"his international sand = (Gy Se — Standard Test Methods for Specimens’ Sper epsn Ce) E_NOTE— Changes were edraly mae fn June 2018 oa a a a wt 1. Scope 1.1 These test methods deseribe two ways of determining the total/moist and dry densities (unit weights) of intact, isturbed. remolded. and reconstituted (compacted) soil spec ‘mens. Density (unit weight) as used in this standard means the Fame as “hulk density” of soil as defined by the Soil Science Society of America. Intact specimens may be obtained fr hin-walled sampling tubes. block samples, oF clods. Spec mens that are remolded by dynamic or static. compaction FBrocedures may also be measured by these methods. These methods apply to sols that will retain their shape during the Mreasurement process and may also apply to other materials a) ‘as. soil-cement. soil-lime, soil-bentonite or solidified roil-bentonite-cement slurries. Tt is common for the density Hit weight) of specimens ater remmoval from sampling tubes tnd compaction molds to be less than the value based on tube A nold volumes, or of in sity conditions. This is due tothe ag ecimensweling flr remoal of era presses I 11 Method A covers the procedure for measuring the gy tune of wan etl spesimers by dernning he quant by water displaced. FT tps method only applies to specimens in which the I sit nor pensrate the outer surface ofthe specimen. athe B covers the procedure by means ofthe diet ca oe eof the dimensions and. ass of a specimen, tM cylindrical shape Tat a reconstitute Aj trecimens may be tested by this method in onjune- emolded ssh, permeability (awatr) and compressibility AB terminations vo ie values sated in SI units ae toe repr as | Bird. ‘The values given in parentheses after SI units are sander fama ol ane not considered sanded Tse ea methods ar unde th json of ASTM Connie D8 ua Soil A Pee Ih eine det espns of Sticonmitee ISOS on Tex asaya Dey Charset Sih an icy dyson apponcd Feb 13.2018, Pubsed Mah 2018. Origialy car in) me 268-7. Ln evi con approved 20 as Hrresepo, DO 10.1S20/D7 26.40 REDD co maby ASTM Ital ighsseseset, Tae Aig ID 13123 EDT2019 rnlaaded/printed bY Hi oi gre th oti a: iii. seas developed in accordance with internationally eecognied princpeg Development of International Stand, Guest Recommeadatons ised hy fhe Mord Tra Gopanirtion Teale Barrer ora ‘stalahcd inthe cio on Principles for the ‘Cnty Commie Designation: D7263 - 09 (Reapproved 2018)'? Laboratory Determination of Density (Unit Weight) of Soil ‘This standard i sued under the fed designation 1726%; the number immediately following the designation indicts the year of ‘orginal adoption om the case of eson the year of ls! revision. number in preneses indicates he year of ast rp eal. A heer cage snc the hat ev son oF EANPRVA NOTE—Iatoriliy updated unis of measoremen statement In Ail 2018 1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the ‘guidelines for significant digits and rounding established Practice D6026. 13.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy with which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope. 14 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter~ ‘mine the applicabiliey of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Commitee. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:* D653 Terminology Relating to Soi Fluids 1698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character isties of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-Ibi/t* (600 kN-nvm’)) D854 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer 11557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character- istics of Soil Using Modified Elfort (56,000 f-tbi/a* (2,700 kN-nvm')) 1D1587/D1587M Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes 1D2166/D2166M Test Method for Unconlined Compressive and Contained Fewer ASTM stirs, vb the ASTM website, wasn or. ot ntact ASTAT Cosomer Service a ervielasim org. For Anal Book of (STAY Standards volun infomation few te ands Document Sunary page on the ASTM web cpa asrt baton 02S th Ort, PO Box 7 Ve Gone Bsa Ue ne Escaneado con CamScannerfly 07263 - trength of Cohesive Soil 12216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass 2487 Practice for Chissificaion of Soils for Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System) D24RK Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedures) D3SS0/D3SSUM Practice for Thick Wall, Rin Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils ~ D3740 Practice for Minimum Requit Eng ne ring Lined, Split ments for Agencies ed in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as in Engineering Design and Construction vD4220M Practices for Preserving and Transport mples 4818 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plasticity Index of Soils D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal- ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction Materials ‘Testing 16026 Practice for Using Significam Digit Dat lastie Limit, and n Geotechnical Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom- ‘eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids 2.2 Other Reference: Soil Science Society of Ameriva Glossary of Soil Science Terms* 3.