HSPA & HSPA+ Overview HSDPA Introduction HSUPA Introduction

Contents
1. HSPA & HSPA+ Overview
2. HSDPA Introduction
3. HSUPA Introduction
4. HSPA+ Introduction
Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page58
All the HSPA+ Features in RAN11 and
RAN12
3GPP Version HSPA+ Technology RAN Version
Release 7 Downlink Enhanced L2 RAN 11.0
2x2 MIMO RAN 11.0
Downlink 64QAM RAN 11.0
Downlink Enhanced CELL_FACH RAN 11.0
Operation
Continuous packet connectivity (CPC) RAN 11.0
Uplink 16QAM RAN 12.0
Release 8 Uplink Enhanced L2 RAN 12.0
Downlink MIMO+64QAM RAN 12.0
DC-HSDPA RAN 12.0
HSPA+ Introduced in Huawei Product
HSPA+ Technology RAN Version
Downlink DC-HSDPA+MIMO RAN 13.0
Traffic-Based Activation and Deactivation of RAN 13.0
Secondary Carrier in Dual-Carrier HSDPA
E-DPCCH Boosting RAN 13.0
Enhanced Uplink CELL_FACH RAN 13.0
DC-HSUPA RAN 14.0
DB-HSDPA+MIMO+64QAM RAN 15.0
4C+MIMO+64QAM RAN 15.0
Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA RAN 15.0
Modulation Modes for HSPA+
 Three modulation modes can be used for HS-PDSCH
64QAM allows more bits per Higher peak rate achieved in

Symbol to be transmitted good channel condition
What is MIMO?
 MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
Wireless Channel
…
…
Transmitter Receiver
N M
Channel Condition Feedback
What can MIMO provide?
 2×2 MIMO can increase peak data rate to 28Mbps
Data Stream 1
Wireless Channel
Transmitter Receiver
Data Stream 2
Channel Condition Feedback
Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
 Enhanced CELL_FACH operation
 Enhanced CELL_FACH operation allows the use of HSDPA
technologies for the UEs in the CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, and
URA_PCH state. The purpose is to increase the peak rates in these
states and reduce the signaling transmission delay during service
setup or state transition with the result improving the user
experience.
DL Enhanced L2
 This feature allows Uu L2 to use flexible PDU size on RLC layer
and segmentation on MAC layer. The feature prevents the L2
from becoming the bottleneck of higher Uu rate increased by
MIMO and 64QAM.
 DL enhanced L2 is the precondition of MIMO, 64QAM and

enhanced CELL_FACH operation.
Enhanced L2
 Enhanced L2 allows flexible PDU sizes at the RLC layer and
segmentation at the MAC layer on the Uu interface. The
feature improves the transmission efficiency.
fixed RLC PDU size

Before 336bits 656bits
flexible RLC PDU size
With Enhanced L2
CPC (Continuous Packet Connectivity)
 CPC allows the uplink and downlink transmissions to take place
at periodic intervals. This feature reduces the transmitted
power (and thus increases the UE battery life) because the UE
does not have to monitor and transmit overhead channels
every TTl. This reduction in the transmitted power also helps to
increase the uplink capacity by decreasing the total interference.
This improvement is especially significant when there are users
who transmit data infrequently as VoIP users.
 CPC feature consists of DL DRX, UL DTX and HS-SCCH less
operation.
Release 7 HSPA+ Capable UE Categories
HS-DSCH Supported Modulations Supported Modulations
category Without MIMO with MIMO
Category 13
QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM None
Category 14
Category 15
QPSK and 16QAM QPSK and 16QAM
Category 16
Category 17
QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM QPSK and 16QAM
Category 18
Downlink MIMO with 64QAM
 In RAN12 downlink MIMO and 64QAM can be used
simultaneously by one UE to receive HSDPA data. With this
technology, the theoretical downlink peak rate can reach 42
Mbps.
UE Categories for MIMO with 64QAM
 UE categories 19 and 20 support MIMO with 64QAM.
HS-DSCH Maximum Minimum Maximum Total Supported Supported

