NS/rk U.S. NAVAL TECHNICAL MISSION TO JAPAN CARE OF FLEET POST OFFICE SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 19 February 1946 CONFIDENTIAL From: Chief, Naval Technical Mission to Japan, To : Chief of Naval Operations. Subject: Target Report ~ Japanese Naval Guns and Mounts, Article 2 - AA Machine Guns and Mounts. Reference: (a)"Intelligence Targets Japan" (DNI) of & Sept. 1945. 1. Subject report, covering parts of Targets O-6(N) and O-u7(N) of Fascicle O-1 of reference (a), is submitted herenith. 2, The investigation of the target and the target report were accomplished by Lt. Comir. R. A. Hay, USNR, and Lt. Condr. Re V. Taborelli, USNR. Cc. G. GRIMES Captain, USNDESLASSHFIED 0-47(N)-2 JAPANESE NAVAL GUNS AND MOUNTS ARTICLE 2 AA MACHINE GUNS AND MOUNTS “INTELLIGENCE TARGETS JAPAN" (DNI) OF 4 SEPT. 1945 FASCICLE O-1, TARGETS O-46(N) AND O-47(N) FEBRUARY 1946 U.S. NAVAL TECHNICAL MISSION TO JAPANDECLAS Sit icd 0-47(N)-2 SUMMARY ORDNANCE TARGETS JAPANESE NAVAL GUNS AND MOUNTS-ARTIOLE 2 ‘AA MACHINE GUNS AND MOUNTS ‘The machine gun armament used by the Japanese Navy on surface craft, submarines, land bases, and for landing forces ranged in caliber from 40mm to 7.Jom, ‘There were n0 guns having exceptionally high cyclic rates or muzzle Velocities. The 25mm Hotehkiss gua was by far the most important of the six service guas deseribed in this report. The 25am gua was employed in single, twin, and triple assemblies on practically every type of vessel, constituting a major part of the defense for air strips. The Japanese rated’ the 25am gun second only to the 10on, Type 98 for anti-aircraft defense and considered It to be only slightly less effective. The installation of 40 triple and 30 single mounts of 25un caliber on the newer battleships and aircraft earriers denonstrates that the Japanese Navy was keeping pace with the other aajor navies in the policy of increasing treaendously the anti-aircraft defense. However, the development of larger, faster firing guns with more accurate con- trol was. practically negligible, 1h spite of the fact that the need was re- cognized as early as 1942. No machine gun mounts were equipped with power drives except some of ‘the 25am gultiple type mounts. All power driven mounts were renote controlled by the Type 95 director and modifications (Shageki Sochi) which is based upon the French "io Pricur" mechanized sight fo! computing: “Fire control of mounts not having power drives was accomplished by the open ring sight and tracer projectiles. 11 siming or control equipment appeared to be deficieat for close range attacka of codern high-speed aircraft. ‘The "Le Prieur" sight was hot calibrated Tor eufficientiy high target speeds; but even if 1t had been, the power drives were of Insufficient capacity to follow. The Japanese had recognized the advantage of instelling aaay light= weight, free-svinging sounts. However, the size of the average Japanese msn was @ Hondleap in the use of this type of mouut. Tho Tapanese had act besa able to design a free swinging count carrying adre thea oae gua, or aa easiiy Controiluble mount in the 25nn size larger thun the triple style. The effec tiveness of a nusber of director-controlied guns was considered superior to that of an equal aumber of manual-oontrolled uounts, either bandwieel or tree swinglag types. 11 machine guns covered by this report ure copies of foreign designs with no radical modifications. The French influeace was predominant as a re- sult of. several Japanese officers having been sent to France, where they studied desigas and production wetuods. The scarcity of iigh quality:meterials and wachine tools prevented satisfactory aass production wethods and the adoption of cew desiyas. For example, the 40am Bofors, which was captured in 1942 and coasidered a de~ Sirable addition to the araement, was aot produced in time to de used in the sar. Also, the few assemblies cdmpleted would not function satisfactorily. 0-4 7(N} 2TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary « List of Enclosures ......6++ List of Illustrations :+ References «..« : Introduction. es ‘The Report Part I. General ........ cp Part 25mm Hotehiiss Gun” and” koant’ +. Part 40mm Bofors Gun and Mount . Part 40mm Vickers Gun and Nount’.. Part 13,2nm Hotchkiss Gun and Moun a Pert 7.7mm Vickers Gun and Mount ..+.sss Cog Part VII. 7.7mm Lewis Gun and Mount 5 Soe LIST OF ENCLOSURES Copy of Intelligence Report No. 34 dated 5 December 1943, Ordnance Intelligence Section Office of the Chier Orda Officer, USASOS, APO 501. Title: ‘*Japanese 25mm AA - AT Gun, Type 96" « Copy of Intelligence Report No. 37 dated 5 January 1944, Ordnance Intelligence Section, Office of the Chief Ordnance Ofricer, USASOS, APO 501. Title: ‘Japanese 25mm Gun Dual Mount” . pond Japanese 25mm multi AA A/TK Gun cooceenod Copy of Intelligence Report No. 11 dated 5 June 19! Ordnance Intelligence Section, Office of the Chief Ordnance Officer, USAFFE, APO 501. ‘TMtle: ‘"Tapanese Vickers Type (cal .303) Aircraft tachine List of Japanese Documents on Naval A& Wachine Guns forwarded to WDC through ATIS ...-++. 0-47(N)-2 ant hestRicteD ;BECLASSiFiEy LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Pigure Figure Figure Figure Figure Hgure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure. Figure ata) ata) 3a) uA) up) 2(3) 3(B) 43) 3(B) 6) Complete Gun Disassembly ...+...4.. Complete Gun Disassembly, Showing Additional Views :2 Plan, Rear and Front Views of the Assembled Gun ldgazine Disassembled, assembled and Carrying Case Front Blevation of Asseably .... Rear Elevation of Assembly ....+ Right Elevation of Nount Less Guns +. Lert Zlevetion of Mount With Guns Disassembly of Elevating Mechaniens . Disassembly of Traversing Kechanisns Disassembly of Equilibrator ....++ Disasseably of Recoil ..+....0+5 Stand Plate and Base of iount . Left Blevation of Hount Less Guna’. ‘ront Elevation of Mount Less Guns ....- Right Slevetion of Mount Stripped seeeeecs Left Zlovation of Mount Showing Elevating Gearing". Rear Elevation of iJount Showing Elevating Worm Gear’. Front Elevation of iount Showing Traversing and Elevating Gearing Bracket v..seeseeeerese Bottom View of Cradle . SOLO Top View of Cradle ....s0s eens Mounting, General Characteristics Uounting, General Characteristios unting, General Characteristics Mounting, General Characteristics Guns, General Characteristics « Guns, General Characteristies ; Kagazine, General Cxeracteristies Magazine, General Characteristics 11... Auxiliery Trigger Zechanisa .., auxiliary Trigger Mechanism ees Interlocking Vechanism, 25um Maiti Ak A Japanese Vickers Tyse Machine Gun Tapanese Type Vickers Muekine Gun 2 -47(N)-20-47(N)-2 Qaerece REFERENCES 2 Location of Target: ‘Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. Kure Naval arsenal. Kemega Kubi Naval Ordnance Proving Ground. URAHASHI SHTMA (near KURE). Japanese Personnel who Assisted in Gathering Documents: omar. (Tech) Jiro TcHTWOI, I7N Japanese Personnel Interviewed: Gapt. (Tech) T. YoKOYAliA, IJN - a specialist in the desiga aad pro- Guction of machine guns and mounts, especially the 25ua, mhioa ne studied in Frence. Capt. (Tech) F. IWASHIMNA, IJN - 9 gun expert in tie Navy Tecanical Department, TOKYO, ia wich capacity ne was largely respoasiole for gun research and the plauning of gun armaient iastallatioas of siisa Gapt. (Teoh) Mi. YASUNALI, IJN ~ a specialist ia auchine guas at gure Naval Arsenal.’ This officer studied wacuine guas in Frances Comdr. (Teoh) J, ICHINGI, IJN- a specialist in anti-aircraft gua mounts and sights.” Capt. (Tech) i. AKINOTO, IJM - an ordnance designer familiar with guas and mounts in genetal. M, KASHIWABARA ~ Asst. Engr. at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. ‘This maa Was reputedly one of the leading Japanese autiorities on the 40am Bofors gun and mount. J, MINATO - a ballistician of 20 years experience ut the Kure Naval Arsenal.DECLASSIFIED 0-47(N)-2 INTRODUCTION The object of this investigation was to cover the history, general characteristics, and employment of all caliber machine guns and mouste used on surface craft, Subasrines, and land bases by the Imperial Japanese Navy. After preliminary investigations disclosed that only two sueh guas were modera enough to warrant study, the others were treated only from a historical and general standpoint. The two modera guns were the 25am Rotehikiss aad the 4oam Bofors, although the latter was so new to the Japanese naval service that tt nover actually received service use. The 25am Hotenkiss was iaveatigated comprehensively because of its widespread use, the high regard ia wilel it was held by ‘the Japanese, and its relative unfamiliarity to the U.S. Navy. The 40nm Bofors was studied trom the standpoint of seeking aay sigaiticaat changes in design from that of American models. In addition to guns and mounts, the asscolated iteas of sights, Power drives, and ammunition supply equipment are included in the resort, The information presented, except that of the U.S. Arsy reports, is based on: (1) interrogation of Japanese designers (naval officers and eivile jaa engineers), (2) examination of seized drawings and pampllets, and (3) a cursory examination of seized eqiipment. In congectioa with the interrogations, a questionnaire prepared by the authors was furnished to the Japanuse fos cas, pletion from meaory, personal notes, and whatever other usans they had at their disposal. ‘The U.S.’Army reports were aade prior to the end of the war and appear to be based solely on examination of captured equinaent. Znformation on the 25mn gua is presented in the questicanaire out- line form, and is supplemented vy U.S. Aray Ordaauce Techaical Lavelligence Reports Nos. 34 and 37 appended hereto as Enclosures (4) and (3), respectively. The Aray reports, received trom tue 525Uth Techaioal Intelligence Coapany, give excellent detailed operating data and instructions for stripping and’ as- Seably. The Army reports are vased oa oxaaiaation of captured laad-base guns and aounts. The equipment was of Navy canufacture and of very sialliar desiea to that used aboard ships. The 25na guns and mounts sect to tie U-S-a. dy NavfechJap will be found to differ slixitly from these described ia the may reports, It originally was intended that the sage iteas of tnforaation re~ quired by the questionnaire would be obtained for all guns. However, because of the uniaportance and obsolescence of guns other than tho 25am Hotcheiss nd 40mm Bofors, = condensed report wili be made for such guns. U.S. ADay Ordnance Technical Intelligence Report Wo. 11, appended iiereto av aadlosuce {D), is tneluded to supplement the report on the 7.7m Vickers gua. ‘The Atay report covers an aireraft gua, but is pertiaent because tue basie design of the AA gua was very siniliar.DEGLASSIKse 3 0-47(N)-2 THE REPORT Part I ~ GENERAL As Development of the Machine Gun Armanent Progran + fotel UG armament of the Navy prior to the time of expeasion started Ltt Onn Vickers type ........ approximately £" vuns 12.7am Viekers type <1... approximately’ 4uv guas 7.7m Vickers type + approximately 700 guns ‘77m Lewis type, ......++ approximately 300 guns ALL of the above were of foreign design and all were of foreign aanutac~ ture, except a few 7.7mm Vickers type guns which were aanufectured in Japah after the Navy bought the license in 1930. 2. Important changes made during the expansion years. a, The 40nm Vickers was declared obsolete and was replac vy the 25nm Hotehkiss. . The 13.2am Hotchkiss replaced the 12.7aa Vickers. &. | Large quantities of 7.7 Lewis guns were iaported but the 7.7am Vickers gun gradually became favored because of its lighter weight, more reliable op-.:tion, and higher oyelic rate. 4. Production of the 40am Bofors was started in 1943 whea a sanple (capture:) was available. War experience showed the seed for a larger, 2, Production difficulties were many and the war eaded prior to its release to service. 3. Produgtion at the start of 1945 25mm mounts (with guns as required) 2100 singles per aonth 200 twins or triples per aoath. 13.2mm aounts (with guns as required) 1200 ‘per month. Questionnaire on Employment of Machine Guns with Answers Supp! fapaniese Personnel tnterrosated: Which machine gun is the most effective as a AA weapon? The 25mm Hotchiciss, because 1t was the largest mohine gun in serv- ice during World War IT, and hed been developed most extensively. What naval gun (not necessa: 4y a Machine gua) was coasidered the best AA weapon ia Yorld War 12? The 65/10cm Type 98 gun. Were any of the AA machine guns, in the suse or similar desi used as alroraft armaaent? The 7.7am Lewis was used as a flexible gun and the 7.7am Vickers as a fixed gun, but both of these were approaching ovsolesceace ¢ airoraft use and were being replaced. The 25am Kotehsiss was perimented with aa sn aircraft gun but abandoned in favor of gun of a difforent type.0-47(N)-2 DESLASSIFIFN ee Pamiciee A Wiere any of the machine guas, ordinarily regarded as the air type, installed in surface efaft and, if so, for wat purpose’ Nor (However, selzed drawings showed two such applications; one being a 20am Gerlikon twin turret on a small speed boat, and the other being u 20am Oerlikon single, frec-swingiag mount vor only Jow angie use, oa a similar type of vessel. Both of these appeared to ve special applications with ao outstanding capadilivies, so tne sudject was not pursued further.) which 44 wachine gun has the most rugged und reliable mechanien? ‘The 25am Hotehkiss wae the most reliable, with the 13.2aa Hotenkiss punning a close second, since it is dasiéally the same, out appar- ently not perfected to’quite the sane degree. Wiieh 48 considered moze effective, a large qunver of single free~ suinging mounts, of ua equal number of guns in wouavs with drives? The latter was aore effective, (The single free-swiaging mouats were less advantageous to the Japanese Navy than to the U.S. Navy decause: (1) the mount design and the saull stature of the wea made the gun more difficult to control, and (2) the Japanese single aouats lacked lead computing sights.) what aeacures were being takea to permit more sustained firing? Little progress aad been made in this direction., Kore attention was being given to sun obvious matters as the training of the crew and locatioa of thé ready ammunition boxes than had formerly ceen the polley, Water cooling systeus were avoided because of the added hanufacturing complications and the maintenance dirficulties. A crude method of cooling, by plucing wet cloths on the barrel, was Sonetines practiced, Quick removal of barrels was recogaized as being desiraole but ‘the designs were not changed to make such action possible. ‘The development of ammunition supply equiyaeat of greater eapacity appeared to be nil. What were the recent tendencies in research and development ia machine guns? (1) Increasing the caliber. (2) Increasing the rate of fire. (3) Standardization of ammunition for anti-airoraft and airerart gans, in order to simplify production. {i) tnereasing the auzzle velocity beyond 900 aeters/sec. (2950 £t/seo.) Part I - 25am HOTCHKISS GUN AND MOUNT History. 1. Origin of design A decision was reached in 1935 to adopt the French Sea Hoteneies machine gun to replace the 40an Vickers gua, which was difficult to manufacture end unsatisfactory for additional reasons. Japaness avai officers and engineers had beea to France in the preceding Years to study its design and production facilities. in order was placed for a few guns and mounte to be made according to Japanese requirenents, specifying a eyolic rate of 160 to 200 shots per miaute, aad a projectile weight of 250 grads. The guas and mounts, msde according to Japanese specifications were known as Type J. 2. Firing trials and beginning of asss production Firiog trials were Rona SEGGRGSEER aval Aivonsl Sa 155+ Shortly thereafter, mass pro- duction was started there.RESTRICTED DELASSiF iE} 2 3 0-47(N)-2 3; _Sulpboard installations Shipooard installations ia queatity were trot aate ta T936, using aiiual delve uke nerate or bana eee ae Japanese aenufacture, 4. Important changes 1a design uade by Japan a. Barrel and Mechanisa. (1) A gun was designed for submarine use, employing aunerous parts of stainless steel. (2) Several parts of the breech mechanisa, including che breech casing or receiver, were changed from forgings co castings. (3) The original flash hider of siaple conical type was ree Placed by the more effective Rueinaetall (German) dvsina. Mount. (1) A power crive for remote control wes devised. (2), Triple and single moun y were designed design for the foruer vas completed in 1941; 4a 1943. (3), Submarine mounts of single, twia, and triple types, were designed and used. 5. Japanese design, production, dad operation experts Wame Ragk Spectalty* Position x, HORT Rear Ada. G Chief of 4G Section of Toyokawa Arsenal at wars end. EATSOTA, Rear adm. M_—- Retired 1944 MAISUO Rear Ada. Gaal p Mavy Techaical Departwent YOKOYAMA Capt. (Tech) GaN - p Navy Technical Department ‘ATSHINA Gapt. (Tech) Gaki = p Navy Technical Departaeat YaSUNAMT Capt. (Tech) GeM - p Kure Naval arsenal NAKAMURA Lt .Comdr.(Tech) Gail - p Yokosuka Naval arseaal SAJI Lt.Condr. (Tech) Gat - 4 Yoxosuka Naval arsenal ‘TKKAWA Asst. Engr. Gadi @ Yokosuka Naval Arsenal KASHIVABRA Asst. Engr. © GAM = d Yokosuka Naval arsenal OIsHT Asst. Engr. Gali - d-Yokosuka Naval Arseaal ‘YosuTzuet Asst. Engr. GaM- 0 Yokosuka Guanery School KATO Asst. Sagr: Ga - 0 Yokosuka Gunnery Sohool *G- guns 4 = design M- mounts 0 ~ operation D.= producer B. Gua Barrel, 1. Type. 2. Total lengen ...... sisses alrecooled + 1500mm (59.1") 3. Total weight sees U3ke (94-816) 9 DECLASSIFIED0-47(N)-2 RESTRICTED “ sin suags EULASSIFIED a. Bore diam, (land to land)-Normal . + 25mm (0.984") Actual veeee itil leet ee. £0.0ham bd. + Pight hand, 1 ia'25 Gals. e. cee) + 12 a. Depth of grooves TIIT"6!Bbaua” (6.6058) fe: Length of rifling <1... $2..°2350mm (53.2") Interaal ballistics a. Muzzle velocity ... ss++ 9000/8 (2950 2t/sec) using a 250 gram (0.5510) projectile dD,’ Bore shape s.-..sseeeee syesgttessenseenee SUPGIERE ©: Designed bore pressures... 27kg/am*’ (17110 long” tons/ine) 4. Charge weight ......+++ 105 to 110 grams (0.23 to 0.2h 1b) 6, Lite of barrel, There was evidently no definite figure of rounds fired or Gauge reading for determining retirement from service. Figures on barrel life ranging from 3000 to 15,000 equivalent service rounds were obteined from various sources. It was’ stated that experimeats had been conducted at MIRE and although poor ilight (tumbling) hed been expested to ecohmence somewhere between 3000 and 6000 rounds (perhaps based on the Freaoh data of 6000 rounds for barrel life), the Japanese estinate was found to de seriously in error. Stable flight was still obtained after over 20,000 rounds of firing. Velocity loss was determined from this experiaent to be 150 a/s (492 ft/soa) at 16,000 equivalent service rounds and 220 a/s (710 ft/sec) at 23,000 equivalent service rounds. In the design and use of sights and alrectors for the 25am gun the fire control section considered 100 m/s (328 ft/sec) as the maxiaun acceptable velocity loss. The only gauge used Tor measuring woar was the star gauge. Thus it appeare that the Japanese did not have a standard policy for re~ placing worn barrels, inasmuch as they lacked a definite criterion for determining barrel lite. 7, onstruction. The barrel proper is a forging, but is aot strictly of moaobloe construction, since the cooling-fin jacket serves the addi- ‘ional function of strengthening the breech end. The chemical conpositia and mechanical properties of the barrel forging steel are as follows. o. see4 045520-70 ee <0.04 St PIII 012720235 <0.04 ua, TEI ot 0265 1276.5-6.8 Yield strength sees + 70K8/am® (99,400 psi) Ultimate strona ‘100 e/a? (542 000psi) Hardness ees 5 340 BEN Teoa lapact value Ss 35 fab Elongation s.esesesecceeee : 312g Contraction 22.02 TEIN 3358 8. Attachment to gun mechaniem, The gun barrel ts oaly sem-readily exchangeable: “MIGEGUgE the barrel is secured to the brecen mechaniaa by serew throads, the gas cylinder connection complicates the renoval and installation. The minimua time for exchange is five miautes. wo aen, spanner wrenches, and a hamuer aro required. 