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The Beginner’s Guide to 3D Printing: 6 Steps
What is 3D Printing?
3D printing is the process of creating a three-dimensional object, usually done by systematically layering material on top of itself. The printer reads a
digital file from the computer which dictates how to layer the material to build the object.
This is why 3D printing is also known as additive manufacturing. 3D printing and additive manufacturing are mostly synonymous, although you may hear
additive manufacturing used more frequently in the context of mass consumption or mass manufacturing.
How to 3D Print
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Depending on the specific print you are planning to do there could be more or fewer steps in your process. But in general, 3D printing involves the
following actions:
Once you have created or chosen a design, you must either export or download the STL file. The STL file is what stores the information about your
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conceptual 3D object.
The next step is then deciding on the different parameters of your object and the printing process. This includes deciding on the size and placement of you
print.
You will then import the STL file into a slicing software, like
BCN3D Cura
. The slicing software will convert the information from the STL file into a
Gcode
, which is a specific code containing exact instructions for the printer.
Step 6: Print
This is when the magic happens! The printer will create the object layer by layer. Depending on the size of your object, your printer, and the materials
used, the job can be done in a matter of minutes or over several hours.
Depending on what you want your final product to be or the material you used, there may be additional post-processing steps after printing, like painting,
brushing off powder, etc.
Increasingly, 3D printing is seen as a sustainable and cost-friendly solution for creating prototypes and tools for different manufacturing projects and
processes. Traditionally, acquiring prototypes can be time-consuming and costly, requiring companies to depend on outside manufacturers. 3D printing
allows companies to quickly make units of an object, tool, or prototype, all in-house.
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If you plan on creating your own designs you will also need the appropriate designing software. But, as we mentioned earlier, you can also find many free
resources online to download designs.
Filaments
The material, also called filament, you choose for your print will depend on many different factors. Do you want your object to be flexible? Heat resistant?
Does it need to be very durable? These are just some of the factors to consider when choosing your filament.
PET-G is also considered a beginner-friendly material, although it is a bit more technical than PLA. However, it is great for industries like engineering and
manufacturing. It is a good material for functional prototypes because it can withstand higher temperatures and has a different chemical makeup that is
ideal for these uses.
Software
There are two important pieces of software for 3D printing: CAD and slicing software.
Typically, you can use any CAD system that can create a functional model. CAD is essential if you want to create your own models and objects. You must
be able to export an STL file from your CAD software.
The slicing software is the second part of the equation. This software translates the STL file into a language that the printer can understand. The Gcode
contains movement information that tells the printer how and where to move its axis, as well as how much material to deposit. The Gcode is sent to the
printer via an SD card or wifi.
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Final Thoughts
3D printing is now more beginner-friendly than it has ever been. In the beginning, many people saw 3D printing as something inaccessible to the major
public, but this sentiment is changing, and for good reason. While it takes practice to perfect your prints and technique, learning how to 3D print is an
attainable skill.
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