category number of inter-TTI number of bits number modulatio modulations
HS-DSCH interval of an HS-DSCH of soft ns without simultaneous
codes transport block channel MIMO with MIMO
received received within bits operation operation
an HS-DSCH TTI
Category
15 1 35280 518400
19
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Category
15 1 42192 518400
20
Prerequisites for MIMO with 64QAM
 Only PS streaming service, PS interactive service or PS
background service can be carried by MIMO, 64QAM or MIMO
with 64QAM.
 The cell supports enhanced L2.
 UE supports MIMO with 64QAM.
 The service is carried by HSDPA.
What is DC-HSDPA (Dual-cell HSDPA)?
 DC-HSDPA allows a UE to set up HSDPA connections with two
inter-frequency time-synchronous cells that have the same
coverage. Theoretically, DC-HSDPA with 64QAM can provide a
peak rate of 42Mbps in the downlink.
DC-HSDPA Basic Concepts
 Anchor carrier: a carrier that carries all the channels, including uplink
dedicated channels, of a UE. Each UE has only one anchor carrier.
 Supplementary carrier: a carrier that carries only three types of

downlink channel of a UE. Each UE has only one supplementary
carrier. The three types of downlink channel are as follows:
 HS-SCCH
 HS-PDSCH
 P-CPICH
Why DC-HSDPA is used?
 DC-HSDPA can improve downlink data rate. The theoretical
peak data rate with DC-HSDPA is 42Mbps.
 DC-HSDPA can reduce time delay for some services such as
HTTP.
 DC-HSDPA can improve the data rate in cell edge and improve
downlink coverage.
 DC-HSDPA can improve the system capacity when downlink
load is unbalanced between different frequencies. The gain is
very obvious in cell edge.
UE categories for DC-HSDPA
 UE categories 21, 22, 23 and 24 support DC-HSDPA.
HS-DSCH Maximum Minimum Maximum Total Supported
category number of inter-TTI number of bits number modulations
HS-DSCH interval of an HS-DSCH of soft with dual
codes transport channel cell
received block received bits operation
within
an HS-DSCH
TTI
Category 21 15 1 23370 345600
QPSK,
Category 22 15 1 27952 345600 16QAM
Category 23 15 1 35280 518400 QPSK,

16QAM,
Category 24 15 1 42192 518400 64QAM
Prerequisites for DC-HSDPA
 Only PS streaming service, PS interactive service or PS
background service can be carried by DC-HSDPA.
 The cell supports downlink enhanced L2.
 UE supports DC-HSDPA.
 The service is carried by HSDPA.
Uplink Enhanced L2
 Uplink enhanced L2 allows flexible PDU sizes at the RLC layer
and segmentation at the MAC layer on the Uu interface. The
feature improves the uplink transmission efficiency.
uplink fixed RLC PDU size

Before R8 336bits 656bits
uplink flexible RLC PDU size
R8
Uplink 16QAM Introduction
 Uplink 16QAM modulates 4 bits/symbol whereas the original
QPSK modulates only 2 bits/symbol. As a result, it doubles the
HSUPA data rate to 11.5Mbps at the physical layer.
HSUPA 16QAM allows more bits per

Symbol to be transmitted
Technical Characteristics
 In the case of 16QAM, a gain is achieved only when the signal-
to-noise ratio (SNR) is high. Therefore, a good channel
environment is required, for example, a cell with good indoor
coverage or micro coverage.
 In comparison with QPSK, a gain is achieved only when 16QAM

is used after the UL rate reaches 4Mbps. Therefore, the UL
16QAM is configured only after the maximum bit rate (MBR)
exceeds 4Mbps.
UE categories for UL 16QAM
 UE category 7 supports UL 16QAM.
E-DCH Maxim Minim Support Maximum number Maximum number