9. Flash hier. A flash hider was fitted on all barrels for the pur~ pose of deoreasiig the flash, blast, and noise. ‘The original sinple Conical type was gradually beiag replaced by the Rheinmetall design whichRESTRICTED -47(N)-2 DEGLASSIFIEn was adopted during the war. The ‘Rheinnet: brake, but its value as such was uvgligible (2 or 3am reduction in recoil). 10. Research projects to increase life. None wera 1a progress at the ond of the war. frevicusly, chrome platiag of the bore had beea tried, but since the results were dot outstanding, the procose was not adopted. ©, External Ballistic. Maximum range ... 7500 meters (8200 yds.) at approx. 50° elevation. Maxiaum ordinate’ ....+ sseeeerees 9500 meters (6020 yas.) Maximum effective range 1 3000 meters (3260 yas.) D. Mechanism, 1. Designation seeesaseeee Type 96 2. Prinotpal of operation 3+ Gharacteriotios + gas A. Cyolic rate: Standard ......ssseseseees 220 shots/ataute Mandmum 2200 200 snote/ataute Maximua 0200 ,2IIIIIIIIIS 260 shots/alaute b. Length of recoil .. SUITS alam i6.33") co: Wetent precers : 72 ke (15910) 42 Method of” cocking’ 22°222222 5 ceeeees Mawel g: Provision for single fire 2202200200001 Provided £1 Provision for changing rate: “by changing the gas contro? valve setting, the rate may be varied between the limits given above. The fourth position is the standard setting. g- Recoil buffer liquid 800 ce (0,63a¢) of equal parts of water and glycerine. he Major stoppages. a, Broken firing pin ...+e. ‘This stoppage was clearea by installing a spare part, and renediea by improving the heat treataent, shape, dnd machining during manufacture. The life was itcreased fron the foruer figure of 250 rounds to 4000 rounds by changing the shape fron a loag thin poiat to nearly conical poiat. Insufficient recoil ......+.. This stoppage was cleared by cleaning, lubricating, aud hand-fitting the operating parts, in the case of subaarine guns, the trousle was never remedied. 5. Safety. a. Devices A safety mechanism locks the cocking lever of the rear box of the casing when tie indication ts on "SAFETY". also, there ia aa interlock aechanisn at the rear ond of tho foed box, which autouati- cally locks the breech bolt avout 2nn rearward of the cocked ;osi- tion when the magazine has been enptied.0-47(N)-2 RESTRICTED wonccee BERLE Freocutions sivvld be taken to allow for Lue possibility or a ruaswey gun.’ inis action was traced to weer which cousus un inproi shez Grothe duterlook mechanism, resulting in firiue being initiated by the shiprins of a new mevazine. 1. ‘Types and designations. Single, twin, and triple mounts were ia Rorvie agae Ge, Bult tf numerous aodels, was the latest; Type 9k and Type 95 were built in France. A table of the various aodels in service follows: Model ‘No. of Guns Use Gontrod 1 Single, twin, | Surface craft —Single is free swinging, & triple and land bases twin and triple have gearing and handwhee? control. Twin & triple Surface craft —« Similiar to Model 1. Single Surface craft «Free swinging. Single, twin, Submarines Same a6 ifodel 1, now- & triple ever, single mount can : be lowered into sub- marines by hand. single Free swinging. Mount cannot be lowered into submarine. Single Free swinging.” Kount can be lowered inte submarine from reaote station oy’ mechanical drive. Twin & triple Submarines Manual gear drive. Single Zand use-on 2 Free swinging. Wheel carriage Single Land use-on 2 ‘Free swinging. wheel carriage Single Torpedo boats ‘Traverse vy body inside ring; eleva- tion by manual gear arive. 2. Gharacteristics. jelght Depression and Tpain Limits elevation Tiatte Single 185 Kg (407 1b) 108 to-+ 859 None Twin 1100 Ke (2420 1b) ~108 to. 850 720° tor idodel 2 Triple 1600 Ke (3960 1b) =10° to+85° None 3. Armor. Amor was not usually supplicd as part of the sount- An dkooptfoa is a Ducol steel* shield furnished on some of the multiple Roasts of YAMATO class battlesnips, but even here the primary purpose fias protection egaiast blast. Splinter shields were provided around some gun mounts as part of the ship. Thucol Steel - approximately equivalent to U.S. High Tensile Steel.RESTRICTED Palas O-41(N)-2 OOTFIED 4. Disposal of sized castsiage casos! “wb special acsas were oroviced. thon the aaes started to pile ape tie ciey ind’ to ansep thea ana, Ejection was a problem at high elevation and stozpages were frequent. 5. Firing area control. @. Firing cut out: In the case uf the power driven uounts, a can abrangenent was used to break the firing circuit. b. Limit stops: Limit stops were used to breuk tne power supply for the driving motors. @. | Cease firing warning: Telephones were provided, aut, proved to be inefreative. Power Drive 2. Designation and_t; ‘The power drive was uot designated separately, bit as part of the Types iacnine Gun Fire Control herasgeasats ane Ward-Leonard system was Used on the aount and received sigaals from the ‘Type 95 director (Shageki Sochi). 2. Gontrol: The methods available were reuote only, or aanual only. 3. Qharaeteristios. a. Maximum rate of train (ell guns firing) - 16°/ secoad. b. Maximum rate of elevation (all guas firiag) ~ 120/ secoac. ©. Quantity of driving motors: 2 separate motors were used; 1 for the elevation drive end 1 for the train drive, but of the same design and rating. a. Rating of driving motors: 1 hp, 220V, 3.6 A, continuous for ao oad, 10 sAnutes for half load, and 3 ainutes for’full load. e. Protection of power drive from water and dirt: The protection was mediocre. This motor was of the splash proof type. The usual methods of moisture exclusion by felt and paper gaskets, waite lead, and grease packing were practiced. G. Amauaition Supply. ‘The auauaition supply equipment was of simple desiga and of snali capec~ ity. Fifteen round magazines were used and uo loadiag wachiaery was provided. Although the eyelic rate was 220 rounds per minute, the suall capacity of the magazine and the frequent exchanges necessary reauced. the augioer of rounas that could be fired in a minute to about 110. H. Sights. The standard sights used consisted of the following: 1. Le Prieur (conmonly call "LPR") mechanical lead couputiag sight. 2. Open ring sight. 3: | Optical ring sight (etened glass}. The Le Prieur sight was used extensively on aultiple mounte, eitner with or without power drives. In the forser case, the Le Prieur sight was standby equipment in case the director failed. Secause of the couplicated construction and the resultant shortage of Le Prieur sighta, the policy duriag tne war was to reserve the aajority of them for shipboard aanual, multiple aounts oa waien. the need was greater. ‘The single open ring type sight was used od Single-47(N)-2 Dre iRestareren ry mounts und all Land base mounts. A few optical ring sights were in service, but were considered unsatisfuctory. I. - Enploynent.. 1. Inventory. ‘The total quantity of 25mm guns aad mounts (all types) hanufsebered by Japan was stated to be 33,000 and 20,000 respectively. 2, ghipboard installations. The uost recent 25mm armament was stated to beer folios Wo. of Assemblies T ‘Type of Ship Nano Triple | Tia | Siucle Battleships | YAMATO and KUSASEX 70 | None | 30 NAGATG and LOTSU 30 | none | 30 Tsu and HYUGU 40 | wore | 30 ‘YAMASHIRO Class, #Us0 Glass, and’ Kongo Class 20 6 30 “Airerait Carriers | SHOKAAU and ZUIKAKU 40 | wone 30 RYUSO Class and Tatataka Glass 20 | woae | 30 E [iret ctass 1s_| sone 16 | secon class az | woae | 0 7 Destroyers 4 * 10 General arrangenont drawings of the uschine gua armasent on vessels fenglag in stze fron first class cruisers to suicide actorbcats are in- B10gee4ia"saclosure (E)- Some of these drawings do not represent the ssc Gfusaent, but they were the most recent available at the tine of writing. 3+ Ground uses a. dermanent ~ Approxiaately 2500 guns in single, twia, and tr! ouats were used in this manner. o. Fortavle - Approaimately 100 guns ia siagle wou twin wounts Rove used in this gunner, The alagle mounts were moved oa tko wheel ages, aad the twin abuits on four wheel vrucks. 4. uwer of men in cron, wad dubies of euch. of sount Mea Duties 1 potater, 1 trainer, 1 sight setter, wad 2 loaders per gua Same aS aoove Tgua layer, 1 loader, end 1 gua captuia’DESLASSIFIED a J. Japanese Appraisal of the Deficiencies of the 25am Asseablies. The deficiencies are listed below in the decreasing order of seriousnes: 1. The multiple mounts cannot be trained and elevated rapidly enough, either by power or manual drive. 2, The sight was inadequate for nigh speed targets. 3. The vibration 1s excessive, causing a loss of accuracy in fire con tron. ks The capacity of the amuuaition supply equipueat 1s too susil, causing interrupted fire and a greatly reduced operating rate. 5. The muzzle blast is heavy, creating the probleu of protection tor Personnel and aaterial. Seized Zautpnent. Four mounts of each of the three types, couplete with guns, were shipped to the U.S.A, from Sasebo Naval Gun Factory, Sasebo Navy Yard, AYUSHU, under the following NavTechJap Equipment Numbers: ‘Type NavTechJap Youipnent No. 25mm, Type 96, Twin AA MO J810-3201-0,1,2,3 25am, Type 96, Triple AA MC TEL0-3202-0/152)3 25mm, Type 96, Single AA MO E10-3203-0;2;2,3, A considerable quantity of ammunition of various types, including » pleatiful supply of the practice type (inert projectiles) for gui testing, also was seized and shipped. Part III - 4Owu BOFURS GUN ako KoUNT A. History. ‘The 40am Sofors gun was adopted by the Japanese Navy after « sauple was made available by the capture of a gun and uouat at SINGAPORE in 1942. Tt was adopted in the sease that drawings were wade, production suurted, aad plaas made for shipboard installations, However, such installatious were aot ef= fected, because operation of the guas had Hot een pertected. Sefore the asseatly was captured In 1942, tne Japanese were interested ia the dofors wun, but had little information about it other thaa that available ia cutalogs. While the Japanese naval officers were studying uachiae guas ia France dart. the 1930's, aa atteapt was made to oxasine the Sofors, but taey neze deaied the privilége. Firing trials were conducted in the spring of 194) ut tne Torigasaki range of the Yokosuka Naval arsenal. Lass productioa (5 to 7 guas per oath) was attained by October 1944. The guas and wounts were out Bt the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal ead at the private civilian plant, Eitaeai Lian~ ufacturing Company, HITACHI. The type of asveubly aanufactured was the Ux. and U.S.A, Aray design, which has « single air-cooled gua ina count having anual élevation and train drives. The aajor changes ia design wade oy the Japanese were: (1) the increase of sarrel longta irom 2100am (65.1") to 2400an (94.57"), and (2) the adoption of the aheinnetall type of flash nider, which proved to’be unsatisfactory. Of the various Japanese persoanel iaver= rogated, iir. M. KASHTWABARA, an assistant engineer at tae Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, was found to be most familiar with the Sofors gun.oe DEOLASSIFIF B. Description. Gun barrel. a. Designation ... e: Total Leagth al. Total weignt <° fe. Rifling cetails ‘Boro disxeter (land sesseees 40mm (1.575") Dedst Seecicc Wunder of” grooves Depth of grooves «.- Length of rifling 2.02 f£. Interual ballistics Muzzle velocity: 900 0/s (2950 ft/sec) using 4 2.22 1b projectile. (600 u/s was obtained perore inoreusiag the ponder charge snd barrel Length). gore shape: straight 2 7 Designed bore pressure: 26 Kg/an® (26.50 long tons /in*) Charge weight: 300 grans (0.605 1b) Japanese powder. (mo powder charge of the captured amsuaition was 280 graas). g. Life of barrel... : BL Construction acadbios oy forging TL Setachaent to nechaaiss ..7..1.2. "Sage us original design 3 tisale attachments: Original fash hider‘was replaced oy Bheinuetall design. 2 3h0Gam" (94.5") 2 160Kg (234° Lb) 2. External bullistics. a. laxiaug range: 10,000 meters (10,900 yards) et approximately 50° elevation. b. Maxiaum ordinate: 6uuv weters (8750 yards) at 90° elevation. . Maximum effective range: 3000 meters (3260 yards). This Yow value is attributable to poor fuze design. \Self-destruction aamuntion was not used. 3. Mechant sa. a. Designation 5 bd. Principle of operation «+11... e. Characteristios Rate of fire ++ Type 5 (year 1943) TI. "Same a3 original ceceessseeeees 120 shots por minute Length of recoil’ +1 * 2Léaa (8.5") GQ. WOMght seececeecseesercecccccccssssseress 356, KG (784 1D) e. Provision for chaagiag rate: recoil buffer vhrottling rod adjustaent allows an adjustment ort10 shots per Ainute from the standard rate. Major stoppages ~ Poor Manufacturing caused improper Seating of rounds and janming of parts. Stershoels Gnd extractors were frequently aisuated. 4. Mount. a. Designation b: Number of guna 1 eo: Drive DLL anual a. Weight’... 1850 kg” (1870 20) e: Depression and eleva Tests =200 tot95®DECLASSIFIED a O-47(N)-2 f. Train limits . g. Armor... none Angunition supply. a. Method b: Capacity, 5 e: Lubrication of aamubition’ ttt pee nol TEI d pounas Uiling “prdeticea to inprove extractioa 6. Sight. ‘The simple open sigut was used. C. Seized Zquipsent. Several 40mm Sofors assemblies of Japanese meaufacture here Seat-to tie U-Sek, under NavTechJap Zquipaent No. J#21-3200. As History. From the time of its adoption in 1925, until it was declared obsolete ia 1935, 4 few sOmm Vickers machine guns wore’ imported from Zngland each year, Th 1935, when the Japanese had decided to replace this 40mm gun with the Hotehis machine gun, there were only about fifty 40mm assemolies instelled a on siips. ‘The total umber of 40as assemblies in use during World War Il was 200. B. Description. ‘The antiquity of the models last used by the Japanese makes a thorough description useless and unnecessary; however, for tke sake of recugaition, « few features (characteristics) are given here. type . ed Over-ali iongti’ 1.11 Total weight Twist - Grooves: Chamber Muzzle velocity Bore vessecsrsee Weight 6? charge’ ++ Expected life -..c.00 Construction Attachment .. seesees Water-cooled Vickers veeee 62 inches oan + 152 Ibs ‘i'dapa’in'20 calibers; rignt pend weve 12 of 0,016" depth TEIN. slight taper 11965 "f15."(2'Lp projectile) sesee Straight 96 en TINT 15 000" ess.re ‘monopioe TIT blast pider 2. Bxternal Liste: a. Maximum range ++.s.s4+ DL. Maximum ordinete’ +... co: Maximum effective range ++ 6200 yards at 50° elev 11 4200 yards at 85° elev Uavesseresees 3300 yards Mechanisa. a. Type. teres Viekers Recoil bd. Length’ Si stetenes weseaesthsGrsa eo. Weight 6 600 ibs a: Rate of 200 spa0-47(N)-2 DROLASSIFIEH sees Vickers design of singles aud twins Mount. ‘Type Weigh’ Single Twin Travel 1inits Train .... Elevation : Working circle (dianeter) ‘Single Twin ss. eee Brake load’ (twin) Controls .. 1455 Lbs 5190 Ibs unlimited IIIs? to-+85° see 126" Han eee IIIT 2200 Tbs Vail aaaual; “aoae wita poser drives 5. Ammunition supply. The rounds were linked into 50-round belts. JeeeaMt ts use ToCromd belts was unsuccessful. Port ¥ - 13.2mm HOTOIKISS GUN aD MOUND f an Ae History. When in 1935 the Japanese Navy had decided to manufacture wachine guas ia order to become independent of foreign countries, the Hotchkiss type of mech~ faisa was most favored by ordusnce personnel. Although tue major problea et the tine was the establishment of facilities for manufacturing the 25am. Hotchkiss, the 13.2am Hotehkiss, which was chosen to replace the obsolete yottnn Vigkers, aiso warranted facilities for its manufacture. The production » of tne 13.2am gua by the guns had to be imported. Suffioient facilities to Tapanese was limited, and t! he maia supply of these The iateation w ; however, to eventually establish nanufacture 411 the 1}.2mm guas to be used by the Navy. At the end of the 1200"per month. war, the production of the 1}.2mm machine guas was B. Description. 1. Gun barrel. + Air-cooled + 39.5" a. Type » AO Over-ali Length’. Total weight eereeeen ena TIIT3.7 ies Twist .. IV bara’ ia'32 calibers, “vert send Grooves terses 8 Of 0,006" depth Ghanber vi..icc ++ tapered Muzzle velocity projectile) Bore ‘straight Bore pressure .. per sq. ine Weight of charge : 15 graas Attachment to cechanism .... 5" Securea to the ‘breech aechanien oy Screw threads for easy installation Gnd reaoval. ‘The gas cylinder connections retard tne papid exchange of barrels. ‘Two men using a hummer and a spanner wrench ean couplete aa exchange in tive uinutes. Flasn hider .. tes eiuple cone teres 0550 yds at 50° eleval 111350 yas at é5° elevatio. 1050 yas Eaxdau., ordinate “axis effective range +0-47(N)-2 ++ Hotchkiss gas-operated tesey 16" ST as5 bs pa (adjustable 425 -"475) seeeesseesseeees Japanese 93 #1 - 470 los #6 - 249 10s #7 ~ 249 Lbs Eee 692 lbs Quaa : Bocugo00007 SIT 2565 Ibs e. ‘Travel liaits ‘Traia Ce Elevation ....02000000000 4. Working circle ‘Single and Twin Quad. oo Ammunition supply. Magazines of a shape siailar to those for the dine helt 30 Pounds each. Part VI - YIGK#S8 7.7mm Gini aiid LOUNT History. ‘Te importation from England of the Vickers 7.7mm auchine gua began in 1925, ‘The few that were bought were inatalled aboard ships. Im 1930 che Japadese Navy bought the license to manufacture the Vickers gua, but produc~ tion was saall. Five years after acquiring the license, the savy ned produced oaly 200 guns; anmunitic: still was being imported. The decision of tue Japanese liavy to produce tus 13.2un Hotohkiss in large quantities releyaved the 7.7am Vickers to the backg.*und along with tue 7.7un Lewis. B. Degoription. The general features are given here primarily as aids in recogniziag this gua. 1. un barrel. a. Type over-all iene: Total weight 5 Twist « calibers, “iait nang Grooves. +5 of O1cG8" desta lets siigae taber 1625"ip projectile) Teeeeee, Sbradsht Weignt of charse 5 TEI 2.0 grass Exteraal ballistics. a, Maximum range sesseseeseseree+ 4400 yards at 509 elevation bd, Maximum ordinate IIIT 3300 yerds av 85° elevatica co: Maximum effective raaze ....+++ set 1OUC yardovert DeviiSsl Mechanisa. @. Rate of fire Nouat. a. Type weeee « Japanese 92, kodel F ‘gripod of adjustable Aeight 12% to 30” be Wetght «-. oe seeeeeee 5723 1D8 e: Travel linits Traia : sees galinited Elevation 1... Vtas? to +659 @. working Cirele (dianeter) "+ ee are: e: drake load £. Control .. Ammunition supply. ‘The rounds were used in 100 round belts. Annan eet Seetosure (D) describes tho Vickers 7.7am aireratt which difrers in many cetails tron the water-cooled gun, but is casically similiar to it. Part VIT = L&NIS 7.7mm GUN AND KOUNT the 77am Lewis sachine gua, first adopted in 1925, wis imported and never we tagturel by the Japanese. In 1935, the Vickers 7.7mm was ooasidered suf— seeteatly better because of its light weight and higher cyclic rate to ve te fictooriye for the Lewis. The plan to replace the Lewis with the Vickers of sueahese manufacture was initiated in 1935, but the supplesestary plaa to jepere Lewis guns was also adopted, The inported Lewis guas were inveused vo deport rey fnGrvages during the orgeaization of facilities for the nanufacture he Lewis gun used by the’ Japanese was aot different frou tue British design, sae ete eto being used by the United States, The insignificance of this Whavin'ell three countries justifies the omission of data deseribing its Gesign and operation.DECLASSIFIED oun ENCLOSURE (A) JAPANESE 25 10 AA-AT GUN, TYEE 96 5 Decenber 1943 Intelligence Report No. 34 Ordnance Intelligence Section Office of the Chief Ordnance Officer, USASOS A.P.O, 501. DISTRIBUTION: Chief of Ordnance, Washington, D.C. W.I.D., W.D, Gen. Starr, Washington, D.c. Thru: Alc. “of 8, 6-2, Gud, SWPA, AP0'500 A.C. of 8, G-2) GHQ, SWPA, aPO’500 O. of 8; G-2, GHQ, SHPA, APO 500 (for: Naval Int. 0., 6/- Commander, 7in Fleet) +0. of'S, G-2, GHG, SHPA, APO 500 (tor ArIS) of S, A-2: Army Air Forces, Washington, D.C. (for’00) "thru: a,c, of 8, 4-2 Firth alt Force of 8, G-2, Sixth Army, APO 442 (for 00) of 5, An2, Fitth Air Poreo, APO 925 (Tor 00) of 8, G2, USAFISPA, APO 502 (tor 00) of 8; G-2, U.S. Amy Forces in the Central Pacific Atea (for 00 and Quarters 702) « of 8, G-2, U.S. Forces, C-B-I, APO 885, N.Y, ifficer, GH, SWPA, APO 500 + of 8,'Go2, First ’Maring Division (for 00) Thru’A.c. of 8, G-2, Sixth Army, APO U2 ©.0. MEIU No.1, ¢/* Fledt Post Ofriée, San Francisco GS intel, GH. South Kast asia Command, New Delhi, India TMT = Ady, LEQ Adv. LHQ for G.8, (Int) LEQ Gis! (Int) adv, THQ for wGo"- Liq Ord: Int. Section, Base Section No. 3. APO 923 A.G. of S, Ge2, USAFFE, APO 50L File - 00d, usisos, APO 501 For your information ané file, ALAN C, JOHNSTON, Major, ‘ord. Dept; , Intelligence oftizer,O-47(N)-8 DERLASS axcvosoee (4), continued TABLE OF CONTENTS Description « General Data .. Nomenclature « Construction . Disassembly and Assembly « operation . Ammunition «+ Japanese Characters Translated Comments sreseeeeeeeees sesaeressesseeereseeeees Photogrephs .