i

sabokemi
cah@gmai
l.
com

A+QUI
CKREVI
SION
HI
STORY
F
orMor
eEr
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l0705525657

HI
stor
y31
1/
1
SECTI
ONI
.Na
1 metwoar cheol ogi
cals i
tesi
nKenya
1. -KobiFora-Rusi
ngaIsland
-
Gamblecave- F
ortTernan
-
Kar
iandusi-Hyr
axHill

2.I
dent
if
yoner ol
eoft
heNj
uriNchekeamongt
heAmer
uofKenyai
nthepr
e-
col
oni
alper
iod
2. -Sett
leddisput
esamongmember soft
hecl
an.
-F i
nalcourtofappeal
-Presidedoverreli
giousf
unct
ions

3.Gi
vetwowrit
tenevi
dencesofcont
actbet
weent
heKenyancoaandt
he
out
sidewor
ld
3. -Peri
plusofEryt
hreansea.
-Greco—Romandocument ary
-I
binBatutaandAl-Masudidocument
s

4.at
etwoeconomi
cef
fect
sofSeyyi
dSai
d’sr
uleonEaAf
ri
canCoa
4. -Revivaloft
heIndianoceantr
ade
-Encouragedeabl
ishmentofpl
antat
ionAgr
icul
tur
e.
-Encouragedtr
adei nt
heinter
iorofEaAf
ri
ca

5.Givet hemaint
radei
tem f
rom t
hei
nter
iordur
ingt
hel
ong-di
ancet
radei
n
Kenyai nthe
t
h
1
6 cent ury
5. -sl
aves

6.atetwowaysi nwhichtheNandiunder minedtheconructi

onoft
heKenya-
Ugandarailway
6. -Foughtagai
ntheBr
it
ishadmi
nir
ator
sandrai
lwaywor
ker
s.
-Decl
inedtoprovi
deAfri
canlabour
-Lootedtheconruct
ionmateri
als.
-Declinet
osupplyfoodtotherail
waywor
ker
s
F
orMor
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l0705525657
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7.I
dent
if
yonet
erm oft
heDevonshi
rewhit
epaperof1
923

7. -I
nteresoft
heAfri
canswer edeclaredparamount
-Afr
icanwouldgetrepresent
ationinthelegcothr
oughami
ssi
onar
y.
-KenyaHighl
andswer etobel eftf
orthewhites

8.Gi
vet
wor
olesofAEMOi
nther
uggl
efori
ndependencei
nKenya
8. -MobiedAfri
cannational
isinKenyaagai nthecol
onialgover
nment
.
-Ledtothedemandofself-government.
-Demandedfori
ncreasedAf r
icanrepresent
ati
oninthelegco.
-Agi
tat
edforrel
easeofAfricandetainees

9.at
etwof
unct
ionsofAf
ri
canchi
efsdur
ingcol
oni
aladmi
nir
ati
oni
nKenya

9. -Recruitl
abourforEuropeans
-Col
lecttaxes.
-Conructroadsandpublicuti
li
ti
es
-Maintai
nlawandor der.

1
0.I
dent
if
ythemai
nphi
los
ophydur
ingt
her
eignofpr
esi
dentMoi

1
0. -Nyayoi
sm

1
1.I
dent
if
ytwopol
it
icalchal
lengesi
nKenyaaf
teri
ndependence

1
1. -Assassi
nat
ionsi.eTom Mboya,J.
M.Kari
uki
-Changeofconi t
uti
ons
-Exienceoftr
ibalorEt
hnicorgani
zat
ions

1
2.Namet
hef
irvi
cepr
esi
dentofKenya
1
2.Ogi
ngaOdi
nga

1
3.Namet wowomeninKenyawhocont
ri
but
edt
owar
dst
her
uggl
efor
i
ndependencei
nKenya
1
3. -WamuyuGakur u—Nyeri
-Chi
efMang’ana—Kadem —Wanj ir
uNyamarut
u
-KobiloKwondoatKi
mosop—I ngenmedi
cinewoman
-MoraamokaNgiti—Gusi
iprophet
ss
-Mekati
li
liwamenza—Gi r
iama
-WambuiOt i
eno
-Marshal
lMuthoni

1
4.I
dent
if
ytwor
ight
sofaKenyanchi
ldaspr
ovi
dedf
ori
nthechi
ldr
en’
sact

1
4. -Ri
ghtt
olif
e
-Ri
ghtt
onameandi dent
ity
-Goodmedi
calcar
e
-Ri
ghtt
oeducati
on
-Ri
ghtt
oplayandlei
sure

F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
l0705525657
 is
abokemicah@gmail
.com
1
5.at
etwopol
it
icalc
aus
esofconf
li
ctintheKenyanSoci
ety
1
5. -Riggi
ngofelecti
ons
-Tri
balandregionalgr
oupingsduri
ngelect
ioncampai
gn.
-I
ncreasedinf
luxofref
ugeesfrom nei
ghbouri
ngcount
ries.
-Borderdi
sputesi.eMigi
ngoIsland

16. a)at
ethr
ees
oci
alf
act
orsf
ort
hemi
grat
ionoft
heBant
utot
hei
rpr
esent
dayar
ea
1
6.a)-Overpopul
ati
onincr
adl
eland
-Spi
ri
tofadventur
e
-Outbreakofhumanepi
demics

b)Des
cri
bet
hepol
it
icalor
gani
zat
ionoft
heMi
ji
kendadur
ingpr
e-col
oni
al
per
iod
1
6.b) -Theclanwast hebasicpoli
ti
caluni
t.
-Ithadadecent r
ali
zedsyem ofgovernment
-Eachclanhadacounci lofel
ders(kambi)
-Itactedasf i
nalcourtofappealonjudici
almat t
ers.
-Therewast heage-setsyem whichprovi
dedwar r
ior
s
-War r
iorsdefendedt hecommuni t
yagainext er
nalattacksaswellasexpandi
ng
t
he t er
rit
ories.
-Inter
mar r
iagesamongcl ansencouragedr engthoftheirsoci
alandpoli
ti
caluni
ty.

7.
1 a)Gi
vefiver easonsf
ort
heeas
yconqueoft
heE.
Acoabyt
hePor
tugues
e
bef
ore
16th Century
1
7. a)-Thecoaaltownswer eunpreparedtofi
ghtthePor
tuguese.
-ThePor t
uguesewerearmedwi thsuper
iorandmodernarms.
-Disunit
yamongt hecoaaltowns
-Port
uguesewer edeter
minedtoconquerandsettl
eattheEaCoa.
-Well-
trai
nedPor t
uguesesol
diers.
-Inf
eri
orweaponsusedbyt hecoaalpeople

b)Expl
aint
hei
mpactofPor
tugues
erul
eonE.
ACoa
1
7. b)-Decl i
neoftheIndianoceantrade
-Der ucti
onofthecoaalcit
yat es
-Newscr opswereintr
oduced
-Developedt heKi
swahilil
anguage
-ConructionofFortJesus—r emainedaHi
ori
calsi
te.
i
ntr
oducedChr ii
anit
y

18. a)at
ereas
onsf
orMaas
aicol
labor
ati
onwi
tht
heBr
it
ishdur
ingt
hecol
oni
al
peri
od
1
8.a) -Want
edpr otecti
onagainthei
rtradit
ionalenemiesi.eAgikuyu
-Lenanawant edt hei
rassi
anceagainhi sbrot
herSendeyoi nthei
rsuccessi
ondi
sput
e
-TheLenanahopedt obemadeapar amountchief.
-Hopedt oreceiveWeer nmodernizat
ion/ci
vil
izat
ion educati
on
-Naturalcal
ami t
ieshadweakenedt hemaasait oresi

b)Expl
ainhows
ett
lerf
armi
ngaf
fec
tedAf
ri
cansi
nKenyadur
ingcol
oni
al

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orMor
eEr
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r
ule
1
8.b)-Afr
icanlandwasal ienated/Af
ricansbecamesquatt
ers
-Forcedl abourtowor konEur opeanf ar
ms
-Africanswer econf i
nedi ntoreserves
-Ledt ofor
cedt axationtor ai
ser evenuetomai
ntai
nEuropeanf
arms.
-Interfer
edwi thtraditi
onalfarmingsyemsoftheAfri
cans.
- Under mi nedAfricancul t
ure

19. a)at ethreef

eat uresofindependentchurchesandschoolsi
nKenyadur
ingt
he
coloni
al
peri
od
19.a)-Bothwer erunbyAf ri
canl eader
s
-BothembracedEur opeanpr act
icesandAfri
cantr
aditi
onalpr
act
ice
-Theyweret r
ibalorEthnicbasedor gani
zati
ons
-Opposedcoloniali
sm

b)Explainsi
xr olesplayedbypol i
ti
calmovement si nKenyaduringther uggl
ef or
i
ndependence
1
9.b)-Createduni t
yamongAf ri
cansfrom diversedEthnicandregionalbackground.
-Cr eatedawar enessamongpeopl eaboutt heri
ghtsandill
sofcolonialAdmi nir
ati
on.
-Theybecamegr oundsoft r
aini
ngf orf ut
urepoli
ti
call
eaders.
-Lai dthefoundationforpoli
ti
calpar t
ieswhi chl
edKenyat oIndependence.
-Demandedf orself
-gover
nment .
-Opposedl andalienati
onandr aci
aldi scri
minat
ion

20. a)atet hreedevicesofdir

ectdemocr
acypr
act
icedi
nKenya
20.a)-Universalsuff
rage
-Fr
eeandf ai
relect
ions
-Ref
erendum democr acy
-Pl
ebiscite

b)Explaintheprocessofconituti
onmaki nginKenya
20.b)-Ci viceducationconductedbyt heconituti
onofKenyaRevi ewcommi ssion.
-Publicconsultati
on-Commi ssi
onreceivesfrom thepubli
caboutthepr oposed
coni
tut
ion
-Nat i
onalconitut
ionalconfer
ence.Selectedpeoplemeett oagreeont heconitut
ion.
-Ther ef
erendum.Her ethepeoplevote( decide)dir
ectl
yont heconi
tuti
on.
-Thenat i
onalAssembly.Parl
iamentgivesf i
nalapprovalontheconit
uti
on

21
. a)at efiverefor
msunder t
akeni nt heprisondepar
tmenti
nKenya
21
.a)-I
mpr ovementont hedi etpr ovidedtoi nmates
-Improvedmedi calservi
ces
-Provisionofdiancel earningt oprisoners
-All
owi ngpri
soner stowat ch,readandl i
entonews
-Easi
ngofcongei oninpr isons
-Visi
tsbyspousesamongmar r
iedpr i
soners.
-Provisionofcl
ot hingandbeddi ng

b)Expl
ainfuncti
onsofthes peakerofthenat i
onalAs
sembl
yinKenya
21
.b)-Chairsparli
amentarysessions.
-Spokesmanofpar li
ament .
-Presi
desovert heproceedingsoftheHouse
-Declaresaseatvacanthenceaby- elect
ion.
F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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-Ensur
esordersisobservedandadher etotherulesf
oll
owed.
-Maint
ainsat
tendanceregierofpar
li
ament
-Swearsinmember sofparli
amentbeforepart
ici
pati
nginhousedel
iber
ati
ons.
22.
a)atewhythegovernmentofKenyapr eparesnat i
onaleimates
22.a)-Assit hegover
nmentt oidenti
fysour cesofr evenue.
-Governmentcanpr iori
tizeit
sneeds
-Enablesthegovernmentt ocont roli
tsexpendi ture.
-Governmentdet er
mi nesandcpl uintot hepubl i
ct axr
uct
ure.
-Governmentcanpl anf orfut
ureoper ations
-Assisthegovernmentt osetandardsofper f
ormance

b)Expl
ainhowt hegovernmentofKenyaens uresit
sr evenueiswellspend
22.b)-Gover nmentei matesmuhavepar liament
aryapproval .
-Parli
amentappr ovesmoneyallocatedtoeachmi niry.
-Supplement ar
yeimatesareapprovedbypar l
iament.
-Allgovernmentexpenditur
eisaudi tedbythecont r
ollerandaudi
torgeneral
-Paraatalaccountsareaudi
tedbyt heauditorgeneralofateCorporati
on.
-Publi
caccount scommi t
teeexaminesgover nmentexpendi t
ure

1
.Nameones ourceoft
hehi
oryofKenyancommuni
tydur
ingpr
e-col
oni
alper
iod
1
.-Oraltradi
tion
-Anthropology
-Linquii
cs
-Genet i
cs
-Wr i
ttensources
-Archeology

2.Nameoneci t
yat
ethatdevel
opedont
heKenyancoaby1
500AD
2. –Mombasa
-Gedi
-Sofal
a
-Vumba
-Lamu
-Kil
wae.t
.c.

3.atetwor easonswhyt heAkambapar ti

cipat
edinthel
ongdiancetr
ade
-Theirl
andwasunsui tabl
eforagr
icul
ture
-Theirl
andwascent rall
ysit
uat
edbetweent hecoaandt
hei nt
eri
ormaki
ngi
tpossi
blef
or
t
hem to
-Highdemandf orivory
-Avail
abil
it
yoftradegoods
-Theywer eskil
ledtraders

4.ateonenegativeef f
ectoft
heIndianOceant radebefore1500AD
-Impor
tat
ionofgoodsl edtodeclineoflocalinduri
es
-Ledtodeructionofwildl
if
eduet oincr
easeddemandf ori vor
y
-EaCoawasexposedt oforei
gnerswhoevent ual
lycol
onizedtheregion
-Iti
ncr
easedi nter–communalwar fareduet othedemandofsl aves

5.NametheNandil
eaderdur
ingt
hei
rres
iancet
otheBr
it
ishcol
oni
alr
ule
5. -Koi
tal
elAr
apsamoei

F
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eEr
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6.atetwoef f
ectsoft helandalienati
onont heAfri
cans
6. -Ledt owidespr eadpover t
yamongAf ricans
-Ledt odevelopmentoft hesquat t
ersyem
-Afr
icanswer epushedi ntocreatedreservesandmargi
nalar
eas
-Ledt oovercrowdinginr eserves
-Ledt omisery,lowwagesandpoorwor kingcondi
ti
onsamongAfr
icans

7.Namet wochar
ter
edcompani
est
hatacqui
redcol
oni
esi
neaAf
ri
ca
7.-I.
B.E.
A.Co
-G.E.
ACo

8.atet wofactorswhi chunder minetheper formanceofl ocalauthori

ti
esinKenya
8. -I nadequatefunds–t ofi
nancet hem ser vices
-Lackofadmi nirativeautonomysi ncet hemi nir
yofl ocalgovernmenthaswi depowers
above
-Taxevasi on-byi ndivi
dualsandor ganizat i
onswhi chposeapr oblem f
ort heiroperat
ions
-Mi smanagementduet olackofqualif
iedaf f/nepot i
sm/t ri
bali
sm
-Populati
onpr essur ewhichput salotofr aintot helocalauthori
ti
esmaki ngi ti
mpossible
t
oprovideadequat esocialser
vicese. g.wat er,housinge.t.
c.
-Sizeoflocalaut horit
y–t hepowergi vent ot hemi niertoupgradelocalauthorit
ieshas
beenmi susedwher eassomear etoosmal landt oopoort ounder t
akeresponsi bi
li
ty
expected
ofthem

9.NametheBr i
ti
shgov
ernort
hatwasi
nvol
vedi
nthedr
aft
ingoft
heKenyanmul
ti
-raci
al
coni
tut
ionin1954
9. -Lyttl
eton

1
0.at
etwor eas
onswhyt heKenyanpr
isonsar
ecat
egor
ized
1
0.-Gendersensi
ti
vit
y/sex
-Age
-Dif
fer
entcri
mescommi t
ted

1
1.I
denti
fytwot ypesoflocalaut
hor
it
iesi
nKenya
1
1.-Countycouncils
-Citycouncils
-Municipalcouncil
s
-Towncounci ls
-Urbanandar eacouncil
s

1
2.ateonef unctionoft heOrkoiyoti
nthepr
ecol
oni
alKenya
1
2.-Set t
leddi sput es
-Presidedoverr el
igi
ousfuncti
ons
-Maintainedl awandor der
-Blessedwar riorsbefor
egoi ngtowar

1
3.Gi
vetworeasonswhytheBr i
ti
shuseddirectrul
einadmi
nier
ingmopar
tsofKenya
1
3.-Hadenoughmanpower
-MoKenyancommuni t
iesresi
edcoloni
alrul
e
-Mocommuni t
ieshaddecentr
ali
zedsyem ofgover
nmentexceptt
heWanga
-Hadcapi
tal

1
4.at
etwowaysonecanbecomeaKenyanci
ti
zen
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4.-Bybi r t
h
-Byr egi ration
-Nat ur alization
1
5.at et wochal lengesf aci ngthef reepr i
mar yeducat i
oni nKenya
1
5.-Congei on/overcr owdi ngi nschool s
-Del aysi ndi sbur sementoff unds
-Inadequat et eacher s
-Cor rupt i
on/mi smanagementoff undsmeantf orf r
eepr imaryeducati
on
1
6.Gi vet hemai nf unct ionoft heKenyaant icor rupt ioncommi ssi
onofKenya( KACC)
1
6. -Toi nvei gat ecasesofcor rupt i
onandmakepubl i
ct hefindi
ngs
1
7.Whoappoi ntst hedi r i
ctcommi ssi
oneri nKenya
1
7. -ThePr esi dent
1
8.( a)Des cr i
bet hes oci alor gani zati
onoft hemi ji
kendadur ingtheprecoloni
alperiod
1
8.a)-I twascl anbased
-Li vedi nf or tifi
edvi ll
ages/kayas
-Peopl ehaddef inedr oles
-Hadsoci alcer emoni essuchaspl ant ingandhar veing
-Pr act i
cedpol ygamyandpaymentofdowr y
-Bel ievedi nsupr emebei ngownasMul ungu
-Wor shi ppedancer alspirits
-Hadpr ophet sandmedi cinemen
-Pr acticedci r cumci sion
(b)Expl aint heef fec tsofBant umi grationands ettl
ementi nKenya
1
8.b)-Ledt oi ncr easei npopul ationint her egionst heyset tl
ed
-Spr eadi ronwor ki ngi ntot her egionsandot hercommuni t
iesli
ketheLuoadopt edthe
art
-Ledt ot radi ngact ivit
iese. g.agikuyuandMaasai ,AbagusiiandLuo
-Ledt oexchangeofowl edgei .
e.Bant uadopt edagesetsyem andpr acti
ceof
circumci si on
from t hecushi tes
-Enr ichmentofl anguagesduet owor dbor rowi ng
-Ledt ocul t
ur ali nt er actionofBant uhenceassi milatedsomeSout hernCushitesand
someBant uwer eassi milatedbyNi lotesandCushi tes
-Ledt odi spl acementofsomecommuni tiese. g.t heGumbaandat hi
-Ledt oi nter mar riageswi thot hercommuni ties
1
9.( a)Ident i
fyf ivegr ievancesoft hekikuyucent ralas sociat
ionagaintheBrit
ishcoloni
al
Gover nmenti nKenya
1
9.a) - Rel easesofHar ryThuku
- EndofKi pandesyem
- Ret urnal ienat edl andoft heAgi kuyu
- Demandf orAf ricanr epr esentationi nLegco
- Anel ect edKi kuyupar amountchi ef
- I ncr easededucat i
onaloppor tunitiesf orAf ri
cans

(
b)Des cr
ibeatl eaf
iverol
esplayedbyRonal dNgalaint heruggleforindependencei
n
Kenya
19.b)-Hej oinedt hecoaassociat
ion( CAA)in1
947whi chexpr essedthepr obl
emsandhopes
of
t
he Mi j
ikendapeople
-Hewasaf oundermemberoft heMombasaaf ricanDemocr at
icUnion
-Healsohel pedtoformtheKili
fiAfr
icanPeopl
esUni on
-In1957hewasel ectedtotheLegcot or
epresentcoar uralconi
tuency
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-Hewast het r easur erofAEMO
-AEMOf or cedt hecol oni algover nmentt oi nt roducet heLennox-Boydconi tutionof
1958
-Hewasi nr ument ali nt hef or mat ionofKADUt odef endt hei nteresoft hemi nor i
ty
Africangr oupsagai npossi bledomi nat ionbyKANU
-Hebecamet hepr esi dentofKADU
-Heat tendedt hef irLancaerHouseConf er encet odi scusst hei ndependence
-Hesuppor tedandcal l
edf ort her eleaseofdet ainedl eader s
-1960,hewasappoi nt edmi ni erf orl abour ,soci alsecur ityandadul teducat i
on
-1961 ,KADUundert hel eader shipofNgal af or medt he1i ndependencegover nment
-In1 962hebecamemi nierofat ef orconi tut ionalaf fairs
-In1 963hewasel ect edt ot heHouseofr epr esent ativesasamemberofKi l
if
i
20.( a)at ef ivef act or st hatcont ribut edt ot hegr owt hofNai robici tyi nKenya
20.a)-Avai labilityofwat er
-Conr uct ionoft heKenya-Ugandar ailway–i tact edasar ail
waydepot
-Wascent rallypl aced-act edasi nter sect ionofdi fferentt ranspor tr outes
-Tr adi ngact i
vi ties
-Eabl i
shmentofadmi ni rat i
vepos/mi litarypos
-Goodcl i
mat esui tabl ef orf ar mi ngandset tl
ement
-Coolt emper at ur eswhi chf avour edt heEur opeanset tlement
-F l
atl andsui tabl ef orr ai l
waywor kshopshenceencour agedset tlement s
(b)Expl ai nt hepos itiveef fect sofur bani zat iont oKenya
20.b)-Cr eat edempl oymentoppor tunit i
esf ormanyAf ricans
-Ledt of or mat i
onoft ribal /soci alwel fareassoci ations
-Pr omot ednat ionali nt egr at ion
-Ledt osmal lent repr eneur shi pe. g.t rader st oear nal iving
-Ledt or iseoft radeuni onst opr omot et hewel f
areofwor kers
-Ledt ocul tur ali nt er act ion
-Cr eat edmar ketf oragr icul tur alpr oduct si nt hesur r
oundi ngenvi r onment
-Indur iesexpandedduet oavai labi l
ityofl abour
21.(a)at ef ivef eat ur esofear lypol iti
calas s oci at i
onsi nKenyabet ween1 919-1935
21.a)-Theywer eet hni cbased
-Thei rgr ievanceswer equi tesi mi lar
-Theydi dnotadvocat ef ori ndependencebutcl amor edf orbet terl ivi
ngcondi tionsand
anend
to col oni alexpl oi tat i
on
-Theydi dnotat tractal ar gef ollowi ng
-Theywer el edbymi ssi oneducat edyoungmen
-Non-mi litarial
-For medi nr esponset osoci aleconomi cpr obl ems
(b)Expl ai nf i
vef act or st hatpr omot edt hegr owt hofAf ri
cannat i
onal ismi nKenyabet ween
1945and1 963
21.b)-Af ricanpar ti
ci pat ioni nt he2nd wor l
dWar
-Indi ansandBur masi ndependencei n1 947and1 948r espect ively,gavenat ional i
sa
rongur get of ightf ort hei rl i
ber at i
on
-KAUmobi li
zedAf ricansagai ncol oni alof ficet oi nituteconi tutionalchanges
-Af ri
canel ect edmember si nt heLegcoputpr essur et hr ought hei ror ganizationAEMO
-Ghana’ si ndependencei n1 957underKwamehNkr umahchampi onedt hecauseof
nat ional ir uggl et hr oughPanAf ricani sm
-F ormat ionofnat ionalpol iticalpar tiessuchasKANU,KADUandAPPi ntensif
iedt he
ruggle
-JomoKenyat t
apl ayedagr eatr ol
eoft ryi ngt ouni t
eKenyanagai ncol onialrul
e
-Br iti
shl abourpar tyt ookoverpoweraf ter1 945andi tspol icieswer eagai ncoloni zation
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-Maumauact ivi ties-madeAf ricansmor edet er minedt oachi evei ndependencet hrough
oathing
22.( a)Whatf act or sl edt ot hedevel opmentofmul ti
-par tydemocr acyi nKenyai nt heear ly
1990
22.a)-Weer nai dcondi tions–anumberofcount riesmadei tcl eart hatt heywoul dgr antaid
only
todevel opi ngcount riest hatembr aceddemocr at i
cpol ici
esandpl uralii
cpol i
tics
-Uni fi
cat ionofGer many–i tmar kedt heendoft hecol dwarandcommuni sm USSRl o
her
poweri nt hewor ldl eavi ngUSAt opr omot ei tspol iti
cali deol ogyofadvocat ingl i
beral
democr acy t hroughoutt hewor l
d
-Pol it
icalchangesi nt heUSSRe. g.someofherr epubl icsbr okeawayf r om t heuni on
and
arted i ndependentgover nment s.Thesedevel opment sspel tchangef orKenya
-Mul t
i-par tyhavi ngbeensuccessf ulinot hercount riese. g.Zambi a
-Pr essur ef rom t hechur che. g.RevNj oya,Bi shopMugeandBi shopHenr yOkul l
o
-Di ssat isfact ionwi t
ht he1 988gener alel ect i
ont hatwer eal l
egedt ohavebeenr i
giddue
to
the queui ngsyem
-KANU’ sr esponset ocr i
t icism e. g.t hosewhocr iti
ci zedt hegover nmentf orcor ruption
andot her
i
llswer ear reedandot her sexpel ledf rom KANU
-Pr essur ef rom l awyer sandj our nal i
s
-Sai totir evi ewcommi tteer epor tof1 990.asar esul toft her ecommendat i
onssect ion
2Aof
theconi t utionwasr eviewedr ever ti
ngt hecount r yt oamul ti
-par tydemocr acy
(
b)Expl ainhowt heexi enceofmanypar tieshaspr omot eddemocr acyi nKenya
22.b)-Theypr ovi deKenyanswi thanoppor t unityt oj oinpar tiesoft heirchoi ce
-Theypr omot eaccount abi li
tyandt ranspar encyi nt hegover nment
-Theymobi lizepeopl et opar ticipatei ndemocr at icpr ocessaswel lasdevel opment
-Theycr eat epubl icawar enessoncer taini ssuese. g.r ef erendum
-Theyhel ppr ovi
deanal ter nat iveper spect i
vesonpar liament arydebat eoncer t
ain
issues
l
ike chi ldr en’sr ight sandenvi r
onmentsel lal ternat i
vesi deast ot heci tizens
-Theycheckt heexcessesoft hegover nmentbyl et t
ingt hepubl i
cowt hei ll
sbei ng
doneby
t
hegover nmente. g.Angl o-l easingscandal
-Theyl aymor egr oundf ort r ainingt hef utur eleader s
23.(a)Gi vet hr ees ymbol sofnat ionaluni tyinKenya
23.a)-Thef lag
-Nat ionalant hem
-Loyal typl edge
-Coatofar ms
-Nat ionalawar ds
(b)Expl ains i
xf act or
swhi chpr omot enat ionaluni tyi nKenya
23.b)-Nat ionall anguagesi .
e.Ki swahi liandEngl ish
-Educat i
on–pupi lsar edr awnf rom di fferentet hni cgr oupst oi nteractf reel yi npublic
and
pr ivat eschool s
-Theconi t ution–pr otect sal lKenyanf rom anyf or m ofdi scrimi nati
onbasedonr ace,
colour
,t ribee. t.c.
-I nter mar r i
ages,spor tsandgames
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-Equaldi ributi
onofr esourcese. g.hospitals,schools
-Nat ionalphi losophiese.g.Har ambeeandNyayoi sm cal lunityamongdi f
fer
ent
et hniccommuni t
iestopul ltogetherthei rresourcesf ordevel opment -they
emphasi ze
peace, l oveanduni ty
-Ur banizat i
on
-Thei nituti
onoft hepresi dency–her epr esentsandpr otectsal lKenyans
24.(a)at ef ivewayst hroughwhi cht heKenyangover nmentr aisesitsrevenue
24.a)-Di rectt axese. g.payee,ampdut yandcapi t
algainst ax
-Indi rectt axese. g.salestax,cuom dut y,exci sedut y,VAT
-Sal eofgover nmentbondsandt reasurybi ll
s
-Pr ofitacqui redbypar aatals
-Char gesonpr ovisionofgover nmentser vicese. g.wat er,electri
city,medical
tr
eat ment
-Landr atesl eviesonl andpaidbyci ti
zensandcompani esasr ent
-Houser entfrom gover nmentbui l
dings
-F ees/levi esonf uelandmi ningf eespai dbymi ll
ers
-Cour tfines
-Tour ism f eespai dasent rancet ogamer eservesandnat ionalpar ks
(b)Des cri
bewaysi nwhi cht hepar l
iamenti nKenyacont rolsgover nmentexpendi tur
e
24.b) -Publ i
ci nvementcommi tteeensur esthatpubl icfinancei sspentf ortheintended
purpose

