CE-112L: Engineering Drawing for Civil Engineers (Lab)

Fall 2018
WEEK 2 (part 2)
Types of Lines and Lettering
Set squares can be used in combination to draw different angles as shown below.

Types of lines:

Have a look at figure given below, it shows different types of lines.

Prepared by: Engr Arsalan Khan

Course Instructor: Engr. Hamna Shakeel Page I of V
CE-112L: Engineering Drawing for Civil Engineers (Lab)
Fall 2018
a. Visible/Solid lines

These are heavy, thick black lines, approximately 0.020” (0.5mm) thick. These are uniform in color and density, are used
to define visible edges and surface boundaries of an object.

b. Hidden lines

These are medium sized, dashed lines, approximately 0.015” thick (0.4mm). The dashes shall be four times as long as
the intermittent space (2mm long space -> 8mm long line). These lines are a little lighter as compared to the visible
lines. These are used to define those edges of an object which are not directly visible (hidden edges).

c. Leader lines

These are thin lines, 0.010” (0.25mm) thick, and used to give dimension or to connect an explanatory note to an object.
It can have an arrowhead or a dot, starting from the object and ending at the note.

d. Center lines

These are long-space-short lines, i.e. composed of alternate long and short dashes. The long line may have any
convenient length, but the short lines are 1/8 of the long line and the intermittent spaces must be 1/16 of the long line.
These are used to locate the center of an object.

e. Phantom lines

These are thin lines in a pattern as long line-space-short line-space-short line. Their approximate thickness is 0.010”
(0.25mm). These lines are used to show the outline of the adjacent part of the object, which is relative to, but not the
actual part of the drawing.

Cutting Plane Lines are similar to phantom lines, there objective is different. These are used where the objects are cut in
order to see the internal details of it.

f. Continuation/Break lines

These are thin lines, approximately 0.010” (0.25mm) thick, with short zigzags within them, and are drawn to show long
breaks or continuation in the drawing.

Now look at the following drawing and figure out the different types of lines used in it.

Prepared by: Engr Arsalan Khan

Course Instructor: Engr. Hamna Shakeel Page II of V
CE-112L: Engineering Drawing for Civil Engineers (Lab)
Fall 2018

Lettering:

How will your

technical drawing
look if you write in it
like this????......

Prepared by: Engr Arsalan Khan

Course Instructor: Engr. Hamna Shakeel Page III of V
CE-112L: Engineering Drawing for Civil Engineers (Lab)
Fall 2018
Technical lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters in technical drawing. Lettering is
writing the titles, giving dimensions or writing a note or other important particulars on the drawing.

Lettering should be done properly in clear, legible and uniform style. It should be simple so that it could be done
freehand and speedily. Guide lines should be used for lettering. They are light layout lines, spaced apart according to
the characters’ height, and serve to help keep freehand lettering at a uniform height.

Generally, the main titles are written in 8mm size, the sub-titles in 7mm size, while notes and dimension figures are
written in 5mm size.

Remember: lettering is to be done at the end when all the drawing is complete with 2H pencil.

Your perfection in
technical drawing is
counted…

:)

Prepared by: Engr Arsalan Khan

Course Instructor: Engr. Hamna Shakeel Page IV of V
CE-112L: Engineering Drawing for Civil Engineers (Lab)
Fall 2018
Sheet No. 2
Lines & Lettering: To draw the given shapes as a practice exercise for different types of lines

Instruments required:
Soft and hard pencils, eraser, sharpener, drawing sheet, t square, set squares, masking tape and compass.

Final output:

Prepared by: Engr Arsalan Khan

Course Instructor: Engr. Hamna Shakeel Page V of V