08 - Mechanical

MECHANICAL
SPECIFICATION
CONSTRUCTION OF A LEVEL 1 HOSPITAL,

FELIPE ABRIGO MEMORIAL HOSPITAL (FAMH)
Guiuan, Eastern Samar
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. HVAC Commissioning Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 01815
2. Through Penetration and Fire stopping System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 07841
3. Alternative Equipment and Suppliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15007
4. Mechanical General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15010
5. Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15050
6. Motors, Starters, Control Centers and Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15055
7. Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15071
8. Mechanical Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15080
9. Refrigerant Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15183
10. Fuel Oil Storage Tanks, Piping & Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15191
11. DX Split System & Window Type AC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15781
12. Ductwork and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15810
13. Metal Ducts and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15815
14. Axial Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15836
15. AirTerminal Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15840
16. Air Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Section 15861

DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL ACMV Commissioning Requirements SECTION 01815
PART 1 - GENERAL .................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 W ORK INCLUDED ............................................................................................................ 1
1.2 COORDINATION .............................................................................................................. 1
1.3 RELATED W ORK ............................................................................................................. 1
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE ..................................................................................................... 1
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................... 3
2.1 SCHEDULES AND COMPLETION OF INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS ....................................... 3
2.2 RECORD DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................................. 4
2.3 STARTUP ........................................................................................................................ 5
2.4 TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................................................................................ 5
2.5 OPERATION AND TESTING ............................................................................................... 5
2.6 DEMONSTRATION............................................................................................................ 6
2.7 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS ...................................................................... 6
2.8 RECORD DRAWINGS ....................................................................................................... 6
2.9 COMPLETION .................................................................................................................. 6
2.10 SPARE PARTS ................................................................................................................ 6
PART 3 - EXECUTION .............................................................................................................. 7
3.1 COMMISSIONING TESTS .................................................................................................. 7
3.2 POST SUBSTANTIAL PERFORMANCE VISITS ..................................................................... 8
SECTION 01815
ACMV COMMISSIONING REQUIREMENTS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 WORK INCLUDED
A. Comply with the Agreement between the Construction Manager and Trade
Sub-Contractor and all other documents referred to therein.
B. Provide all services, materials and labour required to fully commission the
mechanical systems in accordance with this Section of the Specification.
1.2 COORDINATION
A. Meet the requirements of the General Instructions.
B. Coordinate the work of this Section with all other Divisions to ensure complete
and operational mechanical systems at completion of this work.
C. Appoint a single person as Commissioning Coordinator who shall be

responsible for progressing the commissioning activities of each Division 15
trade. The Commissioning Coordinator shall report to the Commissioning
Manager.
D. Review the design intent of the project and the intended operation of systems
with the Consultant before proceeding with commissioning.
1.3 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15010 – Mechanical General Provisions.
B. Section 15950 – Testing, Adjusting and Balancing.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Comply with CIBSE CODES (Chartered Institution For Building Services

Engineers). Refer to Section 15950 – Testing, Adjusting and Balancing for
more detailed requirements on testing, adjusting, and balancing.
B. The “Employers Representative” may elect to source start-up and handover

by a specialist commissioning company. This commissioning specialists is to
be employed by the Contractor. Supply to the Commissioning Manager, the
following details regarding the proposed firm:
1. Principle representative and qualifications
2. Proposed personnel and relevant project experience
3. Previous similar assignments and references
4. Scope of work to be undertaken
5. Company resources and equipment
. Page 1 of 7
C. Use of a commissioning specialist shall not relieve Division 15 of the

obligation to name one of his own employees as the person responsible for
progressing commissioning, i.e. the Commissioning Coordinator.
Note: All works to be undertaken by the Contractor.
. Page 2 of 7
D. Supply the name, qualifications and experience of the proposed

Commissioning Coordinator upon Project Managers request. Selection shall
be subject to review and the approval of the Consultant. Supply alternative
person(s) when requested by Consultant.
E. The Consultant may, at his discretion, attend and advise in the commissioning
process. Meet Consultant requirements.
F. Hold and attend regular meetings during the commissioning process. Prepare
detailed progress reports to coincide with regular commissioning meetings.
Coordinate with the Commissioning Manager, the preparation and issue of
minutes for each meeting to be circulated to each involved trade, the
Consultant and the Construction Manager representative(s). Minutes shall
highlight action items.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SCHEDULES AND COMPLETION OF INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS
A. Submit to the Consultant, 60 days prior to the scheduled Substantial

Performance, a detailed and comprehensive installation
completion/startup/testing schedule, identifying all trades and suppliers to be
involved. Update the schedule and resubmit for review, on a biweekly basis,
during the course of commissioning. If found to be unacceptable, revise the
schedule and the construction forces to suit the reviewed schedule. This
schedule shall include, but is not limited to the following items:
1. Installation and testing of Refrigerant Piping systems. Very strict

compliance to manufacturer’s recommendations is required with
regards to quality of workmanship and testing procedures for
refrigerant piping works such as pipe covering, flushing, air-tightness
of soldered, flared and flanged joints, vacuum drying and nitrogen
replacement. This is to ensure that no moisture and dirt is left inside
the pipe and guarantee no refrigerant leaks.
2. Installation, leak testing and cleaning of duct systems.
3. Control system wiring
4. Air balancing
5. Electrical service connections
6. Equipment suppliers pre-start checkout of the equipment installations,

including controls.
7. Start up of various pieces of equipment and systems.
8. Operational testing of system components.
9. Performance testing of equipment and systems.
10. Acceptance testing of equipment installations and system, by

authorities having jurisdiction and Contractor's insurance company
. Page 3 of 7
11. Troubleshooting
12. Calibration of controls and point checkout
13. Control software set-up and checkout including seasonal and

response checkout of operating sequences, PID optimization
14. Emergency system checkout
15. Fire alarm and control system interfacing
16. Submittal of completed equipment and system checkout sheets
17. Demonstration of systems and equipment
18. Maintenance manual preparation and submittal
19. Operator training program
20. Record documentation submittal
2.2 RECORD DOCUMENTATION
A. Prepare record documentation for each equipment installation covering:
1. Equipment identification and supplier
2. Shop Drawing submittal, review, production release, and delivery

dates
3. Dates for completion of all work required to prepare for equipment

installation
4. Dates for equipment installation, supplier pre-start checkout and

system availability for start-up
5. Dates for equipment start-up, performance testing, proposal for

temporary use, acceptance testing, demonstration, turnover and
warranty start/finish
B. Submit proposed record sheets and procedures to Consultant for review,

when requested by the Contractor.
C. List all specialist personnel and equipment required for the test and ensure
that these are available by the test date.
D. Provide documentation of the commissioning process for inclusion into the

maintenance manuals. These are to include checkout sheets, equipment data
sheets, start-up certificates from suppliers involved in start-up, documentation
concerning demonstration to the Contractor. Include all record and result
sheets form commissioning tests.
E. Maintain a log of key operating parameters, problems encountered, solutions
employed and verification of effectiveness of solutions. Include log in
maintenance manuals.
. Page 4 of 7
F. Refer to example documentation available from Construction manager's

representative. Meet or exceed this level of reporting.
2.3 STARTUP
A. Coordinate and supervise the start-up of the various pieces of equipment and
systems. Utilize the start-up services of the manufacturer's representative.
Ensure that the equipment is operating in a satisfactory manner. Including,
but not necessary limited to the following:
1. Direction of rotation
2. Grease and lubricants
3. Noise, if deemed to be a problem
4. Seals
5. Alignment of fan drives by a millwright
6. Piping connections and safeties
7. Electrical amp draw, starting inrush current and trip/heater settings
B. Refer to Section 15010 – Mechanical General Provision requirements for

Temporary Services and Temporary and Trial Use.
2.4 TROUBLESHOOTING
A. Resolve inter Division coordination problems.
B. Where problems become apparent during the commissioning process, identify

and resolve these problems. The basic functions in troubleshooting are:
1. What - identification and definition of the problem
2. Why - determination and evaluation of the causes
3. When - determine the time available to resolve the problem
4. Involve the designing authority in the review of the problem and

proposed resolution
5. Coordinate remedial action with the appropriate parties
6. Evaluate the effectiveness of the remedial action
7. Record the problem, cause, remedial action and result
2.5 OPERATION AND TESTING
A. Refer to Section 15010 - Mechanical General Provision for Inspection, Testing

and Certificates.
. Page 5 of 7
B. Test the operation of the individual components and systems. Go through

each step of the sequence of operation and verify that each component
operates correctly. Direct and ensure that all trades involved make the
required changes and adjustments to effect the proper operation of all
components and systems. Meet commissioning test requirements.
C. Document operation and testing.
D. Carry out operational tests for the current season and simulate operation of
summer, winter and intermediate seasons.
2.6 DEMONSTRATION
A. Demonstrate to the Contractor the proper operation of all equipment and

systems supplied under this Division. Demonstrations shall occur only after
the operation and testing has been successfully completed. Ensure that
Trade Sub-Contractor and equipment suppliers participate in the
demonstration as required.
B. Refer to Section 15010 - Mechanical General Provision for Instruction to

Contractors.
2.7 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS
A. Refer to Section - 15010 Mechanical General Provision.
B. Coordinate the manual provision with Consultant prepared Operation and

Maintenance Manual, if available.
2.8 RECORD DRAWINGS
A. Refer to Section 15010 - Mechanical General Provision.
2.9 COMPLETION
A. Refer to Section 15010 - Mechanical General Provision.
2.10 SPARE PARTS
A. Provide a list of spare parts, special tools, lubricants, etc. for each item of
equipment which has been purchased as part of the Contract.
B. Provide a listing of recommended spare parts for all equipment installed under
Division 15, to cover a period from Substantial Completion to Warranty end.
C. Provide at minimum, the following information for recommended spare parts:
1. Manufacturer's name, address, phone and fax numbers
2. Manufacturer's part name, part number, unit price, lead time, shelf life
3. Quantity recommended for 1 year
4. Alternative suppliers of compatible parts, including local supplier

name, address, phone and fax numbers
. Page 6 of 7
D. Submit preliminary list of spare parts and tools to Contractor at least 30 days
prior to intended system handover to Contractor. The Contractor reserves the
right to add to, reduce or omit entirely, the recommendations contained on
these lists.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 COMMISSIONING TESTS
3.1.1 Refer to Section 15950 - Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing.
3.2 ACMV SYSTEM
A. Verify readings, calibration and set-up of sensors and equipment, including,

but not necessary limited to checking the following:
1. Temperature sensors
2. Air flow switches
3. Status switches
4. Pressure gauges and gauge connection utilization
. Page 7 of 7
5. Control damper positioning, including tightness when closed and full

open/balance position
6. Alarm contacts
B. Verify correct sensors are reporting accurately to the distributed field panels
and operator workstation.
C. Operate each major equipment. Verify and correct the following if required:
1. Start/stop from the terminal

2. Correct open/close and modulation procedures with valves and
dampers
3. Stable operation of controls under normal conditions and with changes

in air/refrigerant/on/off conditions
4. Trend logs operation indication
5. Piping, sensor and unit installation
6. Filters for return air.
7. Drain pan operation and trap priming
D. Verify duct cleaning, air balancing and air pattern adjustments.
E. Verify access to each fire damper.
F. Verify that all cooling coil drain pans and condensate piping operate.
3.3 OTHER SERVICES
A. Demonstrate access to all valves, equipment and components for servicing.
B. Coordinate with Division 16, a power failure test with emergency generator
start-up.
1. Miscellaneous equipment on emergency power, with Division 16.
2. Stability of control equipment with start-up power surge
3. Controls system recovery
C. Verify the operation of all other equipment provided by Division 15.
D. Verify that interfacing to the work of other Divisions results in complete and
operational systems.
3.4 POST SUBSTANTIAL PERFORMANCE VISITS
A. Visit the site and the Contractor's representative each month after Substantial
. Page 8 of 7
Performance for a minimum period of two days until the end of the project
warranty period.
B. Review the operation of the system.
C. Correct any operating problems, if problem is related to warranty issues.
D. Prepare a report for the Consultant and Construction Manager for inclusion in
the Operating Manuals of the problems and issues that have arisen and the
corrective action(s) recommended and implement.
END OF SECTION
. Page 9 of 7
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Through Penetration Firestopping Systems SECTION 07841
PART 1- GENERAL ................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 DELIVERY AND STORAGE ............................................................................................................. 1
1.4 GUARANTEE ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE .................................................................................................................. 1
1.6 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS ......................................................................................................... 1
PART 2 – PRODUCTS ........................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 FIRESTOP SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 SMOKE STOPPING IN SMOKE PARTITIONS..................................................................................... 3
PART 3 – EXECUTION .......................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 EXAMINATION.............................................................................................................................. 3
3.2 PREPARATION ............................................................................................................................. 3
3.3 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................. 3
3.4 CLEAN-UP AND ACCEPTANCE OF W ORK ....................................................................................... 3
SECTION 07841
THROUGH PENETRATION FIRESTOPPING SYSTEMS
PART 1- GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Closures of openings in walls, floors, and roof decks against penetration of flame,
heat, and smoke or gases in fire resistant rated construction.
B. Closure of openings in walls against penetration of gases or smoke in smoke

partitions.
1.2 SUBMITTALS
A. All submittals shall be certified and approved by the manufacturer’s representative

prior to submission to the Consultant.
B. Manufacturer’s literature, data, and installation instructions for types of firestopping

and smoke stopping used.
C. List of FM, UL, or WH classification number of systems installed.
D. Certified laboratory test reports for ASTM E 814 tests for systems not listed by FM,
UL, or WH proposed for use.
E. Acceptable Manufacturers: Refer to Section 15007
1.3 DELIVERY AND STORAGE
A. Deliver materials in their original unopened containers with manufacturer’s name and
product identification.
B. Store in a location providing protection from damage and exposure to the elements.
1.4 GUARANTEE
Firestopping work subject to the terms of the Article GUARANTY except extend the guaranty
period to five years.
FM. UL, or WH or other approved laboratory tested products will be acceptable.
1.6 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS
The Publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced.
Publications are referenced in the text by the basic designation only.
A. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
ASTM E84- Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
ASTM E814- Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
Page 1 of 4
B. Factory Mutual Engineering and Research Corporation (FM):
Annual Issue Approval Guide Building Materials
C. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL):
UL 1479 - Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
Annual Issue Building Materials Directory
Annual Issue Fire Resistance Directory
D. Warnock Hersey (WH):
Annual Issue Certification Listings
PART 2 – PRODUCTS
2.1 FIRESTOP SYSTEMS
A. Use either factory built (Firestop Devices) or field erected through-Penetration

(Firestop Systems) to form a specific building system maintaining required integrity of
the fire barrier and stop the passage of gases of smoke.
B. Through-Penetration firestop systems and firestop devices tested in accordance with

ASTM E814 or UL 1479 using the “F” or “T” rating to maintain the same rating and
integrity as the fire barrier being sealed. “T” ratings are not required for penetrations
smaller than or equal to 100 mm (4 in) nominal pipe or 0.01 m² (16 sq.in) in overall
cross sectional area.
C. Products requiring heat activation to seal an opening by its intumescences shall

exhibit a demonstrated ability to function as designed to maintain the fire barrier.
D. Firestop sealants used for firestopping or smoke sealing shall have following
properties:
1. Contain no flammable or toxic solvents.
2. Have no dangerous or flammable outgassing during the drying or curing of

products.
3. Water-resistant after drying or curing and unaffected by high humidity,

condensation or transient water exposure.
4. When used in exposed areas, shall be capable of being sanded and finished
with similar surface treatments as used on the surrounding wall or floor
surface.
E. Firestopping system or devices used for penetrations by glass pipe, plastic pipe or
conduits, unenclosed cables, or other non-metallic materials shall have following
properties:
1. Classified for used with the particular type of penetrating material used.
2. Penetrations containing loose electrical cables, computer data cables and

communications cables protected using firestopping systems that allow
unrestricted cable changes without damage to the seal.
Page 2 of 4
3. Intumescent products which would expand to seal the opening and act as
fire, smoke, toxic fumes, and, water sealant.
F. Maximum flame spread of 25 and smoke development of 50 when tested in

accordance with ASTM E84.
G. FM, UL, or WH rated or tested by an approved laboratory in accordance with ASTM

E814.
H. Materials to be asbestos free.
2.2 SMOKE STOPPING IN SMOKE PARTITIONS
A. Use silicone sealant in smoke partitions as specified in Section 3 Part 9, Adhesives,

Caulking , Sealants and Fasteners.
B. Use mineral fiber filler and bond breaker behind sealant.
C. Sealants shall have a maximum flame spread of 25 and smoke developed of 50 when
tested in accordance with E84.
D. When used in exposed areas capable of being sanded and finished with similar
surface treatments as used on the surrounding wall or floor surface.
PART 3 – EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
Submit product data and installation instructions, as required by article, submittals, after an on
site examination of areas to receive firestopping.
3.2 PREPARATION
A. Remove dirt, grease, oil, loose materials, or other substances that prevent adherence
and bonding or application of the firestopping or smoke stopping materials.
B. Remove insulation on insulated pipe for a distance of 150 mm (six inches) on either
side of the fire rated assembly prior to applying the firestopping materials unless the
firestopping materials are tested and approved for use on insulated pipes.
3.3 INSTALLATION
A. Do not begin work until the specified material data and installation instructions of the
proposed firestopping systems have been submitted and approved.
B. Install firestopping systems with smoke stopping in accordance with FM, UL, WH, or
other approved system details and installation instructions.
C. Install smoke stopping seals in smoke partitions.
3.4 CLEAN-UP AND ACCEPTANCE OF WORK
A. As work on each floor is completed, remove materials, litter, and debris.
B. Do not move materials and equipment to the next-scheduled work area until
completed work is inspected and accepted by the Resident Engineer.
Page 3 of 4
C. Clean up spills of liquid type materials.
D. Contractor’s Installation of all firestopping materials and products shall be closely

supervised by manufacturer’s representative.
E. Regular inspection shall be done by the manufacturer’s representative to ascertain

that the works are being done according to the design intent. A copy of the inspection
report with all its findings and recommendations including the corrective works
implemented shall be forwarded to the Consultant on regular basis.
END OF SECTION
Page 4 of 4
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods SECTION 15050
PART 1 - GENERAL ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 W ORK INCLUDED ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF MECHANICAL SERVICES .................................................................................. 1
1.4 PIPE AND DUCTWORK IDENTIFICATION .......................................................................................... 1
1.5 VALVE TAGS ............................................................................................................................... 2
1.6 EQUIPMENT NAMEPLATES............................................................................................................ 2
1.7 CONTROLS IDENTIFICATION.......................................................................................................... 2
1.8 FLOW DIAGRAMS ........................................................................................................................ 2
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 3
2.1 INSERTS ..................................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 PIPE AND EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS AND RESTRAINTS ...................................................................... 3
2.3 PIPING ISOLATION ....................................................................................................................... 6
2.4 EQUIPMENT RIGGING SUPPORTS ................................................................................................. 7
2.5 SLEEVES, W ALL AND FLOOR PLATES ........................................................................................... 7
2.6 PROVISION FOR PIPE EXPANSION, CONTRACTION AND BUILDING SHRINKAGE.................................. 7
2.7 DRAINS ...................................................................................................................................... 8
2.8 ACCESS DOORS AND PANELS ...................................................................................................... 8
2.9 FLASHING .................................................................................................................................. 8
2.10 CURBS ....................................................................................................................................... 9
2.11 CONCRETE ................................................................................................................................. 9
2.12 COVERS (BY OTHER DIVISIONS) .................................................................................................... 9
2.13 STEEL ........................................................................................................................................ 9
2.14 BELT DRIVES ............................................................................................................................ 10
2.15 DRIVE GUARDS ......................................................................................................................... 11
2. 16 FIRESTOPPING .......................................................................................................................... 11
2.17 TOOLS AND LUBRICANTS ........................................................................................................... 11
PART 3 - EXECUTION ......................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL ....................................................................................................... 12
3.2 PIPE, DUCT AND EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ................................................................................ 12
3.3 CONNECTIONS TO EQUIPMENT ................................................................................................... 13
3.4 INSERTS ................................................................................................................................... 14
3.5 HANGERS ................................................................................................................................. 14
3.6 SLEEVES, W ALL PLATES, FLOOR PLATES ................................................................................... 16
3.7 PROVISION FOR PIPE EXPANSION, CONTRACTION AND BUILDING SHRINKAGE................................ 17
3.8 PIPE GUIDES AND ANCHORS ...................................................................................................... 17
3.9 PAINTING .................................................................................................................................. 17
3.10 MOTOR AND DRIVE ALIGNMENT.................................................................................................. 18
3.11 LUBRICATION ............................................................................................................................ 18
3.12 STARTUP AND TEMPORARY OPERATION ..................................................................................... 18
3.13 OPERATING AND PERFORMANCE TESTS ..................................................................................... 18
SECTION 15050
BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 WORK INCLUDED
A. Comply with Division 1, General Requirements and all documents referred to therein.
B. Provide all labour, materials, products, equipment and services to supply and install
the basic mechanical materials indicated on the Drawings and specified in Division 15
of these Specifications.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15010 – Mechanical General Provisions.
B. Section 07841 – Through Penetration Firestopping Systems.
C. Section 15071 – Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls.
D. Section 15080 – Mechanical Insulation.
E. Section 15900 – HVAC Instrumentation and Controls.
1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF MECHANICAL SERVICES
A. Identify all mechanical services after finish painting is complete.
B. Use terminology consistent - with the Drawings and Specifications
C. Identify lay-in type acoustic ceilings used for access to equipment and components by
a method acceptable to Consultant.
D. Mark valve and equipment identification on Record Drawings.
E. Provide typewritten master lists for each Equipment Room. Frame under glass.
Insert copies in Operating and Maintenance Instruction Manuals.
1.4 PIPE AND DUCTWORK IDENTIFICATION
A. Provide SMS Wrap-Mark on all pipe coverings, using Wrap-Mark pipe markers with
flow arrow and alternating wording. For outside diameters up to 150 mm, allow
marker to completely wrap pipe. For larger outside diameters, secure markers with
stainless steel springs. Secure markers on vertical piping and elsewhere where
markers could be inadvertently moved.
B. Use stencils and stencil paint on ductwork or ductwork insulation. Apply solid black
capitalized lettering 50 mm high and solid black flow arrows 150 mm long x 50 mm
wide.
C. Locate identification and flow arrows so they can be seen clearly from floor and
service platforms:
1. at least once in each room
2. at each piece of equipment
3. at each branch close to connection point to main piping and ductwork
. Page 1 of 18
4. at not greater than intervals of 15 metres on straight runs of exposed piping

and ductwork
5. at entry and leaving point to pipe and duct chases, or other concealed spaces
6. both sides where piping and ductwork passes through walls, partitions and
floors
7. on vertical pipes and ducts approximately 1800 mm above floor
8. behind each access door and panel
9. at valves, identify piping upstream of valves and identify branch, equipment,

building part or building serviced downstream of valve
D. Colour code pipes meeting code International Standards and Owner’s requirements.
At minimum, colour code pipes with 50 mm wide bands in accordance with the detail
shown on the drawings. The Contractor is to submit the proposed colour coding of
pipes for approval.
1.5 VALVE TAGS
A. Provide 40 mm dia., 1 mm thick brass tags with 10mm high die-stamped black letters.
B. Attach to valves with 100 mm long brass chains.
C. Tag all valves except for small valves isolating a single piece of equipment such as a
air handling units, fan coil unit, primary air units and VRV/split ac units.
1.6 EQUIPMENT NAMEPLATES
A. Identify equipment, starters, and, remote control devices in a manner consistent with
the Drawings.
B. Use solid black capitalized lettering 100 mm high.
C. Where equipment size does not permit stencil identification, use lamacoid labels,
engraved white on black, mechanically fastened to the equipment. Minimum lettering
size 10 mm.
1.7 CONTROLS IDENTIFICATION
A. Meet Section 15900 requirements.
1.8 FLOW DIAGRAMS
A. Prepare neat diagrams 1200 mm x 900 mm of piping systems to identify equipment

and valves.
B. Insert legible page size copies into each Operating and Maintenance Manual.
C. Install diagrams, framed under glass, on Equipment Room walls where directed by
Owner.
. Page 2 of 18
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 INSERTS
A. Submit proposed materials and methods for cast-in-place inserts.
B. Where inserts must be placed after concrete is poured, use Phillips Red Head
Multiset II Anchor system or equivalent Hilti System.
2.2 PIPE AND EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS AND RESTRAINTS
A. Vibration Isolators: Refer to Section 15071.
B. In lieu of the paragraph which follow, suspended equipment support and restraints
may be designed and installed in accordance with the National Uniform Seismic
Installation Guidelines (NUSIG), most current edition. Submittals based on either the
NUSIG guidelines or the following paragraphs of this Section shall be stamped and
signed by a professional. Support of suspended equipment over 227kg (500 pounds)
shall be submitted for approval of the Consultant in all cases. See paragraph 2.2.M for
lateral force design requirements.
C. Supports For Roof Mounted Items:
1. Equipment: Equipment rails shall be hot dipped galvanized steel, minimum

1.3 mm (18 gauge), with integral baseplate, continuous welded corner seams,
factory installed 50 mm by 100 mm (2 by 4) treated wood nailer, 1.3 mm (18
gauge) galvanized steel counter flashing cap with screws, built-in cant strip,
(except for gypsum or tectum deck), minimum height 280 mm (11 inches).
For surface insulated roof deck, provide raised cant strip to start at the upper
surface of the insulation.
2. Pipe/duct pedestals: Provide a hot dipped galvanized unistrut channel welded

to U-shaped mounting brackets which are secured to side of rail with
galvanized lag bolts.
D. Type Numbers Specified: MSS SP-58. For selection and application refer to MSS
SP-69. Refer to Section 19 Part 4,for miscellaneous metal support materials and
prime coat painting.
E. For Attachment to Concrete Construction:
1. Concrete insert: Type 18, MSS SP-58.
2. Self-drilling expansion shields and machine bolt expansion anchors: Fed.

Spec. FF-S-325, permitted in concrete not less than 102 mm (four inches)
thick. Applied load shall not exceed one-fourth the proof test load listed in
Fed. Spec. FF-S-325.
3. Power-driven fasteners: Permitted in existing concrete or masonry not less

than 102 mm (four inches) thick when approved by the Consultant for each
job condition. Applied load shall not exceed one-fourth the proof test load
listed in Fed. Spec. FF-S-325.
F. For Attachment to Steel Construction: MSS SP-58.
1. Welded attachment: Type 22.
2. Beam clamps: Types 20, 21, 28 or 29. Type 23 C-clamp may be used for
individual copper tubing up to 23mm (7/8-inch) outside diameter.
. Page 3 of 18
G. Attachment to Metal Pan or Deck: As required for materials specified in Section 19

Part 2 and Section 19 Part 3.
H. For Attachment to Wood Construction: Wood screws or lag bolts.
I. Hanger Rods: Hot-rolled steel, ASTM A36 or A575 for allowable load listed in MSS
SP-58. For piping, provide adjustment means for controlling level or slope. Types 13
or 15 turn-buckles shall provide 38 mm (1-1/2 inches) minimum of adjustment and
incorporate locknuts. All-thread rods are acceptable.
J. Multiple (Trapeze) Hangers: Galvanized, cold formed, lipped steel channel horizontal
member, not less than 41mm by 41mm (1-5/8 inches by 1-5/8 inches), 2.7 mm (No.
12 gage), designed to accept special spring held, hardened steel nuts. Not permitted
for steam supply and condensate piping.
1. Allowable hanger load: Manufacturers rating less 91kg ( 200 pounds).
2. Guide individual pipes on the horizontal member of every other trapeze

hanger with 6 mm (1/4-inch) U-bolt fabricated from steel rod. Provide Type 40
insulation shield, secured by two 13mm (1/2-inch) galvanized steel bands, or
preinsulated calcium silicate shield for insulated piping at each hanger.
K. Pipe Hangers and Supports: (MSS SP-58), use hangers sized to encircle insulation on
insulated piping. Refer to Section 15080, for insulation thickness. To protect
insulation, provide Type 39 saddles for roller type supports or preinsulated calcium
silicate shields. Provide Type 40 insulation shield or preinsulated calcium silicate
shield at all other types of supports and hangers including those for preinsulated
piping.
1. General Types (MSS SP-58):
a. Standard clevis hanger: Type 1; provide locknut.
b. Riser clamps: Type 8.
c. Wall brackets: Types 31, 32 or 33.
d. Roller supports: Type 41, 43, 44 and 46.
e. Saddle support: Type 36, 37 or 38.
f. Turnbuckle: Types 13 or 15. preinsulate
g. U-bolt clamp: Type 24.
h. Copper Tube:
1) Hangers, clamps and other support material in contact with

tubing shall be painted with copper colored epoxy paint,
plastic coated or taped with non adhesive isolation tape to
prevent electrolysis.
2) For vertical runs use epoxy painted or plastic coated riser

clamps.
3) For supporting tube to strut: Provide epoxy painted pipe

straps for copper tube or plastic inserted vibration isolation
clamps.
4) Insulated Lines: Provide pre-insulated calcium silicate shields

sized for copper tube.
. Page 4 of 18
i. Supports for plastic or glass piping: As recommended by the pipe

manufacturer with black rubber tape extending (25 mm) one inch
beyond steel support or clamp.
2. HVAC Piping (Other Than General Types):
a. Medium and high pressure steam: (Not Applicable)
Spring Supports (Expansion and contraction of vertical piping):
1) Movement up to 20 mm (3/4-inch): Type 51 or 52 variable

spring unit with integral turn buckle and load indicator.
2) Movement more than 20 mm (3/4-inch): Type 54 or 55

constant support unit with integral adjusting nut, turn buckle
and travel position indicator.
3. Convertor and Expansion Tank Hangers (Where Required): May be Type 1

sized for the shell diameter. Insulation where required will cover the hangers.
4. Plumbing Piping (Other Than General Types):
a. Horizontal piping: Type 1, 5, 7, 9, and 10.
b. Chrome plated piping: Chrome plated supports.
c. Hangers and supports in pipe chase: Prefabricated system ABS

self-extinguishing material, not subject to electrolytic action, to hold
piping, prevent vibration and compensate for all static and operational
conditions.
d. Blocking, stays and bracing: Angle iron or preformed metal channel

shapes, 1.3 mm (18 gage) minimum.
L. Pre-insulated Calcium Silicate Shields (Where Required):
1. Provide 360 degree water resistant high density 965 kPa (140 psi)
compressive strength calcium silicate shields encased in galvanized metal.
2. Pre-insulated calcium silicate shields to be installed at the point of support

during erection.
3. Shield thickness shall match the pipe insulation.
4. The type of shield is selected by the temperature of the pipe, the load it must
carry, and the type of support it will be used with.
a. Shields for supporting chilled or cold water shall have insulation that
extends a minimum of one (1 inch) 25 mm, past the sheet metal.
Provide for an adequate vapor barrier in chilled lines.
b. The pre-insulated calcium silicate shield shall support the maximum

allowable water filled span as indicated in MSS-SP 69. To support the
load, the shields may have one or more of the following features:
structural inserts 4138 kPa (600 psi) compressive strength, an extra
bottom metal shield, or formed structural steel (ASTM A36) wear
plates welded to the bottom sheet metal jacket.
5. Shields may be used on steel clevis hanger type supports, roller supports or
flat surfaces.
. Page 5 of 18
M. Seismic Restraint of Piping:
1. Design criteria is as follows:
a. Piping resiliently supported: 120 percent of the weight of the systems

and components and contents.
b. Piping not resiliently supported: 60 percent of the weight of the

system components and contents.
c. Except as noted above, meet the more severe requirements of the