-Beforeanymoneyi sall
ocatedtothegovernmentmi ni
riesanddepart
ments,i
thast
o
beappr ovedbypar l
iament
-Governmentei mateshavet obeapprovedbyparli
amentaf tert
heyareprepar
edand
presentedbyt hemi ni
erforfi
nanceonbudgetday
-Allsupplementaryeimatesmubeappr ovedbypar l
iamentandi tal
sodemandsan
explanati
onwhenmoneyhast obereturnedtothet r
easury
-Parli
amentr equi
resallgovernmentexpendit
uret
obeaudi tedandtheaudi
ted
r
epor
ts
1.Identif
yonecommuni tyt hati spar toftheor igi
nalinhabit
antsofKenya
1. ( i
)TheKhoi san
(i
i)
TheSout her nCushi t
es
2.Gi vethemai ns ocialcuom t heAbas ubaadopt edfrom theLuo
2. -Language( Dhol uo)
3.at etwor easonswhyt hePor tugues ebuiltFortJesus
3 -Usedasawat ch-tower .Theycoul dspor ttheenemyf r
om farandpr epareforanat
tack
or
count eratt
ack
-Itser vedasahi dingpl aceagai nattacksbyt heirenemies
-Servedasami li
tarybase/ Barrack
-Itactedast hei rr esident ialplace
-Itactedasaor e.Theycoul dor etheirgoodsandt radi
ngi t
ems
-Itactedasacent reoft r
ade
-Itactedasacel l/
det entioncamp
-Itofferedthem secur it
yandpr otecti
on
4.Namet hef or
tifi
edvi l
lageswher et heMi j
ikendas ett
ledinKenyaby1 9th Cent
ury
4. -TheKayas
5.Ment i
ont womet hodsus edbyt heBr it
ishtopr omotes ett
lerfar
minginKenya
5. (i)Acquisitionofl andbyt heset t
lers
(i
i)Pr ovi
sionofl abour
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(iii
)Techni calassi ance
(iv)Tr anspor tandcommuni cation
(v)Secur ity
(vi)Cr edi tf aci l
ities
6.at et wocons equencesofBr iti
s hCol oni alLandPol ici
esi nKenyaby20th Cent ury
6.-Landl essness
-Devel opmentofsquat t ersyem
-Rer ict edt hemovementofAf ricans
-Over popul at ioni nt her eser ves
-over useofl andwhi chl edt osoi lerosi on
-InfluxofAf ricanst ot owns
-Br oughtmi ser y,pover t
yandf earamongAf ri
can
-Int r
oducedt heKi pandesyem
-Ri seofAf ricannat ional ipar ti
es
-Devel opmentofAf ricanwel f
ar eor gani zat i
ons
-Br oughtt hepaymentoft axes
7.Ment iononePor tugues eCommanderwhot ookpar tint heconqueoft heEaAf ri
canCoa
7.-Vasco- Dagama
-F r
ansi scodeAl mai da
-Pedr osAl ver esCabr al
-Lawr enceRavasco
8.Whatt wor eas onsl edt ot hecol laps eoft heI mper ialBr it
ishEaAf r
icancompany( IBEACO)
8.-Thecompanyl ackedqual if
iedadmi ni rators
-Mi smanagementoff undsbyt hecompanyof f
ici
als(cor rupt i
on)
-Vaar eaf ort hef ewof f
icial stomanage
-SomeAf r i
can communi tiesr esiedt hecompanyr ule
-Theyl ackedf unds f ori t’sdayt odayact ivi
t i
es
-Poorcommuni cat ionbet weent hecompanyof f
ici
alsandcol onialoffi
ceinBr i
tai
n
(poorco- or di nat ion)
-Theof ficial swer eaf fect edbycl imat iccondi t i
onsandt ropi caldiseaseslikemalari
aet .
c
-Ri valryf rom t heGer manEaAf ricancompany
-Poori nf rar uct ur ehi nder edi tsef fectivenesse. g.lackofnavi gablerivers
-Lackofr at egi cnat ur alr esour cesf orexpor t
9.I dent ifyt heChr ii
anMi ssionar ywhoeabl ishedamedi calat ionatThogot oin1907.
9.- Dr.J.W.Ar thur
10.Namet woi ndependentAf r
icanChur chesi nKenyabef ore1 940.
10. -Nomi yaLUoChur ch
-Di niyaMusambwa
-Di niyaRoho
-Af ricanI ndependentChur ch
-LuoJor ohoChur ch
-Af r icanOr thodoxChur ch
11.NameanAf ricanappoi nt edasaMi nierf orHous i
ngaf terLonoxBoydConi tut
ion
propos alof1 958.
11-MusaAmal emba
12.Whati st hemai nr ol eofKenyaant i
-cor ruptionCommi s sion?
12.- Toi nvei gat eandpr osecut eof ficers/ bodi es/fi
rmsi nvol vedi ncor rupti
ondeal
13.at et wodevel opmentr ight sofachi l
d.
13.–Educat ion
-Pl ayandl ei sur e
-Accesst oi nf ormat ion
-Soci alsecur i
t y
-Par ent all ove
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14.Namet woor gansofgover nmentt hatpr omot enat ionaluni tyi nKenya.
14.-Asi ngl ecur riculum t aughti nschool s
-Publ icschool senr oll
edchi ldrenf rom al lcommuni t
ieswi t houtdi scri
mi nat i
on
15.Ident i
fyt wot ypesofdi r
ectt axespai dbyKenyans .
15.-I ncomet ax/ PAYE
-Wi thhol dingt ax
-Capi talgai nt ax
-Cor por at et ax
16.Nameonepar liament arycommi tteet hatmoni tor
sgover nmentexpendi tur einKenya.
16.-Par l
iament ar yAccount scommi ttee( PAC)
-Par li
ament ar yI nvementCommi t
tee( PIC)
17.Ident i
fyt heKenyanl eaderwhoi ntroducedt heHar ambeephi los ophy.
17.-MzeeeJomoKenyat t
a
18.(a)I dent ifyt hr eecommuni ti
esoft heWeer nBant usofKenya.
18..a)–Abal uhya
-Abagusi i
-Abakur ia
(b)Des cribet hemi grat i
onands ett l
ementoft heWeer nBant usi ntoKenya.
18.b)-Or igi nat edf rom t heCongor egi onal ongsi der eoft heBant us
-MovedNor t
hEawar dsi nt oEaer nUganda
-Abagusiset tl
edar oundMt .El gon
-In1 500ADt heAbagusi imovedsout hi ntoYi mboandAl egoI
-In1 600ADt hear r i
valoft heLuof or cedt heAbagusit omovei nt oKanopl ains
-TheAbagusi imi gratedi nt okabi angabef oret heKi psigi sf orcedt hem i ntot heGusi i
highlands
-TheAbakur iamovedsout ht hr oughYi mboar ound1 7th C
-TheAbakur iami grat edar oundChepal ungut oset t
lei nt ot hepr esentKur i
al andin1800
-TheAbal uhyahaddi verseor igins
-TheMar agol ibr okeof ffr
om t heAbakur iaandAbagusi ii nt he1 6th C.
-TheBukusu evol vedar oundMt .Elgonandspr eadi nBungomaar ound1 8th C
-TheSami aandBanyal ami gr atedt ot hei rpr esenthomel andsf r
om Sout her nUganda
19.(a)Namet hr eecommodi t i
est hatwer eexpor tedt oAr abi afr om t heKenyanCoa.
19.a)–I vor y
-Sl aves
-Rhi noser oushor ns
-Ani malski ns
-Or ichf eat her s
-Copper
-Gol d
-Tor toiseshel l
s
(b)Expl aint hef actor st hatl edt ot hedevel opmentoft heI ndi anOceanTr ade.
19.b)-Avai labi li
tyofgoodsr equi redbyt rader s
-Rel ativepeaceandabi l
ityal ongt heCoa
-Hi ghdemandf orgoodsf rom EaAf ri
caandAr abia
-Exi enceofnat ur alhabour smadet heKenyanCoaeasi l
yaccessi bl
ebysea
-Themonsoonwi ndsassi edt het rader st oeasi lyt ravelt oandf rom thecoa
-Exi enceofent erpr i
singmer chant sbot hinKenyaandAr abi a
20.( a)Gi vet hr eef actor sthatl edt ot hei ssuingoft heDevons hi rewhi t
epaperof1 923
20.a)-Thei nfluenceoft hedualmandat e( abookoft hel eagueofnat i
onst hathas
regul at ions concer ningmandat es)–I twascommi t
tedt othepr incipleoft r
ueeshi
p
wher eby i twasi nter eedoni tsAf ricanpopul at iont hanEur opeanset tlement
-TheI ndi anopposi tiont ot hepr ivil
egedposi tionofEur opeanset t
lers.
-Ther iseofr aceconf lictsi .e.Af ricanver susEur opeandomi nionandal soEur opean
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ver susAsi anconf li
ct
-Thedeci sionbyt hecol onialgover nmentt obanr acialsegr egat ionapar tfrom the
whi tehi ghl andsonl y,di sappoi ntedt heset tl
erswhodi dn’twantt hebant obel i
ft
ed
hence
theysentadel egat i
ont oLondont oseet hecol oni alsecret aryt hedukeof
Devonshi re.
-Theneedt oar re/ opar acialwar
-TheAf r i
cangener alresent mentonl andal ienation,f orcedl abour ,taxationsyem,
Kipandesyem,l owwagesandnopol i
ticalr epresent atione. t.
c
(b)Expl ains ixef fect soft heconr uct i
onoft heKenya- Ugandar ail
way.
20.b)-Devel opmentoft ownsl ikeNai r
obi ,Nakur uandEl dor et
-i mul at ed devel opmentoft elecommuni cat i
onsyemsl i
ket elegr aph
-Enhancedt heBr i
tishcont roloverKenyabyeasi ngmovementofsol dier sand
admi nirators
-Alienat ionofAf ricanl andf ori tsconr uction
-imul at edi nt ernalandext ernalt r
adebasedonl ocalagr i
culturalpr oducel iket ea,
pyr ethr um,mai zeandcof f
ee
-Of f
er edempl oymentt oAf r
icans
-Pr ovidedt hecol oni algover nmentwi theadysour ceofi ncome
-Pr omot edandeasedt hespr eadofChr i
ianity
-Pr omot ionofnat ionalism byenhanci ngi nteractionamongAf ricans
-Emer genceofI ndi ancommuni tiesi nt hecount rywhol at
ercont ribut edt ot he
devel opmentof
theeconomy
21.(a)Lianyt hr eepol iti
calpar t
iest hatwer ef ormedi nKenyabef ore1 939.
21.a)-EaAf ricanAssoci ation
-Ki kuyuCent ralAssoci ati
on
-Kavi rondot axpayer swel f
ar eassoci ation
-Ukambamember sassoci ation
-CoaAf r i
canassoci at ion
-Tai taHi l
lsassoci at i
on
(b)Expl ains ixwaysi nwhi cht heexi enceofmanypol it
icalpart i
eshaspr omot ed
democr acy
inKenya.
21.b)-I thaspr omot edf reedom ofexpr essi onandchoi ce/ freedom ofspeech
-Hasr educedabuseofpowerandpr iviledgesbyl eader s
-Haspr omot edr espectf orhumanr ight sinKenya
-Hascr eat edt r anspar encyi ngover nmentdeal ings
-Haspr omot edf reedom ofassoci ati
onbypr ovidingal ter
nativepar ti
esf ort hepeopl e
-Haspr ovi dedpeopl eaf or um t oexpr esst heirviewsonhowacount ryshoul dbe
managed
-Hasmadet hegover nmentmor eaccount ablet ot hepeopl et hroughconantcr i
tici
sm
-Haspr ovi dedasyem ofscr utinizinggover nmentexpendi t
uret hr oughPI CandPAC
-I thasmadepeopl ef eelf reet ocont ribut et oanyaspectofdevel opmentnt hecount ry
withoutf eel ingi nt i
mi dated
-Ithasenabl edpeopl ewhowi sht of orm pol iti
calpar tiest ogoahead
22.( a)at eanyf ivepeacef ulwaysofr es olvingconf li
ctsi nKenya.
22.a)-Thr oughnegot iat i
ons/ diplomacy
-Thr oughar bi trations
-Thr oughmedi at i
ons
-Thr oughl itigat ions
-Thr oughl egi slat ions
-Byuseofcounci lofel ders
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-Useofpeacekeepi ngmi ssion
-Thr ought heChur ch/ cl ergy/ paor s
( b)Des cr i
bes ixpr epar at ionsmadebyI nter imIndependentel ect oralcommi ssionof
Kenya
( I
.I .E. C. )bef or egener alel ect i
onsar emadei nKenya.
22.b)-Mar ki ngboundar i
esofconi t
uenci es
-Regi rat ionofvot ers
-Cr eat ingnewconi tuenci esi fneedbe
-Choosi ng/ recr uitingofel ect ionof f
icialssuchasr eturningof ficers,pr esi
dingof f
icer
s,
elect ioncl er kse. t.c
-Pr epar at ionofel ect ionmat er ialse. gbal lotpaper sandboxes
-Nomi nat ionofcandi dat est ocont evar iousseat si nt heelect i
on
-Ar r angi ngf orsecur ityofbal lotpaper sandboxesandf orgener alvot ingday
-Or gani zingf ort ranspor tationofel ect oralof f
icialsandmat er i
als
-Exami nat ionofvot er sr egi er st or emovedeadvot ersfrom t her egier
23.(a)I dent ifyt hes our cesofr evenuef orl ocalaut hor it
iesi nKenya.
23.a) -Gr ant sf rom t hecent r algover nment
-F eeschar gedonser vicesr ender edbyt hecounci l
s
-Sal eofl icencest ot hepubl ic
-F i
nesi mposedonof fender s
-Cessmoneycol lect edf rom pet t
y/ mi nort rader s
-Ser vi cechar gepai dbyt her esi dent s
-Ai df rom donoragenci esandcount ri
es
-Rat esonpr oper t y
-Loansf rom f inanci ali ni tutions
-Pr of itsf r om counci linvement s
-Rent schar gedonhousesandof ficepl acesf orlocalaut horities
( b)Whatar et hechal lengesf aci ngl ocalaut horiti
esi nKenya?
23.b)-Somel ocalaut hor iti
esar et oosmal lt ooper ateont heirownef fectivel
y
-Thosewi thhi ghpopul at i
onf acemanagementpr oblemssi ncei trainsavailable
resour ces
-Manydonothavear ongf inanci albase/ shor t
ageoff unds
-Exi enceofi nef ficientr evenuecol lect i
onsyem
-Taxevasi onsbyi ndi vidual sandor gani zat i
ons
-Mi sappr opr iat i
on/ mi smanagementoff undsbycor ruptoffi
cer s
-Pol iticali nter ference i nt heaf f
ai rsandmanagementoft hel ocalaut horit
ies
-Conf lictsbet weencounci lor sandChi efof fi
cers
-Lackofaut onomyduet ot oomuchcont r olbyt hecent ralgover nment
-Wi despr eadcor rupt ioni nt hecounci l
-Lackofqual ifiedaf finar easofadmi nirationandf i
nanci almanagement
-Pooraf fr emuner ations/ salar iesdel ayevenf or1 0mont hs
-Over -empl oymentt husr ainingt hei rfinanci alabi l
iti
es
-El ect ionofi ll
iter atecounci lor st omanaget heaf fai
r soft heaut hor i
ties
-Poori nf rar uct uresi nt hecounci ls
-Vandal ism off aci li
tiesof fer edbyt hel ocalaut hor it
ies
24.(a)I dent ifycat egor iesofci vils ervant swhos eappoi ntment sarenots ubjecttot hepubli
c
ser vicecommi s si
on.
24.a)-Per sonalaf foft hepr esi dent
-Judgesoft heHi ghCour tandcour tofAppeal
-Theaudi torandcont r ollerGener al
-Ambassador sandHi ghCommi ssioner s
-Per manentsecr etar ies
(b)Expl ai nt hei mpor tanceoft hei nitut i
onofpar liamenti nKenya. pres entedtoi tfor
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com
scrut i
ny
anddebat e.Thi si sdonebyt hepubl icAccount sCommi ttee
24.b)-Par l
iamenti st hesupr emel awmappi ngi ni
tutioni nthecount ry.Itsl awsar ebinding
toever ybody
-Par li
amentr epr esent st hei nteresoft heel ectorateasi t’smadeupoft heel ectorat
e
asi t
i
smadeupoft hei rel ectedr epresent atives
-Checksont heabuseofpowerbyt heexecut iveandt huspr omot esgood
gover nance
andaccount abili
ty
-It
’sempower edt ocont rolrevenuecol lect i
onandgover nmentexpendi t
uree. g.
annual
budget sar eappr ovedbypar li
ament
-Canpassavot eofnotconf idencei nt hegover nmentoft heday
-Itisempower edt oinvei gat
et heactiviti
esofanypubl i
cof fi
ceri fitf eel
sthatt he
personi s
notdoi ngwel l
-Ensur est hatt hegover nmentr evenuei sspentpr oper l
ye. g.donet hrought he
cont roller
and audi torgener al
1.ateoneeconomi cwayt hroughwhi cht heLuoandt heAbagus iiinteracteddur i
ngt he
pre- colonialper i
od
1.- trade
2.Namet wogr oupsoft heLuowhohadent er edKenyabyt he1 7th Centur y
2.-Joka- jok( 15th c)
-Joka- winy( 17th c)
3.at et wor easonswhyt heAkambagoti nvolvedi nthel ongdi ancet radedur i
ngt hepre-
coloni al
per i
od
3.-TheAkambawer er ategi callyposi t
ionedbet weenhecoaandt hef ertilehighlandsof
cent ral
Kenya.
-Ukambaniwassui tabl ef oragr icult
urehencet heyvent uredi ntot rade.
-Theywer eski l
ledhunt er sandwer eabl et ogeti voryandot herani malpr oductsfor
trade.
-Theyhaddevel opedgoodcont actswithl ocalpeopl e.
-Theyhadr ichmer chant swhof inancest heirt radee. g.chiefKi voi
4.Namet woear lyChr ii
anmi s sionarieswhohel pedi nt ranslat
ingt heBi blet olocallanguages

4.-JohannLudwi gKr apt

-JohannRebman
5.atethemai nfactor sthatcontributedt othedeclineofgoldtradedur i
ngtheperiodof
Port
ugues e
rul
eont heCoaofEaAf ri
ca
5. –Smuggl i
ng
6.Givetwowaysi nwhi chruraltor uralmigrat
ioninKenyacont ri
butestonati
onaluni t
y
6.-Itpromotesi nteret hni
ci nt
egr ati
on.
-I tpromotespeacef ulcoexience/ harmoniouslivi
ngbetweendi ff
erentcommuni t
ies
7.atetwoci r
cumancesunderwhi cht her ighttoli
feofKenyanci t
izencanbet akenaway
7.-Topr eventtheescapeofapr isonerori nthepr ocessoflawfularr
e.
-I ntheeventofwar
-I ncaseofr ebellion,riot
sormut ing
-Topr eventaper sonf r
om commi tti
ngacr ime
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cesCal
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-Insel fdef ense
-Tocar ryoutdeat hsent encebycour t.
8.at et woadvant agesofunwr i
tt
enconi tution
8. i)I tpr eser vest het r
adi ti
onsofanat ion
ii)Iti ssi mpl et oamend
iii
)I tisi ndi genousandt her ef oresui tedt oaat e
iv)I ti sf lexi ble.Canbechangedwi t hci rcumances
9.Whati sdemocr acy?
9.-I tist her uleoft hepeopl edi rect lyort hroughr epr esent ations
10.at et hei mpor t anceoft heHel igol antt r
eat yof1 890t ot hel aterhi oryofEaAf r
ica?
10.- Itcompl et edt hepr ocessofscr ambl eandpar titionofeaAf rica
11.Namet wocommuni ti
eswhodi spl ayedmi xedr eact ionst oEur opeanr ul
ei nKenya
11. i )Akamba
ii)Agi kuyu
iii
)Luo
12.Gi vet hemai nr eas onwhypol lt axwasi nt roducedi nnKenyadur ingt hecol onialperi
od
12.-Tof or ceAf ricanst owor konEur opeanset tlerf ar ms
13.Namet wof oundermember soft heYoungKi kuyuAs sociation
13. i )Har ryThuku
ii)Abdal l
aTai r ar a
14.Whati st hemai nf unct ionoft heCi vi
lSer vicei nKenya?
14.-Toi mpl ementgover nmentpr ogr ammes
15.Namet heNat ionalphi l
os ophyus edi mmedi atelyKenyaachi evedi ndependence
15.-Af ricansoci alism
16.at et wocaus esofdi visionswi thint heoppos it
ionpol i
ticalpar t
iess ince1 992
16. - et hni caf fi
liat ions
-ext er nali nt er ferencef rom gover nment
-ideol ogi caldi ffer ences
-suspensi onbasedonper sonaldi ff
er encesamongl eader s
-conf lictsoverl eader shi p/power /
weal th/fame
17.Whati st hemai nconi tutionalchangemadebyt het ent hpar l
iament
17.- creat ionoft heof ficeoft hepr imemi nier
18.( a)at ef i
veeconomi cf act orsf ort hemi gr ationofKenyans ocieties
18.a) i )Sear chf orwat erandpaur es
ii)Sear chf orl andt ocul ti
vat e
iii
)Theuseofi ront ool sandweaponshel pedt hem t ocl earl arget ractsoflandto
def endt hemsel ves
iv)Sear chf ornewar east ohuntandgat herf ood
v)Expansi onoft rade.
(b)Des cr ibet hepol iti
calor gani zat i
onoft heBor anadur ingt hepr e-colonialperi
od
18.b) i )i
twasdi vi dedi ntot wohal vesasmoi etieswhi chwer ef urthersub- divi
dedi nt
o
sub- moi et ies.
ii)Sub- moi et i
eswer esub- divi dedint ocl ans
iii
)Cl anst r acedt heiror i
ginst oacommondescent .
iv)Eachmoi etywasr uledbyaher edi taryl eaderownasKal lu.Hewasal soa
rel igiousl eaderandel ect edage- setl eader s
v)TheKal lur ul edwi t
ht hehel poft hecounci lofel ders
vi)Thecl ansl ivedi ncampsunderacounci lofel derswhosedut i
esi ncludedmaki ng
andenf or cing r ules,l andandwel lowner ship,Mar ri
ages,di spute,t hef
tandr ape
cases
andr el igi onscer emoni es
vii)Boyswer eci rcumci sedandf ormedage- set( Hariyya)whi chdef endedt he
communi ty
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19.( a)at ef i
vef act orst hatf aci lit
atedt hedevel opmentofi nt ernat ionalt radebet weent heCoa
19.a) i )Longhi oricallinksbet weent hecoaandot herpar tsoft hewor l
de. g.t heF arEa
ii)Seyyi dSai dpl ayedani mpor tanti npr omot ingt her ol eoft r
adee. g.heencour aged
f
or eignt rader st ocomet ot hecoa,l evi eduni fiedcuom dut y,si gnedcommer ci
al
tr
eat i
eswi tht heUSAet c
iii
)Hei mpr ovedmonet ar ysyem byi nt r
oduct i
onsmal lcoppercoi nsandsi l
vercur r
ency
iv)Ther ewasavai labilityofgoodswhi chwer ei nhi ghdemandi nt hei nt ernational
mar ket .
v)Deephar bour satt hecoa
vi)F reshwat erandf oodatt hecoa
vii)Peaceandsecur i
tyatt hecoa
viii)Tr ader out est ot hei nter i
or
ix)Spr eadofbr utishi nf luencet ot hei nter ior.
x)Tr adewasf inancedbyr ichmer chant s
(b)Expl ai nf i
vepr obl emsf acedbyOmanr uler sineaAf rica
19.b) i )Ther ewasconantr ebel lionf rom t hecoaalt owns
ii)Ther ewasci vilwarbacki nt heircount ry
iii
)TheOmanr uler swer ehar shandr uthlessasar esul tt heywer ehat edbyt hecoaal
peopl e.
iv)Theywer eat t
ackedbyseapr i
vatesal ongt heI ndianOcean.
v)Br iti
shar rivalatt hecoat hr eatenedt hei rdomi nance
20.( a)Whydi dt heBr it
is hus edi rectr uleinadmi nier i
ngmopar tsofKenya?
20.a) i )Ther ewer emayet hni cgr oupswi thdi versesoci o- cult uralsyem whi chmadei t
dif
ficul t
f
ort heBr iti
sht oappl yi ndi rectr ule
ii)Mocommuni ti
esdi dnothavecent ralizedadmi nirat i
vesyem t her et heBr it
ish
appoi nted
chi efs
iii
)Ther ewasanexi ti
ngsyem ofdi rectweusedbyt hei mper ialBr itisheaAf ri
ca
companyonwhi cht heBr itishbui l
tt hei radmi nirat ion
iv)Mocommuni tiesr esi edBr iti
shr uleandsot heyhadt obecont rol l
eddi rectly
v)Hadenoughadmi ni rative
(b)Des cr i
bet hepr obl emsas soci atedwi thMoi ’sl eader s hipaspr esidentofKenya
20.b)-Hewasaut horitar i
an.Ther ewast ortur eanddet ent ionwi t
houtt rial
-Ther ewer esever alt ribalcl ashesi nvar iouspar tsoft her iftvalleybl amedonhi s
gover nment
-Pover t yandt hespr eadofHI V/AI DS
-Vi olationofhumanr ight se. g.t hemur der sofRober tOukoandAl exanderMuge
-Demandf orpol i
ticalpl uralism l edt or i
ot scausi ngdeat hsofmanypeopl eand
der uct ion
ofpr oper ty.
-Poorr elat ionwi t
hSudanEt hiopi aandSomal i
21.( a)Gi vet womai nchal lengest hathavef acedt her e-wr itingofKenyaconi tuti
on
21.a)-Pol iticali nterfer ence
-F inanci alconr ains
-Sel fi
shambi tionofl eader s
-Pol it
icaldi fferencesont hemodet obef ollowed.
-I ll
iteracyoft hemasses
(b)Expl ai ns ixchal l
engesf acingt heeducat i
ons ect ori nKenyat oday
21.b) -I nef f
icientf undst oadequat el yr emuner atet eacher sanddevel opl ear ningf acil
it
ies
-Inadequat el earningf aci lit
iese. g.cl assroomsl abor ator ieset c
-Hi ghdr opoutr ateduet ol ack0fschoolf eesandpr egnancyofgi rls
-Mor aldecayi nschool s,dr ugabuse,r i
kes/ indisci pline
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-Cor rupt ionandmi smanagementofl ear ningi nituti
onandembezzl ementoff unds
-Educat i
oni sexpensi veandcol yf oror dinaryKenyans
-Lackofcl eareducat ionpol icies/ frequentchangesandr evi si
onofcur ri
cul um
22.(a)Gi vet hr ees ymbol sofNat ionaluni ty
22.a)i )Thenat ionalf lag
ii)Thenat ional
iii)Thecoatofar ms
iv)Thel oyal typl edge
v)Thepr esidency
vi)Theconi tut ion
vii)Thenat ionall anguage
(b)Expl ai ns i
xf act or st hatunder mi nef r
eeandf airel ect i
onsi nKenya
22.b)i )t ribal ism/ ethni cpeopl echoosi ngl eader sont r
iball i
nes
ii)Ri ggi ngofvot esdur ingcount ing
iii)Vi ol enceandchaoswhi chhi nder st hevot ingpr ocess
iv)Cor rupt i
on/ br iber yofvot ers
v)I l
liter acyhencesomeKenyanscannotbeabl et omar kbal l
otpaper s
vi)I nadequat eci vileducat i
on- vot er sar enotsensi tizedont heirrighttovot e
vii)Al cohol ism anddr ugabuseusedbycandi datest ohi revot ers
23.(a)Namef ives our cesofr evenuef ormuni cipalcounci lsinKenya
23.a) i )licenses- sal esofl icenset obusi nesspeopl e
ii)F inest ot hosewhobr eakst heby- lawsoft hel ocalaut horit
ies
iii)Gr unt sf rom t hecent ralgover nment .
iv)Rent sonpr oper tyl ikel andownedbyl ocalaut hor i
ties
v)Cesst axesoncr opst hr oughcooper atives
vi)Pr of itsf rom i nvement s
vii)Loansanddonat ionse. g.f rom t hemi ni ryofl ocalgover nment
viii)F eeschangedonwat ermor tuar y( ser vices)
(b)Des cr i
bet hepr obl emsf acingt hel ocalaut hor i
ti
es
23.b)i )I nadequat ef undst of inanceoper ations
ii)Mi sappr opr iateandmi smanagementoff unds/ cor rupt i
on
iii)Lackofaut onomyf rom t hecent ralgover nmentwhi chcausesdel ayshence
ineff
iciency.
iv)Pol i
t icali nt erfer encebypeopl ewel lconnect edt ot hecent ralgover nment
v)Dupl icat i
onofr oleswi tht hecent ralgover nment
vi)I ncr easi ngpopul at i
onhencer isefsl umsunpl annedr uctures,envi ronment al
degradat ion,
HIV/ AI DSr eetf ami l
ieset c
vii)Tr afficcongei onduet opoorpl anni n
24.(a)at ef ivechal lengest hegover nmenti sf acingi nr aisingi tsrevenue
24.a) i )somepeopl eevadepayt ax
ii)Peopl egi vewr ongi nfor mat ionhencet heyendupr educi ngt heamountpayabl ein
taxes
iii)Thosewhoassesst axesar ebr ibedsot hatt heygi vef alsif
iedassessmentmaki ng
thegover nmentl ooseal otofmoney.
iv)Somer ichKenyansdeposi tt hei rmoneyi nfor eigncount r i
eshencedenyi ngKenya
access
tot hemoney.
v)Donorf undscomewi thr ingsat tacked
vi)Loansar ei ssuedwi t hver yhi ghi nter er ates
vii
)Gover nmentr elianceonf or ei gndebtat tract sheavypenal ti
esonf ail
ingtopay
hence
debtcr isis
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(b)Des cribewayst hroughwhi cht hegover nmentofKenyaens urespubl i
cfinancei snot
mi sus ed
24.b)i )Par liamentappr ovesal lgover nmentexpendi tur ebyt hemi niri
es
ii)Ther ei sapar l
iament ar ycommi tteet hatscr utinizesal laccount sr eportf rom
gover nment
mi nir i
ese. g.publ ici nvementcommi ttee,publ icaccount scommi ttees( PAC)et c.
iii
)Per manentsecr etariesi nt hemi niriesar echi efaccount ingofficers.Theyar e
responsi ble
foral lthemoneyal locatedt omi ni ri
es
iv)Al lgover nmentcont ractsar epubl iclyadver t i
sedf ortheawar dingoft ender s
v)Thegover nmenteabl ishedt heKenyaant i-corrupt ioncasesi nanon- partisan
manner
vi)Put ti
ngi npl acemechani smst ocur br evenueevasi one.g.weal thdecl arationfor
allgover nmentempl oyees
vii)Al lgover nmentsuppl ement aryexpendi t
ur ebyt hegover nmentmi niri
esmuget
appr ovalofpar l
iament
1.Namet woKenyancommuni tiest hatar epar toft hepl ainNi lot
es
1.i)I teso
ii)Maasai
iii
)Tur kana
iv)Ji e
v)Nj emps
2.Gi veonemai nr eas onwhyt heAr abscamet oKenyancoa
2.Tot rade
3.I dent ifytwof actorst hatcont ributedt ot hes preadofI sl
am al ongt heKenyancoai nar ound
1500A. D
3.i )Tr ade
ii)Ar abi mmi gr at
ioni ntoEaAf r
ica
iii
)TheI slami cschool seabl ishedal ongt hecoaofEaAf rica
iv)TheSwahi liculturewhi chhadmai nl
yI slami cel ement s
v)I nt ermar riagesbet weent heMusl im andt hei ndi genouscommuni ti
esal ongt hecoaof
Ea Af r i
ca
4.Gi vet wot er msoft hehel igol andt reatyof1 890
4. i )Ger manyof fi
ciallyr ecogni zedt hatUgandawasaBr iti
shspher eofi nfl
uence.TheBr it
ish
also
laidcl aimsoverKenya
ii)Ger manyabandonedhercl aim overwi tu
iii
)TheBr itishgaveupHel i
gol and,ani sl
andi nt heNor thseat oGer many
iv)Ger manyacqui redar i
pofl andonTanganyi kaandpur chasedt hecoaofTanganyi ka
fr
om t heSul t
anofZanzi bar
v)TheSul tanofZanzi barr etainedt he16km coaalr i
p
5.at et wopower sgivent otheI mper ialBr i
tishEaAf ricanCompanybyt her oyalchar terof
1888
5.i )Toeabl ishpol i
ticalaut hor ityinBr it
ishEaAf ricaandmai ntai
ngener alor derand
secur i
ty

ii)Todevel opandr egul atet radebyf acil

it
ati
ngt hemovementofgoodsandpeople
betweent hecoaandt hei nter
ior
iii
)Tocol l
ectt axesandi nit
ut ecuom dut yint hear ea
iv)Todevel opandci vi
lizet hei ndigenouspeopl ethroughoppi
ngofslavet
rade,devel
opi
ng
meansoft ransport,educat ionandheal t
hf acil
iti
es
v)Toexpl oitthenat uralr esour cesinthecol oniesonbehalfofBr
it
ain
vi)Topr otecttheChr i
ianmi ssionari
esinKenya
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6.Namet woWomenl eadersoftheAgyriamaresianceagaintheBr i
ti
shinvas
ionandrul
e
6.i )Mekatili
liwamenza
ii
)Wanj ewaMador i
ka
7.Namet hefirAfri
canc hai
rmanoftheAf ri
canDirictsCounci
lsinKenyaappoint
edin1958
7.PascalNabwane
8.Gi veonepr ovisi
onoft henati
velandt r
uordinanceof1 930
atedt hatAfr
icanreservesbelongedtot heAfri
cansper manentl
y
9.atet wodut iesoftheleaderofgovernmentbus inessinKenya
9. i)Chai r
ingweekl ycommi t
teemeetingsonpr oceduralmot i
ons,i
ncludi
ngmotionsof
adjournment

