A - 4 P D T S: Ppendix

Final Report Appendices
APPENDIX-4
PROFILE DRAWINGS AND TOWER SCHEDULE
Preparatory Survey on Addis Ababa Transmission and

Distribution System Rehabilitation and Upgrading Project
Humera Addis Ababa
Endasilassie Adwa Adigat
Gadarit (Sudan)
Sululta
Tekeze (300) Mekale

H
Shegole Addis North
H Ashegoda Wind (120) Bella
Legetafo
Marchew Gefresa
Addis West Cotobie
Gonder Sekota
Shehedi Alamata Addis Center Addis East
Torhailoch GIS
Laibela Weregenu
Tana Beles (460) Dichito Sebeta
Semera Gofa Nifas Silk
H Djibouti
H Tis Abay I (11)
Bahirdar Mekanissa
H H Tis Abay II (73) Pk12 Kaliti-II
Grand Ethiopian Combolcha
Renaissance Dam
(6,450)
Debre Kaliti-I
Assosa
Markos
Alemketema
Dedesa Hurso
Debre Gelan
Finchaa II (134) H Sululta Dire Dawa
Birhan
Finchaa Amerti Neshe II (97) H Jijiga
Ghimbi
Ghedo Harer
Nekemte Asbe Teferi
Gelan
Metu Bedele Holeta Awash
Gambella Sebeta-II H Adama Wind (51+153)
Welkite H
Koka (43.2)
Gilgel Gibe I H Awash II(32) & III(32)
Mizan Agaro (210) H
H
Jimma Gibe II Shashemene
(420) Meleka Wakena (153)
Bonga Aba H
Alaba
Ramo
Gilgel Gibe III H Yirga Alem
(1,870) Sado
Gode
Yadot
Arba Minch
Shakisso H Genale Dawa (254)
Key Afer COD 2018
Hagere
Mariam
132 kV H Hydro existing

220 kV H Hydro under construction
Bukuluguma 400 kV H Wind Power
0 300 500 kV
1,068 km DC 500kV (2000MW)
Kilometers
to Suswa in Kenｙa
as of 2018
Tower Type
Remarks 2cct : Double Circuit and 1cct : Single Circuit
Code Tower Type
AD 2 cct Lattice Tower Suspension 00o - 02o
BD 2 cct Lattice Tower Tension 00o - 30o
CD 2 cct Lattice Tower Tension 00o - 60o No.53 as a section tower
DD 2 cct Lattice Tower Dead End T-Connection (1cct) to Gofa
DD-G 2 cct Lattice Tower Dead End At Kality Substation
DD-C 2 cct Lattice Tower Dead End Cable Termination Tower
TAD 2 cct Tubular Tower Suspension 00o - 02o

TDS 1 cct Tubular Tower Tension Cable Termination Tower
AD BD CD DD DD-C TAD TDS

Clearance Requirement Directive on Clearance of Overhead Electric Lines, and Quality of Supply No. EEA/1/2005
Clearance Objects
8 meters Vehicle accessible road and any other objective points
10.5 meters Railway and tramway
13 meters Vegetation where may be planted by tree, crop and vegetation
4.6 meters Any other overhead line including communication line
+9
+9 +6
+6 +3
+3 ±0
+9
±0
+6 4.6 m 13 m
+3
±0 10.5 m MV/LV
+9
+6 Vegetation crop area & tree
+3 8m
Rail HV Line
±0 8m Low & Medium OHL
Train & LRT

Road
Houses & Any objective points
Profile T65 – T68
Profile T21 – T56

Black Lion
ADC New ADC T21 T25 T33/34 T53 T54/55
1950m 4280m
Under Ground Cable 1138m 2170m 5350m 445m
River
Ring Road
River T52
EEP Road Plan on ROW Industrial Area ( Leveling up by Embankment ) Kaliti

store S/S
Housing
Cable Terminal No. 21 No. 22 No. 23
DD-C + 0 AD + 6 DD + 6 BD + 6
I---- I ---- ---- ---- ===
2270
+9
+6
+3 +9
2260 +6
±0
+3
+9
±0
+6
2250 13 m +3
±0
2240 +9
+6
+3
±0
2230
2220
Road
2210 Warehouse/Store for EEU & EEP River

106o 00” R o
0 00”
115 m 269 m 227 m 364 m
0000 0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700

+9
No. 23 No. 24 +6
No. 25 T-01
BD + 6 AD + 6 +3 BD + 3 TAD + 0
---- === II ±0 ---- ---- <>
+9
+3
+6
±0
2280 +3
±0
8m
2270
2260
2250
+9
2240 +6
+3
±0
2230
2220
3o 36” L
364 m 163 m 169 m 164 m
0600 0700 0800 0900 1000 1100 1200 1300

T-01 T-02 T-03 T-04 T-05
TAD + 0 TAD + 3 TAD + 0 TAD + 3 TAD + 3
<> <> <> <> <>
+3
±0
2280
+3
8m ±0
2270 MV/LV +3
±0
+3
2260 MV/LV ±0
13 m +3
2250 MV/LV ±0
2240
MV/LV
2230
2220
164 m 162 m 178 m 153 m 178 m
1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

T-05 T-06 T-07 T-08 T-09
+3
TAD + 3 TAD + 0 TAD + 0 TAD + 0 TAD + 0
±0
<> <> <> <> <>
+3
±0
2240
MV/LV
+3
2230 ±0
MV/LV
+3
2220 MV/LV
±0
2210
+3
±0
2200
2190
2180
178 m 168 m 172 m 193 m 124 m
2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700

T-09 T-10 T-11 T-12 No. 33
TAD + 0 TAD + 3 TAD + 3 TAD + 3 BD + 6
<> <> <> <> ---- ===
2240
2230 +3
±0
+9
+3 +6
2220 ±0 +3
±0
MV/LV
+3
2210 +3 ±0
±0 8m
MV/LV
2200
13 m MV/LV
2190 Road
2180
124 m 174 m 160 m 176 m 289 m
2700 2800 2900 3000 3100 3200 3300 3400

No. 33 No. 34 No. 35 No.36
+9 BD + 6 AD + 6 AD + 3 AD + 3
+6
---- === II I I
+3
±0
2210 +9
+6
+3
2200 ±0
+9
+6
+3
2190 MV/LV ±0
+9
Rigid Foundation
2180 Road +6
+3
±0
2170 Future Embankment level

