Academic Writing Assessment 2

This assessment involves answering 3 short-answer questions. Short-answer questions test basic
knowledge and understanding. Given the responses are short in length (around 300 words per
question), you need to make sure your response is completely on-task, relevant to the question, and
importantly, answers the question. Anything tangential or peripheral to answering the question is
just ‘wasted words’, which is something you don’t want to be doing particularly given the relatively
small word count allocated for each question.

Word count: 900 words minimum.

Academic References: Minimum 6

Referencing Style: Harvard

Total marks of assignment: 25

 Relevance to the topic and connecting all answers with the provided reference: 8 marks
 Spelling, punctuation and grammar: 5 marks
 Understanding of the topic and the questions: 8 marks
 Referencing: 4 marks

Deadline: 1st May (Before 11.59 p.m.)

Before researching the answer to each question, it is a good idea to get a sense of exactly what the
question is asking you to do. One approach is to identify the ‘task words’ contained within each
question. For example, Question 1, 2 and 3 ask you to ‘discuss’, which means:

- discuss – investigate or examine by argument. Examine key points and possible

interpretations, sift and debate, giving reasons for and against. Draw a conclusion.

It is important to ensure you do exactly what the task word is asking. For example, if you are asked
to discuss something but you only define it, then you haven’t really answered the question (and
unfortunately, your grade will be affected).

1
Question 1 – Discuss how the rights of citizens and the police are ‘balanced’ during a police
investigation.

In the process of carrying out that work, the police intend to discover those who have broken laws
and deal with them afterward. so that they know of their jurisdiction and obey laws and regulations
when taking action, thus, law enforcement officers must be aware of their powers and uphold their
laws and regulations. Before making some further decision, determining policy, deciding, or
committing yourself to a course of action, you must see how far you've gone in all directions. The
theory integrates the idea that the police must operate within the population's will or be pressured
by the population to change their behavior. Criminal justice administration and teaching officers are
not only expected to assist all officers in crime prevention but to ensure that even those below them
understand the role and function of criminal justice administration (Stanley, 2015.). You still have
all of the duties there is typically more than one responsible for mismanagement. "Be responsive to
those above you and, and hold yourself accountable to those below you in rank,”

Question 2 – Discuss the reasons why there are ‘new’ institutions that have expanded conventional
forms of police investigation (e.g. ACC, ICAC, ASIC, etc.).

As part of the change, people are covered as a side effect that is a result in greater participation of
government in police departments, the fact that governance is not being exclusively done by the
police is important. It is open to question whether or not whether authorities are the primary
suppliers of this data. It seems that the police gradually, almost imperceptibly expanded. Def. nice
forces other than the state took the lead in the area of security, while several non-state groups, most
notably NGOs, provided security for civilians. We live in a modern world with increased police
presence and an era defined by new methods of policing. the times in New York City are unlike
anything we've seen before. Although helping to reorganize the police department, it is as good as
completely transforming the method of working (Joh, 2016).

And what reason?

Since there are more cities than the rest of the United States have police forces, the majority of
state police forces are excessed. Investing in the same countries happens for the most part to be
common. In most any state and city administration, there is little money available to spend on
activities that have anything other than a purely transitory impact on crime and security. And as

2
many countries face economic and financial hardship, police service issues worldwide are getting
more attention than ever before (Ericson and Haggerty, 2018)

Question 3 – Discuss the function and importance of discretion.

The issue of discretion is compounded by the potential shifts in societal standards. This allows both
the sentencing and legislative/institutional justice systems to fluctuate from different perspectives
on whether new crimes are seen as severe enough to merit reforming or whether large social mores
changes are considered undesirable (Smith & Holmes, 2003).

Discretion is the capacity to differentiate what is important from anything else When we do not
have the freedom to decide, we seem to make a multitude of errors. Mistakes like this can end up
costing you in the long run. A straightforward error due to lack of professionalism or due to
carelessness may result in dispute or confusion. Humanity is neither the exclusive nor the realm of
discretion. Many who think about a lot of things intellectually are often usually choose to use their
head rather than their heart to get their issues resolved. Some animals can make correct decisions
about whether to eat, who find out who their foes and allies are, and tell others apart based on their
survival instincts (Christie 1986). A great deal of freedom of authority falls into being when you are
born. If the mind is full of impulses and interests and attachments, so it's impossible to get an
objective picture of the situation. If your judgment is clouded by their misleading behavior, your
understanding will be distorted, so you might be incorrect rather than realistic about the true state of
affairs. You must be capable of maintaining discretion. It is caused by the clarity of thought, which
is what leads to your levels of consciousness. A more evolved state of mind and body, the more
intelligent you will be and the better you will be your ability to make choices.

References:

 Christie, G.C., 1986. An essay on discretion. Duke LJ, p.747.

 Ericson, R.V. and Haggerty, K.D., 2018. Policing the risk society. University of Toronto
Press.
 Joh, E.E., 2016. The new surveillance discretion: automated suspicion, big data, and
policing. Harv. L. & Pol'y Rev., 10, p.15.
 Smith, B.W. and Holmes, M.D., 2003. Community accountability, minority threat, and
police brutality: An examination of civil rights criminal complaints. Criminology, 41(4),
pp.1035-1064.
 Stanley, J., 2015. Police body-mounted cameras: With right policies in place, a win for
all. American Civil Liberties Union.
3
BEST OF LUCK!!