ii)Secondi ngmobi l
lsmovedbymi ni
er s
iii)Consul tingr egul arlywi tht hel eaderoft heof fici
alopposi ti
ononpar li
ament aryissues
10.I dent i
fyonel andmar kconi tutionalamendmentt hatwasmadei nKenyai n1991
10.i )Repealofsect i
on2Aoft heconi tutiont hatr ever t
edbacki ntoamul t
ipartyate
i
i)Thepr esi dentt er m ofser vi cewasl i
mi tedt oat wof i
veyeart er m
11.Gi veonewayi nwhi c ht heSwynner tonpl anof1 954benef i
tedt heAf ri
cansi nKenya
11. i )Itpr ovi dedf orl andconsol i
dat ionandr egi r
ationt hereforeenabl i
ngAf ri
canst oget
titl
edeedst ot hei rlands
ii
)I tal soenabl edAf r icanst oacqui r
el oansusi ngthesecur i
tytheyhadobt ainedi.etitl
e
deeds
12.I dent if
yonef orm ofc hi
ldabus e
Expl oitat i
on
ii)Chi ldl abour
iii
)Sexualabuse
iv)Di scr imi nati
on
v)Exposur et odr ugs
vi)Bat ter ing
13.at et wor olesoft hepubl ics ervicec ommi ssioni nKenya
13.i )I tappoi nt s,conf i
rm andexer ci
sedi sciplinarycont r
oloverci vilservants
ii)Adver tisesvacanci esi nt heCount ryi nt hel ocaldai l
iesort heKenyaGazet t
e
iii
)Itdeal swi t
hpr omot ionsandt ransf ersofci vilservantst oi mproveef fi
ciency
iv)Itcani nterdi ctorsuspendof ficer s,r etirethem i npubl icint ereort erminatetheir
ser vices
14.Whoas sent st opar liament ar ybi ll
sbef or et heybecomel awsi nKenya
14.i )Thepr esi dentoft her epubl i
cofKenya
15.Gi veonet ypeofl ocalaut hor it
yi nKenya
15.i )Ci tycounci l
ii)Muni cipalcounci ls
iii
)Count ycounci ls
iv)Towncounci ls
v)Ur banandar eacounci ls
16.Nameonet ypeofaco- oper atives ociet yfoundi nKenyat oday
16. i )consumercooper ative
ii)Pr oducercooper ative
iii
)savi ngsandcr edi tcooper ative
17.at et wowaysi nwhi cht hegover nmentofKenyahasencour ageds portsint hecountry
17.i)Kenyahasspor tsof fi
cer si never ydi rict
ii)Physi caleducat ioni spar tofpr i
mar yandsecondar ycur ri
culum inKenya
iii)Kenyat tauni ver sityt r
ai nst eacher supt opogr aduateleveli nvar i
ousaspect sof
spor t
s
iv)Pr esi dentMwaiKi bakii n2004awar dedcommendat ionst ospor tsmenandwomeni n
r
ecogni t i
on oft heirr olei nt hepr omot ionofspor tsint hecount r y
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v)Spor tsf aci l
itieshavebeeni mpr ovede. gMoii nternat ionalspor tscent rekasar ani
vi)Thegover nmentgi vesi ncent i
vest ot heout andi ngper fomer se. g.ksh300, 000t o
500, 000for
anygol dmedal
18a)Whydi dt heBant umi grat efr om t hei ror iginalhomel and?
18.a) -Ther ewasani ncr easei npopul ationt hust heneedf orl andf orset tl
ement
-Theyneededl andf orgr azi ngpaur e
-Inter nalconf l
ict s
-Ext er nalat tacks
-Out br eakofdi seases/epi der mi cs
-Dr oughtandf ami ne
-Somemi gr atedf ort hesakeofadvent ure
b)Des cr ibet hepol iticalor gani zat i
onoft heAkambadur ingt hepr e-colonialper i
od
18.b) -Thebasi cpol i
t icaluni twast hecl an
-Thecl anwasr ul edbyacounci lofel der s
-Theakambasoci et ywasdi videdi ntovar iousagegr adeandageset s
-Thel oweage- gr adewast hatofj uniorel der swhodef endedt hecommuni t ywar rior
s
-Thenexti nr ankwast hej uniorel der swhopr ecidedovermi norcases
-Fullel derspr eci dedovert hemaj orcases
-TheAkambahadadecet raliaedsyem ofgover nment /aut onouscl ans
19.a)Out l
inet hef irthr eeagesofPor tugues econqueoft hecoaalt ownsi nEaAf rica
19.
a) -I n1 500Pedr oAl var escabr alconj uredsof ala
-In1 502vascoDagamaat tachedt het ownofKi l
waandZanzi barandot hercoaal
towns
wer econquer edbyRuyLour encoRavascoandf or cedt opayt ri
bute.
-In1 505MombasaandKi lwawer econquer edbyF ranci scoDAl melda
-Bet ween1 506- 7Lamuwasconquer edbyTr iaaodacunma
-1509maj ia,PembaandZanzi barwer ebr oughtunderPor tugueser ul
ing
b)Explai ns i
xf act or st hatl edt ot hedecl ineoft hePor t ugues eruleatt heCoaofEa
Afri
ca
19.b)-Thedecl ineoft heI ndianOceant radedeni edt hem r evenuet osuppor t
admi ni rati
ve act ivit
ies
-ThePor tugueseof f
icialswer ecor ruptandpocket edf undswhi chwoul dhavebeen
used
t omanaget heempi r e.
-Por tugueseof ficer swer ecr uel /
rut hlesst ot heAf ri
cansandAr abswhor esented
than
andt her efor edi dnotcooper ate.
-Ther ewer econantr ebel lionagai nt hePor tugueseandt hi sweakenedt heir
control
.
-Combi nedat tacksbyt hePer si
ans,Ar absandTur kspr ovedf or midablet othe
Por t
uguese
-Theyf acedi ffcompet i
tionf rom t heBr iti
shandt heDut chwhi chr educedt heir
profi
ts.
-ThePor tuguesehadi nadequat eper sonnelt oef fect i
velymanaget heext ensive
coa.
-Por tugall ackedcapi talt opayt headmi ni r
ator satt heCoaandt hisdemor al
ized
them.
-ThePor tuguesel ackedadmi nir
at iveski ll
shencewer eunabl et or ul
eef fectivel
y.
20.a)Gi vef iver eas onsf ort heconr uct ionoft heKenya- Ugandar ail
way
20.a) -Tof acilit
at et ranspor tationoft roopsandgover nmentadmi ni r
ati
on.
-Tol i
nkUgandawi tht heCoaandout sidewor ld
-Tof aci l
itateeconomi cexpl oitationoft her egi ons
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cesCal
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-Toeabl ishef fect i
vecont rolovert heBr i
tishEaAf ri
ca
-Toer adi cat esl avet radeandr epl acei twi t hl egitimat ecommer ce
-Toenabl et heBr itisht opr otectherr ategi ci nteresi nt her egion
b)Expl ainf iver eas onswhys ettlerf ar mingwasencour agedi nKenyadur ingthec ol
onial
per iod
20.b) -Tof inancet headmi nirativecooft hecol ony
-Tohel ppayf ort heconr uctioncooft her ail
way
-Topr ovi decheapr awmat er ialsfort heBr i
tishi nduries
-TheKenyanhi ghl andswer ei dealf orBr it
ishset tl
ement
-Tocount erAsi ani nfluencei nKenya
-Thecol onyl ackedot hernat uralr esour cest obeexpl oit
ed
-Theset tler swoul df or mt hebackboneoft heeconomyandhel pmakeKenyaa
whi teman’ scount ry
21.a)Gi vet hef act or st hatl edt ot hemul tipartydemocr acyi nKenyas ince1 991
21.a)-Ext er nalf act or s
-Pol iticalchangesi nt heSovi etuni onl edt ot heover throwofdi ctatori
alregi ons
eablishment
ofdemocr at icl eader shi p
-Re- uni f
icat i
onofGer many- maki ngt heendofcommuni sm andcol dwar
-Weer nAi dcondi ti
ons-Thedonar spr essur i
zedt hegover nmentofdevel oping
count r
ies
toempt racedemocr atic,pol i
ciesandpl ur alism
-Influenceofpl uralism i nZambi aandTogo
-Inter nalf act ors
-Ther igidpol i
ci esofKANU-Thecr it
icswer eexpel l
edf rom t hepar ty
-Riggi ngoft hegener alel ect ionsi n1 998
-Pr essur ef rom act iviswhoor gani zeddef encecampai gnse. g.sabasabar iotsin1990
-TheSai tot ir evi ewcommi tteei nKANUwhi chpavedt hewayf ormul ti
parti
s m
b)Explai nt hechal lengesofmul t i
par tydemocr acyi nKenyas ince1 991
21.b)-Leader shi pwr angl ese. g.t hosei nNat ioanlr ainbowcoal i
t i
on,NARKandt hosei nthe
party
ofnat ionaluni ty( PNU)
-Shor tageoff unds
-Ethni cbasedpar ties
-Pol iticali nter fer encee. g.campai gnvi olence,i ntimidat i
on,banni ngofpol iti
calral
li
es
-Cultur eofdef ect ion-l ackofl oyaltyt opol iticalpr i
nci plesandbel iefs
-Partiesl ackcl earpol iciesandi deol ogy
-Tribal i
sm wi thdi f
fer entpar tiesl inkedt opar ticul aret hicgr oups
22.a)I dent ifyt hr eecat egor iesofhumanr ightsi nt heKenyaconi tut i
on
22.a)-Pol iticalandci vilr ight s
-Soci al ,economi candcul tur alright s
-Sol idar ityr ight s
b)Expl ains ixpr inci plesofdemocr acy
22.b) -F reedom ofspeech
-Par ticipat i
onoft hepeopl easawhol ei nt hegover nment
-Openandaccount abl emassmedi a
-Decent ral izat ionofeconomi cpowert oi ndi vidual s
-Equal i
tybef or et hel aw
-Tr anspar ency
-Eabl ishmentofasyem ofl awt hatal lpar ti
ci pant sadher et o
-Abal anceofpowerbet weent hegover nor sandt hegover ned
-Ci tizensshoul dobeyt hel aw
-Pat riotism
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-Pol iticalt olerance
-Regul arandf reeel ect ions
-Theconsentoft hepeopl e
-Cont rolofabuseofpower
23.a)Givet hr eeconi t
ut i
onalpower soft hepr es identofKenya
23.a) -Thepowert omakeappoi ntment se. g.VP,cabi netmi nier
s,AG,chi efjuiceand
ot herj udgesofhi ghcour tandcour tofappeal
-Thepowert odecl areaat eofemer gency
-Thepowert odi smi ssmi ni
er sandal lseniorci vilservant she/ sheappoi nts
-Legi slat ivepower s-hehast hepowert oaddr esst heNat ionalassembl yatany
ti
meand
can-at tendmeet ingsasamemberofpar li
ament
-Thepowert odi ssol vepar li
amentandcal lforf reshel ecti
ons
-Assentofbi ll
sbef or et heybecomel aws
-Bei ngt hecommanderi nchi efoft hear medf or ces,heappoi nt sseniorof f
icers
withi n
thear medf or cesandr eceivest heoat hofl oyal typl edgedbyal lmember soft he
ar med f or ces
-Judi ci alpower s-Hemaygr antpar dont oanyper sonorr espiteanyper son–
power
ofcl emency
-Emer gencypower s-He/ shecandecl arewarormakepeace.Hecandealwi t
ht he
si tuat ionswhi chcanpl unget hecount ryi nt
oi nabi l
ityandi nsecur it
y
-Hecandecl areat eofemer gencyi nt hecount r y
-Thepowert oconf erhonor sonmenandwomenofKenyaf ort heiroutanding
ordi i
ngui shedachi evement s
b)Explains i
xr ol espl ayedbyt heci vils ervi cei nKenya’ sdevel opment
23.a) -I nt er pretgover nmentpol iciest ot hepeopl e
-I mpl ementt hepr ogr amst hatt hegover nmentoft hedaywant stoaccompl ish
-I ti samachi ner yt hr oughwhi cht hegover nmentpr ovideswel far
eser vicest o
thesoci ety
-Theyactasal i
nkbet weent hegover nmentoft hedaywi tht hepeopl e
-Seni orci vi
lser vant sadvi cet hemi niersonmat tersofpol icyandal so
pr epar at i
on
ofanswer sf ort hequei onsaskedi npar li
amentbyt hemember s
24.a)atef ives our cesofgover nmentr evenuei nKenya
24.a) -Busi nessper mi ts
-Donat ions
-Wat erandsewer agef ee
-Roadmai ntenancel evyf und
-Li censes
-Localaut hor i
typr oper t
ye. g.houses
-Rat espai dbypl otowner si nt owns
-F eesf ormar kets
-Loansf rom cent ralgover nment
-Char gesf orser vicese. g.museums
-F i
nes
-Di rectt axes
b)Explai nf ivef actor st hatunder minet heper formanceofl ocalAut horitiesinKenya
24.b) -Lackofaut onomy
-Mi sappr opr i
at i
on/mi smanagementoff undsbyunscr upulouscounci lwor kers
-Overempl oymentofwor ker swhoar enotwel lpaid
-Pol i
ticali nt erference
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cesCal
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-Ri seofunpl annedr uct ur esl eadi ngt ocor rupt ionofbui l
dings
-I ncr easi ngpopul ationhencer ainonl i
mi tedr esour ces
-Envi ronment aldegr adat ion/pol lut ionespeci allyint owns
-Vandal i
sm andgr abbi ngofpr oper ty
-Dupl icat ionofr olese. g.educat ionandheal t h
-r eetf ami li
eswhoar easecur ityt hr eat
-Br ai ndr ai nduet opoorsal ar i
es
-Tr afficcongei on
-Pover tywhi chi shar dt oer adicat e
1.Namet wohi or icals our cesofi nfor mat ionont heEaAf ricancoaupt othe16th Century
1.–Theper iplusoft heEr ythr aeansea
- Geogr aphywr it
tenbyPt olemy
- Gr aco- Romandocument ar y
- Ar abi cdocument sbyAl -MasudiandI binBat ut a
- Ar cheol ogi calsour ces–coi ns,pot tery,beads
2.Namet woeaer ncus hites
2. Bor ana
Somal i
Or omo
Gabr a
Rendi le
Bur ji
3.Wher ewast hemaj ordi s per s alpoi ntoft heWeer nBant us
3.Mt .El gon
4.Nameonedynaywhi c hr ul edt hecoofKenyabef oret he1 8th C
4. Mazr ui Nabahan
Busai di Yor ubi
5.Lit wogr oupswhi chwer er es pons iblef ort hedevel opmentofeducat i
oninKenya
dur ingt hecol oni alper iod
5.- Chr iianmi ssionar ies
- Thecol oni algover nment
- TheAf ricanst hemsel ves
6.Namet wowomenwhol edi nt her esianceagai ncol onialrulei nKenya
6.-Pr ophet essMor aa
-Aginama–Mekat i
liwaMenza
-Mar shal lMut honi
-Wambui–Ot ieno
7.Ident ifyt wol abouror gani zat ionst hatf oughtf ori ndependencei nKenya
7.-Af ricanwor ker sUni on
-KenyaLocalGover nmentUni on
-KenyaF eder ationofLabour
8.atet wor eas onswhys oci alwel fareor gani zationswer earteddur i
ngthecoloni alper
iod
8.-Or gani zehar ambeet opayf ormedi calbi llf
ort hesi ck
-Or gani zef orf undr aisi ngt omember swhowant edt ofurthertheireducation
-Takecar eoft heun- empl oyedmember swhohadr ecent l
ycomet otowns
9.Givet wonegat i
vecons equencesofcol onialur bani zationont heAfri
cansinKenya
9.Ledt opr oi tut i
on,dr unkennessandot hersoci alevi ls
-Africanssuf fer edpoorwor ki ngcondi ti
onsandl itt
lepay
-Un- empl oymentbecamewi despr ead
-Slumsemer gedasAf ricanhousi ngwasnegl ected
10.Givet wol evel sofl ocalaut hor i
tiesi nKenya
10.-Ci tycounci ls
-Muni ci palcounci ls
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-Count ycounci ls
-Towncounci ls
-Ur bancounci ls
11.atet hemai nr olepl ayedbyar eturningoffi
cerdur inganel ectionprocess
11.Announci ngt her esultsoft heel ectiononeachconi t
uency
12.Namet heheadoft heexecut ivear mi nKenya
12.Pr esi dent
13.Nameonet ypeofi ndi rectdemocr acy
13.–Par liament ary
-Pr esi dent ial
-Bl endofpar l
iament ar yandpr esidential
14.Lionef act ort hatcanl eadt ot het erminati
onoft het erm oft hepresidentinKenyabefore
fiveyear s
14.–Resi gnat ion
-Deat h
-Physi calandment ali ncapaci ty
-Nul lifi
cat ionoft hepr esidentasanMp
15.Ident ifyonef eatureofAf ri
cans ociali
sm
15.Equaloppor tuni t
iest oever ybody
-Pol iticalequal ity
-Soci alj uice
-Equi tabl edi ribut i
onofr esour ces
16.at et hemai nf unctionoft hepr imemi ni
erinKenya
16.Super vi seandco- ordi natet hewor kofal lminiers
17.Namet hechi efaccount i
ngof ficerinami ni
ry
17.Theper manentsecr et ary
18.(a)Tr acet hemi grationands ettl
ementofEaer nBant uspeaki ngcommuni t
iesinKenya
upt o1 800AD
18.(a)Theycamef rom thei ror i
gi nalhomel andbet weenEaer nNi geri
aandCamer oon
highlands
( CongoBasi n)
-Theypassedt houghTanzani aandset tledar oundMt .Kilimanj oby2nd CAD.
ar -
-Theymovedandset tl
edal ongt heCoaatShungwaya
Fr om Shungwayapopul ationpr essureandat tackfrom theOr omomadet hem to
mi grat e
-ThePokomo,Mi jikendaandTai tasettl
edint hehi nt
erlandoft heCoaf ormingeaern
Bant us.
Theot hergr oupmovedupwar dal ongRiverTanaandmovedar oundMt .Kenyaregi
on
f
or mi ngt heEaer nMt .Kenyagr oup
(b)Des cri
bet hepol iticalor ganizationoftheMi j
ikendadur ingt hepre-col
onialper
iod

1
8.(b)Thebasi cpolit
icaluni twast hecl an
-Itwasmadeupofsever alr el
atedfami li
es
-Eachcl anli
vedi nprotectedvi ll
agesownasKayas
-Thecl anwasgover nedbyacounci lofelderscal
ledKambi
-Thedut i
esofKambii ncludedmai ntai
ni ngl
awandor der,solvi
ngdisput
esandconduct
ing
rel
igiousceremonies
-Youngmenwer ecircumci sedatpuber t
ytoform age-sets.
-Theyal sojoinedthewar ri
or s
-Thedut i
esofthewar riorswer et odef endthesocietyfrom exter
nalatt
acks
1
9.( a)atethreecharact er
iicsofcityat esalongthecoaby1 500
1
9.( a)artedalongtheI ndianocean
-Tradewast hemaineconomi cactivit
y
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-Gover nedbyShar ial aw
-I slam wast hemai nr el i
gi on
-Theywer ei ndependentofoneanot her
-Gover nedbySul tan
-Bui ldingshadAr abi car chi tect ur aldesi gns.
(b)Expl ains ixf act or st hatenabl edSeyyi ds aidtoeabl ishpl antationf armingalongt he
EaAf ricanCoa
19.(b)Exi enceoff er ti
lesol sf avour edl argescal ef arming
-Adequat er ainf allandsui tabl ecl imat epr omot efarmi ng
-TheMi ji
kendagavel ar get ract sofl andar oundMal indi
-Ther ewasavai labl el abourf rom sl aves
-Sul tanSeyyi dencour agedset t l
er sf rom OmanandZanzi bart oset t
lei nMombasa,Mal i
ndi
andLamu
20.( a)at ef ivet er msoft heDevons hirewhi tepaperof1 923
20.( a)Thehi ghl andswer et obeexcl usi vel yforwhi teset tl
ers
-TheI ndi answoul del ectf ivemember soft heLegcoonacommunalr ol l
-TheEur opeanset t l
er sdemandf orsel fgover nmenti nKenyawasr ejected
-Raci alsegr egat i
oni nal lt her esi dent ialar easandr erictiononi mmi gr at
ionwer eabol ished.
-Thei nt er esoft heAf ricanswer et obegi venpr iorit
ybef or ethoseoft heimmi grantracesi f
ther ewasaconf lict
-Thecol oni alsecr et arywoul dexer ciser ictcont rolovert heaf fairsoft hecol ony
-Ami ssionar ywoul dbenomi nat edt ot heLegcot or epr esentt hei nter eoft heAfricans.
-Theset tler shadt omai ntai nt hei rr epr esent at i
oni nt heLegco
(b)Di s cus sf i
vei mpact sofcol oni all andpol i
ciesi nKenya
21.( a)Gi veanyf ivechal lengesencount er edbyKenyangover nments inceindependence
21.( a)-Hi ghi lli
ter acyr at e
–Manydi seasese. g.mal ar ia,smal lpox
-Hi ghl evelofpover tyamongt hevar iousAf ri
cancommuni ties
-Al otofsuspi cionamongt hevar iousr aci algr oups
-Poorheal thandeducat ionalf aci liti
es
-I gnor anceamongs ect ionsoft hepopul at ions
(b)Expl ainf ivemeas ur esadopt edbyt heKenyangover nmentt oi mpr ovet heheal t
h
sect or
s i
ncei ndependence
21.(b)TheMi ni ryofHeal thwascr eat edt oover seeheal thmat ters
-Heal thf aci litiesexpandedt hroughhar ambeeanddonorf undse. g.thenewNyanzaGener al
Hospi tal–Ki sumu.
-Manyheal tht r
ai ningi nitut eswer ear tede. g.MTCs.
-I mpr ovementi nhygi enet hr oughpr ovi si onofpi pedwat er
-Eabl ishmentofsever alr esear chi ni tutionsonhumandi seasee. g.KEMRI
-Pr ovi sionofmor ebasi ceducat ioni nor dert oupl i
fthygi eneandar dsi nthesoci ety.
-Pr ovi sionoff reeant i-r et roviraldr ugsf ort hosei nf
ect edwi thHI V/AIDSandpr ovi
sionof
tuber cul osi sdr ugs.
22.( a)Namet hreecl as sesofpr isonsi nKenya
22.( a)-Pr inci pal–i nitut ions
-Di ri
ct–IandI Ipr isons
-Det ent i
oncamps
-Yout hi ni tut i
ons
-Bor ali ni tut ions
-Yout hcor rect i
veTr aini ngcent res
(b)Des cribes i
xf unct ionsofKenyanpr isons
22. (b)Conf inepr isoner sconvi ct edbycour tsofl awt hisensur est hatpubl icr i
ghtsand
freedoms
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cesCal
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ar epr otect ed
-Wat chovert hebehavi ourofsuspect edcr i
mi nalswhosecaseshavenotbeendet er mined.
-Theyi mpl ementorexecut et hecour tsdeci si onont het reat ementofpr isoner se. g.
admi ni eringcapi t alorcor por alpuni shment
-Rehabi l
itatepr isoner sbycounsel l
ingi nor dert ocor r
ectt hei rbehavi ourandbecome
accept ablemember soft hesoci ety
-Of ferpr i
soner svocat ionalt rainingt omaket hem pr oduct iveci tizensaf t
ercompl etingt hei
r
jailter m e.gcar pent ry
-Thepr i
sonst akecar eoft hewel fareofpr isoner sbypr ovidingnecessar ymedi alat tenti
on
-Conf inesuspect eddi ssi dent swhoar eat hr eatt oat esocur ity
23.( a)at et hepr inci pleoft her ul
eofl awi nKenya
23.( a)Lawr egul at et hebehavi ouroft heci ti
zenandpr otectweakf rom power ful l
-Al llegalmat ter sshoul dbehandl edaccor di ngt othel aw
-I fthepr osecut i
onf ailst opr ovet hedef endant sgui l
tyt henheorsheshoul dbepr esumed
innocent
-Anyonemumakedeci sionst hatar ewi thint hel aw
-Thel awshoul dappl yt oever ybodyequal l
ywi t
houtanydi scrimi nati
on
-Oneshoul dnotbepuni shedunl essheorshehasbr okent hel awori fpr ovedgui lty.
-I timpl iest hatnoonei sabovet hel aw.
-Ever yper sonshoul dbegi venoppor tuni tyt odef endhi ms elforher selfbef oreacompet ent
cour tofl aw
(b)Expl ainf i
vewaysi nwhi chpar liament arys upremacyi nexer ci
s edi nKenya
23. (
b)I t’
st heonl yi ni tutiont hatmakes,amendorr epeall aws
-Par l
iamenthaspowert opassavot eofnoconf i
dencei nthesi tti
ngpr esident
-I tcanl i
mi tt hepower soft heexecut i
ve
-Appr ovet hebudgeti .e.gover nmentr evenuesexpendi ture
-I tregul atesot herar msoft hegover nmentt hr oughamendmentoft heconi t
ut i
on
-I tcandecl arewarorat eofemer gency
-Member sofpar l
iamentcannotbepr osecut edf orwhat evert heysayi npar l
iamentwhi le
cont ribut i
ngt odebat e.
24.( a)Namet hreeext er nals our cesofr evenuef ortheKenyangover nment
24.( a)Gr ant sandl oansf r om donorcount ries
-Moneyi nf orm ofl oansf rom Wor ldBankorI MF
-Bor rowi ngf rom Af ricanDevel opmentBank
-I mpor tandexpor tdut ies
-Getdonat ionf rom wel lwi sher s/f
r i
endl ycount ri
es.
(b)Expl ains ixchal l
engesf acingt heKenyagover nmenti nheref fortt or aiser evenue
24. (
b)_Evasi onoft axbypeopl eandor gani zat i
on
-Ther ichKenyankeepst hei rmoneyi nf oreignbankssuchmoni esdonotear ni nteref orthe
count ry
-I nadequat ei nfor mat ionf orl ocali nvementt hr ought r
easur ybi l
ls,poof f
ice,bondsand
shar esatt heNai r obiockExchange
-Someof ficersembezzl et her evenuecol l
ect edsoi tdoesnotr eacht het reasur y
-Thedonorcondi t i
oni st oohar shandunder mi nest hesover eignt yofcount ri
es.The
recipi entnat i
oni sf or cedt oi mpor tgoodsf rom t hecount rygi vingherl oans.
peopl esnegat iveat titudet owar dst axpaymentduet ol ackofi nformat ionont hei mpor t
ance
ofpayi ngt ax.
-Weal thdecl ar ationofpayi ngt axpr ovi det her ightinformat ion
1.Namet woar cheol ogi cals itesi nKenya
1.-Hyr axhi l
l
-Rusi ngai sland
-Gede
-Chesowanj a
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-Nj oror i
vercave
-Gambl escave
-FortTer nan
-LakeTur kana
-Ol oi
gescui l
ie
2.Namet wocommuni
ti
esinKenyawhobelongtothepl
ainNil
otes
2.–I teso
-Sambur u
-Tur kana
-Maasai
-Nj emps
3.Ident i
fytwocommunit
iesofhunt
ersandgat
hereswhooccupi
edweer
nKenyai
npr
e-
colonialper i
od

3.–Onguye
-Okur o
4.atet womai nreas onswhyOmanir ul er
swer eintereedi neabl
ishi ngtheircont
roloverthe
KenyanCoa
4.-Toexpandt heircommer cialempi re
-Toeabl i
shpol i
t i
calcont roloverKenyanCoa
-Toassii nendi ngt hePor tugueser ule
5.Giveoner easonwhi chl edt ot hedecl i
neofGedidur ingthe15th centur
y
5. –Ext ernalattacks
-Adequat ewat ersuppl y
6.Namet hemi s
s i
onar ys ocietythateabl ishedahomef orfreeds l
avesatt hecoaofKenyai n
the
9th cent
1 ury
6. -Thechur chmi ssionar ysoci et
y ½ mkf orinit
ials(C.
M.S)
7.Givet wor easonsf ort heAkambasr esi
anceagaint heeabl i
shmentofcol oni
alrul
e
7. -F earedtol oset heiri ndependence
TheBr i
ti
shhaddi sput edt heirlongdi ancetrade
TheBr i
ti
shwer er apingt heir(Kambawomen)
TheBr i
ti
shf ail
edt or espectt hei rr
eligi
on
Resiedt heBr itishpuni ti
veexpedi t
ions
8.ateonegr ievancer aisedbyt heAs iansinKenyat hatwasaddr es s edbyt heDevonshi
re
whitepaper

8.Theydemandedequalr i
ght s
Theywant edt oownl andi nKenyahi ghlands
Theyopposedr erictionsont heirmi grati
oni ntoKenya
9.Gi veoner easonwhyAf ri
canswer edeni edequaleducat
ionalopport
unit
ieswi
thother
racesdur i
ng
t
hecol oni
alper i
od
9.-Eur opeanswant edt oproduceandmai ntainsemi-ski
ll
edlabourforcef
orthecol
ony
-F earofcompet it
ionf rom educat edAfricans
10.Gi vetwor eas onswhycor ruptionisbei ngdi scour
agedinKenya
10.-Topr omoteeconomi cdevel opment
Topr omot epeaceandabi li
ty
Topr omot enat ionalunity
Topr ovi
def airdi ri
butionofnat i
onalr esources
Togai ninternationalconf idence
11
.Giveoneexampl eofi ndirectt axesi nKenya
11 –Salest ax
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eEr
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cesCal
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Val ueaddedt ax
Cess
12.Identif
yt woai msoft heoat hings yem dur ingt hemaumauper iod
12. Toens ur el oyal tyofmember s
- Tomai ntainsecr ecy
- Toi nspi recour age
13.Givet wor eas onswhycul tur alact ivitiesar ei mpor tantinKenyat oday
13. Theyent er tai npeopl e
Theyeducat et hemasses
Theybr ingpeopl et oget her
Theypr omot epat riotism
Theycr eat eempl oymentoppor tuni ties
14.Ment iont wot ypesofdemocr acyi nKenya
14. Di r ectorpur e
Indi rectorr epresent ative
15.Namet wogr oupst hatar ei nvol vedi nmoni t oringhumanr i
ght sinKenya
15. Lawenf or cementof ficer se. g.pol i
ce
Lawyer sandj udges
Tradeuni ons
Jour nal i
sm
Rel igiousor gani zat i
on
Associ at ionsuchaswomenor gani zat i
on
16. a)Gi vef iver eas onswhi chl edt ot hemi gr ationoft hecus hitesfrom t
heirori
ginal
homel and
i
nt oKenyadur ingt hepr e- col onialper i
od
16.a)Theywer esear chi ngf orpaur eandwat er
Escapef rom dr oughtandf ami ne
Duet oout br eakofdi seasesandepi demi cs
Duet ocl anf euds
Ext ernalat tacksf rom nei ghbour s
Looki ngf orext ral andf ort hei rpopul at ions
Spi ritandadvent ur e
b)Expl ainf i
ver es ultsoft hei nter act ionbet weent heBant usandcus hit
esinthe
pr e- col onialper iod
16.b)Inter mar riagesr engt henedcommuni ties
SomeBant usadopt edI slam f rom cushi tes
SomeBant uscopi edt hecul tur eofcushi t ese. g.circumcisionandageset s
Rai dedeachot herl eadi ngt ol ossofl ivesandpr oper t
y
Incr easedf urthermi gr ations/di spl acement
Devel opmentoft rade
Somecushi teswer eabsor bed/assi mi lat ed
17. a)Whydi dt heBr iti
shus edi rectr ulei nadmi nieri
ngmopar tsofKenya?
17.a)Mocommuni ti
esl ackedcent r alizedadmi nirationsyems
Ther ewer emanyet hni cgr oupswi thdi ver sesoci o-culturalsyems
Mor esi edBr iti
shr ule
Theyhadenoughadmi ni r
at or
b)Expl aint her ol epl ayedbywomeni nt her ugglef orindependencei nKenya
17.
b)Rai sedf undst osuppor tpol iticalact ivities
Pr ovi dedmor alsuppor tt of reedom f ight er s
Demandedf orr eleaseofdet ainedf reedom f i
ght ers
Par ticipat edi nar medr uggl ee. gMut honiNdut awaKor eMekat i
li
l
Suppl iedf oodandar mst of r eedom f ight er s
Act edasspi esf orf reedom f ight er s
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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Tookpar tinoathing
Kepttheirhomesi nt
actasthemenwentoutt ofi
ght
Suff
eredf orthesakeofl i
berat
ion
1
8. a)Lit hreef oundermember softheEaAfri
canAssoci
ati
on
1
8.a)HarryThuku
Abdall
aTai rasa
MohammedShei kh
MwalimuHami si
b)Explai
ns ixwayst hroughwhichRonal
dNgalacontr
ibutedt
other
uggl
efor
i
ndependence

