Republic of the Philippines

Isabela State University

Echague Campus
San Fabian, Echague, Isabela

AIR POLLUTION

SUBMITTED BY:

Bulaklak, Princess A.
Cauilan, Angelica Carl Mae P.
Gorospe, April B.
Loria, Justine Mae A.
Ricardo, Maricel A.
Singh, Prinka R.
Timbang, Eligio P.
BSN 2-2

Samut, Johanie A.
Samut, Rushel F.
Sanchez,Jinky R.
BSN 2-4
Objectives:

1. To Describe the different types of air pollutants

 Carbon monoxide is both odorless and colorless. Most carbon monoxide emissions
coming from the vehicles, they also come from forest fires, lawn equipment and the
burning of industrial waste. A pollutant is too dangerous into human health because,
even in very small concentrations, it can prevent oxygen from being delivered through
your body to major organs. At higher levels, it can also cause a death.
 Sulfur dioxide is a colorless gas, though it's highly reactive. Once in the air it may react
further that can create sulfur acid, and can fall back to Earth as acid rain. Sulfur dioxide
can also cause respiratory illnesses when it's breaths in by a person.
 Nitrogen oxides are the family of gases which is also very reactive, but you can definitely
see and smell these. More than half of these pollutants come from vehicle combustion
emissions, with a large amount also coming from industrial combustion. Nitrogen oxides
also cause respiratory illnesses.
2. To Describe the sources of air pollutanton
There are four main types of air pollution sources: mobile sources such as cars,
buses, planes, trucks, and trains. stationary sources such as power plants, oil refineries,
industrial facilities, and factories. area sources such as agricultural areas, cities, and wood
burning fireplaces .
3. To know the Problems with Air Quality pollution
Air pollution started to be a problem when early people burned wood for heat and
cooking fires in enclosed spaces such as caves and small tents or houses. But the
problems became more widespread as fossil fuels such as coal began to be burned during
the Industrial Revolution.
4. To know what are the effect of smoke of the vehicles in the air
Transportation affecting the greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, causing
health problems especially the peoples, animals and the plants. In smoky vehicles like
cars, bus, and motorcycle is causing polluted air that are inhaled or smell by pedestrians
and passengers but all the people around public places.
5. To Discuss the Health effects of air pollution
The risk of air pollution into our health is extremely serious. Poor of air quality
that increases respiratory ailments like asthma and bronchitis. Air pollution has the bad
effects into one’s health that is mostly the main concern also. Due to scattered or so
thrown somewhere that we can inhale, when we are going out and go to some places that
being polluted. Lung cancer and heart disease may encounter of a person due to air
pollution.

6. To know how to help the community

This is the way to help community in air pollution by planting trees, and cleaning
the environment were responsibilities of individual’s duty. Being a volunteer to become a
mentor, and work together toward a common goal. Community leaders will lead the
residents on the community to a good work and make success to helps environments
condition.
INTRODUCTION

Air pollution may be described as contamination of the atmosphere by gaseous, liquid,

or solid wastes or by-products that can endanger human health and welfare of plants and animals
or simply mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Car emissions, chemicals from factories,
dust, pollen and mold spores may be suspended as particles. Particles are introduced into the air
by burning fuel for energy. The gases produced as a result of burning fuels in automobiles,
homes, and industries are a major source of pollution in the air. Some believe that even the
burning of wood and charcoal in fireplaces and barbeques can release significant quanitites of
soot into the air. Another type of pollution is the release of noxious gases, such as sulfur dioxide,
carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and chemical vapors. These can take part in further chemical
reactions once they are in the atmosphere, forming smog and acid rain. Humans contribute
substantially more to the air pollution problem. Though some pollution comes from natural
sources, most pollution is the result of human activity. This pollution damages the natural
processes in the atmosphere, and affects public health negatively.

