Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
INAWAT, PAUL STEPHEN C.
BSCRIM 2-ECHO
FORENSIC 2 - Personal Identification Techniques

Activity 1
A. Write and illustrate the rules governing the selection of DELTA.

1. When there are two or more possible bifurcation deltas that conform to the definition, the one nearest
the core should be chosen.

2. The delta may not be located in the middle of a ridge running between type lines towards the core, but
at the end nearest to the core.

3. A dot may be used as a delta. A dot has no direction.

  The delta may not be located at a bifurcation that does not open toward the core.

4. When there is a choice between a bifurcation and another type of delta, the bifurcation is selected.

B. Write and illustrate the rules governing the selection of CORE.

1. The core is located on the shoulder of the innermost loop farthest from the delta.
The core is located on the spike or rod in the center of the innermost recurve, provided the spike or rod
rises high as the shoulders.

2. If there is an even number of spikes or rods shoulder-high, the core is located on the end of the
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
farthest of the innermost spikes from the delta, whether or not the spike or rod touches the inside of the
recurve.

3. If there is an odd number of spikes or rods at shoulder-height, the core is located on the end of the
center spike, whether or not it touches the inside of the recurve.

4. Interlocking loops: Join the two loops with an imaginary recurve, making one loop with a rod or rod
inside. Count the rod(s) shoulder-high and then fix the core.

Activity 2
A. Conduct ridge count and indicate the number of ridges.
1
1 2
2 3
3 Cor 4
5
4
5 Core e 6
7
6 8
7 9
10
8 11
9 12
10 13
11 14
15
Del 16

Delta ta

11 16

1 1
2 2
3 3
Core 4 4
5 5
6 6
7
7
8
Co
8
9 9 re
10 1
11 0
1
Delta 12
1
13
14 1 De
2
1 lta
14 3 13
 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED

COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY

B. Conduct ridge tracing

OUTER OUTER

I O

INNER OUTER