- d pocodouoedonodocood RESTRICTED -.DECLASSIFIED ! own. ANCLOSORE (4), continued 1. DESORTPTTON The Japanese 25mm AA~A1 Type 96, Model 2 gun was made in 1942 and bears a vanu= facturer's No. 10423. The nameplate bore the name of Yokosuka Naval Dockyasd and Serial No. Yoko lio. 1169. This gun is an air cooled, magazine fed, gus and blowback operated weapon. It was found dual mounted ‘on an execlientsy con- structed antiairoraft mount.’ Triple mounts are known to exist. Tae recoll of the eu 1s taken up by two hydrospring recoil oylinders mounted on citer side of th» weapon and fixed to the mount. A separate report Will be iasaet ae. seribing the mount, Tis gun was made for naval service, although it was used on a land moiint against airoraft and tanks. ‘This weapon had an excelient parkeriaed finish throughout and was very well constructed. 2, GENERAL DATA 7 E ie Caliber (25mm) Length of barrel’: Length of rifling’; Wo. of lands No. of grooves’ +. Width of lands 112221301 Width of grooves”. 1111 Dianeter across grooves Depth of grooves .. ) Twist of. Tands (uni? ) Twist of lands in degress Talokness of barrel (muzzle end)”27111111 Thdeimess of barrel (breech end) 12! Tube contruction . Length of chanber Length of forcing cond’ 111! Length of neck ... Dioneter of chamber’. .52ss.sssccseeccccce Diameter of chamber tapers to °222222IIIIII u,e6ase™ Weight of tube, cooling fine, gas cylinder attachments ... Diameter of gas port in tube ++ 9.9875" see 59125" 522375" IIT a.cousee ISIE, olooas itaura "per 25.2" + 72230" 2 0.38am" 0.742" Poeosourunr BPEREEREE & BSESESESSI If p ER Inside dianeter at breech end ........ Outside diaueter at breech end’....... Depth of fins at breech end . Inside diameter at muzzle ond’. Outside diameter at muzzle ena ..22020I21I11 Depth of fins at muzzle end +...... Average thickness of fins 550 Average air space between ting’ ..2121111 Number of fins ..... SEISSESEE Gas Port (1) Diameter of gas port from tube (2) Diameter of gus port to gas oylindor (3) Diameter of relier ports in regulator needle 3 0.253" 011530" o.3574 23o-nnnoa DEGLASSIFIED nesrnicreo Auctosone (4), continued (4) Calibration on gas port bracket (nine giving the maximum cyclic rate) 0,1,2,3, 9 Gas cyLinger } Disneter of gas cylinder .. + 1.5625" ) Diaweter of gas cylinder inist"? ) Outside length of gas cylinder | ) ‘Inside depth or gas cylinder ... a (2 (5) (i Overall length of weapon, including flash hider .., seeeeeeee 7 69375" ight of weapon complete. 202. 266 Lbs MOL Of GUN veeeeeeeeeeeecccecseeee TYE 96, Model 2 Date of manutacturs ee +1942 Rate of fire wiseeee : TILT Uaxnowa Weight of magazine . 1y lbs jumber of rounds per magazine’ poecerotes Weight of mugazine carrier empty 11.11! 3126's. Number of magazines in carrier . ee 2 *(Note: Measurenents sorked with an asterisk were taken wita a microueter) HOMRNCLATURZ (Figures 1(A), 2(A) and 4(a)) Rear buffer housing Breech lock, right Rear buffer housing, pin Breech lock’ connec: Rear buffer housing, pin latch Breech lock connecting link pin Rear buffer disos Slide connecting link pin Rear buffer plungers Firing pin Baok plate lock plunger Extractor Back plate lock plunger, spring Extractor spring Back plate lock plunger, pin Magazine receiver casting Back plate Magazine receiver casting cover Sear housing Magazine laten Sear actuating arm Magazine latch assembly mounting pin Soar actuating arm pivot pin Magazine laten Lever Sear operating arm, can Magazine latch lever pin Sear operating arm Wagazine latch lever pin key Sear operating arm can nuts Bolt holding lateh bushing Sear operating am cam washers Bolt holding laten Sear Bolt holding latoh plunger Sear stop pin Bolt holding lateh spring Sear pivot pin Ejector Sear spring Recoil connecting bracket, left Sear operating arm protector Reeoil connecting bracket, right Safety solector latoh with charging handle géar box Driving springs guides Charging handle with nut and washer Driving spring guide pins 53) Charging handle sequent gear Driving springs Charging handle pinion goar Driving spring connectors Charging handle lateh Gas piston slide Charging handle latoh spring Bolt: body Charging handle latoh pin Bolt connecting link pin Gear vox cover bolts (top) Breech lock, lett Gear box cover nutsDESLASSiFtEp on enccasoite (4), continued Gear box cover washers Gas cylinder connector tubing Gear box cover studs (bottom) gaskets Raok drive gear Gas eylinder cover Stud shart Tube Limit lug Tube lock stud Gear box cover Cooling Tins Rak gear and slide Flash nid Rubber cartridge case bumper open sight Rubber cartridge case bumper 3) Open Sight Latch bushing, Receiver Rubber cartridge case buuper pin (85) Gas port bracket Gas regulator } Gas cylinder bracket Gas regulator sleeve ) Hagazine housing Gas regulator sleeve pin ) ammunition follower Gas port cleaning plug ) Folding loaf spring Gas cylinder connector tubing } spring holding plate Gas oylinder connector tubing ) Follover linit laten ‘nuts ) tiagazine cover plate CONSTRUCTION (Figures 1(A), 2(4), 3(A) and 4(A)] a. Tube - The tube proper is of uonobloc construction, tapering from the vreeon to the muzzle ond. It contains nine righthand tapered Acne threads, whieh fix the tube to the recoivor, The thread is 0.1875 inches thick af the piten oirele and has a 0.469 inch diameter locking recess. Dooling fins, cast in sections, are pressed over the tube and ere fixed in place with tapered pins, The fin sections are not uniform in length, i.e. from the breech end the first section contains 14 fins and is 12 inches Jong. The second section has only 4 fins and contains the gas cylinder praoket and is 3.125 inches long. The third section contains 11 fins and is 8.5625 Inches long. The fourth section contains 4 Tins end the gas Pegulator bracket, and is 3.3125 inches long. he firta section contains 2 fine and the front sight mount, and is 2 inches long. The fins taper fn dleucter from a maximm at thé receiver end to a ninium at the muzzle end. The Gianeter across fins at the reociver end is 3.625 inches and {ho diameter between fins at the recelver end is 2.875 inches. at the muzzie end the diameter across Tins is 3.125 inches and the diameter be- {ween fins is 2.375 inches, The average thickness of fins is 0.375 inches and the pitch of the fins is 0.750 inches. ‘he end of the tude is machined to receive the flash hider. Sixteen left hand machine threads fix the flash hider to the barrel. ‘tthe gas cylinder and bracket which are an integral part of the second fin section have an overall Jongth of 5.4375 inches and an inside depth of 5.125 inches, ‘The Giaieter of the gas cylinder is 1.5625 inches and the Qiameter of the gas inlet is 0.235 inches. b. Gas Port and Gas Regulator - The gas port adjustment bracket located Dy Sag Bort and Ges Heguieggnent has.2, 0.153 dich diaseter gas entry Qort, and a 0.235 inch dlancter gas port to'gas cylinder. On the front Br tke gas bracket are detent calibrations marked from 0'to 9, inclusive fn unite of one, A gas regulator assembly, composed of the gas regulator and sleeve pinned together with a tapered pin, screws into the gas regu- jator bracket. ‘The gas regulator is constructed with three 0.157 inoh ianeter relief parts located at 120° of each other and in the needle (seating) end of the gas regulator, and relieves into the 0.4375 inch dis- charge port in the gas regulator. "The relieved gas is discharged toward {he muzele end of the gun, hen a@justing the regulator valve, the maxi- mun gas relief is attained when the arrow on the regulator reads zero, 25ows DECLASSIFIED <= NCLOSURE (4), continued and therefore the lowest cyclic rate. When the arrow on the regulat kmob points to detent nine, the needle valve is seated, and therefo: there is no gas relief. This will result in a maximun’oyolic rate, Re- lief is attained ty the gas escaping through the three relief porta near the regulator neodie base and relieving to atmosphere through the ‘nollow center of the gas regulator. The regulator sleeve knob in knurled. There is a gas port cleaning plug at the base of the gas port bracket. A 9.8 Inch long section of tubing conneots the gas port with the gas cylin~ ce. lash Wider ~ A tapered flash hider 14.125 inches long fixes to the ed of the barrel vy a length of left hand thread. The end diameter of this flash hider is 3.0625 inches, and its effestive length is 12.125 inches. 4, Gas Piston Gover - To the rear of the gas piston bracket, and con nécting to the base of the receiver, is located the gas yiston cover. It ig built of 0.625 inoh steel and is’of stamped and welded construction. e. Receiver - The receiver is of two piece construction, consisting of the vecelver proper, and the bottom and slide. The two, parts interlock with a "I" sliding joint, and are riveted in place at the front end. (1) Bottom and slide - The base of the receiver is dove-tailed con- struction to permit movenent in its mount. Tt contains a 2 inch wide by 13.5 inch long ejection slot located 7 inches back frou the barrel end, Near the rear ond of the ejection slot are two protrud~ ing eyes which mount a rubber bumper, ‘This rubber buuper protects the receiver base from tho bruising offects. of the ejected shell cases. On top of the base are two slides on which the gas piston slide rides, ‘These slides are 0.375 inches wide by 24.625 inches long and extend back from the barrel end to’ the receiver, (2) Receiver prover - The receiver proper is a shaped casting which contains a redess on either side for the driving springs. These recesses are 30.875 inches long, and extend through the length of the receiver housing, It opens to the inside. Outside the right spring of the receiver proper is the operating rack gear slide which is shgped to retain the operating rack gear, Near the top of the inside of the receiver are two bolt slides 23.5625 inches long by 1.03125 inches high by 0.469 inches thick and located on either side of the Tecoiver. They extend forward fron the back plate. On these bolt slides, and 16) inches forward fron the back plate, is located the shaped’breechlock shoes. They are fixed in place by stuas 1.5625 inohes in diameter, These studs are staked and fixed in place by 0.3125 inch tapered dowel pins. Limediately ahesd of the breech lock ghoes is a shaped break in the bolt slide, This break is 1.250 Anohes long at the top and 3.500 inches long at the botton. Integral with the receiver proper and located on either side immediately out- Bide the shoes are two shaped recoil coupling brackets 4.3125 inches long by 2.875 inches high by 0.4375 inches thick. On top of the re. ceiver is an opening 11,875 inches long by 3.50 inches wide, shaped to recelve the magazine latch assembly, ‘Tuiodiately back of the mag- azine lateh assembly opening and on top of the receiver 1s a 1.625 inohes lone by 0.50 inches wide opening shaped to receive the ejector At the top of the receiver are two eyes which retain the 0.1375 inohes pin holding the magazine lateh assembly, One and one half inohes to the roar of the ejector slot and on top of the receiver is a1.125 Inch square slot into vhich fits the magazine bolt release 26bessirieg | “ ENCLOSURE (A), continued latch. Thrée-fourths of an inch to the rear of the magazine bolt re- Lease Latch and on top of the receiver is the shaped trigger safety guide recess and three detent recesses for selective firing positions. On top and to the loft rear of the receiver are located the trigger cam stud, safety lever stud, and the trigger arm stud. Nuts and cotter pins lock the former'and latter in place. At the rear of the receiver is a shaped opening into which fits the ‘ack plate. A 1.0625 inch pin through the side of the receiver holds the back plate in place, ‘The tube end of the receiver is threaded to Feoeive the tube, and a tube lock stud fixes the tube in place. The ejector is a shaped piece in the top rear of the receiver and oper- ates in the ejector recess in the top of the bolt. ‘The overall dimensions of the receiver are 31.125 inches long by 5.875 inches wide by 6.75 inches high; total weight 1s 73 1s. Reoeiver Group (1), Recoi2, connecting bracket - The recoil connecting "I" track is on the olde OF the Tecslver proper. Abtached and braced to the out- side of the bracket is a connecting oye which fits into a 0.8125 inch hole drilled into 1t. The eye accomodates the recoil piston rod con nector pin, ‘The casting 1s 6 Inches long by 2.25 inches wide by 2.75 {mohes high, Tais recoil connecting bracket i8 mounted on the oppo site side of the charging handle. (2) Charging rack gear - The charging rack gear fits into a "!" trackon the Tent Bottom side of the receiver. At the front inside end of the charging rack gear is the gas piston slide engaging lug. The recess on the inside is solely to lighten the piece. The chare- ing rack gear overall dimensions are 17.75 inches long ty 0.75 Imohes wide by 1.313 inches high, and it has 27 teeth. Length of gear is 13.25 inches. (3) Recoil connecting bracket and charging handle gear box: - The hevosT connecting bracket is the sine as one designed above except for being opposite hand and being integral with the charging handle gear box. On the outside of the casting and located at the top center of the recoil connecting bracket is a bracket which accomo- Gates the magazine latch assembly pin. The dimensions of the gear box are 8.50 inches long by 5.375 inches wide by 0.875 inches deep. At the front end of the gear box is a recess 4.875 inches wide by 44.875 inches long by 0.375 imohes deep. ‘This Feces acconodates the pack drive gear and has 27 teeth. Attached to this rack drive gear is a fixed charging handle pinion gear having 12 teeth. These two gears are retained in the gear box by a stud shaft 0.875 inches in Gianeter and 1.563 inches long. A second stud spacer 0,875 inches long by 0.875 inches in diameter seats at the rear center end of the gear box and also linits the movement of the segnent gear. The ne hunale segwent gear has @ square Hole to receive the Square shaft of the charging handle. This sement geer hes 13 teeth wiien mesh vith the charging handle pinion gear. Its sovese: fs limited vy the limit lug, and it rests ou a bress flanced bushing bearing. on top of this gear case ahd assembly sits the gear case cover, which is fixed in place by the spacer studs and is held together by two 0.375 inches sy 0.613 inch counter sunk cap screws, and two 0.375 inch by 1.50 inch’and 1.938 inch countersunk bolts with nuts. a70-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED sesrniciep Brovosnee 1A), continued The charging handle i 17,5 inches long with a hand grip at its end, @ recess at about its center to receive the charging handle plunger fateh, and e square shaft which fits into the hole in the segnent gear.’ Tals handle fits into the rear center hole in the gear case, {S'ne.a in place with a washer and nut, and is locked with a cotter pin. ‘Bolt Group (1) Gas piston slide - The gas piston and gas pist ece that hes an overall longth of 26.25 inches. Jas piston, including piston rod, is 4.5 inches; the diameter of the Sten 18 1.594 inches. The piston is constructed with two 0.5625 Erooves to provide a seal for the gas pressure. ‘he conter of the Gio piston slide hes an ejector slot corresponding with the ejector Govrin the bottom of the receiver. Integral with the slide and aseached to the sides of the gas piston slide are the éviving spring Stops, waich fit into the driving spring reocsses in the sides of {he réceiver. On top of the slide and Located immediately to the fear of the ejection slot is a bolt Limit lug. ‘The opening Just be~ hind the bolt Limit lug serves only to lighten the construction. Immediately behind this opening is a shaped bolt connecting link recess, Turough this section of the gas piston slide is a hole pro- Yided for a 0.4375 imeh pin which fixes the bolt connector link to fhe slide. Th the bottom of the bolt connector Link recess is Tooated the sear engaging insert. The top surface of the gas piston Slide between the bolt limit lug and the firing pin securing bracket Srovides a breech lock camed surface. At the rear of the gas pis- Zon slide is located the firing pin securing bracket. (2) Piping pin - The firing pin is "T" shaped, 7.125 inches long and O-}i2stheles in diancter, and is held in place oy the firing Din securing bracket located dn the top rear end of the gas piston Slide, Tala pin is provided with 4 grooves. (3). Breech lock conneoting Link - The breech look connecting Link 42), Breceh thes tong by Linch wide by 1 inch deep, and contains a ghtening hole in its center. at the vottom end of the link is a 0.831 inoh by 0.409 inch oval hole for the slide-connecting Link pin. A the opposite end of the bolt connecting link is a 0.469 inch hole provided for the breech lock connecting pin. ‘The brecch look con~ Rooting pin 18 3.125 inches long by 0.469 inches in diameter. (4). Breech lock - The breech iock consists of two matched and shaped sections with overall dimensions of 4.25 inches long by 1.75 inches wide by 1-25 inches thiok. Bach piece contains a 0.469 inch hole at Yhe rear for the brecon lock connecting pin. At the front end of {he breech lock section is a 0.406 inch hole provided for a bolt con~ nesting link pin. (5) Bolt - Located on top of the shaped bolt casting is the ejector MoesEHinning the full length of the bolt. Just under the ejector feces is the firing pin guide holo extending through to the face of fhe bolt. At approximately the center of the bolt is the breech Josk connector, through which is a 0.406 inch hole where the breech jock connector pin fixes the bolt to the breech lock. The face of the volt 1s recessed 0.1875 inches at the bottom where the extrector fe located. Behind this extractor is the extractor spring. This Spring has 2.06 inches free length and 0.375 inch diameter coils, constructed from 0.094 inch wire. There are 15 turns, The overall 28DECLASSIFIED a NCLOSURE (A), continued dimensions of the bolt are 6.875 inches long by 3.125 inches wide 3,063 inches in height. ‘The weight of the bolt group is 27.5 lbs h. Driving Spring Assemblies - The driving spring aeseublies consist four springs; two being usel da each side. Those cre souncoted oy a spring connector in the center. The spring connector ia 4 inches long by 0.5625 inches in diameter, with a 0.125 inch wide flange in the center. Each set of springs has 79 and 7} turns, respectively, with free lengths of 23 inches and 21.25 inches. The diaieter of the edil is 0.75 inones and it is constructed fron 0.094 inch wire. 1, Back Plate Group (1) Back plate - The overall dimensions of the back plate, including handles, Is 7.75 inches wide by 6 inches long by 0.4375 inches thick. Near the top of the back plate is a 0.50 inch hole for the back plate Jock plunger. On the front of the piece are two driving spring con neotors to witch are attaclied (with pins) the 14.5 inoh lone driving spring guides. The front side is also provided with two "2" tracks to which is fixed the rear buffer housing. (2) Rear buffer housing ~ Oversll dimensions of the rear buffer housing ave 6.5 Inches Tong by 3.125 inches wise by 5-75 Lnches high, This housing contains the back plate latch (spring and plunger), and 4t is shaped to fit the "I" tracks in the front of the back plate. Near the bottom of the rear buffer housing are two shaped recesses Provided for the two rear buffor guides. Tarough the 1.063 inch hole in the center of the housing, a rear buffer housing pin fixes sane in place, This pin is 4.75 inclies long by 