Mempelajari respon struktur

akibat beban SINUSOIDAL

 RESPON STRUKTUR TERHADAP
BEBAN HARMONIC

m
P0

2
T


Keseimbangan dinamis:
M . X "C. X ' KX  P0 Sint
TINJAU KASUS TANPA REDAMAN (C  0)
M . X " KX  P0 Sint .......... .......... .........(1)
Keterangan :
  frekuensi getaran sudut beban
Solusi persamaan gerak dinamis di atas adalah :
X (t )  X C  X p ......................................(2)
X c disebut solusi komplementer (pengaruh getaran bebas)
X p disebut solusi partikular (pengaruh beban kerja)
X c  A.Sint  B.Cost .........................(3)
X p  G.Sint ..........................................(4)
Turunkan pers.(4) dua kali dan masukan ke (1)
akan diperoleh :
P0 1
G . .........................................(5)
K 1  2


di mana :   .......................................(6)

Masukan pers.(5) ke (4) dan bersama pers. (3)
masukan ke pers. (2), didapat :
P0 1
X (t )  ASin  t  BCos  t 
. Sin t ....( 7 )
K 1  2

Jika beban Harmonik bekerja pada sistem dalam

keadaan diam :
X ( t  0 )  X 0  0 dan
X '( t  0 )  X '0  0 akan diperoleh :
P  1
A   0 . dan
 K  1 
2

B  0 sehingga

X (t ) 
P0 1
Sin t   sin  t .......... .......( 8)
K 1  2
Rasio Respon :
X (t )
R(t )  X (t ) 
X ( statis) P0
K
R(t ) 
1
Sint  Sint  ....................(9)
1  2

MPF* X(statis)
 * MPF * X ( statis)

T  2 T  2
 
Pengaruh Beban Pengaruh Getaran Bebas
Transient Response Steady State Response

RESPON GABUNGAN
Jika beban Harmonik bekerja pada sistem yang
tidak diam :
X (t  0)  X 0
X '( t  0 )  X '0
Jika kondisi awal di atas dimasukan ke pers. (7)
diperoleh :
B  X0
X' P  
A 0  0
  
K 1   2  
Sehingga solusi lengkap menjadi :
X' P  
X(t)   0  0 Sin  t  X 0 Cos  t
  K 1    2 