category um um for 10 of bits of an E- of bits of an E-
numbe spread and 2 ms DCH transport DCH transport
r of E- ing TTI EDCH block transmitted block transmitted
DCH factor within a 10 ms E- within a 2 ms E-
codes DCH TTI DCH TTI
transm
itted
Category 7 4 SF2 10ms and 20000 22996
2 ms TTI
DC-HSDPA+MIMO
 DC-HSDPA+MIMO (3GPP R9/ Huawei RAN13)
combines DC-HSDPA and MIMO. It can provides:
 Higher peak date rate
 Higher system capacity
 Better coverage for cell-edge users
 Lower time delay
Main Idea of DC-HSDPA+MIMO
Downlink peak rate

up to 84 Mbit/s
5MHz 5MHz
The two carriers cover Carrier 1

the same area.
The two carriers both Carrier 1 Carrier 2 f
use the multi-antenna
technology. Carrier 2 The two carriers
are adjacent.
Data is sent to the UE

simultaneously over two
adjacent carriers in MIMO
mode.
Application Scenario of DC-HSDPA+MIMO
 DC-HSDPA+MIMO brings the performance gains of DC-HSDPA and
MIMO. In all scenarios, DC-HSDPA sends data simultaneously over dual
carriers, thereby improving the user rate. DC-HSDPA+MIMO applies to
the following scenarios:
 WiFi coverage areas and other hot spots, such as airports and hotels
 Universities and other enclosed places, such as courtyards, halls, and
restaurants
 Stadiums, arts centers, and other surrounded scenarios
 Malls, markets, and other densely populated areas
 Residential areas where the operator can use the feature as a substitute for
DSL/cables to provide broadband Internet access
Adaptation Requirements: UE Capability
 The following table shows the UE categories supporting DC-

HSDPA+MIMO.
Supported Modulations
Maximum
HS-DSCH Simultaneous with Dual
Number of HS- TB Size
Category Cell and MIMO
DSCH Codes
Operation
Category 25 15 23370
QPSK, 16QAM
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Purpose of E-DPCCH Boosting
 This feature improves the multipath search and channel
estimation performance during high-speed data transmission.
With this feature the maximum uplink user throughput over
HSUPA increases to 11Mbit/s.
 While ensuring QoS, this feature increases the uplink capacity

over HSUPA by minimizing the load overhead on each uplink
channel.
Main Idea of E-DPCCH Boosting
DC-HSUPA Introduction
 DC-HSUPA is a 3GPP defined technology that combines the multi-
carrier technology and HSUPA in the uplink. DC-HSUPA significantly
increases the uplink rate, greatly improving user experience.
Adjacent Carrier
E-DCH F2
E-DCH F1
UE(Cat8,9)
NodeB
DC-HSUPA
DC-HSUPA Principles
 DC-HSUPA allows a UE to transmit data simultaneously on two uplink
adjacent carriers that provide the same coverage.
Improvements
 DC-HSUPA has the following improvements compared to SC-HSUPA:
 Higher user throughput
 Reduced delay of best effort (BE) services
 The improvements help operators maintain a competitive edge by

providing a better user experience and higher network service quality.
 DC-HSUPA is currently used for high-speed packet switched (PS)