Rigid Foundation
2160
Future Embankment level
Rigid Foundation
2150
289 m 273 m 291 m
3400 3500 3600 3700 3800 3900 4000 4100

No. 36 No. 37 No. 38
AD + 3 AD + 6 AD + 6
I I I
+9
2280 +6
+3
±0
2170
+9
+6
+3
2160 +9
±0
Future Embankment level +6
Rigid Foundation +3
±0
2150
2140
2130
River
2120
291 m 303 m 252 m 350 m
4100 4200 4300 4400 4500 4600 4700 4800

No. 38 No. 39 No. 40 No.41
AD + 6 AD + 6 AD + 3 AD + 0
I I I I
+9
+6
+9
2280 +3
+6
±0
+3
±0
2170
+9
2160
+9
+6 Future Embankment level
Future Embankment
+3
+6
±0 Future Embankment level
+3
2150
±0
2140 13 m
2130
2120
350 m 223 m 225 m
4800 4900 5000 5100 5200 5300 5400 5500

No. 41 No. 42 No. 43
AD + 0 AD + 3 AD + 9
I I I
2290 +9
+9 +6
+3
+6
±0
2180 +3 +9
±0 +6
+3
±0
2170
13 m 8m
2160 Future Embankment level
2150
2140
2130
263 m 286 m 301 m
5500 5600 5700 5800 5900 6000 6100 6200

No. 44 No. 45 No. 46
BD + 9 AD + 3 AD + 0
---- ---- I I
2290
2180
2170 +9
+6
+3
+9
±0 +9
2160 13 m +6
+6
8m +3
+3
±0
MV/LV
±0
2150
2140 MV/LV
2130
301 m 280 m 264 m 364 m
6200 6300 6400 6500 6600 6700 6800 6900

No. 46 No. 47 No. 48 No. 49
AD + 0 AD + 3 AD + 0 AD + 3
I I I I
2170
+9
2160 +6
+3
+9
±0
+6
2150
+3
±0
2140
+9
+6
Future Embankment level +9
+3
+6
2130 ±0
+3
±0
2120

2110
264 m 255 m 221 m
6900 7000 7100 7200 7300 7400 7500 7600

No. 49 No. 50 No. 51
AD + 3 AD + 6 AD + 6
I I I
2160
2150
+9
+6
2140 +3
+9 ±0 8m
+6
+9 +3
2130 +6 ±0
+3
±0
2120
13 m
2110
2100
221 m 261 m 349 m 244 m
7600 7700 7800 7900 8000 8100 8200 8300

No. 52 No. 53 No. 54 No. 55
BD + 6 CD + 6 BD + 0 (existing) CD + 0 (existing)
---- ---- ---- ---- (slack) ---- ---- ---- ----
+9
+6
2160 +3
±0
2150
+9
2140 13 m +6
+3
±0
2130 +9
+9
+6
+6
+3
+3
2120 ±0
±0
2110
2100 EEP Kaliti Substation

5o 42” L 2o 30” L 9o 18” L 73o 42” L
244 m 159 m 197 m 124 m
8300 8400 8500 8600 8700 8800 8900 9000

No. 52 No. 53 No. 54 No. 55 No.56 Kaliti Substation
BD + 6 CD + 6 BD + 0 (existing) CD + 0 (existing) DD-G Gantry
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----I
+9
+6
2160 +3
±0
2150
+9
2140
+6
+3
±0
+9
2130 +9
+9 +6
+6
+6 +3 ±0
+3
+3 ±0
±0
2120 ±0
2110
2100 EEP Kaliti Substation

o
5o 42” L 2o 30” L 9o 18” L 73o 42” L 72 0” L
159 m 197 m 124 m 83 m 42 m
8500 8600 8700 8800 8900 9000 9100 9200

Under Ground Cable Route
T08
New Addis Center S/S

T09
T10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15
T16
T17
T18
T19
T20
New Tower Cable Termination
T21
Gofa S/S
T22
Underground Cable ( New ADC – Gofa )
Underground Cable ( Black Lion – New ADC )
T23
Existing Transmission Line ( ADC – Kaliti-I )
River
Under Ground Cable Route : New Addis Center S/S to Cable Termination Tower at Gofa S/S
2300
2290
2280
+9
2270 +6
+3
±0
2260
2250
2240
3o 36” L
2230
0500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Profile T22 – Gofa
No. 22 No. 22A New Gantry in Gofa S/S
DD + 6 DD + 0
---- ---- ---- ----
2cct Dead-End Tower
To Gofa S/S
2270
T-Connection to Gafa Substation
2260
+9
+6
2250 +3 +9
±0 +6
+3
±0 ±0
2240
13 m
2230
2220
2210 Warehouse/Store & Gofa Substation

106o 00” R 36o 06” R
163 m 42 m
0000 0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700

23
Cable Terminal
Profile T65 – T68
No. 65-L1 No. 66-L1 No.67A-L1 (New Cable Terminal) No. 67-L1
L+0 L+0 TDS + 0 L+0
I I ---- ---- I
New Tubular Tower
Cable Termination
To Weregenu S/S
2430
T-Connection to Weregenu Substation
+9
2420 +6
+3
±0
+9
2410
+6 +3
+3
±0
13 m
±0
+9 10.5 m
2400 +6
+3
±0 Rail HV Line
2390
Road & LRT
2380
2370
215 m 43 m 222 m 255 m
0000 0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700

Cable
Route
Kaliti SS
Cotobie SS
T67-1
T68-2
T67-2
New T67-1
New Cable Termination Tower
Parking
T66-1
St. Mariam & St. Kristos Semra Church

New Cable Termination Tower
Tower Schedule 1/3 : (T21 Cable Termination to Kaliti Substation )
Tower Schedule 2/3 : T22 ( 1cct branch to Gofa Substation )
Tower Schedule 2/3 : T22 ( 1cct branch to Gofa Substation )

APPENDIX-5
CONDUCTOR, TOWER AND FOUNDATION DESIGN
Preparatory Survey for Phnom Penh City Transmission and