P 1
 0 Sin  t .......... .......... .......... .......... ...( 10 )
K 1  2
 Beban Fungsi COSINUS Beban Fungsi SINUS
t (det) X-A X-B X-TOT t(det) X-A X-B X-TOT
0.000 3.774 -3.774 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.020 3.698 -3.247 0.451 0.020 0.750 -0.657 0.093
0.040 3.476 -1.815 1.661 0.040 1.470 -1.130 0.339
0.060 3.114 0.124 3.238 0.060 2.131 -1.288 0.842
0.080 2.629 2.028 4.657 0.080 2.707 -1.087 1.620
0.100 2.039 3.366 5.405 0.100 3.175 -0.583 2.593
0.120 1.367 3.765 5.133 0.120 3.517 0.084 3.602
0.140 0.641 3.114 3.756 0.140 3.719 0.728 4.447
0.160 -0.110 1.594 1.484 0.160 3.772 1.168 4.940
0.180 -0.857 -0.370 -1.228 0.180 3.675 1.283 4.958
0.200 -1.570 -2.232 -3.802 0.200 3.431 1.039 4.471
0.220 -2.221 -3.471 -5.691 0.220 3.051 0.506 3.557
0.240 -2.783 -3.741 -6.524 0.240 2.549 -0.168 2.380
0.260 -3.234 -2.968 -6.202 0.260 1.945 -0.796 1.149
0.280 -3.556 -1.367 -4.923 0.280 1.264 -1.201 0.063
0.300 -3.736 0.615 -3.120 0.300 0.533 -1.272 -0.739
0.320 -3.767 2.426 -1.341 0.320 -0.220 -0.987 -1.207
0.340 -3.648 3.560 -0.088 0.340 -0.964 -0.427 -1.392
0.360 -3.384 3.701 0.317 0.360 -1.670 0.252 -1.418
0.380 -2.985 2.809 -0.176 0.380 -2.309 0.861 -1.448
0.400 -2.467 1.134 -1.333 0.400 -2.856 1.229 -1.626
0.420 -1.850 -0.858 -2.708 0.420 -3.289 1.255 -2.034
0.440 -1.160 -2.610 -3.770 0.440 -3.591 0.931 -2.660
0.460 -0.423 -3.634 -4.058 0.460 -3.750 0.347 -3.403
0.480 0.330 -3.645 -3.315 0.480 -3.759 -0.334 -4.093
0.500 1.070 -2.638 -1.568 0.500 -3.619 -0.922 -4.540
0.520 1.768 -0.896 0.872 0.520 -3.334 -1.252 -4.586
0.540 2.395 1.097 3.492 0.540 -2.916 -1.233 -4.149
0.560 2.927 2.783 5.710 0.560 -2.382 -0.870 -3.253
0.580 3.342 3.693 7.035 0.580 -1.753 -0.265 -2.018
0.600 3.623 3.573 7.196 0.600 -1.054 0.415 -0.640
0.620 3.761 2.456 6.216 0.620 -0.314 0.979 0.665
0.640 3.748 0.654 4.402 0.640 0.440 1.269 1.709
0.660 3.586 -1.331 2.255 0.660 1.176 1.206 2.382
0.680 3.281 -2.944 0.337 0.680 1.865 0.806 2.671
0.700 2.845 -3.736 -0.891 0.700 2.479 0.182 2.661
0.720 2.296 -3.486 -1.190 0.720 2.995 -0.494 2.501
0.740 1.655 -2.263 -0.608 0.740 3.391 -1.031 2.360
0.760 0.948 -0.409 0.539 0.760 3.653 -1.281 2.371
0.780 0.204 1.559 1.763 0.780 3.768 -1.174 2.594
0.800 -0.549 3.092 2.543 0.800 3.733 -0.739 2.995
0.820 -1.280 3.763 2.483 0.820 3.550 -0.098 3.452
 Respon Beban Harmonis
(Beban Fungsi SINUS, C=0)
6.000

4.000

2.000
Perpindahan (cm)

pengaruh beban
0.000
0.000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600 pengaruh getaran bebas
RESPON SISTEM

-2.000

-4.000

-6.000
Waktu(detik)
 
t(det)
0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.99
A 3.367003 3.663004 4.444444 6.535948 17.54386 167.5042
`ω 2.9277 8.783101 14.6385 20.4939 26.3493 28.98423
 
t(det)
0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.99
A 3.367003 3.663004 4.444444 6.535948 17.54386 167.5042
`ω 2.9277 8.783101 14.6385 20.4939 26.3493 28.98423
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.020 0.011 0.033 0.055 0.076 0.097 0.107
0.040 0.083 0.248 0.409 0.563 0.708 0.769
0.060 0.258 0.762 1.237 1.663 2.025 2.164
0.080 0.540 1.579 2.501 3.240 3.753 3.903
0.100 0.900 2.586 3.947 4.830 5.162 5.132
0.120 1.281 3.584 5.175 5.783 5.377 4.911
0.140 1.617 4.350 5.762 5.499 3.779 2.698
0.160 1.857 4.711 5.408 3.678 0.358 -1.271
0.180 1.979 4.595 4.042 0.481 -4.137 -5.892
0.200 2.000 4.056 1.865 -3.446 -8.337 -9.495
0.220 1.969 3.254 -0.699 -7.120 -10.680 -10.439
0.240 1.948 2.404 -3.118 -9.494 -9.972 -7.804
0.260 1.996 1.704 -4.898 -9.776 -5.897 -1.897
0.280 2.144 1.275 -5.726 -7.696 0.726 5.668
0.300 2.390 1.120 -5.548 -3.618 8.071 12.387
0.320 2.694 1.129 -4.567 1.517 13.810 15.698
0.340 2.995 1.122 -3.167 6.444 15.857 13.940
0.360 3.230 0.912 -1.776 9.917 13.108 7.088
0.380 3.353 0.376 -0.729 11.058 5.926 -3.039
0.400 3.356 -0.501 -0.166 9.608 -3.832 -13.233
0.420 3.263 -1.613 -0.005 5.987 -13.287 -19.910
0.440 3.129 -2.764 0.009 1.170 -19.398 -20.367
0.460 3.019 -3.728 0.193 -3.603 -19.941 -13.838
0.480 2.985 -4.316 0.793 -7.178 -14.309 -1.950
0.500 3.052 -4.440 1.875 -8.801 -3.821 11.640
0.520 3.206 -4.136 3.281 -8.293 8.560 22.364
0.540 3.401 -3.550 4.664 -6.055 19.072 26.277
0.560 3.573 -2.888 5.594 -2.892 24.310 21.497
0.580 3.662 -2.349 5.699 0.264 22.333 9.016
0.600 3.632 -2.055 4.791 2.644 13.362 -7.433
0.620 3.483 -2.016 2.947 3.851 -0.171 -22.478
0.640 3.251 -2.129 0.498 3.927 -14.284 -30.865
0.660 2.996 -2.213 -2.055 3.267 -24.631 -29.287
0.680 2.781 -2.078 -4.182 2.415 -27.850 -17.654
0.700 2.653 -1.589 -5.472 1.832 -22.660 0.680
 BEBAN HARMONIS C  0
persamaan keseimbang an :
M . X " C . X ' K . X  P0 Sin  t
P0
X " 2 X ' 2 X  Sin  t .......... (11)
M
Solusi Complement er  makin lama makin kecil