1,063 inches in diameter and contains a spring loaded latch on one end. It holds the rear buffer housing in place in the receiver. A shaped rocess in the back buffer housing acconodates the sear actuating am, A 0.219 inch hole nesr the bottom of the rear buffer housing retains a pivot pin for the sear actuating arm and also acts as a guide pin for the sear nousing. ‘The top of the rear buffer housing is grooved to accomodate the sear actuating arm protector. (3) Rear puffer discs and plungers - The plungers are 3.125 inches long by 0,25 inches In Gimetorwith @ heal ou oae snd. Eleven sees of 4 lenticutar steel washers per set alternate on tuo plunger to provide the buffer action to the bolt assembly on recoil. ‘Tae out~ side diameter of these washers is 0.75 inches with a thickness of 0.031 inches. (4)_ Sear housing - The sear housing is a machine casting whieh re- cesses into the fotton of the rear buffer housing ani hacocs the sear and sear spring asseubly. Near the front end of this casting is a 0.375 inch hole which acconodates the sear pivot pin, ‘There is also "0.25 inch hole through which Tite the sear stop pin, A 0.625 inch by 0.250 inch slot accomodates = sear actuating am pivot pin which acts as a guide for the sear housing. ‘Two rear buffer plunger guides are set in two protruding eyes on tus outside of the sear housing. (5), Sear - The sear is 4.25 inches long by 1 inch wide by 0.688 inches thick, Near the front end it has a 0,156 inches deep engaging notch, a 0,375 inch hole which accomodates the sear pivot pin about which the Sear actuates, and a recess for the sear spring. Tae length of the sear pivot pin is 1.594 inches. The free longth of the 29cows DECLASSIFIED “mc Rwcvosore (4), continued sear spring is 1.875 inches, outside diaucter 0.5 inches, size of wire 0.063 inches, and it has 14 turns. (6) Sear actuating am ~ The soar actuating arm is approximately 6.5 {ones iene by 1 Tash wide and tapers from the sear actuating arm pia hole to the eid, ‘The gear actuating am pin hole is 0,25 inches in ianetor. j. Sear Operating Mechanism (a). Seaz operating arm - The sear opersting arm is a V-shaped piece ih, SSSrEs"Gn tis'Ttee end and a 0,563 inch hole which nounts on {he sear operating am stud, and a 0.313 inch hole which accomodates arpin that attaches the sear operating am to the sear operating arm (2) Seax operating arm eam ~ The sear operating arm cam is a shaped LR SSRESRPRES a 0-563 fmon hole at one ond, and uounts on a sear Bherating am cam stud. ‘The back end of the sear operating arm cam CEtaches to the sear operating atm by a pin which rides in a slotted fiole measuring 0.156 inches wide by 0.75 inches long. k, ‘Trigger Safety Selector Latoh Assembly - The trigger safety latch as- Xs pi gE RESE Sater oeeeeemisautomitie ata and the selector aim. The iso are pinned together at about the center of the seui-automatic ara and the asseably is mounted on the top of the receiver with the semi-automatic is Sha “Ine selector arm is V-shaped with a spring loaded knob at its fede, Taig spring loaded kmob and pin drop into detents in the top ox the Peosiver, giving either safe, or semi-automatic operation. 1. “Magazine Latch Assembly (2) General - The magazine receiver casting has overall dimensions & SPeithes long by 4.25 inches wide by & inches wice at the for Qird’ond, It is shaped to receive the magazine. At the front end We"Gn integral looking lug, and it is shaped at the rear end to re- dSi3e the magazine latoh assembly pin. A cover Tits on top of this Sggusine casting and is held in place by an axis pin. Hinge plates megertot welded to the side of this casting and on top of the cover. Glosed and open positions of the cover are maintained by two leaf springs At the rear of the magazine latch assembly is located the hagazine release mechanism comprising: (a) Magazine iaten Lever ~ The magazine latch lever is held in place by the magazine Latoh lever pin, This magazine latch Tover rests againet the face of the magazine latch. (b) Magazine 1ateh - The magazine latch is a shaped piece tnat (e) ate Fear-of the magazine receiver, its position being deters sping and ned by the magazine bolt holding s, (o) Magazine bolt holding lateh ~ The magazine bolt {0 oe Tere the tear of the wacezine and is held jolding laton bushing, ‘he lever ai tains its p: ressure applied by the sugaaine voll noladi unger, wiich acts agai: the lever. On the botton rear’end is the bolt engaging lus. nt the Tromt end is she loaded plunger ich aolds tue bolt + Shoaging lug down 3 it will engage the Soeonoved fron the gun, Upon assendly of the gun tae 30DECLASSIFIED ; onan Enctosoe® (4), continued magazine latch is held in place by the magazine lucoh assenbly mounting pin, which has an extended lock spring. m, Front Sight - The front sight is of the open type and dovetails into Tio upset Tessted at the top and between the front two cooling fines A spring loaded am fixes the lower end of the sight into a recess in the mount, thus holding the sight fixed in its wount. n, Magazine = The magazine housing is of stempod and welded construc- tion ani Has-tue following dimensions: 17 incnes by 10-5 inches by 9.75 inches in depth. In its sides are four 3.5 inch dieneter insyection holes which also serve to lighten the construction, The magazine housing is press formed from 0.085 inch thick sheet iror. ‘Four lugs are weldec to the sides of the magazine housing to seat the magazine into the mage~ zine receiver. At the feed end of the magazine is located 4 shaped amu nition follower which has attached to one end a magazine foliover Linit latoh. To this shaped ammunition follower is a fixed a folding lear spring. To the other end of the folding leaf spring is attached a spring holding plate which is held in place by the 0,121 inch thick magazine cover plate. A fixing lug in the spring holding plate 1 -ks the cover plate in place. The magazine holds 15 rounds when fillea, and its enpty weight is 1 pounds, o, _ Magazine Carrier = The magazine carrying case is 17.25 inches high, 12.5 Inches wide, and 9.25 Inches deep. It is constructed from 0.042 Andh thick sheet ’motal and lined with 5/16 inch lumber. The carrying case ountains wood separating strips, and has a capacity of two magazines. Two 1.5 inch wide leather strips are riveted to the top to act as aase~ zine protectors A self tishtening lateh locks the cover in place when in a closed position, Two handles are riveted to the Ing case,» The weight of this carrying case (empty) is finten 18 navy grey. 5. DISASSEMBLY AND ASSIGLY (Figures 1(a) and 2(A)) ‘The following disassembly covers the left gun. Sliguu changes sary for the right gun. a, Field Stripping (1) To: renove the back plate (9) and rear buffer housing (1 depress the rear buffer housing pin latc’ (3) to the rigit. drive out the rear buffer housing pin (2). Caution must be used in reuov- ing this pin, as the driving springs are compressed with consider~ able tension against the back plate. {2) Remove back plate (9) to the rear and withdraw with arivi spring guides (23). (3) Pull the charging lever (52) to the rear. (4), x sove the driving springs (25) and driving spring connectors (ay (5) S*ide the bolt group out the rear of the receiver (84).0-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIEB “1 Restricted eyccosuns (A), continued Detailed Disassenbly of Groups (1) Back plate grow a) To renove the back plate (9) frou the year burYer tousing 1), depress the back plate look nlunger (6), and slide the back plate (9) up from the buffer housing (1}. (b) To reuove the driving spring guides (23) from the beck plate (9), drift out the driving spring guide pins (24). (c) To renove the back plate epring (7) and leck vlunger (6), Grive out the back plate lock plinger pin(8). (a), To renove the sear housing (10) and the sear actuati (11), drive out the sear actuating am pivot pin (12) to tert? (e) Slide the sogr housing (10) out to the rear of the rear buffer housing (1). {f}_ Rouove the reer butfor aise (4) and roar butter plangers (g) To reuove the sear assonbly from the sear housing (10), depress the sear (17) and drive out the sear stop pin (18) Gelease the sear (17), and drift out the sear pivot pin (13). Then reuove the sear (17) and the sear spring (20). (n) To remove the sear operating am protector (21) fron the top of the rear buffer housing (1), slide the sear operating arm protector (21) to the rear and’left. (4) To rewove the driving springs (25) from the driving spring Sonnectors (26), slide the springs (25) off the connectors (26). Bolt group {a} To renove the bolt (28) from the gas piston slide (27), Grift out the slide connecting link pin (3/4), raise the conhect- {hg link (32) and the volt (28) from the gas piston slide (27), and slide forward off the firing pin (35). (b) To renove the firing pin (35) from the gas piston slide (27), raise pin up and slide to the left. (o}) To renove the breech lock connecting link (32) from the preech locks (30) and (31), drift out the breech lock connect ing Link pin (33). (a). fo renove the breech lock (30) and (31) from the bolt body (29), aritt out the bolt connecting link pin (29). (e) To reuove the extractor (36) and extractor spring (37), compress the extractor spring (37) located in the bottom of the bolt (20) and pry the spring (37) from its recess. Lift out the sprite (37) and the extractor (36)DECLASSIFIED 0.470 mactosupe (4), conttnuea Receiver group General (a) "0 rexove the magazine latch agseubly, raise Jaton assembly mounting pin spring (41) to’a vert: and pull out. (b) Lit off the magrzine laten asseubly Detailed disassembly of magazine latch _ seubly, (a) Jo remove the magazine lateh lever (42), drift out the magazine latch lever pin (43). (b) Drift out the magazine bolt holding latch bushing (45) to the right, and slide the magazine bolt liolding laten (46) to the rear.’ Pull out the magazine bolt holding Latea plunger (47) and spring (48), and slide the magazine 1ston (/“) out in the forward direction. {c) Reuove the magazine receiver cust ; c.ver (39) by driving out the axis pin. (a) Remove the left recoll connecting b: (50) by ariving upwards. (e) Renove the right recoil connecting bracket uni charging handle gear box (51) by driving upwards. (2). go remove the charging handle (52) from the gear box (51), pull out cotter pin and unscrew the charging lever uolding aut. Renove washer located on the back side of the gear vox (51). Slide out the charging handle (52. (g) Remove the four cover holding bolts (58 and 61) and lift off the gear box cover (65). (nh) Remove the changin’; handle segment gear (53), charging lever pinion gear (54), rack drive gear (62), and also the stud safe (63) and init big (6b). Note: In asseubling these gears, the gear markings wust correspond. (4) Move the rack gear slide (66) to rear recesses in track and lift off receiver (84). (J) To renove the rubber cartridge case bumper (67), renove the rubber cartridge oase bumper cotter vin, withdraw pin (69) Lift off the cartridge case rubber buyer (67) and bushing (635. (x) To renove the ejector (49), drive forvard. (1) To remove the sear operatng arm (14) and sear operating arm cam (13), pull the cotter pins and take off the auts (15) and washers (16). (m) To renove the safety selector latch (22), pull to the safety mark on receiver (8) and pry up. 33O-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED “ "Testnacieo gncrosore (4), continued (5) Miscellaneous group (a) To ronove the gas regulator (70), unscrew counterclockwise to move the sleeve (71) from the gas regulator (70), drift out ‘the gas regulator sleeve pin (72). (b) Unserew the gas port cleaning plug (73). (0) To remove the eas eylinder connector tubing, (74), unserem the couping nuts (75) end remove the gaskets (76). (a) To remove the sight (82), depress the sight latch (83) and tap sideways. (0) To remove the tube (78), remove the tube lock stud (79) and unscrew the tube counterclockwise. (£) Remove flash hider (81) clockwise (1efthand thread). (g) Remove the gas oylinter cover (77). (a) Yo reuove the cooling fins (80), arili out the lock pins and remove the sections. (To assemble this weapon, proceed in the inverse operation) 6. OPBRATTON a. General ~ To operate the gui, place the safety selector latoh in safe position (rea). Retract the charging handle all the way to the rear until the sear engages. Move the charging handle forward to its locked posi- tion. Place léaded magazine in the magazine receiver. Fress the magazine down until the magazine latch engages, and the magazine bolt holding late releases. Wote (1) The bolt does not go forward until the sear is released. (2) In‘the event no magazine is in the magazine receiver, the mag: gine bolt Holding latch must be raised to release the belt. Hove the safety selector latch to the desired automatic or semi-automatic eh (= matic). bd. Gyole of Operation (manual uperation) - As the charging handle is Duictto the Fears the charging handle seguent gear rotates the obarsing handle pinion whic operates the rack drive gear, which in turn operates the rack gear and slide. Tue piston slide engaging lug located on the front end of the slide engages a lug on the gas piston slide. xs the gas piston slide starte to tae rear, 1t operates the breech lock connecting Link. 48 the slide moves to thé roar, unlocking of the breech lock com~ menees at abou: 0,391 inches. At this period the bolt reuains The gas piston clide, moving to the rear, withdraws the firing pin from the face of tis volt} ut about 1.563 inches unlocking is coupleted, and the gas piston and bolt are moving to the rear, compressing the di spring. As the gas piston slide reaches its rear position, the magazine bolt Holding laton, being held dowa by the magazine latoh bolt holding spring and plunger, engages its recess on tie top of tue bolt. At thiDECLASSIFIED 2." O-41(N)-2 wcLosuRE (4), continued time the sear is canmed down and engages the sear engaging lug on the bottom of the gas piston slide. The bolt has moved to the rear 10.84 inches. A loaded magazine is inserted into the magazine receiver casting, and as ‘the magazine is pushed down, it contacts the magazine bolt holding latch compressing the magazine bolt holding latch spring, tuereby releasing the magazine bolt holding latch fron the bolt, and engaging the magazine latch with the magazine. ©. Gomplete Cycle of Operation ~ As the sear operating arm cam roller contetts the sear operating ens can, it forces the sear operating am cam over, operating the sear operating am, The sear operating am being pivoted on the sear operating arm stud, the sear operating ara roller con- tacts the sear actuating arm pivot pin, and moves to the rear. The bottom of the sear actuating arm contacting the rear of the sear fordes the rear end of the sear up and compresses the sear spring. The sear, held in the center by the sear pivot pin, is forced down, reloasing the bolt assembly. As the bolt assenbly is released it is driven forward by the driving springs. The top of the bolt strips a round from the magazine; the bolt proceeds forward with the round held ia the face of tho bolt by the ox- tractor, and chambers the round. When the round is chambered, the forward movement of the bolt stops and the gas piston slide continues forward 1,953 inches, operating the breech lock connecting link, which forces the breech lock up into its recesses in the bolt slides. At the sane tine it Forees the firing pin forvard through the face of the bolt, firing the round. The projectile proceeds through the barrel for about 27 inches where it passes the gas port; the gas enters the port and proceeds through the gas Connector tubing into the gas cylinder, forcing the gas piston and gas piston slide to the rear, As the gas piston slide moves to the rsar approximately 0.391 inches, unlocking commences and the gas piston slide moves rearward.” Unlocking’is completed at about 1.563 inches. The bolt being unlocked, below back pressure aids in recoil of the boli assembly. As the bolt assembly moves to the rear and compresses the the driving springs, at about 9.625 inches the rear end of the cartridge case contacts the ejector, forcing the front end of the cartridge case dows trough the ejection slot in the bottom of the receiver, The bolt and slide assem- biies proceed to the rear, where the gas piston slide strikes the rear “after plungers, compressing the rear buffer discs. This completes one complete oyole. Wote: On semi~sutomatic fire, the sear would again engage the colt assem bly and hold it to the’rear. On automatic fire, the bolt assembly would proceed forward on another cycle of operation. AONTTION a, | munition Carrie: (Figure 4(A)) - The amunition carrier, Figure 4(a), ts painted grey and holds two magazine, Its cover locks with a tightening latch. ‘The carrier is 17.25 inches high by 12.5 inches wide by 9.25 inches deep and contains a handie on either end for carrying. Tae carrier is constructed of wetal With a wood Lining and wood spacer %. Magazines (Figure 4(A)) - The magazines measure approximately 17 inenes in hefght by 10.5 inches in width by 3.25 inches in depth. They have a capacity of 15 tounds and are shaped as a seguent of a circle, They have a very heavy parkerized finish. 35overs DECLASSIFIED _sesiniciep awctosuae (4), continued fount he only types of wa:unttion thus far known tobe. i tits Gun are high explosive and nigh © % eer. sa ed, these rounds are fitted with a plastic nose plug which ¢ ws ine the fuze cavity. hen the aniunition is prepared for use, the nose is renoved (in the field) and the separutely~pac! med into place, These fuzes are of the point-deton: Color Harkings of Projectiles (2), High explosive: Orange body. (2) High oxplosive with tracer: laroon vody; 3ma green band at m ‘me high explosive projectile is loaded with a bursting charge of 13.2 grams of pressed tetryl. Weight with fuze is 243.2 gras. the high expl ‘ive projectile, with tracer, contains an 11.3 gran bursting ch o* the following composition: BMT. alt GTy impure) seeeesseseeesses 65488 Aluminum poo oF sosseseeeersceeensccessers Jhe2P the cavity within tic pojectile is divided into two sections by a metal septun, ‘The low>r suvity, 32mm deep, opens into the cartridge case and contains 9.2 af triour compdsition, analyzed as: Sodium nitrate yeeees ve ssasnenene 15068 Metallic magnosi Barium peroxide Asphaltic material Weight of the projectile, with fuze, is 250.7 grams. fn unusual feature of both projectiles is the fact that they have two rotating bands, the forward band being slightly smaller in a)- ameter than the rear band. The forward band acts also as the bot -:e Yor. It is believed that the purpose of this design is to reduce wear on the lands near the chauiber. ‘The cartridge case is of the rimless type, made of draun brass, 18, dottle-necked, and has a deep extracting Groove at the base. ‘The primer is held by an annular crimp, and the neck of the cartridge base is crimped around the rear rotating band of the projectile. the propelling charge consist of 102 grams of single perforated graphited grains loosely loaded into the case. Grains are 2am in di- ameter, and vary in Length from 2.5nm to 4.5mm. The perforation is O.s5nm in diameter, Analysis of propellant is: Nitroceliulose (graphite coated) Dinitrotoluene « a Centralite (diethyidiphyaiutea) "? ‘The complete round of high explosive ammunition weighs 678.7 high explosive with tracer, 686.2 grams. {Data on anmunition was obtained from Report R-12, prepared by the U.S. Navy Mobile Explosives Investigation Unit No. 1. Chemical ana~ jyses wore performed by tue 42nd Shenical Laboratory Co., APO 923). 36DECLASSIFIED vies outro eucrosoRe (4), continued 8. JAPANESE CHARACTERS TRANSLATED a, Name Plate on Buffer Plate (1) Yoko no, 1169 (2) Yokosuka Naval. Dookyard (3) Lett gun (4) Type 96 25mm tachine Gun (5) woaei 2 : (6) date 1942 (7) Manufacturers No. 10423 Markings on Top of Reoetver (firing regulation) (1) singe (2) Continuous (3) Safety (marked in red) Flash Hider (1) Release Base Fin-Brosch End (2) Retease Bolow Magazine Bracket Mounting Pin (2) Release 9. cours The weapon 1s well constructed, though the machining tolerances axe act close. It has a very heavy parkorized ‘finish throughout ail possesses markings intts cating it was destuned and constructed ror taval services is 12° eala'vo cera Wal end sraple mountings. Any one or eit of she east hued ne ate Hee ated Separately or simultaneously, as each gun functions tndesondently A considerable number of these weapons have been found in this theater, princi- pally on air strips. 