Distribution System Expansion Project in Cambodia (Phase 2)
132kV Overhead Transmission Line
Recommended Design Parameter for Foundation
A B C E F D M200 Concrete M50 Concrete Total Rebars

No. Tower Type Upper Pad Lean Concrete
Chimney Base Pad Upper Pad Base thick Depth [m3] [kg]
thick [m3]
Foundation 2cct Tower
1 AD (LD) 0.6 3.6 2.0 0.4 0.4 3.5 32.5 5.2 4,340
2 AD (Rigid) 1.0 10.9 2.0 0.4 0.4 3.5 103.4 11.8 13,209
3 BD (MD) 0.8 4.0 2.0 0.6 0.5 3.5 55.1 6.4 5,780
4 CC (ND) 0.8 4.5 3.0 0.6 0.5 3.5 75.3 8.1 7,530
5 DD (ND dead-end) 1.0 6.0 3.0 0.6 0.6 3.5 121.2 14.4 12,580
6 TAD (Mono-Tubular) Dia. 1.8 4.0 - 4.0 - 4.0 65.3 1.6 1,611
Foundation 1cct Tower
7 TDS (Mono-Tubular) Dia. 1.8 5.0 - 5.0 - 4.0 101.3 2.5 2,425
Preparatory Survey on Addis Ababa Transmission and Distribution System rehabilitation and Upgrading Project 1
132kV 1cct Overhead Transmission Line
Existing Foundation Design L type (A type) Suspension Tower
Type of Soil Good Soil

Soil Unit Weight 1,600 kg/m3
Safe Bearing Capacity 200 kN/m2
Angle of Repose 30 o
Preparatory Survey on Addis Ababa Transmission and Distribution System rehabilitation and Upgrading Project Foundation - 1
Type of Soil Poor Soil

Type of Soil Submerged Good Soil

Soil Unit Weight 800 kg/m3
Type of Soil Submerged Poor Soil

Type of Soil Rock Foundation
Existing Foundation Design M type (B type) Tension Tower




Existing Foundation Design N type (C type) Tension Tower




Recommended Design Parameter for Tower
Lattice Tower Type in 132kV 2cct Transmission Line

Tower Type LD MD ND ND
AA BB CC DD
Deviation Angle 0º-2º 0º-30º 0º-60º 60º-90º
Insulator Strings Suspension Tension Tension Dead End
Basic Span 350 m 350 m 350 m 350 m
Wind Span 450 m 450 m 450 m 450 m
Weight Span 700 m 700 m 1500 m 700 m
Uplift - 175m - 400 m - 400 m - 350 m
Tubular Monopole Tower Type in 132kV Transmission Line

Tower Type Tubular 2cct (TAD) Tubular 1cct (TDS)
AA-Mono D-Mono
Deviation Angle 0º-2º 0º-5º
Insulator Strings Suspension Tension
Basic Span 160 m 250 m
Wind Span 180 m 250 m
Weight Span 250 m 350 m
Uplift N/A N/A
Monopole (Tubular) Tower

Monopoles shall be a constant taper and either circular or polygonal. Polygonal section shall have a
minimum of 12 faces.
Preparatory Survey on Addis Ababa Transmission and Distribution System rehabilitation and Upgrading Project Tower - 1
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – AD Type ( Suspension Double Circuit )
Bird Guard
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – BD Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – CD Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
T-53 CD as Section Tower

Side T52 will be full tension and Side T-54 will be slack span
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – DD Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
T-22 DD as Branch Tower to Gofa Substation

Sketch up for Tower Configuration – DD-C Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
T-21 Under ground termination tower at EEP/EEU Warehouse Store.

Sketch up for Tower Configuration – Monopole Tubular Tower ( 2cct )
T25 – T 33 : New road will be constructed.

132kV monopole tubular tower will be set
on median strip of new road.
Blaced Post Insulators to keep ROW as 6 meters
Cable Termination at T67 (Kaliti – Cotobie)

Span will cross at LRT station “Management Institute”
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – Foundation (Rigid Foundation)
Current Condition at T36
After Construction
After Embankment works
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – Stolen Steels members from towers
Over 50 bolts & nuts were stolen from this tower
After Construction
4 main brace steels with bolts & nuts were stolen.
Hexagon Nuts were welded,

but were forced to remove
from tower by ordinary
spanner.
Hexagon nut
Antitheft Nuts
Locking blade to
keep tightening
Only special tool can be

applied for tightening and
removing, ordinary spanner
can not remove this nut.
Recommended Design Parameter for Tower
Lattice Tower Type in 132kV 2cct Transmission Line

Tower Type LD MD ND ND
AA BB CC DD
Deviation Angle 0º-2º 0º-30º 0º-60º 60º-90º
Insulator Strings Suspension Tension Tension Dead End
Basic Span 350 m 350 m 350 m 350 m
Wind Span 450 m 450 m 450 m 450 m
Weight Span 700 m 700 m 1500 m 700 m
Uplift - 175m - 400 m - 400 m - 350 m
Tubular Monopole Tower Type in 132kV Transmission Line

Tower Type Tubular 2cct (TAD) Tubular 1cct (TDS)
AA-Mono D-Mono
Deviation Angle 0º-2º 0º-5º
Insulator Strings Suspension Tension
Basic Span 160 m 250 m
Wind Span 180 m 250 m
Weight Span 250 m 350 m
Uplift N/A N/A
Monopole (Tubular) Tower

Monopoles shall be a constant taper and either circular or polygonal. Polygonal section shall have a
minimum of 12 faces.
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – AD Type ( Suspension Double Circuit )
Bird Guard
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – BD Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – CD Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
T-53 CD as Section Tower

Side T52 will be full tension and Side of T-54 will be slack span
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – DD Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
T-22 DD as Branch Tower to Gofa Substation

Sketch up for Tower Configuration – DD-C Type ( Tension Double Circuit )
T-21 Under ground termination tower at EEP/EEU Warehouse Store.

T25 – T 33 : New road will be constructed.