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D653. 4. Signitcance and Use 1.1 Day density. as defined “Sensi of si or rok" in “Teninlogy DOSS and "bulk density” by so scents, canbe Ufhumse basi and vise-versa, When part density that eee gravity (Test Methads DRS!) fs alo known, oy BReaiy cine wed to calelate porosity and void ratio ( sy Xt) Dry density measurements are aso ws for vent ol density provide ite wel infomation Except to xnte the ht of sl pert vlumes fr seein suis with dying of sweling oi, bak density Sir ay with moisture content. Hence, the water content of The so Ehould he determined at the cme oF sampling “L2 Densities (unit weighs) of remoldedesonsttuted caumonly aned to evaluate the degree of J mbankments, ete, Dry density specimens al compaction of earthen il Values are usually used in conjunction values (Test Methods D698 and D1S57). 43 Density (unit weight) is one of the key components in determining, the mass composition/phase relations of soil, se Appendix X! TNoit The quality of the result produced by this standard is ~ pill online: we sie publcatonsiusary Copysight by ASTM tt (light reserved), Tue Aug 13 11:34:23 £D82019 9 Dowrloadea’pericd by (pursuant 0 License Agreement No fre repvoutions authorized 09 (2018)'* dependent on the compete Sunanility oF the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the Gites of Practice D3740 are generally considered eapable of competent find ebjective lesting/samplinginspestiondetc, Users of this standard are ‘Guitoned that compliance with Practice D3740 does notin itself assure {ella esl, Reliable results depend an several factors: Practice D3740 feane of evaluating some of these factors, provides a Apparatus 5.1 For Method A the following apparatus are required 5.1.1 Batance—All balances must meet the requirements of Specification D$753 and this section. A Class GP! balance of 0.01 g readability is required for specimens having a mass up to 200 grams and a Class GP2 balance of 0.1 g readability is required for specimens having a mass over 200 grams. For method A, the balance must be capable of measuring the mass Of the specimen suspended in water. This is usually accom- plished by a weighing hook built into the balance for that purpose, or a yoke assemblage is placed upon the pan which Suspends thin, non-absorbent string or wire, that is, a nylon line, etc., below the balance into the water reservoir, 5.1.2 Drving Oven—A thermostatically controlled, pref ably of the Forced-draft type, capable of maintaining a uniform temperature of 110 = 5°C throughout the drying chamber. 5.1.3 Wax—Non-shrinking, paraffin and/or microcrystalline wax that has a known and constant density, Pye to. four significant figures and that does not change after repeated ‘melting and cooling cycles. Non: 2—The waxes generally used are commercially available and ave dens values n the range of O87 0 0.91 gfem of Mem 5.14 War-Melting Container—Used to melt the wax, but should not allow the wax to overheat. A container heated by hot water, preferably thermostatically controlled. is satisfactory. “The vax should be heated 10 only slightly above the melting point to avoid flashing ofthe wax vapors and to permit quickly forming & uniform surface coating of wax. Warning—Vapors given off by molten wax ignite spontaneously above 205°C (400°F) and should not be allowed to come in contact with the heating element or open Mame. 5.15 Wire Basket—A wire basket of 3.35 mm or finer mesh ‘of approximately equal width and height of sufficient size to contain the specimen. ‘The basket shall be constructed to prevent trapping air when it is submerged. The basket is suspended from the balance by a fine thread or string. A hairnet may also be used in liew of the basket for smaller soil specimens. Container—A container or tank of sufficient size to contain the submerged hasket and specimen. Specimen Container—A corrosion-resistant container ficient size to contain the specimen for water content Thermometer—Capable of measuring the temperature range within which the test is being performed graduated in a 0.1 degree C division scale and meeting the requirements of Specification F225 5.19 Container Handling Apparatus—Gloves or suitable holder for moving and handling hot containers. 