Literature Review Table Template

Author Manuscript Title

Methods/Design
Year Publication Journal
Theme 1
Aiken et al. Educational levels of hospital Cross-sectional analyses of linked data
2003 nurses and surgical patient from 10,184 staff nurses surveyed,
mortality 232,342 general, orthopedic, and
JAMA vascular surgery patients discharged
between April 1, 1998, and November
30, 1999, and administrative data from
168 nonfederal adult general hospitals
in Pennsylvania.
Theme 2
Bowles et al. First job experiences of recent The Survey of Nurses' Perceptions of
2005 RN graduates: Improving the First Job Experience was mailed to
work environment 3077 RNs licensed in Nevada who
Journal of Nursing graduated from their basic nursing
Administration program within the last 5 years.
Completed surveys were received from
352 respondents. Descriptive statistics
were used to describe the sample and
perception responses. ANOVA and t
tests were used to compare total scores
with selected demographic variables.
Key Findings
After adjusting for patient characteristics and hospital structural
characteristics (size, teaching status, level of technology), as well as for
nurse staffing, nurse experience, and whether the patient's surgeon was
board certified, a 10% increase in the proportion of nurses holding a
bachelor's degree was associated with a 5% decrease in both the
likelihood of patients dying within 30 days of admission and the odds of
failure to rescue
Thirty percent of respondents left in 1 year and 57% left by 2 years.
Patient care issues, such as unsafe nurse-patient ratios, were perceived
as the most negative aspects and the most frequent reason for leaving.
The authors conclude that the findings have implications for nursing and
hospital administrators for improving the work environment and
retention rates of recent RN graduates.

Theme 3
Auerbach et al. Associate degree graduates and NSSRN (1980 – 1996) data are used to Number of employed RNs under 30 decreased from 30% of workforce
2000 the rapidly aging RN workforce examine the impact of associate degree in 1980 to 10% of the workforce in 1996. By 2010, 40% of workforce
Nursing Economics programs on the aging of the registered expected to be over 50. By 2020, RN workforce forecast to be same size
nurse workforce. Pooled cross- as today, falling nearly 20% below predicted RN requirements. Rapid
sectional and OLS analysis is used. aging of RN workforce has been attributed to the older age of graduates
of 2 yr ADN programs with wide proliferation of these programs to
replace diploma based education (second career not wishing to enroll in
4 yr programs) while % of graduates from BSN programs has changed
very little over time. Concluded that cohort effects are the driving
reason for the increase in associated degree graduates. Key reason for
aging of nursing cohorts is the decline in propensity of younger birth
cohorts to choose nursing as a career, as opportunities for women
outside of nursing have expanded.