132kV monopole tubular tower will be set
on the median strip of the new road.
Braced Post Insulators to keep ROW as 6 meters
Cable Termination at T67 (Kaliti – Cotobie)

Span will cross at LRT station “Management Institute”
Sketch up for Tower Configuration – Foundation (Rigid Foundation)
Current Condition at T36
After Construction
After Embankment works
Over 50 bolts & nuts were stolen from this tower
After Construction
4 main brace steels with bolts & nuts were stolen.
Hexagon Nuts were welded,

but were forcefully removed
from tower by ordinary
spanner.
Hexagon nut
Antitheft Nuts
Locking blade to
keep the tightening
Only special tool can be

applied for tightening and
removing, ordinary spanners
can not remove this nut.
APPENDIX-6
ADDIS ABABA TRANSMISSION NETWORKS

to Debre Markos SS
Finchaa PP 134MW (1973/2011) to Combolcha SS
Sululta
16.8km / 510A x 2 20.8km / 510A x 2
287 km / 510A x 2
Gefersa 20.4km / 510A x 2
9.9km / 510A x 2
125 x 4 25 Shegole Legetafo

134MW (1973) & 100 MW (2011)
125 x 2
125 x 2
(Rail way) (Bella)
to Finch PP via Ghedo S/S
31.5 24 Minilik GIS Addis North Addis East II 25/31.5 x 2

5.1km/490A 4.8km/490A 1.5km/490A 9.9km/510A
Cotobie 125 x 2
5.5km/510A
25/31.5 x 2 25 25 25 25 50 50
(Replace to 50 x 2)
16 31
(2.5 km Branch - Cotobie)

16
Torhailoch GIS
25 x 2
Addis East 5.5km/620A (OPGW 48)
40 40 25 25
Addis West 40 40 Ayat GIS
40 40
11km/490A
11km/920A
Black Lion
UG Cable 3.５km
4.5km/620A
UG Cable 2.0km
7.7km/620A
4.0km/490A (OPGW)
Addis Center
Weregenu
25/31.5 x 2
20 km/490A (No OPGW)

40 40
20 km/490A (OPGW)
35 km / 510A x 2
(Add 50 x 1)
New Addis Center
Sebeta
210MW (2004), 420MW (2010) & 1,970 MW (2015)
50 x 5 25/31.5 x 2
25 x 2
125 x 2 50 x 2 Nifas Silk

3.9 km/620A (OPGW48)
3.9 km/620A (OPGW48)
(Gofa)
Addis South II
25 25
Reppie P/P
Energy from Waste
2.0km/490A
to Gilge Gibe PP
2 x 25MW
0.16km
1.6km
8.1km/490A Kaliti II
24.6km/490A
25 25 25
16km/490A
OHL 8.7km +UG Cable 4.5km 1100A x 2cct
13.9 km/490A
7.3 km/620A (OPGW48) no energize
25/31.5 x 2
7.3 km/620A (OPGW48)
Mekanissa Kaliti II
GIS
(Kaliti III)
Kaliti North
25/31.5 x 2
20 km/490A
0.4km/490A
25/31.5 x 2
Diesel 14MW
Kaliti I 25 x 3
125 x 3
14.0km/920A
67 km/490A
73 km/490A
: 220 kV : 220 kV Under Construction

: 45 kV : 132 kV Planning : Power Plant
to Koka PP 42MW (1960) & Awash 2x32MW (1970)
Conductor’s Thermal Capacity via Gelan S/S
490A : ACSR 166 (Tiger 131mm2) or ACSR 176 (Ostrich 152mm2)
510A : ASH/AAAC 180 (181.6mm2)
620A : ACSR 240/30 (Flicker 241.6mm2) ADDIS ABABA Transmission Network
920A : ACSR 494 (Mallard 403mm2) (2018)
to Debre Markos SS
Sululta
16.8km / 510A x 2 20.8km / 510A x 2
287 km / 510A x 2
20.4km / 510A x 2
9.9km / 510A x 2

134MW (1973) & 100 MW (2011)
125 x 2
125 x 2
(Rail way) (Bella)

5.1km/490A 4.8km/490A 1.5km/490A 9.9km/510A
Cotobie 125 x 2
5.5km/510A
25/31.5 x 2 50 50 25 25 50 50
16 31

16
Torhailoch GIS
25 x 2
40 40 25 25
40 40
11km/490A
11km/920A
Black Lion
UG Cable 3.5km
4.5km/620A
UG Cable 2.0km
7.7km/620A
4.0km/490A (OPGW)
Addis Center
Weregenu
25/31.5 x 2

50 40 40
20 km/490A (OPGW)
35 km / 510A x 2
New Addis Center
Sebeta
40/50 x 5
210MW (2004), 420MW (2010) & 1,970 MW (2015)
25/31.5 x 2
25 x 2
125 x 2 50 x 2 Nifas Silk

3.9 km/620A (OPGW48)
3.9 km/620A (OPGW48)
(Gofa)
Addis South II
25 25
Reppie P/P
Energy from Waste
2.0km/490A
to Gilge Gibe PP
2 x 25MW
0.16km
1.6km
24.6km/490A
25 25 25
16km/490A
OHL 8.7km +UG Cable 4.5km 1100A x 2cct
25/31.5 x 2
7.3 km/620A (OPGW48)
Mekanissa Kaliti II
Remove 13.9 km / 490A
GIS
(Kaliti III)
Kaliti North
25/31.5 x 2
20 km/490A
0.4km/490A
25/31.5 x 2
Diesel 14MW
Kaliti I 25 x 3
125 x 3
14.0km/920A
67 km/490A
73 km/490A

: 45 kV : Power Plant
to Gelan SS
Conductor’s Thermal Capacity Koka PP 42MW (1960) & Awash 2x32MW (1970)
510A : ASH/AAAC 180 (181.6mm2)
920A : ACSR 494 (Mallard 403mm2) Scope of Rehabilitation and Upgrading Project
to Debre Markos SS
Sululta
16.8km / 510A x 2 20.8km / 510A x 2
287 km / 510A x 2
20.4km / 510A x 2
9.9km / 510A x 2

134MW (1973) & 100 MW (2011)
125 x 2
125 x 2
(Rail way) (Bella)

5.1km/490A 4.8km/490A 1.5km/490A 9.9km/510A
Cotobie 125 x 2
5.5km/510A
25/31.5 x 2 50 50 25 25 50 50
16 31

16
Torhailoch GIS
25 x 2
40 40 25 25
40 40
11km/490A
11km/920A
Black Lion
UG Cable 3.5km
4.5km/620A
7.7km/620A
UG Cable 2.0km
4.0km/490A (OPGW)
Weregenu