Local Code and the latest Uniform Building Code for determining
seismic force Fp.
2. Provide one of the following options:
a. Design and installation to meet the criteria listed above, and meet
requirements of the latest Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning
Contractors National Association (SMACNA), Seismic Restraint
Manual Guidelines for Mechanical Systems for the prescribed
Seismic Hazard Level (SHL).
b. Design and installation to meet the criteria listed above, and meet the
most current requirements of the National Uniform Seismic
Installation Guidelines (NUSIG). Contractor shall submit all design
tables and information for the design force levels, stamped and
signed by a professional engineer registered in the place where
project is located.
c. Where SMACNA or NUSIG requirements are not met completely,

submit proposed alternate details and calculations to completely
address seismic bracing requirements. Such designs shall use more
severe of the Local Code and the Uniform Building Code
requirements for determining seismic forces, and be performed,
stamped and signed by a professional engineer. Revise if necessary
any details shown on the contract drawings for vertical support and
lateral bracing, and submit for the approval of the Consultant to meet
the design criteria listed above.
2.3 PIPING ISOLATION
A. GENERAL:
1. All chilled water, condenser water, flue gas, and other piping within
mechanical rooms or within 50 feet total pipe length (whichever is longer) of
connected vibration-isolated equipment (chillers, pumps, air handling units,
etc.) and all of the above piping that is 12 inches or larger shall be isolated
from the building structure by means of vibration-isolation mounts, resilient
pipe guides, and resilient penetration sleeve/seals.
2. Spring isolators shall be selected for a static deflection, under load of not less
than I inch Unit SLRS or 30N isolators (whichever is applicable to the
mounting condition) shall be used.
3. Where lateral support of pipe risers is required within the specified limits, this
shall be accomplished by use of resilient lateral supports.
4. Pipes within the specified limits that penetrate the building construction shall
be isolated from the building structure by use of resilient penetrating
sleeve/seals.
. Page 6 of 18
5. Drain piping connected to vibration-isolated equipment shall not contact the

building structure or other non-isolated system unless it is resiliently mounted
as described above.
2.4 EQUIPMENT RIGGING SUPPORTS
A. Provide eyebolts suitable for block and tackle connection, adequately supported by
the structure above for:
1. Pumps
2. Large Fans
3. Motors
4. Fan Coil Units
5. Air Handlers
6. Cooling Towers
5. Other equipment which will require block and tackle handling
2.5 SLEEVES, WALL AND FLOOR PLATES
A. Use machine cut and reamed standard weight steel piping. Pipe sleeves 200 mm and
larger shall have minimum 6 mm wall thickness.
B. Concealed perimeter risers and runouts may have sleeves of 1.31 mm galvanized
steel set around section of insulation to provide freedom of movement of piping.
Extend 50 mm above finished floor level.
C. For piping through exterior walls, cooperate with the waterproofing trade at all times,
and do not break any waterproofing seal without consent of the waterproofing trade.
Provide waterproof link seals as detailed on Drawings.
D. Provide leak plates where pipe sleeves pass through exterior building walls. Each
leak plate shall be a 3.42 mm steel plate, welded to the sleeve, 100 mm diameter
greater than sleeve outside diameter.
E. Provide 1.31 mm galvanized steel duct sleeves. Provide adequate bracing for support
of sleeves during concrete and masonry work. For fire rated floors and walls, build
fire damper assemblies into structure to attain fire rated construction, in a manner
acceptable to the governing authorities.
F. Cover pipe sleeves in walls and ceilings of finished areas, other than Equipment
Rooms, with satin finish stainless steel, or satin finish chrome or nickel plated brass
escutcheons, with non-ferrous set screws. Do not use stamped steel split plates.
Split cast plates with screw locks, however, may be used.
G. Cover exposed duct sleeves in finished areas with 1.31 mm galvanized steel plates in
the form of duct collars. Fix in position with non-ferrous metal screws.
2.6 PROVISION FOR PIPE EXPANSION, CONTRACTION AND BUILDING SHRINKAGE
A. Where space limitations do not permit the use of expansion loops or offsets, provide
expansion joint equal Mason or Honeywell Expansion Joints properly selected for
system operating pressures according to the following:
1. For piping up to and including 65 mm, select ends to suit specified pipe
fittings. Pressure shall be external to the bellows. Pressure ratings for Model
H and HB expansion compensated as 1400 kPa and 1050 kPa.
2. Steel Piping – Honeywell expansion compensator with two ply stainless steel
bellows.
. Page 7 of 18
3. Copper Piping – Honeywell expansion compensator with two ply below, all
bronze construction.
4. For piping 75 mm and above, use flanged ends.
5. Steel Piping - Honeywell controlled, flexing expansion joint with stainless steel
pressure carrier, flanged ends.
6. Copper Piping - Honeywell controlled, flexing expansion joint with monel

pressure carrier, and brass flanged ends.
B. Submit for Consultant review prior to installation, drawings showing the location of
expansion joints, anchors and guides. Show details of proposed connection to
structure and loads to be imposed.
C. Recognize that the concrete structure will shrink. Design risers with sufficient
flexibility. Consult with structural engineer to determine the degree of flexibility.
2.7 DRAINS
A. Provide minimum 20 mm ball valve with hose end adapter, metal cap and chain at all
low points of all systems. Locate to allow easy connection of hose.
B. Provide 40 mm minimum size drains from ductwork connected to intake hoods and
wall louvers. Equip drains with deep seal traps. Locate traps in heated areas.
C. Provide 20 mm valves with metal caps and chains at the base of all pipe risers. Install
hose end ball valve in conjunction with 450 mm minimum length full line size dirt leg.
2.8 ACCESS DOORS AND PANELS
A. Provide access to concealed mechanical equipment and components which require

inspection, adjustment, repair and preventive maintenance. Install systems and
components to result in a minimum number of access doors and panels. Install
equipment and components in locations readily accessible through doors and panels.
B. Supply for installation by other Contractors, doors, panels and frames. Ensure that
access doors and panels are properly located.
C. Coordinate requirements for all access doors and panels to suit Architectural finishes
and large enough to provide adequate access to equipment and components.
D. Check and coordinate Architect’s provision of access doors and panels with a fire
rating required by the code governing the fire rating of the structure.
E. In tile walls, and washroom walls, supply minimum 2.78 mm Type 304 stainless steel
with #4 finish, with recessed frame secured with stainless steel countersunk flush
head screws.
F. For all other surfaces, supply minimum 2.66 mm welded steel, flush type with
concealed hinges, lock and anchor strap, and factory prime coat finish.
2.9 FLASHING
A. Flashing will be carried out under each trade for roof curbs shown on their drawings.
B. Provide flashing for pipe openings or pre-manufactured roof curbs.
. Page 8 of 18
C. Carry out all counterflashing for roof mounted mechanical equipment and for pipes
and ducts passing through roof. Fit counterflashing over flashing or curb. Pitch
pockets are not acceptable.
2.10 CURBS
A. Curbs required for Division 15 work will be carried out under each trade.
B. Arrange and pay for Division 3 or Division 5 to provide other curbs and reinforcing
steel required for Division 15.
C. Pre-manufactured curbs for mechanical equipment mounted on roof will be supplied

by equipment manufacturer and they are specified under other Sections of this
Division.
D. Curbs are required for roof mounted equipment, around ducts passing through roof
and surrounding holes where groups of pipes and/or ducts pass through Equipment
Room floors, Kitchens and similar areas where water dams are required.
E. Provide roof curbs at least 300 mm above finished roof, unless exceeded by
Architectural considerations.
F. Provide concrete curbs around holes in Equipment Room floors, extending at least
150 mm above finished floor. Make watertight connection between curb and floor.
G. Fill spaces between curbs and pipes and ducts with firestopping material similar to
“Rectorseal” or equal. Caulk watertight with manufacturer’s recommended fire
resistant waterproof compound.
2.11 CONCRETE
A. Coordinate with Division 3 provision of 100 mm concrete housekeeping pads under all
floor mounted mechanical equipment and supports. Extend pads over the full
equipment base and isolator area.
B. Concrete work, including housekeeping pads, required for Division 15 work and
shown on the Structural or Architectural Drawings will be provided by Division 3.
2.12 COVERS (BY OTHER DIVISIONS)
A. Supply frames for installation by Division 3.
B. Provide covers for pits and sumps.
C. Provide gas tight gaskets for sewage pits.
D. Trench gratings will be provided by Division 5.
2.13 STEEL
A. Provide steel required for Division 15 work including supports, framing of openings
and lintels over openings that is not shown on Structural or Architectural Drawings.
B. Provide steel of adequate strength to support equipment and materials during all
operating and test conditions.
C. Support suspended equipment from the bottom or from manufacturer's designated

suspension points. Support tanks and similar equipment with adequate beam
strength by saddles with curvature to match the equipment. Continuously support
other equipment.
. Page 9 of 18
D. Provide base supports for all pipe risers. Design to distribute operating and static
loads to meet Consultant requirements.
E. Fabricate steel supports in contact with water or humidity conditions from materials
having approved corrosion resistance or galvanize after fabrication or brush welds
clean and apply a prime coat of rust inhibiting paint.
2.14 BELT DRIVES
A. Type: ANSI/RMA standard V-belts with proper motor pulley and driven sheave. Belts
shall be constructed of reinforced cord and rubber.
B. Dimensions, rating and selection standards: ANSI/RMA IP-20 and IP-21.
C. Minimum Horsepower Rating: Motor horsepower plus recommended ANSI/RMA

service factor (not less than 20 percent) in addition to the ANSI/RMA allowances for
pitch diameter, center distance, and arc of contact.
D. Maximum Speed: 25 m/s (5000 feet per minute).
E. Adjustment Provisions: For alignment and ANSI/RMA standard allowances for

installation and take-up.
F. Drives may utilize a single V-Belt (any cross section) when it is the manufacturer's
standard.
G. Multiple Belts: Matched to ANSI/RMA specified limits by measurement on a belt

measuring fixture. Seal matched sets together to prevent mixing or partial loss of sets.
Replacement, when necessary, shall be an entire set of new matched belts.
H. Sheaves and Pulleys:
1. Material: Pressed steel, or close grained cast iron.
2. Bore: Fixed or bushing type for securing to shaft with keys.
3. Balanced: Statically and dynamically.
4. Groove spacing for driving and driven pulleys shall be the same.
5. Minimum Diameter of V-Belt Sheaves (ANSI/RMA recommendations) in

millimeters and inches:
Fractional Horsepower Standard High Capacity
Cross Min. od Cross Min. od Cross Min. od

Section mm (in) Section mm (in) Section mm (in)
2L 20 (0.8) A 83 (3.25) 3V 67 (2.65)
3L 38 (1.5) B 146 (5.75) 4V 180 (7.10)
4L 64 (2.5) C 239 (9.40) 5V 318 (12.50)
5L 89 (3.5) D 345 (13.60)
E 554 (21.80)
. Page 10 of 18
I. Drive Types, Based on ARI 435:
1. Provide adjustable-pitch or fixed-pitch drive as follows:
a. Fan speeds up to 1800 RPM: 7.5 kW (10 horsepower) and smaller.
b. Fan speeds over 1800 RPM: 2.2 kW (3 horsepower) and smaller.
2. Provide fixed-pitch drives for drives larger than those listed above.
3. The final fan speeds required to just meet the system CFM and pressure
requirements, without throttling, shall be determined by adjustment of a
temporary adjustable-pitch motor sheave or by fan law calculation if a
fixed-pitch drive is used initially.
2.15 DRIVE GUARDS
A. For machinery and equipment, provide guards as shown in AMCA 410 for belts,
chains, couplings, pulleys, sheaves, shafts, gears and other moving parts regardless
of height above the floor. Drive guards may be excluded where motors and drives are
inside factory fabricated air handling unit casings.
B. Materials: Sheet steel, cast iron, expanded metal or wire mesh rigidly secured so as to
be removable without disassembling pipe, duct, or electrical connections to
equipment.
C. Access for Speed Measurement: 25 mm (one inch) diameter hole at each shaft
center.
2. 16 FIRESTOPPING
Section 07841 specifies an effective barrier against the spread of fire, smoke and gases
where penetrations occur for piping and ductwork. Refer to Section 15080, for firestop pipe
and duct insulation.
2.17 TOOLS AND LUBRICANTS
A. Furnish, and turn over to the Consultant, special tools not readily available
commercially, that are required for disassembly or adjustment of equipment and
machinery furnished.
B. Grease Guns with Attachments for Applicable Fittings: One for each type of grease
required for each motor or other equipment.
C. Tool Containers: Hardwood or metal, permanently identified for intended service and
mounted, or located, where directed by the Consultant.
D. Lubricants: A minimum of 0.95 L (one quart) of oil, and 0.45 kg (one pound) of
grease, of equipment manufacturer's recommended grade and type, in unopened
containers and properly identified as to use for each different application.
. Page 11 of 18
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL
A. Conform to the requirements of Division 2.
B. Read subsurface information data.
C. Excavation and backfill required for Division 15 work inside the building and to a point
1.5 m outside building shall be carried out by the Division listed in the following
schedule:
1. Excavation:
Initial excavation to 150 mm above pipe inverts Division 2
2. Final excavation to pipe inverts Division 15

3. Backfill
Initial backfill with sand to 300 mm above top of pipes Division 15
4. Final backfill Division 2
D. Ensure that excavation work is executed to attain required inverts and grades.
E. Remove material excavated by Division 15 and not to be reused, from the site.
F. Carefully prepare the bottom of pipe trench. Use one of the following bedding
methods:
1. In firm undisturbed soil, lay pipe directly on the soil and shape soil to fit the
lower 1/3 segment of pipe and fittings.
2. In rock, shale and where noted, excavate to 150 mm below and minimum 200
mm on each side of pipe. Form a 150 mm thick bedding using 10 mm
crushed stone. Provide continuous support over at least the lower 1/3
segment of pipe.
3. In unstable soil, in fill and where soil has been disturbed during previous
excavation work, excavate to at least 150 mm below bottom of pipe and form
a reinforced concrete cradle supporting full length between firm support, or
install piers down to undisturbed solid soil. Piers shall be at a maximum
spacing of 2400 mm. Provide at least one pier for each pipe length. Support
over at least the lower 1/3 segment of pipe.
G. Where excavation is necessary close to and below the level of any footing, backfill
with 14,000 kPa concrete to the level of the highest adjacent footing. Do not proceed
with the work prior to receiving written approval from Consultant.
H. Obtain approval from governing authorities and Consultant before backfilling.
I. Provide backfilling materials as specified in Division 2. Lay and compact as specified

in Division 2.
3.2 PIPE, DUCT AND EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION
A. Locate distribution systems, equipment and materials for maximum usable space,
optimum service clearances and to accommodate current requirements and identified
future expansion.
. Page 12 of 18
B. Coordinate Division 15 services installation above typical floor modular ceilings to

allow installation and future relocation of lights and air troffers without interfering with
or requiring relocation of mechanical, electrical or other services, or removal of ceiling
grid.
C. Include all pipe and duct offsets required to eliminate interference with the work of
other Divisions.
D. Install equipment and materials to present a neat appearance. Run piping, ducts and
conduit parallel to or perpendicular to building planes. Conceal piping, ducts and
conduit in finished areas. Install so as to require a minimum amount of furring.
E. Install pipe, duct and conduit straight, parallel and close to walls and slab or deck
underside, with specified pitch.
F. Use standard fittings for all direction changes. Do not use drilled tees and other field
fabricated fittings.
G. Install eccentric reducers in horizontal piping to permit drainage and eliminate air
pockets.
H. Where pipe sizes differ from connection sizes of equipment, provide reducing fittings
between inline components such as valves, strainers and fittings, and equipment.
Reducing bushings are not permitted.
I. Cap open ends of piping during installation.
J. Lay copper tubing so that it is not in contact with dissimilar metal and will not kink or
collapse.
K. Use non-corrosive lubricant or teflon tape equal to Dow Corning and apply on male
thread.
L. Provide brass adaptors or dielectric couplings wherever dissimilar metals are joined.
M. No pipe to be laid in water or when, in opinion of Consultant conditions are unsuitable.
N. Ensure that pipe installation does not transmit vibration to the walls and floors through
which they pass.
O. Make provisions for neat insulation finish around equipment and materials. Do not
mount equipment within insulation depth.
P. Provide, in electrical rooms and elevator machine rooms, drip trays under the entire
length of pipe within the confines of the room. Pipe drip tray to nearest floor drain.
Q. Perform welding to meet ANSI B31.9.
3.3 CONNECTIONS TO EQUIPMENT
A. Provide unions or flanges at all connections to equipment. Ensure that piping

adjacent to equipment is readily removable for servicing and/or removal of equipment
without shutting down entire system.
B. Install unions in piping up to and including 50 mm pipe size. Install flanges in piping
65 mm pipe size and larger.
. Page 13 of 18
C. Prevent galvanic corrosion by isolating copper and steel. Use red brass adapters, or
completely isolate flanges using full face gaskets with bolts installed through phenolic
sleeves with insulating fibre washers. Where the Plumbing Code prohibits the use of
red brass adapters, use insulating couplings. Where system valves are required,
solid brass isolating valves may be used in lieu of adapters or couplings.
D. Provide metallic code rated continuity link between flanges or unions, where pipe
mains carry flammable fluids or gases.
E. Make all plumbing and sheet metal connections to equipment provided by the Owner.
3.4 INSERTS
A. Size and space for the loads to be supported.
B. Properly locate and firmly secure inserts to forms before concrete is poured.
C. Place inserts only within main structure and not in any finishing materials.
D. When inserts are required in precast concrete, supply inserts and location drawings to
the precast concrete supplier for casting into material. Otherwise, include the cost of
having the precast concrete supplier install inserts at the site.
E. Do not use powder actuated tools.
3.5 HANGERS
A. Suspend piping, ductwork and equipment with all necessary hangers and supports
required for a safe and neat installation. Ensure that pipes are free to expand and
contract and are graded properly. Adjust each hanger to take its full share of the
weight.
B. Suspend hanger rods directly from the structure. Do not suspend pipes, ducts or
equipment from other pipes, ducts, equipment, metal work or ceilings.
C. Provide auxiliary structural steel angles, channels and beams where ductwork, piping
and equipment must be suspended between joists or beams.
D. Use galvanized rods, steel support angles, channels and beams where exposed to
direct contact with water or to possible high humidity conditions where condensation
can occur.
E. Space hangers to ensure that structural steel members are not over stressed. In no
case shall pipe hangers be further apart than indicated in the tables. When
requested, submit detailed drawings showing locations and magnitude of ductwork,
piping and equipment loads on the structure. Provide calculations when requested by
Consultant.
F. Do not use trapeze type hangers for support of piping, without prior review by
Consultant. Where permitted, fabricate from angle or channel frames, and space
hangers to suit the smallest pipe size.
G. Do not use hooks, chains or straps to support equipment and materials.
H. For precast concrete work, if inserts cannot be cast into members, pass hanger rods
between the members and weld to steel plates resting on the upper surface of the
precast material. To prevent raising of the hanger rod, apply a lock nut and 50 mm
minimum dia. flat washer tight against the under surface of the precast material.
. Page 14 of 18
I. Ensure that copper materials are completely isolated from ferrous materials. Use
plastic or epoxy coated hangers and clamps, or use lead inserts between copper
piping and ferrous materials, and between copper piping and copper coated ferrous
materials.
J. Provide round steel threaded rods meeting ASTM A-36.
K. The following table establishes minimum standards of rod sizes and hanger spacing
for steel and copper piping.
Maximum Horizontal
Spacing of Supports
Pipe Size Rod Size Steel Copper

mm mm m m
12 10 1.5 1.5
20 10 1.8 1.8
25 10 1.8 1.8
32 10 2.4 2.1
40 10 2.7 2.4
50 10 2.7 2.7
65 12 3.0 3.0
75 12 3.0 3.0
90 12 3.0 3.3
100 16 3.0 3.7
125 16 3.7 3.7
150 20 3.7 3.7
200 22 3.7
250 22 3.7
300 22 3.7
350 25 3.7
400 25 3.7
450 29 3.7
500 32 3.7
600 32 3.7
L. In addition to these basic requirements, provide hangers in the following location:
1. to eliminate vibration
2. at points of vertical and horizontal change of direction of pipe
3. at inline centrifugal pumps
4. at valves and strainers
5. on mains at branch takeoffs
6. to avoid stress on equipment connections
7. as required for seismic restraint
M. Install spring hangers or other special supports specified in Section 15071.
N. Support horizontal cast iron soil pipe at each hub. Where groups of fittings occur, not
more than three joints shall be between hangers.
. Page 15 of 18
O. Refer to applicable articles of the Specification regarding thermal insulation

requirements. Unless shown specifically on Drawings, provide the following support
methods.
1. For insulated condensate piping up to 65 mm diameter, support with hangers

directly on piping.
P. Generally, support ducts with 2.7 mm by 25 mm wide galvanized hangers or with 12

mm dia. rods and 40 mm rolled angle saddles to meet SMACNA or ASHRAE
Standards.
Q. Support vertical duct risers at each floor with rolled angle collars bearing on building
structure.
3.6 SLEEVES, WALL PLATES, FLOOR PLATES
A. Set sleeves for piping and ductwork in conjunction with erection of floors and walls.
Locate sleeves accurately in accordance with submittal drawings, and as follows:
1. Through interior walls, set sleeves flush with finished surfaces on both sides.
2. Through exterior walls above grade, set sleeves flush with finished surfaces
on inside and to suit flashing on outside.
3. For floors in Mechanical Equipment Rooms, Janitors Closets, Kitchens and

similar areas where a water dam is required, set sleeves flush to underside of
structure and extending 50 mm above finished floor.
4. For other floors, set sleeves flush to both finished surfaces.
B. Size sleeves to provide 25 mm clearance around insulated piping and ductwork.
C. Ensure that fire ratings of floors and walls are maintained.
D. Provide continuous insulation runs through fire separations. Ensure that piping and
ductwork do not touch sleeves.
E. Pack clearance spaces with Rectorseal Metacaulk Firestopping materials strictly as
recommended by the manufacturer.
F. Install leak tight seals to meet the manufacturer's requirements. Select the inside
diameter of each wall sleeve opening to fit the pipe and leak tight seal, all to ensure
watertight joint.
G. Additional sleeving requirements:
1. Provide sleeves for systems not part of Contract, but identified to be required
on Drawings.
2. Provide sleeves to accommodate compressed air piping and wiring conduits

required for Division 15 work.
3. Utilize, insofar as possible, sleeves provided in other Contracts.
4. Provide additional sleeves as required by Drawings to accommodate service

requirements. Include for the cost of drilling and setting sleeves.
5. Fill unused sleeves with lime plaster.
. Page 16 of 18
3.7 PROVISION FOR PIPE EXPANSION, CONTRACTION AND BUILDING SHRINKAGE
A. Make provision for pipe expansion, contraction and building shrinkage with suitable
anchors and offsets or expansion loops.
B. Install piping to allow freedom of movement in all planes without imposing undue
stress on any section of main piping, branch piping, equipment and structure.
C. Use offsets at takeoffs to fans, fan coil units, pipe risers and other branch lines.
D. Select expansion joints for the calculated movement according to the following
temperature ranges.
1. For cold pipes, from minimum operating temperature to 38 deg C, plus 25%
safety factor.
2. For warm and hot pipes, from minimum ambient, but not lower than -5 deg C,
to maximum operating temperature plus 25% safety factor.
E. When ambient temperature during installation is higher than operating temperature,

use precompressed expansion joints.
F. Select expansion joints to withstand system test pressure, as well as operating

pressures and temperatures.
G. Install expansion joints in accordance with manufacturer's published installation

instructions.
H. During the construction and warranty periods, regularly review provisions for building
shrinkage and make necessary adjustments to piping to ensure freedom from binding
and stress.
3.8 PIPE GUIDES AND ANCHORS
A. Install pipe guides for expansion joints according to expansion joint manufacturer's
published recommendations. Use at least two guides on each side of expansion joint.
B. Install manufactured or field fabricated alignment guides to allow movement in axial

direction only.
C. Install vertical risers properly anchored and guided to maintain accurate vertical
position of piping. At time of startup, clean and lubricate guides, and adjust to allow
free sliding at operating conditions.
D. For piping up to and including 75 mm, guide pipes at every floor or every 3900 mm.
Guide larger pipes at every second floor or every 7500 mm.
E. Fabricate anchors from structural steel channels, plates or angles.
F. Secure anchors to the structure. Avoid introduction of excessive reactive forces and
operating weights into the structure and onto equipment and piping.
G. Where guides are provided on cold piping, provide thermal break to prevent sweating.
3.9 PAINTING
A. Supply ferrous metal work except piping and galvanized and stainless steel ductwork,
with at least one factory prime coat, or paint one prime coat on job.
. Page 17 of 18
B. Clean and steel brush surfaces with welds. Then prime coat all steel supports and
brackets.
C. On uninsulated piping, steel brush and prime coat welds.
D. Touchup or repaint all surfaces damaged during shipment or installation and leave
ready for finish painting.
E. Prime coat material shall conform to, Approved Standards.
F. Finish painting will be provided under Section 09910.
3.10 MOTOR AND DRIVE ALIGNMENT
A. Belt Drive: Set driving and driven shafts parallel and align so that the corresponding
grooves are in the same plane.
B. Direct-connect Drive: Securely mount motor in accurate alignment so that shafts are
free from both angular and parallel misalignment when both motor and driven
machine are operating at normal temperatures.
3.11 LUBRICATION
Field check and lubricate equipment requiring lubrication prior to initial operation.
3.12 STARTUP AND TEMPORARY OPERATION
Start up equipment as described in equipment specifications. Verify that vibration is within

specified tolerance prior to extended operation. Temporary use of equipment is specified in
Section 15010, Article, Temporary use of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment.
3.13 OPERATING AND PERFORMANCE TESTS
A. Prior to the final inspection, perform required tests as specified in Section 15010,
Article, Tests and submit the test reports and records to the Consultant.
B. Should evidence of malfunction in any tested system, or piece of equipment or

component part thereof, occur during or as a result of tests, make proper corrections,
repairs or replacements, and repeat tests at no additional cost to the Owner.
C. When completion of certain work or system occurs at a time when final control
settings and adjustments cannot be properly made to make performance tests, then
make performance tests for heating systems and for cooling systems respectively
during first actual seasonal use of respective systems following completion of work.
END OF SECTION
. Page 18 of 18
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Motors, Starters, Control Centers and Wiring SECTION 15055
PART 1 - GENERAL ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 W ORK INCLUDED ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS.......................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 1
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 2
2.1 MOTORS ..................................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 STARTERS, CONTACTORS AND MOTOR CONTROL.......................................................................... 3
2.3 MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS ........................................................................................................ 4
2.4 CONTROLLER OVER CURRENT PROTECTION AND DISCONNECTION MEANS FOR COMBINATION
STARTER ............................................................................................................................................... 8
PART 3 - EXECUTION ........................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 INSTALLATION AND W IRING .......................................................................................................... 8
3.2 W ARNING NOTICES ..................................................................................................................... 9
SECTION 15055
MOTORS, STARTERS, CONTROL CENTERS AND WIRING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 WORK INCLUDED
A. Comply with Division 1, General Requirements and all documents referred to

therein.
B. Provide all labour, materials, products, equipment and services to supply and
install the motors, starters, control centres and wiring indicated on the
Drawings and specified in this Section of the Specification.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15075 - Variable Speed Drives.
The Publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced.
Publications are referenced in the text by basic designation only.
A. IEEE 112 B - Test procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators
B. NEMA MG I – Motors and Generators
C. UL-B45
D. NEMA 1652-322
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit shop drawings and manufactures’ data for the following items in
accordance with the conditions of the contract.
1. Elementary control diagrams, unit wiring diagram for each motor

controller, assembly outline drawings, summary sheets, shop
interwiring diagrams, field connection diagrams, shall be submitted.
2. Include full detailed and dimensioned plans, section and elevations.

Include information on type and size of structural supports, metal
thickness, surface finishes, bus cross sections, provisions for lifting as
well as single line diagram of switch, fuse, circuit breakers, bus
arrangements, metering arrangements, etc.
3. Furnish complete schematic wiring diagram and a full set of equipment

wiring diagrams for protective equipment relays, pilot, lights, alarms,
controls, etc. Provide narratives for all wiring diagrams.
4. Include full load heat rejection in BTU per hour for total components by
control center.
5. All circuit breaker sizes and types must be indicated.
Page 1 of 9
6. Where a control center assembly is shipped in more than one section,

show field inter wiring required to maintain circuit continuity upon
reassembly. Clearly delineate shipping sections.
7. Include a statement verifying coordination with the automatic

temperature controls fire alarm system, BMS and the other required
systems.
A. Each as a complete and finished product shall receive a single integrated

equipment rating by the manufacturer. The integrated equipment short circuit
wiring shall certify that all equipment is capable of withstanding the thermal
and magnetic stress of a fault equal to the value specified on the Drawings.
Such rating shall be established by actual tests by the manufacturer on similar
equipment. This certification shall be permanently affixed to each motor
control center. Test data shall be submitted to the Engineer at time of
submission of Acceptance Drawings.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MOTORS
A. Provide Westinghouse,
Provide approved by theGE
Architect/Engineer,
or U.S. Electric, 60 cycle, 1800 rpm for 4P motors,
except where noted, with the following characteristics:
1. under 1.0 kW - single phase, 220 V
2. 1.0 kW and over - 3 phase, 380 V
B. High efficiency motors (per NEMA Standard) shall be provided and shall be
compatible with standard motor frames.
C. All motors 1.0 kW and over, unless specified differently, shall be T-frame, A.C.
Three Phase and equal to Motor Efficiency Level as tested to the most recent
issue of IEEE 112B.
D. Provide squirrel cage induction motors built to NEMA MGI.
E. The minimum requirement for 3 phase motors shall be NEMA Design B, Class
B insulated for maximum 40 deg C ambient.
F. Select motors for quiet continuous operation to suit loads imposed by

equipment. Recognize that motor horsepowers specified and scheduled are
minimum sizes. Include extra costs for larger motors, starters, power wiring
and additional control wiring if larger motors are required per Contractor’s
actual approved submittals.
Page 2 of 9
G. Provide motor enclosures as follows:
1. Open dripproof, 1.15 service factor for motors protected from the
weather and moisture entertainment to operate satisfactorily at
maximum temperature and moisture levels of surrounding air for
motors located in air streams.
2. Totally enclosed fan cooled 1.15 service factor for motors in all other
locations, including cooling towers.
3. Provide explosion proof motors where scheduled.
H. Equip motors 18 kW and larger, as well as those smaller but with longer than
10 second starting time, with inherent overheat protection, consisting of
thermistors, one for each phase, embedded in the stator windings. Extend
wires out to motor terminal box, ready for field wiring into the starter holding
coil circuit. Provide manual reset tripping device compatible with starter.
I. Provide motors to operate with variable speed drives supplied according to

Section 15075 and to meet the following:
1. Rated for VSD duty
2. Be operable from a pulse width modulated (PWM) waveform and shall

not saturate while operating at up to 110% of the nameplate voltage.
3. At least Class F insulation.
4. Cast frame construction.
5. Must be capable of running at 10% full rated speed with the VSD
output provided by the drives supplied under Section 15075.
6. Provided with thermal sensors imbedded in the windings with

connections extended to the motor terminal box. For motor sizes up to
and including 18.6 kW, the thermal sensors may be thermistors. For
larger sizes, provide RTDs (Resistive Temperature Device). Embed
sensors in that part of the windings which is in the iron for response to
both copper and iron temperature.
J. Two speed motors shall be, single winding, variable torque high and low
speed. Provide starter to suit motor requirements.
2.2 STARTERS, CONTACTORS AND MOTOR CONTROL
A. Starters and contactors factory built into the control panel of packaged
equipment will be considered as an integral part of the package and may be
from a different manufacturer.
B. Magnetic Motor Starters
1. Magnetic Motor Starters shall be for general purpose, Class A and for
induction motors rated in horsepower.
Page 3 of 9
2. Self contained unit in a NEMA 1 gasketed enclosure (NEMA 3R where

installed outdoors), externally operable from the front.
3. Provide full voltage non-reversing (FVNR) type combination magnetic

starters for motors of ½ HP (0.373 kw) to 7.5 HP (5.5 kw).
4. Provide reduced voltage, non reversing, Wye-delta type combination

magnetic starters for motors 10 HP (7.46 kw) up to 50 HP (37.3 kw).
1. Adjustable timing relay for start to run transfer timing.

