INFOTMATION ORDER The link between clear, logical organization - effective communication is powerful, both for the "sender' and the "receiver." For the writer, a well-organized outline Be information serves as a blue print for action. It provides” focus and direction as the writer composes the document, — which helps to ensure that the stated purpose is fulfilled. For the reader, clear organization greatly enhances the ease with which one can-understand and remember the information being presented. People seek out patterns to help — make sense of information. When the reader is not able to find a pattern that makes sense, chaos and confusion abound. Effective communication, then, begins with a clearly organized set of ideas following a logical, consistent pattern. Thus. one of the. most important decisions a writer makes anization that is used to structure most commonly used concerns the pattern of ¢ and order information. The se patterns of organization are described below. 4, Chronological Patterns . Chronclogical order arranges information according to time. In composition and speech, chronological orderis@ f ization in which actions or évents aie method of orgé , presented as they occur or occurred in time and ean also be called time or Jinear order Narrative is made of successive events. Not necessarily in the order they occurred. Narrative is the order _ aut usually have no dates, “A ey through time, and all of the are arranged in order of time; therefore, every story middle, and end. Even if an author uses ks, flash-forwards, or otherwise manipulates the his or her text, the events still occur along a timeline, S require the passage of time: therefore, all stories are ed chronologically. Sometimes time will stop in a ive. Certain passages in a story may focus on escribing scenes or spaces, and use a descriptive or spatail d of organization. A spatial pattern of organization arranges ion according to how things fit together in physical p . where one thing exists in relation to another. This ittern works well when a writer wishes to create a mental ure of something which has various parts distinguished physical location. Topics involving geography, for le, are often best organized using a spatial pattern. 3 The conflict of a story may be discussed in terms of n and solution or cause and effect, but the text in a ry is still mainly organized chronologically.Chronological Ord Rode bike Woke up late to school Got ready oun eee 2. Stages of a Process A Every writer follows his or her own writing proces: Often the process is a routine that comes naturally and is no a step-by-step guide to which writers refer. Being consciou of your own writing process is especially helpful when find yourself struggling with a particularly tricky piece. Here are five sleps towards creating or identifying your person writing process. ¢ a i. Prewriting You're ready to start writing. So why has that page been staring back at you for the past hour? Prewriti identifies everything you need to do before you sit down to start your rough draft. e a. Find your Idea ; Ideas are all around you. You might draw inspiratio from a routine, an’ everyday situation or a childhoo memory. Alternatively, keep a notebook specifically devote to catching your ideas as they come to you. Your oF imagination is the only limit to finding your source @ inspiration. 2 b. Build on your Idea 4 Two of the most popular methods of fleshing ¢ your idea are free writing and brainstorming. Free will means writing every idea that comes into your head. D 0! Stop to edit your mistakes, just let the ideas flow. O%“ve your plan and you're ready to start Remember, this is your fin tosh drat. Forget word count and grammar. Don’t worry if you stray off in places; even the greatest writers. produce multiple dr fis, before they Produce their finished manuscript. Think this stage as a free writing exercise, just with more Your story can change a great deal during this stage. revising their work, many writers naturally adopt the (Add). R (Rearrange). R. (Remove) R. (Replace) approach: Rearrange . | Consider the flow, pacing and sequencing of your ‘Story. Would the plot be better served if some of the events Occur in a different order? ¢. Remove‘i ee cced to eliminate overload? quite fit. The most effective way to pe as ini friends or fel ‘ond opinion. Ask cog , ied give you feedback, and if something’ rewrite it and replace it. . . Editin ~~ . You have overhauled your story. It’s time t your manuscript line by line. Check for p grammar, spelling and punctuation. Editing is detailed ee ind its best when pei profession. v. Publishing 5 Yc * have a completed manuseript publish, © your book is published, e accomplishnient knowing you've achieved a goal Sequer i ' process writing. sometimes called, when rmation in @ pf organized by the order in which it occurs, This | Organizing text is generally used for ing directions, but it can also be used to explain pro such as how a president is elected, Sequential organization is frequently con chronological order. To turther confound Sometimes people refer to chronological chronological sequence But there is a key d distinguishes the wo patterns: texts chronologically occur ala specific time and se texts describing Processes or sequences do not specific time and place, To elaborate, if I 1 came home a i nature or society,e chronologically ordered texts, information organized ntially does not occur at any specific time but, rather, ytime. i | Words: First, next, before, lastly, then sample: How to Make Cookies. First, get your materials. make your dough. Lastly, cook your dough at 400 VERSA - In composition, general-to-specific order is a method developing a paragraph, essay, or speech by moving from a broad observation about a topic to specific details in upport of that topic. General-to-specific order (Deductive od of Organization), is more commonly used than the, e method, specific-to-general order (inductive method of Organization). ; . Steps for General-to-Specific Order 5 is strategy is effective in cause/effect, comparison/ t, classification, and argumentation essays).‘pattern to use when the reader can better underst persuasive stance. This allows the reader to weigh botl of an issue. As with the compare-contrast pattern, there number of possible variations. to an advanta disadvantages pattern. The simplest form of this patten shown below. ¥ Suppose, for example. that a writer's stated pi to describe the advantages and disadvantages of atten two-year college. One way to arrange the information is divide it into two main sections, one for the advantages one for the disadvantages: In this scenario, the infor contained within each main section will represent th specific topics of analysis (cost, accessibility, etc). vi. Comparison and Contrast A compare and contrast pattern arranges info! according to how two or more things are similar different from one another (or both). This is an effec subject when it is described in relation to another. : If the reader is familiar with one topic, the compare or contrast it with another topic to shed it. For example, suppose a wriier's stated purpose is 196 aia important to remember that en “he seontfare sttext structure the text should be discussing and differences. If the text only discusses ses ways that the things are different, it is only ing. The text must do both to be considered compare trast. Example: Apples and oranges are both fruits, sh means that they have seeds inside of them. Each has a but orange skins are thick and easy to peel. Apple skins er and do not peel easily. Oranges also contain more apples, but both fruits are. delicious. Compare and Contrast ‘Apples and Oranges| Alike , Different 4. Oranges have 4, Both fruits 1,0 2. Have skin 2 Apple hae : 3. Healthy thinner skin _ Identifying when the writer is comparing and sting is usually not difficult because ‘the speaker will back and forth between two subjects and this pattern ally pretty easy to recognize. However, here are signal words that may indicate that the text is written ies, it is only comparing. Likewise, if it only -.attempted solution). The problem and solution t may seem like it would be easy to recognize, but it moderately difficult to identify because it is confused with the cause and effect pattern of orgé they both have relational structures; however, if you passage and look specifically for both a problem a solution to the problem, you should find it pretty & distinguish from cause and effect, as cause and ¢€ passages do not propose solutions to any neg occurrences within the passage but rather just explain. how they happen. Example: It seems like there has surge in teen pregnancies these days. Teen pregnancies it very difficult for young mothers to pursue their dreams t meet the demands of an infant. Fortunately, most | pregnancies can be easily prevented by using birth cont however, even birth control is not 100% effective. The effective way to prevent teen pregnancies is a which is 100% effective Problem and Solution