50 40 40
20 km/490A (OPGW)
35 km / 510A x 2
New Addis Center
Sebeta
210MW (2004), 420MW (2010) & 1,970 MW (2015)
40/50 x 5 25/31.5 x 2
25 x 2
125 x 2 50 x 2
UG Cable 4.5km
Nifas Silk
3.9 km/620A (OPGW48)
3.9 km/620A (OPGW48)
(Gofa)
Addis South II
25 25
Reppie P/P
Energy from Waste
2.0km/490A
to Gilge Gibe PP
2 x 25MW
1.6km 0.16km
24.6km/490A
25 25 25
16km/490A
25/31.5 x 2
OHL 8.7km 1100A x 2cct
7.3 km/620A (OPGW48)
Mekanissa Kaliti II
GIS
(Kaliti III)
Kaliti North
25/31.5 x 2
20 km/490A
0.4km/490A
25/31.5 x 2
Diesel P/P 14MW

Kaliti I 25 x 3
125 x 3
14.0km/920A
67 km/490A
73 km/490A
: 220 kV
: 132 kV : Power Plant
: 45 kV : Under Ground Cable
to Gelan SS
Conductor’s Thermal Capacity Koka PP 42MW (1960) & Awash 2x32MW (1970)
510A : ASH/AAAC 180 (181.6mm2)
920A : ACSR 494 (Mallard 403mm2) (Expected at 2020)
105 km / 2cct (Darien/AAAC240)
Tekeze Alamata
338 km / 1cct (2 x ASH/AAAC180) 458 km / 1cct (2 x ASH/AAAC180)
Bahirdar
300 MW 63 km / 1 route x 2cct
(2010)
194 km / 1cct
Tana Beles Debre Markos
460 MW
210 km
216 km / 1cct 1756A

(2010)
31 km / 1 route x 2cct
Grand Ethiopian Sululta
Renaissance Dam to Ghedo
(GERD) 2 x 50MVA
6,450 MW
336 km
283 km / 2 x 2cct 500kV to Ghedo
Dedesa
7 x 750 MVA Holeta to Welkite
3 x SVC 300 MVar

16 km / 2cct
to Ghedo
to Welkite Sebeta-II Galan Akaki II

33 km / 1cct
Gilgel Gibe - I 185 km / 1cct
Gilgel Gibe - II
28 km / 1cct 1756A
260 km / 1cct 1756A (Twin AAAC 851)
184 MW
(2004)
420 MW
45 MVar
(2010)
51 km / 3cct Twin AAAC Aster 851 (1756A)

1cct to be stung later

Gilgel Gibe - III Wolaita Sodo 2 Genale Dawa
(GD3)
1,870 MW 254 MW
(2016) (2018)
1,068 km / HVDC 2 pole 500kV
HVDC 500kV
2,000 MW
437 km Ethiopia
631 km Kenya
: 500 kV
: 400 kV
: 220 kV
EEP 500kV/400kV Transmission Network
(Including Under Construction)
90.7 MW
30.1
Sululta
36.7
53.6
Gefersa 78.6 80.8
131.7 MW 76.0 80.8
40 56
80.5 80.5
65.0 MW
Shegole Legetafo
103 MW
178.99 MW (Rail way) 44.5 44.5
(Bella)
Minilik GIS Addis North Addis East II
56.1 42.8
137.4 55.3 70.9 4.0
64.7 17.9 Cotobie
6.0 46.7 38.3
88.8 MW 127.2
Addis West Black Lion 20.5
22.7
138.1 40.2
Torhailoch GIS 0.0
Addis East 57.8
Addis Center 3.3
5.7
5.3 17.0
64.4 Ayat GIS
20.1 20.1
144.2 0.0
Nifas Silk Weregenu 8.8
8.2
(Gofa) 16.7
Sebeta 53.6
Addis South II
Kaliti II
187.7 MW
87.3 17.3 26.7
97.2 MW 36.8 8.9
EFW 21.6
0.0
64.6 Kaliti II (Kaliti III)
17.3 GIS Kaliti North
336.2 MW 43.4
50.9 71.7 0.0
52.84
8.7
61.7
Mekanissa Diesel 0.0
45.4 Kaliti I
101.2 195.4 MW
8.9 44.9 195.9 MW
22.9
128.5
101.5
44.2 MW 223.2 MW
ADDIS ABABA Transmission Network

: 400 kV : 220 kV Under Construction (2017)
: 220 kV : 132 kV Under Construction : Power Plant
: 132 kV : 132 kV Planning
図 3.1-4 アジスアベバ系統計画 (２０１８年末)