2. Closed transition from reduced to full voltage.
5. Provide reduced voltage, non reversing, auto-transformer type,

combination starters for motors above 50 HP.
1. Two winding, open delta connected.
2. Adjustable timing relay for start to run transfer timing.
3. Closed transition from reduced to full voltage.
4. Field adjustable auto transformers taps, 50%, 65%, and 80%,

factory set at 80%.
6. Provide an individual control power transformer with two primary and

one secondary control fuses for each motor controller. The other
secondary lead shall be grounded. Secondary voltage shall be 230V
AC.
7. Provide each motor controller with three phase, ambient temperature

compensating, thermal overload relays with heaters. Overload relays
shall have be adjustable from 90% to 110% of heater rating, factory
set at 100%. Provide an insulated pushbutton on the outside of door to
reset overload relays.
8. Provide each motor controller with a Hand-Off-Automatic (HOA)

selector switch. Provide an Hand-Automatic (HA) selector switch for
life safety equipment. Mount switch on outside of door.
9. Provide each motor controller with 2 normally open and 2 normally

closed auxiliary contacts long life (50,000 hours) pilot indicators on
outside of door, auxiliary relays, and other devices required for
operation of the equipment to be controlled.
10. Provide transformer type indicating lights in from cover (Lens color(s)
red-stop, green run) and push to test type indicating lights.
2.3 MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS
A. General
1. Provide motor control centers, completely factory-assembled and

tested, metal-enclosed, free-standing, dead-front equipment, with the
following general ratings and construction designations.
Page 4 of 9
a. Voltage : 380/220V as indicated, 3 phase, 4-wire, 60 hertz

except as otherwise noted.
b. Minimum bus short circuit rating : as indicated in the drawing.
c. Motor Controllers : Combination magnetic type with circuit

breaker switches.
d. Feeder access : Top or bottom as job conditions permit.
e. Wiring : Type B, Class I, as defined by National Electrical

Manufacturers’ Association Standards.
B. Construction
1. Provide number of vertical sections and general arrangement of

modular control units as outlined and as required. Provide disconnect
switches or miscellaneous equipment. Each vertical section to contain
no more than 6 modular units, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Provide motor control centers to consist of detachable vertical

sections, each a reinforced, shaped, rigid, free-standing structure,
with cover plate of steel or aluminium. Provide each standard section
capable of mounting interchangeably with various motor controller
units and designed so that control units may be readily removed or
added as required. Mount entire assembly on two (2) sturdy structural
steel channels, drilled for bolting to floor. Provide each section
2300mm overall height by 500mm wide by 500mm.
a. Horizontal sections of entire assembly to contain the main

horizontal bus feeding the busses of the vertical sections.
Provide removable plates for access to main bus. Provide
sections above or below control units constituting a continuous
wiring through with screw-on covers along the entire length of
the control center.
b. Provide each vertical section to be dead-front NEMA 4. Provide

vertical bus full-length and isolated from starter compartments
by a full-height fiber barrier, provided with opening so designed
that control units of any standard size can be removed or
added as required. Provide a 100-millimeter minimum-width,
full-length vertical wiring trough with cable supports on one side
of each section. Provide easily removable isolating metal
barriers between control units.
3. Provide a separate, formed, heavy sheet door for each control unit.
Doors secured to the vertical section frame by screw-fastened,
concealed hinges and bolted door fasteners, capable of being
tightened by hand or screwdriver. Door to be gasketed dust-tight all
around, including disconnect operating handles and knockouts and
opening for required pushbuttons, selector switches and indicating
lights. Do not attach wiring to door.
Page 5 of 9
4. Provide disconnect handle mounted on door of each control unit to

operate switch through adjustable linkage with clearly marked “On”
and “Off” designations. Handle designed for padlocking either in “On”
or “Off” position with 1 to 3 padlocks. Provide mechanical interlock to
prevent opening of door when handle is in the “On” position. Interlock
to be bypassable with special tool.
5. Provide each vertical section with a number of motor controllers, fused

switches, or miscellaneous equipment units. Provide each unit with
components and wiring readily accessible for ease of maintenance
and connected to the vertical bus by means of self-aligning connectors
having free-floating spring construction so as to insure a positive
silver-to-silver contact with both sides of the bus at all times. Provide
stationary structure and unit supports designed to support and align
the units during removal or replacement and for locking in the connect
or disconnect positions. Provide units of modular heights and
interchangeable with other units of same size or multiple of this size.
a. Provide each modular unit capable of being secured and

padlocked from the power bus, to facilitate inspection and
maintenance.
6. Provide control center with facilities for future field installation of motor
controller units without requiring modification of the bus structures.
7. Thoroughly clean interior and exterior of entire assembly, including

pullbox, after fabrication and give it a rust-inhibiting primer coat
followed by finish coats of medium-light gray air-drying lacquer or
baked enamel.
8. Provide control center completely assembled and connected at factory

and then given operating and high potential test in accordance with
American Institute of Electrical Engineers and National Electrical
Manufacturers’ Association Standard. Provide entire assembly
suitably reinforced for shipping and provided with bolted-on lifting irons
at the top. Ship control center as a single assembly unless entry
conditions or handling facilities at a point of installation require division
into smaller sections.
9. Provide factory wired terminal strips for all required field connections at
top of each vertical section.
C. Buswork
1. Horizontal bus sized as indicated, but not less than 600 amperes.
Provide bus supports of high-quality insulators with high dielectric
strength low moisture absorption, and high impact strength, so
arranged and secured to bus as to provided the required short-circuit
bracing and integrated equipment rating.
2. Bus bars shall be arranged throughout A-B-C left to right, top to bottom
and front to rear. Where special circuiting precludes this arrangement
has accepted by the Architects/Engineers bus bars shall be
permanently labelled.
Page 6 of 9
3. Conductor material shall be plated copper.
4. Bus shall be sized at 155 centimeter but in no case less that of

sufficient cross section to limit temperature rise to 55 degrees Celcius
above an ambient temperature of 40 degrees Celcius.
5. Horizontal bus shall be full size, tapered bus is not permitted. Provide
bolt holes drilled and tapped for future expansion at the end of
horizontal bus bars including neutral and ground bus. The provisions
shall include bus bars installed and extended to the extreme side of
the section and be fabricated in such a fashion that the addition of a
future section would require only the installation of standard bolted
splice plates.
D. Grounding
1. Provide a ground of 33 percent of phase bus capacity throughout the

length of the control center with grounding lugs for equipment
grounding.
E. Motor Controllers
1. Provide motor controller unit of the combination type with circuit

breaker switches and magnetic starter, complete with auxiliary
equipment, including selector switches, pushbuttons, indicating lights,
auxiliary contacts, and all other devices required for satisfactory
operation of the equipment to be controlled.
a. Starter short-circuit current-interrupting rating to be not less

than 65,000 amperes symmetrical at 240 volts.
b. Provide standard magnetic type starter 3 properly sized

overload heaters for 3-phase motors, manual reset overload
pushbutton, and a minimum of 2 auxiliary contacts arranged in
the normally closed position. Provide each starter with a long-
life green pilot light and a HAND-OFF-AUTOMATIC selector
switch. Provide necessary interlocks and remote terminals for
both local and remote connections indicated for the electrical or
mechanical work. Coordinate requirements with BMS and Fire
Alarm System and other required systems.
c. Provide starter operating coil with voltage of 120 volts. Provide

a two-winding control circuit transformer for each starter unit of
sufficient capacity to supply the inrush and continuous volt-
amperes required by the starter coil and other devices in the
control circuit. Capacity of transformers shall be a minimum of
150VA over standard by size of motor starter. Furnish a dual
element fuse in each line of the primary circuit of the control
transformer. Required fuse size engraved on fuse block or
adjacent thereto.
Page 7 of 9
2.4 CONTROLLER OVER CURRENT PROTECTION AND DISCONNECTION MEANS FOR

COMBINATION STARTER
A. Motor Circuit Protector: A motor short circuit protector shall be permitted in

lieu of devices as listed in PEC Part 1 Table 6.6.12.6. Motor short circuit
protector is part of a PS or UL listed combination controller having both motor
over load protection and short circuit & protection in each conductor and if it
will operate at not more than 13 times of full load motor current. Provide
interlock to prevent opening front cover with motor circuit protector in ON
position. Handle lockable in OFF position, where required to achieve specified
short-circuit rating, provide a current-limiter attachment.
B. Molded-Case Thermal/Magnetic Circuit Breakers: circuit breakers with integral

thermal and instantaneous magnetic trip in each pole. Provide interlock to
prevent opening front cover with circuit breaker in ON position defeatable with
screw driver. Handle lockable in OFF position. Interrupting rating shall be as
indicated in the drawings. Where required to achieve specified short-circuit
rating, provide a current-limiter attachment.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION AND WIRING
A. Provide conduit and wiring materials and methods in strict accordance with
Division 16 requirements.
B. Provide motors, starters, contactors, disconnect switches and control devices

for Division 15 work.
C. Provide all power wiring from load side of starters and contactors required for
Division 15 work.
D. Sizing for starters and wiring shall meet requirements of the Electrical Code.
E. Provide control wiring for all equipment provided or supplied under Division
15.
F. Provide control wiring between kitchen exhaust hood control box and exhaust
fan starter.
G. Connections to motors shall be made in flexible sealtight conduit, and with

sufficient material to reduce vibration transmission and to allow full travel of
motor for belt adjustment.
H. Install wiring materials parallel to or perpendicular to building planes.
I. Refer to Division 16, for all line side power wiring to loose starters, MCCs and
Contactors.
J. Refer to Division 16, for normal and emergency power service locations.
Provide power wiring for electrical tracing, controls and elsewhere where
required.
Page 8 of 9
K. Power wiring and control wiring connected to life safety equipment shall utilize
fire rated cable. (Wiring located in room where equipment is located shall not
be fire rated.)
3.2 WARNING NOTICES
A. Place warning notices at each starter and on or close to each motor under
BMS control.
B. Provide conspicuous notices with bold lettering and advising that the motor is
under BMS control and may start at any time without warning. Submit notices
at the shop drawing stage for Consultant review.
END OF SECTION
Page 9 of 9
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Control SECTION 15071
PART 1 - GENERAL ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 2
PART 2 – PRODUCTS ........................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................... 3
2.2 SEISMIC RESTRAINT REQUIREMENTS FOR EQUIPMENT.................................................................. 4
2.3 VIBRATION ISOLATORS ................................................................................................................ 4
2.4 BASES ........................................................................................................................................ 6
2.5 SOUND ATTENUATING UNITS ....................................................................................................... 6
2.6 ACOUSTICAL ENCLOSURES IN MECHANICAL ROOMS ..................................................................... 6
2.7 VERTICAL RISER SUPPORT SYSTEM............................................................................................. 7
PART 3 - EXECUTION ........................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................. 7
3.2 ADJUSTING ................................................................................................................................. 8
SECTION 15071
MECHANICAL VIBRATION AND SEISMIC CONTROL
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
Noise criteria, seismic restraints for equipment, vibration tolerance and vibration isolation for
HVAC Works.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15050- Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods.
B. Section 15815- Metal Ducts and Accessories.
A. Refer to article, QUALITY ASSURANCE in specification Section 15050.
B. Noise Criteria:
1. Noise levels in all 8 octave bands due to equipment and duct systems shall
not exceed following NC levels:
NC CRITERIA
TYPE OF SPACE
(NC) LEVEL
General office space in excess of 35

5 meters from the core mechanical
rooms
Offices within 5.0 meters of the 40
core
Lobbies, Corridors, Halls 45
Service Spaces, Parking Garages 45-50
2. After systems have been balanced, take sound measurements throughout

the complete range of audible frequencies from 63 Hz through 8000 Hz, in
each occupied area above, below and beside each Mechanical Equipment
Room and where directed. Plot readings on noise criteria NC curves.
3. Modify, as required and at no additional cost to the Owner, the fan

distribution and other mechanical systems to achieve the specified noise
criteria.
4. Submit a report, including sound curves, to substantiate that equipment has

been isolated adequately, and that acceptable noise levels have been
attained. Provide a list to indicate equipment in operation at time of readings
taken. Certify report by Professional Engineer.
5. Make sound measurements in accordance with the American Standard

Method for the Physical Measurement of Sound, ANSI S1.2.
6. Sound measuring equipment shall be Type 2 Class I in accordance with

ANSI Standards S1.4 or S1.11.
. Page 1 of 9
7. For equipment which has no sound power ratings scheduled on the plans,
the contractor shall select equipment such that the foregoing noise criteria,
local ordinance noise levels, and OSHA requirements are not exceeded.
Selection procedure shall be in accordance with ASHRAE Fundamentals
Handbook 2001, Chapter 7, Sound and Vibration.
8. An allowance, not to exceed 5db, may be added to the measured value to

compensate for the variation of the room attenuating effect between room
test condition prior to occupancy and design condition after occupancy which
may include the addition of sound absorbing material, such as, furniture. This
allowance may not be taken after occupancy. The room attenuating effect is
defined as the difference between sound power level emitted to room and
sound pressure level in room.
9. In absence of specified measurement requirements, measure equipment

noise levels three feet from equipment and at an elevation of maximum noise
generation.
C. Seismic Restraint Requirements:
1. Equipment:
a. All mechanical equipment not supported with isolators external to the

unit shall be securely anchored to the structure. Such mechanical
equipment shall be properly supported to resist a horizontal force of
50 percent of the weight of the equipment furnished.
b. All mechanical equipment mounted on vibration isolators shall be

provided with seismic restraints capable of resisting a horizontal force
of 100 percent of the weight of the equipment furnished.
2. Piping: Refer to specification Section 15050.
3. Ductwork: Refer to specification Section 15815.
D. Allowable Vibration Tolerances for Rotating, Non-reciprocating Equipment: Not to

exceed a self-excited vibration maximum velocity of 5 mm per second (0.20 inch per
second) RMS, filter in, when measured with a vibration meter on bearing caps of
machine in vertical, horizontal and axial directions or measured at equipment
mounting feet if bearings are concealed. Measurements for internally isolated fans
and motors may be made at the mounting feet.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:
1. Vibration isolators:
a. Floor mountings
b. Hangers
c. Snubbers
d. Thrust restraints
2. Bases.
3. Seismic restraint provisions and bolting.
4. Acoustical enclosures.
. Page 2 of 9
B. Isolator manufacturer shall furnish with submittal load calculations for selection of
isolators, including supplemental bases, based on lowest operating speed of
equipment supported.
C. Seismic Requirements: Submittals are required for all equipment anchors, supports
and seismic restraints. Submittals shall include weights, dimensions, standard
connections, and manufacturer's certification that all specified equipment will
withstand seismic Lateral Force requirements as shown on the documents.
D. In conjunction with vibration isolator supplier/manufacturer, the Contractor shall

submit official certification on vibration – free installation.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The
publications are referenced in the text by the basic designation only.
A. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

(ASHRAE):
ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook 2001 - Sound and Vibration, Chapter 7
B. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
A123/A123M - Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on major Iron

and Steel Components (except spring elements).
A884/A884M-02 - Epoxy Coating on spring elements and other Iron

and Steel components.
A325 - Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 PSI Tensile

Strength
D2240 - Standard Test Method for Rubber Property -

Durometer Hardness
A216 - Carbon Cast Steel top cup and bottom cup.
C. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA):
29 CFR 1910 - Guidelines for Noise Enforcement, Appendix A, 1983
PART 2 – PRODUCTS
2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A. Type of isolator, base, and minimum static deflection shall be as required for each
specific equipment application as recommended by isolator or equipment
manufacturer but subject to minimum requirements indicated herein and in the
schedule on the drawings.
B. Elastometric Isolators shall comply with ASTM D2240 and be oil resistant neoprene
with a maximum stiffness of 60 durometer and have a straight-line deflection curve.
C. Exposure to weather: Isolators, excluding springs, exposed to weather shall be hot

dip galvanized after fabrication. Hot-dip zinc coating shall not be less than 609 grams
per square meter (two ounces per square foot) by weight complying with ASTM A123
or Epoxy Coating complying with ASTM A884/A884M-02.In addition provide limit
. Page 3 of 9
stops to resist wind velocity. Comply with the design wind velocity of 125 mph (200
kmph).
D. Uniform Loading: Select and locate isolators to produce uniform loading and
deflection even when equipment weight is not evenly distributed.
E. Color code isolators by type and size for easy identification of capacity.
2.2 SEISMIC RESTRAINT REQUIREMENTS FOR EQUIPMENT
A. Bolt pad mounted equipment, without vibration isolators, to the floor or other support
using ASTM A307 standard bolting, material or equal.
B. Floor mounted equipment, with vibration Isolators: Type SS. Where Type N isolators
are used provide channel frame base horizontal restraints bolted to the floor, or other
support, on all sides of the equipment Size and material required for the base shall be
as recommended by the isolator manufacturer.
C. On all sided of suspended equipment, provide bracing for rigid supports and provide
restraints for resiliently supported equipment. The slack cable restraint method,
Mason Industries, or equal, is acceptable.
2.3 VIBRATION ISOLATORS
A. Floor Mountings:
1. Double Deflection Neoprene: Shall include neoprene covered steel support

plated (top and bottom), friction pads, and necessary bolt holes.
Type: “Mason” SLFH, “VCS” NM or equal
2. Captive Spring Mount for Seismic Restraint:
a. Design mounts to resiliently resist seismic forces in all directions.

Snubbing shall take place in all modes with adjustment to limit
upward, downward, and horizontal travel to a maximum of 6 mm (1/4-
inch) before contacting snubbers. Mountings shall have a minimum
rating of one G coefficient of gravity as calculated and certified by a
registered structural engineer.
b. All mountings shall have leveling bolts that must be rigidly bolted to
the equipment. Spring diameters shall be no less than 0.8 of the
compressed height of the spring at rated load. Springs shall have a
minimum additional travel to solid equal to 50 percent of the rated
deflection. Mountings shall have ports for spring inspection. Provide
an all directional neoprene cushion collar around the equipment bolt.
Type: “Mason” SSLFH, “VCS” SM or equal
3. Spring Isolators with Vertical Limit Stops: Similar to spring isolators noted
above, except include a vertical limit stop to limit upward travel if weight is
removed and also to reduce movement and spring extension due to wind
loads. Provide clearance around restraining bolts to prevent mechanical short
circuiting. Isolators shall have a minimum seismic rating of one G.
Type: “Mason” SLR, SLRS, “VCS” FSR or equal
. Page 4 of 9
4. Seismic Pad: Pads shall be felt, cork neoprene waffle, neoprene and cork
sandwich, neoprene and fiberglass, neoprene and steel waffle, or reinforced
duck and neoprene, with steel top plate and drilled for an anchor bolt.
Washers and bushings shall be reinforced duck and neoprene. Size pads for
a maximum load of 345 kPa (50 pounds per square inch).
Type “Mason” Super W, Mini Super W, “VCS” HE or equal
B. Hangers: Shall be combination neoprene and springs unless otherwise noted and
shall allow for expansion of pipe.
1. Combination Neoprene and Spring: Vibration hanger shall contain a spring

and double deflection neoprene element in series. Spring shall have a
diameter not less than 0.8 of compressed operating spring height. Spring
shall have a minimum additional travel of 50 percent between design height
and solid height. Spring shall permit a 15 degree angular misalignment
without rubbing on hanger box.
Type: “Mason” 30N, “VCS” HE or equal
2. Spring Position Hanger: Similar to combination neoprene and spring hanger

except hanger shall hold piping at a fixed elevation during installation and
include a secondary adjustment feature to transfer load to spring while
maintaining same position.
Type: “Mason” PC30N, “VCS” HPE or equal
3. Neoprene: Vibration hanger shall contain a double deflection type neoprene

isolation element. Hanger rod shall be separated from contact with hanger
bracket by a neoprene grommet.
Type: “Mason” HD, “VCS” H1-3 or equal
4. Spring: Vibration hanger shall contain a coiled steel spring in series with a
neoprene grommet. Spring shall have a diameter not less than 0.8 of
compressed operating spring height. Spring shall have a minimum additional
travel of 50 percent between design height and solid height. Spring shall
permit a 15 degree angular misalignment without rubbing on hanger box.
Type: “Mason” 30, “VCS” H or equal
5. The first four (4) Hanger supports from the vibrating equipment for piping 5
mm (2 nches) and larger shall have a pointer and scale deflection indicator.
Type: “Mason” PC30N or equal
C. Snubbers: Each spring mounted base shall have a minimum of four all-directional or
eight two directional (two per side) seismic snubbers that are double acting.
Elastomeric materials shall be shock absorbent neoprene bridge quality bearing
pads, maximum 60 durometer, replaceable and have a minimum thickness of 6 mm
(1/4 inch). Air gap between hard and resilient material shall be not less than 3 mm
(1/8 inch) nor more than 6 mm (1/4 inch). Restraints shall be capable of withstanding
design load without permanent deformation.
Type: “Mason” Z-1011, Z-1225 or equal
D. Thrust Restraints: Restraints shall provide a spring element contained in a steel

frame with neoprene pads at each end attachment. Restraints shall have factory
preset thrust and be field adjustable to allow a maximum movement of 6 mm (1/4
. Page 5 of 9
inch) when the fan starts and stops. Restraint assemblies shall include rods, angle
brackets and other hardware for field installation.
Type: “Mason” WBI, WBD, or equal
2.4 BASES
A. Rails: Design rails with isolator brackets to reduce mounting height of equipment and
cradle machines having legs or bases that do not require a complete supplementary
base. To assure adequate stiffness, height of members shall be a minimum of 1/12 of
longest base dimension but not less than 100 mm (4 inches). Where rails are used
with neoprene mounts for small fans or close coupled pumps, extend rails to
compensate overhang of housing.
Type: “Mason” ICS Rails, or equal
B. Integral Structural Steel Base: Design base with isolator brackets to reduce mounting
height of equipment which require a complete supplementary rigid base. To assure
adequate stiffness, height of members shall be a minimum of 1/12 of longest base
dimension, but not less than 100 mm (four inches).
Type: “Mason” WFSL or equal
C. Inertia Base: Base shall be a reinforced concrete inertia base. Pour concrete into a
welded steel channel frame, incorporating prelocated equipment anchor bolts and
pipe sleeves. Level the concrete to provide a smooth uniform bearing surface for
equipment mounting. Provide grout under uneven supports. Channel depth shall be a
minimum of 1/12 of longest dimension of base but not less than 150 mm (six inches).
Form shall include 13-mm (1/2-inch) reinforcing bars welded in place on minimum of
203 mm (eight inch) centers running both ways in a layer 40 mm (1-1/2 inches) above
bottom. Use height saving brackets in all mounting locations. Weight of inertia base
shall be equal to or greater than weight of equipment supported to provide a
maximum peak-to-peak displacement of 2 mm (1/16 inch).
Type: “Mason” BMK or equal
D. Curb Mounted Isolation Base: Fabricate from aluminum to fit on top of standard curb
with overlap to allow water run-off and have wind and water seals which shall not
interfere with spring action. Provide resilient snubbers with 6 mm (1/4 inch) clearance
for wind resistance. Top and bottom bearing surfaces shall have sponge type weather
seals. Integral spring isolators shall comply with Spring Isolator (Type S)
requirements.
Type: “Mason” CMAB or equal
2.5 SOUND ATTENUATING UNITS
Refer to specification Section 15815.
2.6 ACOUSTICAL ENCLOSURES IN MECHANICAL ROOMS
Provide if necessary to meet the required NC criteria at no additional cost to the Owner.
Enclosures shall be removable and sectional, of a size and weight that sections can be
readily handled with typical lifting and moving equipment available in the equipment room.
Enclosures must contain access openings, observation ports, lights, and ventilation where
required for normal operation, observation and servicing.
. Page 6 of 9
2.7 VERTICAL RISER SUPPORT SYSTEM
All vertical risers subjected to thermal expansion and/or contraction shall be supported by
spring isolators and central anchors designed to insure loading within design limits at
structural support points. The riser design must be prepared and submitted for approval by
the same isolation vendor supplying the HVAC mechanical equipment isolation and must
include the initial load, initial deflection, change in deflection, final load and change in load at
all spring support locations. In order to minimize load changes, the initial spring deflection
must be at least 4 times the thermal movement. The submittal must also include anchor loads
when installed, cold filled, and at operating temperature. Include calculated pipe stress at end
conditions and branch off locations as well as installation instruction. The submittal must be
stamped and signed by a licensed professional engineer in the employ of the vibration vendor
for at least five years.
Proper provision shall be made for seismic protection in seismic zones.
The support spring mounts shall be Type SLF, anchors Type ADA, telescoping guides Type
VSG, all as manufactured by Mason Industries, Inc.
The isolation vendor shall provide and design all brackets at riser spring and anchor locations
where standard clamps lack capacity or do not fit. The contractor must install and adjust all
isolators under the supervision of the designing isolation vendor or his representative.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Vibration Isolation:
1. No metal-to-metal contact will be permitted between fixed and floating parts.
2. Connections to Equipment: Allow for deflections equal to or greater than

equipment deflections. Electrical, drain, piping connections, and other items
made to rotating or reciprocating equipment (pumps, compressors, etc.)
which rests on vibration isolators, shall be isolated from building structure for
first three hangers or supports.
3. Common Foundation: Mount each electric motor on same foundation as

driven machine. Hold driving motor and driven machine in positive rigid
alignment with provision for adjusting motor alignment and belt tension.
Bases shall be level throughout length and width. Provide shims to facilitate
pipe connections, leveling, and bolting.
4. Provide heat shields where elastomers are subject to temperatures over 38

degrees C (l00 degrees F).
5. Extend bases for pipe elbow supports at discharge and suction connections
at pumps. Pipe elbow supports shall not short circuit pump vibration to
structure.
6. Non-rotating equipment such as heat exchangers and convertors shall be

mounted on isolation units having the same static deflection as the isolation
hangers or support of the pipe connected to the equipment.
. Page 7 of 9
B. Inspection and Adjustments: Check for vibration and noise transmission through
connections, piping, ductwork, foundations, and walls. Adjust, repair, or replace
isolators as required to reduce vibration and noise transmissions to specified levels.
3.2 ADJUSTING
A. Adjust vibration isolators after piping systems are filled and equipment is at operating
weight.
B. Adjust limit stops on restrained spring isolators to mount equipment at normal

operating height. After equipment installation is complete, adjust limit stops so they
are out of contact during normal operation.
C. Attach thrust limits at centerline of thrust and adjust to a maximum of 1/4inch (6-mm)
movement during start and stop.
D. Adjust active height of spring isolators.
E. Adjust snubbers according to manufacturer's recommendations.
F. Adjust seismic restraints to permit free movement of equipment within normal mode
of operation.
G. Torque anchor bolts according to equipment manufacturer's recommendations to

resist seismic forces.
SELECTION GUIDE FOR VIBRATION ISOLATORS
50FT FLOOR SPAN

EQUIPMENT BASE ISOL MIN
TYPE TYPE DEFL
REFRIGERATION MACHINE
ABSORPTION --- SP 2”
PACKAGED R SP 2.5
HERMETIC
OPEN B SP 3.5
CENTRIFUGAL
ROTARY-SCREW --- N 0.40
RECIPROCATING
500 - 750 RPM R SP 3.5
751 RPM & OVER R SP 2.5
COMPRESSORS AND VACUUM PUMPS
UP THROUGH 1- --- D,L,W ---
1/2 HP
2 HP AND OVER
500 - 750 RPM --- S 2.5
750 RPM & OVER --- S 2.5
PUMPS
UP --- D,L, ---
TO W
CLOSE 1-/2
COUPLED HP
. Page 8 of 9
2 HP I S 2”
&
BASE OVE
MOUNTED R
I S 2”
I S 2”
I S 2.5
ROOF VENTILATORS
ABOVE OCCUPIED AREAS:

5 HP & OVER CB S 1.0
CENTRIFUGAL BLOWERS
UP TO 50 HP
UP TO 200 RPM B S 3.5
201 - 300 RPM B S 3.5
301 - 500 RPM B S 3.5
501 RPM & OVER B S 2.5
60 HP & OVER
UP TO 300 RPM I S 3.5
301 - 500 RPM I S 3.5
501 RPM & OVER I S 2.5
COOLING TOWERS
UP TO 500 RPM --- SP 3.5
501 RPM & OVER --- SP 2.5
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
UP TO 25 HP I S 2.5
30 THRU 100 HP I S 3.5
125 HP & OVER I S 4.5
AIR HANDLING UNIT PACKAGES
SUSPENDED
UP THRU 5 HP --- H 2”
7-1/2 HP & OVER
UP TO 500 RPM --- H,TH 2”
R
501 RPM & OVER --- H,TH 2”
R
FLOOR MOUNTED:
UP THRU 5 HP --- S 2”
7-1/2 HP & OVER

UP TO 500 RPM R S,THR 2”
501 RPM & OVER R S,THR 2”
IN-LINE CENTRIFUGAL AND VANE AXIAL
FANS, FLOOR MOUNTED: (APR9)
UP THRU 50 HP:
UP TO 300 RPM R S 3.5
301 - 500 RPM R S 2.5
501 - & OVER R S 2.5
60 HP AND OVER
301 - 500 RPM R S 3.5
501 RPM & OVER R S 2.5
END OF SECTION
. Page 9 of 9
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Mechanical Insulation SECTION 15080
PART 1 – GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 4
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 6
2.1 INSULATION FACINGS AND JACKETS ............................................................................................. 6
2.2 CLOSED-CELL POLYOLEFIN FOAM INSULATION (BASE OFFER FOR DUCTWORK) ............................. 7
2.3 MINERAL FIBER INSULATION (ALTERNATIVE OFFER FOR DUCTWORK) ............................................ 7
2.4 FLEXIBLE CLOSED CELL ELASTOMERIC RUBBER INSULATION (BASE OFFER FOR PIPING) ............... 8
2.5 PRE-INSULATED PIPING SYSTEM (ALTERNATIVE OFFER FOR PIPING) ............................................. 9
2.6 CALCIUM SILICATE INSULATION (UNDER GENSET PACKAGE) ....................................................... 10
2.7 DUCT W RAP FOR KITCHEN HOOD GREASE DUCTS ..................................................................... 10
2.8 INSULATION ACCESSORY MATERIALS ......................................................................................... 10
PART 3 – EXECUTION ........................................................................................................................ 12
3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................... 12
3.2 INSULATION INSTALLATION ......................................................................................................... 13
SECTION 15080
MECHANICAL INSULATION
PART 1 – GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Field applied insulation for thermal efficiency and condensation control for
1. HVAC piping, ductwork and equipment.
2. Boiler plant mechanical systems are not included.
B. Definitions
1. ASJ: All service jacket, white finish facing or jacket.
2. Air conditioned space: Space directly supplied with heated or cooled air.
3. Cold: Equipment, ductwork or piping handling media at design temperature of

16 degrees C (60 degrees F) or below.
4. Concealed: Ductwork and piping above ceilings and in chases, interstitial

space, and pipe spaces.
5. Exposed: Piping, ductwork, and equipment exposed to view in finished areas

including mechanical, Boiler Plant and electrical equipment rooms or
exposed to outdoor weather. Attics and crawl spaces where air handling units
are located are considered to be mechanical rooms. Shafts, chases,
interstitial spaces, unfinished attics, crawl spaces and pipe basements are
not considered finished areas.
6. FSK: Foil-scrim-kraft facing.
7. Hot: HVAC Ductwork handling air at design temperature above 16 degrees C

(60 degrees F);HVAC and plumbing equipment or piping handling media
above 41 degrees C (105 degrees F); Boiler Plant breechings and stack
temperature range 150-370 degrees C(300-700 degrees F) and piping media
and equipment 32 to 230 degrees C(90 to 450 degrees F)
8. Density: Kcm - kilograms per cubic meter (Pcf - pounds per cubic foot).
9. Runouts: Branch pipe connections up to 25-mm (one-inch) nominal size to

fan coil units or reheat coils for terminal units.
10. Thermal conductance: Heat flow rate through materials.
a. Flat surface: Watt per square meter (BTU per hour per square foot).
b. Pipe or Cylinder: Watt per square meter (BTU per hour per linear
foot).
11. Thermal Conductivity (k): Watt per meter, per degree C (BTU per inch
thickness, per hour, per square foot, per degree F temperature difference).
12. CH: Chilled water supply.
13. CHR: Chilled water return.
14. RS: Refrigerant suction.
Page 1 of 14
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 01340 - Sample and Shop Drawings
B. Section 07841 – Through penetration Firestopping Systems
C. Section 15050 - Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods
A. Refer to article QUALITY ASSURANCE, in Section 15010.
B. Criteria:
1. Comply with NFPA 90A, particularly paragraphs 2-3.3.1 through 2-3.3.5; 2-

3.10.2(a); and 3-4.6.4, parts of which are quoted as follows:
a. 2-3.3.1 Pipe insulation and coverings, duct coverings, duct linings,

vapor retarder facings, adhesive, fasteners, tapes and supplementary
materials added to air ducts, plenums, panels and duct silencers
used in duct systems shall have, in the form in which they are used, a
maximum flame spread index of 25 without evidence of continued
progressive combustion and a maximum smoke developed index of
50. Where these products are to be applied with adhesive, they shall
be tested with such adhesive applied or the adhesive used shall have
a maximum flame spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke
developed index of 50 when in the final dry state.
b. Closure systems for use with rigid and flexible air ducts tested in
accordance with UL 181, Standard for Safety Factory-Made Air Ducts
and Air Connectors, shall have been tested and listed in accordance
with UL 181A, Standard for Safety Closure Systems for Use with
Rigid Air Ducts and Air Connectors, or UL 181B, Standard for Safety
Closure Systems for Use with Flexible Air Ducts and Air Connectors,
and used in accordance with the conditions of their listings.
Exception No. 1: This requirement shall not apply to air duct

weatherproof coverings where they are located entirely outside of a
building, do not penetrate a wall or roof, and do not create an
exposure hazard.
Exception No. 2: Smoke detectors required by 4-4.2.
c. 2-3.3.2 Air duct, panel and plenum coverings and linings and pipe
insulation and coverings shall not flame, glow, smolder, or smoke
when tested in accordance with a similar test for pipe coverings;
ASTM C 411, Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of
High-Temperature Thermal Insulation at the temperature to which
they are exposed in service. In no case shall the test temperature be
below 250 degrees F (121 degrees C)
d. 2-3.3.3 Air duct coverings shall not extend through walls or floors that
are required to be fire stopped or required to have a fire resistance
rating.
Exception: Where such coverings meet the requirements of 3-4.6.4.
e. 2-3.3.4 Air duct linings shall be interrupted at fire dampers to prevent

interference with the operation of devices.
Page 2 of 14
f. 2-3.3.5 Air duct coverings shall not be installed so as to conceal or

prevent the use of any service openings.
g. 2-3.10.2(a) All materials exposed to the airflow shall be

noncombustible or limited combustible and have a maximum smoke
developed index of 50.
h. 3-4.6.4 Where air ducts pass through walls, floors or partitions that
are required to have a fire resistance rating and where fire dampers
are not required, the opening in the construction around the air duct
shall be as follows:
1) Not exceeding a 2.5 cm (one inch) average clearance on all

sides.
2) Filled solid with an approved material capable of preventing

the passage of flame and hot gases sufficient to ignite cotton
waste when subjected to the time-temperature fire conditions
required for fire barrier penetration as specified in NFPA 251,
Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building
Construction and Materials.
Exception: Where fire dampers are installed, proper clearance for

expansion shall be maintained.
2. Test methods: ASTM E84, UL 723, or NFPA 255.
3. Specified k factors are at 24 degrees C (75 degrees F) mean temperature

unless stated otherwise. Where optional thermal insulation material is used,
select thickness to provide thermal conductance no greater than that for the
specified material. For pipe, use insulation manufacturer's published heat
flow tables. For domestic hot water supply and return, run out insulation and
condensation control insulation, no thickness adjustment need be made.
4. All materials shall be compatible and suitable for service temperature, and
shall not contribute to corrosion or otherwise attack surface to which applied
in either the wet or dry state.
5. Listings or Certification from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., or an equivalent

third party testing laboratory will be required to show that surface burning
characteristics for materials to continue to adhere to the specified ratings.
C. Every package or standard container of insulation or accessories delivered to the job

site for use must have a manufacturer's stamp or label giving the name of the
manufacturer and description of the material.
D. General Requirement for CHW Pipe Insulation

The Cntractor shall comply with the following performance specifications relating to
CHW piping system (equipment, piping, accessories):
 The insulation thickness indicated in the technical specifications are the minimum
thickness to be provided, regardless of whether the performance specifications
specified below are being met or not.
 The temperature rise due to heat gain in the piping system from the source
(chiller) to the farthest AHU/FCU or any point in the piping system shall not
exceed 1.11ºC (2ºF) CHW temperature from the chiller is 5.56ºC (42ºF).
 The insulation thickness and also the workmanship shall be such that the CHW
distribution system (equipment, piping, accessories) shall not have any
Page 3 of 14
condensation at any part and portion thereof, or at any worst case operating
condition including that of ambient.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit in accordance with Section 01340.
B. Shop Drawings:
1. All information, clearly presented, shall be included to determine compliance

with drawings and specifications and ASTM, BS, DIN, Federal and Military
specifications.
a. Insulation materials: Specify each type used and state surface
burning characteristics.
b. Insulation facings and jackets: Each type used. Make it clear that
white finish will be furnished for exposed ductwork, casings and
equipment.
c. Insulation accessory materials: Each type used.
d. Manufacturer's installation and fitting fabrication instructions for
flexible unicellular insulation.
e. Make reference to applicable specification paragraph numbers for
coordination.
C. Samples:
1. Each type of insulation: Minimum size 100 mm (4 inches) square for

board/block/ blanket; 150 mm (6 inches) long, full diameter for round types.
2. Each type of facing and jacket: Minimum size 100 mm (4 inches square).
3. Each accessory material: Minimum 120 ML (4 ounce) liquid container or 120

gram (4 ounce) dry weight for adhesives / cement / mastic.
publications are referenced in the text by basic designation only.
A. Federal Specifications (Fed. Spec.):

HH-B-100 - (Rev. B) Barrier Material Vapor (For Pipe, Duct and
Equipment Thermal, Insulation)
L-P 535 E - Plastic Sheet (Sheeting): Plastic Strip; Poly (Vinyl
Chloride) and Poly (Vinyl Chloride - Vinyl Acetate),
Rigid.
B. Military Specifications (Mil. Spec.):
MIL-A-3316C (2) - Adhesives, Fire-Resistant, Thermal Insulation
MIL-A-24179A - Adhesive, Flexible Unicellular-Plastic NOTICE 1

Thermal Insulation
MIL-C-19565C (1) - Coating Compounds, Thermal Insulation, Fire-and

Water-Resistant, Vapor-Barrier
MIL-C-20079H - Cloth, Glass; Tape, Textile Glass; and Thread, Glass

and Wire-Reinforced Glass
Page 4 of 14
C. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
B209 - Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
C411 - Standard test method for Hot-Surface Performance

of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C449 - Mineral Fiber Hydraulic-Setting Thermal Insulating

and Finishing Cement
C533 - Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation
C534 - Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal

Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form
C612 - Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation
C1126 - Faced or Unfaced Rigid Cellular Phenolic Thermal

Insulation
D1171 - Ozone Resistance
D1667 - Specific Gravity
D1668-Rev.A - Glass Fabrics (Woven and Treated) for Roofing and

Waterproofing
E84-Rev.A - Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

Materials
E662 - Smoke Density
D. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
90A - Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating

Systems
96 - Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of

Commercial Cooking Operations.
251 - Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building

Construction Materials.
255 - Method of Tests of Surface Burning Characteristics

of Building Materials
E. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc (UL):
181 - Standard for Safety Factory -Made Air Ducts and Air
Connectors
181A - Standard for Safety Closure systems for use with

Rigid Air Ducts and Air Connectors
181B - Standard for Safety Closure Systems for use with

Flexible Air Ducts and Air Connectors
723 - UL Standard for Safety Test for Surface Burning

Characteristics of Building Materials with Revision of
12/98
Page 5 of 14
F. British Standards
BS 476 part 7 - Ignitability and Spread of Flame; Class “1”
BS 874 part 2 - Thermal Conductivity
BS 4370 part 2 - Water Vapor Permeability
G. DIN Standards
DIN 52612/52613 - Thermal Conductivity
DIN 52615 - Water-Vapour Diffusion Resistance Factor
DIN 53434 - Water Absorption
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 INSULATION FACINGS AND JACKETS
A. Fed. Spec. HH-B-100 for Vapor Barrier Type I and II: The mold and mildew test
requirement is waived.
1. Type I, low vapor transmission (0.02 perm rating), Beach puncture 50 units:
Use for insulation facing on exposed ductwork, casings and equipment, and
for pipe insulation jackets. Facings and jackets shall be white all service
(ASJ) suitable for painting without sizing.
2. Type II, medium vapor transmission, Beach puncture 25 units: Foil-Scrim-

Kraft (FSK) type for concealed ductwork and equipment.
3. Presized Glass Cloth Jacket, Beach puncture 100 units: Not less than 240
grams per square meter (7.8 ounces per square yard), with integral vapor
barrier where required; for use where specified and in lieu of Type I and Type
II jacket at the Contractor’s option.
4. Factory composite materials may be used provided that they have been
tested and certified by the manufacturer, and witnessed by the authority
having jurisdiction to meet Beach puncture units specified above. Witnessing
of the test may be waived by the authority having jurisdiction.
5. Fire and smoke treatment of jackets and facings shall be permanent. The use
of soluble treatments is not acceptable.
6. Pipe insulation jackets shall have a minimum 40 mm (1 ½ inch) lap at

longitudinal joints and not less than 75 mm (3 inch) butt strips at end joints.
Facing on board, blanket and block insulation shall have 50 mm (2 inch) laps
or a minimum 75 mm (3 inch) butt strips. Butt strips may be self-sealing type
with factory applied pressure sensitive adhesive.
7. PVC Jackets (for indoor CHW Piping): Shall be according to Fed. Spec. L-P-
535, Composition A, Type II, Grade GU. One-piece premolded plastic covers
for fittings, flanges, and valves are limited to indoor piping only.
Page 6 of 14
B. Metal Protective Jacket:
1. Sheet aluminum: ASTM B209, 3003 alloy, H-14 temper, 0.4 mm (0.016 inch)
thick. Provide moisture barrier lining for service temperature 16 ºC (60 ºF) or
less except where applied over a Type I or II jacket. Longitudinal lap shall be
at least 50 mm (2 inches) wide. For service temperature 16 ºC (60 ºF) or less,
seal all jacket laps in accordance with Mil. Spec. MIL-C-19565, Type II
Coating.
2. Fitting covers: Factory fabricated from not lighter than 0.5 mm (0.020 inch)
thick type 3003 sheet aluminum.
3. Bands: 20 mm (3/4 inch) wide aluminum on maximum 450 mm (18 inch)

centers.
4. Provide metal jackets over insulation as follows:
a. All piping and ducts exposed to outdoor weather.

b. Piping exposed in building, within 1800 mm (6 feet) of the floor.
Jacket may be applied with pop rivets. Provide aluminum angle ring
escutcheons at wall, ceiling or floor penetrations.
c. A 50 mm (2 inch) overlap is required at longitudinal and
circumferential joints.
2.2 CLOSED-CELL POLYOLEFIN FOAM INSULATION (BASE OFFER FOR DUCTWORK)
A. Closed-cell polyolefin foam insulation may be provided for ductwork in lieu of mineral
fiber insulation. Insulation efficiency of polyolefin foam must not be less than that of
the specified thickness of mineral fiber insulation, where thickness of polyolefin foam
insulation is not specified.
B. Electron Beam (Physically) Crosslinked, closed cell Polyolefin foam with factory
applied reinforced aluminum foil and acrylic adhesive backing, 25kg/m³ density,
maximum 0.032 W/mK @ 20ºC, non-hydroscopic, water vapor permeability better
than 0.8gm/m²/24hrs (90% RH, 38 ºC), -80 to 100 ºC, service temperature, Class O
fire rating according to BS 476 parts 6 & 7.
1. Exposed, unlined ductwork and equipment in unfinished areas mechanical

and electrical equipment rooms and office containing air handling units, and
ductwork exposed to outdoor weather:
a. 25mm (1 inch) complete with foil adhesive and aluminum foil: Supply
air ducts exposed to ambient, unlined air handling units, and final
filter housing. 19mm (3/4 inch) thick for above ceiling below roof deck
areas (supply and return).
b. 19mm (3/4 inch) thick complete with foil adhesive and aluminum foil
in mixed air plenums and pre-filter housing and to all supply and
return air ducts other than the above.
2.3 MINERAL FIBER INSULATION (ALTERNATIVE OFFER FOR DUCTWORK)
A. Note the NFPA 90A building characteristic requirements of 25/50 in paragraph 1.3.B.
Refer to paragraph 3.1 for items not to be insulated.
B. ASTM C612 (Board, Block), Class 1 or 2, K = 0.037 Watt per meter, per degree C
(0.26 BTU-in/ft² hr ºF), external insulation for temperatures up to 204 ºC (400 ºF).
Page 7 of 14
1. Exposed, unlined ductwork and equipment in unfinished areas, mechanical

and electrical equipment rooms, and attics containing air handling units, and
ductwork exposed to outdoor weather:
a. 50 mm (2 inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ (white all service

jacket): Supply air ducts exposed to ambient, unlined air handling
units, and final filter housing. (40 mm (1-1/2 inch) thick for above
ceilings below roof deck areas (supply and return).
b. 40 mm (1-1/2 inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ: Mixed air
plenums and prefilter housing.
c. 25mm (1 inch) thick insulation faced with ASJ: Supply and return
air ducts other than the above.
d. Outside air ducts: No insulation required.
C. Firestop Pipe and Duct Insulation:
1. Provide firestopping insulation at fire and smoke barriers through

penetrations. Firestopping insulation shall be UL listed and as defined in
Section 07841.
2. Pipe and duct penetrations requiring fire stop insulation including, but not
limited to the following:
a. Pipe risers through mechanical room floors.

b. Pipe or duct chase walls and floors.
c. Smoke partitions.
d. Fire partitions.
2.4 FLEXIBLE CLOSED CELL ELASTOMERIC RUBBER INSULATION (BASE OFFER FOR PIPING)
A. ASTM C534, k = 0.033 Watt per meter, per degree C (0.27), flame spread not over
25, smoke developed not over 50, for temperatures from minus 4 degrees C (40
degrees F) to 93 degrees C (200 degrees F). No jacket required except those
required under item 2.1 B above.
B. Pipe insulation: Nominal thickness in millimeters (inches are specified in table below
for piping above ground:
Nominal Pipe Size 25 (1) & 32-65 75-250 350 & Up

millimeters (inches) below) (1¼-2½) (3”-10”) (14” & up)
(Tube) (Tube) (Sheet) (Sheet)
1. 4-16 ºC (40-60 ºF) (CH, 25 32 40 50

CHR) (1.0) (1 1/4) (1.5) (2)
a. Runouts to fan coil 20 25 32 -

units, cooling coil (0.75) (1.0) (1 ¼)
condensate piping
2. 10 ºC (50 ºF) and 20 25

less, RS for DX (0.75) (1)
refrigerants
C. Use Class S (Sheet), 25 mm 1 (inch) thick for the following:
1. Chilled water pumps
Page 8 of 14
2. Chillers, insulate any cold chiller surfaces subject to condensation which has
not been factory insulated.
3. Expansion tank, chemical pot feeder, water filter/separator.
2.5 PRE-INSULATED PIPING SYSTEM (ALTERNATIVE OFFER FOR PIPING)
A. General
All chilled water lines shall be pre-insulated type using polyurethane. All straight
sections, fittings, anchors and other accessories shall be factory fabricated. Each
system layout shall be computer analyzed by the piping system manufacturer to
determine stress on the carrier pipe and anticipated thermal movement of the service
pipe. The system design shall in strict conformance with ANSI B31.1, latest edition.
Factory trained field technical assistance shall be provided for critical periods of
installation; unloading, field joint instruction and testing.
B. Service Pipe
Internal Piping shall have similar specifications as in chilled water pipes under
Section 15181. All joints shall be butt-welded for 2 ½ inches and greater, and socket
or butt-welded for 2 inches and below. Where possible, straight sections shall be
supplied in 40-foot random lengths with piping exposed at each end for field joint
fabrication.
C. Accessories
End seals, gland seals and anchors shall be designed and factory fabricated to
prevent the ingress of moisture into the system.
D. Insulation
Service pipe insulation shall be spray applied. 16k-factor, R141B blowing agent,
nominal 2 pound per cubic foot density, polyurethane foam for straight sections and
preformed polyurethane foam for all fittings. To ensure no voids are present, all
insulation shall be inspected by one of the following three methods: visually checked
prior to application of the protective jacket or infrared inspection of the entire length
24 hours after foaming is complete. The insulation shall be applied to the minimum
thickness specified below. The insulation thickness shall not be less than indicated in
these specifications for hot water piping systems:
Pipe Size (In.) Insulation Thickness

1” to 6” 1
8” – 14” 1
16” – 24” 1.5
E. Protective Jacket
Insulation jackets shall be as per specified under item 2.1.
F. Field Joints
The internal pipe shall be hydrostatically tested to 1½ times the operating pressure.
Insulation shall then be poured in place into the field weld area. All field applied
insulation shall be placed only in straight sections. Field insulation of fittings shall not
be accessible. The mold for the polyurethane shall be made of clear adhesive
backed polyester film. The installer shall seal the field joint area with a heat
shrinkable adhesive backed wrap or with wrappings of glass reinforcement fully
saturated with a catalyzed resin identical in properties to the factory-applied resin.
Page 9 of 14
Backfilling shall not begin until the heat shrink wrap has cooled. All insulation and
coating materials for making the field joint shall be furnished by the piping system
manufacture.
2.6 CALCIUM SILICATE INSULATION (UNDER GENSET PACKAGE)
A. ASTM C533:
Type I Type II
Use temperature, maximum ºC (ºF) 649 (1200) 927 (1700)

Density (dry), max kg/m ³ (lb/ft³) 240 (15) 352 (22)
Thermal Conductivity:
W/m K (Btu in/h ft² ºF) @ mean temp of 93 ºC 0.065 (0.45) 0.078 (0.54)
(200 ºF)
Surface Burning Characteristics:
Flame Spread Index, Max 0 0
Smoke Density Index, Max 0
B. Engine Exhaust Insulation for Emergency Generators.
Type II, Class D, 65 mm (2 ½ inch) nominal thickness. Cover exhaust completely

form engine through roof or wall construction, including muffler.
2.7 DUCT WRAP FOR KITCHEN HOOD GREASE DUCTS
A. Light weight, high temperature mineral fiber of 50mm (2 inches) thick or ceramic
insulating material with low thermal conductivity K value of 0.033 W/m ºC (0.230 Btu
in/hr ft² Fº) at mean temperature of 38 ºC (100 ºF).
B. Material shall be fully encapsulated by UL classified aluminum foil and tested to

ASTM E84 standard.
C. Material shall be UL tested for internal grease fire to 1093 ºC (2,000 ºF) with zero
clearance and for through-penetration firestop.
D. Provide stainless steel jacket for all exterior and exposed interior ductwork.
E. Material shall be UL classified for 1 hour, 2 hours, fire rating for grease duct
enclosure, and meet NFPA 96 requirements for direct applied insulating material to
grease ducts with zero clearance.
F. Material flame spread and smoke developed ratings shall not be higher than 5, as per
ASTM E 84/UL 723 flammability test.
2.8 INSULATION ACCESSORY M ATERIALS
A. Insulation inserts at pipe supports: Provide for all insulated piping. Install with metal
insulation shields furnished with pipe supports, Section 15050.
1. Material: Premolded, high density mineral fiber blocks, minimum density 320
kcm (20 pcf), of same thickness as adjacent insulation.
Nominal Pipe size Insert Blocks

Millimeters (inches) Millimeters (inches)
Page 10 of 14
Up through 125 (5) 150 (6) long

150 (6) 150 (6) long
200, 250, 300 (8, 10, 12) 300 (12) long
450 through 600 (18 through 24) 350 (14) long
2. Optional insert material: 82 ºC (180 ºF) segment of calcium silicate, cellular

glass, or mineral fiber 144 kcm (9 pcf) minimum density insert.
B. Adhesive, Mastic, Cement
1. Mil. Spec. MIL-A-3316, Class 1: Jacket and lap adhesive and protective finish
coating for insulation.
2. Mil. Spec. MIL-A-3316, Class 2: Adhesive for laps and for adhering insulation
to metal surface.
3. Mil. Spec. MIL-A-24179, Type II Class 1: Adhesive for installing flexible

unicellular insulation and for laps and general use.
4. Mil. Spec. MIL-C-19565, Type I: Protective finish for outdoor use.
5. Mil. Spec. MIL-C-19565, Type I or Type II: Vapor barrier compound for indoor
use.
6. ASTM C449: Mineral fiber hydraulic-setting thermal insulating and finishing

cement.
7. Other: Insulation manufacturer’s published recommendations.
C. Mechanical Fasteners:
1. Pins, anchors: Welded pins, or metal or nylon anchors with tin-coated or fiber
washer, or clips. Pin diameter shall be as recommended by the insulation
manufacturer.
2. Staples: Outward clinching monel or stainless steel.
3. Wire: 1.3 mm thick (18 gage) soft annealed galvanized, or 1.9 mm (14 gage)
copper clad steel or nickel copper alloy.
4. Bands: 20mm (3/3 inch) nominal width, brass, galvanized steel, aluminum or
stainless steel.
D. Reinforcement and Finishes:
1. Glass Fabric, open weave: ASTM D1668, Type III (resin treated) and Type I
(asphalt treated).
2. Glass fiber fitting tape: Mil.Spec. MIL-C-20079, Type II, Class 1.
3. Tape for Flexible Unicellular Insulation: Scoth No. 472, Nashua PE-12, or
approved equal recommended by the insulation manufacturer.
4. Hexagonal wire netting: 25 mm (one inch) mesh, 0.85 mm thick (22 gage)
galvanized steel.
5. Corner beads: 50 mm (2 inch) by 50 mm (2 inch), 0.55 mm thick (26 gage)

galvanized steel; or, 25 mm (1 inch) by 25 mm (1 inch), 0.47 mm thick (28
gage) aluminum angle adhered to 50 mm (2 inch) by 50 mm (2 inch) Kraft
paper.
Page 11 of 14
6. PVC fitting cover: Fed. Spec. L-P-535, Composition A, 11-86 Type II, Grade
GU, with Form B Mineral Fiber insert, for media temperature ºC (40 ºF) to
121 ºC (250 ºF). Below 4 ºF) and above 121 ºC (250 ºF) provide double layer
insert. Provide color matching, vapor barrier, pressure sensitive tape.
E. Firestopping Material, Other than Pipe and Duct Insulation: Refer to Section 07841.
A. Required pressure tests of duct and piping joints and connections shall be completed
and the work approved by the Resident Engineer for application of insulation. Surface
shall be clean and dry with all foreign materials, such as dirt, oil, loose scale and rust
removed.
B. Except for specific exceptions, insulate entire specified equipment, piping (pipe,
fittings, valves, accessories), and duct systems. Insulate each pipe and duct
individually. Do not use scrap pieces of insulation where a full length section will fit.
C. Where removal of insulation of piping, ductwork and equipment is required to comply

with Asbestos Abatement, such areas shall be reinsulated to comply with this
specification.
D. Insulation materials shall be installed in a first class manner with smooth and even
surfaces, with jackets and facings drawn tight and smoothly cemented down at all
laps. Insulation shall be continuous through all sleeves and openings, except at fire
dampers and duct heaters (NFPA 90A). Vapor retarders shall be continuous and
uninterrupted throughout systems with operating temperature 16 degrees C (60
degrees F) and below. Lap and seal vapor barrier over ends and exposed edges of
insulation. Anchors, supports and other metal projections through insulation on cold
surfaces shall be insulated and vapor sealed for a minimum length of 150 mm (6
inches).
E. Install vapor stops at all insulation terminations on either side of valves, pumps and
equipment and particularly in straight lengths of pipe insulation.
F. Construct insulation on parts of equipment such as chilled water pumps and heads of
chillers, convertors and heat exchangers that must be opened periodically for
maintenance or repair, so insulation can be removed and replaced without damage.
Install insulation with bolted 1 mm thick (20 gage) galvanized steel or aluminum
covers as complete units, or in sections, with all necessary supports, and split to
coincide with flange/split of the equipment.
G. HVAC work not to be insulated:
1. Internally insulated ductwork and air handling units. Omit insulation on relief
air ducts.
2. Exhaust air ducts and plenums, and ventilation exhaust air shafts, unless
otherwise specified.
G. Apply insulation materials subject to the manufacturer's recommended temperature

limits. Apply adhesives, mastic and coatings at the manufacturer's recommended
minimum coverage.
Page 12 of 14
3.2 INSULATION INSTALLATION
A. Mineral Fiber Board:
1. Faced board: Apply board on pins spaced not more than 300 mm (12 inches)
on center each way, and not less than 75 mm (3 inches) from each edge of
board. In addition to pins, apply insulation bonding adhesive to entire
underside of horizontal metal surfaces. Butt insulation edges tightly and seal
all joints with laps and butt strips. After applying speed clips cut pins off flush
and apply vapor seal patches over clips.
2. Plain board:
a. Insulation shall be scored, beveled or mitered to provide tight joints
and be secured to equipment with bands spaced 225 mm (9 inches)
on center for irregular surfaces or with pins and clips on flat surfaces.
Use corner beads to protect edges of insulation.
b. For hot equipment: Stretch 25 mm (1 inch) mesh wire, with edges
wire laced together, over insulation and finish with insulating and
finishing cement applied in one coat, 6 mm (1/4 inch) thick, trowel led
to a smooth finish.
c. For cold equipment: Apply meshed glass fabric in a tack coat 1.5 to
1.7 square meter per liter (60 to 70 square feet per gallon) of vapor
mastic and finish with mastic at 0.3 to 0.4 square meter per liter (12
to 15 square feet per gallon) over the entire fabric surface.
d. Chilled water pumps: Insulate with removable and replaceable 1 mm
thick (20 gage) aluminum or galvanized steel covers lined with
insulation. Seal closure joints/flanges of covers with gasket material.
Fill void space in enclosure with flexible mineral fiber insulation.
B. Closed-Cell Polyolefin Foam Insulation
1. The insulation must be installed in accordance with manufacturer’s

instructions.
2. All joints should be butted firmly against each other, Seal all joints with 75mm
reinforced aluminum foil tape. No gluing of joints is required.
3. Insulate each duct separately. Flanges should be insulated with a 120mm

wide strip of insulation material, ensuring joints are sealed with 75mm
reinforced aluminum foil tape.
4. No additional vapor barrier, or coatings are required.
5. All supporting hangers should be lined with the same insulation material to
avoid excess compression of insulation. (Refer manufacturer’s instructions).
6. Ensure no air pockets during the installation of the insulation to the duct.
C. Flexible Closed-Cell Elastomeric Rubber Insulation:
1. Apply insulation and fabricate fittings in accordance with the manufacturer's

installation instructions and finish with two coats of weather resistant finish as
recommended by the insulation manufacturer.
2. Pipe and tubing insulation:

a. Use proper size material. Do not stretch or strain insulation.
Page 13 of 14
b. To avoid undue compression of insulation, provide cork stoppers or

wood inserts at supports as recommended by the insulation
manufacturer. Insulation shields are specified under Section 15050.
c. Where possible, slip insulation over the pipe or tubing prior to
connection, and seal the butt joints with adhesive. Where the slip-on
technique is not possible, slit the insulation and apply it to the pipe
sealing the seam and joints with contact adhesive. Optional tape
sealing, as recommended by the manufacturer, may be employed.
Make changes from mineral fiber insulation in a straight run of pipe,
not at a fitting. Seal joint with tape.
3. Apply sheet insulation to flat or large curved surfaces with 100 percent
adhesive coverage. For fittings and large pipe, apply adhesive to seams only.
D. Pipe and Duct Insulation at Penetrations of Fire or Smoke Barriers:
1. Wrap pipe or duct with firestop pipe insulation, seal jacket seam and seal and
joints to adjacent sections of insulation.
2. Seal opening between insulation and pipe sleeve with firestopping material.
3. Among pipe and duct penetrations requiring fire stop insulation are the
following:
a. Floor (platform) of interstitial space (ducts and pipes).
b. Pipe risers through mechanical room floors.
c. Pipe or duct chase walls and floors.
d. Smoke partitions.
e. Fire partitions.
F. Duct Wrap for Kitchen Hood Grease Ducts:
1. The insulation thickness, layers and installation method shall be as per

recommendations of the manufacturer to maintain the fire integrity and
performance rating.
G. Calcium Silicate Insulation:
1. The installation and fastening method shall be as per manufacturer’s

recommendations.
2. Conform to workmanship and dimensional tolerances as required by ASTM

C533 standard.
H. Weatherproofing Outdoor Insulation:
1. Piping, round and oval ducts: Protective metal jacket.
2. Plenums, casing, fans, rectangular or square ducts and equipments: apply

two coats of weatherproof coating, Mil. Spec. MIL-C-19565, each trowelled or
sprayed in palce to a wet thickness of 6 mm (1/4 inch), reinforced with open
weave glass fabric. After the second layer of mastic has dried, coat and seal
with a layer of asphalt aluminum sealer brushed in place.
3. Flexible elastomeric cellular and polyethylene insulation: Finish with two
coats of weather resistant finish as recommended by the insulation
manufacturer.
END OF SECTION
Page 14 of 14
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Refrigerant Piping SECTION 15183
PART 1 – GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 RELATED WORK .................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE ............................................................................................................ 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.5 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS .................................................................................................... 2
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 4
2.1 PIPING AND FITTINGS ............................................................................................................. 4
2.2 PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE GAGES ......................................................................................... 5
2.3 THERMOMETERS AND W ELLS ................................................................................................. 5
2.4 PIPE SUPPORTS .................................................................................................................... 5
2.5 HEATING TAPE...................................................................................................................... 5
2.6 REFRIGERANTS AND OILS ...................................................................................................... 6
2.7 PIPE/CONDUIT ROOF PENETRATION COVER ........................................................................... 6
2.8 PIPE INSULATION FOR DX HVAC SYSTEMS............................................................................ 6
2.9 PIPE INSULATION FOR W ALK-IN REFRIGERATORS AND FREEZERS ............................................ 6
PART 3 - EXECUTION ........................................................................................................................... 6
3.1 INSTALLATION ....................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 PIPE AND TUBING INSULATION ................................................................................................ 7
3.3 SIGNS AND IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................................... 7
3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL ...................................................................................................... 9
3.5 FIELD TESTS ......................................................................................................................... 9
3.5 SYSTEM TEST AND CHARGING ................................................................................................ 9
SECTION 15183
REFRIGERANT PIPING
PART 1 – GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Field refrigerant piping for direct expansion HVAC systems. Field refrigerant piping
and associated drain and condenser water piping for walk-in refrigerators and
freezers, including required pipe insulation.
B. Definitions:
1. Refrigerating system: Combination of interconnected refrigerant-containing

parts constituting one closed refrigeration circuit in which a refrigerant is
circulated for the purpose of extracting heat.
a. Low side means the parts of a refrigerating system subjected to

evaporator pressure.
b. High side means the parts of a refrigerating system subjected to

condenser pressure.
2. Brazed joint: A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts with alloys
which melt at temperatures higher than 427 degrees C (800 degrees F) but
less than the melting temperatures of the joined parts.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15010 – Mechanical General Provisions
B. Section 15050 – Basic Mechanical Materials And Methods: General mechanical

requirements and items, which are common to more than one section of Division 15.
C. Section 15080 – Mechanical Insulation: Requirements for piping insulation.
D. Section 15181 – Hydronic Piping: Requirements for water and drain piping and valves.
A. Refer to specification Section 15010.
B. Comply with ASHRAE Standard 15, Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration. The
application of this Code is intended to assure the safe design, construction,
installation, operation, and inspection of every refrigerating system employing a fluid
which normally is vaporized and liquefied in its refrigerating cycle.
C. Comply with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX: Welding and
Brazing Qualifications.
D. Products shall comply with UL 207 "Refrigerant–Containing Components and

Accessories, "Nonelectrical"; or UL 429 "Electrical Operated Valves."
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit in accordance with specification Section 15010.
Page 1 of 9
1. Sufficient information for components noted, including valves and refrigerant

piping accessories, clearly presented, shall be included to determine
compliance with drawings and specifications for components noted below:
a. Tubing and fittings
b. Valves
c. Strainers
d. Moisture-liquid indicators
e. Filter-driers
f. Flexible metal hose
g. Liquid-suction interchanges
h. Oil separators (when specified)
i. Gages
j. Pipe and equipment supports
k. Flexible elastomeric pipe insulation
l. Refrigerant and oil
m. Pipe/conduit roof penetration cover
n. Soldering and brazing materials
2. Layout of refrigerant piping and accessories, including flow capacities, valves

locations, and oil traps slopes of horizontal runs, floor/wall penetrations, and
equipment connection details.
B. Certification: Copies of certificates for welding procedure, performance qualification

record and list of welders' names and symbols.
C. Design Manual: Furnish two copies of design manual of refrigerant valves and
accessories.
A. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI):
495 - Refrigerant Liquid Receivers
760 - Solenoid Valves for Use with Volatile Refrigerants
B. American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE):
15 - Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration
17 - Method of Testing Capacity of Thermostatic Refrigerant

Expansion Valves
63.1 - Method of Testing Liquid Line Refrigerant Driers
Page 2 of 9
69 - Methods of Testing Discharge line Refrigerant-Oil Separators
C. American National Standards Institute (ANSI):
A13.1 - Scheme for Identification of Piping Systems
B16.22 - Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure

Fittings
B16.24 - Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class
150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500, (Errata-1991, R
(1998)
B31.5 - Refrigeration Piping
Z535.1 - Safety Color Code
D. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME):
ASME - Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes, Section 9 – Qualification

Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders,
Brazers, and Welding and Brazing Operators
E. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
A126 - Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges and Pipe Fittings.
B32 - Standard Specification for Solder Metal
B88 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
B88-M - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube

(Metric)
B280 - Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Air

Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service
F. American Welding Society, Inc. (AWS):
A5.8 - Standard Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze
Welding.
G. Federal Specifications (FS):
GG - G -76 - Gages, Pressure and Vacuum, Dial Indicating (for Air, Steam,
Oil, Water, Ammonia, Chloro-Flouro Hydrocarbon and
Compressed Gases)
H. National Electrical Manufacturer’s Association (NEMA):
NEMA 250 - Enclosure for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts)
I. Underwriters Laboratories (U.L.):
UL 207 - Standard for Refrigerant-Containing Components and

Accessories, Nonelectrical
UL 429 - Standard for Electrically Operated Valves
Page 3 of 9
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 PIPING AND FITTINGS
A. Refrigerant Piping: Copper refrigerant tube, ASTM B280, cleaned, dehydrated and
sealed, marked ACR on hard temper straight lengths. Coils shall be tagged ASTM
B280 by the manufacturer. Or aluminum refrigerant tube, ASTM B75-02 (subject to
extended warranty coverage by aluminum tube supplier).
B. Water and Drain Piping: Copper water tube, ASTM B88, Type M or L, or refrigerant
tube ASTM B280.
C. Fittings, Valves and Accessories:
1. Solder joints: Wrought copper fittings, ANSI B16.22.
a. Solder, refrigerant tubing: Cadmium free, AWS A5.8, 45 percent

silver brazing alloy, Class Bag-5.
b. Solder, water and drain: 95-5 tin-antimony, ASTM B32 (95TA).
2. Flanges and flanged fittings: ANSI B16.24.
3. Refrigeration Valves:
a. Stop Valves: Brass or bronze alloy, packless, or packed type with gas
tight cap, frost proof, backseating.
b. Pressure Relief Valves: Forged brass with nonferrous, corrosion

resistant internal working parts of high strength, cast iron bodies
conforming to ASTM A126, Grade B. Set valves in accordance with
ASHRAE Standard 15.
c. Solenoid Valves: ARI 760, UL-listed, two-position, direct acting or

pilot-operated, moisture and vapor-proof type of corrosion resisting
materials, designed for intended service, and solder-end connections.
Fitted with suitable NEMA 250 enclosure of type required by location
and normally open holding coil.
d. Thermostatic Expansion Valves: Brass body with stainless- steel or

non-corrosive non ferrous internal parts, diaphragm and spring-
loaded (direct-operated) type with sensing bulb and distributor having
side connection for hot-gas bypass and external equalizer. Size and
operating characteristics as recommended by manufacturer of
evaporator and factory set for superheat requirements. Solder-end
connections. Testing and rating in accordance with ASHRAE
Standard 17.
e. Check Valves: Brass or bronze alloy with swing or lift type, with tight
closing resilient seals for silent operation; designed for low pressure
drop, and with solder-end connections. Direction of flow shall be
legibly and permanently indicated on the valve body.
4. Strainers: Designed to permit removing screen without removing strainer from

piping system, and provided with screens 80 to 100 mesh in liquid lines up to
30 mm (1-1/8 inch), 60 mesh in liquid lines over 30 mm (1-1/8 inch), and 40
mesh in suction lines. Provide strainers in liquid line serving each thermostatic
expansion valve, and in suction line serving each refrigerant compressor not
equipped with integral strainer.
Page 4 of 9
5. Refrigerant Moisture/Liquid Indicators: Double-ported type having heavy sight

glasses sealed into forged bronze body and incorporating means of indicating
refrigerant charge and moisture indication. Provide screwed brass seal caps.
6. Refrigerant Filter-Dryers: UL listed, angle or in-line type, as shown on

drawings. Conform to ASHRAE Standard 63. Heavy gage steel shell
protected with corrosion-resistant paint; perforated baffle plates to prevent
desiccant bypass. Size as recommended by manufacturer for service and
capacity of system with connection not less than the line size in which
installed. Filter driers with replaceable filters shall be furnished with one spare
element of each type and size.
7. Flexible Metal Hose: Seamless bronze corrugated hose, covered with bronze
wire braid, with standard copper tube ends. Provide in suction and discharge
piping of each compressor.
8. Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger: Designed for counter flow and for free
drainage of oil. Size shall suit system conditions and refrigerant used.
Interchangers shall be ASME construction or UL listed.
9. Water Piping Valves and Accessories: Refer to specification Section 15181.
10. Oil Separators: Provide for condensing units, as shown. All welded steel
construction with capacity to eliminate a minimum of 95 percent of the oil from
the hot gas flowing through it. Provide manufacturer's published ratings for
minimum and maximum refrigeration tonnage corresponding to this oil
separating efficiency. Conform to ASHRAE Standard 69. Separator shall be
equipped with a float valve to prevent return of the hot gas to crankcase, and
shall have isolating stop valves so it can be opened and services without
pumping out any other part of the system. ASME construction or UL listed.
11. Receivers: Conform to ARI 495, steel construction, equipped with tappings for
liquid inlet and outlet valves, pressure relief valve and liquid level indicator.
2.2 PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE GAGES
A. Fed. Spec. GG-G-76, Type III (freon), 65 mm (2-l/2 inch) minimum diameter, bottom
connection, one percent accuracy, graduated in kPa gage (psig) and corresponding
refrigerant temperature, with pressure snubber.
B. Provide board-mounted gages of the following ranges for each compressor. Provide
gage shut-off valve.
1. Suction: 101 kPa (30 inches Hg) vacuum to 1723 kPa (gage) (250 psig).
2. Discharge: 0 to 3445 kPa (gage) (0 to 500 psig).
2.3 THERMOMETERS AND WELLS

2.4 PIPE SUPPORTS

2.5 HEATING TAPE

Refer to specification Section 15181. Provide for freezer unit cooler drain piping.
Page 5 of 9
2.6 REFRIGERANTS AND OILS