10, PHOTOGRAPES a. Complete Gun Disassembly Figure 1(A) >. Complete Gun Disassembly Showing additional Views Figure 2(A) Plan, Rear and Front Views of the Assembled Gun Figure 3(A)0-47(N)-2 OEGLASSIFIED swcvosore (4), continued “OP RESTRICTED 4, Magazine Disassembled, Assembled and Carrying Case Figure 4(A) Photographs were made by U.8. Army Signal Corps Unit, APO 923. Report by Lt. Jack J. Kriz, /3 Glenn E, Peterson, and Sgt. 0. J. Kusni- ereic. ‘igure 104) onvpcere aay orsussawecy0-47(N)-2. BuCLoSURE (4), continued g s0-41(N)-2 DEGLASSit iD + RESTRICTED ‘ENCLOSURE (4), continued Figure 914) PLAN, BEAR AND PRONT VIEWS OF UE ASSSABLED Gah Hare 4) GAP Ise DISASSENHTAD, ASSSMWLEDS AND CARRYING CASEDECLNSSIFIED own ENCLOSURE (B) JAPANESE 25 MOC GUN DUAL MOUNT. 5 January 19b4 Intelligence Report No. 37, Ordnance Intelligence Section, Office of the Chief Ordnance Officer, USASOS, A.P.O, 501 DISTRIBUTION: COPY No: Chief of Ordnance, Washington, D. C. ae M.I.D., W.D. Gen. staff, Washington, D. c. Thru: A, G. of S, G2, Gil, SWPA, APO 500 ee A.G, of 8, G-2,'GHO, sa, APO 500 ALC. of S, G-2, GHQ, SWPA, APO 500 (for Naval Int. 0., C/-Commander, 7th Fleet) AsO. of'S, G=2, GHQ, SWPA, APO 500 (for arts) AsC. of S, An2, army Air forces, Washington, D. Cc. (gor’00) thru: .A.c. of S,’a-2 Fifth Air Forde AsG. Of S, G-2, Sixth Army, APO 442 (for 00) ALG. of S, 4-2, Firth Air Force, APO 925 (for Tech) ALG! of S, G=2, USAFTSPA, APO 562 (For 00) ALC. of S) G-2, U.S, Army Forces in the Central Pacific Atea'(for 00) and Quarters 702) A.C. of S, G-2, U.S. Forces, C-B-I, APO 885, N.Y. AA Orticer, and, SWPA, APO 500 A.C. of S, 'G-2, First Marine Division (for 00) thru’A.c. of S, G-2, Sixth Army APO 442) (.0. MEIU No.1, ¢/"Flest Post officer, San Francisco G.8. Intel. GHe) South Bast Asia Conmala, New Delhi G.8.1,.- Adv. LEG Gis: (Int) adv. Luc for G. s, (Int) Luo G.s. (Int) Ady, LAG for uGo ~ LHG Ord: Int. section, Base Section No. 3, APO 923 File ~ c60, USASOS, APO 501 For your information and file, ALAN C. JOHNSTON Major, ord. Dept., Intelligence officer,onan DECLASSIFIED ‘sNCLOSORE (8), conttnuca TABLE OF CONTENTS Description Deta . Nomenclature . Construction sess... Disassembly and Assembly of Groups .. Operation ..., Comments Photographs 42 RES ST RICTED Page 43 Pege 43 Page 46 Page 51 Page 59 Page 62 Pe ge 62 + Page 62ECtASSIFIED wees O-47(N)-2 ANCLOSIRE (8), conttnued 1. DESCRIPTION ‘mis Japanese 25mm gun dual mount was designed for nevel service. However, 1t was adapted to a ground stand for protection against aircraft, aid as such, 1s principally used around air strips. The mount 1s generally found elevated on ‘@ stand which is set on a flat solid foundation, usuatly a concrete pad. When using open sights as shown in the accompanying photographs, Figures 1(5) and 2(B), et least four men are required to operate this gun assenbly and mount. ‘wo fen load and handle the ammunition, the third handles the traversing mech~ anism, and the fourth operator undoubtedly directs the operations, handles the levating mechanism, and fires the guns with his Toot controls. ‘the fourth operator may, if he’so chooses, also operate the traversing mechanism, A erank and handle is provided for this purpose. ‘Two 25mm AA-AT Type 96, Model 2 gins, described in Ordnance Intelligence Sec- tion Report No. 34 issued by this office, are mounted in a cradle and fixed by pins to four hydro-spring recoil cylinders which are also mounted in the cra- le, ‘The cradle is held in the mount by two trunnions, about which elevating action takes place. A segment gear at the bottom of the carriage fixes the position of the weapons and the cradle in elevation anywhere between limits of = 10 degrees to + &0 degrees. It receives its position fron a worm which in turn receives ita movement from the elevating handwheel through a train of gears end shafts. open sights ere mounted at the end of two arms (right and left) which in turn are attached to the cradJo casting, To the mount proper is attached the gearing and elevating drive, the travers- ing mechanism end drive with its gearing and power transmission, pedestals, firing control and its linkage, seats for the operators, aquilitrators with its linkage, and connections to a remote fire control. ‘The treversing mechanism is motivated from the top of the pedestals throug Series of gears and shafting to @ worm which imparts the movement to the Worn wheel fixed to the mount base, ‘This action traverses the mount through 360°, Firing of the weapons is performed by the gunner, No. 1 man (left side), who also control elevation and may contro) traverse, ‘Tals operation is performed by pressing down on foot pedals which operate through a linkage to the firing mechaniem. Bach pedal individually operates a gun; 1.e,, the left pedal oper~ ates tue left gun and the right pedal operates the right’ eun. ‘The operator's seats are constructed of metal with adjustments provided for ‘the comfort of the operators. Two spring type equilibrators are mounted on the rear of the mount to assist in ease of elevation and depression of the cradle and weapons, Additional gearing on this mount connects to the remote control. 2. DADA a. Recoil system (Figure 8(5)) (2) Recoil cylinder length sssesssseceeees Recoil cylinder diameter s....., 16.936" Heeell lee 20625"one DECLASSIFIED — ANCLOSIRE (B), continued (2) Throttling rod (measurements from threaded head) Length Diameter At head 0.498" Moximn dismeter of 6.375" 0,664" ‘taper ‘Taper 0.250" 0.548" Roa Extension 2,063" O.474" Rod extension to end 0.188" 0.330" Total length from head (3) Plunger rod Length Diameter mt 0.250" 0.398" Threaded section 1.500" 0.782" small @iemeter of rod 11,250" 0.866" Larger dienetor of rod 5.875" 0.955" ‘taper 15030" plunger 0.875" 1.875" overall length 19-750" Diameter of ports in at plunger (located at 90°) 2325" Type of packing seeeeeeeeeres Cotton and flex Recoil fluid specific gravity « Viscosity at 26% qo Litaus Water sese Glycerine 222 Resigns (oriacialiy' is (Chemical analysis by 42nd Chemical Laboratory Co, APO 923). b. Zquilibrator (Figure 7(5)) (1) Equilirator tube length . seeeeees 19650 diameter TEI 225609 HIT 2iiser {3} Henge of onain and attached }ink +. 323175 # 3) Length of plunger rod center line of link pin .... 21.75." (is) Diameter of plunger rod” ++ Tl 02789" (5) spring compressed length’... 12-813"OECMISSIFIED 2° ova NCLOSIRE (8), continued Spring free length .... seeeeee 23.375" spring piton II 0.667" Spring diameter of wire 02319" Length of shoulder sleeve ...++ Sth 42375" Outer diameter shoulder sleeve .. 1250" Inner diameter shoulder sleeve .- 02750" Outer diameter of collar v.ssees 22000" Outer dleneter of neck . a 15375" Length of sleeve . cea 32875" Length of collar +111 aoe) 7188" Length of neck . ut 0313" Outer diameter 61 jaeve > 2.250" Inner diameter of bottom sleeve | 02750" Outer diameter of shoulder y....: 221250 Length of shoulder ... 07563" Length-of sleeve ......+ 3.875 Diameter of relie? ports in‘ collar’: o218a» SRSCESEEREREESESE (Standard calculated weight at 0,283 lbs per cubic inch, ‘Total wolght a 786.0 Ibs.) Gradle (Figures 16(3) and 17(B)) Maximum elevation . + 1425 ails Maximum depression 1.175 mils Cradle casting thicin @.44o" Overall length of cradle +. 39.5" Overall width of cradle weeeties 221.875" Approximate depth of eradis’. tees 10" Wolght of cradle .esesesees 17302 pounas Front Slide Bearings Length es seeeeeeeeeees 6e312" width a Reeeeatietees 2.718" Depth <1... a PIII aiay Rear Slide, Bearings Length Width 4. Depth sittteseer Stand Plate (Figure 9(B)) Wotght ssessesere woes: Worm wnsei outside diameter’? Stand plate diameter .. Number of traversing bali bearings Traversing ball bearing diameter .. Stand plate, approximate thickness Number of worm wheel dowel ping Number of reinforcing ribs .. Reinforeing rib thickness... Rib taper (maximum at pintie} Mumber of drain and vent holes Worm wheel thickness Worm wheel depth . Axis pintle height ss... enn Width of lower and upper bali’races’: cco 45eecon ES O-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED oe “RESTRICTED ENCLOSURE (8), conttaued Depth of lower and upper ball races s.sseeeee. + 0.762" Outside dianeter lower and upper bali'races”; 29.825" Inside diameter lower and uppor ball races ..ss..2. 26.781" Outside diameter, ball rearing cage , 29.825" Number of worm wheel teeth .... 165 Space between ball bearings’... Worm wheel turns per inch D6 Lower radial thrust bearin, of inner race Holding down ring w: e. Carriage (Figures 14(8) and 15(B)) Approximate maximum height ... Maximum width inside cheeks Maxim length cheek base . Cheek front flange width «sss Cheek rear flange width .....0160 Approximete chook thickness .....yccc00 Diameter lower radial bearing seat reoess .. Diameter lower radial bearing seat recess wi Dianeter of carfiage underside flenge « Underside carriage flange thickness vé12" Underside carriage flange width oo 2.5" Dampers mounted at intervals ..., 1°93" dogrecs Carriage underside vent hole dianeter ; 3+ 4.687" Carriage traverse ..esssseeeee eres 366'aegrees Seales Range of traverse in 1 degree units «4... 09 to +1800 Range of traverse in 1 degree units <1... 0° to ~2g00 Total traverse ...... Geeerteee es + 360° Range of elevation in 1 degree units ...++++. -10° to+200 300 +25° to +35? i0¢ ‘Total elevation range sssseee Fixed scale on cradle in 1 degree units Total range . Operating ratios Ele! ion jandorank -- 1 turn equals sesseeseeeeeee 616334 mils Motor coupling -~ 1 turn equals ..crrsesee 51220 mils Traverse Handwheel =~ 1 turn equals ++.ee++ 540009 in Azimuth Motor coupling -- 1 turn equais’<:, 01278° in Azimuth 3 @. Recoil system (Figure 8(B)) (1) Recoil cylinger (5) Recoi2 spring (2) Brass jacketod piston (8) Recoil valve (3) Piston’ roa (7) Recoil valve rod (a (3) ‘Throttling ports Recoil cylinder head 46DECLASSIFIED te oun SNCLOSURE (B), continued (9) Recot2 cylinder head ‘ locking cotter pin t c 1b) Cotton rope packing 2) Bouse, packing eland ) (10) Recoil oylinger f111 plugs (22) Recoit cylinder packing ‘gland nut Recoil connector attach- 12) Leather packing ring meat taper pin 13) Leather packing ring cage b. Equilibrator (Figure 7(5)) Recoil connector attach- ‘neat 18) Equilibrator tube (28) Bese bushing nut 19) Equilibrator tube base (29) Base bushing nut cotter pin (20) Squilivrator tube base (30) Silent link chain ‘drain plug (31) Attachment lug (21) Rquilibrator tube mount- (32) Equilibrator cover ing bracket (33) Zquilibrator cover mount- (22) Bquilibrator tube mount- ing studs ‘ing bracket studs (54) Equilivrator cover mount- (23) Bquilibretor spring ing studs washers (2h) Head bushing (35) Silent chein oover (25) Base bushing (36) Silent chain oover mouns- (26) Equilibrator roa ing screws (27) Base bushing washer ©. ‘Traversing Mechanism (Figures 6(B) and 15(B)) (97) Hanawneel retaining nut (65) Horizontal shert outer (38) Hand whee: ball bearing (39) Right traversing shaft housing (66) Bearine spacer (10) Retaining nut looking screw (67) Horizontal shaft ball (ii) Bearing retaining nut bearing (42) Upper ball bearing (68) mnternal gear eluten (43) Bearing spacer (69) Cluten bevel gear (44) trust pearing (70) Gluten yoke 45) Manual “traversing clutch (71) Yoke spacer (46) Cluten yoke bearing (72) Cluton contro: and shat (47) Bloating jaw 73} Spur gear inner bearing (48) Vertical traversing shaft (7k) Horizontal drive spur get (49) Keys. (75) Lock washer (50) Thrust bearings (76) Horizontal spur rear look (51) Vertical shaft bevel gear Bue, ball bearings (77) cluteh bevel gear thrust (52) Rignt drive bevel gear bearing (53) Lower vertical shaft bali (78) Worm drive assembly ‘pearing (79) traversing worm shart (54) Bevel gear lock washer coupling (55) Bevel Tock nut (80) Traversing worm (36) Horizontal, short housing (81) Traversing worm housing 57) Brake handle (82) Remote control gear bor (58) Brake bolt (83) Remote control gear doz (59) Brake shoes cover (60) Brake spring (84) Remote drive connector (61) Horizontal driven bevel housing gear lock nut (85) Remote control connector (62) Horizontal bevel gear lock (86) Remote control connector washer coupling (63) Horizontal ariven bevel (87) Remote control interns) shaft 001O-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED Sesincre ExcLOsoRS (8), continued Remote drive spur gear (131) Elevating crank shaft Ronote drive spur gear Dearing nut washer (132) Blevating orank shaft Renote drive spur gear Dall bearing ‘look aut Left traversing column Driven spur gear housing Cluteh bevel gear drive Foot rest bracket bolt Gluten bevel gear drive ‘Traversing coluan bolts dearing 36) Left horizental shaft Cluteh bevel gear drive housin; outside bearing Cover plate screws clutch bevel gear thrust Housing cover plate bearing Bracket (azimuth houstr cluten bevel gear drive cover plate ‘look washer Left vertical shaft drive cluteh bevel gear drive gear Jock nut’ Upper vertical shaft Azimuth drive spur goar ball. bearing ‘Azimuth drive shaft outer elevating crank Bearing spacer shaft ball bearing Azimuth drive shaft Elevating crank shart ‘bearing ‘bearing retaining nut Lock washer Left traversing drive Took nut spur gear ) cover ‘traversing drive bearings Azimuth idler gear Bearing spacer Idler gear bearing Look washer Yaler gear bearing fraversing drive shaft spacer look nut Ialer gear lock Vertical traversing arive nut shaft Idler gear retaining Vertical shaft lower cover ‘thrust bearing zdmith worm (152) Vertical shaft lower ‘gdmuth worn. ball bearing roller bearing ‘Azimuth bearing retaining (153) Vertical shart bevel aut ‘drive gear Worm drive spur gear (254) Vertical shart bevel Worm drive gear lock nut gear retaining washer Azimuth shaft connector (155) Bevel gear lock screw Aginuth shaft housing (256) Horizontal bevel gear Shaft bearing retaining lock screw ‘nut (157) Horizontal bevel gear Upper azimuth shaft bali retaining washer bearing. (158) Horizontal shaft bevel Azimuth shaft ‘arive gear Thrust bearing (159) Horizontal shaft thrust Lower Azimuth shaft ball bearing ‘pearing (160) Bearing spacer Azimuth worm gear (161) Horizontal shaft outer Worm goar spacer ball bearing Azimuth shaft look washer (162) Left horizontal travers Azimuth shaft look nut ing sheft ‘Azinuth idler gear cover (263) Horizontal shaft inner plate ball bearing Azimuth shaft lower cover (16s) Left traversing worm plate drive spur gear Agisuth worm outer cover (165) spur gear lock washer plate (166) Spur gear lock aut Elevating crank section 48a (167) (168) (169) (170) am ‘BvcLOsuRe (8) ‘Traversing worm drive assembly ‘Traversing shaft worn ‘coupling Left azinuth ‘spiral drive gear Left aziauth spiral driven gear Left azimuth shaft ball bearing O-47(N)-2 continued (272) azimuth shaft lower bear- ing retaining wesher (273) azimuth shart bearing washer lock sere: (174) Lett azinutn share coupling (175) Coupling retaining washer (176) azimuth gear assenbly Blevating Mechanism (Figures 2(8) end 13(B)) a7) (378) (179) (180) (el) (182) (283) (18) (185) (186) (187) (288) (189) (190) (ag ige| (193) (196) (195) (196) (197) (198 (299 (200) (201) (202) (203) (204) 20 (2883 (207) 208) 209) Elevating gear train housing cover Blevating bell, crank Elevating crank section Elevating crank bearing retaining nut Blevating orank shaft bearing Bearing spacer Elevating crank shaft look washer Blevating crank. shart ‘ook nut Elevating drive spur gear Serew (inside) Retaining washer (inside) Ball bearing (inside) Spur idler gear Outside ball bearing Outside dock nut Tdler spur gear cover plate Worm drive spur gear Worm drive spur gear Look nut. Floating spur gear manuel ‘operation clutch yoke Clutch yoke bolt Clutch handle Worm drive shaft ball bearing Bearing retaining washer Bearing retaining washer ‘lock screw Worm drive shaft outside cover Inside lock screw Inside bearing retaining washer Inside ball bearings Motive idler spur gear Motive idler gear outside bearing Idler gear lock nut Idler gear outside cover 49 (210) Motive arive shaft connector collar (211) Motive drive shart connector (212) Motive drive shart coupling (213) Motive drive inside coupling and shaft (214) Drive shaft ball bearing (215) Motive drive shart gear Lock aut (216) Motive powor driving spur gear (217) Motive power driving spur gear idler (218) Motive drive spur idler lok nut (219) Bevel arive gear ball bearing (220) Drive bevel gear and shate (221) Floating bevel gear (222) Horizontal elevating drive shart (223) Floating bevel gear thrust bearing (22h) Motive gear tox cover (225) Retaining washer 226) Lock screw 227) Horizontal sheft outside cover plate (228) Sliding internal gear eluteh (229) Horizontal shaft inside ‘bearing (230) Horizontal shaft driven ‘spur gear (291) Horizontal shart driven goar washer (232) Horizontal shert driven spur gear nut (233) Motive gear box cover (23i,) Bnd bearing on drive bevel gear and shaft (235) Motive arive shaft outside bearingDECLASSIFIED ‘BNCLOSURE (8), conttnued 0-47(N)-2 fe 6. (236) Motive drive shaft outside thrust bearing (237) Horizontal shaft brake assembly (238) Brake handle Gradle (Figures 16(B) and 17(5)) Brass gear are Gear arc counter sunk studs Gear dowel pins Gear arc bracket Gear aro bracket bolts Left firing linkage arm Right firing linkage arm ) trunnion Depression limit bracket Sight mounting arm Back plate holding pin recess } Slide bearing bolts ) Handle attachment (256) (258) (259) (260) (262) (262) (263) (264) (265) (266) (267) "RESTRICTED Cluten handle and shaft Clute yore Left vertical azimuth shaft cover 1) Front slide bearings Rear slide bearings Recoll mechanism mount Recoil mechanism locking latoh Recoil mechanism Gun counter recoil lintt Tapered locking pin hole Left firing linkage spring Right firing Linkage ‘spring Left firing linkag Right firing linkage cradle Cerriage Front View and Traverse Disassembly (Figure 15(B)) (268) (269) (270) (271) (272) (273) Gm) (275) (276) (277) (278) (279) (280) (281) (282) (283) (281) (285) (286) (287) (288) Fire control mount qailibrator can lock nut ‘Trunnion coller ‘Prunnion bearing seat Right carriage cheek Left carriage cheek Elevating worm drive ‘shaft housing self aligning slipper bearing Elevation indicator shaft housing shaft indicator bevel gear Blevating gear box Elevating worn bracket Renote control gear box bolts Damper cover Damper plunger Denper spring Danper guide end adjusting nut Damper recess Firing pedal mount shaft Firing pedel mount shaft Dearings Traversing worm wheel Carriage Stand Plate (Figure 9(B)) (304) Mounting nole (30§) Worm wheel locking dowels (308) viorm wneel flange (307) Ball bearings (289) (290) (291) (292) (293) (294) (295) (296) (297) (298) (299) (300) carriage stand plate Bearing retaining aut lock sorew and rignt bearing retaining nut ang right thrust bearing bushing and right thrust, ‘bearing and right bearing and rien bearings traversing worn bearing housing Traversing worm drive ‘spur gear ‘Traversing worm drive shaft bearings Traversing worm drive shaft bearings spacer Traversing worm drive coupling ‘Traversing worn, ‘Traversing wora ‘Traversing worm pin Left Lert Lett Left inner spacers Left inner bai? Left lock nu leek Bue Ball bearing cage Bottom bearing Drain holes Lower radial bearing seatYCLOSURE (5), (322) (313) (344) (335) (336) (317) Axis pintle Tower radial thrust bear- ing Upper radial thrust bear- ing ‘Trust bearing assonbly Bearing spacer Base ribs 0-47(N)-8 continued (318) (319) (320) (aa) (322) (323) (2a) carriage vearing race Carriage ribs Carriage race flange Lower redial bearing Ring cover Vent hole Vent hole cover A, Carriage Left Side View (Figures 10(8) and 13(5)) (325) (326) 327) 328) (33 ‘Trunnion collar bolt ‘Trunnion tube plug ‘Trunnion bearing Blevating gear train hous- ing Rear cheek flange Tube line Carriage worm wheel guide bracket ‘Traversing gear mechanisn housing Traversing worm drive ‘washer