Detailed facilities of existing 132kV Transmission Line in Addis Ababa
Nos of Thermal
Name of Section Length Tower Structure Type
Circuit Capacity
Existing Transmission Line Under Operation
Kaliti – I to Addis Center 1 cct 13.9 km 490 A Lattice
Kaliti – I to Kaliti – II (via GIS) 1 cct 6.8 km 490 A Lattice
Kaliti – I to Kaliti – II 2nd route 2 cct 7.3 km 620 A Tubular&Lattice
Kaliti – I to Nifas Silk 2 cct 3.9 km 620 A Tubular
Kaliti – I to Mekanissa 1 cct 16 km 490 A Lattice
Mekanissa to Sebeta 1 cct 8.1 km 490 A Lattice
Mekanissa/Sebeta PI to Addice EFW (Energy from Waste) 2 cct 2.6 km 490 A Lattice
Mekanissa to Kality South II (Gofa) 1 cct 2.0 km 490 A Lattice
Kaliti - I to Cotobie (via Weregenu ) 1 cct 20.0 km 490 A Lattice
Weregenu to T62 T Branch tower 1 cct 4.0 km 490 A Lattice
Kaliti - I to Cotobie (via Kaliti III ) 1 cct 20.0 km 490 A Lattice
Kaliti III to T-Branch 1 cct 0.6 km 490 A Lattice
Cotobie to Addis East 2 cct 5.5 km 620 A Tubular
Cotobie to Addis East II (Bella) 1 cct 5.5 km 490 A Lattice
Addis East II (Bella) to Addis North 1 cct 9.9 km 490 A Lattice
Addis North to Minilik GIS (Railway) 1 cct 1.5 km 490 A Lattice
Minilik GIS (Railway) to Shegole 1 cct 4.8 km 490 A Lattice
Shegole to Gefersa 1 cct 5.1 km 490 A Lattice
Gefresa to Sebeta 1 cct 11.0 km 490 A Lattice
Gefresa to Kaliti-I 1 cct 24.6 km 490 A Lattice
Sebeta to Addis West 2 cct 7.7 km 620 A Tubular
Plan and under construction
Addis West to Black Lion 2 cct 4.0 km 620 A Tubular
185 km
Ethiopian Electric Power Existing Power Plants Installed Capacity (2017) [MW]
No Power Plant Hydro Diesel Geothermal Wind Total COD
1 Koka (Awash I) 43.2 43.2 1960
2 Awash II 32.0 32.0 1966
3 Awash III 32.0 32.0 1971
4 Finchaa 134.0 134.0 1973/2003
5 Meleka Wakena 153.0 153.0 1988
6 Tis Abay I 11.4 11.4 1964
7 Tis Abay II 73.0 73.0 2001
8 Gilgei Gibe 184.0 184.0 2004
9 Aluttu Langano 7.3 7.3 1999
10 Kaliti 14.0 14.0 2004
11 Dire Dwa 38.0 38.0 2004
12 Awash 7 Killo 35.0 35.0 2004
13 Tekeze 300.0 300.0 2009
14 Gilget Gibe II 420.0 420.0 2010
15 Tana Beles 460.0 460.0 2010
16 Fincha Amerti Neshi 97.0 97.0 2011
17 Ashegoda ( 120 wind turbine) 120.0 120.0 2012
18 Adama I ( 51 wind turbine) 51.0 51.0 2010
19 Adama II ( 102 wind turbine) 153.0 153.0 2015
20 Gibe III 1,870.0 1,870.0 2015
21 Small diesels 56.0 56.0
3,809.6 143.0 7.3 324.0 4,283.9
22 Genal Dewa (GD3) 254.0 254.0 2018

23 Ground Renaissance (GERD) 6,450.0 6,450.0
M inistry of Water Irrigation and Electricity
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
The Ethiopian Power Sector : A renewable Future
Generation Planning (Committed Plants) [MW]
Install Capacity in
Power Plant 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Capacity Dry
Existing Power Plant
Hydro 3,810 3,810 3,810 3,810 3,810 3,810
Diesel 143 143 143 143 143 143
Geothermal 7 7 7 7 7 7
Wind 324 324 324 324 324 324
Hydro Under Construction
Genal Dawa III 254 254 253 253 253
Grand Renaissance First Phase 500 500 413 413
Grand Renaissance Second Phase 5,500 5,500 4,544
Biomass Planning
Bio committed 120MW 60 60 60 60 60
Bio committed 137.5MW 60 60 60 60 60
Others Under Construction
Addis Ababa Energy from Waste 25 25 25 25 25
Generations for Sugar Factories 26 254 354 434 434 434
4,310 4,683 4,783 5,116 5,529 10,073
Ministry of Water Irrigation and Electricity

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
The Ethiopian Power Sector : A renewable Future
APPENDIX-7
UNDERGROUND CABLE
Preparatory Survey for Phnom Penh City Transmission and

Distribution System Expansion Project in Cambodia (Phase 2)
Appendix-7 (A)
Black Lion
NEW ADC
Site 1-1
1
Site 1-2 New ADC
Tower
GOFA
2
Site 2
Weregenu
3
Appendix-7 (B)
Appendix-7 (C)
APPENDIX-8
TOPOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF SUBSTATION

LEGEND
MAJOR CONTOUR
MINOR CONTOUR
ASPHALT ROAD
BENCHMARK
EP ELECTRIC POLE
N
N
E
N
D/L CABLE
PIT EXISTING HOUSE
W
EP
E
D/L CABLE
PIT
1500
FENCE
SE
SW S
33kV SWI
TCHGEAR
1000
FOR FUT
URE
D/L
D/L
D/L
CURB STONE
INCOMI
NG D/L
D/L
D/L
700
3000 1500 COMMUN
ICATION
8700 1500
18900
1200
1500
CONTRO 8400
L/RELAY
ROOM
ROOM
3000
ACCESS ROAD
8700 1500
1000
15kV SWI
D/L
D/L
TCHGEAR 8400
D/L
INCOMIN
G D/L AUXIL
CAPA
SECTION
D/L D/L
D/L INCOMI
NG D/L
1500 BATTERY
D/L
D/L SECTION
D/L
D/L
D/L 8400 ROOM 3000
2000 800 INCOMIN
G D/L
AUXIL
CAPA
1000
800 800 5500
1000
19400
KITCHEN
22665
2265 BED ROO
M
3000
2780
BM2 SEPTIC TAN

K
NOTE
10988
OIL STORAG
PIT E
BM1
132/15kV 9100
Pow er Transfor
mer NR
E.Tr 132/15kV
Coordinate System
6437 2V
2U
2W
1U
1V
1N
Power Tran
sformer NR
E.Tr 132/15kV
Power Tran
sformer NR
OIL FLOW
PIPE WGS 84
1W
E.Tr 132/33kV
Power Tran
2W
2V
1N sformer NR 1000
2U 1U
1V
1W
2W
E.Tr
2V
1N
2U
1U
1V
2W
1W
2V
1N
2U
1U
1V
1W
FOR FUTURE
TRANSFORM
ER
1000
6184
GUARD HOU
SE
B1"
11474
BAY"
D1"
BAY"
C1"
BAY"
Main Gate
A1"
ES
BAY"
B2"
VT
BAY"
D2"
BAY"
14711
ES
D3"
BAY"
A2"
BAY"
FROM BLACK LION

B3"
BAY"
C2"
BAY"
SUBSTATION CLIENT:
D4"
BAY"
B4"
VT
ES
D/L CABLE
BAY"
PIT
EP
re
Futu
NEWJEC Inc
ES
4955
ES
FROM KALITI-I
SUBSTATION PROJECT:
Addis Ababa Transmission and Distribution

C System Rehabilitation and Upgrading Project
UR
B
ST
O
NE
DRAWING TITLE: STATUS:
Topographic Map of Project Area FINAL
EP Addis Center
DRAWING NUMBER: SCALE: DATE:
DN AC-1-3 1:500 JUNE 2018
DESIGNED BY: MS Consultancy