5.1.10 Miscellaneous—Paintbrush, trimming tools, speci- men containers, and data sheets provided as required. Escaneado con CamScannerqf) 07263 - Ws are nceded: 5.2 For Method B the follow 5.2.1 Bulunce—See $11 5.2.2 Drving Oven—Sce 8.1 5.2.3 Specimen-Sice Measurement Devices determine the height and width or diameter of the specimen shall measure the respective dimensions to four sipnificant its and shall be constructed so that their use wall not indent ‘oF penetrate into the specimen, appa Devices used Non aliens 2—Crreumferential messining tapes are te rmeasining the diameter eh al specimens 5.2.4 Apparatus for Preparing Reconstituted or Remolded Spa Orion) Such apr Kies af specimens are being tested yg 525 Mivetencons Anparatus—Specinen rimming and arving tools including a wire saw, steel straightedge, miter pox and vertical tnmming lathe. specimen containers, and data beets shall he provided as required 1s only required if these BE. Samples and Test Specimens 6.1. Samples—Intact samples shall he preserved and transe Whhried in accordance with Practice D4220/D4220M Groups C and D_ soil, Cory mens. shall be reserved ‘cordance with Practice D4220/D4220M Group, B soil, Man in the samples that are stored prior to testing in pion-corradible aitight containers ata temperatu ied oF remolded 9p hetween ents direct approximately 3° and 30°C and in an area that pre sontact with sunlight 6.2 SpecimensSpecimens for testing shall e sallicintly Mohcsive and firm to maintain shape during the measuring rocedure if Method A is used, sce 11-11. Specimens shall Swe ee simure dimension of 0 mm (nan the ages article contained within the test specimen shull be smaller = i ‘one-tenth of the specimen's smallest dimension. For specimens having a dimension of 72 nm (2.8 in.) or larger the St parucle sie shall be smaller than one-sixth of the en's smallest dimension I after completion ofa test on Visual observations indicate Uh anger spe in intact specimen. particles than permitted are present, indicate this information in Ate rem jon of the feport of test dati ap Procedure 7.1 Record all identifying information for the speci Luch as project, boring number, depth, sample type (hat is, Tube, trimmed, etc) Visual soil classitication (Practice D2488), ars se ay rer pertinent dat. 2 Method A—MWuter Displacement T3 Determine, if not previunly established, the density of tne wan te used 10 four sipmficant dips (sce 5.1.3) 413-2 Prepare specimens in an envionnvent th any changes in wal or some soi, changes in waer rent are minimized by trinwning specimens in contol borironment, such as. conireled.high-humiity room Enclosure 7.2.3 IF required, cut a specimen meeting the size requite cents given in 62 from the sample tw be tested. If required rim the specimen to a fairly repulur shape. Ke angles. ‘ould be avoided, and any cavities formed by large particles ‘copyright by ASTM It (al is eserves), Tue Aug 13113123 UBE2ONY Downladed’prnted by Rhpuraa w License Aseement Norther poisons authored 09 (2018)? being pulled out should be patched with material from the trimmings, Hanalle specimens carefully to minimize disturbance. change in shape, or change in water content, Typically. for most samples. changes in water content are minimized by trimming specimens, controlled environment, stich as a controlled high-humidity room/ enclosure. 7.24 Determine and record the moist mass of the soil specimen (M,) to four significant figures ing or kg 7.25 Cover the specimen with a thin coat of melted wan, cither with a paintbrush or by dipping the specimen in a container of melted war, Apply a second coat of wax after the first coat has hardened, The ax should be sufficiently warm to yet it should not be so hot flow when brushed on the spect that it dries the veil [Nou 4—If overheated wat comes im contaet wat the sei specimen. it may cause the moisture 0 “an form air bubbles under the wa ables may be tne! out al ile 7.2.6 Determine and record the mass of the wax-coated specimen in air (M,) wo four significant figures in g oF kg. 7.2.7 Determine and record the submerged mass of the war-coated specimen (M,,,) 10 four significant digits in g oF kg. This is done by placing the specimen ina wire basket hooked onto it balance and in ws the basket and specimen in In order to directly measure the submerged mass of the wet soil and war, the balanee must have been previously balanced (tared to Zero) with the wire basket completely submerged in the container of water. Make sure e specimen sand basket is Tully submerged, and that the basket is not touching th 7.2.8 Record the temperature of the water to 0.1 degrees C. sides of bottom of the container. in. Note inthe fpr if water content ¥s not tom the spin ssc 7.3 Method B—Divect Measurement: TAA Intact Specimens—Prepare intact spec lage block sample or trom samples secured in aecordance with Prwctice DISS7/D1587M or other acceptable tube sam- pling procedures, such as Practice D3SS0/DASSOM. Spe ‘can be obtained trom intact block samples using a sharp cutting ing. Handle Sunples/specimens carefully Umi disturbance, changes. in cross. section, or change in water contents. Specimens re usally cubes or eylindrialin shape. ni T—Core sampling might he Util or impossible in gravelly or hha dry soils. Wel soils tend to be more plastic and subject 10 compression, 7.3.1.1 Specimens obtained by tube sampling may be tested without extrusion except for cutting the end surfaces plane