Air pollution worldwide is a growing threat to human health and the natural environment.
Air pollution are both indoors and outdoors, it is a major environmental health problem affecting
everyone. Any agent that spoils air quality is called air pollutant.

An air pollutant is a material in the air that can have adverse effects on humans and the
ecosystem. The substance can be solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. A pollutant can be of
natural origin or man-made. Although some pollutants are released by natural sources like
volcanoes, coniferous forests, and hot springs, the effect of this pollution is very small when
compared to that caused by emissions from industrial sources, power and heat generation, waste
disposal, and the operation of internal combustion engines. Fuel combustion is the largest
contributor to air pollutant emissions, caused by man, with stationary and mobile sources equally
responsible. The major pollutants which contribute to air pollution are sulfur dioxide, carbon
monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, total suspended particulate matter, lead, carbon dioxide, and
toxic pollutants.

Currently, several cities stand out as worst cases of air pollution. It was found that people
lived in cities where pollution was above the air quality standards. Among the developments
contributing to air pollution in the cities are incorrect urbanization, low quality fuel, the high
content of sulphur and ash in the fuel used for heating and improper combustion techniques, the
shortage of green areas, the increase in the number of motor vehicles, inadequate disposal of
wastes and meteorological factors.

The direct effects of air pollution on human health vary depending on the period of
exposure to air pollution, intensity of air pollution, and the general health condition of the
population. Although the negative effects of air pollution can also be seen on healthy people, its
effects create more serious problems in groups with higher vulnerability. Children and the
elderly, those with respiratory tract diseases and cardiovascular diseases, those who are allergic,
and those who do exercises are at more risk. It has been reported in such studies that air pollution
increases the risk of acute respiratory tract diseases in children and leads to an increase in
cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality.

As a result of the negative effects of air pollution on health, the following have been
observed:

 An increase in lung cancer cases

 An increase in the frequency of chronic asthma crisis
 An increase in the frequency of asthma cases
 An increase in the frequency of coughing/phlegm
 An increase in the acute disorders of upper repiratory system
 An increase in eye, nose and throat irritation cases
 Reduction in respiratory capacity
 An increase in mortality
 A reduction in productivity and production
 An increase in medical treatment expenses

Pollutants in the air cause health defects ranging from unnoticeable chemical and
biological changes to trouble breathing and coughing. The ill effects of air pollution primarily
attack the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
 Some pollutants are released by natural sources like volcanoes, coniferous forests, and
hot springs, the effect of this pollution is very small when compared to that caused by emissions
from industrial sources, power and heat generation, waste disposal, and the operation of internal
combustion engines. Fuel combustion is the largest contributor to air pollutant emissions, caused
by man, with stationary and mobile sources equally responsible. The air pollution problem is
encountered outdoor as well as indoor.

The indoor air pollution came to our attention during 80's while outdoor air pollution has
been around for some time. The major pollutants which contribute to indoor air pollution include
radon, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, biological contaminants, and combustion by-
products such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen
dioxides, and particulate.

The major pollutants which contribute to outdoor air pollution are sulfur dioxide, carbon
monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, total suspended particulate matter, lead, carbon dioxide, and
toxic pollutants.

References;

1. https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-topics-in-
environmental-health-and-air-pollution-case-studies/air-pollutants-and-its-effects-on-human-
healthy-the-case-of-the-city-of-trabzon&ved=2ahUKEwj-
r_yGg8XqAhUGA3IKHdcJCLk4ChAWMAh6BAgGEAE&usg=AOvVaw0_NMs9z0uWug
xBBBiezD5-

2. https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.eng.utoledo.edu/~akumar/IAP1/introduction.htm
&ved=2ahUKEwjQ6ZmJhMXqAhV573MBHRkZCxEQFjAYegQIBxAB&usg=AOvVaw07
p2qq36mBlOSKqD7jPLDk&cshid=1594464841780

3. https://courses.lumenlearning.com

4. https://www.niehs.nih.gov