS Telnet and SSH Examples

SSH Client from R1 to R2 to View Interface Status on R2

You might also like