1
8.b)Headvocat edf orequall
ivi
ngandar dsforallracesi nKenya
Hewasf oundermemberofMi j
ikendaunionwhi chcreatedpol i
ti
calawarenessamong
hi
speopl e
AsamemberofLegco,headvocat edforincreasedAf r
icanr epresent
ati
on
Heor ganizedmanypol i
ti
calral
liesanddemandedf orreleaseofpol i
ti
caldetai
nees
Asthepr esidentofKADUheadvocat edforindependence
AsamemberofAf ri
canelectedmember shemedi atedbet weent heextremesand
moder at
evoi cesintheLegco
Hepar ti
cipat edindrawi
ngindependenceconi tuti
on
I
n1961hef ormedacoaliti
ongover nmentwi thnewKenyapar tysoasnott o
del
ayi ndependence
1
9. a)Gi veanyf ivesoci
alchall
engesencount eredbyt heKenyangover nmentsince
i
ndependence

1
9.a)Highi l
literacyrate
Manydi seases
Hi ghl evelofpover t
yamongt heAfricancommuni t
ies
Al otofsuspi ci
onamongvar i
ousracialgroups
Poorheal thandeducationalf
aci
li
ti
es
Ignor anceamongsect ionsofthepopul at
ion
b)Expl ainhowt heexienceofmanypol it
icalpar
ti
eshaspr
omot
eddemocr
acyi
nKenya

19.b)I
thaspr omot edf r
eedom ofassoci at i
onbypr ovidingal ternati
veparti
esforpeople
Ithaspr ovi
dedaf orum t
oexpr esst heirviewsabouthowacount r
yshoul dbe
gover ned
Ithasmadet hegover nmentt obemor eaccount abl et ot
hepeopl e
Ithaspr ovi
dedchecksandbal ancest oabuseandmi suseofpowerbyl eaders
Ithaspr ovi
dedasyem ofscr uti
nizinggover nmentexpendi t
urethr
oughpubl i
c
account scommi tteeandpubl i
cinvementcommi ttee
Ithasmadepeopl etobef reei ncont ri
but i
ngi deast oanyaspectofdevel opment
Ithasenabl edpeopl eform politi
calpar ti
esast heywi sh
20. a)Out l
inefivef actorsthatmi ghthi ndert heenj oymentoff undamentalhumanr ight
sof
ani ndividual
20.a)Violationoft her i
ghtsbyt heat e
Ignoranceoft hepeopl eont heirrights
Duringpol i
ticalinsecurit
ysuchaswar
Convi ctiontoaj ailter
m byacour toflaw
Somear easmaybedecl ared‘ secur it
yoper ation’zones
Unequaldi ributionofresour cesmayi mpover ishot hers
Discrimi nat
ionbasedongender ,tri
be,r acee. t.
c.
b)Des cribef ivefeatur
esoft heindependenceconi tuti
on
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20.b)Pr ovidedf oragover norgener alast heheadofat eonbehal foft hequeen
Pr ovidedf ori ndependentj udiciar yt oensur ej uice
Setupaj udi cialser vicecommi ssi ont oappoi ntj udi cialof f
icers
Pr ovidedt hatt hegover nori nconsul tationwi tht hePr i
meMi nierappoi ntsachi ef
juice
Pr ovidedf orsi xRegi onalgover nment sandAssembl i
es
Ent renchedr ulesofci t
izensandf undament alr i
ght s
Pr ovidedf oreabl ishmentofpubl i
cser vicecommi ssi onandacent r
allandsboar d
Pr ovidedf ort enur eoft heof f
iceofj udgesandAt tor neyGener al
Pr ovidedf ormul t
i-par t
ydemocr acywi thmaj or itypar tyfor mingt hegover nment
2
Ent renchedamendmentpr ocedur eswher e/ 3 we rer equiredt ochangeconi tuti
on
Pr ovidedf orbi camer alhouse/ /Senat eandhouseofr epresent ative
Pr ovidedf orsepar ationofpower sbet weent heexecut i
ve,l egislativeandj udici
ary
21. a)I dent if
yt hr eet ypesofl ocalaut hor i
tiesi nKenya
21.a)Muni cipal
Towncounci l
Ur bancounci l
Citycounci l
Ar eacounci l
Count ycounci l
b)Expl aint her elat i
ons hipbet weencent r
alandl ocalgover nment
21.b)Localgover nment soper at eunderpol icygui del inesf or mul atedbyt he
centralgover nment
TheMi nierf orl ocalgover nmentappr ovesal lact i
vi ti
esoft hel ocalgover nment
Allcounci lor snomi nat edbypol i
ticalpar tiesar eappr ovedbymi ni erforl ocal
gover nment
Allby-l awsmadebyl ocalaut horitiesar eappr ovedbymi nierbef oreimpl ement at
ion
Recor dsofcounci lmeet ingsandbusi nesst r
ansact ionsar ever i
fiedbyt hemi niers
Annualr epor tsf rom l ocalaut hor i
tiesar escr ut inizedbyt hemi nier
Mi nierappoi nt sseni orof fi
cialswhosi ti nl ocalaut hor iti
es
F i
nanci alr ecor dsofl ocalaut hor iti
esar eaudi tedbyof fi
cialsfrom cent ralgover nment
Thecent ralgover nmentgi vesgr ant st ol ocalaut hor ities
22. a)Gi vet hr ees ymbol sofNat ionalUni ty
22.a)Nat i
onalf lag
Nat ionalAnt hem
Coatofar ms
Loyal t ypl edge
Pr esidency
Coni tut ion
Nat ionall anguage
b)Expl ains ixf act orswhi chunder mi nenat ionaluni tyi nKenya
22.b)Unequaldi ribut ionofnat ionalr esour cescausi ngdi ssat i
sfact i
onandhar mony
Di f
fer entr el i
gi ousbel iefsmayl eadt odi scr imi nat i
on
Tr i
bal ism l eadst of avour ism cr eat i
nghat red
Nepot ism l eadst omi suseofpubl icr esour ces
Ethni cconf lict sdi scour agesco- oper at ion
Raci sm l eadst odi scr iminat i
on
Sexi sm deni espeopl et her i
ghtt opar t
icipat eequal lyi ndevel opment
Cor rupt i
onvi olet speopl esr ight st oequalt reat ment
1.I
dent if
yt hemai npr e-hior ics iteinweer nKenya
1.RusingaI sl and
2.Ident i
fyt wor eas onsf ort hemi grationoft heEaer nCus hitesi ntoKenya
2.-F ami l
yf euds/ int ernalconf li
cts
F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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-Popul ati
onpr essur e
-Sear chf orbet tergr azingland
-Fleeingout breakofdi seases
-Escapi ngf ami neanddr ought /
nat ur
alcalami
ti
es
-Externalconf l
ict sfrom theirnei ghbours
-Spiritofadvent ure
3.Givet het wos oci o-economi cs ubdi vis
ionsoftheMaas aicommuni tyinpre-
col
oni
alKenya
3.-Thepur ko/pat r ali
s/l i
veockkeeper s
-Kwavi/ mixedf ar mer s/cult
ivators
4.atet wof act orswhi chf aci
li
tatedt hecomi ngoftheearl
yvi si
torstotheKenyancoa
4.-Avai labil
ityofmonsoonwi nds
-Availabilit
yofcapi tal
-Accessi bili
t y oft heKenyacoa/ presenceoftheI ndi
anocean
-Devel opmentofmar i
net echnology,whi chaavail
eddhows/shi ps
t
h
5.Giveoner eas onwhi chl edt othedecl ineofGediduri
ngt he1 5 century

5.-Attack/burningbyt hePortuguese
-Lackofwat er
-Attackbyman- eaters,Zimbacannibal
s
-Conantwar s/disunit
yamongcoaalci t
ies
-Shor t
ageoff ord
-Declineintradingact ivi
ti
es
6.atethemai nr easonwhyAr abswerehatedbyt
hepeopl
eoft
hei
nter
iorpar
tsofKenya

6.-Theycapt
uredAfri
cansassl
aves/t
radi
nginslaves
7.Gi
vetwoprovis
ionsoftheAngl
o-Ger
mant r
eat
yof1 886

7.-A1 0mi le/16km coaalr ipwasawar dedtosultanofZanzi

bar
-Thei slandsofpemba,maf ia,pat e,ZanzibarandLamuwor kgiventothesul
tanof
Zanzi bar
-Wi t
handt het erritorybet weenR.UmbaandR.Ruvumawer egiventotheGermans
-Thet er r
itor ybet weenR.UmbaandR.Jubawer egivent
otheBr i
ti
sh
8.Gi vet wor eas onswhyI mper ialBr iti
shEaAf r
icanCompany(IBEACO.)f
ail
edtoadmini
er
t heBr iti
s hEaAf ri
caPr otect orate
8.-Poort ranspor tsyem
-Poorcoor dinationwi tht hecol onialof
fi
cei nLondon
-Shor tageofper sonnel
-Inadequat eadmi nirati
veski ll
soft heof f
icers
-Hoi l
ityfrom l ocalcommuni ti
es
-I
nadequat ef unds
-Lackofowl edgeoft hear ea
9.at eonepr obl em f acedbyt hei ndependentchur chesandschoolsduri
ngthecol
oni
al
per iod
9.-I nadequat efunds
-Poor /i
nadequat ef acili
ties
-Lackoft rai nedcat echis/ paor s
-Compet itionf rom mi ssionar ychur ches
-Leader shi pr uggl es/ wrangl es
10.Ident if
yanyt wochar acteriicsofear l
ypoliti
calmovementsf
ormedi nKenyabef
ore
1939

1
0.-Et
hni
csbased/
tribal
/lackednatur
aloutl
ook
-Addr
essedsi
milarissue/ l
ocalpr
oblemsi.
e.l
andal
ienat
ion
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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-Ledbyeducat edAfr
icans
-Concerned mainl
ywithwelfar
eissues
1
1.Whor epres
entedCentralKenyainthelegi
slat
ivecounci
lin1
957el
ect
ions

1
1.BernardMat e
1
2.atet wor ol
espl ayedbywomeni nther uggl eforindependentinKenya
1
2.-Pr ovisionoff undst ot hef i
ght er
s
-Actedasspi esfortheAf ri
canf i
ghters
-Joinedt hefightersassol diers
-Composedsongs t oencour agefighterst oridicul
ethe homeguar ds
-Par t
icipatet heoat hingcer emoni es/admi nieredoaths
-Keptsecr etsoft hef ighters
-Mobilized the peopl et ojoint heruggl e/convincedtheirhusbandst ojoi
nther uggl
e
-Womensuf fer edtorture,ar reanddet entionduet ot hei
racti
ver ol
ei ntheruggle
1
3.Giveoneci rcumancest hatmayl eadt ot hebreachofani ndi
vidual
’srighttoli
fe
1
3.-Dur ingwar
-Onsel fdefense
-Whenr esi
ingpol icear re
-Deat hsent encebyacour tofl aw
1
4.Giveonenonmi l
it
aryf unctionoft heKenyanar medf orces

1
4.-Ent
er t
ainmentdur i
ngpublichol
iday
-Of
feremer gencyser vi
ces
-Parti
cipateindevelopmentprojectse.
g.r oadconruct
ion
1
5.I
denti
fyt heparl
iamentarycommitteethatdealswiththeconi
tut
ionalaf
fai
rsi
nKenya
1
5.-Par
liamentaryselectcommi t
tee
1
6.Namet woex- of
fici
omember soft heLocalAuthor
it
ies

1
6.-Thecl erk
-Thedi r
ictcommi ssion/ DC
-Thedi r
ictmedi cal/offi
cerofheal th/MOH
-Diri
ctengi neer
1
7at ethemai nr easonf orpoel ecti
onvi olenceinKenyabyt heendof2007
1
7.-Disputepr esi dentialel ectionr esult
sof tenthegener alelecti
ons
1
8.a)Identif
yf ivei mpact soft hemi gr
ationands ettl
ementoft he highlandBant us
i
ntoKenya
1
8.a)-Di splacementofot hercommuni ti
es
-Absor ption/ assimi lat
ionofot hercommuni t
ies
-Ledt ocul t
uraladopt ion
-Incr
easest r
adingact iviti
es
-Ledt oint ermar riages
-Incr
easesi npopul ati
oni nt hear easthey f i
nall
ysettledIncreasedwar fare
b)Des cri
bet hepol it
icalor gani zati
onoft hemi j
ikendainthepr e-colonialKenya

1
8.b)-basi c pol
iticaluni twas t hecl anwhichshared common anceor
-Cl ancontrol l
edbyt hecounci lofelder
scalledKambi
-Kambiset tleddisput esamongcommuni t
ymember spresi
dingoverrel
igi
ous
mat
ters/acti
ng
ascountofappeal /decl ari
ngwar
-Li vedinf or ti
fi
edvi l
lagescal l
edKaya forsecurit
y
-Hadagent ssyem whi ch pr ovi
dedwar ri
ors
-War rior
spr ovidedsecur it
y
-Pol i
ti
calunitwasr engt henedbyi ntermarr
iagesbetweendi
ff
erentcl
ans
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19.a)Givef iver eas ons whySeyyi dSai dtransferred hiscapi talfr
om Mus catinOman to
Zanzibar
in1 840
19.a)-Toef fectivelycont rolt he coaalt owns
-Zanzi barhadgoodcl imat e
-Zanzi barwaseasi lydef ensible
-Exi enceofdeepnat ur alhar bour s
-Zanzi barhadbeenl oyalt oOmen
-Ithadf reshwat erf ordr inking
-Had goodf ertil
esoi lforgr owi ngcl oves/agricult
ur e
b)Des cribef ivewayst hroughwhi chSeyyi dSai dencour agedt hedevel opmentof
Plant
ation
Agr i
cul t
ur e
19.b)-encour agesl avet rade whi chsuppl echeapl abourt othef arms
-Introduct ionofcr opse. g.cloves,coconut
-signingoft radet reaties whi chcr eated internationalmar ket s
-eabl i
shedpl antati
one. g.cl ovepl antati
on i nZanzi bar
-encour agedset tlerst ocomeandengagei npl antationagr i
cul t
urealong thecoa
-acqui redmor el andandput i tunderpl antationespeci all
ynearMal indiandMombasa
-pr ovidedsecur i
tyt othepl ant ationf armers
-introducedl egislati
ont hatencour agedpl antationofcoconut
20.a)Gi ve f i
ver eas onsf orBr itishoccupat ionofKenyai nt he19th centur
y

20.a)-Br iti
shwant edaccesst oUgandasoast ocont rolledthe sourceoftheNi l
e
-I nor dert oeabl ishamar kedf orhermanuf acturedgoods
-TouseKenyaasaout l
etf orset tli
ngsur plus popul ati
on
-TouseKenyaas pl acef orsur pluscapi tali nvement
-Touse Kenyaasa sour ceofr awmat erials
-Topr eventKenyaf rom bei ngcol onize byot herEur opeanpower s
-Topr otectEur opeanmi ssionar i
es andot herBr i
tishmat eri
alswhower ealready
settl
ed
inKenya
b)Expl ai
nf iver es ult
soft heAgi kuyumi xedr eact i
ont otheBrit
ishinvasi
onofKenya
20.b)-i tf ueledhat r ed andani mosi tyinmoki kuyu l andwi theachsect i
onhavingmi sgi
ving
about
t
heot her
-Lar get ractsofl and( arable)wer ecar ri
edoutf ort heBr i
ti
shwi t
ht hehelpof
coll
abor at i
on
agikuyul eader s
-Somel eader sr oset opr ominat eduet ocol l
abor atione.g.KaruriWa
Gakur et hosewhocol l
abor ater ecei vedweer neducat i
onandwer econvertedton
Chrii
anit y
-itl edt ot heemer gencyofhomeguar dscoloni alheadmenandmanyot heragentsof
theBr i
tish
rulei nKenya
-itl ed t olossofl i
fee. g.Wai yakiWaHi ngaandmanyAgi kuyufighterswere
Killedt hesewasmassi veder ucti
onofpr oper ti
ese. g.fordDagor r
etiwasbur ntdown
by
Agi kuyuwar rior s
-itl edt olossofAgi kuyui ndependence
21.a)Out li
net hepi llar sofNyayoi s m

21
.a)-Peace
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-Love
-Unity
b)Describesi
xwaysi nwhi chthes pi
ri
tofNyayoi s m haspr omot
eddevelopmentin
Kenya
21.b)-ithasdiscourageddiscri
minationi
nr esour ceall
ocation
-ithas hel
pedi nthe conructi
onofschool s,healthcent ersthroughharambee
-thoughtNyayoism,nyayobuseswer ei ntr
oducedt opr omotepublict
ranspor
t
-hashelpedint hedevelopmentofagr icult
urebyset t
ingupnyayot eazones
-l
edt otheeablishmentofaf undforphysi cal
lychallengedper sons
-hasenhancedcooper ati
veanduni tyamongKenyans
-l
edt otheeablishmentofthej uakalisector
22.a)Give threereasons whyi tisimportantf orchiefstohol dBarazas

22.a)-For
um f orpeopletoexpr ess t
heirvi
ews/wishest
ot hegover
nment
-Communi cat
egover nmentpolicytothepeople
-Sett
lelocaldi
spute
-Mobil
izelocalresources
-I
dentif
y/pri
ori
ti
esl ocaldevel
opmentpr oj
ect
s
b)Descri
bet heructureoftheprovinci
aladmini
rati
oninKenya

22.b)-Thel inkbetweent hegover nmentand t hepeopl eofKenya

-atthe t opist hepr ovi
nceheadedby t hepr ovi
ncialcommi ssi
oner,representi
ng
the pr esi
dent
- att hepr ovi
ncetakechar geoft hepol i
ce chairofpr ovi
nci
alintel
li
gentand
secur i
tycommi t
tee
-thedi ri
ctheadedbyt hedi rictlevel,admi niersmarriageon behalfoft heat e,
chairpersonofthedi ri
cttradel i
censesboar dandDDC
-divisi
onheadedbyt he dirictofficer
-locati
onheadedbyt he chi ef
-sub- l
ocationheadedby t hesub- chi ef
-clan/vil
lage headedbyt hecl an/vil
lages elders
23a)Givet hreecharacteri
icsofhumanr ight s

23.a)-Humanr ightsarethrivessaltheyapplyequal
lytoall
-Theyarei ndivi
sibl
e.oner i
ghtcannotbeappli
edift
heotherdoesnotexi
-Rightshavel i
mitat
ion.int hei
renjoymentsonehas t
hedutyt orespectt
her
ight
s
ofthe otherspeople
-Humanr ightsmaybeder ogated/
independedatti
mes
b)Explai
ns i
xr easonswhyr espectsf
orhumanr i
ghtsi
simport
ant

23.b)-Rrightsar ei nherentt ohumanbei ngs. they dii

ngui shhumanf rom ot hercr eatures
-Respectf orhumanr ightsli
mitsinternalandext ernalconfli
ctsandr engthens
mat erialuni t
y
-Theygui det heor gansofat eregardingt heexer ci
seofpowert heyhel phuman
beings
tolive
adi gnif
iedl i
fe,exploitst hei
rpot entialsandt osat i
sfyt
heirspiritualandphysi cal
needs
-Ri ghtsempowerci t
izensandr esidentialbygivingt hem contr
oloverdeci sionmaki ng
organs
ofat e
-Ri ghtsj uifyspecialtreatmentofmi nor i
ti
es andot herdi
sadvant agespeopl e/ groups
-Ri ghtspr ovidet heci t
izenswiththenecessar yinformati
onf orthepr ot
ectionof
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democr acy
24a)I dent i
fyf i
vechal lengest hegover nmentf acesi ni tsef fortst oraiset hegover nment
revenue
24.a)-Manycompani es/ indi vidual sevadepayi ngt axes
-Gi vingwr ongi nf ormat i
oni nweal thdecl ar ationbycompani es/individual
s
-Embezzl ementofr evenuecol lected bysomegover nmentof f
icers
-Manyr ichi ndi vidual skeept hei rmoneyi nf oreignaccount sinead ofi nvei ng in
Kenya
-Peopl el acki nf ormat ion onhow t oi nvewi tht hegover nmentt houghtpo
officebonds/ treasur y bi l
ls
-Donorcondi tionmubef ulfi
lledbef or ef undsar er eleased
-Over dependence/ reliance on f oreignai d
-Loansar ei ssuedathi ghi nter er atewhi chi sabur dent oser vice
b)Expl ainf i
ver eas onswhyt hegover nmentofKenyanor mal lyprepar esaNat i
onal
Budget
24.b)-t oenabl et hegover nmentt o pr ioritiesi t
sneeds
-hel pt hegover nmentt oi dent if
ysour cesofr evenue
-enabl et hegover nmentt oexpl aint het axr uctur et othepubl ic
-enabl est hegover nmentt oei mat et hef inanci alrequi rementf oritsneeds
-hel pt hegover nmentt oi dent if
yi tsdepar t
ment sandal l
ocat edut iesappr opr i
atel
y
t
husenhanci ngaccount abi l
ity
-gi veusef uli nfor mat iont ot hoseor gani zat ionsandi ndividualswhomaywantt om
keep
trackoft he gover nmentexpendi tur e
-enabl est hegover nmentt oaccountf orf undsbor rowed/ donat edf ordevel opment
1.Namet wopr e-hi or i
cs iteswher er emai nsofKenyapi thecuswer edi scover edinKenya
1. F ortTer nan
Sambur uhi l
ls
Lakebar ingobasi n
Laket urkanabasi n
2.Identif
yoner emnantoft hes out her ncus hitesi l
lexi ingi nKenya
2. -Dahal lo
-Sanye
3.Whatwast hel ight epol it
icalof fi
ceamongt heAmer u
3.i )Theki ng/Rai boni
4.atet wos oci alf unct ionsoft heOr koiyotamongt henandi
4. -Pr esi dedoverr eligiousf unct ions
-F oret oldt hef ut ure
-Act edasar ainmaker
-Wasamedi cineman
5.Identif
yt wowr ittendocument st hatpr ovidehi oricali nformat ionont heEaAf ricanCoa
before
t
he1 9th cent ur y
5. -Per ipl usofEr i
t hreansea
-Pt olemysGeogr aphy
-Chr i
inont opogr aphy
-Wor ksofI bnBat ut aandAlMasoud
-Swahi lichr oni cles
6.atet her ecommendat ionsoft heLyt hcer tonc onitut i
onof1 954
6. -Theexi i
nggover nor sexecut ivecounci lbet ransfor medi ntoamul ti-r
acialcouncilof
mini er s
-El ectionsshoul dbehel di n1 956-1 957i nwhi chAf ri
canmember sf oreight
coni t
uenci es
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eEr
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cesCal
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shouldbeel ect ed
7.Namet heGus iipr ophet swhomobi lizedthepeopl eagainthecoloni
ali
s
7.i)MoraaMokaNgi ti
8.Whowast hef i
rAf ricant obeappoi ntedasacabi netmi ni
erin1954
8. i )B. AOhanga
9.Namet hewomanappoi ntedtot hel egcobeforeindependenceinkaya
9. i )Jemi mahGechanga
i
i)Priscil
laAbwar o
10.at
et heobj ectiveoft hes econdLancaerhous econf er
enceof1962
10. -Wor koutt hef inalepst oself-governance
-Dr aftindependenceconi tuti
on
-Sor toutdi f
ferencesbet weenKANUandKADU
11
.Whatwast hemai ni mplicat
ionoft hef i
rMaas aiagreementwiththeBriti
shi
n1954
11
.Maasaiwer epushedt ot wor eservesi .
e.NgongandLai kipi
a/creati
onofthef
irAf
ri
can
reser
ves

12.at
et wogr i
evancest hatwer eus edbyt heyoungKikuyuAssociat
ion
12. -Opposedl andal i
enation
-Afr
icanlandowner stobei ssuedwit
ht i
tl
edeeds
-Aninspiredki pandesyem
-Opposedr educt i
onofAf r
icanwor kers
-Demandedacuti nthepol ltax
-Demandedl abourconditi
ons
13.Gi
vet wor ecommendat i
onsoft hePhelpsokeseducationcommi ssi
onof1
924
13. -Eabl i
shmentofauni form syem ofeducati
oninallgovernmentandmissi
onar
y
school
s

-Eabl ishmentoft eacher strai ningcol lege

-Set tingupschool si nr ur
alar eas
14.Whati st hemai nr oleoft heKenyaant i-cor r
uptioncommiss
ion(KACC)
14.-Inveigatecor rupt ioncasesi nnon-pant isanmanner
15.Identi
fyt hemai nf unct ionoft hear medf or cesinKenya
15.-Todef endt henat ionagai next ernalaggr essi
on
16.Namet woAf ricansoft hepr ovinci aladmi nirati
onwhoar eappoi
ntedbythepr
esi
dent
16. i )Provi ncialcommi ssion
ii
)Di rictcommi ssion
17.atetwor olesoft hepubl ics ervicecommi ssi
oni nKenya
17. -Appoi ntsci vilser vant s
-Pr omot esandt ransfersci vilser vant s
-Exer cisedi sci plinaryact i
onsoverci vilservant
s
-Looksaf tert hewel fareofci vilservant s
18. a)Gi ver eas onsf ort hemi gr at i
onoft heAbal uhyai
ntoKenyaduri
ngthepr
e-col
onial
period

1
8a) -Popul at
ioni ncreasei nt heirhomel and
-Searchf orfer ti
lelandf orcultivati
on
-Int
ernalconf l
ict
s/quar rels/mi sunderandi
ng
-Epidemi cs/diseases/nat uralcalamiti
es
-Externalat t
acks/at tacksf rom neighbors
-Spiri
tofadvent ure
-owledgeofi ronmaki ngt echnology
b)Des cri
bet hepol iti
calor ganizationoftheAgi
kuyuint 9th cent
he1 ury
1
8.b)-Thesmal leorganizeduni twast hefamil
yandsever
alf
ami
li
esmadeupt hecl
an
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eEr
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cesCal
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-Cl anwast hebasi cpol it
icaluni t
-Cl anwassemi -aut onomousandoccupi edat erritorialunit(mbar i
/r i
dge)
-Cl anwasr ul edbyacounci lofel ders( ki
ama)whi chwasheadedbymur amati
-Counci lofel der ssol vedl andandi nher i
tancedi sput es
-Kiamoal sosol vedal linter-clandi sputes
-Aseni ourcounci lofel dersmadef rom sever alclancounci lsexi ed( ki
amoki ko
ndundu)
exer ci
sed-ser vedasacour tofappeal
-Eachcl anhadi tsownmi ssi onofdef ence
-Nj uir
inewl yi ni ti
atedwar rior sbecameseni orwar rioratt henexti niti
atedceremony
19. a)Namet hreei ndependentr eli
giousmovement si nKenyadur i
ngt hecol oni
alper
iod
19.a)-Nomi yaluomi ssion
-Mumbocul t
-Kilumi
-Di niyar oho
-Chr ii
anuni ver salevangel icaluni on
-Di niyamusambwa
b)Expl ainpr obl emsf acedbyi ndependents choolsandchur chesi nKenya
19.b)-I nadequat ef aci li
tiese. g.bui ldings,teachi ng mat erialsandt eachingaf f
-Rer i
ctionsbyt hecol onialgover nmentwhi chpr ohibi t
edt heopeni ngofmor eschools
and
banningofexi ingones
-Opposi ti
onf r om mi ssionar ychur ches
-Lackofor dainedchur chl eader s
-Lackedoft rai nedt eacher s/i nructorsi nschool
-Lackofco- or di nationwhi chr esul t
edi nr ivalr
ybet weenchur chesandschool s
-Inadequat ef undst ocar ryoutt heirpr ogr ammes
-Lackofnat ionwi deoutl ookast heywer er eri
ctedt osmal lareas
-Somewer eet hni cbased-ser vedpar ticulartribes
20. a)Gi vet hreef act orst hatmadei tpos siblef orsett l
er stoeabl ishf ormsi nthewhite
highl
ands

20.a)-Supportbythecolonialgovernmentwhichpr ovi dedloans,land,l

abourandsecur
it
y
-Therewasfavourabl
ecl i
matewi thadequater ainfal
l
-I
mpr ovedtr
ansportsyem providedbytheconr uctionofrail
wayandf eederr
oads
-Thereweresuitabl
efer t
il
esoilsforagr
icultur
e
-Governmentencouragedf or
mat i
onofco- operativesocieti
es/fact
ori
es

b)Explai
nt heagricul
turalchangesi nt
roducedbyt heBrit
ishdur
ingthecolonialperi
od
20.b)-Subsiencefarmingwasdi scouragedi nreferencet ocashcropfar
ming
-Farmer sformedco- operativestoassii npurchasi ngoff
arminputsandselli
ngoft he
produce
-Newmet hodsoff arminge. g.terraci
ngwer ei ntr
oduced
-Newcashcr opswer ei nt
r oducede. g.coff
eeandwheat
-Plantati
onswer eeabl i
shed
-Introduceduseofmachi neryinf arminge.g.tractors
-Newmet hodsofdi seasesandpe cont rolwerei ntr
oduced
-Dairy/exot i
cbr eedsanddai ryfarmingwasi ntroduced
21
. a)Expl ai
nfiveconituti
onalchangeswhi cht ookplacei nKenyabetween1954and1 963

21
.a)-Lytlet
onconi
tuti
onof1954ledtonominat
ionoff
irAf
ricanmini
erandsever
alot
her
s
nominat
edtothelegco
-1957firel
ect
ionsheldwher
et heAf
ri
canswereelect
edt ot
helegco
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orMor
eEr
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-LennoxBoydconr ucti
ongavemor eseat sf oremper orsfrom 8t o1 4
-F irLancaerhouseconf er enceof1 960gaveAf ri
cansmor eseat sf r
om 1 4-33i nt he
legco
-1 960at eofemer gencywasl if
tedandAf ri
cansal l
owedt of orm nat ionalpol iti
cal
par ti
es
(KANUandKADU)
-SecondLancaerhouseconf erencedr ewupt heirindependencef eder alconitution
-1 961,jugener alelect i
onhel dKANUuni onbutr efusedt of orm outt her el
easeof
Kenyat ta.
KADUunderNgal af ormedt hecovenant
-1June,1 963Kenyaat tainedmut ualsel fgover nmentwi t
hKenyat taaspr i
memi nier
b)Des cribet her olepl ayedbyThomasMboyai nt her uggleforKenya’ si ndependence
between1 952and1 963
21.b)-Hewasamemberoft r
adeuni onmovementmemberofKenyal ocalgover nment
union
(
KLGWU)andKenyaf eder at
ionofl abour
-Pr oteedagai ncol onialsepar at i
onoft heAgi kuyu,AembuandAmer uf rom ot her
communi tiesi nNai robi
-HewasamemberofKAUandbecamei tsdi rectorofpubl icityin1 952.Lat eri t
s
treasurer
-Hepr ot eedagai ngover nmentdet entionandt ortureofAf ricanr ulers
-Hesol icitedf orf i
nanci alandmor alsuppor ttoKenyaf ederationofl abourf rom
international
tradeuni onsandor ganizations
-Hepr ot eedt her ericti
onofAf ri
cansf r
om gr owi ngcashcr ops
-Hecampai gnedf ort her eleaseofdet ainedt radeuni oniandpol iticall eaderse. g.
Kenyat ta
-Hef acil
itatedt r
adeuni oneducat i
oni nmanypar tsoft hecount ry
-Hepr ot eedt her ericti
onsofAf r
icansf rom gr owingcashcr ops
-Heai redAf ri
cangr ievancesi nt hei nt
er nationalf ora
-1957,hewasel ectedt ot hel egco
-WhenKANUwasf or medi n1 960,hewasel ectedasi t
ssecr etarygener al
-Condemnedr eser vat i
onofwhi tehighlandsf orEur opeanset tler
s
-Par ti
cipat edi nt heLancaerhouseconf erenceof1 960whi chchar ter edt hewayof
Kenya’ s
independence,coni t
ution
22. a)Gi vet hreer eas onswhypar li
ament ar yelect i
onsar ehel dr egularlyi nKenya
22.a)-I tisaconi tutionalr equi rementt hatgener alelectionsbehel dregul ar lyafterfive
years