streaming services and BE services.
Channel Mapping
 In DC-HSUPA operations, two E-DCH transport channels and two HS-
DSCH transport channels need to be configured for the UE because
DC-HSUPA requires that DC-HSDPA be used in the downlink.
UE Categories
 In 3GPP Release 9, E-DCH categories 8 and 9 are introduced to
support DC-HSUPA
Maximum
Maximum Number of Bits High Order
Number of E- Minimum Support for of an E-DCH Modulation
Max Bit
Category DCH Codes Spreading 10 and 2 ms Transport Block Capability of
Rate
Transmitted per Factor TTI E-DCH Transmitted UE in Dual-
Transport Block Within a 2 ms Carrier Mode
E-DCH TTI
11.5
8 4 SF2 2 ms TTI 11484 -
Mbit/s
Uplink
9 4 SF2 2 ms TTI 22996 23 Mbit/s
16QAM
HSPA+ in 3GPP R10/ Huawei RAN15
1. DB-HSDPA+MIMO+64QAM
2. 4C+MIMO+64QAM
3. Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA
DB-HSDPA
 The DB-HSDPA feature enables a UE to simultaneously establish
HSDPA connections in two inter-band co-coverage cells. The two cells
form a DB-HSDPA cell group
DB-HSDPA Cell Group
 The two cells in a DB-HSDPA cell group must meet all of
the following requirements:
Restrictions
The two cells operate in different frequency bands and the
1 bandwidth does not exceed 5 MHz. The combination of the
frequency bands must comply with those listed in next page
The two cells belong to the same sector of a NodeB and have the
2
same coverage
3 The two cells are in the same downlink resource group of a NodeB
The two cells have the same time offset (specified by the TCELL
4
parameter)
5 The two cells support HSDPA and Downlink Enhanced L2
DB-HSDPA Frequency Bands
Uplink Downlink
DB-HSDPA Combination of Frequency
Frequency Frequency
Configuration Bands
Band Band
1 I + VIII (2100 MHz + 900 MHz) I or VIII I and VIII
2 II + IV (1900 MHz + AWS) II or IV II and IV
3 I + V (2100 MHz + 850 MHz) I or V I and V
4 I + XI (2100 MHz + 1500 MHz) I or XI I and XI
5 II + V (1900 MHz + 850 MHz) II or V II and V
Benefits of DB-HSDPA
 Support dual band
 Increase single-user throughput
28 Mbit/s without 64QAM
Single-user
42 Mbit/s with 64QAM
DB-HSDPA + MIMO
 In RAN15.0, the DB-HSDPA+MIMO feature supports the

following configurations:
 Only one carrier in a DB-HSDPA cell group is configured to support
MIMO. The theoretical peak rate of this configuration is 63 Mbit/s
 Both carriers in a DB-HSDPA cell group are configured to support

MIMO. The theoretical peak rate of this configuration is 84 Mbit/s
Benefits of DB-HSDPA + MIMO
 Increased single-user peak rate
 Compare with DB-HSDPA or single carrier MIMO, DB-HSDPA +
MIMO increase single-user peak rate
 Without 64QAM: from 28 Mbit/s to 56 Mbit/s
 With 64QAM: from 42 Mbit/s to 84 Mbit/s
 Increased cell capacity

 According to simulation results, system throughput is increased by
about 10%-20%
4C-HSDPA+MIMO
 The basic principles of 4C-HSDPA+MIMO are the same as those of 4C-
HSDPA
 4C-HSDPA+MIMO allows a combination of 4C-HSDPA and

MIMO+64QAM. 4C-HSDPA+MIMO uses a maximum of four carriers
enabled with MIMO+64QAM for the HSDPA transmission of a UE,
which increases the UE data rate and system resource utilization
Combination of Frequency Bands and
Frequencies
 3GPP limits on the frequency bands and frequencies that can
be used by 4C-HSDPA
4C-HSDPA configuration in single-band scenarios
4C-HSDPA Configuration Number of Downlink

Operating Band
in Single-Band Scenario Carriers
I-3 I 3
Combination of Frequency Bands and
Frequencies (Cont.)
4C-HSDPA configuration in dualband scenarios
4C-HSDPA Number of Number of

Configuration in Uplink Downlink Downlink Downlink Downlink
Dualband Band Band A Carriers in Band B Carriers in
Scenarios Band A Band B
I-2-VIII-1 I or VIII I 2 VIII 1
I-3-VIII-1 I or VIII I 3 VIII 1
II-1-IV-2 II or IV II 1 IV 2
I-1-V-2 I or V I 1 V 2
I-2-V-1 I or V I 2 V 1
Primary and Secondary Cells
 A 4C-HSDPA UE has a maximum of four serving cells
Band B F4 Secondary cell 3rd