Provide required refrigerant and oil for proper system operation. Refrigerant gas to be used
shall be HFC-407C, HFC-410A or equivalent type.
2.7 PIPE/CONDUIT ROOF PENETRATION COVER
A. Prefabricated Roof Curb: Galvanized steel or extruded aluminum 300 mm (12 inches)
overall height, continuous welded corner seams, treated wood nailer, 40 mm (1-1/2
inch) thick, 48 kg (3 pound) density rigid mineral fiberboard insulation with metal liner,
built-in cant strip (except for gypsum or tectum decks). For surface insulated roof
deck, provide raised cant strip (recessed mounting flange) to start at the upper
surface of the insulation. Curbs shall be constructed for pitched roof or ridge mounting
as required to keep top of curb level.
B. Penetration Cover: Galvanized sheet metal with flanged removable top. Provide 40
mm (1-1/2 inch) thick mineral fiber board insulation.
C. Flashing Sleeves: Provide sheet metal sleeves for conduit and pipe penetrations of
the penetration cover. Seal watertight penetrations.
2.8 PIPE INSULATION FOR DX HVAC SYSTEMS
2.9 PIPE INSULATION FOR WALK-IN REFRIGERATORS AND FREEZERS
A. Flexible elastomeric: Refer to specification Section 15080.
B. Insulate refrigerant suction piping from unit cooler to condensing unit. Use 20 mm
(3/4-inch) thick insulation on piping inside the refrigerator or freezer and 40 mm (1-1/2
inch) thick insulation (double layer required) on piping outside the refrigerated space.
C. Insulate unit cooler drain piping in freezer units, over electric heat tracing tape, to
prevent drain from freezing during defrost.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Install refrigerant piping and refrigerant containing parts in accordance with ASHRAE
Standard 15 and ANSI B31.5. Refrigerant piping shall be brazed with 15 percent silver
solder in accordance with AWS A5.8.
1. Install piping as short as possible, with a minimum number of joints, elbow

and fittings.
2. Install piping with adequate clearance between pipe and adjacent walls and
hangers to allow for service and inspection. Space piping, including insulation,
to provide 25 mm (one inch) minimum clearance between adjacent piping or
other surface. Use pipe sleeves through walls, floors, and ceilings, sized to
permit installation of pipes with full thickness insulation.
3. Locate and orient valves to permit proper operation and access for
maintenance of packing, seat and disc. Generally locate valve stems in
overhead piping in horizontal position. Provide a union adjacent to one end of
Page 6 of 9
all threaded end valves. Control valves usually require reducers to connect to
pipe sizes shown on the drawing.
4. Use copper tubing in protective conduit when installed below ground.
5. Swab fittings and valves with manufacturer's recommended cleaning fluid to

remove oil and other compounds prior to installation.
6. Install hangers and supports per ANSI B31.5 and the refrigerant piping
manufacturer's recommendations.
B. Protect refrigerant system during construction against entrance of foreign matter, dirt
and moisture; have open ends of piping and connections to compressors,
condensers, evaporators and other equipment tightly capped until assembly.
C. Pass nitrogen gas through the pipe or tubing to prevent oxidation as each joint is
brazed. Cap the system with a reusable plug after each brazing operation to retain the
nitrogen and prevent entrance of air and moisture.
D. Pipe relief valve discharge to outdoors for systems containing more than 45 kg (100
pounds) of refrigerant.
E. Firestopping: Fill openings around uninsulated piping penetrating floors or fire walls,
with firestop material. For firestopping insulated piping refer to Section 15080.
F. Seismic Bracing: Refer to specification Section 15071, for bracing of piping.
3.2 PIPE AND TUBING INSULATION
A. Apply flexible cellular insulation and fabricate fittings in accordance with the
manufacturer's written instructions.
B. Use proper size material. Do not stretch or strain insulation.
C. To avoid undue compression of insulation, provide cork stoppers or wood inserts at

supports as recommended by the insulation manufacturer. Insulation shields are
specified under specification Section 15050.
D. Where possible, slip insulation over the pipe or tubing prior to connection, and seal
the butt joints with adhesive. Where the slip-on technique is not possible, slit the
insulation and apply it to the pipe sealing the seam and joints with contact adhesive.
Optional tape sealing, as recommended by the manufacturer, may be employed.
E. Apply two coats of weather-resistant finish as recommended by the manufacturer to

insulation exposed to outdoor weather.
3.3 SIGNS AND IDENTIFICATION
A. Each refrigerating system erected on the premises shall be provided with an easily
legible permanent sign securely attached and easily accessible, indicating thereon the
name and address of the installer, the kind and total number of pounds of refrigerant
required in the system for normal operations, and the field test pressure applied.
B. Systems containing more than 50 kg (110 lb) of refrigerant shall be provided with
durable signs, in accordance with ANSI A13.1 and ANSI Z53.1, having letters not less
than 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) in height designating:
1. Valves and switches for controlling refrigerant flow, the ventilation and the
refrigerant compressor(s).
Page 7 of 9
2. Signs on all exposed high pressure and low pressure piping installed outside
the machinery room, with name of the refrigerant and the letters "HP" or "LP."
Page 8 of 9
3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
Prior to initial operation examine and inspect piping system for conformance to plans and
specifications and ASME 31.5. Equipment, material, or work rejected because of defects or
nonconformance with plans and specifications, and the Contractor shall correct ANSI codes
for pressure piping.
3.5 FIELD TESTS
A. After completion of piping installation and prior to initial operation, conduct test on
piping system according to ASME B31.5. Furnish materials and equipment required
for tests. Perform tests in the presence of Consultant. If the test fails, correct defects
and perform the test again until it is satisfactorily done and all joints are proved tight.
1. Every refrigerant-containing parts of the system that is erected on the

premises, except compressors, condensers, evaporators, safety devices,
pressure gages, control mechanisms and systems that are factory tested,
shall be tested and proved tight after complete installation, and before
operation.
2. The high and low side of each system shall be tested and proved tight at not
less than the lower of the design pressure or the setting of the pressure-relief
device protecting the high or low side of the system, respectively, except
systems erected on the premises using non-toxic and non-flammable Group
A1 refrigerants with copper tubing not exceeding 16 mm (0.62 in) O.D. This
may be tested by means of the refrigerant charged into the system at the
saturated vapor pressure of the refrigerant at 20 degrees C (68 degrees F)
minimum.
B. Test Medium: A suitable dry gas such as nitrogen or shall be used for pressure
testing. The means used to build up test pressure shall have either a pressure-limiting
device or pressure-reducing device with a pressure-relief device and a gage on the
outlet side. The pressure relief device shall be set above the test pressure but low
enough to prevent permanent deformation of the system components.
3.5 SYSTEM TEST AND CHARGING
A. System Test and Charging: As recommended by the equipment manufacturer or as

follows:
1. Connect a drum of refrigerant to charging connection and introduce enough

refrigerant into system to raise the pressure to 70 kPa (10 psi) gage. Close
valves and disconnect refrigerant drum. Test system for leaks with halide test
torch or other approved method suitable for the test gas used. Repair all
leaking joints and retest.
2. Connect a drum of dry nitrogen to charging valve and bring test pressure to
design pressure for low side and for high side. Refer to Article 1.3, QUALITY
ASSURANCE. Test entire system again for leaks.
Page 9 of 9
3. Evacuate the entire refrigerant system by the triplicate evacuation method

with a vacuum pump equipped with an electronic gage reading in mPa
(microns). Pull the system down to 665 mPa (500 microns) and hold for four
hours then break the vacuum with dry nitrogen (or refrigerant). Repeat the
evacuation two more times breaking the third vacuum with the refrigeration to
be charged and charge with the proper volume of refrigerant.
END OF SECTION
Page 10 of 9
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Fuel Oil Storage Tank, Piping and Accessories SECTION 15191
PART 1 – GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 2
1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING ........................................................................................... 3
1.7 PERMITS..................................................................................................................................... 5
PART - 2 PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 5
2.1 FUEL OIL PIPING ......................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 JOINTS AND FITTINGS ................................................................................................................. 5
2.3 VALVES ...................................................................................................................................... 5
2.4 GENERATOR EXHAUST PIPE (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR).............................................................. 6
2.5 FUEL OIL TRANSFER PUMPS........................................................................................................ 6
2.6 MAIN FUEL OIL STORAGE TANK ................................................................................................... 7
2.7 FUEL STORAGE DAY TANK .......................................................................................................... 7
2.8 OVERFILL PROTECTION DEVICE ................................................................................................... 7
2.9 OVERFILL PROTECTION DEVICE ................................................................................................... 7
2.10 FUEL OIL FILTER (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR) ............................................................................... 7
2.11 LEVEL INDICATION ....................................................................................................................... 8
PART 3 – EXECUTION .......................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM ........................................................................................................... 8
3.2 TANK FLUID LEVEL MONITOR AND ALARM SYSTEMS...................................................................... 9
3.3 CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS ......................................................................................................... 10
3.4 GENERATOR FUEL SYSTEM PIPING INSTALLATION ...................................................................... 10
3.5 FUEL PROVISION (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR) ............................................................................. 10
3.6 GENERATOR EXHAUST PIPE INSTALLATION (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR) ....................................... 10
3.7 W IRING AND CONTROLS ............................................................................................................ 10
3.8 TESTING ................................................................................................................................... 11
SECTION 15191
FUEL OIL STORAGE TANK, PIPING AND ACCESSORIES
PART 1 – GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Tanks, piping, and accessories located outside, underground or aboveground as

shown, for storage and distribution of diesel fuel oil, or burner fuel oil (unheated or
heated). Refer to drawings for type and temperature of fuel and for tank capacities.
B. Tank fluid level monitoring and alarm systems.
C. Tank and piping leak detection systems.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 09910 – Painting – Equipment and Piping
B. Section 15050 - Basic Mechanical Materials and Method
C. Section 15071 - Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Control
A. Approval by Consultant is required of products or services of proposed

manufacturers, suppliers and installers, and will be based on Contractor’s certification
that:
1. Manufacturers regularly and currently manufacture tanks, tank and piping

accessories, tank fluid level monitoring and leak detection systems.
2. The design and size of each item of equipment provided for this project is of
current production and has been in satisfactory operation on at least three
installations for approximately three years. Current models of fluid level and
leak detection systems with less than three years service experience are
acceptable if similar previous models from the same manufacturer have at
least three years service experience.
B. Apply and install materials, equipment and specialties in accordance with

manufacturer’s written instructions. Conflicts between the manufacturer’s instructions
and the contract drawings and specifications shall be referred to the Consultant’s
Technical Representative (CTR) or Consultant for resolution. Provide copies of
installation instructions to the CTR prior to commencing installation of any item.
C. All equipment shall be free from defects which would adversely affect the
performance, maintainability and appearance of individual components or overall
assembly.
D. Tanks, Secondary Containment Systems for Piping, Plastic Piping and Containment
Systems, Tank Level Monitoring Systems, Leak Detection Systems, Cathodic
Protection Systems: Authorized manufacturers representatives shall provide on-site
training of installers and supervision of the installation and testing of the equipment
and systems to assure conformance to written instructions of manufacturers.
Page 1 of 11
E. Tank and piping installation contractor shall be certified as acceptable by local and
pollution control authorities.
F. Entire installation shall conform to requirements of local and pollution control

authorities.
G. Pipe Welding: Conform to requirements of ASME B31.1. Welders shall show

evidence of qualification. Each welder shall utilize a stamp to identify their work.
Unqualified personnel will be rejected.
H. Assembly of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Piping: Installation personnel shall have
been trained, tested and certified under a procedure approved by the manufacturer of
the piping. Proof of certification, in writing, shall be provided to the CTR or RE.
I. Where specified codes or standards conflict, consult the CTR or RE.
J. Label of Conformance (definition): Labels of accredited testing laboratories showing

conformance to the standards specified.
K. Equipment and materials installed shall be compatible in all respects with other items
being furnished and with existing items so that the result will be a complete and fully
operational system which conforms to contract requirements.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Underground Steel Tanks Including Vault-Type Tanks:
1. Drawings of tanks, supports, ladders, platforms, tank manholes, emergency

relief vents and all accessories. Include overall dimensions and dimensional
locations and sizes of pipe connections, and access openings.
2. Recommended tank support locations.
3. Weight of entire tank assembly, empty and flooded.
4. Design and construction of primary tanks, insulation, secondary

containments, supports, pipe connections, platforms, heating coils.
5. Application and performance data on coatings from manufacturer of coatings.
6. Data certifying tanks are designed for surcharge loads of platforms shown.
7. Certification of compliance with specified standards.
8. Design, construction, performance, dimensions of emergency relief vents.
9. Seismic Data: refer to Section 15071, Mechanical Vibration and Seismic

Controls.
B. Fuel Piping:
1. ASTM and UL compliance.
2. Grade, class or type, schedule number.
3. Manufacturer.
C. Pipe Fittings, Unions, Flanges:
Page 2 of 11
1. ASTM and UL compliance.

2. ANSI standards number.
3. Catalog cuts.
4. Pressure and temperature rating.
D. Foot Valves, Check Valves, Overfill Prevention Valves:
1. Catalog cuts showing design and construction.

2. Pressure and temperature ratings.
3. Pressure loss and flow rate data.
4. Materials of construction.
5. Accessories.
E. Secondary Containment System for Fuel Piping:
1. Sizes, materials, construction of containment system including end seals,

sumps, coatings and pipe supports.
2. Layout of system.
3. Installation instructions.
4. Design of cathodic protection system (steel casing). (Not Applicable)
F. Leak Detection System:
1. Drawings, description and performance data on sensors, control units.

2. Description of operation.
3. Layout of system.
4. Installation and operating instructions.
5. Data on interconnecting wiring systems to be furnished.
G. Tank Fluid Level Monitoring Instrumentation System:
1. Drawings showing instruments and in-tank sensing units, with dimensions.

2. Design and construction of all elements of system.
3. Installation instructions.
H. Tank and Piping Accessories: Design, construction, and dimensions of vent caps, fill
boxes, fill caps, spill containers and other accessories.
1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Protection of Equipment:
1. Equipment and material placed on the job site shall remain in the custody of
the Contractor until phased acceptance, whether or not the Contractor has
been reimbursed for the equipment and material by the Owner. The
Contractor is solely responsible for the protection of such equipment and
material against any damage.
2. Place damaged equipment in first class, new operating condition; or, replace
same as determined and directed by the Consultant or RE. Such repair or
replacement shall be at no additional cost to the Owner.
3. Protect new equipment and piping systems against entry of foreign matter on
the inside. Clean both inside and outside before painting or placing
equipment in operation.
4. Existing equipment and piping being worked on by the Contractor shall be

under the custody and responsibility of the Contractor and shall be protected
as required for new work.
Page 3 of 11
B. Cleanliness of Equipment and Piping:
1. Exercise care in storage and handling of equipment and piping material to be

incorporated in the work. Remove debris arising from cutting, threading and
welding of piping.
2. Piping systems shall be flushed, blown or pigged as necessary to provide

clean systems.
3. Clean interior of all tanks prior to delivery for beneficial use by the Owner.
4. Contractor shall be fully responsible for all costs, damages and delay arising
from failure to provide clean systems and equipment.
A. Federal Specifications (Fed. Spec.):
RR-F-621E - Frames, Covers, Gratings, Steps, Sump and Catch Basin,

Manhole
A36/A36M - Carbon Structural Steel
A53/A53M - Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and

Seamless
A106 - Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
A126 - Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges and Pipe Fittings
A234/A234M - ... Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
Moderate and High Temperature Service
B62 - Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal Castings
D2996 - Filament-Wound “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-

Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
D. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME):
B16.5 - Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Pipes and Fittings.
B16.9 - Factory - Made Wrought Butt Welding
B16.11- ... Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
B31.1- Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping with Current

Amendments
E. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA):
250 - Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts Maximum)
Page 4 of 11
F. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
30 - Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
31- Oil Burning Equipment
70- National Electrical Code
G. Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL):
142-93 Steel Aboveground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids
2085-97 Insulated Secondary Containment Above-ground Tank for

Flammable and Combustible Liquids.
H. Steel Tank Institute (STI):
F911-93 Standard for Unitized Steel Aboveground Storage Tank

Systems with Open Top Secondary Containment
F921-92 Double Wall Aboveground Steel Storage Tanks
F922 Specification for Permatank
I. National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE):
NACE 3- Commercial Blast Cleaning
NACE 4- Brush-off Blast Cleaning
1.7 PERMITS
Contractor shall obtain and complete all tank permit and registration forms required by
governmental authorities.
PART - 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 FUEL OIL PIPING
A. Pipe larger than 12 mm, Schedule 40 steel to ASTM A120.
B. All piping exposed to the elements or exterior of the building shall be galvanized.
2.2 JOINTS AND FITTINGS
A. Provide joints threaded with approved oil resistant jointing compound.
B. For steel piping larger than 12 mm, provide screwed malleable iron fittings rated at
1035 kPa.
2.3 VALVES
A. Provide Crane, Kitz, Nibco, Showa, Toyo or Victaulic valves from one manufacturer,
new, all brass/bronze construction and packed for oil use, to the following Kitz Figure
numbers:
Page 5 of 11
1. Gate valves 75 mm and smaller, 862 kPa bronze, screwed ends, rising stem,
solid wedge disc, Fig. 24.
2. Globe valves 75 mm and smaller, 862 kPa bronze, union bonnet, screwed
ends with P.T.F.E. disc, Fig. 03.
3. Check valves 75 mm and smaller, 862 kPa bronze, screwed ends, horizontal
swing check, regrinding type, Fig. 22.
4. Ball valves 75 mm and smaller, 1034 kPa, brass or bronze body, two piece,
full port, screwed ends, with chrome plated solid ball, Fig. 58.
B. Provide Jamesbury Type 23-2236MT or equivalent Apollo fuel supply fire safety ball
valve complete with torque handle fusible link; Model LK 500 for 20 mm.
2.4 GENERATOR EXHAUST PIPE (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR)
A. Provide standard weight ASTM Specification steel pipe. Weld all joints, except at
connection to muffler discharge pipe where flanges shall be used.
B. Provide 1035 kPa forged steel, welding flange, flanged faced and drilled to conform to
ASA B16.5. Provide asbestos-free high temperature gaskets 1.6 mm thickness.
C. Provide flapper type weather cap at exterior end of stack, manufactured as an

accessory item for the installation. Do not use field manufactured type.
D. Where piping is exposed to weather, supply two coats of high temperature anti rust
paint.
2.5 FUEL OIL TRANSFER PUMPS
A. Provide a duplex pumping set, direct driven gear pumps with performance required
on Pump Schedule.
B. Equip each pump with suction and discharge pressure and vacuum gauges,
discharge line globe valve, suction line gate valve, dual check valves, relief valve with
stainless steel trim and piping to return line, thermometer and strainer.
C. Provide under the complete pump set, a stainless steel drip tray with 40 mm upturned
edges.
D. Factory equip pump set with an oil pressure failure switch. Wire to the auto position
of starters to shut off both pumps in the event of oil pressure drop due to oil line
failure, or, increase in pressure due to blockage.
E. Provide factory assembled panel to accomplish the specified control sequence.

Panel shall include:
1. Single power source for both fuel oil pumps with main disconnect switch.
2. Individual magnetic starters for each pump with circuit breaker protection.
3. Power "on" pilot light.
4. High oil pressure failure pilot light.
5. Low oil pressure failure pilot light.
6. Motor run pilot light for each motor.
Page 6 of 11
7. Auxiliary contacts for BMS use to indicate each pump motor status.
2.6 M AIN FUEL OIL STORAGE TANK
A. Provide storage tanks suitable for under ground mounting located inside or
installation inside a vault of the building (refer to plan for location). Tank shall be
factory tested for a minimum of 5 PSI.
B. Provide tanks with capacity indicated on plans. Provide tanks with manhole access
and connections for piping detailed on the Drawings.
C. Tank to be fabricated to Underwriters Laboratory of Standard.
2.7 FUEL STORAGE DAY TANK
A. Provide diesel fuel day tank complete with support stands. (capacity and location as
shown on plans).
B. Factory pressure tested tank to 5 PSI.
C. Fabricate to Underwriters Laboratory Standard.
2.8 OVERFILL PROTECTION DEVICE
A. Provide Scully Electronic Systems SP-O-E Dynaprobe within Main Storage Tank.
B. Provide Scully Electronic Systems SF-15-LAB Single Point Control Unit in Nema 4
Weatherproof Enclosure with red/green indicating lights, audible high level and alarm
silence pushbutton. Control unit shall incorporate SF-15H module with dynamic self
checking, and high level failsafe feature.
C. Install Control Unit at Oil Fill Station.
D. Provide interconnecting signal wire between probe and electronics.
E. Provide engraved nameplate at Controller Location stating "Fill only when green light
is flashing. Stop if red light comes on. Notify Building Engineer."
2.9 OVERFILL PROTECTION DEVICE
A. Provide Magnetrol Model 802 Sentinel transmitter with dual D.P.D.T. relays for
high/low level, and 4-20 mA output proportional to level, complete with integral 90
second time delay.
B. Install probe in a 32 mm external oil column with isolation, drain and vent valves.
C. Set relays for low level failsafe operation.
D. Wiring to transfer fuel oil pumps shall be by the Mechanical Contractor.
2.10 FUEL OIL FILTER (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR)
A. Provide Raycor Turbine Series filter and water separator in the fuel supply line
downstream of the day tank. Assembly shall be 1000 FG (maximum 180 GPH).
B. Locate assembly within the oil containment area.
Page 7 of 11
2.11 LEVEL INDICATION
A. Provide Senior levelometer at each of main tanks. Locate adjacent to tank.
B. Provide a Magnetrol Model 41-5027-XXX shielded capacitance probe and Model 802
Sentinel 4-20 mADC transmitter, with dual DPDT high/low level relays, in the main
fuel oil storage tanks.
3.1 LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM
A. Type: Automatic microprocessor-based continuous monitoring systems responsive to

the presence of water and hydrocarbons in the interstitial space of the double-wall
tanks, in the tank manhole access enclosures, and in the secondary containment of
fuel piping systems. System shall distinguish between hydrocarbon and water and
identify location of leak as to individual tank and piping system. System may be
combined with tank fluid level monitor and alarm system specified in Article, TANK
FLUID LEVEL MONITOR AND ALARM SYSTEM.
B. Functions and Arrangement:
1. Single control station to monitor all sensing probes.
2. Visual indicator to monitor and identify leaks as water or hydrocarbon and
location.
3. Indicators showing system status including faults and alarms.
4. On board printer which provides complete reports of all system functions
upon command.
5. Panel circuit test button.
6. 95 dB audible alarm with silencing control to sound when leak is detected.
7. Eight hour memory backup system with battery.
8. NEMA 250 Type 4 cabinet.
9. UL or other accredited testing laboratory listing.
10. Interface with engineering control system to indicate system in service and
alarm conditions.
C. Sensors:
1. Designed for required locations including: Insertion between walls of double-
wall tanks, in sumps in double-wall piping systems and in tank manhole
enclosures. Sensing points shall be at lowest point of each tank or sump.
Intrinsically safe design.
2. Sensing units shall detect presence of water and a minimum 3 mm (0.125
inch) thick layer of hydrocarbon on surface of water and minimum 50 mm (2
inch) thickness of hydrocarbon in area which has no water present.
3. Cap, at grade, for each sensor. Designed to allow removal and replacement
of sensor without disturbing other portions of leak detection system or fuel
storage and piping system.
4. Materials of construction shall be non-corroding.
5. Transmit status signal to control unit.
D. Components:
1. Provide manholes at grade for each sensor cap similar in construction to fill
boxes. Manholes shall be cast iron, quick-opening cover, watertight,
Page 8 of 11
minimum size necessary to accommodate sensor caps. Provide identification

plates, similar to those specified for fill points, labeled
“MONITORING/OBSERVATION WELL-DO NOT FILL”. Provide special tools
if necessary for opening covers.
2. Sensor housings from tank and piping to grade shall be Schedule 40 PVC, or
stainless steel.
3. Underground wiring between probes and control unit: Place in water-tight
corrosion-resistant conduit system conforming to electrical specifications.
3.2 TANK FLUID LEVEL MONITOR AND ALARM SYSTEMS
A. Type: Microprocessor-based systems for central monitoring of fuel and water levels in
all fuel oil storage tanks in the project. High and low level visual and audible alarms.
Volumetric tank-tightness testing. Complete with all transducing, transmitting, and
receiving devices. On board printer to provide complete report of all system functions
upon command. System may be combined with leak detection system specified in
Article, LEAK DETECTION SYSTEMS.
B. Fluid Level Monitor:
1. Digital continuous readout, showing tank oil and water levels in liters,
(smallest reading one liter). Provide identification of product measured,
measuring units, and the tank number.
2. Tank and fuel characteristics contained in preprogrammed non-volatile field-
replaceable databases. Protected power supply.
C. High and Low Fluid Level Alarm System:
1. Automatic continuous on-line monitoring of all tanks.

2. Visual and audible indicators combined with fluid level monitor. Identify the
tank which is in alarm condition.
3. Manual alarm test and silencing controls.
4. Low level alarm actuation adjustable 0-25 percent of tank capacity. High level
alarm actuation adjustable 75-100 percent of tank capacity.
D. Locate all indicators, selector switches, alarms on face of wall-mounted NEMA 250,
Type 4 panel.
E. Remote Alarm Annunciator:
1. Visual and audible high level alarms adjacent to tank fill box locations. Locate
in NEMA 250 Type 4X weatherproof exterior wall or pole-mounted panels.
2. Alarm shall include flashing red light with 180 degree visibility for each tank
and 95 dB horn or 100 mm (4 inch) diameter bell. Provide alarm silence
control.
3. Provide identification sign: "WHEN ALARM SOUNDS - FUEL TANK FILLED
TO CAPACITY - DO NOT OVERFILL".
F. Interface with engineering control system to indicate tank fluid level and alarm
conditions.
G. System Performance: Accuracy plus or minus 2.5 mm (0.01 inch) of fluid height in
inventory mode and 0.25 mm (0.001 inch) in leak detection mode. Automatic
compensation for fluid temperature changes. Volumetric tank tightness sensitivity of
0.4 lph (0.1 gph).
H. Sensors:
1. Provide sensor types such as magnetostrictive, capacitance, float,
hydrostatic and other types as necessary for the applications.
Page 9 of 11
2. Apply in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions with provisions for easy

future replacement without need for excavation.
3. Provide for each hydrostatic sensor a constant flow differential pressure
regulator and pneumatic transmitter protected from fuel contamination. Air
supply shall include filter and over-pressure protection. Provide desiccant-
type dryer on air supply designed for removal of water vapor. Dryer rating,
minimum 280 cubic liters per minute (10 scfm). Provide moisture indicator.
Dryer may be deleted if air supply source has a refrigerated dryer.
4. Float-type units shall be designed for installation and removal through a 100
mm (4 inch) diameter vertical pipe mounted in the top of the tank.
I. Underground Wiring and Piping: Enclose in water-tight corrosion-resistant conduit
system sized and arranged as recommended by system manufacturer and
conforming to electrical specification.
J. Code Conformance: NFPA-70.
K. Manufacturer: Preferred Utilities, Veeder-Root, or equal.
3.3 CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS
Concrete ballast foundations for underground tanks and concrete pads for aboveground tanks
are specified under Section 03300. Ballast foundations shall be sized for buoyancy of entire
tank when empty. Credit for overburden is allowed.
3.4 GENERATOR FUEL SYSTEM PIPING INSTALLATION
A. Slope fill and vent piping to storage tank. Provide swing joint pipe connections.
B. Terminate the oil tank vent in a manufactured vent fitting similar to OPW catalogue
#45.
C. Provide an alarm whistle on vent piping.
D. Provide manufactured lockable fill cap similar to OPW catalogue #62.
E. Install fuel oil connections at generator. (By Genset Contractor)
3.5 FUEL PROVISION (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR)
A. Provide sufficient fuel to circulate for 48 hours to clean fuel system. Discard
circulated fuel.
B. Fill complete system, including all tanks and piping with fuel oil recommended by
generator manufacturer.
C. Refill system following final testing.
3.6 GENERATOR EXHAUST PIPE INSTALLATION (BY GENSET CONTRACTOR)
A. Provide all connectors, hangers and brackets required for a satisfactory installation.
Allow for expansion in the vertical and horizontal directions, especially at locations
where pipes pass through roof or wall.
B. Insulate exhaust stack and muffler as per Section 15080.
3.7 WIRING AND CONTROLS
A. Fuel pumps shall be able to run at all times. Fuel shall recirculate from day tank to
main storage tanks.
Page 10 of 11
B. Wire low level switch on day tank to generator control panel to annunciate low fuel
alarm.
C. Wire high space temperature switch in Generator Room to generator control panel to
annunciate ventilation failure alarm.
D. Field calibrate all level controls. Provide 24 VDC power to level controls, connected
to emergency power source.
E. Provide all wiring and devices necessary to implement the pump and alarm/trouble
controls described in this section.
3.8 TESTING
A. Test fuel oil system to NFPA standards.
B. Pressure test exhaust stack at 35 kPa with air. Maintain test pressure for a minimum
of 1 hour.
C. Cooperate with Division 16 in testing of the complete installation.
END OF SECTION
Page 11 of 11
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL DX Split System & Window Type Air-Conditioning Units
SECTION 15781
PART 1 - GENERAL .......................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 SCOPE OF THE SECTION .............................................................................................................. 1
1.2 W ORK INCLUDED ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.4 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS .......................................................................................... 1
1.5 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 2
1.6 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE DATA .......................................................................................... 2
1.7 W ARRANTY ................................................................................................................................. 2
1.8 APPROVED MANUFACTURERS ..................................................................................................... 2
PART 2 - PRODUCT ......................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 DX SPLIT SYSTEM AIR CONDITIONERS ......................................................................................... 3
PART 3 - EXECUTION ....................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 PRODUCT STORAGE AND HANDLING ............................................................................................ 5
3.2 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................. 5
SECTION 15781
SECTION 15781
DX Split System & Window Type Air-Conditioning Units
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE OF THE SECTION
A. This technical specification establishes the quality of materials and workmanship to

be used in the supply and installation of the DX Split type and Window Type air
conditioners units.
1.2 WORK INCLUDED
A. The provision of all equipment , labor, materials and the performance of all operations in
connection with the supply and installation of packaged and room air conditioners as
specified herein and shown on the drawings.
B. Coordination. The Contractor shall be responsible for proper coordination of the work of
all trades.
A. Manufacturers: Firms regularly engaged in the manufacture of packaged and room air
conditioning equipment and fittings whose products have been in satisfactory use in
similar service for not less than 10 years.
B. Installer: Firms regularly engaged in the installation of packaged and room air
conditioning equipment of a similar quality and scope as this project for at least five
years.
1.4 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS
A. The DX Split System and room air conditioners shall comply fully with the latest
relevant American, international and British Standards in all respects.
B. The following are the most commonly used standards associated with packaged air
conditioners, however the Contractor shall ensure that all applicable standards are
complied with, whether listed here or not.
BS 3456 Part 2 : Room Air Conditioners.

Section 2.34.
BS 2852 : Testing for Rating of Room Air Conditioners.
BS 5491 : Testing Unit Air Conditioners Above 7 Kw Capacity.
UL 465-82 : Central Cooling Air Conditioners.
UL 484-82 : Room Air Conditioners.
NFPA 90A : Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.
NFPA 70 : National Electrical Code.
ASHRAE 37-1978 Methods of Testing for Rating Unitary Air Conditioners.
ASHRAE 15-78 : Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration.
NEC Article 44 : Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment.
Page 1 of 5
SECTION 15781
IEC 328-ANSI : Safety Requirements for the Electrical Equipment Room

Air Conditioners.
ISO R859 : Testing and Rating Room Air Conditioners.
ARI 210 : Unitary Air Conditioning Equipment.
ARI 270 : Sound Rating of Outdoor Unitary Equipment.
ARI 360 : Commercial Industrial Air Conditioning Equipment.
1.5 SUBMITTALS
A. Drawings: Refer to Section 15010.
B. Products: Submit full manufacturer’s data for every item.
1.6 OPERATION AND M AINTENANCE DATA
A. Comply with Section 15010.
1.7 WARRANTY
A. Provide 12 months warranty in accordance with contract conditions.
1.8 APPROVED M ANUFACTURERS
1. Carrier
2. Trane
3. Samsung
4. Mitsubishi
5. Hitachi
6. National
7. LG
8. Midea
Page 2 of 5
SECTION 15781
PART 2 - PRODUCT
2.1 DX SPLIT SYSTEM AIR CONDITIONERS
A. Direct Expansion (DX) split system air conditioning units shall be installed as
indicated on the drawings and shall be complete with all required refrigerant piping,
temperature controls and all other necessary ancillary items.
B. The units shall deliver the design cooling capacity at the external ambient specified.
The units are rated at 35°C and shall be suitable for continuous operation with
reduced capacity at an external ambient temperature 40°C.
C. Controls shall be factory wired and completely enclosed within the unit. All operating
controls shall be located in a single area. Adjustable thermostats shall automatically
cycle the compressor to maintain space conditions and the sensing element shall
extend across the complete face of the cooling coil.
D. Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER)
Submit data to demonstrate that the units will produce the efficiency rates specified.
1. Window Type Units: Units shall produce not less than 9.5 BTU’s per hour
cooling per watt-input for 230 volts AC units.
E. Exhaust Air
Provisions shall be made in the unit for controlled exhausting of room air and/or the
controlled admittance of fresh air from the unit.
F. Unit Supports
Provide supports and mounts in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendation or

as indicated on drawings.
G. Condensate removal shall be by means of gravity drainage.
H. Unit electrical power shall be 230 volts three phase, 60 hertz or as indicated on the
drawings. The unit shall be capable of operating within line voltage limits of + 3 % to
-4.6 %.
I. Evaporator and condenser coils shall be of copper tube construction with aluminium
fins and additional anti corrosion coating suitable for salty spray atmosphere.
(“Thermoguard”, “Eroguard”, or equal).
J. Compressor motors shall be two pole, permanent split capacitor type protected
against both thermal and electrical overload.
K. Filters shall be washable type, easily accessible, and shall cover the full unit area of
re-circulated air. Air filter shall be of aluminium wood material and shall have a
minimum efficiency of 60% when tested in accordance with BS; 2831 Test Dust No.
3.
L. Refrigerant stop valves which incorporate a spindle gland shall be serviceable with
the valves “in situ”.
M. For refrigerant piping insulation, Refer to Section 15080 and the required
manufacturer insulation. Tape all joints to form a good vapor seal, then wrap with
glass cloth and paint with two coats of approved vapor seal.
Page 3 of 5
SECTION 15781
N. For refrigerant piping specifications, refer to Section 15183.
O. The evaporator/fan coil section shall be ceiling, wall or floor standing and complete
with concealed control panel and finishes as indicated on the drawings.
P. The control panels shall have at least the following functions:
1. On/Off/Heat/Cool Control.
2. Low/High Heating and Cooling Control.
3. Adjustable Thermostat.
Page 4 of 5
SECTION 15781
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PRODUCT STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. All products shall be delivered in manufacturer’s original protective packaging.
B. All products shall be inspected at time of delivery for damage and for compliance with
specifications.
C. All products that are found to be damaged, or not in accordance with the
specifications shall immediately be repaired or removed from the site and replaced.
Repairs shall not be undertaken before Engineer’s review of the Contractor’s
proposed action.
D. All products shall be handled and stored as recommended by manufacturer to

prevent damage and deterioration.
E. The Contractor shall supply handling equipment such as lifting beams, reinforced
canvas slings, protective paddings, struts, cradles, etc., required to handle products
without damaging hardware or linings and coatings.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. All units mounted externally shall have a raised concrete base with a minimum height
of 150mm above surrounding surfaces. The base shall be sloped to provide natural
drainage and ensure that ponding does not occur under the unit.
B. Each packaged unit of whichever type shall be complete with a local electrical
disconnect switch.
C. The units shall be of the sizes, capacities, duties and types indicated on the drawings
and shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturers requirements.
END OF SECTION
Page 5 of 5
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Ductwork and Accessories SECTION 15810
PART 1 - GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................... 1
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF W ORK ........................................................................................................ 1
1.3 SUBMITTALS .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 REFERENCE MANUALS .......................................................................................................... 1
1.5 CORROSION PREVENTION ...................................................................................................... 1
1.6 DIMENSIONS ......................................................................................................................... 2
PART 2 - PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................. 2

2.1 MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 SHEET METAL W ORK ............................................................................................................ 2
2.3 FIRE DAMPERS...................................................................................................................... 4
2.4 (OMITTED) ............................................................................................................................ 4
2.5 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS........................................................................................................ 4
2.6 (OMITTED) ............................................................................................................................ 4
2.7 GRILLES, DIFFUSERS AND REGISTERS ................................................................................... 4
2.8 LOUVERS .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.9 VOLUME DAMPERS ................................................................................................................ 6
2.10 COMPONENTS .......................................................................................................... 7
2.11 DUCT SLEEVES, PREPARED OPENINGS, AND CLOSURE COLLARS ............................... 9
PART 3 - EXECUTION ............................................................................................................................... 10

3.1 INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 FIELD TESTS AND INSPECTIONS ........................................................................................... 11
SECTION 15810
DUCTWORK AND ACCESSORIES
PART 1 - GENERAL
Section 15050, "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods," with the additions and modifications
specified herein, applies.
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF WORK
The work involves the supply and installation of ductworks and its accessories including hangers,
diffusers, grilles, flexible ducts and louvers. Outside air ductworks including grilles and hangers
associated with air ventilation equipment shall also be supplied and installed by the Contractor.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
1.3.1 Certified Test Reports:
A. Corrosion Protection
1.4 REFERENCE MANUALS
A. SMACNA Duct Construction Manuals
The SMACNA Transverse Duct Connector System recommendations shall be considered

as mandatory requirements. Substitute the word "shall" for the word "should" in these
manuals.
1.5 CORROSION PREVENTION
Special protection is not required for components that have a zinc coating conforming to ASTM A
386 or a duplex coating of zinc and paint. Where expressly stipulated in equipment requirements
paragraphs below, the affected equipment items shall be protected by the manufacturer with a
corrosion-inhibiting coating or paint system that has been approved capable of satisfactorily
withstanding the following test. Test method shall be ASTM B 117. Period of test shall be 125 hours
for equipment intended for installation indoors; test period shall be 500 hours for equipment which
will be installed outdoors or which will be otherwise subjected to marine atmosphere. Each
specimen shall have a standard scratch as defined in ASTM D 1654.
1.5.1 Criteria
Upon completion of exposure, coating or paint shall show no indication of deterioration or

loss of adhesion, nor shall there be indication of rust or corrosion extending further than 3
mm on either side of original scratch.
1.5.2 Thickness of Coating
Thickness of coating or paint system on the actual equipment shall be identical to that on the
test specimens with respect to materials, conditions of application, and dry film thickness.
Page 1 of 12
1.6 DIMENSIONS
Duct sizes given in the drawings are clear internal dimensions and allowance shall be made for both
internal and external insulation and/or acoustic linings where applicable.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS
2.1.1 Sheet Metal Materials
A. Galvanized Steel Sheets
1. ASTM A 525 designation G. 90 galvanizing and lock forming quality.

