Word “Computer” – to compute- to perform basic arithmetic operations

History of computer hardware

 Fingers and toes to perform basic arithmetic calculations (so the computers were toes and fingers
😉)
 Then started using objects (bones, sticks, rocks) to calculate beyond what was possible with toes
and fingers available with a human body
 That’s why word ‘calculate’ was derived from latin word “calculus” which means “small stone”
 These calculuses/ small stones were then arranged the first ever computing device called Abacus
 Charles Babbage is considered the father of modern computers. He presented the idea of Analytical
engine. However, it was never built but the idea set foundation for other scientists.
 Thus the first electronic digital computer ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was
built. It could perform 5000 operation per second. But it was too large and could only perform one
function at a time.
 It was in 1980s when Apple started producing Apple Mac and IBM started selling IBM PC. So it was
the time when computers were actually offered to final consumers for personal use.

Types of computer systems

Five types of computers
 Super computers
 (FLOPS/Floating point operations per second
 used in weather forecasting/ scientific research etc.)
 Mainframe computers
 (MIPS/ Millions of instructions per second
 used by corporation, Govt. and banks to store large amount of data)
 Minicomputers
 (like the servers to support upto 200 users at a time and is the size of a refrigerator)
 GHz
 Microcomputers
 One user at a time
 (used in houses like desktop pcs, gaming consoles, Smart TVs)
 Mobile computers (Portable computers like Laptops, Notebooks, Netbooks, Tablets, 2in1,
Smartphones, Phablets, Portable media players, Calculator, Smart watches)

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Components of a computer system

 Input devices: Keyboard, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphone, camera, fingerprint sensor,
pen, pointing stick, scanner, OCR
 Processing unit: Processor, Memory/RAM, Storage/HDD/SSD/SD card, Optical media, Graphics card,
Mainboard
 Output devices: Display/Monitor (CRT)/LCD, Printer, Speakers, Multimedia projector
RFID (Radio frequency identification) used for collecting data such as employees’ attendance. A similar
purpose is performed by Biometric system. Iris scanner can also be used for similar purpose.

Difference between core i3, core i5 and core i7