School of Science & Engineering

Technology

East Delta University

B.S.C Engineering Evening Program
Subject: Digital Image Processing
Subject Code : CSE-439

Course Instructor: Golam Moktader Daiyan

Submitted By:
Name: Md. Khaled Faisal
Id: 181001422E
Dept: CSE
 Assignment-2
Image Segmentation

Image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into

multiple segments. Main goal of segmentation is to simplify and change
the representation of image into something that is more meaningful and
easy to analyze.

Types Of Image Segmentation

1) Similarity Detection (Region Approach)
2) Discontinuity Detection (Boundary Approach)

Image Segmentation Technique:

1) Threshold Method
2) Edge Based Segmentation
3) Region Based Segmentation
4) Clustering Based Segmentation
5) Watershed Based Method
6) Artificial Neural Network Based Segmentation
Histogram Based Method:
Histogram base method are very efficient compared to other image
segmentation method, because they typically require only one pass
through the pixel. In this technique a histogram is computed from all of
the pixel in the image, and the peaks & valleys in the histogram are used
to locate the cluster in the image.
Thresholding is a types of image segmentation , where we change the
pixel of an image to make the image easier to analyze. In Thresholding
we convert an image from color or grayscale into binary image. There 3
Types of thresholding

 Simple Thresholding
 Otsu’z Binarization
 Adaptive Thresholding

Region Growing:
It’s Bottom to up method where we begin a similar set of pixel and star
accumulating or iteratively merging it based on certain pre-determined
similarity constrain. Region growing algorithm starts with choosing an
arbitrary speed pixel in the image and compare it with its neighboring
pixel. If there is match & similarity in neighbor pixel, then they are
added to the initial seed pixel, thus increasing the size of Region. When
we reach the saturation and hereby the region of the growth cannot
proceed further, the algorithm choose another seed pixel, which
necessary does not belongs any region that currently exit & start the
process again.

Gradient Method:
An image gradient is a directional change in the intensity or color in a
image. The gradient of the image is a one of the fundamental building
block in image processing. For example, the canny edge detector uses
image gradient for edge detection.
Edge detection algorithm fall primarily two categories – gradient based
method & Gray histograms. Basic edge detection operates like sobel
operator, canny, Robert’s variables etc. are used in these algorithm.

Why do we need Image Segmentation:

Segmentation is a important stage of image recognition system.Because
its extracts the object of our interest.

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