Thickness and weight shall not be less than that specified in Chapter
"DUCT CONSTRUCTION" of ASHRAE Handbook.
2. Acceptable Manufacturer: APO “Galfan”
B. Galvanized Steel Hot Dipped After Fabrication
ASTM A 123
2.2 SHEET METAL WORK
A. All sheet metal work for the air-conditioning and ventilation systems shall be furnished,
installed, completely connected, cleaned, tested and adjusted by the Contractor. This shall
include the following major items of work.
B. Ductwork for Conventional Systems
1. All sheet metal work exposed to the weather and elsewhere as indicated on the
drawings, shall be built substantially as shown, of galvanized steel sheet properly
braced and supported and secured to the building construction and/or equipment.
Wherever not otherwise specified thickness shall be as follows:
Larger Thickness
Dimension Galvanized
US Duct (mm) Iron
Up to 750 No. 24 US Ga
2. Duct shall be braced as follows:
Larger of Dimension of Size of Bracing Angles Distance Between

Duct (mm) (mm) Bracing (mm)
65 – 1000 25 x 25 x 3 1.20 m
Above 38 x 38 x 3 0.60 m
Page 2 of 12
Angle bracings shall be carried around all four sides of duct.
3. Duct Construction and Bracing
Size an spacing of the stiffeners used shall be in accordance with the requirement
of the latest edition of the ASHRAE HANDBOOK.
Groove and Pittshburgh look seams and slip joints shall be used for all rectangular
ducts unless otherwise specified. All slip joints shall be made in the direction of air
flow. Air tight solder joints shall be applied to hot air stainless steel duct and nay air
duct passing through public lavatories or kitchens.
C. All ducts 450 mm and larger shall be crossbroken. The Contractor may submit alternate
detail of bracing for approval; thickness of metal shall remain unchanged.
D. All ductwork which is to be insulated and is over 2000 mm in the larger dimension and all
uninsulated ductwork over 1350 mm in the larger dimension shall have angle iron on all four
corners running along the length of the duct and the same size as the girth angles. This
shall be used as additional stiffeners and to prevent sagging of the wide ducts.
E. Galvanized iron ducts up to 600 mm in width shall be suspended by means of galvanized

iron straps, securely fastened to the angle iron bracing or the slip connections. Ducts
600mm and above shall be suspended by steel rod hangers. Hangers shall not be more
than 2.40 meters apart. Galvanized iron straps shall be 50 mm wide, no. 18 thickness U.S.
gauge thickness.
F. All duct elbows having an inside radius smaller than the width of the elbow shall be equipped
with approved single thickness vanes.
G. All ductwork shall be substantially built with approved joints and seams, smooth on the
inside and a neat finish on the outside. Duct joints shall be as near airtight as possible, with
laps made in the direction of air flow and no flanges projecting into the air stream. Joints
and seams shall be sealed with sealants, soldering or welding.
H. While the drawings shall be adhered to as closely as possible, runs and sizes of ductwork
may be varied only after coordination with Engineers so that designed ceiling height, etc., will
be terminated.
I. All openings of the ductwork must be kept tightly closed during construction to keep rubbish
out. All open ends must be covered with plastic to keep the internal surfaces free of all dust
and debris. Non-conformance to this requirements shall incur heavy penalty on the
contractor.
J. It is the intention that this Contractor shall provide all ductwork and all auxiliary work required
for the installation of the complete sheet metal work needed for the operation of the system
specified herein.
Page 3 of 12
2.3 FIRE DAMPERS
A. Galvanized steel, interlocking blade type, UL listing and label, 1 ½ hour rating, 70 ºC (160
ºF), fusible link, 100 percent free opening with no part of the blade stack or damper frame in
the air stream.
B. Fire dampers in fume hood exhaust or wet air exhaust shall be stainless steel
construction, all others may be galvanized steel.
1. The damper frame may be of design and length as to function as the mounting
sleeve, thus eliminating the need for a separate sleeve, as allowed by UL 555.
Otherwise provide sleeves and mounting angles, minimum 1.9 mm (14 gage),
required to provide installation equivalent to the damper manufacturer‟s UL test
installation.
2. Submit manufacturer‟s installation instructions conforming to UL rating test.
3. Combination fire and smoke dampers: multi-louver or curtain type units meeting
all requirements of both dampers shall be used where shown and may be used at
the Contractor‟s option where applicable.
2.4 (OMITTED)
2.5 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS
A. Where duct connections are made to fans and air handling units, install a non-combustible
flexible connection of 822 g (29 ounce) neoprene coated fiberglass fabric approximately 150
mm (6 inches) wide. For connections exposed to sun and weather provide hypalon coating
in lieu of neoprene. Burning characteristics shall conform to NFPA 90A. Securely fasten
flexible connections to round ducts with stainless steel or zinc-coated iron draw band with
worm gear fastener. For rectangular connections, crimp fabric to sheet metal and fasten
sheet metal to ducts by screws 50 mm (2 inches) on center. Fabric shall not be stressed
other than by air pressure. Allow at least 25 mm (one inch) slack to insure that no vibration is
transmitted.
2.6 (OMITTED)
2.7 GRILLES, DIFFUSERS AND REGISTERS
A. Ceiling Supply Diffusers:
a. For Installation In T-Bar Ceiling:

1. Constructed of steel.
2. Inner core removable, square.
3. Outer Core:
1) Flanged for surface mounted installation.
2) For lay-in inverted T-bar ceiling (24 inch by 24 inch 600 mm by
600 mm grid system).
4. Finish: Off-white baked enamel as approved by Architect.
Page 4 of 12
5. Category Four Approved Products. See Section 01 6200 for definitions

of Categories.
1) Krueger: SH, frame 23.
2) Metal*Aire: 5800-6.
3) Titus: TMS, Type 3.
of Categories.
2) Metal*Aire: 5500S-6T.
3) Titus: TDC, Type 3.
b. For Installation In Gypsum Board Ceiling:
1. Constructed of steel.
2. Inner core removable, square.
3. Outer Core: Flanged for surface mounted installation.
of Categories.
2) Metal Aire: 5500S-15.
3) Titus: TDC, Type 1 Frame.
B. Ceiling And Sidewall Return Air Grilles:

a. Constructed of extruded aluminum.
b. Blades with 15 degree deflection and parallel to long dimension.
c. Finish: Off-white baked enamel.
d. Category Four Approved Products. See Section 01 6200 for definitions of
Categories.
1. Krueger: 5810 with flat border.
2. Metal*Aire: 41F.
3. Titus: 1700.
C. Exhaust Grilles And Transfer Grilles:

a. Constructed of steel.
b. Blades with 1/2 to 2/3 inch 13 to 17 mm spacing and parallel to long dimension.
c. Border: 1-1/4 inches 31 mm.
d. Finish: Off-white baked enamel.
e. Grilles may be installed in gypsum board ceilings or „lay-in‟ ceiling. Cut tiles
where necessary for lay in ceilings.
f. Category Four Approved Products. See Section 01 6200 for definitions of
Categories.
1. Krueger: S85H.
2. Metal*Aire: SRH.
3. Titus: 25RL.
D. Swirl Diffuser:
a. For Initiatory circulation.
1. Diffuser face and side entry plenum boxes constructed of rolled,
galvanized steel.
2. Discharge nozzle and top entry plenum constructed of aluminum.
3. Swirling, rotational type air pattern.
Page 5 of 12
5. Category Four Approved Product. See Section 01 6200 for definitions of

Categories.
1) Surface Mount: RFD-R-D-K-315 by Trox / Technik.
2) Lay-In Type: RFE-Q-D-K-315 by TROX / Technik.
E. Sidewall Supply Grilles:
1. Staircase
a. Extruded aluminum construction.
b. Removable core.
c. Off-white baked enamel finish
d. Category Four Approved Products. See Section 01 6200 for definitions
of Categories.
1. Krueger: 5815 with flat border frame.
2. Metal*Aire: 42F.
3. Titus: 1707, Type 1 border.
F. Security Supply Grille

1. Installed at Tunnel wall
a. Steel Construction
b. Face plate constructed of 3/16” steel with 2” square holes and 1” fret bars.
c. Finish: anodic electrodeposition using anodic acrylic paint
d. Acceptable Manufacturer Standard Model/Style:
1. Metal Aire: Series SGSP
2.8 LOUVERS
Fixed type. Fold or bead the edges of louver blades to exclude driving rain. Louver frames shall be
made of 16 gage aluminum. Provide insect screen constructed of the same type metal as the
louvers. Louver depth shall be as indicated.
A. Bird Screens
With 12mm by 12mm mesh, 0.33 diameter stainless steel wire. Insect screen frames shall
be grooved type with vinyl or neoprene spline insert for securing screen cloth.
B. External Louvers
Weatherproof external louvers shall be supplied and installed by the Mechanical Contractor
unless otherwise specified.
C. Plenum boxes
Plenum boxes shall be fabricated from Ga. 24 GI sheet complete with interval dividers and
acoustically lined internally. Duct tapping points shall have volume dampers.
2.9 VOLUME DAMPERS
1. Dampers In Main Ducts:

4. Opposed blades of 16 ga 1.6 mm galvanized steel.
5. 10 mm pins and end bearings.
Page 6 of 12
6. Fit within acoustical duct liner with maximum 3 mm clearance.

7. Acceptable Manufacturer‟s Standard Model/Style.
1) Air Balance: Model AC-2.
2) Air Control Products: CD-OB.
3) Greenheck: VCD.
4) Ruskin: MD-35.
5) United McGill: UVC2
6) Vent Products: 5100.
e. Dampers In Branch Ducts:
1. Galvanized steel construction.
2. 16 ga 1.6 mmblade welded to 9.5 mm square rod.
3. Size to fit metal duct dimension inside insulation.
4. Bearings as shown on Drawings.
1) Air Control Products.
2) Greenheck MBD-10.
3) Titus.
4) United McGill.
5) Young.
f. Remote Damper Regulators:
Damper controller and cable shall be concealed behind the wall. Cable to consist of
Bowden cable .054” stainless steel control wire encapsulated in 1/16” flexible galvanized
spiral wire sheath. Controller to be mounted in 4-1/2” square non-flammable enclosure
complete with control knob, support bracket, cover plate and external flanges for wall stud
installation. Controller to be 14 gauge steel rack and pinion gear drive converting rotary
motion to push-pull motion. Control shaft shall be D-style flatted ¼” diameter with 265-
degree rotation providing graduations for positive locking and control, and 1-1/2” linear
travel capability. Control kit is designed to be surface mounted and to allow easy
adjustment of damper from the control knob. Control kit shall be Young Regulator Model
270-700 or prior approved equal.

1) Young: 270-700
g. Locking Quadrants:
1) DuroDyne: KS-12.
2) Ventline: 555 13 mm.
3) Young: No 404 13 mm.
2.10 COMPONENTS
A. Flexible Equipment Connections:

1. 30 oz closely woven UL approved glass fabric, double coated with neoprene.
b. Fire retardant, waterproof, airtight, resistant to acids and grease, and withstand
constant temperatures of 250 deg F 121 deg C.
c. Acceptable Manufacturer‟s Standard Model/Style.
1. Duro Dyne: MFN.
2. Ventfabrics: Ventglas.
Page 7 of 12
B. Small Access Doors: (0.37 sqm and smaller).

1. Reach-In Doors:
a. Factory built, insulated, 24 ga minimum galvanized sheet metal access
door with hinges and sash locks.
b. For Fire Dampers: Minimum 12 inches by 12 inches 300 mm by 300 mm
clear opening or as shown on Drawings.
c. Wall Construction:
1. Single wall in uninsulated ducts.
2. Double wall with one inch 25 mm thick insulation between for
insulated ducts.
d. Provide steel angle frame for access doors.
e. Category Four Approved Products. See Section 01 6200 for definitions
of Categories.
1. Air Balance Inc: FSA100-1.
2. Cesco: HAD-10.
3. Kees Inc: ADH-D.
4. Pottorff: HAD.
5. Ruskin: ADH22.
C. Large Access Doors (Over 0.37 sqm):

1. 22 ga galvanized metal meeting requirements specified for ductwork with:
a. Galvanized angle iron stiffening frame to assure operation without
twisting or distortion.
b. Frame opening at door with continuous galvanized steel reinforcing
angle, fitted with rubber gasket against which door will close and be
airtight.
c. Double panel construction doors through insulated duct or plenum walls
with not less than one inch of approved type insulated filler.
d. Place door frames on insulated duct or plenum walls on extended collar
flush with face of finished insulation. Construct frames of galvanized
steel angles as detailed below:
1. More than 4 square feet and less than 8 square feet: 1-1/2 inch by
1-1/2 inch by 1/8 inch angle.
2. More than 8 square feet and less than 12 square feet: 2 inch by 2
inch by 3/16 inch angle.
3. More than 12 square feet: 2-1/2 inch by 2-1/2 inch by 1/4 inch
angle.
e. Apply two coats of aluminum paint to angle iron on doorframes.
2. Hardware:
a. Latches (Two per door): Equal to Ventlok #260.
b. Hinges (Three per door):
1. Doors over 4 feet 1 200 mm high: Equal to Ventlok #260.
2. Doors 4 feet 1 200 mm or less high: Equal to Ventlok #150.
c. Category Four Approved Manufacturers. See Section 01 6200 for
definitions of Categories.
1. Cesco.
2. Ventfabrics Inc.
3. Young Regulator.
Page 8 of 12
F. Air Turns:
a. Single curved blades or vanes, with one inch 25 mm trailing edge, arranged to
permit air to make abrupt turns without appreciable turbulence.
b. Quiet and free from vibration under operating conditions.
2.11 DUCT SLEEVES, PREPARED OPENINGS, AND CLOSURE COLLARS
2.11.1 Duct Sleeves
Fabricate from minimum 20 gage galvanized steel. Where sleeves are installed in
bearing walls, provide structural steel sleeves as indicated. Size sleeves to provide 25
mm clearance between duct and sleeve or between insulation and sleeve for insulated
ducts.
2.11.2 Prepared Openings
Provide 25 mm clearance between the duct and the sleeve, or 25 mm clearance between
insulation and sleeve for insulated ducts except at grilles, registers, and diffusers.
2.11.3 Packing
ASTM C 553, Type 1, Class B-2, mineral fiber.
211.4 Closure Collars
100 mm wide minimum, fabricated from minimum 20 gage galvanized steel.
Page 9 of 12
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
3.1.1 General
Installation shall conform with NFPA 90A and SMACNA FGDCS HPDCS and LPDCS.
Provide mounting and supporting of ductwork and accessories including, but not limited to
structural supports, hangers, vibration isolators, stands, clamp and brackets, access doors,
and dampers. Use electrical isolation between dissimilar metals. Install ductwork
accessories as indicated in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instruction. Allow
clearance for inspection, repair, replacement and service.
3.1.2 Ductwork
Install airtight. When air distribution systems are operated, there shall be no chatter,
vibration or dust marks.
A. Field Changes to Ductwork
Those required to suit the sizes of factory-fabricated equipment actually furnished, shall be
designed to minimize expansion and contraction. Use gradual transitions in field changes
as well as modifications to connecting ducts.
3.1.3 Duct Hangers and Supports
SMACNA DCS, Section 4. Attach supports only to structural framing members and
concrete slabs. Do not anchor supports to metal decking unless a means is provided and
approved for preventing the anchors from puncturing the metal decking. Where supports
are required between structural framing member, provide suitable intermediate metal
framing.
3.1.3.1 (OMITTED)
3.1.3.2 Flexible Connectors
Provide flexible connectors between fans and ducts or casings and where ducts are of
dissimilar metals as indicated. For round ducts, securely fasten flexible connectors by
zinc-coated steel clinch-type draw-bands. For rectangular ducts, lock flexible connectors
to metal collars.
Page 10 of 12
3.1.4 Inspection Plates and Test Holes
Provide, where required, in ductwork or casings for all balance measurements. If

possible, test holes should be located at least 7.5 times diameters downstream from a
disturbance. Extend cap through insulation.
3.1.5 Cleaning of Ducts
Remove all debris and dirt from ducts and wipe clean. Before installing air outlets, use air
handler to blow dry air through entire system at maximum attainable velocity. Provide
temporary air filters for this operation.
3.1.6 Duct Sleeves, Prepared Openings, and Closure Collars
Provide for ductwork penetrations in floors, walls, and partitions through which metallic
and plastic ductwork passes.
A. Duct Sleeves: Fill space between duct and sleeve or between insulation and
sleeve for insulated ducts with mineral fiber, except at grilles, registers, and
diffusers.
B. Prepared Openings: Fill space between duct and opening or between insulation
and opening for insulated ducts with mineral fiber, except at grilles, registers, and
diffusers.
C. Closure Collars: Fit collars snugly around ducts or insulation. Grind edges of
collar smooth to preclude tearing or puncturing insulation covering or vapor
barrier. Provide nails with maximum 150 mm centers on collars.
3.1.7 Access Doors
Provide for automatic dampers, volume dampers, fire dampers, coils, thermostats,
temperature controllers, valves, filters, humidifiers and other concealed apparatus
requiring service and inspection in the duct systems.
3.1.8 Dampers
When installed on ducts to be thermally insulated, equip each damper operator with
stand-off mounting brackets, bases, or adapters to provide clearance between the duct
and operator not less than the thickness of insulation. Stand-off mounting items shall be
integral with the operator or standard accessory of damper manufacturer.
3.1.9 Packing
Pack spaces between sleeve or opening and duct or duct insulation with mineral fiber.
3.2 FIELD TESTS AND INSPECTIONS
The Contractor is responsible for the administration and direction of tests. Furnish instruments,
equipment, connecting devices and personnel for the tests. Notify the Project Manager 7 days
before inspection or testing is scheduled.
Page 11 of 12
3.2.1 Low Pressure Class Ductwork Tests
Not all low velocity ductwork need to be tested unless specified elsewhere in this
specification or especially called for by the Project Manager for random test of equivalent to
20% of total air duct length in the whole sub-contract.
3.2.2 Performance Testing and Balancing
A. Performance and Testing Balancing:
1. Balancing and Testing of Air Systems.
B. Sound Level Tests
Upon completion of testing and balancing of air systems, conduct sound level tests
of conditioned spaces. Use approved calibrated sound level meter and record
sound levels in DBA with air systems off, with heating system only operating and
with cooling system only operating. Record the following data for each room
system in quadruplicate:
1. Background sound level (systems off)

2. Total sound level with one system operating.
C. Test Locations
Take sound level reading at location 1.80 meters from face of each outlet on a line
at 45 degrees with face of outlet.
D. Remedial Action
If sound level is at any observation point exceeds 20 45 DBA, the Contractor shall
take remedial action as directed.
END OF THE SECTION
Page 12 of 12
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Metal Ducts and Accessories SECTION 15815
PART 1 – GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 2
PART 2 – PRODUCTS ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 DUCT MATERIALS AND SEALANTS ................................................................................................ 5
2.2 DUCT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION .................................................................................... 5
2.3 DUCT LINER (WHERE INDICATED ON DRAWINGS) ............................................................................ 6
2.4 DUCT ACCESS DOORS, PANELS AND SECTIONS ........................................................................... 7
2.5 FIRE DAMPERS ........................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 SMOKE DAMPERS ....................................................................................................................... 7
2.7 FIRE DOORS ............................................................................................................................... 8
2.8 FLEXIBLE AIR DUCT CONNECTORS............................................................................................... 8
2.9 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS ............................................................................................................. 9
2.10 SOUND ATTENUATING UNITS ....................................................................................................... 9
2.11 GRAVITY TYPE AIR INTAKE/EXHAUST HOODS ............................................................................... 9
2.12 PREFABRICATED ROOF CURBS .................................................................................................. 10
2.13 EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS ............................................................................................................. 10
2.14 FIRESTOPPING MATERIAL .......................................................................................................... 10
2.15 SEISMIC RESTRAINT FOR DUCTWORK ........................................................................................ 10
2.16 SHEET METAL DUCT ISOLATION ................................................................................................. 10
2.17 THERMOMETER (AIR) ................................................................................................................. 11
2.18 INSTRUMENT TEST FITTINGS...................................................................................................... 11
2.19 CONSTANT AIRFLOW REGULATOR (CAR) ................................................................................... 11
2.20 PERFORATED DISTRIBUTION PLATE (WHERE APPLICABLE) ........................................................... 11
2.21 AIR OUTLETS AND INLETS .......................................................................................................... 12
2.22 W IRE MESH GRILLE .................................................................................................................. 13
2.23 MISCELLANEOUS DUCT ACCESSORIES ....................................................................................... 13
PART 3 – EXECUTION ........................................................................................................................ 17
3.1 INSTALLATION ........................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 DUCT LEAKAGE TESTS AND REPAIR ........................................................................................... 18
SECTION 15815
METAL DUCTS AND ACCESSORIES
PART 1 – GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Ductwork and accessories for HVAC including the following:
1. Supply air, return air, outside air, exhaust, and relief systems.
B. Definitions:
1. SMACNA Standards as used in this specifications means the HVAC Duct

Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible.
2. Seal or Sealing: Use of liquid or mastic sealant, with or without compatible

tape overlay, or gasketing of flanged joints, to keep air leakage at duct joints,
seams and connections to an acceptable minimum.
3. Duct Pressure Classification: SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards,

Metal and Flexible.
4. Exposed Duct: Exposed to view in a finished room.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15010 - Mechanical General Provisions
B. Section 07841 - Through Penetration Firestopping Systems
C. Section 15050 - Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods
D. Section 15071 - Noise and Vibration Control
E. Section 15840 - Air Terminal Units
F. Section 15725 - Typical Air Handling Units
G. Section 15900 - HVAC Instrumentation and Controls
A. Refer to article, QUALITY ASSURANCE, in Section 15010.
B. Fire Safety Code: Comply with NFPA 90A.
C. Duct System Construction and Installation: Referenced SMACNA Standards are the
minimum acceptable quality.
D. Duct Sealing: Air Leakage Criteria, and Air Leakage Tests:
1. All ducts shall be sealed as per SMACNAS duct sealing requirements in

Section 1 of SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual for actual duct
pressure classes shown on the drawings. All ducts less than 500 Pa (2
inches w.g) pressure classification shall meet requirements of class C seal.
Page 1 of 18
2. At the beginning of the work, leak test representative samples of the duct
construction for each pressure class greater than 750 Pa (3 inches w.g). The
sample specimen shall be minimum 25% of the ductwork of the selected
system representing each pressure class, and shall include at least five
transverse joints, typical seams, an access door, and at least two typical
branch connections and an elbow. The sample specimen shall be part of the
actual ductwork to be installed for the project.
3. The leakage amount shall not exceed the permissible leakage rate in CFM
per 100 square feet of duct surface for the pressure and leakage classes
shown in table below. The permissible leakage rate shall be calculated as per
Section 4 of SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual.
DUCT CONSTRUCTION CLASS Leakage Class

(Representing Pressure Class)
2490 pa (10 inches w.g) and above 3
1500 pa (6 inches w.g) 6
4. Follow leakage testing procedures, test apparatus, and test reports to be

submitted to the Consultant as per SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test
Manual. All tests shall be performed in the presence of the Consultant. The
Test and Balance agency shall measure and record duct leakage as
specified herein, and shall report any unusual conditions to the Consultant
and identify leakage source.
5. If a specimen fails to meet the permissible leakage level, the contractor shall
modify all ductwork installed represented by this specimen to bring it into
compliance and shall retest it until acceptable leakage is demonstrated to the
Consultant.
6. Tests and re-tests and necessary repairs shall be completed prior to

insulation and concealment of ducts.
E. Duct accessories exposed to the air stream, such as dampers of all types (except
smoke dampers) and access openings, shall be of the same material as the duct or
provide at least the same level of corrosion resistance.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
B. Manufacturer’s Literature and Data:
1. Rectangular ducts:
Page 2 of 18
a. Schedules of duct systems, materials and selected SMACNA

construction alternatives for joints, sealing, gage and reinforcement.
b. Duct liner.
c. Sealants and gaskets
d. Access doors.
2. Round and flat oval duct construction details:
a. Manufacturer’s details for duct fittings:
b. Duct liner.
c. Sealants and gaskets.
d. Access sections.
e. Installation instructions.
3. Volume dampers, back draft dampers.
4. Upper hanger attachments.
5. Fire dampers, fire doors, and smoke dampers with installation instructions.
6. Sound attenuators, including pressure drop and acoustic performance.
7. Flexible ducts and clamps, with manufacturer’s installation instructions.
8. Flexible connections.
9. Air intake/exhaust hoods.
10. Instrument test fittings.
11. Perforated distribution plates.
12. Diffusers, registers, grilles and accessories.
13. Details and design analysis of alternate or optional duct systems.
C. Coordination Drawings: Refer to article, DRAWINGS AND APPROVAL, in Section

15010.
A. Air Diffusion Council Test Code:
1062R4 - Certification, Rating, and Test Manual (1977)
A167 - Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting

Chromium-Nickel, Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip
Page 3 of 18
A527 - Standard Specification for Steel, Carbon (0.15 Maximum

Percent), Hot-Rolled Sheet and Strip, Commercial Quality.
A569 - Steel, Carbon (0.15 Maximum Percent),Hot Rolled Sheet and

Strip, Commercial Quality
B209 - Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy

Sheet and Plate
C1071 - Standard Specification for Thermal and Acoustical Insulation

(Mineral Fiber, Duct Lining Material)
E84 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of

Building Materials.
C. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
90A - Standard for the Installations of Air Conditioning and

Ventilating Systems.
96 - Standard for the Installation of Equipment for the Removal of

Smoke and Grease-Laden Vapors from Commercial Cooking
Equipment.
D. National Uniform Seismic Installation Guideline (NUSIG)
E. Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA):
HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and Flexible

HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual
Fibrous Glass Duct Construction Standards
Seismic Restraint Manual Guidelines for Mechanical Systems
F. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL):
181 - UL Standard for Safety Factory-Made Air Ducts and

Connectors
555 - UL Standard for Fire Dampers
555S - UL Standard for Safety Leakage Rated Dampers for Use in

Smoke Control System
G. Australian Standards
AS 1682.1 – 1990 Fire dampers

Part 1 – Specifications
AS 1530.4 – 1990 Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and
structures
Par 4 – Fire-resistance tests of elements of building
construction
H. ISO834: 1975 Fire-resistance tests – Elements of building construction
Page 4 of 18
PART 2 – PRODUCTS
2.1 DUCT M ATERIALS AND SEALANTS
A. General: Except for systems specified otherwise, construct ducts, casings, and
accessories of galvanized sheet steel, ASTM A653 or A875, coating G90 (“APO
Galfan”) or equal; or aluminum sheet, ASTM B209, alloy 1100, 3003 or 5052.
B. Specified Corrosion Resistant Systems: Stainless steel sheet, ASTM A167, Class
302 or 304, Condition A (annealed), Finish No. 4 for exposed ducts and Finish No. 2B
for concealed duct or ducts located in mechanical rooms.
1. Damper frames, damper blades and shafts, shall be stainless steel or PVC
coated galvanized steel, with non-ferrous bearing material.
C. Grease Duct: Double wall Metalbestos Model PS, factory-built grease duct, UL
labeled and complying with NFPA 96 may be furnished in lieu of specified materials
for kitchen and grill hood exhaust duct. Installation and accessories shall comply with
the manufacturers catalog data. Outer jacket or exposed ductwork shall be stainless
steel. Square and rectangular duct shown on the drawings will have to be converted
to equivalent round size.
D. Joint Sealing: Refer to SMACNA Standards, paragraph S1.8 and S1.9
1. Sealant: Elastomeric compound, gun or brush grade, maximum 25 flame

spread and 50 smoke developed (dry state) compounded specifically for
sealing ductwork as recommended by the manufacturer. Generally provide
liquid sealant, with or without compatible tape, for low clearance slip joints
and heavy, permanently elastic, mastic type where clearances are larger. Oil
base caulking and glazing compounds are not acceptable because they do
not retain elasticity and bond.
2. Tape: Use only tape specifically designated by the sealant manufacturer and
apply only over wet sealant. Pressure sensitive tape shall not be used on
bare metal or on dry sealant.
3. Gaskets in Flanged Joints: Soft neoprene.
E. Approved factory made joints such as DUCTMATE SYSTEM may be used.
2.2 DUCT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION
A. Follow SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards.
B. Duct Pressure Classes: As shown on the drawings.
C. Seal Classes: As shown on the drawings and in accordance with SMACNA HVAC Air
Duct Leakage Test Manual.
D. Kitchen and Grill Hood (Ventilator) Exhaust Ducts: Comply with NFPA 96.
1. Material: 1.6mm (16 gage) steel sheet (black iron), ASTM A569, or 1.3mm
(18 gage) stainless steel. Use stainless steel for exposed duct in occupied
areas.
E. Round and Flat Oval Ducts: Furnish duct and fittings made by the same manufacturer
to insure good fit of slop joints. When submitted and approved in advance, round and
flat oval duct, with size converted on the basis of equal pressure drop, may be
furnished in lieu of rectangular duct design shown on the drawings.
Page 5 of 18
1. Elbows: Diameters 80 through 200 mm (3 through 8 inches) shall be two

section die stamped, all others shall be gored construction, maximum 18
degree angle. With all seams continuously welded or standing seam. Coat
galvanized areas of fittings damaged by welding with corrosion resistant
aluminum paint or galvanized repair compound.
2. Provide bellmouth, conical tees or taps, laterals, reducers, and other low loss
fittings as shown in SMACNA Standards.
3. Ribbed Duct Option: Lighter gage round/oval duct and fittings may be
furnished provided certified tests indicating that the rigidity and performance
is equivalent to SMACNA standard gage ducts are submitted.
a. Ducts: Manufacturer’s published standard gage, G90 coating, spiral

lock seam construction with an intermediate standing rib.
b. Fittings: May be manufacturer’s standard as shown in published
catalogs, fabricated by spot welding and bonding with neoprene base
cement or machine formed seam in lieu of continuous welded seams.
4. Provide flat side reinforcement of oval ducts as recommended by the

manufacturer and SMACNA Standard S3.13. Because of high pressure loss,
do not use internal tie-rod reinforcement unless approved by the Consultant.
F. Canopy Hoods, Reagent Grade Water Treatment Room Exhausts: Constructed of

1.3, (18 gauge) stainless steel.
G. Casings and Plenums: Construct in accordance with SMACNA Standards Section VI,
including curbs, access doors, pipe penetrations, eliminators and drain pans. Access
doors shall be hollow metal, insulated with latches and door pulls, 500 mm (20
inches) wide by 1200 - 1350 mm (48-54 inches) high. Provide viewport in the doors
where shown. Provide drain for outside air louver plenum. Outside air plenum shall
have exterior insulation. Drain piping shall be routed to the nearest floor drain.
H. Volume Dampers: Single blade or opposed blade, multi-louver type as detailed in