Traversing worm drive nut Left firing tube shart Lert firing arm 330) 331) (332) (333) (334) (335) (336) (337) (338) Firing assembly nounting bracket Motive drive Inside shart cover Driven shaft cover Left traversing crank ) Equiiibrator Renote control firing ‘linkage Firing Linkege spring Left sea mount Motive elevating gear box Right tiring pedal Left firing pedel Left operator's foot rest Carriage (Right Side Viow)(Figures 3(B) and 12(8)) (340) Housing bracket bolts (341) Conduit outlet cover (342) Traversing gear box hous~ ing (343) worm drive assenbiy out (344) Right firing control cover (345) Traversing worm drive shaft washer (346) Traversing worm drive shaft lock aut (362) Squilibrator cam (348) Right side seat (349) Right operator's foot rest Carriage Front and Rear View (Figures 11(B) end 14(B)) (359) (360) (362) (362) (363) (64) Left operator's seat Right and lert equilibre- ‘tor mounts Right and left lower oqui- ‘ibrater mounts Elevating worn Elevation limit Elevating worm mount bracket screws CONSTRUCTION (365) (366) (367) (368) (369) Duct bracket Elevating worm needle bearing Needle bearing retaining cap Duet gasket Duct cover cap a, Elevating Mechanism (Figures 5(B) and 13(B}) ‘The elevating crank section (130) reclines in the top of the left ing columm housing (133) and rides in ball bearings (181) which a rated by spacer (182), and the asvenbly fixes the elevating crank bear: Tetaining nut (18), "This crank section (130) 48 fixed to tae elevats: deli crank (179) with a screw, Elevating handle (178) fits the coupling and forms the hand grip for the elevating bell 51ec 0-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED: geSrmicten ENcLosnes (8), continued bell crank extends through the elevating gear train housing (177), where it rides ona ball bearing (190) and is fixed with a retainer aut, Ble- vating driving spur gear (185) is attached to the shaft and locked by nut (184) and washer (183), Meshing with the driving spur gear is a driven apur idler gear (189) which rides on bearing (188) thst is fixed by washer (187) and set screw (186) on the inside. On the outside of its trunnions mount the bearing (190), which is fixea by nut (191) cover plate (192), prevents dust ete. from entering this assembly, Elevating drive shaft spur gear (193) receives its movement from idler (189) and in turn transfers the movement to the shaft which carries it to the elevating worm, Worm drive spur gear lock aut (194) fixes the spur gear (193) to shaft, Floating spur gear (195) also rides on the shart, and has fixed to collar on the outside a yoke (196) that is held by the yoke bolt (197) and receives movement from the clutch hendle (198). The assembly rides on bearing (199) which 1s Tixed in place by washer (200), lock screw (201), and enclosed with cover (202). The floating spur gear engages or disongages the samuel operating gear train fron the elevating ‘The motive idler spur gear (206) is supported on the inside by bearing (205) which in turn is looked by retainer washer (204) and screw (203), On the outside it rides on bearing (207) which 1s locked by lock nut (208) and the assembly enclosed by cover (209). Motive! power when used attaches to the outside helf of the coupling (211), which in tun is connected to the inside half of tne coupling (213) through the self-aligning washer (212). These couplings are fixed to the housing by the collar (210), ‘The inner half of the coupling rides in bali bearing (214), and has keyed onto the coupling shaft the motivo power driving pinion gear (216), which 18 looked by nut (215). The driving pinfon (216) meshes with tho motive power 1dler (217), which te in turn Keyed to the drive bovol gear shart (220) and iocked with nuts (218). Tho Devel goer rides on bearing (219) and the devel gear (220) drives the Floating bevel gear (221) that rides on the horizontal elevating suaft (222)."“wounted'on the horizontal shart (222) and between tho floating bevel gear (221) and the motive gear box cover (22h) is thrust Dearing (223). This assembly 1s Tixed by retaining washer (225) and lock sorew (226); Cover plate (227) eneloses the end pf the shaft. On the dnside Of the floating bevel gear (221) 1s the sliding interaai gear oluten (228), the bali bearing (229), and the horizontal shaft spur gear (230), whioh’1s fixed by washer (231) and nut (232), Horizontal shaft spur gear (230) meshes with idler spur gear (206). The horizontal shaft brake assenbly (237) and brake handle (238) may con= trol the rate or lock the entire olevating mechanism, Clutch handle and shaft, (239), clutch shart spacers (240) and clutch yoke and shoes (241) forms the adsembly that gives movement to the sliding internal gear clutch which in turn engages the elevating control to the remote drive, b. Azimuth Gear (Figures 6(B) and 15(3)) The complete traversing mechanism of the Japanese 25mm dual mount may be seen in Figure 6(B), lounted on the vertical traversing shaft (48), waich is housed in the right traversing shaft housing (39), is the hand wheel (38) fixed by handwheel retaining nut (37). The shaft and handwneel being supported near the top of the housing by thrust bearing (44), bearing spacer (43), upper ball bearing (42) and locked by bearing rétaining nut (41) and ‘rotaining nut looking serew (40). ‘Two keys (49) seat in key ways near the lower end of the vertical traversing shaft (48). Over these keys 52DERLASSIFicty ounins ENCLOSURE (8), continued rides the flosting Jaw, which engages in Jaws of the right drive bevel gear (52). The engaging for manual operation by handwheel (38) is accom plished by movanent of the menual traversing clutch assembly (45) and (46), which mounts near the lower end of the right traversing shaft hous- ing.” The shaft and vertical bevel drive goars ride in bearings (50) and (51). Below the right drive bevel gear (52) and on shaft (48) is mounted a bearing (53) and the assembly fixed by washer (54) and nut (55). The right traversing shaft housing end its assembly ie mounted on the horizontal shaft housing (56) by four studs. The horizontal shaft hous— ing contains the traversing brake assembly, comprised of brake handle (37), brake bolt (58), brake shoes (59), and the brake spring (60), In adai- tion, the housing contains the horizontal shart (6) and its assembly. ‘This ’assembly entaile the horizontal driven bevel gear (63) fixed to the shaft by washer (62) end nut (61). The shact is supported by bearings and spacers (65), (66), and (67). ‘The horizontal shaft housing (56) bolts to the remote control gear box (82) by six bolts and the horizontal shaft assembly extends into it, ‘The assembly at the inner end of the horizontel shaft engages with the inter= nal geer clutch (68) which is controlled by the clutch assembly comprised of the eluteh control and snart (72) spacers (71) and cluten yore (70). Bevel gear (69) idles on the shaft when not engaged. Soarings (73) and (7) support the shaft. Horizontal spur gear (74) is locked to the shart by washer (75) and nut’(76), This epur gear meshes with the spur gear on the worm drive assembly (78) and transfers movenent through the right self-aligning coupling (79) to the traversing wora (60). Traversing worn (80) moshes with the worm wheel on the stand plate giving movement in twaverse to the mount. ‘The right side of the mount sustains a remote control gear box (62) which houses the renote gearing. This gear mechanism 19 similar to the elevat~ ing renote control gearing described in the elevating construction pare= graph. The counterpart of this assembly 1s the remote coupling assenbly Consisting of the connector housing (84), outor coupling half (85), solt aligning washer (86), inner coupling and’ shaft (87), shart coupling bear- ings (88), remote spur goar (89), locked with washer (90) and aut (91). ‘the driven spur gear (89) drives idler (92) wnich 19 mounted on the clutch devel gear drive (93). ‘The clutch devel gear drive (93) drives the dutch bevel gear (69). ‘The integral shaft of the clutch bevel gear drive rides iniboarings (91; 95, and 96), and the assenbly is tized vy waener (97) and nut . Abtached to the traversing gear train is the traversing indicator assen~ biyrwhien sakes one complete turn per, 360 degree travol of the aount. This traversing indicator 1s comprised of the Azimuth drive spur gear (99) mounted on shaft (100) which rides on bearings (102) separated by spacer (lol). ‘This shaft assembly 1s locked by washer (103) and mut (104), and Ancloged by end plate (105). Azimuth drive spur gear (99) noshes with Azimuth idler gear (106) and ite integral shart. “This idler shaft (106) rides in bearings (107) separated by spacer (108) and the assembly is Jockea by nut (109), ‘This assembly 1s protected from the weather by cover (110), “Driven by idier gear (106) 1s tie worm drive spur gear (114) whieh Is tiked on worm sheft (111), This shaft rides on bearing (112) which 18 fixed by retaining nut (113) end the assembly fixed by nut (115). Aziguth indicator housing (117) mounts on top of the azimuth worm shaft housing (133) with eight studs. Contained in this housing 48 the azimvth shaft (120) which is supported on the upper end by bearing (119) and Fetaining nut (118), “conneotor coupling (116) 18 screwed and pinned to the top of the azimith indicator shaft, Tho lower end of the azimuta 53ovo DECLASSIFIED =<" AWCIOSIRE (8), continued shaft (120) rides on bearings (121 and 122) and has fixed to it worm wheel (123) and spacer (124), This assombly is fixed by washer (125) and nut (126). Cover plates (127, 128, and 129) enclose their respective assen~ blies: when traversing operations are effected from the left hand side of the mount, a crank handle is mounted upon the square end of left traversing Grive’ (145) which protrudes vertically from the top of the left travers- {ng column housing (133), Tae integral shaft on the left traversing drive (ifs) rides in bearing (146) with spacer (147) and the assembly is rized with washer (148) and nut (149) end the assembly covered by cover plate (340). The left traversing drive spur gear (145) meshes with vertical shaft spur gear (1h1) giving movenent to the vertical traversing drive shaft (150). This eseembly 18 onoased in the loft column housing (133) and is supported at the top by bearing (143) and retainer nut (1L4). The ower end of the vertical rides in bearings (151) and (152) end has bevel, gear (153) attached and fixed with washer (154) and lock screw (155). Yertical shart bevel gear (153) meshes with bevel gear (158) on horizon~ Yel shaft. The horizontal traversing shaft outer end rides on bearings (159 and i61) with spacer (160), This assembly is fixed by washer (157) and lock serew (156). The inner end of the horizontal traversing shart (162) supports tha spiral drive gear (169), the left worm drive spur gear (164), bearing (163); the assembly 1s locked by washer (165) and lock nut (266)+_ “Praversing worm drive spur gear (164) drives tue spur gear on the traversing worm drive assembly (167) which transfers movement through the couplings and the self-allgning washer (168) to the worm (é0) which gives movement to the mount. spiral gear (169) meshes with spiral gear (170) whose integral shaft rides On bearings (171). ‘The bottom assembly is fixed by washer (172) and lock Serew (173). Cover (176) encloses this assembly from the elements. The {op shaft extension rides in bearing (170), and has a fire control washer (175), and coupling (17h) attached. ‘The left foot rest is held to the left traversing column housing (133) by the foot reat bracket bolt (134). es Reeotl system (Figure 8(B)) the recol) system used on the 25un dual mount is of the hydro-spring type B® Tecotl eylinder (1) 1g shaped to lock into the cradle, A brass Jack~ Stet piston (2) is fixed to steel piston red (3) by six set screws ia the ond of the p'ston, Four throttling ports (4) are drilled through the base f thy piston. Recoil valve rod (7), watch is screwed into recoil oylin er had (3) and fixed by recoil cylinder head locking cotter pin (9), functions by movenent in recoil valve (6), which 1s screwed into the end Sr'the piston rod. eco!l spring (5) fits over the piston rod (3) and ts SE EEE Stace by recs! cylinder packing gland nut (1). Leather packing Ting (12)"and leather packing ring cage (13) fits into the inside of the Tees, cylinder packing gland nut. Brass packing gland (15) and cotton Zope packing (14) seal the recoil oylinder packing gland aut end piston Fon tFon lecking when An operation, The recoil conaector attachment (16) Berews onto thevond of the piston rod and is fixed by the recotl canst Stkachmont taper pin (17). ‘The recoi) system 1s filled with its fluid Sediun through the two recoil eylinder f111 plugs (20). a. Equilibrator (Figure 7(B)) the dual mount is equipped with cwo equilibrators of the coil spring type fo facilitate the elevation and depression of the gun mount. The equili- brators are mounted on the rear ame and attached to the cradle tmmioi by means of a silent chain (30, a 1 attachment lug (31). The silent cho‘e 54OEbuA SG iy =. Outro ANCLOSORE (B), continued connects to the oquilibrator rod (26), which naintains the equilibrator spring (23) between tue head bushing {2i,) and the base bushinr (25). four small holes drilled through the base bushing provide equalization of pres- ‘eon either side of the base bushing, and Alco ror drainage of conten sation, surplus ofl, etc. washer (27),’nut (28), and cotter pin (29) fix the assembly. The squilivrator tube (ic) reteing the assembly betwoon the equilibrator tube base (19) and the equilibrator cover (32). in plug (20) screws into the equilivrator tube base. ‘The equillbrator is ate tached to the monnt by equilibrator tube mounting bracket (21), Tour equilitrator tubo mounting studs (22), the mounting plate fixed to the eguilibrator cover, and its studs (33} and washers (34). then mounted, + silent chain cover’(35) is fixed to the head bushing by the three silese chain cover mouating screws (36). + Stand Plate (iigure 9(B)) Te stand plete is a circular casting upon whieh the mount functions and which supports the entire mount essembly, Six mounting holes (30h) lomted near the per!phery of the casting afford means for anchoring. Also ned the edge is a machined flange (306) to which is fixed the brasa traversing worm wheel (288) by eight dowel pins (305), Inediately inside the machined flange is the bottom ball bearing race (309) watch supports the 36. ball bearings (307) and cage (308), Aloo inside the stand plete are eight equaily sooced 0.75 inch drain holes (310) and eight base ribs (327) which taper from” weight of two inches at hub to the base at the rece. Tho hollow hv> 12) 4s integral with the stand plate, providing an init for any euec*ricai leads as well as an air circulating vent. It is 7.062 inohes high und riciined with two diameters to afford bearing surfaces for eT SS ——r—— FE supports the thrust bearing (315), spacer (316), and the upper radial bell Dearing (1) in this sequence, ‘hese latter bearings are mounted efter the mcumt”proyer is installed, and are loo’ed by two spanner head nuts. The dace 0. the mount proper accomodates the top ball bearing race (318), vent (323), vent cover (324), and ring cover (322). ‘The lower radial bes ing receas’(321) is mchinea’to receive the lower radial bearing (3iL). Damper plunger (282) insures a snooth even operation of the mount in trav- Gig}, TS dase Of the mount proper is reinforced with wight carriage ribs G19}. f. Left’ Side view (Figures 10(B) and 13(B)) The left assembly shows the left equilibrator (351), equilibrator silent chain cover (35), and the ean (3h?) which causes tho equiliveater to fucce Hon'property. ine fire consroi ount (266) ani the open sient aoust eee arn (252) are located above the equilibraor mechanisn'es is°shoms ake recoil systems (26). The brass gear arc (243) is shown in the elevated Position. in the position showe aie be: “rank (550) can ceive she eure Fiego in traverse. it may also te instaide “on the sque soptees neat St the ond of the housing, st waien poict it ‘ay'be used for aeeise inncge= vation of the cradle, ‘to lect seat "mount. 334) supports © seat forthe Ho. ltisn wae operates the elevation handwheas and wee say oneeete rae teyersing hend Wacol. “iia fest rest in the: fooe costes (358) ane Shon Hiring, the Left foot depresses the ioft fistne possi (350) wasen eee through the left side firing mechenism (248) so fire the left gun. Depressing of the right pedal (356) will travel through the right firing Linkage and causo the right gun Go tire. the aotive Siovacing seas nevem= bly is assembled in gear box (355). ‘The Lert side elevavion (Figure 13(B)) shows reer flange (329), left lubri- eating line (320), left oquilibrator idler (369), trunnion pearing (3271, bearing cap mounting bolt (325), trunnion tube plug (320), lett firing 55O-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED: RESTRICTED -syCLOSURE' (B), continued linkage (248), and the elevating gear train disassembly housed in the ele- yating gear tfain housing (328), end the traversing gear train mochanisn housed in the traversing gear train housing (332). ‘The elevating gear train consisting of the elevating crank section (179), Slovating drive spur gear (185), spur idlér gear (169), worn drive spur gear (195), floating spur gear (manuel operation) (195), motive operated §aier spar’ gear (206), and the motive gear box shown inside the housing wnloh indicates motive gear box cover (233). The elevating gear train Rousing cover (277) encloses this gear train. Clutch handle (198) selects the drive, 1,0,, wotive or manual, Motive drive inside shart cover (338), and driven shaft cover (339), Sesi their respective assemblies and must be Tenoved before disassenbly oan be effected. Enelosed in the left traversing gear housing (332) is the traversing worm drive spur gear (297) fixed to shaft by washer (333, and nut (33u,). Con~ tained in its cover and attached housing (136) is the left firing tube shaft (335), left firing arm (336), and the firing assembly mounting bracket (337). eg. Front View (Figures 11(B) and 15(3)) In the front elevation (Figure 11(B)) may be seen the four recoil oy?i>- ers (260), two being used with each gun, The right and left silent chains (30) are fixed to the cam and the cams locked in place by the equi- Librator cam lock nut (269). The elevating bell crank (178) and travers- {ng hand wheel (38) provide movement of the mount, A bell crank on left traversing drive shaft (1,5) permits the carriage to be traversed from the left side of the mount. Seat (348) and foot rest (349) are provided for ‘the No. 2 operator who keeps the mount lined up in azimuth, Seat (359) and foot rest (358) are provided for the No, 1 operator and gunner who Keops the mount lined up in elevation with bell crank (178) and fires both guns with foot pedals (356) and (357). Clutch hendle (72) provides chmge From manual to external drive of the mount in azimuth. Brake handle (57) fixed the mount in any desired position. Gear box (83) contains the gears for remote control of the mount in azimuth, Gear box (233) houses the gears for renote control of the mount in elevation, worm housing (81) houses the worm mechanism which traverses the mount. the front elevation (Figure 15(B)) and partial disassembly shows the Teeosses (268) for the fire control mount, the right equilibrator idler (269), trunnion collar (270), trunnion bearing seat (271), right (272) and Jere lz7i) carriage cheeks, Selt-allening slipper bearings (275), clevet- ing inuicator shaft housing (276), and indicator bevel gear (277). The floating ¢ ur gear manual driv. (195) arives through a shaft in elevating worm drive shaft housing (274) to the bevel gears, which in turn drive the elevating worm. The carriage has two dampers; one in assembly under (281), {he othes parts shown are the damper plunger (282), damper spring (283), and damper guide and adjusting nut (28,). This assembly fits in the Gamper recess (285), and 1s covered to prevent dust and rain from entering, The firing pedal motint shaft (286) end its bearings (267) are shom on the outside of the lower left cheek. ‘The wor wheel drive housing and its disassembly 1s shown below the car- Fiege. the left and right traversing worm drive spur gear (297) 1s fixed fo the,worm drive assembly (78), cerrying with it two shaft bearings (298), the shart bearing spacer (299) and the traversing worm drive coupling (300). “tats assembly mounta in thelr recesses in the lower portica of the Fignt'and left cheeks on the carriage. 