F3 Secondary cell 2nd
F2 Secondary cell 1st
Band A F1 Primary cell
UE
NodeB
Multi-Carrier Cell Group
 4C-HSDPA requires three or four inter-frequency co-coverage
cells. These cells are configured as a multi-carrier cell group on
the NodeB side
 A multi-carrier cell group must meet the following conditions:
 One cell can belong to only one multi-carrier cell group
 A multi-carrier cell group consists of a maximum of four cells
Requirements for 4C-HSDPA Cells
 4C-HSDPA cells in a multi-carrier cell group must meet all of the
following conditions:
 They must belong to the same sector of a NodeB
 They must have the same time offset (specified by the Tcell
parameter)
 One cell can belong to only one multi-carrier cell group
4C-HSDPA+MIMO Cells
 4C-HSDPA+MIMO cells have 4C-HSDPA and MIMO enabled.
When a UE uses a 4C-HSDPA+MIMO RB, the UE uses MIMO
only in the 4C-HSDPA cell that has MIMO enabled. When
64QAM+MIMO is enabled, the Primary/Secondary common
Pilot (PSP) mode is recommended, that is, a P-CPICH and an S-
CPICH must be configured
Channel Mapping
CQI Feedback
 Relationship between the number and MIMO capability of 4C-
HSDPA cells and the spreading factor used by the HS-DPCCH
Spreading Factor Used by the

Scenario
HS-DPCCH
3C-HSDPA (without MIMO) SF256
3C-HSDPA (with MIMO) SF128
4C-HSDPA (with or without MIMO) SF128
4C-HSDPA+MIMO RB
 4C-HSDPA+MIMO applies to the same types of services as 4C-HSDP
HSPA+ Peak Downlink Rate

Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4
Technology (Mbit/s)
4C-HSDPA+MIMO 168
4C-HSDPA+MIMO 4C-HSDPA 147

4C-HSDPA+MIMO
3C-HSDPA+MIMO - 126
3C-HSDPA+MIMO 3C-HSDPA+MIMO 3C-HSDPA - 105
3C-HSDPA+MIMO 3C-HSDPA - 84
UE Categories
HS-DSCH Category 29 30 31 32
Maximum Number of HS-DSCH
Codes Received
15 15 15 15
Minimum Inter-TTI Interval 1 1 1 1

Maximum Number of Bits of an
HS-DSCH Transport Block 42,192 42,192 42,192 42,192
Received Within an HS-DSCH TTI
Total Number of Soft Channel
Bits
777,600 1,555,200 1,036,800 2,073,600
Total Number of Downlink
Carriers
3 3 4 4
Total Number of Downlink
Carriers That Are Configured with 0 3 0 4
MIMO
Supported Modulations Without
QPSK/16QAM/ QPSK/16QAM/ QPSK/16QAM/ QPSK/16QAM/
MIMO Operation with
Aggregated Carriers 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM
Supported Modulations with
QPSK/16QAM QPSK/16QAM
MIMO Operation and Aggregated - -
Carriers 64QAM 64QAM
Network Impacts
 System Capacity
 4C-HSDPA slightly increases the cell load in the uplink. The cell load
increase is represented by an increase in the uplink RTWP
 4C-HSDPA UEs consume one CE more than SC-HSDPA UEs
 A baseband processing board supports more SC-HSDPA UEs than 4C-

HSDPA UEs
 Network Performance
 Increased single-user downlink throughput
 Deteriorated uplink cell edge coverage
Requirement of License
 The license for 4C-HSDPA has been activated on the NodeB
side
Feature ID Feature Name License Control Item NE Sales Unit
WRFD-150207 4C-HSDPA 4C-HSDPA (per Cell) NodeB Per Cell
Example of Cell Group
 Example of cell group configuration with and without the

Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA feature
Multi-Carrier HSDPA Technologies
Supported
 The Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA feature supports the following multi-carrier
HSDPA technologies:
 DC-HSDPA or DC-HSDPA+MIMO
 DB-HSDPA or DB-HSDPA+MIMO
 4C-HSDPA or 4C-HSDPA+MIMO
 The Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA feature flexibly allocates different DC-