-Sot hatKenyanscanel ectpeopleleadersoftheirchoicewhom t heyhaveconf idence

inthem
-Tokeepl eadersint heirtoesowi ngift
heydonotper f
or mt heywi llbevot edout
-Togi vecitizenstoexer cisetheirdemocraticri
ghtofel ect
ingr egularly
-Helpsgener at
enewi deasi nleadershi
pandr epresentati
on
b)Des cri
bet heagest hr
oughwhi chabilloasesbeforeitbecomesl aw
-1reading-t hebil
list abledinpar l
iamentbyeithertheAGi nt hemi nierwhose
portf
oliothe
bil
lfall
s.Thebi l
lisnotdi scussedbyMpsandt heymayappr ovet hebi l
lgoest o
secondr eading
-2nd r
eading-t hebillisdiscussedbyMps.Ammendment scanbemade.I tcanbe
rej
ectedor
poponedf orsi xmont hst oenablet heminieri
nchar get orethinkorr edraftthebil
l
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-Commi tteeage-t hecommi tteeandt hehouse/par l
iament ar ysel ectcommi tt
ee
scr utini zes
andanal ysest hebi ll
sandt her ecommendat i
onsmade
-Repor tage-t hecommi tteepr esent si t
sf i
ndi ngsbackt opar iamentf ortheMpst o
conf irmt hat
thei rsuggei onshavebeeni nco- oper ated
rd
-3 r eadi ng-f ur therar edoneandamendment scanbemade.Avot eistakenf or
appr ovalor
di sappr oval
-Pr esi dent ialassent -t hepr esi dentsi gnsf ort hebi lltobecomel aw
23. a)at ef i
vepr obl emsf acingt hegover nmenti ni t
sbudget ing
23.a)-Budget ar ydef i
ct sast hegover nmentf ai l
st or aiseal lexpect edr evenue
-Lowt axcol lect i
onr esul t
ingf r om unef ficiencyofsomeof ficials
-Taxevasi onbyunscr upul ousi ndi vidual s
-Nat ur alcal ami t i
esf rom emer genci esl ikedr oughtandf l
oods
-Over -r elianceondonorf undi ng
-Inf lationt r ends/r i
singpr icesofgoods
-Cor r upt ionbysomegover nmentof f
icer s
-Hi ghr ecur rentexpendi turee. g.paymentofsal ar i
es
-Pol iticalexper iencewher emoneyi sspentonpr oject st hati nfluenceposi tionof
sane,
pol i
tici ans
b)Expl ai nmeas ureswhi chhavebeent akenbyt heKenyagover nmenti nordert o
moni torandcont rolpubl icf inance
23.b)-Gover nmentei mat esmubeappr ovedbypar li
ament
-Par liamentappr ovesmoneyal locat edt oeachmi niry
-Suppl ement aryei mat emubeappr ovedbypar l
iament
-Anexpl anat i
oni sdemandedbypar liamenti fmoneyi sr etur nedt ot hetreasury
-Thepubl icaccount scommi t teeensur esgover nmentexpendi t
ur e
-Al lgover nmentexpendi turei saudi tedbyt hecont roll
erandaudi torgener al
-Par aat alaccount sar eaudi t edbyaudi t
orgener alofat escor por ations
-Thr ought endersyem whi chchecksani rregul ariti
esi nf inanci aldeal s
-Thr oughbudget ingbef oref inanci alal locat ions
-Mi ni er i
alaccount i
ngf orf unds
-Publ icaudi ti
ngbyt hepubl icaccount scommi t
tee
-Ant i-cor rupt ionaut hor itychecksonmi suseofpubl icfunds
24. a)at ef i
vef act or st hati nt er f
er ewi thf reeandf airelect rons
24.a) -Wher et her ear ei nci dencesofvi olence
-Cor rupt i
onamongcandi dat esandt hei rsuppor t
s
-Ef fici entdi ribut ionofel ect ionmat er ials
-Ext remeweat hercondi tionse. g.heavyr ainsonvot i
ngday
-I ncompet entel ectionof fi
ci als
-Tr anspor tandcommuni cat ionpr obl emst hatmayl eadt oi naccessi bil
it
yofpol li
ng
ations
-Appoi nt mentofpar tisan-el ect ionof ficials
-Useofnegat ivepr opagandabypar tyl eader sandt heirsuppor ter s
-Genderi nsensi tivi
t y
-Et hni candpar tyl oyal ties
b)Expl ai nf ivewaysi nwhi chpar li
amentcont rolst heexecut ivear m ofgover nment
24.b)-Par liamentappr ovessour ceofgover nmentr evenue/budget
-Mi ni er sar eaccount abl et opar liamentast heyanswerquei onsconcer ningt heir
mi nir ies
-Publ icaccount scommi tteescr ut i
ni zesgover nmentexpendi ture
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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-Par l
iamenthaspowert ol egislatebill
spr eparedbyt hegover nment
-Par l
iamentcanpassavot eofnoconf i
dencei nthegover nment
-Gover nmentexpendi tur emubeappr ovedbypar li
ament
-Par l
iamentmayl imitt hepower softheexecut i
vet hroughconi tut
ionalamendment
s
1.Namet hef irdis per salpointoft heMaas aiinKenyanear sLakeTur kana
1. -Endi gireeker i
.
2.Identif
yt hecr adlel andoft her i
verl akeTur kana
2. - Bahr —el-Ghazal
3.atet wor easonsf ort hedi spers aloft heeaer nBant usfrom Shungwaya
3. - Attacksf rom t heOr omo
-Nat uralcal ami tesandepi demi cs
-Sear chingf orpaur eandagr i
cul tur
alland
-Popul ationpr essure.
4.Giveonemai nchar acterii
coft heear lycoaalcityates
4. -Theywer er uledbysul tan-Islam wast heirmainr eli
gion-t
hei rmaineconomic
acti
vit
ywas
trade-bui l
di nghadt heAr abicdesi gn.
5.atet wof act orst hatcont ribut et othedecl ineofGedit own
5. -Lackofwat er
-At tackf rom hoi l
ecommuni t
ies
-Changeoft rader oots
6.Nameonecr opt hatwasi nt roducedbyt hePor tugueseal ongt hecoaofKenya.
6. - Guavas
-Cassavas
-Pineappl e
-Mai ze
7.Identif
yonet reat ys ignedbet weent heBr it
ishandt heGer mansdur i
ngt hepart
it
ionoft
he
eaAf r
ica

7. Anglo-Germant reatyof1886-angl
oGer manof1890
8.Givetwodut i
esofAf r
icanchiefsduri
ngthecolonialperi
od
8. - Coll
ecti
onoft axesleviedonAfri
cans-sol
vingcivi
lcasesinvol
vingAf
ri
cans-
conscr
ipti
onof
Laborers
-
maintaini
nglawandor der.
9.Namet heoathcr opthatwasi ntr
oducedinKenyabymi ssi
onari
es.

9. –Coffee
1
0.Nameonef armerscooper ativeandoneas soci
ati
onthatwereeablis
hedbylocall
ord
Delamer e
1
0. - KenyaCooper ativeCreamer ies( KCC)
-KenyaF armer sAssociation( KFA)
1
1.Namet womember soft heAf ri
canel ectedmember s’organi
zat
ion.
1
1. -Ogi ngaOdi nga
- MasindeMul ir
o
-Tom Mboya
- JamesMui mi
-RonaldNgal a
1
2.Ident if
ythemember swhor esignedt oallowMoi’select
iontothelegcoi
n1955
1
2. -John- Ole-Tameno
1
3.Def i
net het erm“ nationalphilosophy”
1
3. -Asetofbel i
efs,orani deologywhi chischampionedbyt heruli
ngpar
ti
esandis
widely
F
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cesCal
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accept edwi t hinapar li
ament arycount ry
14.Givet womai ncl as sesofhumanr i
ght s
14. - Cl assi calhumanr ight s
-Soci alhumanr ight s
15.atet wowayst hroughwhi chKenyanci ti
zens hipmaybeacqui red
15. - Bybi rth- bynat ur alizat i
on- bydescent -byr egi rati
on.
16.Definet het er m par liament ar ys upr emacy”asappl i
edi nKenya
16. - Par liamenti st hesupr emeor ganf r om whi chot heror gansoft hepar l
iamentdr aw
thei
rdut ies
andf unct i
onsi .
e.deci si onsoft hegover nmentcannotbechal l
engedbyanyot her
organ
17.Givet woef fect sofOmaniAr abr uleal ongKenya’ scoa
17. - Expansi onofl ongdi anceandi nter nalt rade
-Int roduct i
onofnewcur rencyi .
e.r upee
-Incr easeofsl avet radeatt hecoaandf rom t hei nterior
-Devel opmentoft hepl ant ationagr i
cul t
ur e.
18.(a)at et her eas onf ort hemi gr at ionoft heMaas aiintoKenyadur i
ngt hepr e-col
oni al
period
18.a)-Popul at ionpr essur ef rom t hei rhomel and
-Ext er nalat tacksf rom t henei ghbor ingl i
ket hekar amaj ong
-Int er nalr ivesi nt hecommuni ty.
-Nat ur alcal ami t
iesl i
kedr oughtandf ami ne
-Di seasesandepi demi cs
(b)Expl ai nt hepol i
ticalor gani zat ionoft heMaas aii nt he1 9th century
18.b)- Thebasi cpol iticaluni twast hecl an
-Counci lofel der sconsi edofr ituall eader sandf ami l
yheads
-Cl answer esemi -aut onomous
-Counci lofel der smai ntai nedl awandor der ,admi nierjuice,decl aredwarorsuef or
place
andact edast hef inalcour tofappeal
-War rior s( mor ans)r aidedot hercommuni tiesanddef endedt hecommuni t
ies
-Theypr act icedt heage- setsyem,eachwi t hspokesmenandal soexer cised
leader shi pr ulesi n
tur ns
-Fr om mi d1 9th cent ur yt heMaasaievol vedt hei nitutionofOl oikwhowast her i
tual
headbutwasconsul t edbef or er aidsandwar fare,hecoul dpr edictfut
ur eevent s.
19.(a)Hi ghl ightt hedut iesofPor tugues ecapt ainsal ongt hecoa
19.a)- Col lect ingt ribut ef rom l ocalr ul ers
-Imposi ngcuom dut i
esoni mpor tsandexpor ts
-Suppr essi ngr ebel li
on
-Super visingt her uli
ngf ami li
esi nt heci tyat e
(b)Di s cus st hei mpactoft hePor tugues erul eal ongt hecoa.
19.b) - Por tugueser uledi sr upt edt het radebet weent hecoaandt heout erwor l
d.
-Frequentr ebel lionsandt her aidsbyt hePor t
uguesel eadi ngt olossofl if
eand
der uct ionof
pr oper ties.
-Decl ineofset t
lemente. g.Gedi
-Di sr upt edI slam duet oconantf i
ght i
ngandder uct ionofmosques
-Por tugueseadmi nirat ionwashar shandr ut hlesst husl eadi ngt osuff
er i
ngofl ocal
peopl ef or cingt hem t of lee.
-I
nt r oduct ionofnewcr opse. g.mai ze,pot atoesandpi neappl e
-I
tl edt ot hei ntr oduct ionofKi swahi l
ifort hePor tuguesecont ri
butedaf ewwor di nit
e.g.
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cesCal
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meza.
-I
tl edtot hebui ldingoft hef i
ght ingf ortJesuswhi chsur vivedt hedeclineand
mai ntai
nedan
i
mpor tantt our iat t
ract
iontdat e.
-Theyadmi ni
ert heKenyancoaf r om Goaandt hiscont r
ibut edtot hedevel opmentofa
rongr elat i
onbet weent hecoa.
-Theybui l
tchur chesal ongt hecoahencet heconver sationofsomepeopl et o
Chr ii
ani
ty.
20.
a)Gi ve5f act orswhi chl etot heeabl ishmentoft hei ndependentchur chesands chools
dur
ingthe
col onialper iod
20.a)-Af ricanswer eagai nEur opeani nter ferenceint heirt r
adingcul turalpracti
ces
-Af ricanswer er eact i
ngagai nsegr egat ionanddi scri
minat i
onmi ssi
onchur chesand
school s.
-Itwasonewayofexpr essingt heirconsci ousnessandnat ionalism.
-Af ricanswer er eact i
onagai ninfer i
oreducat ionalf aci
li
ti
esImi ssionschool s
-Independentchur chesemer gedasar esultofr uggleforl eadershipbet weenAf rican
and
whi t
esi nt hechur ches.
-Ther ewasapr obl em inthei nterpr etationoftheChr ii
ant eachingswhi chpor trayed
Jesusashavi ng
comef ort hewhi tes.
-Ther ewasanal readyexi ingdenomi nat i
ondiff
er entbet weenCat holi
csandpr oteants
whi chgave
theAf ricansf orexampl e.

b)Expl aint hepr obl emswhi chf acedt hei ndependents choolandchur ches
20.b)- Inadequat ef acilit
iese. g.bui l
ding,t eachi ngmat er ials,andt eachingaff.
-Rer ictionbyt hecol oni algover nmentwhi chpr ohi bitedt heopeni ngofmor eschools
and
bur ningofexi ingones.
-Opposi ngf r
om mi ssionar ychur ches.
-Lackofor dainedchur chesmi niers.
-Lackofcoor di nat i
onwhi chr esultedt or ival rye.g.KI SAandKKEA.
-Inadequat ef undst ocar ryoutt heirpr ogr ammer sef fectively.
-Theyl ackedanat i
onalwi deout l
ookast heywer er erict
edt osomear eas.
21.
(a)Highl ightt her ol eoft her ulingpar tyi ngover nmentandnat ionbui l
ding.
21.a)- For msgover nmentaf terwi nni
nggener alel ecti
onandi tsleaderbecomespr esident.
.
-For mul at esnat ionalpol i
cieswi t
hinwhi cht hegover nmentoper ates.
-Moni torspubl i
cf eelingst owar dsi tseabl ishmentandadvi cesgover nmentaccor di
ngly.
-Wor kswi thci vilser viceatal llevel sini mpl ement inggover nmentpol i
cy.
-Laysdownpol icyt ogui dei tsmember sofpar l
iament .
-Pr omot espol iti
calawar enessai medatenhanci ngconsci ence.
-Hel pst omai ntai nlawandor derbypr ovi dingsecur ity.
-Hel pst oi nfor mul atingt hecount ry’sfor eignpol icy.
(
b)Expl aint hechal lengesf acingpol i
ticalpar tiesi nt heKenyat oday
21.b)- Per sonaldi fferencebet weenpar tyl eader s.
-Conf lictoverl eader ship( l
eader shi pwr angl es)
-Ethni cort ribaldi f
ferences.
-Sel f
ishmot iveswhi chcour separ tymember stodef ect .
-Ideol ogi caldi ff
er encesamongpar tymember s.
-Inadequat ef undsf orpar tyoper ations.
-Ignor anceandwi despr eadpover t
yamongt heel ector at
er esulttotheircompromise
F
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eEr
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cesCal
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dur ingel ect ion.
22.(a)atet hr eef unct i
onsoft hej udi cials er vicecommi ss ion
22.a)- Appoi nt sandpr omot esseni orof f
icer soft hej udi ciar y.
-Revi ewandr ecommendsi mpr ovement stot het er m ofser vi
cef orj udiciaryof f
icial
s.
-Di sci plinesandf ireser r antj udi cialof ficers.
(b)Expl aint her eas onwhyt hei ndependenceoft hej udi ci aryisimpor tant
22.b)- I
tpr omot est heobser vat ionoft her ulesofl awandhumanr ights.
-I
tenabl est hecour ttoper ateanddi schar get hei rdut i
eswi t
houtf earoff avour .
-I
tcr eat esaconduci veenvi ronmentf ori nvementbyenhanci nginveor sconf idence. i
t
hel ps
t oguar ant eet hel iber tyort heci tizens.
-I
tguar ant eesf airnessi nt headmi ni r
ationofj uice.
-I
ndependentoft hej udi ciar ychecksagai nabuseofpowerbyt hel egislatureand
execut ive.
23.(a)Highl i
ghtt hr eef ormsofgover nmentcapi talexpendi tur e
23.a)- Newpubl icpr oject s.
-Impl ement ationofnewgover nmentpr ogr ammes.
-Cr eat ionofnewgover nmentdepar tmentandser vi nggover nmentl ocal l
yandabr oad.
(b)Dis cus swaysi nwhi cht hegover nmentens ur est hatpubl i
cfundsar enotmi s
us ed.
23.b)- Theant i-cor rupt i
onaut hor itychecksont hemi suseofpubl i
cf undsandpr osecut i
on
ofpeopl e
invol ved i ncor ruptpr act i
ces.
-Ther ei sasyem ofopent ender ingi nal lpubl icof fi
cestoensur et r
anspar encyand
acount bili
ty.
-Par liamentmusanct i
onal lwi thdr awal sf rom t heconsol idatedf unds.
-Thr ought hebudget ,thegover nmental locat ingspeci fi
cfundst ospeci f
icpr oject
every
financi alyear .
-Speci ficof fi
cer sar eassi gnedt heaut hor ityt oi ncurexpendi t
urear ehel d
responsi bl ef ort he
moneyt heyspend.
24.(a)atet hef unct ionoft hecl erkt ot henat i
onalas sembl y.
24.a)- Mai nt ainsl inkswi t hmi ni riesoni ssuesr elatedt opar li
ament.
-Pr epar eandkeepssaf et yal lpar liament aryr ecor ds
-I
st hechi efaccount ingof ficer sofpar li
ament .
-Super viset hepar liamentaf f.
-Takest hemi nut esoft hepr oceedi ngsi nthehouse,andadvi cesmember smat tersof
pr ocedur es.
-Pr inci paladvi soryt ot hespeaker sandmpsont hepar li
ament arypr ocedur es
practices,
convect i
onandt radi tion.
(b)Expl aint hef eat urest hatl i
mi tspar li
ament arys upr emacyi nKenya
24.b)- Thel awpassedbyt hepar li
amentmuconsi dert hepeopl ecuom andt r
adi t
ions.
-Incr easedpoweroft her ulesofl awhi nder spar l
iamentf rom passesl awwhi char e
contraryt o
theconi tutionoft hel and.
-Localaut hor i
tymakesbyl awswhi chmayunder mi net hesupr emacyofpar l
iament .
-Thepr esi denthaspowert osi deepspar l
iamente. g.bydecl ari
ngaat eof
emer gency.
-Insomei nancest heappl icat i
onofi nter nat ionall awsmayunder mi nesupr emacyof
par li
ament .
1.Namet wopr e- hior i
cs itesi nKenya
1. –Rusi nga
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cesCal
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-Kanjesa
-Or l
ogesai lle
-Huraxhi ll
-FortTer man
-Kariandusi
-Gambl escave
-KobiF ora
-Njoror ivercave
2.atetwo r eas ons why t he Maas aihi ghlyvaluedcat t
leint he pre-coloni
alper
iod
2.-I twasusedf orr eli
giouspur posese. g.sacr i
fi
ces
-Itwasusedi nt hepaymentofbr i
depr ize/dowr y
-Providedt hecommuni tywi thf ooduf fe. g.milk,bl
oodandmeat
-Itprovidedt hem wi thhidesf ormaki ngcl othes
-Itsproduct swer eusedf ort radingact i
viti
es
-Itwasbel ievedt obeaspeci algiftfrom God/Enkai
3.Ident i
fythecol lect i
venameoft heTur kana,Sambur uandtheMaas aiofKenya
3. -Pl ainni lot es
4.atet wof act or st hatl edtot hedevel opmentofAkambal ongdiancetr ade
4.-Avai labil
ityoft radegoods
-Exienceofawel lor ganizedl ocalt r
ade
-Proximi t
yt ot hecoa/cent ruallocat i
onofKambal and
-Exienceofent erpr i
singmer chantse. g.Ki voiandKyal o
-Demandf ort heircommodi ties
-Unsui t
ablecl imat i
ccondi t
ionf orf armi ng
5.Namet wochar ter edcompani est hateabl i
shments pheresofinf
luencei nEaAfri
cain
1880’ s

5.-TheGer manEaAf ri
canCompany( GEACO)
-TheImper ialEaAf r
icanCompany( I
BEACO)
6.at
eoneel ementofagoodci ti
zeni nKenya
6.-Respectf orot herpeopl e/theirproperty
-Obediencet ot hel awsofthecount ry
-Parti
cipati
oni ndevel opmentpr oj
ects
-Parti
cipati
oni nthedemocr ati
cpr ocess
-Beingloyal /pat r
iotictoonescount ry
-Practi
cingi ntegrity/honeywhenper f
ormingdut
ies
-Reportingl awbr eaker stotheaut hori
ties
-Eff
ici
entuseofnat i
onalresources

7.Whatwast hemai noutcomeoft hesecondLancaerhouseconferenceof1 962

7. -I tdr ewt heconit
utionthatusher
edKenyat oindependence
8.Identif
yt wopol i
ti
calchangeswhi choccurr
edinKenyai n1966.
8.-Odi ngar esignedfrom KANUandf ormedKenyaPeopl esUnion
-Coni t
utionalamendmentwaspassedwhi chrequir
edanyMPwhor esignedfrom KANUto
rel
inquishhi sseatinparli
amentandseekf r
eshmandat e
-Twohousesofpar li
amentwer eaboli
shedandr epl
acedwi t
hauni camerallegi
slat
ure
9.atethemot t
ooft heKenyapol i
ce
9. -Ut umi shikwawot e/servicetoall
10.Namet wof oundermemberoft heKenyaAfri
canDemocr ati
veunion(KADU)
10.
-Ronal dNgal a
-MasindeMul i
ro
F
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cesCal
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-Dani
elAr
apMoi
-Mart
iShi
kuku
1
1.at
etwowaysthroughwhi
chmi
ssi
onar
yat
ionspr
omot
edt
hes
preadofChr
ii
ani
tyi
nKenya

1
1.-Cat echi swer et rainedt her e/i nt erpr eters
-Ser vedasheal thcent er swher et hesi ckwer et reated
-Mi ssionar iesmi xedf reel ywi thpeopl eandconver t
edt hem
1
2.Gi vet hemai nr eas onwhi chl edt oAngl oGer managr eementof1 890.
1
2.-Cont inuedconf li
ctbet weent heBr it
ishandt heGer mansUganda
1
3.at et hemai nr olethatobs erver spl aydur ingel ect ionsinKenya.
1
3.-Theyi ndicat ewhet herel ect i
onwer ef r
eeandf air
1
4.Ident if
yt woconi tutionalpr opos alsmadebyOl i
verLyt telt
onwhenhevi sit
edKenya.
1
4.-Pr oposedt heeabl ishmentofar acialcounci lofmi niri
es
-Pr oposed1Af ri
canel ect ionst ot hel egislat i
vecounci lever ytwoyear s
-Li f
tedabanonAf ri
canpol iticalpar ties
1
5.Whati st hemai nf unct ionofaper manents ecr etar yinagover nmentmi niryi
nKenya
1
5.-I st hechi efaccount i
ngof fi
cer
1
6.Whi chi sthemai ns our ceofgover nmentr ev enuei nKenya
1
6.-Taxat ion
1
7.a)Gi vet hree r eas ons why t heBant umi gr ated f r om Shungwaya
1
7.a)-I nversi onoft heset tlementbyt hei ncomi ngcushi tes
-Inter nalconf l
icts/f euds
-Popul ationi ncr ease
-Outbr eakofdi sease/epi der mi cs/nat ur alcal ami ti
es
b)Des cribet hepol i
ticalor gani zationoft heMi jikendai nthepr e- colonialperi
od
1
7.b)-TheMi ji
kendawer eor gani zedi ntobet ween4t o6cl answi thmanysubl ocati
ons
-Eachcl anl i
vedi npr ot ect edvi llagesownasKaya
-Youngmenbecamemember sofageset saf tergoi ngt hroughci rcumcisi
on
-Seni ouragesetmember smadeupt hegover ningcounci lscal l
edkambi
-Thecounci lwasr esponsi bl ef ort headmi nirationofacl anset t
leddi sput
es
-Counci lmeet ingswer echai r edbyheadmen
-Thef uriousage- setmember smadeupt hewar riorgroupwhi chwaschangedwi th
defendi ngt he
communi ty
c)Des cr i
bet hes ocialor gani zat ionoft heMi j
ikendai nthepr e- colonialperi
od
1
7.c)-TheMi j
ikendabel ievedi nt heexi enceofonesupr emeGodwhom t heycall
edMulungu

-Pr ayer
swer emadedi rect lytoMul ungu
-Theyof feredsacr if
icest oappeaseMul ungu
-Pr iespresidedoverr eli
gi ouscer emoniesandr ituals
-Ot herpeoplesuchast hemedi cinemen,di vinerspl ayedanimpor t
antr eli
giousand
socialroles
amongt heMi j
ikenda
-Theybel ievedi ntheancer alspiritswhogavegui dancet ofamil
iesandmedi tat
ed
betweent hem
andt hei
rGod
-Theel der
lymember soft hesoci etyimpar t
edsociet alvaluesandnor mst otheyouth
18.
a)at et hreereasonswhyt her ewasconantr ebell
ionsagai nt he Omar iAr
abs
18.a) -Rul ebytheKenyancoaalcommuni ti
es
-TheOmanr ulewashar shandr ut
hless
-Thecoaalt ownswant edt or egaintheirindependence
-Thecoaalt owns/communi tieswer eagai nOmarcol lecti
onoftaxesfrom them
-MohammedI bnUt hmanl edhi scoaalcommuni t
yagai nOmanr ulebyref usi
ngt o
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eEr
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cesCal
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r
ecogni ze
thenewOmanr ules
-Ther ewasr ival rybet weenBusai diandAmazr uif ami ly
b)Expl ains ixef fect sofPor tugues e r uleont heKenyancoa
18.b) -I tl edt ot hedecl i
neoft heI ndianoceant radedecl ineoft hegol dt rade
-I tledt ot hedecl ineofr uinoft owns
-I tledt ol ossofl ifedur ingt heirconantr aidsoncoalt owns
-Theheavyt axest hatwer ei mposedont hecoaalpeopl eshi nderedt hedevel opment
of
commer ci alandagr icul t
uralr esour cesatt hecoa
-Theybui ltF or tJesuswhi chbecameahi or icmonumenti nt hesubsequentyear s
-Theybr oughtnewcr opst ot hecoae. g.mai ze,gr oundnut sandpi neappl es
-Theyi ntroducedt heuseoff arm yar dmanur e
-Ther el anguageenr ichedt heKi swahi lilanguage
-Thei nt roduct ionofgunsandot heradvancedweaponsbyt hePor tuguese
cont r
ibut edt o
insecur ityi nt her egi on
-Commer ciall inksbet weent heKenyancoaandt heAr abi anpar ti
cularwer ealmo
compl etelycutof f
-SomeAf ricanswer econver tedt oChr iiani ty
-Cl oserl i
nksbet weent heKenyancoaandI ndi adevel oped
-Thei rconqueoft heKenyancoaexposedt hear eat oot herEur opeanpower s
19.
a)Gi ve f i
ver eas ons f orBr i
tishoccupat ionofKenyai nt he1 9th cent ury
19.a)-Br itainwant edaccesst oUgandasoast ocont rolt hesour ceoft heNi l
e
-I nor dert oeabl ishamar ketf orhermanuf act uredgoods
-TheuseofKenyaasanout letforset tli
ngsur pluspopul at ion
-TouseKenyaasapl acef orsur pluscapi tali nvement
-TouseKenyaasasour ceofr awmat er i
als
-Topr eventKenyaf rom bei ngcol onizedbyot herEur opeanpower s
-Topr otectEur opeanmi ssionar i
esandot herBr itit
ishnat ional i
s
b)Expl ainf iver es ultsoft heAgi kuyumi xedr eact ionst ot heBr it
ishinvas ionofKenya
19.b)-I tf ueledhat r edandani mosi tyinmoofKi kuyuand,wi theachsect ionhavi ng
misgivings
aboutt heot her
-Lar get ract sofl and( enabl e)wer ecar vedoutf ort heBr i
tishwi tht hehel pof
coll
abor ating
Agi kuyul eader s
-Somel eader sr oset opr omi nenceduet ocol labor at i
one. g.Kar uruwaGakur e
-Thosewhocol l
abor at edr eceivedweer neducat ionandwer econver tedt oChr i
ianit
y
-I tledt ot heemer genceofhomeguar ds,col onialheadmenandmanyot heragent sof
the
Br i
t i
shr ul ei nKenya
-I tledt ol ossofl ifee. g.Wai yakiwaHi ngaandmanyot herAgi kuyuf ightswer ekil
led
-Ther ewasmassi veder ucti
onofpr oper tye. g.F or tDagor et t
iwasbur ntdownby
Agikuyu
war r
ior s
-SomeAgi kuyul eader sbecameweal t
hyandgai nedpr eige
-I tledt ol ossofAgi kuyui ndependence
20.a)at et hr ee f eat ur esofmi s si
onar yeducat ioni ncol oni alKenya
20.a)-I twasel ement ary,emphasi zingr el
igion,wr iting,r eadi ng,hygi eneandar ithmetic
-I twasi ndur ialandt echni calinappr oach
-I twasdenomi nat ionalandai medati ncul cat ingdoct rinesofr espect i
vechur ches
-I twasnon-academi c
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b)Expl ai ns i
xr oleswhi chcooper ativemovementhaspl ayedi npr omot ingnat i
onal
devel opmenti nKenyas ince1 963
20.b)-Cooper ativeshaveenabl edwor ker st osaveandi nvet heirear nings/pr ovidel oans
-Somecooper ativesassimember st omar kett hei
rpr oducee. g.cof f
ee,t eaand
sugar cane
-Theycr eat eempl oymentoppor tunitiest opeopl e
-Theyeducat et hemember soni nvementr at egieswhi chenhancet heirpar ti
cipat i
on
in
nat ionaldevel opment
-Thegover nmentder ivesi ncomef rom t hecooper ativesi nfor m oft axesandshar es
-Cooper at i
vesassimember st oacqui repr oper tytoenhancet heireconomi cwel l
bei ng e. g.
land
-Cooper at i
vespr ovi dedi videndst omember swhi chenhancet hei reconomi cat us
-Cooper ativespl ayar olei ndevel opingi nfrar ucturee. g.roadsandor agef acil
ities
21.a)at ef iveci rcumances underwhi ch one woul d ceas et obea ci ti
zen ofKenya
21.a)-Ci tizenshi pbybi rthcanbel oi foneacqui r esci t
izenshi pofanot hercount ry
-I ncaseofdualci t i
zenshi p,af ter21year sofage,onei ssupposedt ogi veup
citi
zenshi pofone
oft hecount ri
esbutbyage23year soneaut omat ical l
yceasesbei ngaKenyan
-I fonehasbeendi sloyalt ot hecount ryt hr oughact i
onorspeech
-Ifonet radessecr et sofKenyat ot heenemyorassi st heenemydur ingwar
-I fonei ssent encedt oi mpr i
sonmentf oraper iodof1 2mont hs ormor ewi t
hinf ive
year sfro
theper iodofr egi rat i
on
-Onehadbeenoutoft hecount ryf orbet ween7year sandaboveandhadnotnot if
ied
the
Kenyanembassy
-I fiti spr ovedt hatt her egi rati
onornat ur alizat ionwast hroughf raudorcor rupt i
on
-I fonehasdualci tizenshi pandf ailst ogi veupci ti
zenshi poft heot hercount rywi thin
three
mont hs
b)Expl ainf ivepr inciplesofDemocr acy
21.b)-Equal i
ty-Democr acypr omot esequal ityamongal lregar dlessoft heirbackgr ounds
-Rul eofl aw-Democr acyembr acest hepr inci palsoft her uleofl awi nwhi ch
par ti
cipant s
respectandadher et ot her uleofl aw
-Bal anceofpower -Democr acybal ancespoweroft hei ndivi
dualandat esucht hatt he
subj ect sadher et ot hel awwhi l
et hegover nmentdoesnotcur tailhis/herf r
eedom
-Coexi ence:Democr acycal l
sf orcooper at ionandcul tivati
onofgoodvi r
tuest o
promot e
peace
-Par ti
cipat i
ngi ndemocr acyasawhol ei nt hei rgover nment
-Economi cdemocr acy:Thi simpl i
esdecent r alizati
onofeconomi cpowersot hat
individual s
andcommuni t
iescanbeempower ed
-Tr anspar encyandr ecount abi l
ityoft hegover nment
-F r eeandaccount abl emedi a
-F r ee,f airandr egul arel ection
22. a)atef ivef unct ionoft hecabi neti nKenya
22.a)-Tof ormul at enat i
onalandf oreignpol i
ci est ogui det hecount ry
-Toadvi cet hepr esi dentoni ssuesofnat ionaldevel opmentr elatedt omi niri
es
-Tosuper viset hei mpl ement ati
onofgover nmentpol iciesbyr espect ivemi niries
F
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-Toi nitiat e/appr ovegover nmentbi l
lsf ordi scussi onbypar l
iament
-Toi nitiat edevel opmentpr oject sbymi niri
esi ndi ff
er entpar tsoft hecount ry
-Todi scussi mpor tantnat i
onalandi nt ernat ionali ssues
-Topr epar ebudget ar yei mat esf ort her espect i
vemi niries
-Tocol lect ivel ydef endgover nmentpol icies
b)Expl ainf iver olesoft hear medf or cesofKenya
22.b)-Theydef endt hecount ryf rom ext er nalaggr ession/at tacks
-Theyassit hepol icei nt hemai nt enanceofl awandor der /int ernalsecur it
y
-Theypr ovi deemer gencyser vicesdur i
ngnat ur aldi saer ssuchasuncont roll
ablefir
e,
ear thquakeandf loods
-Theyassii nnat i
onbui ldingact ivitiessuchasr oadandbr i
dgeconr uct
ion
-Theypar t icipat ei ni nter nat i
onalpeacekeepi ngf ort hemai ntenanceofpeaceand
securityi n
areasr avagedbywar
-Theypr ovi deent er tainmentdur ingnat ionalf unct i
ons
-Theymountguar dofhonor st ovi sitingheadsofat e
23a)at ef ivechal lengesf aci ngmul ti-par tydemocr acyi nKenya
23.a)-Leader shi pwr angl es
-Pol iti
calpar tiest endt ot aket riball ines
-Ther ei spol iticaldi shoney/cor rupt ion
-Ther ei sper pet ualdef lect ionf rom onepar tyt oanot her
-Lackoff undst ocar ryoutnat i
onalf unct ions
-Thepar tiesl ackcl earsuppor tandi deol ogi esmaki ngt hem t ohavenodi rict
dif
ference
-Lackofci viceducat i
onhencemanyci tizensdon’ tappr eciatemul t
ipartydemocr acy
-Har assmentbyt hegover nment /par ti
esci vilser vice
-Manypol iticiansandseni orci vilser vant swer er el uct antt oembr acemul tipart
ism
andi ncited
peopl eagai nmul tipar tyadvocat es
b)Di scus st hei mpor tanceofanat ionalbudgeti nKenya
23.b)-Hel pst hegover nmentt opr iotisei tsneeds
-Hel pst hegover nmentt oi dent ifysour cesofr evenue
-Tof acilitat ei dent if
icat i
onofdevel opmentpr oj ect st of inancei nt hecomi ngyear
-MPsar egi venachancet omoni torhowt hegover nmentut il
izespubl i
cfunds/t o
enhance
transpar encyandaccount abi li
ty
-Hel pst hegover nmentt obal ancei tsr evenueandexpendi ture
-Enabl est hegover nmentt oexpl aint het axr uct ur et ot hepubl i
c
-Ensur esabal ancedandequi tabl edevel opmenti nt hecount ry
-Suppl ement ar ybudget s/handl esemer gencyexpendi tures
-Ensur esappr opr iat eal l
ocat i
onoff undst ogover nmentdepar tment s
-Enabl est hegover nmentt ocommuni cat ei tspl ansandpol iciesl ocal l
y,and
inter
nat i
onal l
ye. g.
toi nveorandf or eigndonor s
-Eval uat est heper formanceoft hegover nment /forcompar isonbet weent wof i
nancial
yearsi n
ter msofeconomi cper f
or mances
1.atetwowaysi nwhi cht heHi ghl andNi lotesi nt eract edwi tht heAbal uhya.
1. –I nt ermar riage
-Tr ade
-War fare
-Li ngui icassi mi lat i
on
-Cul tur alassi mi lat i
on
F
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-Spor
ti
ngactivi
ti
es
2.Giveonewayi nwhichtheowledgeofir
onwor ki
nghelpedinthemigr
ati
onofthe
Bant
us
2. -Ledt obett
erfarmingt
oolshenceincr
easedfoodproducti
onandfi
nal
lypopul
ati
on
pressure