X C ( t )  e  t  A.Sin  t  B.Cos  t 

 respon maks. pada deti - detik awal
pada saat beban belum efektip bekerja

Dalam waktu yang panjang

pengaruh respon struktur makin
kecil, jadi dapat diabaikan
 Karena ada  (damping) maka
 SOLUSI PARTIKULAR X P (t ) tidak selalu mempunyai fasa
yang sama dengan beban luar

X p (t )  G1.Sint  G 2.Cost ........................(12)

turunkan dan subsitusikan ke pers. (11)
1  2
G1   0 
P
 
 K  1   2 2  2 2

G 2   0 
P  2 
 
 K  1   2 2  2 2

 RESPON TOTAL X C (t ) diabaikan, sehingga :

X (t ) 
P0 1
1   Sin  t  2 Cos  t .........( 13 )
2

 
K 1   2 2  2 2
 DIAGRAM ARGAND
 
P0
K
1     2 
2 2 2
 .......... .....( 14 )
2 
  tan 1

 
D
1  2
 0
Respon Perpindaha n dapat ditulis :
X ( t )   .Sin  t   
  2%
Dynamic magnificat ion factor D :

1    .......... ...( 15 )

1


D 
P0
   2 
2 2 2
1 2


2 t
P0
t P0 
1  2 
 
K 1   2 2  2 2
 
K 1   2 2  2 2



 Jika pengaruh getaran bebas diperhitun gkan
maka respon struktur menjadi :
X (t )  e  t  ASin t  BCost   CSint  DCost .....(15)
dimana :
1  2
C
1     2 
2 2 2