HSDPA, DB-HSDPA, and 4C-HSDPA groups to different UEs
Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA
 Example of using the Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA feature and multi-carrier
HSDPA technologies together
Cell HSPA+ Capability
 Cells in a multi-carrier cell group must have the Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA
feature enabled
 If cells in a multi-carrier cell group operate in two different frequency

bands, all the cells in the group must have either the DB-HSDPA or
DB-HSDPA+MIMO feature enabled
 In a multi-carrier cell group, cells in the same frequency band must

have either the DC-HSDPA or DC-HSDPA+MIMO feature enabled
 Cells that require the 4C-HSDPA feature in a multi-carrier cell group

must have either the 4C-HSDPA or 4C-HSDPA+MIMO feature enabled
Benefits
 The Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA feature dynamically uses
instantaneous idle resources in a cell, increasing the UE
data rate and system capacity. In the case of three carriers,
this feature increases the UE data rate by about 20%
when UEs are processing burst services
Impacts on DC-HSUPA
 The Flexible DC/DB-HSDPA feature does not affect the
configuration of DC-HSUPA
DC-HSUPA F1 DC-HSDPA
Group Group
DC-HSDPA
F2 Group
DC-HSDPA
Group
F3
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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Contents

1. HSPA & HSPA+ Overview

64QAM allows more bits per Higher peak rate achieved in

Channel Condition Feedback

Channel Condition Feedback

 DL enhanced L2 is the precondition of MIMO, 64QAM and

fixed RLC PDU size

flexible RLC PDU size

HS-DSCH Maximum Minimum Maximum Total Supported Supported

 The cell supports enhanced L2.

 UE supports MIMO with 64QAM.

 The service is carried by HSDPA.

 Supplementary carrier: a carrier that carries only three types of

Category 23 15 1 35280 518400 QPSK,

 The cell supports downlink enhanced L2.

 The service is carried by HSDPA.

uplink fixed RLC PDU size

uplink flexible RLC PDU size

HSUPA 16QAM allows more bits per

 In comparison with QPSK, a gain is achieved only when 16QAM

E-DCH Maxim Minim Support Maximum number Maximum number

 Higher system capacity

 Better coverage for cell-edge users

 Lower time delay

Downlink peak rate

The two carriers cover Carrier 1

Data is sent to the UE

 The following table shows the UE categories supporting DC-

 While ensuring QoS, this feature increases the uplink capacity

 Reduced delay of best effort (BE) services

 The improvements help operators maintain a competitive edge by

 DC-HSUPA is currently used for high-speed packet switched (PS)

1 I + VIII (2100 MHz + 900 MHz) I or VIII I and VIII

2 II + IV (1900 MHz + AWS) II or IV II and IV

3 I + V (2100 MHz + 850 MHz) I or V I and V

4 I + XI (2100 MHz + 1500 MHz) I or XI I and XI

5 II + V (1900 MHz + 850 MHz) II or V II and V

 Increase single-user throughput

28 Mbit/s without 64QAM

 In RAN15.0, the DB-HSDPA+MIMO feature supports the

 Both carriers in a DB-HSDPA cell group are configured to support

 With 64QAM: from 42 Mbit/s to 84 Mbit/s

 Increased cell capacity

 4C-HSDPA+MIMO allows a combination of 4C-HSDPA and

4C-HSDPA configuration in single-band scenarios

4C-HSDPA Configuration Number of Downlink

4C-HSDPA Number of Number of

Band B F4 Secondary cell 3rd

 One cell can belong to only one multi-carrier cell group

Spreading Factor Used by the

3C-HSDPA (with MIMO) SF128

4C-HSDPA (with or without MIMO) SF128

HSPA+ Peak Downlink Rate

4C-HSDPA+MIMO 4C-HSDPA 147

4C-HSDPA+MIMO 4C-HSDPA 105

3C-HSDPA+MIMO 3C-HSDPA+MIMO 3C-HSDPA - 105

Minimum Inter-TTI Interval 1 1 1 1

 4C-HSDPA UEs consume one CE more than SC-HSDPA UEs

 A baseband processing board supports more SC-HSDPA UEs than 4C-

 Deteriorated uplink cell edge coverage

Feature ID Feature Name License Control Item NE Sales Unit

WRFD-150207 4C-HSDPA 4C-HSDPA (per Cell) NodeB Per Cell

 Example of cell group configuration with and without the