56ES elena oka Ea lee a DECLASSIFIED O-47(N)-2 BNcLOSoRS (B), continued ‘the traversing worm arive (80) contacts and drives tue trovers.ng wera wheel (288). It. 48 held in the housing by the left traversing wora be ing hoteing (296), left and right inner bal? bearings (295), specers (254), thrust bearings (293), thrust bearing bushin-s (292), and the Usa~ing retaining nuts (291).’ Also fixed to the \orm evar sheft are the left and right traversing worm shaft couplings (79), wi ch eve fixed in plare by washers (301), nuts (302), and taper pinr (303). Sel? aligning coupiing veshers (79) connect tne worm drive assenbly (78) to the worn ce-r und haft (80). hn —-Right Side View (Figures 3(5) and 12(8)) the right elevation view (Figure 12(5)) shore the right cheok of the saint, noun ed on the stand plate (289). Attached to this rignt cheek ie the Tubrieatio: tubing (330) which feeds the ball bearings (307). Seven caz- Piage sora wEsel brackets (331) are mounted about the worm wheel aad f the motnt in olace. ‘Tae firing linkage ( 49) contr is the firing of th Tight gun, The additionel mechanism noted ‘at the cenver of this linkse {s‘used wien firing froa a rengte control. Cover plate (341) covers tae conduit entry when electrically coniccted: ‘The shaft indicator bevel ces (277) connects through « housing which is festened by tuds (340) to an indicator which indicates the elevation of the credle, ‘The travevs: gear box housing (342) Tevains the traversing gear train and she travers- She worm drive coupling (300), assembly comprised bearings (29°), f: ing wora drive shaft spacer (299), traversing worn drive spur ge washer (345) and lock nut (346). "The right firing control rover (34) Seals the bearing against extersal contaninants. ‘The right assembly view. (Figure 3(B)) shows the cradle in the depressed position. ‘The fill plugs (10) are used in charging the recoil cylinders. The open sights are mounted in the recesses (252) and the fire control is mounted on the seguont (268). The left firing linkage (265) is mounted on the oradle (267). The equilibrator rod (26) is shown in the extended position with the silent chain riding over the idler (269) and cam (347)+ Te firing linkage (349) operates the right gun. ‘The azimuth indicator shaft operates inside the azimuth indicator shaft housing (117), complet~ dng one revolution to each revolution of the mount. No. 2 operator sits in seat (348) and uses the foot rests (349). He operates only the trav~ ersing hand wheel (38), and keeps the guns on the target in azimuth. when ‘the mount is operated in azimuth from external source, it operates through the gear train housing (82), at which time the clutch’(72) disconnects the manual by operating gears. i, Rear View (Figure 1,(B)) tthe rear elevation shows the mount on the stand plate (289) with the right and left oheeks and the shaped supports of the elevating mechanism. The Shaped cheeks have reinforcing flanges aocut their edges. On the flanges, fear side, are located upper (360) and Lower (361) equiliprator mounts. At the top of the cheeks are arms with shaped projections. Through the Pecesses (268) in these arms and shaped projections 1s mounted the open Sight arms o” fire control, depending on wich is equipped to mount, Two trunnion beerings (327) fit on top of the cheeks and support the cradle, Between the cheeks, the casting is shaped to support the upper thrust dearings and stand base hub, the elevating mechanism mount, and the worm drive mount, The elevating mechanism assembly shows the following in place: elevation Limit (363), elevating worm (362), self-aligning slipper bearings (275), 57our DECLASSIFIED: nesinito ENCLOSURE (8), conttnued elovacing vorm mount sorews (364), duot brackec (365), elevating worm noe le” bearing (366) and cap (367), shatt hosing (274) and elevation indicator shaft housing. The duct cover (369) and gasket (568) are bolted to the housing over.the hub oase, the idiere (269) carry the oquilibrater silent 1ink chain (30). J. Gradle (Figuras 16(B) and 17(B)) The cradle (267) is a shaped casting approximately 39.5 inches long by 21.875 inches wiue by 10 inches high, and 1s box shaped, It has two open- ings in the bottor which coincide with tho bottom of the gun receivers. ‘Turough these open‘ngs, the empty shell cases are expelled from the gun, The forward end of the cradle has two sight mounting arms (252), approxi- Eately 10 inches long, for the aounting of the sighting atvacussatee a Taper pin throven ness (262) fizeo thevelghtine actachgone tn place? At the roar of the r~adle is the back plate Holding pin recesses 1253) @rilled through eisher side, and through which the gun back plate locking Din te olthor inserted or Psuoved. Algo Figed to tho reesoF he orale tre two handle attachments (225).” A'cfoao bar handle pinned te he sttachaente assists in operecions, ‘The trunnions (250) ave an integral part of the cradle and are shaped to ride in orass and bablitt lined bearings (327). The ends of the trumions are square to receive the equilibrator can (347), which is held in place by a lock nut (269). ‘the elevating segment gear (243) is constructed of brass; end Peripheraliy, with the axis of the trunnion as a center, meas- ures 108 degrees. This elevating segment gear is fixed to the elevating sequent gear eracket (246) by nine dovel pins (245) and ten counter sunk studs (2d). ‘The elevating segnent gear bracket (246) mounts to the bottom of the ora~ @le by twelve bolts (2k7), and is locked with nuts and cotter pins, This bracket is constructed with five girts for strength and light weight pur- poses. ‘The rim of the bracket is machined on either side with the tran- nion axis as a center. ‘wo slipper bearings ride on oach rim and assist an the support of the cradle. Each gun is mounted “in four dovetailed brass bearings (256 and 257) which are fixed to the cradle by four and three countersunk bolts (254), respectively. The front bearings are lerger than the rear dearings, and consequently have the additional holding bolt. ‘The bearings surfacte of these slide bearings are provided with cross jubrication grooves, Integral with, and located at the forvard ond of the cradle, are four recoil mounts’(258), Each recoil mount is machined to fit the recoil. gylinders, When the recoil cylinders are installed, a spring loaded latch (259) locks them in place. Just to the rear of the recoil mounts are the forward gun limit lugs (261). These also are integral with the cradle casting. Polted to the front end of the eradie ts the depression limtt pracket 251). Parts of the firing linkage (265, 266, 248 and 249) are shown attached to “he right and left side of the cfuale: 58DEC uid Sie ey v Hes . 0.42(N)-2 BNCLOSIPE (8), continued 8, Guns Remove the gun holding pin which connects the gun locking lugs to the Yeeoil connector (16) by retracting the recoil piston and connector approximately one quarter inch to the rear, rnd pull the holding connector pin straight upward. The connector pir his a recessed center. Remove the guns by withdrawing to the rear. b, Recoil. Units Remove the recoil connector locking pin and unsorew the recoil attachment onnector (16) from the recoil piston rod (3). Depress the lock laten 259) ‘and rotate the recoil unit (260) one eighth turn. Renove by pulling forward, e. Bqulltbrators Raise the cradle to its maximum elovation. Ease up the tension on tue equilibrator chain guard (35) and the eight bolts which mount the equili- brator to the mount reer flange, Remove the equilibrator assembly unit. 4. grade Adjust the cradle to « level position, and disconnect firing linkage. Remove the trunnion lock nuts (269), runnion cams (347), trunnion cdller dock volts (325), and trunnion vcitérs (218). Lire cradie up and forward off the mount. ‘Traversing Mechanisn (1) General: Remove the seats (346) and seat brackets (354). Dis- Sonnest firiag Linkage (213) fon deft foot rest and peddle” and! Femove the left (358) end richt (349) foot rests. (2) reversing Worm: Unscrow the eight holding bolts and renove the UtavelSinewore-esseabiy' (Si)s ‘Reaoee tuo wore aeae one Teneee and (297) then the worm drive assembly. (3) Lett side: Remove the four bolts (135) from the base of the vartical shaft housing. Remove the crank (350) and the housing assembly slightly and pull off trom the elevating crank (130). Unscrew the crank (130) to the lett. Follow noraa! precedares for further disassembly. Remove the traversing horizontal housing (136) from the carriage (332) and pull outward, Disassemble further in a normal manner. (4) Right side: Remove wheel (38), foot rest (349), and vertical Rouathg"(39] fica housing’ (36) sad Semone the elaten’asseabie feat, Proceed normally with further disassembly. Reuove the azi.uth bracket housing (139) end the remote control rear bor (82).' Proceed with further disasseably of gear assenuiten (56 and 62), f. Blovating }echanism Remove all of the cover plates from tis vartous assemblies on elevating 59one ELASSIFIED ee ANCLOSORE (8), continued gear box cover (177). Remove mounting studs from the elevating gear box Gover and litt off the elevating gear assembly. Remove the bolts trom motive elevating gear box cover (233) and remove gear vox cover. Proceed furtuer with normal disassembly. Remove elevating worm drive housing (274) and indicator housing (276). Proceed normally with further disassembly. g. Stand Plate orr—“—S——s——sSs—sSs——— FT worm wheel guide brackets (331): Remove the two pintle bearing retaining huts (316). Lift the mount off from the stand plate hub (312) and qroceet hormaliy with further disassembly. A, Equilibrator (Figure 7(3)) (1) Renove equilivrator from mount by unscrewing the screw that fixes the attachment lug (31) and the equilibrator mounting studs (22 and 33). (2) Remove silent chain cover by unscrewing three silent chain cover mounting screws (36). (3) Uneerew equilibrator tube base drain plug (20). (4) Unserew equilibrator tube base (19). (5) Withdraw the equilibrator spring assembly and chain from the equilibrator tube. (6) Unscrew equilibrator cover (32) from tubs. (7) Witadrew cotter pin (29) end unscrew aut (28). (Care should be used in removing nut ea there is tension on the spring.) (8) Separate the base bushing (25), equiliorator spring (23), and head bushing (2h) from the assembly. (9). 70 separate the silent chain (30) from the equilitrator rod (26), azire out the pin. Recoil system (Figure &(3)) (1) Remove the recoil connector attachment taper pin (17) and unserew the recoil connector attachment (16). (2) Remove the recoil assenbly from the mount. (3), Unscrew the two recoil cylinder fill plugs (10) and drain the fluid. (4) Unserew the recoil cylinder packing glend nut (11) assembly. (5) Ungerew brasspacking gland (15) and remove the cotten rope pack- fag (1s). 16)+ Renove leather packing cage (13) and leather packing ring (12). (7) Remove the recoil spring (5). 60DECLASSIFIED . evn NCLOSORE (8), continued {8} Uuserew and remove reooit oylinder send (8) and reootl valve od (9) Remove the brass jacketed piston (2° d piston rod (3) from the recoil cylinder, (20) Unscrew the recoil valve (6) fromend © the piston rod. To assemble, proceed in a rove: Assembly: ERATION, 6 ‘Tho Japanese "naval" 25mm dual mount may be traversed 360 degrees witn a maxi- mum elevation of 80 degrees and a maxinum depression of minus 10 degrees, Tt was designed to operate either manually or electrically, end while the electri- eal drives and controls were not available, several statenents may be made con- cerning them. a. Electric operation in Elevation The left operator's seat bracket 1s shaped to receive a motor, and the elevation motive coupling results in « change of elevation of 5.22 mils of the mount. Secondly, a clutch arrangement is provided so that either the sanual oper- ating mechanism or the electric motive operating mechanism nay be alienated from the vlevating mechanisns. Tairdly, cover plates in the sades of the mount casting opening to the hollow hub of the stand plate make electrical wiring connections very fea~ sable b. Electrie Operation in Traverse ‘Tae right operator's seat bracket 1s shaped tc receive a motor, and the traversing coupling and mot.v. dvave gearing are positioned for direct connection through a coupl! g, the .ear half boing in place. ‘The motiv: geering itself 1s designed 0't) .v one complete revolution of the travers. ing motiv> gear drive shaft wili ch'ige the mount 0.278 degrees in azimuth, Secondly, clutch arrangements provided will permit either the manual or the motive drive mechanisms to be disengaged from oparation. ‘Tairaly, cover plates in the sides of the mount casting opening to the hollow hub of the stand plate makes electric wiring connections very fea- sible. ©. Manuel operation in Traverse end Elevation the right operator, or No. 2 Man, sits on the right side of the mount, and upon receipt of the proper target, holds the mount in azimith only on’ that ‘target. his 1s accomplished by Sighting across the open sights which are mounted on en arn protruding from the cradle, and turning the handwheel ‘clockwise or counterclockwise, depending upon the direction of the target. The traversing engaging clutches are on the right side o7 the mount; con~ sequently, the right operator must also govern their position, One con plete revolution of the traversing handwheel moves the mount 5 degrees in azinuth. 61ere DECLASSUFLEDeesncres ENCLOSURE (8), continued The left operator, No. 1 Man, sits on the left side of the mount and main tains the cradle in elevation. One complete turn of his crank changes the Glevation 61,334 mils. He also ts provided with open sights which mount on an arn protruding from the cradle, ‘The left and right sights are col- Vimated to the same target. In addition to the elevating crank, the left operator, No. 2 Mian, may instal) a crank on the square hub protruding from Ghe top of the left’ traversing column housing and operate the mount in azimuth, It 1s likely that he does this when selecting the target, after which the left operator, No. 2 Man, takes over the azimuth controls. In addition to selecting the targets and asintaining the mount in eleva~ Gion, the left operator is provided with foot-pedals which when depressed will’eot through the firing linkage and fire the guns. The pedal provided for the rignt foot fires the right gun and left pedal fires tho left gun. ‘hese guns may be Tired individually or together, as they operate inde- pendently. ‘This Japanese 25nm aual mount is exceptionally well designed and machined. fnti-frietion bearings were freely used in its design and construction. Except Gihere bearing surfaces are in contact, all the machined parts, including shefts and gears, are very heavily parkerized. The casting proper was heavily painted with red tead throughout, and the exposed surfaces had numerous coats of navy gray paint. Upon disassembly, care must be exercised, as sot screws fix all retainer nuts ete. The above construction indicates this mount to be designed for neval use. the only possible objectionable feature to this mount is the elimination of hell cases when the mount fires near the maximum elevation position. 8, PHOTOGRAPHS Figure 1(B)'- Front Zlevation of Assembly Figure 2(B) - Rear Zlevation of Assembly Figure 3(5) - Right Blevation of (fount Less Guns Figure i,(B) - Left Elevation of Nount with Guns Figure §(B) - Disassembly of Zlevating Lechanisms Figure 6(B) - Disassembly of Traversing Mechanisms Figure 7(B) - Disassembly of Zquilibrator 8(B) ~ Disassembly of Recoil 9(3) = Stand Plate and Base of Mount 10(B) = Left Elevation of Hount Less Guns Figure 11(B) - Front Zlevation of Mount Less Guns Figure 12(B) - Right Elevation of Mount Stripped Figure 13(B) - Left Elevation of ount Showing Elevating Gearing Pigure 14(B) - Rear Elevation of Mount Showing Zlevating Worm Gears Figure 15(B) - Front Elevation of Mount Showing Traversing W/echanism and Elevating Gearing Bracket Figure 16(3) ~ Bottom View of Cradle Figure 17(B) ~ Top View of Credle.0-47(N)-2 NCLOSORE (8), continued Fugure 1(8) Plone 2109 [hONP BIEVATION OF ASSEBLT a Bhavan Co AssAabL igure 318) Figure ae) ALGER SLAVAPION GP NOUN L8SS GON seD BLEVArION CF sCHNMS ATTA Besso-srewy.t DECLASSIFIED NCLOSURE (8), continued 6 ee Me ugure 918) DISASSENBLY CP SCBVATIIG MBCAANISNS stgure 61) LISISSENOLY OF TRAVETSING ¥ECHAA TS 64DéCtASSiFED: 0-47(N)-2 NCLOSORE (8), continued ueure 718) DISASSAMBLY a evorL RAO Peers att DISASSRMELY REODIL Plaure S16 STAND PLATE AND BASS CP MOnNT 65ae DECLASSIFIED src=, ANCLOSURE (8), continued steure 1018) LAPP BLAVATTOW OF SGN ISS cOKS leurs 1408) any Scavartoy CP sct¥E 1888 98 66DECKRSSIFIED<* ° oun ANCLOSIRE (8), continued0-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED” encuosone (8), continuedDECLASSIFIED 7DECtASSIFiEy me ENCLOSURE (C) JAPANESE 25 MM MULTI A/A-A/TK GUN 1. MOUNTING - GRIERAL DESCRIPTION “The mounting, provided with a circular base plate drilled for holding down bolts, would be suitable for use either asa land (fixed emplacement) or a naval’mounting, and is of heavy construction designed to accomodate three 25nm machine guns. Blevation is gear driven and operated easily and rapidly by hand crank. A finger controlled clutch and friction brake are provided. Traverse is also gear driven but operated by handwheel and is rather slow and @ifficult to use, a finger controlled clutch and locking clamp being provided. Auxiliary gear is also provided for operating both the elevating end traversing gear by some form of remote control, Firing is accomplished by foot operated pedals, with movement of the pedals jeing transmitted by mechanical means to the trigger mechanism of the guna. he outer pedal fires the two outer guns and the inner pedal the center gua. ALL guns may be fired together by simultaneously depressing both pedals. Provision is mde for firing by renote control. 2, MOUNTING — GENERAL CONSTRUCTION (see Figures 1(¢), 2(c), 3(¢), and a(c)) The base plate is a heavy circular casting and supports the revolving turn= table anda heavy casting. Bolted to the top face of the turntable ere the two side frame castings. cast integral with the lower front end of the left hand side frame is the traversing remote control gear box housing which carries a bracket to wiich is attached the lower end of the elevating colum, the foot rests, and firing pedals. The elevating hend crank is supported on the top end of the coluan and engages at its inner end with the elevating gear box, also cast integral with the left hand side frame, The traversing gear housing, cast integral with the right hend side frame, car~ ries a bracket supporting the traversing column and foot rests. The traversing hand wheel is mounted directly on the top of the column, Bach side frame is provided with a bracket supporting the operators" seat, each seat being adjustable both vertically dnd horizontally. The cradle casting, mounted in trunnion bearings situated on the top of each side frane, carries the three 25nm guns with their recoil cylinders and the sighting gear. ‘The guns slide in dovetailed blocks screwed to the cradle. The recoil cylinder yokes are pinned to eye brackets (one each side of each min body), cylinders themselves being flanged and seated against the vertical front face of the cradle. Hinged to the rear of the cradle is a tubular recoil guard which is held by spring loaded catches. Bolted to the underside of the cradle on the right hend side is the elevating 710-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED BACLOSURE (c), continued ero. This is a casting and has a bronze rim riveted to it in which the worm gear teeth are cut. ‘A sliding tray is provided underneath the cradle, the front end of which has two foliers that run in channel guides screwed to the turntable top. The rear end also has two rollers which ruh in grooves in the outrigger guides bolted on to the rear face of each side frame (seo Figure 1(0)). The function of this tray is to catch and deflect empty shells to the front of the mount. ‘hres deflector plates which serve some what the same purpose are mounted on the elevation drive shaft housing (see Figure 3(c)) between the side frames. Attached near the rear of each side frame are two spring loaded vertical equi- Tibrator plungers, which pase over a pulley, and are connected to a block on the ond of the trunnion which rotates with the cradle, 34 MOUNTING — GENERAL CHARACTERISTIOS (Figures 1(c), 2(¢), 3(¢), and 4(c)) Total weight (including guns) .. 