Name: Izuddin Azmi ID: 17006018

Review in Lecture 2 (Mechanical Failure)

First, defects and discontinuities are often found in mechanical components. So how
do we identify those defects and how does flaws in a material initiate a failure? To
understand this we need to understand the types of mechanical failure found on those
components and materials.
1. Fracture Mechanism
 Ductile Fracture (Material that has a good ductility)
 Brittle Fracture (Material that has a low ductility)
o In brittle fracture there are many causes are found by looking at the
microstructure of it which are intergranular, intragranular, polypropylene
and AI Oxide.

So how do we determine these type of defects? By using these two methods which is NDT
and DT. Non-Destructive Testing is to test material without altering or destroying the
material. Meanwhile Destructive Testing is the opposite of NDT.

Types of NDT: Types of DT:

 Penetrant Testing  Impact Testing
 Radiographic Testing  Hardness Testing
 Eddy Current Testing  Tensile Testing
 Ultrasonic Testing  Fatigue Testing
 Visual Testing  Corrosion Testing
 Magnetic Particle Testing  Hydrogen Testing

To avoid from defects or discontinuities forming in a material, thus a non-destructive

test must be perform. Therefore, to understand the behavior of the material we need to
perform the destructive test to ensure that the material is made according to client
requirements or environment requirement.