3.Apar tf r
om t rade,gi vet woot herr eas onsf ort hecomi ngoft heAr abst ot heKenyancoa.
3. -Escaper eli
gi ousper secution
-Spr eadI slam
-Toeabl i
shset tl
ement s
-Toexpl or e/f oradvent ure
4.Namet wonegat iveef f
ect sofs lavet radeonKenyancommuni ti
es .
4. -Mi ser yandsuf fer ing
-Killi
ngandi ncr easedwar f
ar e
-Depopul at i
on
5.Gi veoner eas onwhySeyyi dSai dt ookdi r
ectcont roloft hes ettl
ement sal ongt heKenyan
coa.
5. -Toensur er evenuef rom taxeswasr emittedt oOman
-Topr eventofcoaalset t
lement sf rom decl ari
ngt hemsel vesi ndependent
-Tocont r
olI ndi anOceant rade
6.Gi veonewayi nwhi chr uraltour banmi gr ati
oni nKenyacont r
ibut est onat i
onaluni t
y.
6. -Br oughtmanypeopl ef r
om di f
fer entcommuni ti
est oget herwhouni tedt of acet he
chal l
enges
from t hecol oni algover nment
-SomeAf r i
canswhomi gratedt ot ownsandwer eempl oyedf ormedt radeuni ons
whi ch
spear headedt her ugglef ori ndependence
7.Ident i
fyonecommuni tyi nKenyawhi chhadacent rali
zeds yem ofgover nmentdur ing
thepr ecol oni alper iod.
7. -Wanga
8.Ident i
fyt wonegat ivecons equencesofur banizat i
oni nKenyadur i
ngt hecol onialper iod.
8. -Out br eakofdi seasesduet ocongei on
-Ur banspr awlasmanypeopl ebecomel andless
-Inadequat ehousi ngf aci
lit
ies
-Over cr owdi ngi nsl ums
-Cul tur aler osi on/mor aldecay
9.Gi vet woexampl esofwomenwhopl ayedcr ucialrolesi nther uggl ef orindependence
i
nKenya.
9. -Mekat il
il
iwaMenza
-Syot unewaKat huke
-Mar yMut honiNyanj ir
u
-Mar shal lMut honi
-Mor aawaNgi ti
10.at etwodemandswhi cht heAf ricanel ect edMember sAs s
ociationpr es entedt o Lennox-
Boydi n
1957.
10. -Theydemandedt hei ncreaseoft henumberofel ectedAf ricanst oLegcot o1 4
-Ther eshoul dbespeci alelect ionof4Af ricansnomi natedt oLegconotr epr esenting
coni tuenci es
-Acommi ssionbesetupt or eviewandr ecommendt heabol iti
onofr aciregulations
thatt he
numberofAf r i
canmi niert ober aisedt ot wo
11
.Gi vet hreemai nr olesofoppos iti
onpar tiesi nKenya.
F
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1
1. -Awat chdogofgover nment
1
2.Ident
ifyt hes yem ofgover nmenti nKenya.
1
2. -Mul ti-par t
ydemocr acy
1
3.atetwopower soft heHi ghCour tofKenya.
1
3. -Or iginalpower
-Appel latepower
1
4.Namet hechi efmedi atori npo- elect i
oncr isi
sinKenyai n2007.
1
4. -Kof fiAnnan
1
5.Givetwof act orswhi chunder mi net heef f
ect i
venes soft
hepol i
ceinKenya.
1
5. -Lackoff aci l
iti
es
-Frequentr oadacci dent saddpr essur et opol ice
-Cor rupt ioni ngover nmenti nitutions
-Poorcondi tionsofwor k
-Negat iveat tit
udebypubl i
ct owar dpol i
cef orce
-Easyaccesst oweaponsbycr imi nalsr i
skpol i
ceeffort
s
-lackofr egul ari n-ser vicet raining
-Highpopul ation
-Cor ruptj udicialsyem demor al
izehar dwor kingoffi
cers
-Rel uct ancebypubl ict ovol unt eervi talinformat i
ononi nsecur
it
y
-Pol iti
cali nter ference
1
6.Nameonepar li
ament aryf inancewat chdogcommi tt
eeinKenya.
1
6. -Publ icaccount scommi ttee( PAC)
-Budget aryCommi tt
ee( JF T&BC)
-Publ ici nvementcommi ttee
1
7.I
dentif
yoneNat ionalPhi l
os ophyus edasadevel opmentr ategyinKenya.
1
7. -Nyayoi sm
-Har ambee
-Soci alism
1
8.(a)atef i
vecaus esofmi gr ationoft heMaas aitot heirpresenthomeland.
1
8a). -Needf orgr azingl and
-Diseasesandepi der mics
-Inter nalconf li
ct s
-Hoi lenei ghbour s
-Popul ationi ncr ease
-Spi ritofadvent ur e
-Dr ought ,fami neandot hercal ami ties
(b)Des cr i
bet hes oc io-pol i
ticalor gani zationoft heMaas aiduri
ngthepre-col
oni
alper
iod.

1
8.b)-Bel ievedi nexi enceofGodEnkai
-Prayedt hroughOl oibon
-Offeredsacr ifi
cest ogodsundert r
ees
-Culturaldancesdur ingcircumcisi
onandmar riage
-Circimcisedboysandgi rl
s
-Politi
call
y,t heywer eorganizedinsemi -autonomouscl
ans
-Hadage- setsyem
-Hadwar ri
or swhodef endedcommuni t
y
-Hadr i
tualleader s
1
9.(a)Whydi dChr i
ianmi ss i
onari
eseabl i
shmi ssi
onat ionsi
nKenyai
nthe1
9thcent
ury?
1
9.a)-Tot eachAf ricanshowt or eadtheBible
-Tot rainAfricancat echis
-Toconver tAf r
icant oChrii
anity
-Tospr eadweer nculture
-Tot eachAf ricansfarming,asonr yandcar pentry
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-Tcat erf orheal t hneedsofAf ricans
-Tohavebaseofoper ationf ort hemi ssionar ies
-Toser veasset tlement sf orf reedsl aves
-Topr omot eEur opeancol oni zat i
on
(b)Expl ainf iver es ul t
soft hemi ss ionar yact ivitiesi nKenya.
19.b)-Spr eadChr iiani ty
-Under mi nedAf ricancul tur eandpr omot edweer ncul ture
-Spr eadweer neducat ionandci vi li
zation
-Promot edmedi calser vicesbybui ldinghospi t
als
-Devel opedagr icul tur alandt echni calski ll
s
-Thei rwor kl edt ot her i
seofAf ricani ndependentchur ches
-Thei rwor kl edt ot heeabl i
shmentofi ndependentAf ri
canschool s
-Ledt oabol itionofsl avet rade
-Cont ribut edt oexpl or atione. g.Kr aptwer ef irEur opeant oseeMt .Kenya
-Missi onar iesr epr esent edAf ricansi nthel egislat ivecounci le.g.JohnAr t
hur
-Theywer ef or er unner sofcol oni ali
sast heyaskedmot hercount r
iest ogi vet
hem
protection
20.( a)atef ivewaysi nwhi cht heBr itishencour ageds et tlerf armi ng.
20. -Al ienat i
onofAf r icanl and
-Provi sionofcheapl abourt hr oughr esour cesl iket axat ion
-Thecol oni algover nmentpr ovi dedext ensi onof ficer s
-Devel opi ngoft r anspor tandcommuni cat ionsyem
-Offer i
ngofgoodsecur ityt ot hewhi tehi ghl ands
-Offer i
ngofcr edi tandbanki ngf aci lit
iest ot hewhi tef ar mer s
-Eabl i
shi ngoft hemi niryofAgr icul ture
-Bynotal lowi ngAf ri
canst ogr owcashcr ops
(b)Expl ainf iveef fect sofcol oni all andpol iciesi nKenya.
20.b) -Af ricanswer edi spossessedoft hei rl and
-Landwascur vedf ort heconr uct ionoft her ai l
way
-Africanswer epushedi ntor eser ves
-Landsetasi def orAf ricanswasnotenough;Af ricanswer ef orcedt omi gratet
ot owns
tolook
f
orwagel abour ,whi leot her sbecamesquat ter s
-Eur opeansi ntroducedt he“ Ki pande”soast ocauseAf ricanst opr ovidelabour
-Taxeswer ei nt roducedt of or cet heAf ricanst owor kf ormoney
-Thel andi ssuebecameasour ceofbi tternessspar kingnat ionali
sm
21.(a)at efivecommongr ievancesoft hepol it
ic alor gani zat i
onsupt o1939i nKenya.
21.a)-Landal ienat ion
-For cedl abour
-Kipandesyem
-Africanswer eagai nt axat ion
-Africanswer enotr epr esent edi nt hel egco
-Raci aldi scrimi nat ion
-Africancul t
ur ewasi nter feredwi th
(b)Expl ainf iver olesoft hepol iticalpar t
iesi nt her uggl efori ndependencei nKenya
between1 945
and1 963.
21.b)-I nf
luencedt heBr itishgover nmentt oincr easeAf ricanr epr esentationint heLegco
-Present edAf r i
cansgr ievancesi nt hei nter nat i
onalf orum
-Suppor tedf reedom f ight ersbygi vingt hem mor alandmat er i
alsuppor t
-Provi dedl eader shi pf ort henat ional iruggl e
-Creat edawar enessont her ight soft heAf ri
cans
-Hel ddi scussi onswi tht hecol oni algover nmentaboutKenya.Pol it
icalfuture.
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-Suppor tedt r adeuni ons
-Foughtf orther el easeofpol i
ticaldet ainees
-Educat edAf ricansont heneedt ouni teagai nEur opeandomi nat i
on
22.(a)Expl ainf i
vewayswhi cht heKenyangover nmenti sus i
ngt ocur bcor rupti
on.
22.a)-I ncr easeofsal ar i
es
-Cr eat ingawar enessonevi l
sofcor r
upt ion
-rictpenal ti
esoncor r upt ion
-Eabl ishi ngKACC
-Set tlinget hicsagai ncor r upt i
on
(b)Expl ai nf ivef unct ionsofhi ghcour tinKenya.
22.b)-Hasunl imitedor igi nalandappel lat ejur i
sdiction
-Hear scasesi nvol vinganyamountofmoneyorcasesofser i
ouscr ime
-Deal swi thel ect ionspet itions
-Exer cisesgener alsuper visi ont ot hesur bodinat ecour ts
-Cor r ectanyi r regul aritiesi ndeci sionbyl owercour ts
-Hasadmi nirativej ur isdi ct ionovermar i
timeornavalaf fairs
-Hear scasesi nvol vingi nher it
ance
-Exer cisesdi vor cej ur isdi cat i
on
-Hasunl imitedt er ritor ialj ur isdiction
-Deal swi thanycasebet weenanyper sonf rom anypar tofKenya
23.(a)atet hr eedut iesoft hePr imeMi nieri nKenya.
23.a)-Super visesal lmi ni ri
esi nt hegover nment
-Answer ablet oquer i
esi npar li
amentr egar dingt hef unct i
onandper formanceof
mini
ries
onceaweeki npar liament arysessi oni sinpr ogr ess
-Shar esexecut ivepower swi t
ht hepr esidente. g.appoi ntsmi niersf r
om hi spart
y
-Consul tsandadvi cest hepr esidentondayt odayact iviti
esoft hegover nment
(b)Expl ai nhowt hebi llofr ight sguar anteest her ightsoft hei ndividual s
23.b)-I tguar anteest her ight soft hei ndi vidual s
-Rightt oownpr oper ty
-Freedom ofassoci ation/assembl y
-Freedom ofexpr essi on
-Freedom ofmovement
-Pr otect i
onagai nsl aver yandf or cedl abour
-Pr otect i
onagai nar bit rar ysear ch,ar r
eanddet ention
24.(a)atef ives ourcesofgover nmentr evenue
24.a)-Busi nessper mi ts
-Roadmai ntenancel evyf und
-Donat ions
-Licences
-Wat erandsewer agef ees
-Localaut hor i
typr oper ty( e. g.houses)
-Rat espai dbypl otowner si ntowns
-Char gesf orser vicese. g.museums
-Feesf ormar ket
-Fines
-Loansf rom cent ralgover nment
(b)Expl ai nf ivef act or st hatunder mi net heper f
or manceofl ocalaut horit
ies
24.b)-lackofaut onomy
-Mi sappr opr iationandmi snagementoff undsbyunscr upul ouscounci lworkers
-Overempl oymentofwor ker swhoar enotef fecti
vel ypai dhencer ikes
-Inadequat ef unds
-Pol iticali nter fer ence
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-Riseofunpl annedr uctur
esleadi
ngt ocorrupti
onofbuil
dings
-Incr
easingpopul ati
onhencer ainont heli
mi t
edresour
ces
-Envir
onment aldegradati
onespecial
lyintowns
-Vandali
sm andgr abbingofproperty
-Growthofsl umsduet opopulati
onincrease
-Dupli
cationofr olesinsomee. g.educati
on,healt
h
-reetfamili
eswhoar easecur i
typroblem
-Brai
ndr ainduet opoorsalari
es
-Traf
fi
ccongei on
-Poverty–t hisishar dtoeradi
cate

1
. I
dentifyt woear lywr i
ttens ourcesont hehior
yoft heKenyanCoa.
1
. -GraecoRomandocument aryrecords.
-Periplusoft heEr yt
hr eanSea.
-ChriianTopogr aphy.
-Ptol
emy’ sGeogr aphy.
-Swahi lichronicles.
-Thewor ksofIbnBat utaandAl mosound.
2. Namet hepi thecinethatwasdi scoveredatFortTenan.
2. Kenyapi thecus/Ramapi thecus.
3. Gi
vet wocommuni ti
est hatbelongtot heCoaalBantu.
3. Mij
kenda,PokomoandTai ta.
4. at
et wor easonst hatenabl edSeyyidSai dtodevelopplantat
ionagr
icul
tur
eatt
heCoa.
4. -Highdemandofcl ovesi ntheMi ddl
eEa.
-Availabil
it
yofsl avelabour .
-Availabil
it
yofl and.
5. Mentiont wonegat iveeffectsoftheOmanir ul
ealongtheKenyanCoa.
5. -TheOmanAr absencour agedslavetrade.
-Deruct i
onoft hecoaalt ownst hatresied.
-Poli
ticalinabil
ityamongt hecoaalcommuni t
ies.
-Coll
apseoft hecoaalt rade.
6. at
eonewaybywhi chaper s
oncanbecomeaKenyanci t
izen.
6. -Birt
h -Natural
izat
ion
-Descent -Regirat
ion
7. Gi vetwor easonswhynat i
onaluni t
yisi mpor t
anti nKenya.
7. -Nat ionaluni typr omot esdevel opment( soci al,economic,polit
ical
).
-I tencour agesKenyanst oli
vei npeaceandhar mony.
-Di scour agest ri
bal i
sm.
-Hel psKenyanst osol vet heirproblems.
-Thedi sadvant aged/ under pr
ivi
legedar et akencar eoffe.g.poor.
8. Ident i
fytwopeac efulmet hodsofconf l
ictr es oluti
on.
8. -Useofr eli
giousl eader s..
-Tr aditi
onalel der sar econsul tedt oset t
ledi sput es.
-Medi ati
on.
-Legi slation.
9. atet hemai nconi tutionalamendmentwhi cht ookpl acei
nKenyai n1992.
9. -Re- introductionofmul t
i-par
tyi nKenya.
1
0. Ident i
fytwomet hodst hroughwhi chrepr es entati
vedemocr acyispracticedinKenya.
1
0. -El ecti
onofl eader s
-Member sofpar li
amentr epresentedt heirconi t
uentsinparli
ament.
1
1. Gi vetwor easonswhi chl edtot hecollaps eoft heImperialBri
ti
shEaAf ricaCompany
(IBEACO)by1 894.