and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sampling tube. The Escaneado con CamScannerfly 07263 - 09 (2018)'? height and inner dimensions of the tube may be taken 10 represent specimen dimensions, [Nore 8 Some solls may expand into the sampling tube witha resultant change in volume from the original in situ condition, 7.3.1.2 Trim specimens in an environment that minimizes any change in water content. see 7.2.2. Where removal of gravel or crumbling resulting from trimming causes voids on the surface of the specimen, carefully fill the voids with remolded soil obtained from the trimmings. When the sample condition permits. a vertical trimming lathe may be used to reduce cylindrical specimens to 3 7.3.1.3 After obtaining uniform dimensions, place the speci- men in a miter box or trimming collar (especially for friable soils) and cut the specimen to a uniform height with a wire saw or other suitable device, such as a sharpened steel straightedge Perform one oF more water content determinations on material oblained during the trimming of the specimen in accordance with Test Method D2216 for the estimated water content(s), Final water content shall be performed on the whole specimen or representative slice (if other testing such as plasticity limits, Test Methods D4318, are required) at the end of the test Determine and record the mass (g) and dimensions (mm) of the, specimen to four significant digits using the applicable appa- ratus described in 5.2. A minimum of three height measure- ‘ments (approximately 120° apatt if three, 90” apart if four, ete.) and at least three diameter measurements at the quarter points of the height shall be made to determine each the average height and diameter of cylindrical specimens. A minimum of three measurements each of length, width and height shall be ‘made to determine the volume of cubical specimens. nilorm diameter foseribes proce sing Nore 9—Test Method D2166D2166M, setion 6.2 dre for preparing intact est specimens for stengt 7.3.2 Remolded/Reconstituted (Compacted) Specimens— Specimens shall be prepared as prescribed by the individual assigning the test or as preseribed by the applicable related test procedure. After a specimen is formed, (rim (if necessary) the Ends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, remove the mold, fand detcrmine the mass and dimensions of the test specimens in accordance with 7.3.].3. The height and inner dimensions of the mold may be taken to represent specimen dimensions. Nom» 10—I is common for the density (unit weight) of the specimen after emoeal from the motd to be less than the value based on the volume a epconold, This occurs asa result ofthe specimen swelling afer removal fof the lateral confinement due 10 the mold 8, Calculations 8.1 Water Content, w—Calculate in wccordance with Test Method D2216 to four significant digits £.2 Calculate the moist density to four significant figures as Follows: 8.2.1 Method A—Water Displacement: n= MAM, ~ Mado.) = (MMe mass of moisvtotal soil specimen, 8. mass of wax-coated specimen, & mass of submerged wax-coated specimen, ‘Copyriht by ASTM a (all sighs reserved Tue Aug 13 1323 EDT Downlondeapeintel by furan to Lense Agreement, No further eprouction authored. density of wax, g/em* or Mg/n Pp = P= density of water attest temperature. giem’ or Mg/m, (see Test Methods D854, Table 1), and Pm = density of total (moist) soil specimen, gfem* or Mey 8.2.2 Method B—Direct Measurement: a= (MY) 2 where: V_ = volume of moist soil specimen, em*. 8.2.2.1 Cylindrical Shape: v= (x d° A)/4000 @ d_ = average specimen diameter, mm, and hh = average specimen height, 2.2 Cubical Shape: Lew xh 00 cy average length, mm. average width, mm, and average height, mm. 8.3 Calculate the dry density for either method A or B as follows: h y= pal(1 +0100) (3) where: pu = dry density of soil, gfem® ot Mg/m’, and Ww = water content of soil specimen (in percent), to nearest four significant digits. 84 Calculate the moisvtotal and dry unit weights to four significant figures for either method A or B as follows: 52.428 p, inn’ (6) 62.428 pin It andy Ya," 9.065 p, in Nim® and 74 = 9.806665 pn KN wher Ym = moisVtotal unit weight of specimen, and 31 = dry unit weight of soil specimen. 9, Report: Test Data Sheet(s)/Form(s) 9.1 The report (data sheet) shall contain the following (see Appendix X2 andl Appendix X3): 91.1 Wentitication of the sample (material) being tested, stich as project, boring number, simple number, test number, container numb 9.1.2 Sample depth in met elevation in meters (Feet) (if applicable), 9.1.3 Classilication of soil by Practice D2487, if determined, oF visual classification of soil (group name and symbol) as determined by Practice D2488, 9.1.4 Moisttotal and dry density (unit weigh), to four significant digits, ‘9.1.5 Water content (in percent), to four signi 9.1.6 Method used (A or B), and (feed below ground surface or int digits, Escaneado con CamScanner APPAR PARP PPR RRR RRR RRR ARRRRPPR