CAD BY: MS Consultancy
CHECKED BY: MS Consultancy
APPROVED BY: MS Consultancy
CONSULTANT:
MS CONSULTANCY
LEGEND
Major Contour
Minor Contour
Walk Way
EP Retaining Wall
r
Towe N Current Transformer
use
N CT
E
W
Ho
N
Fence
E
SW
SE
S Bench Mark
Electric Pole
Houses
Boundary
T ION
STA
UB
ELL
AS Gantry Tower G
MB
FRO
L INE
132
kV Box
Lighting A-resistor
IN
G EP
IN
Insulator IN
IN
2
QE00
IN EP
02
GP4 2
ZA10
IN
EP Voltag Transformer
G
250
1
RO
AD Breaker
QA10
A D
12
CT
SS
RO Disconnector
GP0 CT
CE
CT
AC
Rail
02
QB1
AD
RO
High Voltage HVT
transformer
TC
3
Side Cabinet
Re
QA10
RI K
tain
BA
BUS
en
Cable Duct
gw
9
all
Access Road
G
IN
RO
IN
DA
IN
6
132
X
NOTE
T
IN
kV
HV
IN
LIN
IN IN
G
Coordinate System
EF
IN
RO
IN CT IN
IN
EP
MM
BM1 WGS 84
7
4
IN
EP
INIL
IN
CT IN
IN
IK
Railw
SU
IN
IN
BST
ay
CT
AT
ION
G
CLIENT:
T
BM2
NEWJEC Inc
T
X
HV
IN
CT IN
PROJECT:
CT IN
CT
all
AD gw GH
RO
NN
EL
Re
tain
en System Rehabilitation and Upgrading Project
GU USE
HA
HO
C
GE
ARD
INA
DRA
SER DING
BUIL
GATE
VIC
G
E
G Topographic Map of Project Area
FINAL
Addis North
15k ITCH
SW OM
RO

GE
ING
AR
BULD
DN AN -1-4 1:500 JUNE 2018

CONSULTANT:
MS CONSULTANCY
LEGEND
Major Contour
AS Minor Contour
P HA W
N
N
EP LT N
E
CU Curb Stone
RO
E
RB AD M
STO Manhole
SW
SE
EP NE S
Current Transformer CT
MH EP
EP
EP Fence
BM2
G
Ia Bench Mark
e EP
G Electric Pole
BM3
15
OM M
kV
EP
et
Houses
RO lC a
I.P. EP
ub
TEL
icle
L
BM1 Boundary
RO
MH
EP Gu
NT
ar Gantry Tower G
CO
d
OM
EP EP Ho
G
us Insulator IN
RO
e
0
SE
H.7
80 x
RV
EP T
IC
Tower
L
14
EB
RO UIL
D
Breaker
NT IN
G
CO
EP
Disconnector
0
50
G
0
15 H.7
80 x
High Voltage HVT
N
DE
19 Transformer
NR
P
Cable Duct
GI
16
T
HV
T
17
14
Ex.Footings
12 10
IN Asphalt Road
k
11
n
ta
13 CT
T
K
IN 9
IN
oil
0 7
H.7 8 0
80 x CT 50
IN
EP
1
6 CT IN
IN 17
EP 18
33
T
IN
Coordinate System
k
0
V
H.4
35 x
M
IN
et
WGS 84
0
al
P
15 H.7 IN
80 x
Cu
19 0
H.4
STO
bic
50 x
le
RE
50 x
0
HV
H.4
50 x
H.4
0
IN
10
12 11 T
CT
13 IN
IN H.4
0
7 CT 35 x 8 IN
IN
M
19 1
BM4 IN
CT IN
IN
IN P
6 IN
IN CT
18 8 IN
IN 18
IN
M
17 IN CT IN 2
IN 6
T EP
12 11
10
CT CLIENT:
M
4
13 IN IN
K
T
14 5
EP IN IN
NEWJEC Inc
19 9
7
8 IN
3
IN
1
IN
1
6 2
17
IN
18 T T 20
0
10 H.4
12 11 Di 35 x
tc PROJECT:
13
h .40H
N
7 35 x 8
IO
NS 1
PA

EX
RE
EP
TU
FU 6
18 EP 8 System Rehabilitation and Upgrading Project

EP 18
6
4 BM5
17
5 DRAWING TITLE: STATUS:
3 Topographic Map of Project Area FINAL
9
EP 1 Wereganu
17
20
3
14
DN WE -1 1:500 JULY 2018