F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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1
1. -Thecompany’ sper sonnell ackedexper iencei nadminirati
on.
-Lackofenoughf undst or untheact ivities.
-Exhauionofmi ner aldeposi tsi.
e.gol d.
1
2. Mentiont wor easonswhycol onialchiefswer eunpopular.
1
2. -Colonialchiefswer ehar shandcr uelwhi lecoll
ecti
ngt axes.
-Theyusedf orcet or ecr uitAfri
cansi ntof orcedland.
-Someoft hechi efsact edasspi esfort hecol oni
ali
s.
-Theyassi edt hewhi test oacqui replent yofAf ri
canland.
1
3. I
dentif
yt hemai nl eaderwhol edAgi riyamar esi
ance.
1
3. -MEKATI LILIWAMENZA.
1
4. atethemai nreasonf ort heSecondLancaerHous eConferenceof1962.
1
4. -Todr awupt hedr af
ti ndependenceconi t
utionthatwouldassiKenyaachi
evei
ts
i
ndependence.
1
5. I
dent
if
yt henewspaperthatwaspubl
ishedbyt
heEAAf
ri
canAs
soci
ati
on.
1
5. -EaAfr
icanChroni
cles.
16. Gi veoneoft hec oni t
ut ionalpower soft hepr es identi nKenya.
16. Gi vesassentt obi ll
spassedi npar l
iamentbef oret heybecomel aw.
17. ( a)at ef iverr olespl ayedbyt hecounci lofel der samongt heKenyancommuni t
ies
dur i
ngthe
pr e-col onialper iod.
17.
a) -Counci lofel der sset tledl andandi nher i
tancedi sputes.
-Set tl
edci vi
landcr i
mi nalcases.
-Pr esi dedoversomer el i
gi ousf unctions.
-Bl essedwar r
ior s.
-Or gani zedr aids.
17.(b)Des cr ibet hes oci alor gani zat i
onoft heAmer udur ingt hepr e- colonialtimes .
17.b)-TheAmer uwer esubdi videdi nt oclans.
-F ami liesl ivedt oget heri nvi l
lages.
-Eachhomeeadwassur roundedbyat hornyfence.
-Amer ubel i
evedi nGodt heSupr emeCr eator.
-Theyof feredpr ayer sandsacr if
icest oGodi nt imesofcal ami t
ies.
-Educat ionwasof feredt oyout hbyappr ehensi ont oequi pt hem wi thski l
ls.
-Theypr act i
cedci rcumci sionofbot hboysandgi rl
s.
-Ther ewasdi visi onofl abour .
18. ( a)Gi vet hr eeEur opeancount riest hatsignedt reat i
eswi thSeyyi dSai d.
18.a) -Br itai n -F rance -Ger many
-Uni t
edat esofAmer ica.
(b)Expl ains ixef fect soft heI ndi anOceant r
adeont heCoaalpeopl e.
18.b) -Ledt of oundat ionandgr owt hofci t
yat ese.g.Ki lwa.
-Emer genceofsoci alcl asses–weal t
hymer chant s
-Int ermar riagebet weent hecoaalBant uandAr absl eadingt oSwahi l
ipeopl e.
-Ri seofSwahi l
icul ture( dressi ng,eat i
nghabi ts).
-Int roduct ionofnewcr opsatt heCoa–i .
e.r i
ce,cl ove.
-Incr easedcont act sbet weent heCoaandt hei nterior.
-Ledt oi nt ercityconf l
ictsduet ot rade.
-Encour agedAr abset tlemental ongt heCoal eadi ngt onewadmi ni
rati
ver uct
ures
cont rol l
ed bySul tans.
19. ( a)at ef iver eas onsf ort heNandir es i
anc eagai nt heBr i
ti
shr ule.
19.a)-Nandipr ide. -Hi or yofresi ingi ntr
uder s.
-Nandimi l
itarysuper i
or it
y. -Needt osaf eguar dindependence.
-Physi calappear anceofwhi temen. -Ki mnyol espr ophecy.
-Nandiuni ty
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(b)Expl ai nf iver eas onswhyt heNandir es iedt heBr it
ishforal ongtime.
19.b)-Or koi yotwast hei rsymbolofuni t
yandr engt h.
-Theygothel pandr einfor cementf r om t heKi psigis.
-Thei rmi xedeconomymadet hem t or elyonl i
veockwhencr opswer eburntandon
crops
when l iveockwasconf iscat ed.
- Wetandcol dcl imat ecausedr espi rat orydi seasest oEur opeans.
- Theyhadr egul arsuppl yoff oodandwarequi pment .
- Nandihadsomeowl edgeofweaponmanuf actur e.
- Ther egi ment alassetsyem pr ovidedt heNandiwi thyouthexper i
encedinf ighti
ng.
- Nandit er rainoff or escavesandhi ll
sf avour edguer ri
ll
at acti
cs.
20. ( a)at ef i
vechal lengest hatf acedt heear lypol i
t i
calor ganizationinKenyaupt o1 939.
20.a)-Theywer et ribalbased.
-Lackofenoughf unds.
-Poorl eader ship
-ManyKenyanswer ei gnor antoft hei rr ight s.
-Ill
iter acyamongl ocalpeopl e.
-Har assmentf rom col oni aladmi niration.
(b)Expl ai nt her olepl ayedbywomeni nt her uggl ef orindependence.
20.b)-Womenencour agedt hef reedom f ight er s.
-Tookcar eofhomesandchi ldrenwhi lemenwentt of i
ght.
-Provi dedf oodt ot hef reedom f i
ght er s.
-Tookpar ti nant icol oni aldemonr at ionwi thoutf ear .
-Someact edasspi esf orMauMauMovement s.
-Somepar ticipat edi noat hingcer emoni esassomewer eoat hi
ngadmi ni
rators.
-Theycomposedsongst omobi l
izesuppor tf orMauMau.
21. ( a)Gi vef i
veel ement sofagoodci tizen.
21.a)-Beobedi encet ot hel awsoft hel and.
-Cont ribut eposi t
ivel yt odevel opmentoft hecount ry.
-Par tici pat ei ndemocr at i
cpr ocessoft hecount ry.
-Bei ngl oyalandpat riotict oone’ scount ry.
-Cont ribut ehi svi ewsonvar iousi ssuesaf fect ingt hecount ry.
-Repor tl awbr eaker s.
-Bei ngmi ndf ult oot herpeopl es’wel f
ar e.
-Mai nt ai ninghi ghmor alandet hicalandar ds.
(b)Des cr i
bef ivef actor st hatunder mi nenat ionaluni tyinKenya.
21.b)-Rel igi ousconf l
ict s -Tr ibalism -Par tymember shi
p
-Raci sm -Pol iticali deol ogi es -Greed
-Cor r upt ion -Nepot i
sm -I gnor ance
-Pover ty
22. ( a)Ident i
fyt hreet ypesoft hegener alel ect ionsi nKenya.
22.a)-Ci vi c
-Par liament ar y
-Presi dent ial
(b)Expl ai ns ixr eas onswhyt heKenyangover nmentconduct select
ionsregularly.
22.b)-I t’
sawayofexer cisingdemocr acy.
-Kenyansar egi venachancet ochoosel eader swhoar er eadyt operfor
m.
-Soast heci tizenshaveachancet of irei nef fectivel eadersbynotel ect
ingthem.
-Togi ver oom f orKenyanst opr acticet hei rl eader shi pskil
ls.
-Itpr omot esnat i
onaldevel opmentsi ncel eader sar etasked.
-Asi pul at edi nt heconi tut i
on.
-Giveci tizenachancet oexer ciseconi tut ionalr ights.
-Injectnewbl oodi nt hegover nmentandpar li
ament .
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23. ( a)Whatar et heuni tsoft heKenyaPol i
ce?
23.a)-Ther egul arpol ice.
-Pol i
ceai rwi ng.
-Cr i
mi nalI nvei gationDepar tment .
-Pol i
ceReser ve.
-Gener alSer vi ceUni t
.
-Admi nirativePol i
ce.
-TheF lyingSquad.
-Ant iockThef tUni t
.
-Tr affi
cpol ice.
(b)Expl ainf iver efor mst hathavebeeni ntr oducedt oi mpr ovet hewor koft hepoli
ce
f
or cei n
Kenya.
23.b)-Di f
ferentcommi ssionshavebeensett ol ooki ntopol i
cer emuner ationsandmoof
them have
beeni mpl ement ed.
- Pol iceof ficer shavebeent r
ai nedi nnewt echniquesofhandl i
ngcr ime.
- Themi nimum qual ifi
cat i
oni nacademi cshasi ncreasedf ort hosej oiningthepoli
ce
force.
- Accommodat ionofpol i
ceofficer shasbeeni mpr ovedbyconr uct i
onofnewhouses.
- Communi ty pol i
cing has been i ntroduced t or educe and even i nvolve t
he
communi ty.
- Newpol icevehi cleshavebeenboughtt oeaset ranspor tofpol iceof ficers.
- Pol iceof ficer sar ei ssuedwi thuni f
orms.
- Toi ncreasepubl icconf idencei nthem someoft heirpol icecommi ssi
onershave
beenf or cedt or eti
re.
1.Nameonegener alchar acteriicsorf eat ureofagover nment
1,(i)Gover nmentevol veswi tht ime.Smal lsoci etieswi thf ewdemandshadsi mpl e
gover nment s
(ii)Ther ear elaws,r egul ations,setofr ulesandt raditi
onst hatgui det hepeopl e
wher ewehaveagover nment
(iii
)Thegover nmentoper ateorexiwi t hi
naat e,count r
yoragi vengeogr aphi cal
region
2.Nameanyoneoft hef ourf ormsofgover nment
2.( i
)Democr at ic
(ii)Ar iocrat i
c
(ii
i)Monar chi algover nment
(iv)Di ctor i
algover nment
3.Ident ifyanyt woel ectroni cs ourcesofi nformat iononHi oryandGover nment
3.( i
)Mi crofi
lms
(ii)F ilmsandvi deos
(iii
)Tel evisions
(iv)Radi os
(v)comput er s
(iv)Weat hervar iation–wher ebyt hedeser tt emper atureswer eunbear abl yhot
dur i
ngt hedayandext remel ycol ddur ingt heni ght.
(v)Ther ewasscar cityofbasi chumanr equir ement ssuchasf ood,wat erandshel ter
(vi)Manyt rader sl ot heirwayi nt hedeser tandcoul dnott racet heirwayback
home.Theyendedupdyi ng fr om dehydr ationint hedeser t.
(vii)Ther ewast hepr obl em ofsandor ms,whi chbur iedmanypeopl eandt heir
camel swhi leal i
ve.
(viii)F requentat tacksbyt hewi l
dani malsi ncludi ngscor pionsandpoi sonous
snakes
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cesCal
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(ix)t her ewasl ackofcommonl anguagehencecommuni cat ionbar ri
ert hatwast obe
usedt oconductcommer cialt ransact i
ons–especi allydur i
ngt hepi oneeryear s.
4.Namet wos ub- t ribesoft heMi jikenda
4.Dogo,Dur uma,Rabai ,KombeSi bana,Gi riama,ChonyiandKauma
5.Namet woeconomi cpr acticesofear lymandur i
ngt heoneAgeper iod
5.( i
)Ther ewasadvanceddevel opmenti nt hei ndur ymanmadeadvancedt ool swith
skill
sandpr eci sione. g.har poons
(ii)Dur ingt hi sper i
od,mangr ewf oodcr opsandt amedwi ldani mals.I tist hisagricultur
al
pr act ices
thatencour agedmant ol eadasedent aryl i
fe.
(iii
)Ther ewasadvancementi ndomei ccr aftssuchasbasket smaki ng,pot ter yetc
(iv)Emphasi sdur ingt hi sper i
odwasoncomposi ttool swher et oolswer emadeby
fi
xingsever almi crol i
ths( smal lpi ecesofshar ponet ool s)t ogetheri nwoodenor
boneshaf ts.
Exampl esofmi cr olithsi ncludesawbl ades,f i
shinghar poons,si ckles,ar rowheads
spear sandi ves
(v)Ear lymanpr act icedhunt ingandgat her i
ng.Hewasahunt er-gat her erandt hi
s
wasbooedbyt heuseofmi crol ith
6.Namet het wof ami li
est hatr uledMombas aandLamuonbehal fofOmanr ulers
6.( i
)Mazr uifami l
y( ii)Nabahani n
7.Nameonef actort hatpr omot esnat ionaluni tyinKenya
7.Theconi t
utionl anguage,educat i
on,gamesandspor ts,soci alandeconomi c
ulcer ationandf i
r edi ri
but ionofr esour ces
8.I dent if
yoneoft heear lieinhabi tant sofKenyai nt hepr e- hi or i
cper iod
8. -Theoki ek
-TheOngye
-TheOkur o
-TheDor ob
9.I dent if
yt hemai nAf ricancommuni tiest hatpar ti
cipat edi nt hel ongdi ancet radei nKenya
9 (i
)TheAkamba
(i
i)TheAgi r iama
(i
ii
)TheWanga
10.Lidownt wopr obl emsexper i
encedbyt hemi s
s i
onar i esi nKenyadur i
ngt hecol onial
per iod
10. -Languagebar r i
er sformanyAf r i
canswer eillit
er at e
-Lackofadequat et r
anspor tandgoodcommuni cat i
oni ntot hei nter i
or
-Lackofcommuni cat i
onser vicessuchast elephone,t el exorpoalser vices
-Tr opicaldi seasessuchasmal ariaaf fectedt hemi ssi onar iesper sonalheal th
-Mi ssionar i
eswer ef acedwi t hacul t
ur ediff
er entf ormt hei rown.
-Mi ssionar i
eswer el onel yandf el
thomesi ckbecauset heywer ef ew
-Hoi li
tyf or m someAf ricant ribessuchast heGal laaf fect edmi ssionar ywor k.
-Momi ssi onar ieswer enotf avour edbyt het ropi calcl imat e
-Lackofpr opersecur i
t y
-Ther iseofi ndependentchur chedcr eat edi f
fcompet itiont omi ssionar yhome
-Over -r eli
anceonhomegover nmentf ormat erials
-Opposi tionbyl eader sofI sl ami cf ai
thandot herbel iever swhosei ntereswer et o
advance
theirr eligi oni nt her egi on
-Inadequat eper sonnelt ocar ryoutmi ssionar yact ivities
-Rivalryamongdi fferentChr ii
angr oups
-rictChr ii
andoct ri
nes,whi chwer eincompat iblewi tht radi ti
onalbel i
ef sandpr acti
ces
11
.at et wowaysi nwhi chaper soncanbecomeaKenyanci t i
zen
11
. -Thr oughbi r th
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-Byr egi r
at i
on
-Bynat ur alizat i
on
-Bypar liament ary
12.Namet wof act or st hathaveunder minedNat i
onalI nt
egrat i
ons i
ncei ndependence
12. -Raci sm
-Nepot ism
-Cor rupt i
oni npubl i
candpr ivat esect or
-Tr ibal ism
-Rel igi ousconf li
ct s
-Mul tipar t ydemocr acywi t
hi tst ribalaf f
iliations
-Pol iticali deol ogi es
-Gr eed( ix)pover ty
-Cul t uralconf li
ct s
-F ami l
yconf licts
-Et hni cconf li
ct s
13.Ident i
fyonet ypeofdi r ectt axt hr oughwhi cht heKenyangover nmentr aisesitsrevenue
13.Incomet ax,i nvementr evenue,l oani nter e,t our ism fee,t r
afficrevenuet ax
14.Nameoneoft heMauMaul eader s
14. -JomoKenyat a
-F redKubai
-Ochi eng’Oneko
-KunguKar umba
-Paulngei
-Bi ldadKagi a
-F ieldZedanKi mat hi
15.Ident i
fyonet ypeofr epr es ent ativedemocr ac y
15.(i
)Par liament ar ydemocr acy
(
ii)Pr esi dent ialdemocr acy
16.Ident i
fyonewayt hatwoul df acilit
ateaconi tutionalmaki ngpr oces s
16.(i)Useofconi tutionalr eviewcommi ssi onassetupbyt hepr esidentofpar l
iament
(ii)Useofpar l
iamentwher eby65%member sofpar li
amentmuvot ef orachanget ot he
Kenyan
coni t ut i
on
(iii
)Thr oughuseofnat ionalconvent ionswi thr epr esentativesacr osst hecount ryto
discuss
nat ionali ssuesofi mpor tanceofor dert opr eparet heconi t
uti
on
(iv)Thr ought heuseofconi tutionalconf erencesat t
endedbysel ectedpeopl efr
om
var i
ous
inter esi nt he soci ety
17.Lioneel ementofgoodci ti
zens hipi nKenya
(i)Nat i
onal ism (ii)Pat r
iotism
(iii
)Mor ality (iv)Thr if
t
(v)Mor al i
ty (vi)Et hics
18.( a)Gi vef iver eas onsf ort hemi grationoft heBant u
18.( a)( i
)i ncr easenpopul ationf ollowi ngt hei ncr easedoff oodpr oduction
(ii)fami lyandcl anf endsorconf li
ct sfor cedpeopl et omi grat e
(iii
)TheBant uswer ei nitiall
ypaor alisandt her ef oreneededbet terpaur efort heirl
iveock
(iv)TheBant uswer et heear l
ieuser sofi r
oni nAf ricanhencewi t
hi r
onweaponsandi ron
tools,t heywer eabl et ofightot herpeopl esuccessf ull
yandcl earnewl andsf oragricultur
al
set t
lement
(v)Nat uralcal ami tiessuchasdi seases,f ami nesanddr ought sr esultedint heneedt o
mi grat et oot herpl aces
(vi)Pr essur ef rom nei ghbour ingi nvader sf or cedgr oupst omi gr ate
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(vii)Theneedf oradvent urei nnewl andwasadr i
vingf orce
(viii
)Ext er nalat tacksandpr essur es
(b)Expl aint heef fec tsofBant umi grat i
onands et tl
ementi nWeer nKenya
18.(b)( i)Thi sl edt oi ncr easedpopul ati
oni nWeer nKenya
(ii
)Theydi spl acedt heor i
gi nali nhabi tantsofbushmanoi dwhower eoccupyi ngpar tof
Kenya
(ii
i)t heBant ui nt roducedt hear tofi ronwor kingi nKenya.Or iginallytheBant uswer eiron
wor ker s
(
iv)Theyassi mi lat edsomeor i
gi nalset tl
ersi nKenyai ntotheircul tureandal so
assi mi l
atedt henew
comer st ot heBant u.
(v)Theyi nter mar riedwi t
hot hercommuni ti
ese. gt heLuo
(vi)TheBant uar tedcent r alizedpol i
ticalinitutionsl ikechiefdomsandki ngdomsi nWeer n
Kenyae. g.t heWangaKi ngdom
(vii)Duet ot hei rmi gr ationt ot heWeer nKenyat her ewasi ncreasedcul ti
vationofcl ear i
ngof
fores
i
nor dert opr oducemor ef oodt ot hei rincreasi ngpopul ati
on
(viii
)Ast heymi gr at edi nt oKenyaawar f
ar ebr okeoutwi thmor eset tler’scomi ngi ntot he
regi ont o
othercommuni tiesal readyset tl
ingi nt hear eaandamongt heBant ut hemsel ves.
(ix)Ast heymovedt oWeer nKenyaandset tl
ed,t her ewasi ncreasedeconomi cact i
vit
iesin
thear ea
resul t
ingi ntot r adebet weent heBant usandot hernei ghbour ingcommuni ties.
(x)Ledt ot hedevel opmentofl anguagewher ebyt hedevel opmentofl anguagewher ey
ther ewas
bor rowi ngandl oani ngofwor dsbet weent heBant uandnon- Bant us.
19.( a)Whydi dt hePor tugues ebui ldF ortJes us
19.( a)-Tobeusedasabasef orsendi ngexpedi ti
ons
-Act edasahi dingpl ace
-Bui lttoor ear mament
-Usedasapr isonf orcapt ures
-Usedasapr isonf orcapt i
ves
-Usedaswat cht owert odet ectenemi esf or mf ar
(b)Expl aint hecons equencesoft hePor tugues er ulealongt heEaAf ri
canCoa
19.(b)-Decl ineoft ownse. g.Gedi
-Tr adedecl inedast hePor t
uguesewer ecor rupt
-Intr oducedsomecr opse. g.mai ze,gr oundnut s,sweetpot atoes,pi neappl eetc
-50t o60Por tuguesewor dswer eaddedt oKi swahili
-bui ltforJesusandVascodaGamaPi ll
ar
-Madeanat temptt ospr eadChr i
ianity
-Por tuguesef oer edr elat ionsbet weent hecoandGoa
-Intr oduct i
onofgunsandammuni tionsbyt hePor tuguesei ncr easedwar fareamong
the
peopl e
-Thei rhar shandcr uelr ulel edt ount oldsuf fer ingandmi ser yamongt hepeopl e.Thi s
ledt o
poor err el at ionsbet weent hem andt hel ocal s
-Thei rannexat ionoft heCoopenedEaAf r i
cat oEur opeancol onizati
onIt he19th
cent ur y.

20.(
a)at
efivereasonswhyr ur
al-
urbanmi grat
ionwasintens
ifi
edinKenyaduri
ngthe
col
onialperi
od
20.(
a)(i
)Theywer eatt
ract
edbyr ecreat
ionalfaci
li
ti
esandsocialameni
ti
esthatwer
enot
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cah@gmai
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t
her
ein
ruralareas e.g.goodhospital
s,ci
nema,t
heatree.
t.
c.
(i
i)Theywer eattractedyinf
raructur
eli
kegoodroads,pi
pedwaterandel
ectri
cit
y.
(
ii
i)Landalienat
ionpushedAf ri
canstoreser
veswhichweecongeedwithpoorsoil
sand
t
his
f
orcedt hem toseekal t
ernati
vemeansofl i
veli
hoodandset tl
ementintowns.
(iv)Africansmovedf ormr uralar
eastot ownstoescapef or
cedlabour
(v)Tr aders/ent
repreneursmovedt oownst oselltheirgoods
(b)at eandexpl ainproblemsf aci
ngNairobiasanur bancentre
20.(b)( i)Over popul
ati
on–manypeopl ef
lockedtocit
iesleadingtopopulat
ionexpl
osi
oni
n
thecit
y

(ii
)Unempl oyment–Duet orisingnumberofunempl oyed sincet
heeconomyi snot
growing
fa.
(
iii
)Traffi
ccongei on-r oadsinNai robibecameover crowded
(
iv)Inadequat ehousi ng–Resi dent i
alar
easbecameover crowdedleadi
ngt o
devel
opmentof
sl
ums.
(
v)Poort ownpl anningl edtofloodingwhenheavyr ainsoccur
(
vi)poorsani t
ation–manyeat esl acksanitat
ion
(
vii)Poll
ution–Envi ronmentalpolluti
onsduet ogar bageandi ndur
ialwaesaswel las
fumesf omrvehi cles
(
viii
)Crime- rates–j oblesspeopl eengagesi nil
legalactivi
ti
essuchasdr ugpeddli
ng
(
ix)reetfami li
esandchi ldr
enleadi ngtoincreasedcrimesandsoci alevi
ls
(
x)HI V/AIDSi nfectionr ateishigh
21.(
a)atef i
ver eas onswhyKenyanconi tuti
onisregar dedasademocr at
icconitut
ion

(b)Des cribet heconi tutionalmak i

ngpr oces si nKenya
21.(b)-Thegener alpubl i
cispr ovidedwi thciviceducat i
ont oenabl et hem par ti
cipateinthe
coni t
utionmaki ngpr ocess.Peopl ear et henr equeedt ogivet hei
rvi ewsonvar ious
aspects
oft heconi tution.Acommi ssi onist ovi sitalltheconi tuenciesinKenyat ol i
enand
record
thevi ewsoft hepubl i
c.
-Secondl y,t her ecommendat ionar epr inted,publ ishedandci rcul
atedt ot hepubl i
c.
The
commi ssi ononceor evi si
tst hepubl i
cgi vetheirviews
-Anat i
onalconi tutionalconf er encei sor ganizedandat t
endedbydel egatesf rom each
diri
ct
inKenya
-Somet i
mest henat i
onalconi t uti
onalconf erencemember sar eunabl etor each
consensus
concer ningr ecommendat ion
-Thenadr aftconi tutioni sforwar dedt ot henat ionalassembl yt otheAt torneyGener al
aft
er
receivingi tfrom t hecommi ssi on
-Finallytheconi tutioni spubl ishedi nKenyagazet teafterthis,implement at i
onbegi ns.
t
h
22.(a)Whatt hreef actor s cont ri
but edt ot hes pr eadofchr i
ianityinthe1 9 cent ur y
22.(a)(i)SomeAf ri
canr ulerswer ever yfriendlyandcooper ati
vet omi ssi
onar ies
(i
i)Themi ssionar iesl earnedandusedt hel ocallanguagewhi chenabl edeasyspr ead
of
Chrii
ani ty
F
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eEr
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(iii
)Ther ewast heavai l
abilityofr ail
wayt ranspor ti ntot hei nter iorofKenya
(iv)Themi ssi onar ieswer egi venpr otectionandsecur i
tybyt heBr itishcol oni al
government
agai nat tacksf rom hoi l
ecommuni ti
es
(b)Expl ainwhychr iianmi ssionarieseabl i
s hedat ionsi nKenyadur ingt hecol oni al
per i
od
22.(b)( i)Mi ssionat ionswer eeabl i
shedbyChr ii
anMi ssionar i
est oser veascent resf or
conver tingAf ricans
(ii)Toser veascent rewher eAf ricanswoul det aughtbasi cliter acyt oenabl et hem to
readt he
Bi ble.
(iii
)Tot eachAf ri
cansnewmet hodsofcar pent ry,masonr yandf ar ming.
(iv)Wer eeabl i
shedt obeusedascent resf orspr eadi ngWeer nEur opeancul tur e
(v)Theyser vedasheal thycent reswher ebasi cheal thcar ewaspr ovi dedtoAf ri
cans
(vi)Wer eeabl i
shedsoast ot r
ai nAf r
icancat echi swhowoul di nt ur nf acil
it
at et he
spreadof
Chr iianity
(vii)Theyal soser vedascent r
esf orthepar ticipat ionofAf ri
canandcent rest o
promot e
Eur opeancol oni ali
sm
(viii)Theyser vedasbasewher eEur opeanmi ssi onar iescoul doper at ef r
om
23.(a)I dent ifyanyt hreei mpor tanceofnat i
onali ntegr ationi nKenya
23.(a)( i)itenhancespol iticalabi lit
yi nKenya.Thusaper sonorgr oupsofpeopl ear eabl eto
pursue
pol iticalpowerwi thoutcausi ngt hedi sintegr ationoft henat i
on.
(ii)Itgi vespeaceandpr ogr esst hebechanceofsuccessbypr ovi dinganenabl i
ng
envi ronmentf orsoci alandeconomi cdevel opment
(iii
)Nat i
onali ntegr at ionpr omot est ol
er anceandmi nimizesi nter -communal
suspensi ongi ving
peopl easenseofsecur ityast heygett ooweachot herbet terandunder andeach
others’
cuoms.
(iv)i tcr eatesagr eatawar enessoft her ight st ot hemar gi
nal i
zedi nt hesoci et ysuch
asmi nor it
y
et hnicandr acialgr oups,peopl ewi t
hphysi calandment aldisabi litieswomenand
chil
dren
(v)I tcr eatesanenvi ronmenti nwhi chgendersensi tivi
tymayhaveachancet o
developas
peopl euni tedl yappr eciatet heiri nt
er-dependence.
(vi)I tencour agescol l
ect i
veact i
oni nt imesofneed.Ever yyear ,f orexampl e,Kenyans
par ticipat ei nt hef r eedom ofhungerwal kt or aisef orf ami ner elief .
(viii)Nat i
onali ntegr ationpr omot enat ional i
sm,pat r i
ot i
sm,l oyal tyandgener algood
citi
zenshi p
(b)Expl aint heepst akenbyKenyangover nmentt opr omot enat ionali nt egrations i
nce
independence
23.(b)Themaki ngofKi swahi l
ianat i
onall anguagei n1 97hasenhancedt hecommuni cati
on
among
peopl eandsenseofNat ionalpr ide bel ongi ng.
(ii)Thecr eat ionofpr esidency.Thi sispol i
ticalof ficei nKeya butmoi mpor tant nlyisa
focal
cent reandar al lyingpoi ntforuni tyoft heNat ionandi t
’st heapexofuni ty
(iii
)Thebanni ngoft hi sbasedor ganizat i
onsuchasGEMAandNEW AKAMBAUNI ON
enhancedNat ionalUni ty.
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(iv)Educat i
on–Thenat i
onalgoal sofKenyaneducat ionr essnat i
onaluni t y.Educat ion
makesef f
or tstodevel opal lKenyanr egar dl essoft het ribe
(v)TheKenyanconi t utionwhi chi sadocumentt hatbi ndsal lKenyansandt owhi chall
attach
theirl oyal t
y.I nt heconi tut ion,t hei rfr eedom ofmovementandexpr essi onI
guar anteed,
andt hesegi ver oomsf ort hecr eat ionofNat ionaluni ty
(vi)Equi tabl edi ribut ionofNat ionalr esour ces.I nKenya,Equi t
abler esour cesdi ribution,
especi allyi nsoci alser vicesandr esour ceal l
ocat ionl eadsi nsoci alser vicesand
resour ce
allocat i
onl eadst ouni ty.Equi tableappoi nt
ment sandt hef airpr ovisionof
educat ionalheal th
andot herr esour cest oal lci ti
zensr egar dlessofr egi onal ,regionsandpol i
tical
dif
fer encesi s
anassur ancet owar dsuni t y.
(vii)Thegover nmentencour agesnat ionalcul tur eact iviti
esandf ei valsandspor ts
promot e
nat ionali nt egr ationf ornor egi oni sl eftout .
(viii)Thegover nmentencour agednat ionalcul turalact i
vitiesandf eivalsandspor ts
promot e
nat ionali nt egr ationf ornor egi oni sl eftout
(viii)Thegover nmentf or mul atednat i
onalphi losophi essuchashar ambeeand
Nyayoi sm whi ch
act edasuni fyingf act or
(ix)Gover nmenteducat i
onpol icyemphasi zemul ti-et hinicandmul ti
- r
acialeducat ion.
(x)Symbol sofnat ionaluni tysuchast hecour tofar ms,nat ionalant hem andnat ional
fl
ag
haveal lhel pedi nt hepr omot i
onofnat ionali ntegr ation
(xi)I mpr ovedcommuni cat i
oni nf raruct urehaspr omot edi nteractionbet ween
communi ties
andt hishasassi edt obr i
ngpeopl et oget her .
(xii)Theadopt ionofuni t
ar yconi tutionsi nce1 964wi thr ongcent ralgover nmenthas
helped
inenhanci ngnat ionaluni ty.Theconi tut i
onpr ot ect sKenyansagai ndi scr i
mi nat i
on
and
guar ant eest hem equal ly.
24.( a)Lit hr eecaus esoft heNandir es iancet ot heBr it
ishr ul einKenyadur ingt he1 9th
cent ury
24.( a)( i)TheNandir egar dl esst hemsel ves assuper i
ort ot heot herpeopl et heyhadcome
intocont act
Wi th
(ii)Ki mnyol e,anOr koi yotoft heNandihadpr ophesi zedt hattheNandiwoul dbe
subdueand
ruledbyf or eigner s
(ii
i)Thepal ecol ouroft heEur opean’ sski nsandt hecl othest hatt heywor eledt heNandit o
believe
thatt heywer edevi lst hathadcomet oi nhabi tt hei rter r i
tory.
(i
v)TheNandiwer enotonl ysoci allyandpol itical l
ydomi nanti nt her egion,butwer e
economi cal ly
domi nant .
(v)TheBr itishwer evi ewedascompet i
torswhowoul dt akeawayt heirlandandpr oper tyin
addit i
ont o
raidingt hecommuni tiest heNandihadt hr ivedon.
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(vi)InKoi talelAr apSamoei ,anOr koi yot ,theNandihadani nspi ri
ngandher oicleader .
(vii)Theywer eopposedt ohutt ax
(viii
)Theywer eal soagai nl andal i
enat ionandbui ldingoft heKenya- Ugandar ail
wayacr oss
theirter r i
tor y.
(ix)Theyweeopposedt of orcedl aborconscr iptionbyt hecol oni ali
s
(x)TheNandiwer eal sodet er mi nedt omai ntaint heiri ndependence
(
b)Expl ains ixef fect soft heNandir esiance
24.( b)( i)Lossofi ndependencet ot heBr i
tish
( ii
)Annexat ionofNandil and;Nandit err i
tor ywasdul yi ncor por atedasoneoft he
pr ovi
ncesof
theBr i
tishEaAf ri
caPr otect orate
(iii
)Lossofl ives
(iv)Der uct i
on
( v)F ami nei .eduet oder uct ionofcr opsandki l
lingofl iveock
(vi)Al ienat ionofNandil and
( vii)Di spl acementoft heNandi
1. at et wof act orst hatencour agedt heAgi k uyut os ett l
ei nt heMt .Kenyar egion.
1. -F ertilel andf orf ar ming
-Encount eredl esshoi l
ityf rom t hei rnei ghbour s/ relativecal m andpeace
-Cl i
mat ewasconduci ve/ l
essf requenceofepi demi cs
2. Gi vet wor eas onswhyt heage- sets yem wasapopul arf eatur eamongpr e-colonial
Kenyancommuni ti
es
2. -I twasapoolf rom whi chcommuni tyl eader swer edr awn
-TheMi litarysyem washi ngedont heage- setsyem
-I tact edasabasi sforor gani zi ngcommunalt asks
3. I dent i
fyt woear liewr it
t ens our cesoft hehi or yoft heEaAf ricanCoa
3 (i)Theper iplusoft heEr yt hreanseas/ sai l
ingar oundt heI ndianOcean
(ii)Pt ol emy’ sGeogr aphy
4. I nwhatt wowaysdi dt hedevel opmentofs lavet radeaf fectfar mi ngactivit
iesat
theKenyancoa?
4. ( i)Encour agedt heeabl ishmentofpl ant ationsl aver yatt heCoa
(ii)Abl e- bodi edpeopl ewer esol di nAr abi at husdepr ivingcommuni t
iesoft hehuman
resour ces
f
ormeani ngf ulagr i
cul t
ur alpr actice
5. Gi vet wor eas onswhyt her ewer econantmi sunder andi ngbet weenr uli
ng f amili
es
(dynaies )
att heEaAf ricancoa.
5. ( i)Camef rom di ff
er entf ami l
iesbacki nAr abi ae. g.OmanandPer si
a
(ii)Eachwant edt ohaveamonopol y/cont r
olovert heCoaalweal th
(iii)Ri val ryovert heCoaalt rade
6. I dent i
fyt hemai nwayi nwhi chI slam s pr eadi nt hei nt eriorofKenya.
6. ( i)Thr ought hei nfluenceofAr abandSwahi litrader swhower eMusl im
7. at et wopeacef ulmet hodst heBr iti
shus edt oeabl i
s hcol onialr ul einKenya.
7. ( i)Tr eat ymaki ng
(ii)Landpur chases
(iii)Leasi ngl and
8. Out l
inet wof eat ur esofAf ri
canf armi ngdur i
ngt hecol oni alper iod.
8. -Mai nlysubsi encef armi ng
-Notal lowedt ogr owcashcr op
-Di df ar mi ngi npoorandi nfer til
ear easi nt her eser ves
-Tr adi ti
onalt echni queswer eusedi npr oduct ion
9. Gi vet wor eas onswhyLocalNat iveCounci lswer efor med.
9.( i
)Tobeusedasapl atformt odevel opasenseofdut yandr esponsi bi
li
tybyAf r
ican
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l
eaderstowards
theate
(i
i)Aforum f
orsel fexpressi onamongAf ri
cans
(i
ii
)Asawayoft hegover nmentt r
yingt ounderandAf ri
cansandl earnhowt ocont ai
n
t
hem
1
0. Whatwast hemaj orgrievanceoft heear lyAfri
canpol i
ticalas
s ociat
ions ?
1
0. ( i
)Lossofland
1
1. Whi chtwocondi tionsfavour edat hrivi
ngt r
adeuni onmovementbef orei ndependence?
1
1.(
i)ThebanningofAf ricanpol iti
calparti
es-uni
onsact edasf orumsf orpol it
icalexpressi
on
(i
i)Poorcondit
ionsandt er msofwor kbyAf r
icansinEur opeanent erprises
(
ii
i)Theriseofanel i
tegr oupofAf ri
canwhochampi onedt herightsofAf r
icanse.g.Tom
Mboya
1
2. Gi vetwocontribut i
onsoft heindependents choolsinKenyadur ingthecol oni
alperi
od.

1
2. (i)Createdmor eeducat i
onaloppor tuniti
esf orAfricans
(ii)Providedj oboppor t
unitiest oAf r
icans
(iii
)Preser vedAf ricancultur alherit
age
(iv)Nur t
uredNat ionali
sact iviti
es
1
3. I dentif
yt wol imitationstot hef reedom ofwor ship.
1
3( i
)Onei snotal lowedt opr eachwi ththei ntentionofi nit
iat
ingpeopletocausei
nabi
li
tyin
t
he
Count ry
(
ii
)Onei snotal l
owedt opr eachi nawaywhi chi sli
kelyt odisuni
tet
hepeopleofKenya
(
ii
i)Onei snotal lowedt ouser eligi
ont ounder minet hegover nment
1
4. Gi veonemai nr eas onwhyNat ionalholidaysar eimpor t
antinKenya.
1
4.(i
)Theyenhanceasenseoft oget hernesst huspr omot ingNat i
onaluni
tyand
i
ndependence.

