BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

SECOND SEMESTER, AY 2020-2021

MEASLES
A Case Study Report

ERICA C. LANDICHO
ANDREA S. SABA
BSN 2023
I. DESCRIPTION OF THE DISEASE

Measles is one of the world’s most contagious diseases. It is an acute,

contagious exanthematous disease usually affect children which are referrable to Upper
Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI). It is caused by a virus in the paramyxovirus family
and can be passed through direct contact by droplets spread through coughing or
sneezing, and indirectly through articles or fomites freshly contaminated with respiratory
secretions of infected patient. The virus infects the respiratory tract first, then spreads
throughout the body. It is considered as maybe one of the most common and most
serious of all childhood diseases.

II. STATISTICAL DATA

A. GLOBAL

Measles is extremely contagious. Around 9 out of 10 people who are not protected will
become infected following exposure to the measles virus. Measles outbreaks are
declared when the number of cases reported in an area is higher than the expected
number of cases. Outbreaks can happen in areas where people may be unvaccinated
or under-vaccinated.  

Right now, measles outbreaks are occurring in every region of the world. Here are the
Top 10 Countries with Global Measles Outbreak, updated last March 21, 2021:

RAN COUNTRY NUMBER OF CASES

K
1 Yemen 1,513
2 India 1,339
3 Tanzania 1,135
4 Somalia 946
5 Nigeria 743
6 Pakistan 596
7 Burundi 592
8 Democratic Republic of 453
Congo
9 Brazil 451
10 China 390

B. NATIONAL

In Philippines, the number of measles cases has increased in recent years, with a
dramatic increase in cases across the country in late 2018. Last February 2019, the
Philippines’ Department of Health (DOH) reported outbreaks of measles in five
Regions, namely the National Capital Region, Central Luzon (III), CALABARZON (IV-
A), Western Visayas (VI) and Central Visayas (VII). In the following weeks, the
outbreaks reached 17 Regions.

Based on the DOH’s Measles and Rubella Surveillance report and WHO
Epidemiological Overview, between 1 January and 15 February 2020, 1,758 cases
and 12 deaths were recorded from the measles outbreak. Poor immunization
coverage is widely recognized by health specialists as the root cause of the measles
outbreaks.

III. OVERVIEW OF THE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

IV. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

V. LABORATORY PROCEDURES
VI. DRUG STUDY

GENERIC BRAND MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING

INDICATION DOSAGE
NAME NAME OF ACTION REACTION CONSIDERATION
Paracetamol Decreases fever Paracetamol is Significant:  300 mg a. Assess patient’s
by inhibiting the used to treat mild Thrombocytopenia, fever or pain: type
effects of to moderate pain leucopenia, of pain, location,
pyrogens on the and to reduce neutropenia, intensity, duration,
hypothalamus fever. pancytopenia, temperature, and
heat regulating agranulocytosis, diaphoresis.
centers and by angioedema, pain b. Assess allergic
hypothalamic and burning reactions: rash,
action leading to sensation at urticaria; if these
sweating and injection site. occur, drug may
vasodilatation, Rarely, hypotension have to be
Relieves pain by and tachycardia. discontinued.
inhibiting Skin and c. Teach patient to
prostaglandin subcutaneous recognize signs of
synthesis at the tissue disorders: chronic overdose:
CNs but does Erythema, flushing, bleeding, bruising,
not have anti- pruritus. malaise, and sore
inflammatory throat.
action because d. Tell patient to
of its minimal notify prescriber
effect on for pain/fever
peripheral lasting for more
prostaglandin than 3 days.
synthesis.

GENERIC BRAND MECHANISM ADVERSE NURSING

INDICATION DOSAGE
NAME NAME OF ACTION REACTION CONSIDERATION
Cefuroxime Cefuroxime Cefuroxime is 500 mg
acts by used to treat or
 inhibiting prevent bacterial
bacterial cell infection
wall synthesis, (prophylaxis).
promoting
osmotic
instability. Lack
of bacterial cell
wall results in
death due to
lysis of bacteria.

VII. NURSING CARE PLAN

NURSING
ASSESSMENT PLANNING INTERVENTION RATIONALE EVALUATION
DIAGNOSIS
Subjective:

Objective:
VIII. REFERENCES