 2
D
1     2 
2 2 2

Sedangkan A dan B ditentukan dengan memperhati kan

kondisi awal
Po = 500000 N
K = 59709 N/mm
m = 285.88 N-det2/mm

 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.3


5%
20%
40% RESPON
60%
80% SYSTEM ?
90%
99%
 Respon Perpindahan, X(t)
t (detik) ξ
0.05 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.99
 0.010101 0.040382 0.080633 0.120624 0.160231 0.179853 0.197396
 8.458172 8.451707 8.431121 8.397141 8.350253 8.322165 8.294343
0 -0.08543 -0.3412 -0.67909 -1.01044 -1.33225 -1.48871 -1.62665
0.04 0.403363 0.147271 -0.19242 -0.52713 -0.85376 -1.01316 -1.15403
0.08 0.890811 0.635255 0.294886 -0.04205 -0.37242 -0.53423 -0.67755
0.12 1.375283 1.121116 0.78121 0.443165 0.110164 -0.05351 -0.19881
0.16 1.85516 1.603233 1.264924 0.9269 0.59238 0.427391 0.280596
0.2 2.328839 2.079992 1.744412 1.407538 1.072617 0.906862 0.759066
0.24 2.794738 2.549803 2.218073 1.883474 1.549271 1.383304 1.234999
0.28 3.2513 3.011096 2.684323 2.353118 2.020749 1.855124 1.706806
0.32 3.697 3.462329 3.141605 2.8149 2.485476 2.320746 2.172911
0.36 4.13035 3.901995 3.588392 3.267278 2.941899 2.778616 2.631757
0.4 4.5499 4.328625 4.02319 3.708741 3.388495 3.227202 3.08181
0.44 4.95425 4.740794 4.444548 4.137814 3.823769 3.665007 3.521568
0.48 5.342048 5.137125 4.851057 4.553062 4.246269 4.090567 3.949561
0.52 5.712 5.516293 5.24136 4.9531 4.654583 4.502462 4.364359
0.56 6.062869 5.877032 5.614152 5.33659 5.047347 4.899315 4.764576
0.6 6.393483 6.218138 5.968188 5.702252 5.423249 5.2798 5.148876
0.64 6.702737 6.538469 6.302286 6.048863 5.781032 5.642646 5.515974
0.68 6.989599 6.836957 6.615328 6.375266 6.119502 5.986641 5.864644
0.72 7.253109 7.112603 6.90627 6.680371 6.437528 6.310636 6.193722
0.76 7.492388 7.364488 7.17414 6.963157 6.734047 6.613547 6.502107
0.8 7.706637 7.591769 7.418041 7.222681 7.008069 6.894364 6.78877
0.84 7.895138 7.793687 7.637161 7.458075 7.258678 7.152149 7.052753
0.88 8.057264 7.969567 7.830765 7.668553 7.485037 7.386039 7.293173
0.92 8.192471 8.118823 7.998209 7.853411 7.686389 7.595253 7.509229
0.96 8.300309 8.240955 8.138932 8.012033 7.862063 7.779093 7.700197
1 8.380417 8.335556 8.252464 8.143887 8.011471 7.936945 7.86544
1.04 8.432527 8.402309 8.338426 8.248535 8.134114 8.06828 8.004407
1.08 8.456466 8.440991 8.396531 8.325625 8.229582 8.172661 8.116631
1.12 8.452153 8.451473 8.426584 8.374901 8.297557 8.249738 8.20174
1.16 8.419603 8.43372 8.428486 8.396198 8.337811 8.299255 8.259448
1.2 8.358925 8.387792 8.402229 8.389444 8.35021 8.321044 8.289562
1.24 8.27032 8.313841 8.347902 8.354663 8.334712 8.315035 8.291983
1.28 8.154086 8.212116 8.265686 8.29197 8.291369 8.281247 8.266701
1.32 8.010611 8.082955 8.155856 8.201576 8.220326 8.219792 8.213802
1.36 7.840373 7.92679 8.018778 8.083781 8.12182 8.130876 8.133462
1.4 7.643942 7.744143 7.854911 7.938979 7.996181 8.014797 8.025949
1.44 7.421974 7.535625 7.664803 7.767655 7.843828 7.871941 7.891623
1.48 7.17521 7.301931 7.449087 7.57038 7.66527 7.702787 7.730932
1.52 6.904475 7.043842 7.208485 7.347814 7.461104 7.507899 7.544414
1.56 6.610674 6.762222 6.943801 7.100701 7.232011 7.287928 7.332691
1.6 6.294787 6.458009 6.655919 6.829865 6.978758 7.04361 7.096471
1.64 5.957871 6.132222 6.3458 6.536211 6.702189 6.77576 6.836542
1.68 5.60105 5.785948 6.014482 6.220721 6.40323 6.485273 6.553774
1.72 5.225517 5.420344 5.66307 5.884449 6.082879 6.17312 6.249111
1.76 4.832527 5.036632 5.292738 5.528518 5.742205 5.840344 5.923571
 BEBAN HARMONIS C0; =0.1
(Pengaruh Redaman terhadap Respon Struktur)
10
=0.1 artinya frekuensi getaran
8 beban sangat kecil
dibandingkan dengan frekuensi
6
getaran struktur. Pada kasus ini
amplitudo getaran struktur lebih
4
dipengaruhi oleh nilai Po/K.
sedangkan pangaruh  dan juga
 sangat kecil
Respon Perpindahan (mm)