4850 1bs Number of guns per mounting .... Elevation « Traverse ...... Estimated range ‘Types of fire . aad single shot Overall height - fully elevated ‘approx 9" fully depressed’ ....ssseeee+ ApDFOE kt 6" Length - fully elevated ...,.....1+++ approx 8" 6" fully depressed IIIS approx 8" 6" WIAth veeseeeeeeeeeee {approx 7" 4” lbs GUNS = GENERAL CHARACTERISTOS (Figure a. Caliber .. + 25mm Rif ling lo. of grooves wees 12 Width of grooves. ‘approx 1/8" Depth of grooves <.. Spprox 0.0085 Hand . ae weeee Right Rate of fire per barrel ‘Type of operation ...+ ‘Type of breech . a TI Looked Type of cooling ....zs.s+++ Porro ‘Type of cocking gear... fiand' iaver,"pinion’é’ rack Overall, length . eo sere approx 8? (ineluding flash’ eliminator) Total weleht (less magazine) ....sseeeeieeeeeeenny, Zh Ibs Recoil ssessseeeeeeeeeseees TA 3/4" to 5g Hand of gun ssssecececseeseeese iay"be' tight or Lert! Japanese gun... TIN réphica of Hotehiiss 25mm fptfrerence being location of cocking and firing mechanisms, safety catch, and magazine opening cover. MAGAZINE ~ GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Figure 7(<)) a. Type Single row curved box bd. Capacity”: oe se. 15 rounds e. Construction’: HII pressed steelDECLASSIFIED | mn ENCLOSURE (¢), continued 4, Spring .... eocpooo "Ww" typo @. Weight (empty) rere ++ approx 14 3/4 lbs (ula) eee approx 36 lbs + AMMUNITION (Figure 7(0})(Explanation of color markings) a. Plain yellow ...... . HAE, Tracer in pleric base db. Plain chocolate ..iliiclitssececeececee Has in plorde base oe. Plain yellow with green bend.........H.B. tracer (type of explosive unknown) 4, Plain choclolete with green bend.....H.&. (same type of : penne explosive as c.) a. Percussion fuse .......00006 bd. Weight .... seeeeeteiiees approx 1°1b"7 ozs ‘each’ round es Type : pe cesereees vss Rimless UN _AcrION a. Forward ~ When the trigger mechaniem is operated, the sear diseneges from the bent on the underside of the gas piston yoko, thus allowing the breech block assembly to be propelled forward by return spring The face of the breech block carries a round from the mouth of the mag- azine forward into the the chamber, and the breech block comes to a halt. ‘The piston yoke is free to continue forward approxinately 1 5/8" and in doing so locks the breech block in the body by foreing the two hinged locking lugs on the block upwards into recesses in the body. This movement of the piston yoke relative to the breech block also ariv: the point of the firing pin through the front face of the breech block and fires the round. Thus at the instant of firing the breech 13 locked. Dd. Backward - After the round is fired, the breech 1s locked during per= od of maximum chamber pressure, until the shell passes the gas vent. Sone of the propellant gas passes through the vent and etrikes tho head of the piston foreing the piston yoke to the rear, This movement of the yoke relative to the breech block allows the hinged locking lugs to drop down, thus unlocking the breech block. The complete piston and breech block assembly are then forced backwards by the residual propellant gases in the chamber, compressing the return springs, and ex- tracting the empty shell case. "The case is then ejected through an open ing in the bottom of the gun body on striking the ejector. Any excess recoil is taken by the two spring loaded buffers in the re- tainer back plate assembly. ce. Interlock Mechan! (Refer Figure 11(¢)) Whon the magazine is pressed into the magazine housing, its bottom rear siee (4) rides over rasp (B) on spiding blook (0), thus causing the block to compress the spring (D). The end of the magazine 19 provided with « slot (Z) which, wnen the mag- azine 1s pressed right hone, engages with the sliding block and locks sae 7310. ‘The DECLASSHHED gxcrosens ‘c), conttnited mmgazine in the gun. At the samo time its bottom rear edge {A} presses down the end of the lever (F), thus lifting lug (G) clear of the slotte: hole in the top of the breech’ block and allowing the gun to function. As the magazine empties, the platform comes down until finally the bottom of lever (2), whieh pivots on the end of the platform, fouls the front dof the breech block as it cones forward under the pressure of the Foturn springs after the lest round has been fired. This fouling action Sauses the top ond of the lever (H) to force the aliding block to the roar, Seleseing the magazine, end at the sane tino allowing the lever (7) to re~ Set so that the lug (G} engages in the slotted hole in the top face of the breech block. ‘The breech block is, therefore, prevented from travelling forward, and the gun stops in the cosked position. QHANGE LEVER (Location for types of fire) a.\ Safe: Engage spring loaded plunger in hole nearest rear end of gun. (See Figure 10(¢)) b. Automate: Engage plunger in the center hole in body. (see Figure 9(C)) e+ Single Shot: Engage plunger in hole nearest muzzle end of gun. AUXILIARY TRIGGER MECHANISN (Figures 9(c) & 10(0) with cover removed) auxiliary trigger mechanism is screwed to the cradle adjacent to the trigger mechanism on the gun, and consists of a hinged plunger (A), sliding bloek with ramp (B), crank and roller (Cc), and return spring (D). The mechanism is made either right or left hand to suit hand of gun. a. When change lever (E) is placed on safety (Figure 10(0) , the lower arm tz) pushes over the hinged plunger (A) so that its end (G) does not engage with the sliding block (8) when firing pedal is depressed. ‘At the seme time @ lug (J) on the lower arm (F) on the safety lever locks against the hinged firing lever (H) on the gun itself. Therefore, the firing pedal can be depressed without operating the gun firing mechanism. bs, When the change lever is placed on automatic (Figure 9(¢), the end of its lower arm (F) clears the hinged plunger (A), presses against the end of the sliding blool (B), causing the roller to ride up the ramp and push the hinged lever (H) on the gun over to the right, taking the ond of the crank (2) with it, The other end of the crank (K} depresses the trigger, Feleasing the sear. Firing continues until the foot pedal is released. When the change lever (E) 1s placed on single shot, the top arm of the ever pushes the'hinged striker arm (L) out to the side of the gun. When the trigger mechanism functions as already described above, the gun fire: However, upon recoil, the ond of the striker arm (1) trips the hinged Bluneer' (A) out of etgagement with the aliding block ()) allowing the Bifding blook to return under pressure of return spring (D) to ita normal Joattion, ‘the hinged lever (H) and crank (X) then move out of engagenent Mith tho trigger and so the gun ceases firing. 74¢ DEGAS SIFIED 0-47(N)-2 yciosuee (C), continues 11. RROOTL CYLINDER (Figure 8(c)} The recoil system is of the liquid buffer and pring recuperator type. When the gun recoils, the piston moves towards the rear of the recoil cylinder, this movement being Tesisted both bythe recoil spring and the liquid pressure Runout is obtained by the spring reasserting itself, and 1s controlled by the jiquid pressure and Tinally by the tapered control plunger which engages with the throttling bush inside the head of the piston, Filling plugs are located ou the front cap. 12, GAS REGULATOR The muzzle end of the gas vent block has ten shallow grooves cut around its outer periphery and is screwed inside to receive the gas regulator. This has @ conical gas control valve at its rear end and 1s also provided with a spring clip. The clip engages in one of the grooves, thereby lectiag the regulator in any desired position, 13. BARREL Gonstavonron The varrel casing, michined on its outer surface to form cooling fins, ts in five sections; each section is secured to the barrel by two tapered pins pass- ing horizontally through the casing and barrel and riveted in place. ‘The breech end of the barrel is shouldered down and screwed single start acne thread right hand for a length of approximately 3 3/4", while the muzzle end 18 shouldered down and screwed single start "V" thread Left Hand to receive the flash eliminator. Gas vent block and gas cylinder form part of the second and fourth section, re spectively, of the barrel casing, and are connected by @ short length of wibing having flanged ends spigoted to retain a copper Jointing washer. ‘A hole 1s provided near the breech end of the barrel for the hexagonal locking setsorew located in the top of the gun body. 14, RECOIL CYLINDER (to remove from mounting) a. Lift out knurled locking pin holding yoke of recoil cylinder to eye on body of gun. d. Pull out the spring loaded catch situated on the front vertical face of the cradle, and rotate slightly to retain in disengeged position, gs Rotate recoil cylinder until four lugs around the perimeter of cyl~ Ander clear the four corresponding slots in the mounting hole in the front vertical face of the cradle, 4, Gylinder can then be removed by withdrawing to the front of the mount. e. Assemble in reverse order. 3UNS (to remove from cradle) a. Disengege spring loaded catches at the rear of mounting, holding tub= ular recoil guard, b. Drop guard clear of guns, ©. Remove the two recoil cylinders (two per gun) es already explained. 750-47(N)-2 DECLASSIFIED vcLosDRE (C), continued 4, Slide each gun to the rear until it clears the dove tailed guide blocks. fe. Gun can then be removed by lifting clear of the mounting. f.. Assemble in reverse order. STRIPPING GUN (Pigure 5(¢) a. Grigger housing block, breech block and piston group from bod (1)) Witharaw pin locking trigger housing, Press in spring loaded catch to unlock at the same time; take up the pressure of the return springs by grasping the plate retaining return springs by the erip provided. Ease the trigger housing block away from the body. Pull back the cockiag gear handle to remove the breech block, piston group, and return springs. Remove hexagon head locking screw in the top fromt of gun body, Using lerge spanner on flats provided just to the front of lock- ‘ing serew hole, unscrew barrel in direction of engraved arrow, (anti-clockwise viewed from front of gun) Dust cover which fits over spigoted end of gas cylinder can then be removed by sliding to the rear. gas regulator can be removed by unscrewing. (anti~clock fewed from muzzle end of barrel) Assemble in reverse order. (1) Rotate locking pin until arm is vertical. (2) Locking pin can then be withdrawn. (3) Pull upwards on interlock lever and the complete housing will Litt out. (is) Assemble in reverse order. Cootsinig Mechanism (1) First remove magazine housing as already explained. (2) Tarn gun upside down and tap cocking mechanisa body until it slides clear of gun body. (3) Remove reek by sliding to rear of qun body where it will liftott. (i) Assemble in reverse order. ‘Trigger Mechanism and Change Lever (2) Reaove trigger housing unit as alreudy descrived. (2) Renove taper pins and nuts retuining hinged firing lever and crank unit, (3) Ligt off firing lever and crank unit. (i) Lift out pin securing change lever to the sinale shot strixer arm. (5) Lit off striker arm from pivot pin. (8) Slige change lever to end of slot in tody and lift o (7) Assemble in reverse order. (1) Remove magazine housing as already explained. 76‘DEGEASSIFED SNCLOSURE (C), continued ours (2) BJector can then be removed by sliding forwards and Lirtiag out. {3} Assemble in reverse order. Broooh Block Fron Piston Yoke (2) Push out pivot pin through the hinged locking lugs and ent of Link. (2) Breech black oan then be Lifted clear of yoke. (3) Assemble in reverse order. tractor From Breech Block ‘urn breech block upside down. Lirt extractor spring out. Extractor oan then be lifted out. Assenble in reverse order. Piston Yoke (1) Resove breech block link uy pushing out pivot pin. (2) Resove firing pin by swinging up to vertical position and Ing out to either side of yoke, (3) Assemble in reverse order. Trigger Housing Assembly (1) Press in spring loaded locking plunger to slide off plate taining return springs. (2) Slide trigger guard to the tear to remove. {3} Tap out tringor plvot pin and renove trigger. Tap out pin retaining sear block and remove Sear block by ing to the rear. ) Lift out sear spring fron sear, ) Renove two buffer plungers and diso springs from sear and These will drop out, (7) Assemble in reverse order. Interlock Mechanism (to atrip from mgazine housing) ‘tharaw cotter pin and Lift out magazine catch operating handle, Yap out bush holding interlock lever and renove lever. Renove spring londed magazine catch by sliding forward. Remove spring and button fron caten. Assemble in reverse order. m. Qocking Mechanism ifousing (1] Renove split pin and nut from end of lever spindle. (2) Withdraw lover from housing. (3) Remove countersunk screws, bolts, and nuts to raise cover housing. Gear wheel, Gear segment, spacer, pivot pin, and bush for ment will then Lift’ out, Asgenble in reverse order. (to strip) Rowove taper pin lockine voke to piston Unsorew yoke and resove. esa in spring londal pluncer on end of cylinder and unscrew stufti 7O-47(N)-2 eacvosuns (Ch, continued: box. Tace up the spring pressure by pressiny finally disengaged from the cylinder; at the sune coil fluid. Remove piston asssably and sorinr. Press {n spring, loaded: plunger on otl.er end of cy! asseably comprising the cap und coatrol plunser. To remove plunger from cap, tap out taper pin, resove hexeronsl 16: and unserew plunger. Retiove throttling bush from inside siston hend ty unserewins. unscrew glend from stuffing box. Packing cun then be pressed out. Assemble in reverse order. ipetiAsSieten ow SNCLOSURB 10}, continuedoun DECLASSIFIED Ewcuosone (C), continued ure 410) NOORTTIO, GEAARAL Chart... 1HS Pueure 610) GS, CANBRAL CHARACTERISPICS) 80DECLASSIFIED O-47(N)-2 Ancuosune (0), continued igure 610) » (ms, GSveRAL CoaRAcrserSTTCS Barrel Gas vent block Gas cylinder Berrel casing lash eliminator Gas regulator Connecting tube Connecting tube copper washers Dust cover Barrel locking screw Boay Bye block for recoil cylinder Opening for magazine housing Mounting block for cocking gear Dove tatled slides Change lever Trigger mechaniam Trigger mechenism nuts, washer ‘and split pina Plate retaining return springs Spring guides Soring connecting plece Return springs Bjector Trigger housing block ‘Trigger guard Sear block Sear Sear pivot pin ‘rigger ‘Trigger pivot pin ae 32. 33. 3h 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. io: aL 43. be toe 46, a7. 4a. 49. 50. Be 52. 53. 55. 56: Pin locking, trigger housing Retaining pin sear block Buffer assembly Buffer spring discs Buffer plunger Ges piston yoke Firing pin Breech block Extractor Breech block Link Link pivot pins Hinesd loex Intérlook lever groove BJector groove Gocking gear rack Gocking gear cover Cocking gear wheel and segment Cocking gear spacer Cocking year bush Cooking gear pivot pin Cooking gear bolts, nuts and washers, Cooking gen ‘and. aut Cooking gear boay Kagazine housing Interlook lever Interlock lever bus Magazine catch operating handle cotter and ala Uayazine eaten Spring end cep Locking pin; msrazine housing lever, washerours DECLASSIFIED « canetnued sxcuosn Ngure 7103 canal ChapACTHRISPICS iegazine body ke Platror 5. Pip lever 8) aouna“DECLASsiFigo ons ENCLOSURE #€), continuedare __. DECLASSIFED? BESEASSIFIED O-47(N)-2 ENCLOSURE (D) JAPANESE VICKERS TYPH (GAL, +303) ATRORAFD 5 dune 1 Intelligence Report No. 11, : oe Ganasoe intelligence Section, Office of the Uite! Ordnance Oreioer. USAPZE, AiBies 30. DISTRIBUTION Chief of Ordnance, Nashington D. C. ModsD., Wed, Gon, Start, Wash, 5. G, Thru: il. of 8, 'd-2, AP6 500 Aud. 0f 8, G2, GQ, SHPA, “APO 500 AiG. of 5, G-2, GH, SWFA, APO 500 (ror Naval Int! 0, G/= Commander, 72h Floot) of S, G-2, GHQ, SWPA, APO 500 (for ATIS) of 8; 6-2) Sixth Army, APO 442 (for 00) of 8, Ac2; Fifth Air Foros, APO 925 (for 00) bf 8} G22; USAFISPA, 40 562 (tor 0) of S, G-2, Hawaiian Dept. (for 00 and Quarters 71 Of 8, 6-2) U.S. Forces, G-B-I, APO 885 liv Tuteiligndos Ofticer, USAs03, {for’00), ded. Ozt., Pires Marine Divicion, APO 924 2.0:, UBiS Wo. 1, C/-Flect Post Office, San Francoise ad, “img = ost DMI ~ LHQ (Thru GSI - Ad. LEQ) ‘MGO - LHQ (Thru GSI _- Aa. LHQ) Ord, Int. Section, Base Seotion No. 3, APO 923 Hilé ="Gi0, USAFE For your information and file. ALAN c. Major, ‘0; Tatellia:o-srenne DECLASSIEIED ANCLOSURE (0), continued 1. QUNERAL DESoRIPrro: ‘The Japanese (Vickers type) oal. 0.303 mocking gun is Lusically @ British Viokers machine gun ¥19i8, with cectain modificstions tc aduct it use in airplanes. It is permanently mounted in tErout the eros bracket and the elevating bracket. sowsver, it could de nodaved on a cal. 0-30 or 0,50 tripod. It $9 Feportua that two of the gus are coustes in & plane, and that they are synonronized to fire throug. tue propelier. Tas 3) {5 préofsion built, with practically all parts intercuanovuole with tie Sri. fish Vickers U1918. “The cuaaber 4s constructed for 7.7an sagancso (cal. 0.79 cartridges, which are an exact copy of tho British cal. 0.303 ammunition. Gal, 0,303 motal links are plso used. ‘The Japanese Vickers had an excellent Parkerized finish througucut, excert the moving surfaces which were highly polished, and the lock, wiich had the appearance of an aluminum finish. The only composition material used vas a hard rubber grip on the-check crank handle. Attached aze two photographs, Fig 2(0), showing th2 top, left, aaa ri views of the assembled guns, and fg I(p), showing a detailed’ strir; Is a. Barrel Casing ‘The Barrel casing (7) has 76 } inoh holes: drilled at s te provide air circulation tor covling of tie barrel (8). attached to the breech casing (11) inmediately ahead and above the cross~ head bracket, At the muzzle end of the barrel ous: ter (5). This adapter has vent holes in its side through its dise to allow for the escape of quses. The hi ig end is ‘threaded and into this the front brass cone (6) is sorsied and with a pin, The rear end of the adapter is threaded, and is screwed in- to the quzale end of the barrel casing. ‘then installed in place, the adapter nut is flush up aguinst the barrel cusing; the front brass cone bears against the expanded side of the berrel casing. The brass cone seals the barrel casing from the expanding gases and serves as a dearii for the mzzle end of the barrel (8). The muzzle end of the adapter is fitted with interrupted threads which hold the muzzle attachment (4) in place, ‘and which is locked by the muzzle attachnent letoh (3), which is Spring loaded (1) and fitted into “a housing on top of the muzzle attach- ment. Cotter pin (2) holds the assembly in place. Tho cuzzle attach- ment is cone shaped inside, and has sixteen 1/4" x 7/16" oblong holes (round holes are also used} drilled about its circumference. It is be~ lieved that this attachnent hides the flash and also ucts as a Cutt's ‘type Compensator. eoh Receiver he breech receiver (11) which 4s attached to the barrel casing is of riveted construction and rectangular in shape. To the side plates are attached the can guides through wuich the familiar Vickers movement is attained. There ia a shaped piece attached to the lert side plate which limits the forward movenent of the crank handle (52). The side plates are formed to receive the feed block (21). ‘The top or breech cover (12) Gloses with a spring lock and opens to the right side, using the breech Feceiver bolts (13) as pins for its hinges. A slotted hole is cut in the rear of the left side plate and fitted with left barrel extension housiag (47) for the movement of the crank bearing, The other side plate 86