SMACNA Standards.
I. Duct Hangers and Supports: Refer to SMACNA Standards Section IV. Avoid use of
trapeze hangers for round duct.
2.3 DUCT LINER (WHERE INDICATED ON DRAWINGS)
A. Duct sizes shown on drawings for lined duct are clear opening inside lining.
B. Rectangular Duct or Casing Liner: ASTM C1071, Type I (flexible), or Type II (board),
25 mm (one inch) minimum thickness matte face with anti-mircobial coating, applied
with mechanical fasteners and 100 percent coverage of adhesive in conformance
with SMACNA, Duct Liner Application Standard.
C. Round and Oval Duct Liner: Factory fabricated double-walled with 25 mm (one inch)
thick sound insulation and inner perforated galvanized metal liner. Construction shall
comply with flame and smoke rating required by NFPA 90A. Metal liner shall be 1.0 to
0.60 mm (20 to 24 gage) having perforations not exceeding 2.4 mm (3/32 inch)
diameter and approximately 22 percent free area. Metal liner for fittings need to be
perforated. Assemblies shall be complete with continuous sheet mylar liner, 2 mil
thickness, between the perforated liner and the insulation to prevent erosion of the
insulation. Provide liner couplings/spacer for outer shell to liner size. Provide liner
spacing/concentricity leaving airway unobstructed.
Page 6 of 18
2.4 DUCT ACCESS DOORS, PANELS AND SECTIONS
A. Provide access doors, sized and located for maintenance work, upstream, in the
following locations:
1. Each duct mounted coil and humidifier.
2. Each fire damper (for link service), smoke damper and automatic control
damper.
3. Each duct mounted smoke detector.
4. For cleaning kitchen hood exhaust duct, locate access doors at 6 m (20 feet)
intervals and at each change in duct direction.
B. Openings shall be at large as feasible in small ducts, 300 mm (12 inch by 12 inch)
minimum where possible. Access sections in insulated ducts shall be double-wall,
insulated. Transparent shatterproof covers are preferred for uninsulated ducts.
1. For rectangular ducts: Refer to SMACNA Standards (Figure 2-12).
2. For round and flat oval duct: Access sections shall be not less than 1.0 mm
(20 gage) housing welded or riveted to a duct section.
C. For additional details, refer to item 2.24 – G.
2.5 FIRE DAMPERS
A. Galvanized steel, interlocking blade type, UL listing and label, 1 ½ hour rating, 70 ºC
(160 ºF), fusible link, 100 percent free opening with no part of the blade stack or
damper frame in the air stream.
B. Fire dampers in fume hood exhaust or wet air exhaust shall be stainless steel
construction, all others may be galvanized steel.
1. The damper frame may be of design and length as to function as the

mounting sleeve, thus eliminating the need for a separate sleeve, as allowed
by UL 555. Otherwise provide sleeves and mounting angles, minimum 1.9
mm (14 gage), required to provide installation equivalent to the damper
manufacturer’s UL test installation.
2. Submit manufacturer’s installation instructions conforming to UL rating test.
3. Combination fire and smoke dampers: multi-louver or curtain type units

meeting all requirements of both dampers shall be used where shown and
may be used at the Contractor’s option where applicable.
2.6 SMOKE DAMPERS
A. Maximum air velocity, through free area of open damper, and pressure loss: low
pressure and medium pressure duct (supply, return, exhaust, outside air): 450 m/min
(1500 fpm). Maximum static pressure loss: 32 Pa (0.13 inch WG).
B. Maximum air leakage, closed damper: 0.32 cubic meters/min/square meter (4.0 cfm
per square foot) at 750 Pa (3 inches wg) differential pressure.
C. Minimum requirements for dampers:
Page 7 of 18
1. Meet requirements of Table 6-1 of UL 555S, except the Fire Endurance and
Hose Stream test.
2. Frame: Galvanized steel channel with side, top and bottom stops or seals.
3. Blades: Galvanized steel, parallel type preferably, 300 mm (12 inch)

maximum width, edges sealed with neoprene, rubber or felt, if required to
meet minimum leakage. Airfoil (streamlined) type for minimum noise
generation and pressure drop are preferred for duct mounted dampers.
4. Shafts: Galvanized steel.
5. Bearing: Nylon, bronze sleeve or ball type.
6. Hardware: Zinc plated.
7. Operation: Automatic open/close. No smoke damper that requires manual

reset or link replacement after actuation is acceptable. See drawings for
required control operation.
D. Motor operator (actuator): Provide pneumatic or electric as required by the automatic

control system, externally mounted on stand-offs to allow complete insulation
coverage.
2.7 FIRE DOORS
Galvanized steel, interlocking blade type, UL listing and label, 71 ºC (160 ºF) fusible link, 3
hour rating and approved for openings in Class A fire walls with rating up to 4 hours, 100
percent free opening with no part of the blade stack or damper frame in the air stream.
2.8 FLEXIBLE AIR DUCT CONNECTORS
A. General: Factory fabricated, complying with NFPA 90A for connectors not passing
through floors of buildings. Flexible ducts shall not penetrate any fire or smoke barrier
which is required to have a fire resistance rating of one hour or more. Flexible duct
length shall not exceed 1.5 m (5 feet). Provide insulated acoustical air duct
connectors in supply air duct systems and elsewhere as shown.
B. Flexible ducts shall be listed by Underwriters Laboratories Inc., complying with UL

181. Ducts larger than 200 mm (8 inches) in diameter shall be Class 1. Ducts 200
mm (8 inches) in diameter and smaller may be Class 1 or Class 2.
C. Insulated Flexible Air Duct: Factory made including mineral fiber insulation with
maximum C factor of 0.25 at 24 ºC (75 ºF) mean temperature, encased with a low
permeability moisture barrier outer jacket, having a puncture resistance of not less
than 50 Beach Units. Acoustic insertion loss shall not be less than 3 dB per 300 mm
(foot) of straight duct, at 500 Hz, based on 150 mm (6 inch) duct, of 750 m/min (2500
fpm).
D. Application Criteria:
1. Temperature range: - 18 to 93 ºC (0 to 200 ºF) internal.

2. Maximum working velocity: 1200 m/min (4000 feet per minute).
3. Minimum working pressure, inches of water gage: 2500 Pa (10 inches)

positive, 500 Pa (2 inches) negative.
Page 8 of 18
E. Duct Clamps: 100 percent nylon strap, 80 kg (175 pounds) minimum loop tensile
strength manufactured for this purpose or stainless steel strap with cadmium plated
worm gear tightening device. Apply clamps with sealant and as approved for UL 181,
Class 1 installation.
2.9 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS
A. Where duct connections are made to fans and air handling units, install a non-
combustible flexible connection of 822 g (29 ounce) neoprene coated fiberglass fabric
approximately 150 mm (6 inches) wide. For connections exposed to sun and weather
provide hypalon coating in lieu of neoprene. Burning characteristics shall conform to
NFPA 90A. Securely fasten flexible connections to round ducts with stainless steel or
zinc-coated iron draw band with worm gear fastener. For rectangular connections,
crimp fabric to sheet metal and fasten sheet metal to ducts by screws 50 mm (2
inches) on center. Fabric shall not be stressed other than by air pressure. Allow at
least 25 mm (one inch) slack to insure that no vibration is transmitted.
2.10 SOUND ATTENUATING UNITS
General: In addition to those shown on the schematic diagrams, the Contractor shall provide
duct-mounted sound attenuators where required to satisfy the Room Noise Criteria specified
under Section 15071, without additional cost to the Owner. Adjustments of fan ESP shall be
done accordingly.
Ordinary (Air Systems Having  85% Efficiency Air Filters)
A. Cleaning, not less than 1.0 mm (20 gage) galvanized sheet steel, or 1.3 mm (18
gage) aluminum fitted with suitable flanges to make clean airtight connections to
ductwork. Sound-absorbent material faced with glass fiber cloth and covered with not
less than 0.6 mm (24 gage) or heavier galvanized perforated sheet steel, or 0.85 mm
(22 gage) or heavier perforated aluminum. Perforations shall not exceed 4 mm (5/32-
inch) diameter, approximately 25 percent free area. Sound absorbent material shall
be long glass fiber acoustic blanket meeting requirements of NFPA 90A.
B. Entire unit shall be completely air tight and free of vibration and buckling at internal
static pressures up to 2000 Pa (8 inch water gage) at operating velocities.
C. Pressure drop through each unit: Not to exceed indicated value at design air
acoustical performance 80 Pascal maximum.
D. Cap open ends of attenuators at factory with plastic, heavy duty paper, cardboard, or
other appropriate material to prevent entrance of dirt, water, or any other foreign
matter to inside of attenuator. Caps shall not be removed until attenuator is installed
in duct system.
2.11 GRAVITY TYPE AIR INTAKE/EXHAUST HOODS
A. Aluminum, ASTM B209, louvered, spun, or fabricated using panel sections with roll-
formed edges, 13 mm (1/2 inch) mesh aluminum or galvanized welded wire bird
screen, with gravity or motorized dampers were shown, accessible interior, designed
for 2200 km/h winds.
B. See hood schedule on the drawings. Sizes shown designate throat size. Area of hood
perimeter opening shall be not less than the throat area.
C. Dampers for Gravity Ventilators Without Duct Connection: Construct damper of the
same material as the ventilator and design to completely close opening or remain
Page 9 of 18
wide open. Hold damper in closed position by a brass chain and catch. Extend chains
300 mm (12 inches) below and engage catch when damper is closed.
2.12 PREFABRICATED ROOF CURBS
Galvanized steel or extruded aluminum 300 mm (12 inches) above finish roof service,
continuous welded corner seams, treated wood nailer, 40 mm (1-1/2 inch) thick, 48 kg/cubic
meter (3 pound/cubic feet) density rigid mineral fiberboard insulation with metal liner, built-in
cant strip (except for gypsum or tectum decks). For surface insulated roof deck, provide
raised cant strip (recessed mounting flange) to start at the upper surface of the insulation.
Curbs shall be constructed for pitched roof or ridge mounting as required to keep top of curb
level.
2.13 EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS
Section 15050.
2.14 FIRESTOPPING M ATERIAL
Refer to Section 07841.
2.15 SEISMIC RESTRAINT FOR DUCTWORK
A. Ductwork shall be supported and braced to resist all directional (transverse,

longitudinal and vertical) forces.
B. Brace all duct branches, minimum of one brace per branch.
C. Provide required bracing material.
D. Provide one of the following options:
1. Design and installation to meet the criteria listed above, and meet
requirements of the latest Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors
National Association (SMACNA), Seismic Restraint Manual Guidelines for
Mechanical Systems for the prescribed Seismic Hazard Level (SHL).
2. Design and installation to meet the criteria listed above, and meet the most
current requirements of the National Uniform Seismic Installation Guidelines
(NUSIG). Contractor shall submit all design tables and information for the
design force levels, stamped and signed by a professional engineer
registered in the place where project is located.
3. Where SMACNA or NUSIG requirements are not met completely, submit

proposed alternate details and calculations to completely address seismic
bracing requirements. Such designs shall use more severe of the Local Code
and the Uniform Building Code requirements for determining seismic forces,
and be performed, stamped and signed by a professional engineer registered
in the place where project is located. Revise if necessary any details shown
on the contract drawings for vertical support and lateral bracing, and submit
for the approval of the Consultant to meet the design criteria listed above.
2.16 SHEET METAL DUCT ISOLATION
A. All sheet metal ducts and air plenums within mechanical rooms or within a distance of
50 feet total duct length of connected vibration-isolated equipment (whichever is
longer) shall be isolated from the building structure by either Unit SLRS or 30N
Page 10 of 18
isolators (whichever is applicable to the mounting condition). All isolators shall

achieve 1.0-inch minimum static deflection.
B. Ducts within the specified limits which penetrate the building construction shall be
isolated from the building by using resilient penetration sleeve/seals. Resilient lateral
guides shall be used wherever lateral support of vertical duct runs is required within
the specified limits.
C. Flexible Duct Connections: Sheet metal ducts or plenum openings shall be squarely
aligned with the fan discharge, fan intake, or adjacent duct section prior to installation
of the flexible connection, so that the clear length is approximately equal all the way
around the perimeter. Flexible duct connections shall not be installed until this
provision is met. The fan unit or adjacent duct section shall be able to move 1 inch in
any direction without causing metal-to-metal contact or stretching taut the flexible
connection.
2.17 THERMOMETER (AIR)
Section 15900 - HVAC Instrumentation and Controls.
2.18 INSTRUMENT TEST FITTINGS
A. Manufactured type with a minimum 50 mm (two inch) length for insulated duct, and a
minimum 25 mm (one inch) length for duct not insulated. Test hole shall have a flat
gasket for rectangular ducts and a concave gasket for round ducts at the base, and a
screw cap to prevent air leakage.
B. Provide instrument test holes at each duct or casing mounted temperature sensor or
transmitter, and at entering and leaving side of each heating coil, cooling coil, and
heat recovery unit.
2.19 CONSTANT AIRFLOW REGULATOR (CAR)
Each regulator shall solely operate on duct pressure and require no external power supply.
Each regulator shall be preset and factory calibrated requiring no field adjustment to the
airflows as indicated on the design drawing, and shall be rated for use in air temperatures
o o o o
ranging from -25 to 140 F (-32 to 60 C). Constant airflow regulators shall be capable of
maintaining constant airflow within +/- 10% of scheduled flow rates (15% for units 50 cfm or
less), within the operating range of 0.2 to 0.8 in. w.g. differential pressure, or 0.6 to 2.4. in.
w.g. on high-pressure models. Sound power levels shall not exceed those for each size and
cfm rating as scheduled. Regulators shall be provided as an assembly consisting of a flame
resistant plastic body with self-inflating silicon element housed within a .75mm galvanized
steel sleeve or flanged plate for mounting in either round or rectangular duct. Each round
sleeve must be fitted with a brush gasket to assure perimeter air tightness with the interior
surface of the duct. All Constant Airflow Regulators will require no maintenance and must be
warranted for a period of no less than five years. Constant Airflow Regulators shall be
installed in tight ducting systems in accordance with all applicable codes and manufacturer’s
instructions.
2.20 PERFORATED DISTRIBUTION PLATE (WHERE APPLICABLE)
A. Furnish under Section 15725 - Typical Air Handling Units
B. Material: 60 percent free area perforated plate made of 3.5 mm (10 gage) galvanized
steel with round openings equally spaced over entire face area. Maximum air
pressure drop through distribution plate for air volumes scheduled shall be 25 Pa
(0.10-inch WG). Bolt plate to a sturdy steel support frame.
Page 11 of 18
C. Location: Where shown on the drawings.
2.21 AIR OUTLETS AND INLETS
A. Materials:
1. Steel or aluminum except that all units installed in operating rooms shall be
aluminum or stainless steel. Provide manufacturer's standard gasket.
2. Exposed Fastenings: The same material as the respective inlet or outlet.

Fasteners for aluminum may be stainless steel.
3. Contractor shall review all ceiling drawings and details and provide all ceiling
mounted devices with appropriate dimensions and trim for the specific
locations.
B. Performance Test Data: In accordance with Air Diffusion Council code 1062R4. Refer
to Section 15071, for NC criteria.
C. Air Supply Outlets:
1. Ceiling Diffusers: Suitable for surface mounting, exposed T-bar or special tile
ceilings, off-white finish, square or round neck connection as shown on the
drawings. Provide plaster frame for units in plaster ceilings.
a. Square, louver, fully adjustable pattern: Round neck, surface

mounting unless shown otherwise on the drawings. Provide
equalizing or control grid and volume control damper.
b. Louver face type: Square or rectangular, removable core for 1, 2, 3,

or 4 way directional pattern. Provide equalizing or control grid and
opposed blade damper.
c. Perforated face type: Manual adjustment for 1, 2, 3, or 4 way

horizontal air distribution pattern without change of air volume or
pressure. Provide equalizing or control grid and opposed blade over
overlapping blade damper. Perforated face diffusers for VAV systems
shall have the pattern controller on the inner face, rather than in the
neck and designed to discharge air horizontally at the ceiling
maintaining a constant effect.
d. Slot diffuser/plenum:
1) Galvanized steel boot lined with 13 mm (1/2 inch) thick

fiberglass conforming to NFPA 90A and complying to UL 181
for erosion. Form slots or use adjustable pattern controllers,
to provide stable, horizontal air flow pattern over a wide
range of operating conditions.
2) Provide inlet connection diameter equal to duct diameter

shown on drawings or provide transition coupling if
necessary.
3) Maximum pressure drop at design flow rate: 37 Pa (0.15

inch) wg.
2. Linear Grilles and Diffusers: Extruded aluminum, manufacturer's standard

finish, positive holding concealed fasteners.
a. Margin: Flat, 20 mm (3/4 inch) wide.
Page 12 of 18
b. Bars: Minimum 5 mm (3/16 inch) wide by 20 mm (3/4 inch) deep,

zero deflection unless otherwise shown. Reinforce bars on 450 mm
(18 inch) center for sidewall units and on 150 mm (6 inch) center for
units installed in floor or sills.
c. Provide opposed blade damper and equalizing or control grid where

shown.
D. Return and Exhaust Registers and Grilles: Provide opposed blade damper without
removable key operator for registers.
1. Finish: Off-white baked enamel for ceiling mounted units. Wall units shall
have a prime coat for field painting, or shall be extruded aluminum with
manufacturer's standard aluminum finish.
2. Standard Type: Fixed horizontal face bars set at 30 to 45 degrees,

approximately 30 mm (1-1/4 inch) margin.
3. Perforated Face Type: To match supply units.
4. Grid Core Type: 13 mm by 13 mm (1/2 inch by 1/2 inch) core with 30 mm

(1-1/4 inch) margin.
5. Linear Type: To match supply units.
6. Door Grilles: Are furnished with the doors.
7. Filter Grilles: Standard face hinged to a mounting frame with space for a 25
mm (one inch) throwaway filter. Hold face closed by a locking screw. Provide
retaining clips to hold filter in place. Provide one inch thick fiberglass
throwaway filter.
2.22 WIRE MESH GRILLE
A. Fabricate grille with 2 x 2 mesh 13 mm (1/2 inch) galvanized steel or aluminum

hardware cloth in a spot welded galvanized steel frame with approximately 40 mm
(1-1/2 inch) margin.
B. Use grilles where shown in unfinished areas such as mechanical rooms.
2.23 MISCELLANEOUS DUCT ACCESSORIES
A. General: Fabricate duct accessories from the same material as the ductwork in which
the accessory will be installed, unless specified otherwise.
B. Manual Splitter Dampers: Fabricated from same material as the ductwork two gauges
heavier than duct in which installed with splitters long enough to completely close the
branch duct without flutter. In all cases, blade dimension in direction of airflow shall
be 1-1/2 times width of branch duct not less than 12 inches. Provide a locking
quadrant and align its operating handle with the damper blade.
C. Manual Single Blade Volume or Balancing Dampers (2 inches WC Construction):
1. Fabricate in accordance with SMACNA standards, except as detailed on the

Drawings and as specified.
2. Blade and fastener material shall be the same as the ductwork in which the
damper is to be installed. Rod shall be galvanized steel. Blade shall be
riveted or bolted to rod.
Page 13 of 18
3. Dampers shall be of a length suitable to shut off branch ducts without causing
damper flutter.
4. Cross break dampers and stiffen edges with two edge brakes for rigidity.
Provide additional stiffening angles, as required.
5. Provide continuous rods and outside end bearings on all damper assemblies.
Additionally, provide inside end bearings on internally lined ducts. Mark the
ends of damper rods with a saw cut to indicate blade position.
6. Maximum single blade balancing damper size shall be 12 by 48 inches.

Provide manual opposed-blade balancing dampers in ducts wider than 12
inches. Section damper blades over 48 inches wide horizontally.
7. Provide a specified regulator or locking quadrant for adjustment.
D. Manual Opposed-Blade Volume or Balancing Dampers (2 inches WC Construction)
1. Fabricate in accordance with SMACNA standards, except as detailed on the

Drawings and as specified.
2. Blade, rod, linkage, frame, and fastener material shall be the same as the
ductwork in which the damper is to be installed.
3. Blades shall be center crimped for stiffness and to receive pins and rods, and
edge crimped to interlock with adjacent blades on full shutoff. Provide
additional stiffening angles, as required.
4. Provide a prime coated or galvanized channel frame for mounting of

bearings, with angle stops on top and bottom.
5. Provide continuous rods on all drive damper assemblies. Mark the ends of
the damper shaft extension with a saw cut to indicate blade position.
6. Linkage and hardware shall be SMACNA accepted as manufactured by

Ventlok, arranged for gang operation and opposed-blade action without
jamming or racking.
7. Bushings for galvanized steel dampers shall be oil impregnated bronze, sized
to match with pins. Bushings for aluminum and stainless steel ductwork shall
be nylon or other suitable thermoset plastic.
8. Blades shall be a minimum of 18-gauge steel or equal strength aluminum.

Maximum blade width shall be 12 inches. Provide multisection dampers for
dampers over 48 inches wide.
9. Provide specified locking quadrants for ductwork serving nonclean areas.

Provide specified dial regulators for ductwork serving cleanrooms.
E. Regulators and Quadrants:
1. Acceptable Manufacturers: as approved by the Architect/Engineer.
a. Ventlok as specified.
b. Duro-Dyne Specline/Quadline equivalent.
2. Concealed Accessible Insulated Ductwork:
a. as regulator.
Ventlok Figure 635 dial approved by the Architect/Engineer.
Page 14 of 18
b. Ventlok Figure 555 locking quadrant.
3. Concealed Accessible Insulated Ductwork:

as approved by the Architect/Engineer.
a. Ventline Figures 637 or 639 dial regulator to match insulation
thickness.
b. Ventline Figure 555 locking quadrant with an elevated standoff of the

same height as the insulation thickness.
4. Concealed Inaccessible Ductwork: Ventlock Figure 677 concealed damper

regulator with plain cover, extended rod, and universal joints and miter gears
as required.
5. Exposed Uninsulated Ductwork in Finished Spaces: Hi-Vel Ventlok Figure

640 dial regulator with 609 end bearing.
6. Insulated Ductwork Serving Cleanrooms:
a. Ventlok Figure 644 dial regulator with Hi-Vel hardware, and Figure
a. As approved by the Architect/Engineer.
609 end bearings.
b. Locking quadrants as specified for noncleanroom areas may be

furnished, providing that the damper hardware is airtight at duct
penetrations without the use of additional sealants.
F. Turning Vanes:
1. Acceptable Manufacturers:
a. Elgen All-Tight
b. Duro-Dyne Type VR.
c. Titus
d. Tuttle and Bailey
2. Description: Hat channel or embossed vane side rails with shop-fabricated

double-blade turning vanes of the same material as the ductwork.
3. Provide factory fabricated, double thickness galvanized sheet metal turning

vanes with air foil contour in all 90º square elbows and elsewhere as
indicated on drawings. Shop fabricated turning vanes shall be submitted for
approval prior to fabrication.
4. Acoustical Turning Vanes: Double thickness galvanized sheet steel or

aluminum, nonreflective air foil contour type vane with perforated surface, a
core of sound absorbent material and nailing.
G. Duct Access Doors:
1. Acceptable Manufacturers: As approved by the Architect/Engineer.
a. Ventlok
b. Duro-Dyne
c. Ruskin
Page 15 of 18
2. Description:
a. Double wall access door with minimum 1-inch thick insulation

between walls, angle or Z-frame, sealing gasket around the
periphery, double layer Plexiglass vision panel with air space
between, hinged with Ventlok No. 100 quick release latches. Access
doors smaller than 12 inches square may be secured with sash
locks.
3. Sizes shall be as follows:
Duct Size Frame Size No. of Hinge Access

Requirements
6” through 8” 6x8 2 Hand Hole
10” 10 x 12 2 One hand and sight
12” through 16” 12 x 16 2 Two hands and head
sight
Greater than 16 x 24 3 Body entry 16”
a. Provide sufficient Ventlok No. 360 sealant for application between the
door frame and duct for installations in ductwork with seal Class A
and B, and in ductwork serving cleanrooms.
b. Patch plates attached with screw fasteners are prohibited, except in

locations where they are specifically noted.
H. Spin-in Fittings – Description: Straight pattern sheet metal spin-in fitting with 45
degree scoop designed for connection to sheet metal ductwork. Assemble using spot
welds or rivets. Button-punch fabrication is prohibited. Provide a specified balancing
damper in the ductwork immediately downstream of each spin-in fitting.
I. Backdraft Dampers:
1. Acceptable Manufacturers: As approved by the Architect/Engineer.
a. American Warning and Ventilating.
b. Dowco
c. Ruskin
d. Field
2. Description
a. Commercial quality, multiblade, parralel action, counterbalanced

backdraft dampers of 16-gauge galvanized steel, or extruded
aluminum, with center pivoted blades of maximum 6 inches width
with felt or flexible vinyl sealed edges, linked together in rattle-free
manner with 90 degree stop, and plated steel pivot pin. Channel
frame.
b. Gravity backdraft dampers smaller than 18 by 18 inches furnished

with air moving equipment, may be the air moving equipment
manufacturers standard construction.
Page 16 of 18
3. Ratings: 3,500 fpm maximum velocity, 1 inch WC backpressure, set to relieve

above 0.02 inch WC differential pressure.
J. Upblast Dampers for Smoke Exhaust:
1. Acceptable Manufacturer: As approved by the Architect/Engineer.

Ruskin
2. Description: Round upblast damper with two-piece design frame shall be 10-
gauge galvanized steel with 1-1/2 inch flange. Blades shall be 20-gauge
galvanized steel with ¾ inch axle and stainless steel bearing sleeve.
3. Damper shall have an 18-gauge galvanized wind screen to shield blades

from wind pressure.
4. Damper shall be Ruskin UBD100.
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Comply with provisions of Section 15050, particularly regarding coordination with

other trades and work in existing buildings.
B. Fabricate, install and test ductwork and accessories in accordance with referenced
SMACNA Standards:
1. Drawings show the general layout of ductwork and accessories but do not
show all required fittings and offsets that may be necessary to connect ducts
to equipment, boxes, diffusers, grilles, etc., and to coordinate with other
trades. Fabricate ductwork based on field measurements. Provide all
necessary fittings and offsets at no additional cost to the Owner. Coordinate
with other trades for space available and relative location of HVAC equipment
and accessories on ceiling grid. Duct sizes on the drawings are inside
dimensions which shall be altered by Contractor to other dimensions with the
same air handling characteristics where necessary to avoid interferences and
clearance difficulties.
2. Provide duct transitions, offsets and connections to dampers, coils, and other
equipment in accordance with SMACNA Standards, Section II. Provide
streamliner, when an obstruction cannot be avoided and must be taken in by
a duct. Repair galvanized areas with galvanizing repair compound.
3. Provide bolted construction and tie-rod reinforcement in accordance with

SMACNA Standards, Section VI.
4. Construct casings, eliminators, and pipe penetrations in accordance with

SMACNA Standards, Section VI. Design casing access doors to swing
against air pressure so that pressure helps to maintain a tight seal.
C. Install duct hangers and supports in accordance with SMACNA Standards, Section
IV.
D. Install fire dampers in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions to conform to

the installation used for the rating test.
E. Seal openings around duct penetrations of floors and fire rated partitions with fire stop
material as required by NFPA 90A.
Page 17 of 18
F. Flexible duct installation: Refer to SMACNA Standards, Section III. Ducts shall be
continuous, single pieces not over 1.5 m (5 feet) long (NFPA 90A), as straight and
short as feasible, adequately supported. Centerline radius of bends shall be not less
than two duct diameters. Make connections with clamps as recommended by
SMACNA. Clamp per SMACNA S3.33 and S3.34 with one clamp on the core duct
and one on the insulation jacket. Flexible ducts shall not penetrate floors, or any
chase or partition designated as a fire or smoke barrier, including corridor partitions
fire rated one hour or two hour. Support ducts SMACNA Standards.
G. Where diffusers, registers and grilles cannot be installed to avoid seeing inside the
duct, paint the inside of the duct with flat black paint to reduce visibility.
H. Control Damper Installation:
1. Provide necessary blank-off plates required to install dampers that are

smaller than duct size. Provide necessary transitions required to install
dampers larger than duct size.
2. Assemble multiple sections dampers with required interconnecting linkage

and extend required number of shafts through duct for external mounting of
damper motors.
3. Provide necessary sheet metal baffle plates to eliminate stratification and

provide air volumes specified. Locate baffles by experimentation, and affix
and seal permanently in place, only after stratification problem has been
eliminated.
4. Install all damper control/adjustment devices on stand-offs to allow complete

coverage of insulation.
I. Air Flow Measuring Devices (AFMD): Install units with minimum straight run
distances, upstream and downstream as recommended by the manufacturer.
J. Low Pressure Duct Liner: Install in accordance with SMACNA, Duct Liner Application
Standard.
K. Protection and Cleaning: Adequately protect equipment and materials against

physical damage. Place equipment in first class operating condition, or return to
source of supply for repair or replacement, as determined by Consultant. Protect
equipment and ducts during construction against entry of foreign matter to the inside
and clean both inside and outside before operation and painting. When new ducts are
connected to existing ductwork, clean both new and existing ductwork by mopping
and vacuum cleaning inside and outside before operation.
3.2 DUCT LEAKAGE TESTS AND REPAIR
A. Perform tests AS required. See article, QUALITY ASSURANCE.
B. Seal all openings in ducts.
END OF SECTION
Page 18 of 18
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Fans & Ventilations SECTION 15836
PART 1 - GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 RELATED W ORK .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS .................................................................................................................................... 1
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE ...................................................................................................................... 2
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING ............................................................................................... 2
1.7 COORDINATION ............................................................................................................................... 3
1.8 EXTRA MATERIALS .......................................................................................................................... 3
PART 2 - PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................. 3
2.1 TUBE AXIAL FANS ............................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 VANEXIAL FANS ............................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 MIXED-FLOW FANS .......................................................................................................................... 7
2.4 PROPELLER FANS & VENTILATIONS........................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.5 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL ............................................................................................................ 9
PART 3 - EXECUTION ................................................................................................................................. 9
3.1 INSTALLATION.................................................................................................................................. 9
3.2 CONNECTIONS................................................................................................................................. 9
3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL............................................................................................................... 10
3.4 ADJUSTING.................................................................................................................................... 10
SECTION 15836
AXIAL FANS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED WORK
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and

Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
B. Section 15010 – Mechanical General Requirements
C. Section 15050 – Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods
D. Section 15071 – Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls
E. Section 15055 – Motor, Starters, Control Centers and Wiring
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Tubeaxial fans.
2. Vaneaxial fans.
3. Mixed-flow fans.
1.3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Project Altitude: Base fan performance ratings on actual Project site elevations above
sea level.
B. Operating Limits: Classify according to AMCA 99.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Include rated capacities, furnished specialties, and accessories for
each type of product indicated and include the following:
1. Certified fan performance curves with system operating conditions indicated.

2. Certified fan sound-power ratings.
3. Motor ratings and electrical characteristics, plus motor and electrical
accessories.
4. Material thickness and finishes, including color charts.
5. Dampers, including housings, linkages, and operators.
6. Fan speed controllers.
B. Shop Drawings: Detail equipment assemblies and indicate dimensions, weights,

loads, required clearances, method of field assembly, components, and location and
size of each field connection.
Page 1 of 10
1. Wiring Diagrams: Power, signal, and control wiring.
2. Design Calculations: Calculate requirements for selecting vibration isolators

and seismic restraints and for designing vibration isolation bases.
3. Vibration Isolation Base Details: Detail fabrication, including anchorages and

attachments to structure and to supported equipment. Include auxiliary motor
slides and rails, and base weights.
C. Coordination Drawings: Show fan room layout and relationships between components
and adjacent structural and mechanical elements. Show support locations, type of
support, and weight on each support. Indicate and certify field measurements.
D. Field quality-control test reports.
E. Operation and Maintenance Data: For axial fans to include in emergency, operation,
and maintenance manuals.
A. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in

NFPA 70, Article 100, by a testing agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction,
and marked for intended use.
B. AMCA Compliance: Products shall comply with performance requirements and shall
be licensed to use the AMCA-Certified Ratings Seal.
C. NEMA Compliance: Motors and electrical accessories shall comply with NEMA
standards.
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Deliver fans as factory-assembled units, to the extent allowable by shipping

limitations, with protective crating and covering.
B. Disassemble and reassemble units, as required for moving to final locations,

according to manufacturer's written instructions.
C. Lift and support units with manufacturer's designated lifting or supporting points.
Page 2 of 10
1.7 COORDINATION
A. Coordinate size and location of structural-steel support members.
B. Coordinate size and location of concrete bases. Cast anchor-bolt inserts into bases.
Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3.
C. Coordinate installation of roof curbs, equipment supports, and roof penetrations. These
items are specified in Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories."
1.8 EXTRA M ATERIALS
A. Furnish extra materials described below that match products installed and that are
packaged with protective covering for storage and identified with labels describing
contents.
1. Belts: One set(s) for each belt-driven unit.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 TUBE AXIAL FANS ( NOT APPLICABLE )
A. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, refer to Section 15007

Alternative Equipment and Suppliers.
B. Basis-of-Design Product: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide the product

indicated on the Drawings or a comparable product by one of the following:
1. Greenheck.
2. Niagara (The New York Blower Company).
3. Kruger.
C. Description: Fan wheel and housing, factory-mounted motor with belt drive or direct
drive, an inlet cone section, and accessories.
D. Housings: Galvanized steel with flanged inlet and outlet connections.
E. Wheel Assemblies: Cast or extruded aluminum with airfoil-shaped blades mounted on

cast-iron wheel plate keyed to shaft with solid-steel key.
F. Wheel Assemblies: Fiberglass-reinforced plastic cured under pressure with airfoil-

shaped blades keyed to stainless steel shaft.
G. Wheel Assemblies: Cast aluminum, machined and fitted to shaft.
H. Drives: Factory mounted, with final alignment and belt adjustment made after installation.
1. Service Factor Based On Fan Motor Size: 1.15.

2. Fan Shaft: Turned, Ground, And Polished Steel Designed To Operate At No More
Than 70 Percent Of First Critical Speed At Top Of Fan's Speed Range.
Page 3 of 10
3. Fan Pulleys: Cast iron with split, tapered bushing; dynamically balanced at
factory.
4. Motor Pulleys: Adjustable pitch for use with motors through 5 hp; fixed pitch for
use with larger motors. Select pulley so pitch adjustment is at the middle of
adjustment range at fan design conditions.
5. Belts: Oil resistant, nonsparking, and nonstatic; matched sets for multiple belt
drives.
6. Belt Guards: Fabricate of steel for motors mounted on outside of fan cabinet.
7. Motor Mount: Adjustable base.
8. Shaft Bearings: Radial, self-aligning ball or roller bearings.
a. Ball-Bearing Rating Life: ABMA 9, L10 of 100,000 hours.
b. Roller-Bearing Rating Life: ABMA 11, L10 of 100,000 hours.
c. Extend lubrication lines to outside of casing and terminate with grease
fittings.
I. Accessories:
1. Companion Flanges: Rolled flanges of same material as housing.

