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Total gross debt: all liabilities in the BS that are debt instruments.
Net debt= gross debt- financial assets corresponding to debt instruments. gross debt net of highly
liquid assets may be more useful for some analytical applications (i.e. Debt Sustainability Analysis)
net debt=/=net worth as it excludes non debt items
D1: debt securities+loans
D2: D1+SDR+currency and deposits
D3=D2+other accounts payable
fiscal risks is any potential differences between the actual and expected fiscal outcomes.Contingent
iabilities arise ony if a particular event happens. Contingent liabilities can be explicit or implicit.
Explicit arisis from a legal or contractual source. Guarantees can be contingent liabilities or
liabilities. Example of implicit are social security benefits. They are valued at nominal values. Most
derivates are not contingent liabilities.