2 damping= 5%
damping= 20%
damping = 40%
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 damping = 60%
damping = 80%
-2 damping = 90%
damping = 99%

-4

-6

-8

-10
waktu (detik)
 BEBAN HARMONIS C0; =0.5
(Pengaruh Redaman terhadap Respon Struktur)
15
Pada kasus ini pengaruh
redaman sudah mulai nampak,
10 di mana Amplitudo selain
dipengaruhi oleh naiai Po/K,
juga oleh nilai  dan 
5

damping= 5%
Perpindahan (mm)

dampng= 20%
damping= 40%
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 damping= 60%
damping= 80%
damping= 90%
damping= 99%
-5

-10
Respon Perpindahan, X(t); =0.5
t (detik) ξ
0.05 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.99
 0.067 0.261 0.490 0.675 0.818 0.876 0.922
-15
Waktu Detik) 11.141 10.788 9.852 8.719 7.636 7.148 6.742
 BEBAN HARMONIS C0; =0.9
(Pengaruh Redaman terhadap Respon Struktur)
50

Pada 1, atau

40
frekuensi getaran
struktur mendekati
30 frekuensi getaran
beban, pengaruh 
sangat berarti
20

10 damping= 5%
Perpindahan (mm)

damping= 20%
damping= 40%
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 damping= 60%
damping= 80%
-10 damping= 90%
damping= 99%

-20

-30

-40

-50
Waktu (detik)
 BEBAN HARMONIS C0; =1.3
(Pengaruh Redaman terhadap Respon Struktur)
15

10

damping= 5%
Perpindahan (mm)

damping= 20%
damping= 40%
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 damping= 60%
damping= 80%
damping= 90%
damping= 99%
-5

-10

-15
waktu (detik)
 Respon Perpindahan, X(t)
t (detik) 
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.99
ω' 2.890398 5.780797 8.671195 11.56159 13.00679 14.30747
 0.02083 0.047583 0.093477 0.218669 0.442374 1.37243
 8.721042 9.957784 13.02728 22.70724 39.83114 82.92728
0 -0.18165 -0.47364 -1.21598 -4.92589 -17.0512 -81.3011
0.04 0.825392 1.818473 3.265532 5.481232 3.099609 -59.4959
0.08 1.821412 4.013791 7.358107 14.73681 22.43013 -18.7305
0.12 2.793113 5.995453 10.57432 20.89637 35.82492 28.00413
0.16 3.727519 7.657976 12.5311 22.66585 39.73931 65.81425
0.2 4.612155 8.912861 12.99541 19.67351 33.13741 82.65045
0.24 5.435209 9.693312 11.91193 12.54799 17.7663 73.14731
0.28 6.185691 9.957784 9.409716 2.7863 -2.30633 40.33332
0.32 6.853581 9.6922 5.786785 -7.56076 -21.7686 -5.33424
0.36 7.42996 8.910696 1.474636 -16.3194 -35.4703 -49.3019
0.4 7.907134 7.654873 -3.01315 -21.6495 -39.7853 -77.5578
0.44 8.27873 5.991578 -7.14205 -22.4313 -33.572 -81.0973
0.48 8.539787 4.009349 -10.4203 -18.5006 -18.4744 -58.7925
0.52 8.68682 1.813701 -12.4575 -10.6831 1.512134 -17.7514
0.56 8.717864 -0.47849 -13.011 -0.62123 21.09847 28.94672
0.6 8.632507 -2.74521 -12.0148 9.571167 35.10149 66.42001
0.64 8.431887 -4.86581 -9.58768 17.75278 39.81553 82.72634
0.68 8.118682 -6.72739 -6.01861 22.20475 33.99313 72.66914
0.72 7.697076 -8.23087 -1.73271 21.99176 19.17506 39.45347
0.76 7.172698 -9.29622 2.759558 17.15858 -0.71733 -6.33536
0.8 6.552548 -9.86673 6.923156 8.720576 -20.4199 -50.1052