2. Inspection Door: Bolted door allowing limited access to internal parts of fan, of
same material as housing.
3. Propeller Access Section Door: Short duct section bolted to fan outlet allowing
access to internal parts of fan for inspection and cleaning, of same material as
housing.
4. Swingout Construction: Assembly allowing entire fan section to swing out from
duct for cleaning and servicing, of same material as housing.
5. Mounting Clips: Horizontal ceiling clips welded to fan housing, of same material
as housing.
6. Horizontal Support: Pair of supports bolted to fan housing, of same material as
housing.
7. Vertical Support: Short duct section with welded brackets bolted to fan housing,
of same material as housing.
8. Inlet and Outlet Screens: Wire-mesh screen on fans not connected to ductwork,
9. Backdraft Dampers: Butterfly style, for bolting to the discharge of fan or outlet
cone, of same material as housing.
10. Shaft Seal: Elastomeric seal and Teflon wear plate, suitable for up to 300 deg F
(149 deg C).
11. Motor Cover: Cover with side vents to dissipate motor heat, of same material as
housing.
12. Inlet Vanes: Adjustable; with peripheral control linkage operated from outside of
airstream, bronze sleeve bearings on each end of vane support, and provision for
manual or automatic operation of same material as housing.
13. Inlet Bell: Curved inlet for when fan is not attached to duct, aluminum.
14. Inlet Cones: Round-to-rectangular transition of same material as housing.
15. Outlet Cones: Round-to-rectangular transition of same material as housing.
16. Stack Cap: Vertical discharge assembly with backdraft dampers, of same
material as housing.
J. Motors: Comply with requirements in Section 15055 Motors, Starters, Control Centers
and Wiring.
1. Enclosure Type: Totally enclosed, fan cooled.

2. Direct-Driven Units: Encase motor in housing outside of airstream, factory wired
to disconnect switch located on outside of fan housing.
Page 4 of 10
K. Factory Finishes:
1. Sheet Metal Parts: Prime coat before final assembly.

2. Exterior Surfaces: Baked-enamel finish coat after assembly.
3. Coatings: Powder-baked enamel.
a. Apply to finished housings.
b. Apply to fan wheels.
L. Isolators: Restrained spring isolators having a static deflection of 1 inch (25 mm).
2.2 VANEXIAL FANS (NOT APPLICABLE)

indicated on Drawings or a comparable product by one of the following:
1. Greenheck.
3. Kruger.
C. Description: Fan wheel and housing, straightening vane section, factory-mounted motor
with belt drive or direct drive, an inlet cone section, and accessories.
1. Variable-Pitch Fans: Internally mounted electronic actuator, externally mounted

positive positioner, and mechanical-blade-pitch indicator.
D. Housings: Galvanized steel.
1. Inlet and Outlet Connections: Flanges.

2. Guide Vane Section: Integral guide vanes downstream from fan wheel designed
to straighten airflow.
E. Wheel Assemblies: Cast aluminum with airfoil-shaped blades mounted on cast-iron

wheel plate keyed to shaft with solid-steel key.
F. Wheel Assemblies: Fiberglass-reinforced plastic cured under pressure with airfoil-

shaped blades keyed to stainless steel shaft.
G. Wheel Assemblies: Cast-aluminum hub assembly, machined and fitted with threaded
bearing wells to receive blade-bearing assemblies with replaceable, cast-aluminum
blades; factory mounted and balanced.
H. Drives: Factory mounted, with final alignment and belt adjustment made after installation.
1. Service Factor Based on Fan Motor Size: 1.15.
2. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel designed to operate at no more
than 70 percent of first critical speed at top of fan's speed range.
3. Fan Pulleys: Cast iron with split, tapered bushing; dynamically balanced at
factory.
Page 5 of 10
drives.
6. Belt Guards: Fabricate of steel for motors mounted on outside of fan cabinet.
c. Extend lubrication lines to outside of casing and terminate with grease
fittings.
I. Accessories
1. Companion Flanges: Rolled flanges of same material as housing.

2. Inspection Door: Bolted door allowing limited access to internal parts of fan, of
3. Propeller Access Section Door: Short duct section bolted to fan outlet allowing
access to internal parts of fan for inspection and cleaning, of same material as
housing.
4. Swingout Construction: Assembly allowing entire fan section to swing out from
duct for cleaning and servicing, of same material as housing.
5. Mounting Clips: Horizontal ceiling clips welded to fan housing, of same material
as housing.
6. Horizontal Support: Pair of supports bolted to fan housing, of same material as
housing.
7. Vertical Support: Short duct section with welded brackets bolted to fan housing,
8. Inlet and Outlet Screens: Wire-mesh screen on fans not connected to ductwork of
9. Backdraft Dampers: Butterfly style, for mounting with flexible connection to the
discharge of fan or direct mounted to the discharge diffuser section of same
10. Stall Alarm Probe: Sensing probe capable of detecting fan operation in stall and
signaling control devices. Control devices and sequence of operation are
specified in Division 15 Sections "HVAC Instrumentation and Controls" and
"Sequence of Operation."
11. Flow Measurement Port: Pressure measurement taps installed in the inlet of fan
to detect and signal airflow readings to temperature-control systems. Control
devices and sequence of operation are specified in Division 15 Sections "HVAC
Instrumentation and Controls" and "Sequence of Operation."
12. Shaft Seal: Elastomeric seal and Teflon wear plate, suitable for up to 300 deg F
(148 deg C).
housing.
14. Inlet Vanes: Adjustable; with peripheral control linkage operated from outside of
airstream, bronze sleeve bearings on each end of vane support, and provision for
manual or automatic operation of same material as housing.
15. Inlet Bell: Curved inlet for when fan is not attached to duct, of same material as
housing.
18. Stack Cap: Vertical discharge assembly with backdraft dampers, of same
J. Motors: Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section "Motors, Starters, Control

Centers and Wiring."
Page 6 of 10

2. Direct-Driven Units: Encase motor in housing outside of airstream, factory wired to
disconnect switch located on outside of fan housing.
K. Factory Finishes:

2.3 MIXED-FLOW FANS ( NOT APPLICABLE )


indicated on Drawings or a comparable product by one of the following:
1. Greenheck.
3. Kruger.
C. Description: Fan wheel and housing, factory-mounted motor with belt drive, and
accessories.
D. Housings: Galvanized steel.
1. Inlet and Outlet Connections: Outer mounting frame and companion flanges.
2. Guide Vane Section: Integral guide vanes downstream from fan wheel designed to
straighten airflow.
3. Mixed-Flow Outlet Connection: Two flanged discharge(s) perpendicular to fan
inlet.
E. Wheel Assemblies: Cast aluminum with airfoil-shaped blades mounted on cast-iron

wheel plate keyed to shaft with solid-steel key.
F. Drives: Factory mounted, with final alignment and belt adjustment made after installation.
1. Service Factor Based on Fan Motor Size: 1.15.

2. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel designed to operate at no more
than 70 percent of first critical speed at top of fan's speed range.
3. Fan Pulleys: Cast iron with split, tapered bushing; dynamically balanced at factory.
drives.
Page 7 of 10

c. Extend lubrication lines to outside of casing and terminate with grease fittings.
G. Accessories:
1. Mounting Clips: Horizontal ceiling clips welded to fan housing, of same material as
housing.
2. Inlet and Outlet Screens: Wire-mesh screen on fans not connected to ductwork of
3. Backdraft Dampers: Butterfly style, for mounting with flexible connection to the
discharge of fan or direct mounted to the discharge diffuser section of same
housing.
5. Inlet Bell: Curved inlet for when fan is not attached to duct, of same material as
housing.
8. Stack Cap: Vertical discharge assembly with backdraft dampers, of same material
as housing.
H. Motors: Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section Motors, Starters, Control

Centers and Wiring.

2. Direct-Driven Units: Encase motor in housing outside of airstream, factory wired to
disconnect switch located on outside of fan housing.
I. Factory Finishes:

2.4 PROPELLER FANS & VENTILATIONS
A. Standards and Performance Criteria: Refer to Paragraph, QUALITY ASSURANCE.
B. Square steel panel, deep drawn venturi, arc welded to support arms and fan/motor
support brackets, baked enamel finish. Provide wall collar for thru-wall installations.
C. Motor, Motor Base and Drive: Refer to Section 15050.
D. Wall Shutter: Fan manufacturer's standard, steel frame, aluminum blades.
E. Wire Safety Guards: Provide on exposed inlet and outlet.
Page 8 of 10
2.5 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL
A. Sound-Power Level Ratings: Comply with AMCA 301, "Methods for Calculating Fan
Sound Ratings from Laboratory Test Data." Factory test fans according to AMCA 300,
"Reverberant Room Method for Sound Testing of Fans." Label fans with the AMCA-
Certified Ratings Seal.
B. Fan Performance Ratings: Establish flow rate, pressure, power, air density, speed of
rotation, and efficiency by factory tests and ratings according to AMCA 210, "Laboratory
Methods of Testing Fans for Rating."
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Install axial fans level and plumb.
B. Support floor-mounting units using restrained spring isolators having a static deflection of
25 mm (1 inch). Vibration- and seismic-control devices are specified in Division 15
Section "Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls."
1. Secure vibration and seismic controls to concrete bases using anchor bolts cast in
concrete base.
C. Install floor-mounting units on concrete bases. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork

requirements are specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."
D. Install floor-mounting units on concrete bases designed to withstand, without damage to

equipment, the seismic force required by authorities having jurisdiction. Concrete,
reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-
Place Concrete."
E. Support suspended units from structure using threaded steel rods and spring hangers
with vertical-limit stops having a static deflection of 25 mm (1 inch). Vibration-control
devices are specified in Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls."
F. Install units with clearances for service and maintenance.
G. Label fans according to requirements specified in Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical

Materials and Methods."
3.2 CONNECTIONS
A. Duct installation and connection requirements are specified in other Division 15 Sections.
Drawings indicate general arrangement of ducts and duct accessories. Make final duct
connections with flexible connectors. Flexible connectors are specified in Division 15
Section "Duct Accessories."
B. Ground equipment according to Division 16 Section "Grounding and Bonding."
C. Connect wiring according to Division 16 Section "Conductors and Cables."

Page 9 of 10
3.3 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Perform the following field tests and inspections and prepare test reports:
1. Verify that shipping, blocking, and bracing are removed.

2. Verify that unit is secure on mountings and supporting devices and that connections
to ducts and electrical components are complete. Verify that proper thermal-
overload protection is installed in motors, starters, and disconnect switches.
3. Verify that cleaning and adjusting are complete.
4. Disconnect fan drive from motor, verify proper motor rotation direction, and verify
fan wheel free rotation and smooth bearing operation. Reconnect fan drive system,
align and adjust belts, and install belt guards.
5. Adjust belt tension.
6. Adjust damper linkages for proper damper operation.
7. Verify lubrication for bearings and other moving parts.
8. Verify that manual and automatic volume control and fire and smoke dampers in
connected ductwork systems are in fully open position.
9. Disable automatic temperature-control operators, energize motor and confirm
proper motor rotation and unit operation, adjust fan to indicated rpm, and measure
and record motor voltage and amperage.
10. Shut unit down and reconnect automatic temperature-control operators.
11. Remove and replace malfunctioning units and retest as specified above.
B. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged and malfunctioning controls
and equipment.
3.4 ADJUSTING
A. Adjust damper linkages for proper damper operation.
B. Adjust belt tension.
C. Lubricate bearings.
END OF SECTION
Page 10 of 10
DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL Air Terminal Units SECTION 15840
PART 1 - GENERAL ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.6 GUARANTY ................................................................................................................................. 2
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 2
2.1 AIR TERMINAL UNITS (BOXES) ...................................................................................................... 2
2.2 AIR FLOW CONTROL VALVE (AFCV) ............................................................................................... 4
2.3 ROOM FAN COIL UNITS................................................................................................................ 4
PART 3 - EXECUTION ........................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................. 5
3.2 OPERATIONAL TEST .................................................................................................................... 5
SECTION 15840
AIR TERMINAL UNITS
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
Air terminal units, air flow control valves, and fan-coil units.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15010 - Mechanical General Provisions.
B. Section 15050 - Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods: General

mechanical requirements and items, which are common to
more than one section of Division 15.
C. Section 15071 - Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Control: Noise

requirements.
D. Section 15840 - Air Terminal Units.
E. Section 15900 - HVAC Instrumentation and Controls
F. Section 15950 - Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing: Flow rates adjusting and
balancing
Refer to Paragraph, QUALITY ASSURANCE, in Section 15010.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
B. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:
1. Air Terminal Units: Submit test data.
2. Air flow control valves.
3. Fan Coil units.
C. Samples: Provide one typical air terminal unit for approval by the Consultant. This unit
will be returned to the Contractor after all similar units have been shipped and
deemed acceptable at the job site.
D. Certificates:
1. Compliance with paragraph, QUALITY ASSURANCE.
2. Compliance with specified standards.
E. Operation and Maintenance Manuals: Submit in accordance with paragraph,

INSTRUCTIONS, in Section 0l0l0.
Page 1 of 5
A. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI):
440R - Room Fan Coils
880 - Air Terminals
B. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
90A - Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and

Ventilating Systems
181 - Factory-Made Air Ducts and Connectors
883 - Fan Coil Units and Room-Fan Heater Units
1.6 GUARANTY
In accordance with Section 01001.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 AIR TERMINAL UNITS (BOXES)
A. General: Factory built, pressure independent units, factory set-field adjustable volume,
suitable for single or dual duct applications, as indicated. Clearly show on each unit
the unit number and factory set air volumes corresponding to the contract drawings.
Section 15950. Testing, adjusting and balancing work assume factory set air volumes.
Coordinate flow controller sequence and damper operation details with the drawings
and Section 15900.
B. Rating and Performance Certification: ARI Industry Standard 880.
1. Maximum pressure drop: As shown on the drawings.
2. Maximum room sound levels: Not to exceed criteria stated in Section 15071.
(Low-pressure duct is usually unlined. The inlet pressure should not be less
than 374 Pa (1-1/2 inches water gage), unless shown otherwise on drawings.
Provide terminal sound attenuators where necessary to comply with the noise
criteria. Sound tests and correction of deficiencies is specified in Section
15950.
C. Casing: Unit casing shall be constructed of galvanized steel not lighter than 0.85 mm
(22 gage) or aluminum sheet not lighter than 1.3 mm (18 gage). Casing of units
serving surgery area (where applicable) shall be of aluminum. Provide hanger
brackets for attachment of supports.
1. Lining material: Suitable to provide required acoustic performance, thermal

insulation and prevent sweating. Meet the requirements of NFPA 90A and
comply with UL 181 for erosion, 13 mm (one-half inch) minimum thickness,
secured to supporting surfaces in such a manner that it will not sag,
delaminate, or settle. Comply with UL Standard l8l for erosion. Surfaces,
including all edges, shall be faced with perforated metal or coated so that the
Page 2 of 5
air stream will not detach material. No lining material is permitted in the boxes
serving surgery areas.
2. Access panels (or doors): Provide panels large enough for inspection,
adjustment and maintenance without disconnecting ducts, and for cleaning
heating coils attached to unit, even if there are no moving parts. Panels shall
be flushed, gasketed airtight, and shall require no tool other than a
screwdriver to remove. Access panels on low-pressure side, i.e., downstream
of volume damper, do not require gasket if tightly fitted.
3. Total leakage from casing: Not to exceed 2 percent of the nominal capacity of
the unit when subjected to a static pressure of 747 pa (3 inch water gage),
with all outlets sealed shut and inlets fully open.
4. Octopus connector: Factory installed, lined air distribution terminal. Provide

where flexible duct connections to terminals are shown on the drawings.
Provide butterfly-balancing damper, with locking means, in connectors with
more than one outlet. No lining material is permitted in the boxes serving
surgery areas.
D. Construct dampers and other internal devices of corrosion resisting materials which
do not require lubrication or other periodic maintenance. The dampers and other
internal or external devices for boxes serving surgery area shall be of stainless steel
or aluminum.
E. Single Duct Terminals: Provide manufacturer's standard catalogue..
1. Variable Air Volume Units (VAV): Externally powered electronic DDC control
capable of BMS interface, variable air volume, with field adjustable maximum
and minimum set points.
a. Volume damper or air valve with actuator and relays.
b. Variable Air volume electronic controller: Provide pressure

independent electronic controls, which can be reset to modulate
airflow between, zero and the maximum cataloged CFM or L/s.
Provide multi-point, center-averaging velocity sensor, with a minimum
of four measuring ports. Provide a minimum differential pressure
signal of 7.5 Pa (0.03 inch water gage) at inlet velocity of 2.6 m/s (500
fpm). Provide control signal accuracy of plus or minus 5 percent with
the same inlet size at any inlet condition. The velocity controller shall
have a constant 2 degrees temperature reset span regardless of the
minimum and maximum airflow limit. Provide 24 volt reversible
actuator, class II 24 volt transformer, and disconnect switch. Actuator
shall be direct connection shaft mount type without linkage, and be
equipped with magnetic clutch. All controls shall be installed in
approved NEMA 1 enclosure.
2. Constant volume single duct. The unit shall contain within the casing, a
mechanical constant volume regulator. Volume regulator shall control air
delivery to within plus or minus 5 percent of specified air flow subjected to
inlet pressure up to 1500 pa (6 inches water gage). Controls will be designed
to provide required sequence of operation.
F. Terminal Sound Attenuators: Construction shall be similar to sound attenuators in

Section 15840.
Page 3 of 5
2.2 AIR FLOW CONTROL VALVE (AFCV)
A.. Units shall be normally closed, constant volume, DDC control type with attenuators
and/or lined duct required to meet room NC criteria. Air terminal units (boxes) may be
used for this service.
2.3 ROOM FAN COIL UNITS
A. Capacity Certification: ARI 440.
B. Safety Compliance: NEC and UL 883.
C. Noise Levels: Operating at full cooling capacity, sound power level shall not exceed by
more than 5 dB the numerical value of sound pressure levels associated with noise
criteria specified in Section 15071. Select units at intermediate speed, for compliance
with the noise criteria.
D. Chassis: Galvanized steel, acoustically and thermally insulated to attenuate noise and
prevent condensation.
E. Cabinet Type: Not lighter than 1.3 mm (l8 gage) steel, reinforced and braced. Arrange
components and provide adequate space for installation of piping package and
control valves. Finish shall be factory-baked enamel in manufacturer's standard color
as selected by the architect. Provide synthetic rubber or polyurethane gasket for
air-tight installation to the wall for outside air to vertical units and return air to
horizontal units.
l. Vertical Unit: Provide 1.6 mm (l6 gage) steel front panel with 13 mm (l/2-inch)
thick fiberglass insulation and provide screw-type levelers.
a. Air outlet grilles: Adjustable four-way air deflection located in the top
panel.
b. Provide two hinged access doors (one each side) equipped with key
operated cam-lock fasteners in the unit top panel located to provide
access to the unit controls.
2. Horizontal Unit: Hinged bottom access panel with cam-lock fasteners. Provide
stamped integral discharged grilles in front of cabinet.
F. Concealed Units: Enclosed type with inlet and outlet duct collars.
G. Fans: Centrifugal, direct drive, galvanized steel or polyester resin.
l. Motors: 3-speed permanent split capacitor type with integral thermal overload
protection, for operation at not more than l200 RPM.
2. Provide a fan speed selector switch, with off position, mounted in a junction
box in the cabinet of each unit. Switch shall have a set of auxiliary contacts
which are open when the switch is in the "off" position and closed when the
switch in either of the other positions.
H. Cooling and Electric Heating Coils (where applicable):
1. Cooling Coils: Copper tubes, 10 mm (three-eighths inch) minimum inside

diameter, not less than 4.3 mm (0.0l7 inch) thick with copper of aluminum
fins. Coils shall be pressure tested for bursting and strength in accordance
with Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., requirements for pressure tested coils,
and shall be designed to provide adequate heat transfer capacity. Provide
manual air vent at high point of coil.
Page 4 of 5
2. Electrical heating coils: Spiral sheath or finned-tube construction with Cal-rod

resistance elements in aluminum tubes. Units shall be UL listed and factory
wired with unit mounted heat switch, magnetic contactors, high temperature
cutout safety control, and fan override thermostat.
I. Piping Package: Furnished with unit by the manufacturer to fit control valves provided
by the controls supplier. Submit manufacturer's detailed drawings of the piping in the
end compartments, for approval, prior to fabrication of the piping packages. Provide
gate valves on the supply and return pipes and balancing fittings on the return pipes.
J. Drain Pan: Galvanized steel or carbon steel bonderized and finished with not less than
two coats of baked enamel or equally durable finish, and of strength to requirement of
function it performs in unit. Inside or outside surfaces of drain pan shall be coated with
mastic type insulation or closed cell polyurethane. Provide a similar secondary drain
pan, which may be steel or PVC, provided with a drain connection to catch
condensation from all piping, coils and primary drain pan.
K. Air Filter: Manufacturer's standard throwaway type, not less than one inch thick,
supported to be concealed from sight and be tight fitting to prevent air by-pass. Filters
shall have slide out frames and be easily replaced without removing enclosure or any
part thereof.
L. Control valves and unit mounted return air thermostats are to be field installed.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
A. Work shall be installed as shown and according to the manufacturer’s diagrams and
recommendations.
B. Handle and install units in accordance with manufacturer's written instructions.
C. Support units rigidly so they remain stationary at all times. Cross-bracing or other
means of stiffening shall be provided as necessary. Method of support shall be such
that distortion and malfunction of units cannot occur.
D. Locate air terminal units to provide a straight section of inlet duct for proper
functioning of volume controls.
3.2 OPERATIONAL TEST
Refer to Section 15050.
END OF SECTION
Page 5 of 5
DIVISION 15-MECHANICAL Air Filters SPECIFICATION SECTION 15861
PART 1 - GENERAL ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 RELATED W ORK.......................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 SUBMITTALS ............................................................................................................................... 1
PART 2 - PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................ 2
2.1 REPLACEMENT FILTER ELEMENTS TO BE FURNISHED ..................................................................... 2
2.2 EXTENDED SURFACE AIR FILTERS ................................................................................................ 2
PART 3 – EXECUTION........................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................. 5
3.2 START-UP AND TEMPORARY USE ................................................................................................. 5
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. Air filters for heating, ventilating and air conditioning.
B. Definitions: Refer to ASHRAE 52.1 for definitions of face velocity, net effective filtering
area, media velocity, resistance (pressure drop), atmospheric dust spot efficiency and
dust-holding capacity.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 15050 -Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods.
B. Section 15725 - Air Handling Units.
A. Air Filter Performance Report For Extended Surface Filters:
1. Submit a test report for each Grade of filter being offered. The report shall be
less than five years old and will have been prepared by an independent
testing laboratory using test equipment, method and duct section as specified
by ASHRAE Standard 52.1 for type filter under test and acceptable to
Consultant, indicating that filters comply with the requirements of this
specification. Test for 150 m/min (500 fpm) will be accepted for lower velocity
rated filters provided the test report of an independent testing laboratory
complies with all the requirements of this specification.
2. Selection procedures: All filters tested shall have been procured by the
independent testing laboratory from the open market independent of
manufacturer of these filters and a statement to this effect must accompany
test report.
3. Owner’s Option: The Owner at its option may take one of the filters for each
different type submitted and run an independent test to determine if the filter
meets the requirements of this specification. When the filter meets the
requirements, the Owner will pay for the test. When the filter does not meet
the specification requirements, the manufacturer will be required to pay for
the test and replace the filters with filters that will perform as required by the
specifications.
B. Filter Supplier Warranty for Extended Surface Filters: Guarantee the filters against
leak, blow-outs, and other deficiencies during their normal useful life. Defective filters
shall be replaced at no cost to the Owner.
C. Nameplates: Each filter shall bear a label or name plate indicating manufacturer's
name, filter size, rated efficiency, UL classification, and file number.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
B. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:
1. Extended surface filters.
2. Holding frames. Identify locations.
3. Side access housings. Identify locations, verify insulated doors.
4. HEPA filters.
Page 1 of 6
5. Magnehelic gages.
C. Air filter performance reports.
D. Suppliers warranty.
A. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers, Inc.

(ASHRAE):
52.1.1 - Methods of Testing Air Cleaning Devices Used in General

Ventilation For Removing Particulate Matter
B. American national Standards Institute (ANSI):
ANSI N45.2 - Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Power Plants
900 - UL Standard for Safety Test Performance of Air Filter Units
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 REPLACEMENT FILTER ELEMENTS TO BE FURNISHED
A. To allow temporary use of HVAC systems for testing and in accordance with
Paragraph, TEMPORARY USE OF MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in
Section 15010, provide one complete set of additional (replacement) filter elements.
B. The Consultant will direct whether these additional filters will either be installed as
replacements for dirty units or turned over to the Owner for future use as
replacements.
2.2 EXTENDED SURFACE AIR FILTERS
A. Use factory assembled air filters of the extended surface type with supported or
non-supported cartridges for removal of particulate matter in air conditioning, heating
and ventilating systems. Filter units shall be of the extended surface type fabricated
for disposal when the dust-load limit is reached as indicated by maximum (final)
pressure drop.
B. Filter Classification: UL approved Class 1 or Class 2 conforming to UL Standard 900.
C. Filter Grades, Percent, Nominal Efficiency and Application:

1. Grade A: 90-95 after-filter.
2. Grade B: 80-85 after-filter.
3. Grade C: 50-60 pre-filter.
4. Grade D: 25-30 pre-filter.
D. Filter Media:
1. Grade A, B and C Non-supported (Bag) Type: Construct media of high
density glass fibers or other suitable fibers. Enclose or pocket each pleat in
woven or non-woven backing material. Seal and fasten (stitch) to maintain
pleat shape in a proper frame to insure no air leakage for life of filter. Staples
and stays are prohibited.
Page 2 of 6
2. Grade A, B and C Supported (Rigid Pleated) Type: Media shall be composed

of high density glass fibers or other suitable fibers. Fastening methods used
to maintain pleat shape, (metal backing or aluminum separators) shall be
sealed in a proper enclosing frame to insure no air leakage for life of filter.
Staples and stays are prohibited.
3. Grade D (Pleated) Type: Media shall be composed of synthetic/natural fibers.

A metal grid backing shall be bonded to the air leaving side of the media to
maintain uniform pleat shape and stability for proper air flow and maximum
dust loading. The media frame shall be constructed of high strength moisture
resistant fiber or beverage board. Bond the pleated media pack on all four
edges to insure no air leakage for the life of the filter. Staples and stays are
prohibited.
E. Filter Efficiency and Arrestance: Efficiency and arrestance of filters shall be

determined in accordance with ASHRAE 52.1-92. Atmospheric dust spot efficiency
and synthetic dust weight arrestance shall not be less than the following:
Percentage of Initial Percentage of Average Percentage of

Efficiency Efficiency Average Arrestance
Grade A 75.4 86.4 99.0
Grade B 58.0 79.0 98.0
Grade C 25.0 53.0 97.0
Grade D Less than 20.0 22.0 89.0
F. Maximum initial and final resistance, Pa (inches of water), for each filter cartridge
when operated at 150 m/min (500 feet per minute) face velocity:
Initial Resistance Final Resistance
Grade A (Bag) 130 (0.52) 250 (1.00)
Grade A (Rigid Pleated) 185 (0.74) 250 (l.00)
Grade B (Bag) 100 (0.40) 250 (l.00)
Grade B (Rigid Pleated) 150 (0.60) 250 (l.00)
Grade C (Bag) 70 (0.28) 200 (0.80)
Grade C (Rigid Pleated) 85 (0.35) 200 (0.80)
Grade D (2-inch deep) 80 (0.32) 175 (0.70)
Grade D (4-inch deep) 65 (0.27) 175 (0.70)
G. Dust Holding Capacity: When tested to 250 Pa (l.00-inch water) at 150 m/min (500
fpm) face velocity, the dust holding capacity for each 600 mm by 600 mm (24 inches
Page 3 of 6
by 24 inches) (face area) filter shall be at least the values listed below. For other filter
sizes the dust holding capacity shall be proportionally higher or lower to the face area.
Grade A (Bag) 300 grams
Grade A (Rigid Pleated) 90 grams
Grade B (Bag) 430 grams
Grade B (Rigid Pleated) 175 grams
Grade C (Bag) 910 grams
Grade C (Rigid Pleated) 250 grams
Grade D (2 inch deep) 150 grams
Grade D (4 inch deep) 300 grams
H. Minimum Media Area: The minimum net effective media area in square meter (square
feet) for each 600 mm by 600 mm (24 inches by 24 inches) (face area) filter at 150
m/min (500 fpm) face velocity shall be at least the values listed below. For other filter
sizes the net effective media area shall be proportionally higher or lower.
Grade A (Bag) 8.5 (9l.0)
Grade A (Rigid Pleated) 5.3 (57.0)
Grade B (Bag) 8.5 (9l.0)
Grade B (Rigid Pleated) 5.3 (57.0)
Grade C (Bag) 8.5 (9l.0)
Grade C (Rigid Pleated) 5.3 (57.0)
Grade D (2-inch deep) 1.4 (l4.8)
Grade D (4-inch deep) 2.1 (23.0)
I. Side Servicing Housings (Where Applicable):
1. Minimum 1.6 mm (l6 gage galvanized steel, or aluminum, completely factory

assembled with upstream and downstream flanges for connection into the
duct system. Furnish housing length sufficient to provide for fully extended
operating filter elements.
2. Access doors: Double skin insulated, at each end of the housing with
continuous gasketing on the perimeter and positive locking devices. Design
doors to withstand a minimum positive/negative 1.0 kPa (four inches of water)
static pressure.
Page 4 of 6
3. Filter slide channels: Channels shall incorporate a positive-sealing gasket

material to seal the top and bottom of the filter cartridge frames to prevent
bypass. Provide factory installed gasketing to prevent leakage between
cartridges, and between cartridges and doors.
J. Holding Frame System (Where Applicable):
1. Minimum 1.6 mm (l6 gage) galvanized steel, 100 mm (4 inches) deep, factory
complete with hardware necessary for field assembly, suitable for either
upstream or downstream filter servicing. All members shall be cut to size and
prepunched for easy assembly into modules of the size and capacity noted in
the schedules.
2. The framing members shall be permanently gasketed to prevent the bypass

of unfiltered air. If required, furnish suitable vertical support members to
prevent deflection of horizontal members. The vertical support members shall
not interfere with either the installation or operation of the filters.
3. The framing system shall incorporate a factory installed positive sealing

device for each row of filters. This device shall allow for easy installation and
removal of cartridges and shall insure the seal between the gasketed filter
elements while the building is in operation.
K. Magnehelic Differential Pressure Filter Gages: Nominal 100 mm (four inch) diameter,
zero to 500 Pa (zero to two inch water gage) range, flush mounted in aluminum panel
board, complete with static tips, copper or aluminum tubing, and accessory items to
provide zero adjustment. Provide one gage for each extended surface filter section.
Provide Petcocks for each gauge.
L. Equipment Identification: Section 15050.
3.1 INSTALLATION
Install supports, filters and gages in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
3.2 START-UP AND TEMPORARY USE
A. Clean and vacuum air handling units and plenums to the satisfaction of the Consultant
prior to starting air handling systems.
B. Install or deliver replacement filter units as directed by the Consultant.
END OF SECTION
Page 5 of 6

08 - Mechanical

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

08 - Mechanical

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MECHANICAL

CONSTRUCTION OF A LEVEL 1 HOSPITAL,

1. HVAC Commissioning Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 01815

2. Through Penetration and Fire stopping System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 07841

3. Alternative Equipment and Suppliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15007

4. Mechanical General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15010

5. Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15050

6. Motors, Starters, Control Centers and Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15055

7. Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15071

8. Mechanical Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15080

9. Refrigerant Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15183

11. DX Split System & Window Type AC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15781

12. Ductwork and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15810

13. Metal Ducts and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15815

14. Axial Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15836

15. AirTerminal Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 15840

16. Air Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Section 15861

PART 1 - GENERAL .................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 WORK INCLUDED

A. Meet the requirements of the General Instructions.

C. Appoint a single person as Commissioning Coordinator who shall be

1.3 RELATED WORK

A. Section 15010 – Mechanical General Provisions.

B. Section 15950 – Testing, Adjusting and Balancing.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Comply with CIBSE CODES (Chartered Institution For Building Services

B. The “Employers Representative” may elect to source start-up and handover

1. Principle representative and qualifications

2. Proposed personnel and relevant project experience

3. Previous similar assignments and references

4. Scope of work to be undertaken

5. Company resources and equipment

C. Use of a commissioning specialist shall not relieve Division 15 of the

D. Supply the name, qualifications and experience of the proposed

2.1 SCHEDULES AND COMPLETION OF INSTALLATION OF SYSTEMS

A. Submit to the Consultant, 60 days prior to the scheduled Substantial

1. Installation and testing of Refrigerant Piping systems. Very strict

2. Installation, leak testing and cleaning of duct systems.

3. Control system wiring

5. Electrical service connections

6. Equipment suppliers pre-start checkout of the equipment installations,

7. Start up of various pieces of equipment and systems.

8. Operational testing of system components.

9. Performance testing of equipment and systems.

10. Acceptance testing of equipment installations and system, by

12. Calibration of controls and point checkout

13. Control software set-up and checkout including seasonal and

14. Emergency system checkout

15. Fire alarm and control system interfacing

16. Submittal of completed equipment and system checkout sheets

17. Demonstration of systems and equipment

18. Maintenance manual preparation and submittal

19. Operator training program

20. Record documentation submittal

2.2 RECORD DOCUMENTATION

A. Prepare record documentation for each equipment installation covering:

1. Equipment identification and supplier

2. Shop Drawing submittal, review, production release, and delivery

3. Dates for completion of all work required to prepare for equipment

4. Dates for equipment installation, supplier pre-start checkout and

5. Dates for equipment start-up, performance testing, proposal for

B. Submit proposed record sheets and procedures to Consultant for review,

D. Provide documentation of the commissioning process for inclusion into the

F. Refer to example documentation available from Construction manager's