CONSULTANT:
MS CONSULTANCY
LEGEND
Major Contour
Minor Contour
m
oo
rR
ea Road
AC
Ro DC
hg
itc
Pro
om
Sw
&
kV
te
15
cti
GT Cable Duct
o
CT
na
ry
CT lle
nd
K
BR Ga
CT
AC
BR
He
ad
Co
BR
GT
Offi
&
Fence
W
ce
N
CT
ntr
DC
E
N
CT
ol
Ar
K
ch
Ro
CT
ive
oo R
o
CB
W
m
E
CT
GT
To
CB
BD
ile
CT
Bench Mark
t
CB
CT CT
MK
CT
ry
lle
SW
Ga
SE
BD CT m
CT
oo
nR
BD GT tio S
BD
K
y
lco
n ula
Sim
OA
D Electric Pole
Ba R
BD CB
G
IN T
GT
BD
BD
BD CB
CB
K
XIS
EE
TH Houses
BD
BD
GT
BD
BD
BD
BD
K
Boundary
BD
BD
BD GT
use
BD
BD
BD Gantry Tower GT
Ho
K
BD
BD
BD
BD GT
GT
BD
BD
K
Current Transformer CT
BD
BD BM3
BD GT
GT
BD
BD
BD
K
Voltag Transfer VT
BD
BD
BD GT
GT K
BD
BD
BD
K
Arrester AR
BD
EP BD
BD
BD GT
EP GT
BD BD
BD
BD
K
I
er
orm
nsf
Wave Traper WT
70
K Tra
CT BR BD
0/7
BD
00
EP BD BD
BD GT BR
GT
D BD
K
BD
BD
K
II
nsf
orm
er
Tra
Breaker
CT BR BD
w D
BD
70
Disconnector
0
BD
GT 70
D
0/7
BD BD III 0/
BD
er 70
00
VT
D BD BD sfo
rm
GT K n
Tra
VT VT w D
CT BR BD
BD
BD BD
BD
om
Ro
DC Basebar BD
GT om
Disconnector
70
AR
VT BD Ro T2
BD
0/7
D BD ry
AR
GT K tte T1
00
BD BD Ba
K
K
Ge
AR
Ro erato
VT VT
D BD
GT Marsheling
om r
n
BD BD om
BD
Ro
AC
AR
VT BD BD
AR
AR
GT
BD
BR
K BD BD
BD
K
ge
ra
Kiosk
MH
CB
VT VT CT BD Sto
BD BD
CB
GT
AR BD
Inte
T
BD CB
BD G
AR
GT
D BD
BD rna K
ST
IN om
AR K BD lA EX
I Ro
cce
CB
CT BD E ork
D
BD BD
BD
BD s sR
CB
GT CT
TH W
BD BD oa CB
BR CT
VT
GT
D
BD
d K
BR CT
BD
TH
K BR
CT BR
VT
VT
BD BR
GT
E
D BD Ditc
EX
h
AR BD
VT BD
IST
K
AR D
GT BD
IN
BD
AR
G
VT
VT
D GT BD
RO
BD
BD
A
Towe
AR
WT BD
D
VT
AR
AR
GT K
BD
BD
VT
VT
GT Inte BD
rna BD
lA BD 0
r
AR
20
GT cce
NOTE
VT /1
AR BD 00
VT
ss R 12
Tow
AR
VT
GT oa BD
VT
d
er BD
K
Tower VT
VT
VT
GT BD
BD
GT GT
BD
Coordinate System
WGS 84
BD
VT BD
BD L1
BD
GT
K BD GT BD
BR L2
CT
BR
BD
BD
GT
K GT
L3
CT BD
GT D BR
BR
D CT GT
Tow GT D
CT K
BR
GT BD
GT
er
L1
BR
BD
D
70
CT BD
D CT
0/7
L2
D GT D BD
GT
00
BD 0
D 00 40
D BD
L3
/4 00
/
BD 00 4 4
D GT K GT
Tower
BR BD BD
BR BD
CT BD
GT D
CT
GT K
BR
BD GT BD
0
D BD 40
MH BR BD 0/
D 40
CT
BD GT BD 00
/4
D CT K 0
GT D
BR
BD
GT 40 40
0
BR BD 0/
D
CT Sto 40
D K rm BD GT BD AD
CT Dra
D GT D
BR
BR
ina
ge BD
BD BM4 RO
G
D CT TIN
GT XIS
D CT K BD
D GT D BR EE
TH
CLIENT:
70
BR
D CT
0
D K
/7
CT BR
GT
00
D D BR
D
D D
CT
CT
GT 0
40
BM1
NEWJEC Inc
D
0/
D D GT D
0 40
D
20
D /1
D 00
D
D
D GT 12
D
D
Acc
ess
0
70
40
0/
0/
40
Roa
70
0
d L4
L3
L2
L1
L3
L3
0
L2
40
0/
40
PROJECT:
L1
L2

L3
L2
L1
L1
System Rehabilitation and Upgrading Project

Tow
er Gu
Ho ard
use
Topographic Map of Project Area
Kality FINAL
DN KA-2/2 1:1000 JUNE 2018

CONSULTANT:
MS CONSULTANCY

A - 4 P D T S: Ppendix

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Final Report Appendices

PROFILE DRAWINGS AND TOWER SCHEDULE

Preparatory Survey on Addis Ababa Transmission and

Tekeze (300) Mekale

132 kV H Hydro existing

TAD 2 cct Tubular Tower Suspension 00o - 02o

AD BD CD DD DD-C TAD TDS

Train & LRT

Profile T21 – T56

EEP Road Plan on ROW Industrial Area ( Leveling up by Embankment ) Kaliti

2210 Warehouse/Store for EEU & EEP River

0000 0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700

0600 0700 0800 0900 1000 1100 1200 1300

164 m 162 m 178 m 153 m 178 m

1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

178 m 168 m 172 m 193 m 124 m

2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700

124 m 174 m 160 m 176 m 289 m

2700 2800 2900 3000 3100 3200 3300 3400

2170 Future Embankment level

289 m 273 m 291 m

3400 3500 3600 3700 3800 3900 4000 4100

291 m 303 m 252 m 350 m

4100 4200 4300 4400 4500 4600 4700 4800

350 m 223 m 225 m

4800 4900 5000 5100 5200 5300 5400 5500

2160 Future Embankment level

263 m 286 m 301 m

5500 5600 5700 5800 5900 6000 6100 6200

Future Embankment level

301 m 280 m 264 m 364 m

6200 6300 6400 6500 6600 6700 6800 6900

Future Embankment level

264 m 255 m 221 m

6900 7000 7100 7200 7300 7400 7500 7600

221 m 261 m 349 m 244 m

7600 7700 7800 7900 8000 8100 8200 8300

2100 EEP Kaliti Substation

8300 8400 8500 8600 8700 8800 8900 9000

2100 EEP Kaliti Substation

8500 8600 8700 8800 8900 9000 9100 9200

New Addis Center S/S

2210 Warehouse/Store & Gofa Substation

0000 0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700

215 m 43 m 222 m 255 m

0000 0100 0200 0300 0400 0500 0600 0700

St. Mariam & St. Kristos Semra Church

Tower Schedule 2/3 : T22 ( 1cct branch to Gofa Substation )

CONDUCTOR, TOWER AND FOUNDATION DESIGN

Preparatory Survey for Phnom Penh City Transmission and

A B C E F D M200 Concrete M50 Concrete Total Rebars

Type of Soil Good Soil

Type of Soil Poor Soil

Type of Soil Submerged Good Soil

Type of Soil Submerged Poor Soil

Type of Soil Rock Foundation

Type of Soil Good Soil

Type of Soil Poor Soil

Type of Soil Submerged Good Soil

Type of Soil Submerged Poor Soil

Type of Soil Rock Foundation

Type of Soil Good Soil

Type of Soil Poor Soil