(
ii
)Theysi gnif
yoursover eigntyandi ndependence
15. ( a)at et hr
ee waysi nwhi cht heAkambai nter
act edwi thAgikuyuint hepr e-colonial
peri
od.
15. ( i)Thr ought rade
(ii)Thr oughint ermar r
iage
(iii
)Thr ough war sandconf l
ictsoverowner shi
pofl andandani mals
(b)Ac countfort hepar ticipationoft heAkambai nt hel ongdiancetrade.
15.b)( i)MuchofEaer nUkambanii shi l
lyandsoilsarer ockyandsandyt husnotsui tablef or
Agr i
cul
ture
(ii)Thegeogr aphi cal
/positionofUkambanibet weent heCoaandt hef erti
lehi ghlands
of
Cent ralKenya
(iii
)Theexi enceofpr omi nentpeopl esuchasKivoiwhocommandedal argef oll
owi ng
of
menwhol ookedt ohi mf orleadership
(iv)Unf avourabl eclimaticcondi ti
onsofAkambal and/Ukambanir eceiveslittl
er ainfall
making
theAkambat olookf oral ternati
vemeansofacqui r
ingfood
(v)TheAkambawer eski l
ledhunt er
s,ironworker sandpr oducersofar rowpoi son.
These
providedt hem wi t
hval uabl etradeitemswhi cht heyexchangedi nr egional
commer ce.
(vi)Demandf orsomecommodi ti
esoftradebothi nt heinteri
orandatt he
Coa/exienceof
trade rout es
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16. ( a)Whatbenef it
sdi dt heBr iti
s hder ivef rom I BEAcompany?
16.a)( i)Hel pedt heBr itishi nt headmi ni rationofhert er ri
tor i
esi nEaAf rica
(ii)Expl oitedcommer cialresour cesandt hishel pedt or aisei ncome
(iii
)Concl udedt reat iesonbehal foft heBr itishgover nment
(iv)Empl oyedsol dier swhosaf e- guar dedBr iti
shi nter esi nBr iti
shEaAf rica.
(v)Hel pedt obui ldi nfraruct ureuponwhi cht heBr i
tishl aterusedasaspr i
ngboar dfor
ef fective col oni ali
zat i
onofEaAf rica
(vi)Col l
ect edt axesonbehal foft heBr iti
sh
(b)Expl ainwhyKenyancommuni ti
eswer edef eatedbyt heBr it
ishdur i
ngt he
eabli
shmentof
col onialr ul e.
16.b)( i)Thecommuni tieswer enotuni tedhence wer eeasi lydef eated
(ii)Thecommuni tieshadi nfer i
orweaponsascompar edt ot hesuper iorBr i
tish
weapons
(iii
)Thesol di ershadl i
ttl
eowl edgeaboutt heBr i
tishMi lit
ar yt act i
cs.
(iv)Thei rpopul at ionhadbeenweakened/ reducedbycat arophessuchasf ami neand
poverty
/
rinder pe/ civilr ifes.
(v)Thei rl eader sl ackedadequat eor gani zat ionalski ll
sofmobi l
izingt hepeopl e
(vi)TheBr i
tishusedt reacher ywhendeal ingwi thsomecommuni ties
(vii)Theeconomi cbaseoft hecommuni ti
eswasder oyedbyt heBr i
tisht husmaki ng
them
weak
( vii
i)Thesol dierswer edemor alizedwhenmanywar ri
or swer ecapt ured/ killede. g.
Aembuand
Amer ui n1 906
(xi)Kenya- Ugandar ailwayl inef aci l
itat edf aermovementofBr iti
sht roops(
17. ( a)Out linet hemet hodswhi cht hePor tugues eus edt oconquerandcont rolt he Ea
Afri
canCoa.
17.a)(i
)Thr oughor gani zedmi l
itaryexpedi tions
(ii)For cingt hevar i
ousat est opayt ribut et ot heki ngofPor tugal /heavyt axat ion
(iii
)Usi ngl ocalsuppor te. g.Mal indihel pedt hem i nt hei rquef orpoweratt heCoaby
fight in al ongsi det hem
(iv)Por tuguesemadeal l
ianceswi tht hel ocalr uler se. g.PembaandZanzi bar
(v)Pr ocur ementofr ei nforcementf rom t hei rheadquar tersatGoai nIndi awhenever
theyfaced
shor t
ages
(vi)Cl osel ysuper vi singr uli
ngf ami l
iesi nt heci t
y-at es
(b)Expl ainf ivepos itiver esultsofPor tugues econqueoft heEaAf r i
canCoa.
17.
b) ( i
)Int roduct i
onofnewcr opse. g.pi neappl es,pawpaws,mai ze,cassava,avocado
e.t.
c.
(ii)Enr ichmentoft heSwahi lilanguagewi thnewwor dsbor rowedf rom thePor t
uguese
e.g.
mvi nyo,meza
(iii
)Encour agementofcl osert radi ngl inkswi t
hI ndiaespeci allyGoa
(iv)Intr oduct i
onoft hepr act i
ceofusi ngani malwaesasmanur e
(v)I ntroducedKenyai ntoWeer nt rade
(vi)Theybui ltfor tJesuswhi chhasbecomeahi oricsi teandat our iattract i
on
(vii)Af ewpeopl ewer econver t edt oChr iiani t
y
18. ( a)Des cribef ivecommonchar act eriicsoft hepol iti
calpar t
ieswhi chwer ef ormed i n
Kenya
after1 945.
18.a)( i)Thepol i
ticalpar tieshadanat ionalout lookasmember swer edr awnf rom di f
ferent
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c
Groups
(ii)Thei rmai nobj ect ivewast of ightf orindependence/ selfrul e
(iii
)Theywer el edbyt heeducat edel it
e
(iv)Theydemandedf orf airt axat ionf orAf ri
cans
(v)Demandedi mpr ovedcondi ti
onsf orAf ri
canwor ker s/wel f
ar e
(vi)Demandedt her et urnofal ienat edl and
( b)Expl ainf iver ol
esoft hepol i
ticalpar ti
esi nt her uggl ef ori ndependencei nKenya
between
1945and1 963.
18.b) ( i)Thepol iti
calpar tiesuni tedf reedom f ight er s/nat ional isint heirr uggl eagai n
coloni
al
rule
(ii)Theypr epar ednat ional iswhower et ot akeovert hel eader shipati ndependence
(iii
)Thepar ti
esmobi li
zedmasssuppor tforAf ricannat ional i
si nt hei rr uggle
(iv)Theygavemor alandmat erialsuppor tt ot heMauMauf reedom f ight ersofthe
Afri
cans
(v)Theypr esent edt hegr ievancesoft heAf ricansi ni nter nationalf or aandcr eated
awareness
ont heneedsoft heAf ri
cans
(vi)Theypr essur izedf orconi tutionalchangesf rom t heBr iti
shcol oni alof f
icesto
enhance
attainmentofi ndependence
(vii)Theycr eat edawar enessamongt heAf ricansont hei rright sandt heneedt ofight
for
i
ndependence
(viii)Theypar ti
cipat edi ndevel opi ngt hei ndependenceconi tut i
on/ Lancaerhouse
conf erence
(ix)Theypr essur izedf ort her eleaseoft hedet ai nednat ional i
s
19. ( a)Whatar et hel egalpr ovi si
onst hatpr ot ectt her ight sofchi ldren?
19.a)( i)Al lchi l
dr enhavear ightt ol i
fe
(ii)Ever ychi ldi spr ot ect edf rom di scr iminat ionbasedonsex,di sabi li
tyandr eli
gion
(iii
)Al lchi l
dr enhavet heei ghtt opar entalcar e/ ri
ghtt oadopt ion
(iv)Al lchi l
dr enhavet her ightt oeducat ion
(v)Chi l
dr enhavet her ightt oheal thcar e
(vi)Chi ldrenmubepr otect edf rom economi cexpl oitat ionandanyhar mf ulwork
(vii)Chi ldrenhavet her ightt or eligi ouseducat ion
(viii)Chi l
dr enmubepr ot ectedf rom r ecruitmenti ntowar
(ix)Al lchi l
dr enhavear ightt oanameandnat ionali dent i
ty
(x)I tist her ightofchi ldr enwi thdi sabi l
it
iest obet reat edwi thr espect
(xi)Chi ldrenhavear ightt opl ay
(xii)Chi ldrenmubepr ot ect edf rom sexualabuse
(xiii)Chi l
dr enhavet her i
ghtt obepr otect edf rom nar cot icdr ugsandpsychot ropic
subances
(b)Des cr i
bet hemet hodsus edi ns olvingconf lictsi nKenya.
19.b)(i)Compr omi sewhi chi sbasedonbar gai ningandt heopposi ngpar tiest akeami ddle
positi
oni n
aconf l
ict
(ii)Subj ugat ionwhi chpr oducesacl earcutwi nnerandal oser
(iii
)Ar bitrat i
on pr ocesswher eopposi ngpar tiesi nvol veat hirdpar ty
(iv)Col labor at ionwher et her ei swi l
lingnessbybot hpar t
iesi nt heconf l
icttowor k
withthe
othert o r esolvedi ff
er ences
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(v)I sol ationi nvol vesavoi di ngr esponsi bilityandr ef
usi ngt oacceptdef eat
(vi)Pr obl em sol vingwhi chat tempt st odet ermi net her ootcauseofaconf li
ctandt hen
resolve
the basi ci ssues
(vii)Medi at ionwhi chi susedt or esol veconf lictswhi chi nvol vepar ti
est hatar ehoi l
eto
each
ot her
(viii
)Accommodat ionwher et hepar t i
esl aymor eemphasi sonar easofagr eementand
avoid
highl ight i
ngnegat ivitydur ingdi scussi on
20. ( a)Des cribet hef unct i
onsoft hepol icef orcei nKenya.
20.a)( i)Mai nt aini ngl awandor der
(ii)Invei gat ingcr i
mes
(iii
)Enhanci ngat esecur it
y
(iv)Di spl aydur ingof ficialf unct i
ons/ ent er tainment
(v)Pr ovi di ngsecur ityt ot r avel l
er s
(vi)Det ect ingandpr event ingcr ime
(vii)Ar reingsuspect edcr imi nalsi nl awcour ts
(viii
)Pr osecut ingsuspect edcr i
mi nalsi nl awcour ts
(ix)Col l
ect ingandanal yzi ngi nt elligencei nformat i
onanddocument stof ightcrime
(x)Cont rollingt hef lowoft raffic
(xi)I nspect ingvehi cles
(xii)Moni tor ingi ncomi ngandout goi ngt raffi
catbor derpoi nt s
(xiii
)Co- oper at ingwi tht heI nter polt odealwi thi nter nat ionalcr ime
(xiv)Assessi ngt rai needr iver sf orl i
censi ng
(b)Whatf act orshi ndert heKenyapol icef rom per for mi ngt heirdut i
esef f
ecti
vely?
20.b)( i)Lackofmot ivat ion/ lowmor ale/ apat hy
(ii)Rel uct ancebyt hepubl ict ovol unt eervi t
ali nformat ion/ i
nadequat epubl i
csuppor t
(iii
)Poorpubl icr el at ionsbet weenpol iceof ficersandt hepeopl e
(iv)I nadequat ef aci li
t i
essuchasvehi cles/ moder nt echnol ogy
(v)Danger ouswor kingcondi t
ion/ insecur ity
(vi)Pol iticali nt er fer ence
(vii)Cor rupt i
on/ br iber y
(viii
)Lackofr egul ari n- ser vicet rai ningt oenabl epol iceof f
icerscopewi themer ging
issues
(ix)Wi despr eadi nci dent sofl awl essness/ crime
(xi)Hi ghconcent rat ionofpopul at ioni nsomear eassuchassl umsi nur bancent res
(xi)Cor ruptcour tsyems
(xii)Dr ugabusebypol iceof fi
cer s/ alcohol
(xiii
)Poorwor kingcondi tionsi .
e.housi ngandr emuner at ion
21. ( a)Whati st hecompos i
tionoft hecabi neti nKenya? .
21.a)(i)Thepr esi dent
(ii)Vi cepr esi dent
(iii
)Mi ni er s
(iv)headoft heci vilser vices
(v)TheAt tor neyGener al
(b)Expl ainSI Xf unct ionsoft hec abi neti nKenya.
21.b)(i)Tof or mul at enat ionalandf orei gnpol iciest ogui det hecount r
y
(ii)Toadvi cet hepr esi dentoni ssuesofnat i
onaldevel opmentr elatedtot heminiries
(iii
)Tosuper viset hei mpl ement at ionofgover nmentpol i
ciesbyr espectivemi ni
ries
(iv)Toi ni tiat e/ appr ovegover nmentbi llsf ordi scussi onbypar li
ament /l
awmaki ng
process
(v)Toi ni tiat edevel opmentpr oj
ect sbymi niriesi ndi ffer entpar t
soft hecount ry
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(vi)Todi scussi mpor tantnat ionalandi nternationali ssues
(vii)Topr epar ebudget ar yei mat esf ort her espect i
vemi ni
ries
(viii
)Todef endcol l
ect ivel yal lgover nmentpol icies
1.I
dentifyt wowayst hr oughwhi chAr c heologi sobt aininf or mat ionont hehi oryofKenya
1. -Locat ingpr e-hi or i
csi tes
-Excavat ing/di ggi ngt hesi te
-Dat i
ngt hef ossi lsandar tifact s
-Recor dingt hef indi ngs
2.Onewayi nwhi cht heowl edgeofi ronwor ki nghel pedi nt hemi gr ationoft heBant u
2. -I tenabl edt hem t ocl eart hei rwaysast heymoved
-Thei rsuper iorweaponsenabl edt hem t odef eatt hei renemi es
-Theywer eabl et ogr owenoughf oodcr opst osuai nt hem
3.Oner eas onwhyt hegover nmentmayl imi tt hef reedom ofs peech
3. -I fone’ sspeechi ncitest hepubl icagai nt heat e
-I fonedi sclosesconf i
dent ialinf ormat ionr elati
ngt ot heat e
-I fonespr eadsf al sei nf or mat i
onaboutt heat e/i ndi vidual
4.Twof act orst hatl edt ot hes pr eadofI slam al ongt heKenyanCoabys ixteent hcent ur
y
4. -Tr adi ngact i
vi ti
esbet weent heAr absandt hel ocalcommuni t i
es
-I ntermar riagebet weent heAr absandt helocalcommuni ti
es
-Set tl
ementofAr abt rader sal ongt hecoa
5.Twoobj ect ivesofeducat ionof fer edbyChr iianmi ssionar iesi nKenyadur i
ngt hecol onial
Period
5. -Tot eachAf ricansbasi cl iter acyandnumer acyski lls
-Tot eachAf ricansbet terf ar mi ngmet hods
-Tot rai nAf ri
cancat echi s
-Tot eachAf ricansbasi ct echni calski lls
-Toci vi li
ze
-Tot eachbet t ermet hodsofhygi ene
6.Met hodsus edbyEur opeanst oacqui ret er ritori
esi nKenyadur ingt he1 9th century
6. -Theysi gnedt reat ies/agr eement s/di pl omacy
-Theycol labor atedwi thsomei nfl
uent ialAfr i
canr uler s
-Theyconr uct edoper at i
onalbasesf rom wher et heyspr ead
-Theyusedf or ce
7.Onewayt hr oughwhi chcol oni all andpol iciespr omot eds ettl
eragr iculturei nKenya
7. -Thegover nmentpol icyofl andal ienat ionavai ledl andf orEur opeanset tl
emente. g.
White
Highl ands
-Cr eat ionofAf ricanr eser vesl edt oover crowdi ngf orcingAf ricanst owor kf orthe
sett
lerfar m
-Decl aringsomeoft hel andsascr ownl anddeni edt heAf ri
canst heaccesst oitsuse
8.Twocommuni tiest hats howedmi xedr eact iont ot heBr iti
s hdur ingt hecol onialr ul
ein
Kenya
8. -Akamba
-Agi kuyu
-Luo
9.Twomai nai msoft hebui l
di ngoft heKenyaUgandar ail
way
9. -Topr ovi deaqui ckerandcheapermeansoft r
anspor tfrom t hecoat ot hei nteri
or
-Tobeabl et oexpor tvar iouscommodi t i
ese. g.cot tonf rom Uganda
-Tot ranspor tcol oni aladmi nirat i
onandof fi
cial’
st hushel ptoeabl i
shef f
ectiveBriti
sh
admi ni ration
-Toampoutt hesl avet r ade
10.Onemet hodus edbyt heBr itisht oadmi nierKenyacol onybet ween1 920and1 963
10. -Di rectr ule
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-Indi r
ectr ul e/di videandr ule
11.Whatwast hemaj orgr i
evanceoft heear lyAf ri
canpol iti
calas soci
at i
ons
11. -Lossofl and
12.Oner eas onwhyAf ric answer enotal l
owedt ogrows omecas hcr opsbef ore1 954
12. -Eur opeanswant edt ocont inueget tingcheapAf r
icanl abourf ort heirfarms
-Toavoi dcompet iti
onbyAf ri
canf armer s
-Tocont rolt hespr eadofdi seasesandpesf rom Africanf arms
13.Givet wor eas onswhyAf r i
cansi nKenyamov edt ot ownsdur ingt hecol onialperiod
13. -Theywer eat t
ract edbysoci alameni t
ies
-Townsof fer edhi gherj obpr ospect s/bet t
erwages
-ManyAf ricansf oundt hemsel vesi novercr owdedr eser ves/landal ienation
-Inor dert oescapehutt ax/f or cedl abour
-SomeAf ricanswant edt oopenupbusi nessesi nt owns
14.Typeofconi tut i
onus edi nKenya
14. -Wr i
tten
15.Identi
fyt wopeacef ulwaysofr es olvingconf li
cts
15. -Negot iation
-Medi ation
-Ar bitration
-Li t
igat i
on
16.Twot ypesofr epr es ent ativedemocr acy
16. -Par li
ament ar y
-Pr esident ial
17. a)Whyt heBant usmi grat edf rom t heirhomel and
17.a)-Ther ewasani ncr easei npopul ationt hust heneedf orlandf orset tl
ement
-Theywer el ooki ngf orl andf orcul t
ivation
-Theywer el ooki ngf orgr azi ngl and/paur e
-Internalconf li
ct s
-Ext ernalat t acksbynei ghbour ingcommuni ti
es
-Out br eakofdi seases/epi der mi cs
-Duet odr oughtandf ami ne
-Spi ri
tofadvent ur e
b)F act
orst hatf aci litatedt hedevel opmentoft heAkambal ongdi ancet rade
17.b)-Muchofukambanii snotsui tabl eforagr i
culture.Thecount ryishi l
lyandsoi l
sar e
rockyand
sandy
-Ukambanir ecei vesl it
tler ainfallandt heAkambasuf feredf r
om per i
odsoff ami ne
-Thegeogr aphi calposi tionofukambanibet weent hecoaandt hef ertil
ehighl andsof
central
Kenya
-Theexi enceofpr omi nentpeopl esuchasKi voiwhocommandedal argefollowi ngof
men;
whol ookedt ohi mf orl eader shi p
-TheAkambawer eski ll
edhunt er s,ironwor kersandpr oducer sofar rowpoi son
18. a)Whydi dt heNandir es iBr i
tishi nvas ionoft heirter rit
orybet ween1 896–1 905
18.a)-Theywant edt opr eser vet hei rindependence
-Theywant edt opr eser vet hei rcul ture
-Theywer ei nfl
uencedbyt hei rl eader s( OrkoiyotKi mnyol es)pr ophecyaboutal ong
snake
-Thei rmi litar ysuper iorityovert heirnei ghbour sencour agedt hem toat tackt he
Briti
sh
-Theyhaddeephat r
edf orf or eigner s
-Theywant edt opr otectt hei rland/weal th
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-Theyhat edt hei rski ncol ourandmodeofdr ess/sawwhi tesasdevi l
s
b)Fivef actorswhi chenabl edt heNandit or es it heBr iti
s hinvas i
onf oral ongt ime
18.b)-Theuseofawel ltrained,exper iencedanddi sciplinedar mywhi chenabl edt hem to
f
acet he
Br it
ishar mywi thconf idence
-Theabi lit
yt omaket heirownweaponswhi chensur edconantsuppl ydur i
ngt hewar
-Thef or eedandhi ll
yt er rainwhi chmadei tdi ff
icultf ort heBr i
ti
shsol di
er stomove
swi f
tly
-Thepr evalenceoft ropicaldi seasesr educedt heef fi
ci encyoft heBr it
ishar my
-Theexi enceoff oresi ght edl eader samongt heNandiencour agedt hewar riorsto
cont i
nue
fi
ght i
ng
-Theabl eeconomi cbaseenabl edt henandit osuai nt hei rwar ri
orsdur i
ngt hewar
-Theuseofgui rellawar far emadei tdifficultf ort heBr itisht odef eatt heNandi
war ri
or swi t
h
ease
-Theuni tyamongt henandienabl edt hem t osuai nt her esiance
19. a)Reas onswhi chmadet heBr it
is hgover nmentt oencour agewhi tes ettlementi n
Kenyadur i
ng
thecol oni alper iod
19.a)-Tocar r youtf ar mi ngi nor dert omeett headmi nirationoft hecol ony
-Thecl imat eoft hewhi t
ehi ghl andswassui tablef orwhi teset tl
ement
-Thewhi t
eswoul dbel oyalt ot hecol oni algover nmentasopposedt otheAf r i
cans
-Theywer el ar get ract sofseemi ngl yunut ili
zedl and
-Theset tlerswer et ocar ryoutf armingi nor dert opr oducegoodst obet ranspor ted
byt he
r
ailway.Thi swoul dhel pmeett hecoofmai ntainingt her ai l
way
Thegover nmentdi dnotwantt heAsi anst ot akecont roloft hecol ony
b)Whyt hei mper ialBr iti
s hEaAf ricaCompany( IBEACO)r ulecomet oanendi n1 895
19.b)-TheCompanyl ackedqual i
fiedadmi nirat ors
-Ther ewasmi smanagementoff undsbyt hecompanyof fi
cials/cor ruption
-Thear eawast oovaf ort hef ewof fi
cialst omanage
-SomeAf ricancommuni tiesr esied/r ebel ledagai nt hecompanyr ule
-Thecompanyl ackedadequat ef unds/capi talfori tsdayt odayact ivit
ies
-Ther ewaspoorcommuni cat ionbet weent hecompanyof f
icialsandt hecol oni aloff
ice
in
Br i
tain/poorco- or dinat i
on
-Companyof ficialswer eaf f
ect edbyunf avour ablecl imat iccondi ti
ons/t ropical
diseases
-Ri valryf rom t heGer maneaAf ricaCompanyaf fectedi tsoper ati
ons
-Poori nf r
ar uct ur ehi nder edi t
sef f
ect i
veness
20. a)Pr oblemst hatf acedt heear lypol it
icalor gani zationsi nKenyaupt o1939
20.a)-Ar reanddepor tationoft hei rleader s/det ent i
on
-Theor gani zat ionswer ebannedbyt hecol oni algover nment
-Theywer ei nef fect ivebecauseofet hni city
-Theor gani zat ionsl ackedt hesuppor toft hemasses
-Theyl ackedf undst opr omot et heiract ivities
-Thei rl eader sl ackedor gani zationalski l
ls
-Themember swer edeni edt hef reedom ofassoci at i
onandmovement
-Theor gani zat ionswer edeni edaccesst omassmedi a
b)Met hodsus edbyAf ricannat ional i
si nKenyai nt her uggl ef ori ndependence
20.b)-Theyusedar medr uggleagai ncol onialadmi niration
-Theyor gani zedr i
kesandboycot tsasameansofchal lengi ngthecol onialpower
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-Theyusedt radeuni onst oar ticulatet hecour seoft hei rruggl eamongt hewor kers
-Theyusedt hei rr epr esent ationsi nt hel egisl ati
vecounci lwhopr essur i
zedBr i
tainto
grant
independencet oKenya
-Theyf ormedsoci alor gani zationsandpol iti
calpar tiest opr essf orchange
-Theyusedmassmedi at omobi li
zet hepeopl eandar ti
cul atet hei rgr ievances
-Theyusedi ndependentchur chest osensi tizeAf ri
cansaboutt hei rpol iti
calrights
-Af ricanssentpet itionsanddel egat ionst ot hegover norandt hecol onialoffi
cei n
London/
inter nationalf ora
21. a)Thei mpor tanceofudyi nggover nment
21.a)-Toappr eciat et heneedf orgover nmentandmakeusbecomebet terci t
izens
-Tounder andi ssuest odowi thdut iesandr esponsi bil
iti
esofl eader sandi ndividuals
int he
count ry
-Tounder andhowl awsofacount ryar emadeandenf orced
-Tounder andhowt hegover nmentr aisesandspendsi t
smoney
-Toudydi f
fer entor gansoft hegover nmentandowt heirvar iousf unct ionsandi nter
-
rel ationshi p
b)Civi
cr es pons ibilitiesofaKenyanci ti
zen
21.b)-Toal l
owot herpeopl espacet oexer ciset hei rr i
ght sandf reedom
-Topayt hei rt axest oenabl et hegover nmentt opr ovi deser vicest ot hepeopl e
-Topar ti
cipat ei ncommuni t
yact i
vitiesf ort hei mpr ovementoft hewel fareoft he
peopl e
-Topar ti
cipat ei nt hedemocr aticpr ocessbyvot ingdur i
ngel ect i
ons
-Toappr eciat egenderdi f
fer encesanddesif r om di scrimi natingagai not hermember s
oft he
soci et y
-Tohavegoodheal thpr act i
cest hatpr otectt hel i
vesofot her s
-Toassit hegover nmenti nensur i
ngt hatt her ol
eoft hel awi spr omot ed
-Toconser vet heenvi ronmentbykeepi ngi tpol l
ut i
onf ree
-Toobeyt hel awsoft hel andf orthepr omot ionofl awandor deri nt hesoci ety
22. a)Devel opment alright sofchi ldren
22.a)-Ri ghtt oeducat ion
-Ri ghtt olei sur e
-Ri ghtt opar ticipat ei ncul tur alandar tii
cact ivi ti
es
-Ri ghtt oexpr esst hemsel ves
-Accesst oi nf or mat ion
-Ri ghtt osoci alsecur ityandpar ent all ove
b)Waysi nwhi cht hebi llofr i
ght spr otectst her ight soft hei ndividual
22.b)-at est hatver yi ndivi dualhast her ightt olif
e
-Itguar anteesl iber tyt oal lciti
zensbyf orbiddi ngensl avement ,det ent i
onor
impr isonment
wi thoutt rial
-Itpr otect st hei ndi vidualf rom al lfor msoft or t ureandi nhumant reat ment
-Itguar anteest hepr otect ionofpr ivat epr oper tyanywher ei nt hecount r
y
-Itpr otect st hei ndi vidualf reedom ofconsci enceandr eligion/wor shi p
-Itguar anteest hepr otect ionoft hef reedom ofspeechandexpr essi on
-Itgi vesKenyan’ st her ightt omovef r eelythr oughoutt hecount ryandt or esidein
anypar tof
thecount r y
-Itguar anteesi ndivi dual sagai nanyf or m ofdi scriminat i
onont hebasi sofcol our ,
creed,
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genderandr el i
gi on
-I tpr otect sindi vidual sagai nar bitrar ysear ch,ar reandent r
yi nt oonespr operty
wi thout
one’ sconsent
-I tguar ant eesbasi cr ight si .e.educat ion,shel t
erandf ood
-Pr ovi def orf r eedom ofassembl y/associ ation
23. a)Mer itsofdemocr acy
23.a)-Thei nter esoft heci tizensar epar amount
-I tf oer suni t
yamongt heci tizensofacount ry
-Itpr omot esgoodgover nanceast hel eader sar eanswer ablet ot hepeopl e
-Itpr omot esgoodr el ationsbet weent her ul er sandci ti
zens
-I tadvocat esf orr espectofot herpeopl e’ sr ight s
-I tpr omot espeaceandabi lity
-I tpr omot esi nt ernat ionalhar mony
-I tenhancespat ri
ot ism
-I thasamor alandeducat iveval ue
b)Pr incipl esofdemocr acy
23.b)-Ci t izenpar t
ici pat i
oni nt hegover nanceoft hei rcount r
ybyvot i
ngorbei ngvot edfor
-Regul ar,f reeandf airel ect ionbasedont hepr i
nciplesofuni ver saladultsuffr
age
-Pol iticalt oler ancebyt oler atingt heopi nionsoft hosewhoar enoti npower
-Tr anspar encyandaccount abi l
itywher et hewi lloft hepeopl emupr evai
li ndecisi
on
maki ng
-Cont roloft heabuseofpower
-Exi enceofmor et hanonepol i
tical/par ty
-Equal ityofal lt hepeopl ebef oret hel aw
-Bi l
lofr ight swhi chf or mspar toft heconi t
ut ionoft heat e
Uphol dst her ight sandf reedom oft hei ndi vidual
Appl icat i
onoft her ul eofl aw
Muhaveanof fi
ceoft heombudsper son.Pr ovi desachannelt hroughwhi cht hepublic
cancompl ainwhent heyar emi reat edbypubl icof fi
cer s
Fai rpr ocedur esi nt heduepr ocessoft hel aw
1.Gi vet wof unct ionsofCounci lofEl der samongt hePOKOMOdur i
ngPr e-colonialperiod.
2.Ident ifyt wof act or swhi chmadeI s l
am s pr eadi nKenyaby1 500A. D
3.Namet hel agr oupsofRi verLakeNi l
ot est oMi gr atei ntoKenya
4.at et wowaysi nwhi chJohnKr afmadeChr iiani tySpr ead i nKenya
5.Expl ai nt wor es ultsoft heeabl ishmentofUr bancent ersinKenya.
6.Gi vet wowayst hr oughwhi cht hecol oni algover nmentcont rolledmi grati
onsofAf r
icans
tour bancent res
7.Gi vet womai nr eas onswhyAf ricanNat i
onal isi nKenyaf ormedK. A.D. U
8.Whatf act or sl edt ot hedevel opmentofCi tyat esal ongt heKenyanCoaby1 500AD.
9.at et hemai nf unct ionofachi efi nt hecol oni alKenya.
10.at et woCommi ss i
onswhi chcont ribut edt ot hedevel opmentofeducat i
oni nKenyadur ing
thecol oni alper i
od.
11.Lidownanyonet ypesofl ocalaut hor i
tiesi nKenya.
12.Whati st hemai nf unct ionoft hear medf or cesi nKenya?
13.Whi chs peci alt ri
bunali nKenyaat tributesdi s put esbet weenl andLor dsandt enantsin
res pect
ofcont rolledbus ines spr emi s es
14.Gi veonef act orwhi chunder mi nedl ocalgover nmentdur ingthecol onialper i
odi nKenya
15.Nameonemai ncat egor iesofr ecur rentexpendi t urei nKenya.
16.I dent ifyones our ceofr evenuef orl ocalaut hor i
tiesi nKenya.
17.Whoappoi nt st heChi efJui ce?
18.Gi veoner eas onwhyKenyaPr isonsi scl as sifi
edi ntovar iouscat egor i
es.
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19.(a).Namet hreegr oupst hatmakeupt heMi ji
kenda
(
b) .Di scus st heSoci o-Pol iticalOr ganizationoft heMi jikendaduri
ngthepre-colonial
peri
od.
20.( a).Namet hreef oundermember sofAf r
icanWor ker sFederati
oninKenya.
(
b)Expl ainSi xr eas onst hatl edt ot her i
seandf or mat i
onofTr adeUni
onMovementi n
Kenya
21.(a).Namet hreeBr i
tishSecr et ari
esofat efort hecol oniesunderwhichConitut
ional
reforms
weremadei ncol oni alKenya.
(b) .Out linet hemai nconi tut i
onalchangesl eadingt oindependenceinKenyas i
nc e1944.
22.( a).Out linet het ermsoft heAngl o-Ger manAgr eementof1 886.
(b) .Discus st heef fect soft heDevons hir
ewhi t
epaper .
23.( a).atef i
veconi t
ut ionalr equi rementwhi chmubef ulf
il
ledbyapar l
iamentar
ycandi date
(b) .Expl ainf ivepr obl emsf acingt heel ectoralpr oces si nKenya
24.( a)Whatar ethemai ns ect ionsoft hear medf orcesar ei mport
antinKenya.
(b) .Expl ainSi xr eas onswhyt hear medf orcesar eimpor tanti
nKenya
25.( a).Def inet hef ollowi ng:
(i
).Nat ionalPhi losophy
(
ii
).Af ri
cans oc i
al i
sm
(
ii
i).Har ambee
(
b) .Whati st her oleofHar ambeei nNat i
onBui l
di ng?

HI
ORY31
1/
2
SECTI
ON1
1

1.Givet wowaysi nwhi chl i

nguiicsisimpor tantintheudyofHioryandGover nment
1.-Showr elationshipbet weenlanguagesoft hesamef amil
y/connected
-Usedt oshowhowl ongagocommuni t
iesofsamef amil
ybr okecontact
-Cani ndicatemi grat orypatternsandt hespr eadandinfl
uenceofal anguage
2.Ment i
ont wof actor st hatfaci
litat
edear lyagr i
cul
tureinanci
entEgypt
2.-F erti
lesoi l
s( sil
t)al ongt hebanksoft heNi l
e
-Di scover yoft heshadoofi r ri
gati
onmet hod
-Thei nvent i
onoft heOxdr awnpl ough
-Avai labil
ityofi ndigenousseeds
-I nventionofbr onzehoes( farmingt ools)
-Avai labil
ityofwat erf rom theNi l
ef orirri
gati
on
3.atet wos hortcomi ngsofus i
ngs mokes ignalasawayofcommuni cati
oninancientt
imes
3.-Coul dnotsendmor et hanonemessage
-Leadst odef oreat i
on
-Pol l
utedt heenvi ronment
-Itwashar dt olightf i
redur i
ngr ai
nyseasons
4.Gi vetwoi mpact sofs cienti
fi
cr evol
utiononagr i
cult
ureduri
ngagrarianrevol
uti
on
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cesCal
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4.-Ledt ohi ghyiel ds
-Machi nesr eplacedhumanl abour
5.atet wos ocialres ultsofur banizati
oni nJohannesbur g
5.–Unempl oyment
-Hi ghcr imer ate/r obber y&pr oit
uti
on
-Riseofsl ums/ghet toes
-Overpopul ati
on–l ackofsoci alameni t
ies/congeion
-Rur alur banmi gr ation
6.atet hemai nres ultofLochnert reatyof1890
-TheLoziwer ecol oni zed
7.Giveoneeconomi cf act orforEur opeanscramblef orAfri
ca
7.-Needofr awmat erialsf orindur y
-Mar ketfori ndur ialpr oduct s/commer ci
alacti
vit
ies
-Settlesur pluspopul ation
8.atet hemai nreas onf orNdebel edef eatbytheBr iti
shinthewarof1
893
8.-TheNdebel ewer edi sunit
ed
9.Identif
yones ocialr ef ormi ntroducedbyt heGer man’ saft
ert
heMaji
-Maj
irebel
li
oni
n
Tanganyika

9.-Ki swahi l
ibecameof fi
ciallanguage
-Medi calandeducat i
onalf acili
tiesf orAfricans
-Cor por alpuni shmentwasabol i
shed
-Newspaper st hati ncitedset tl
er sagainAf r
icanswer ecensured
1
0.Namet wopol i
ticalpar t
iest hatf oughtf orindependencei nSouthAfr
ica
1
0.-Af ri
canNat i
onalCongr ess( ANC)
-Communipar tyofSout hAf rica( CPSA)
-PanAf ri
canCongr ess( PAC)
1
1.Givet wopol iticalr esultsoft heSecondWor ldWar
1
1.-Ri seoft wosuper iorpower s
-Ledt oemer genceofi roncur tain
-Ensuedcol dwar
-UNOwasf ormed
-Pr oduct i
onofnucl earweapons
-Di visionofGer many
-Cr eat ionofI sraelasanewat e
-Intr oduct i
onofMar shallPl an
-Decol onization
1
2.Gi vet woachi evement soft heNon-Al i
gnedmovement
1
2.-I nfluencedoft hemember swasr engt henedi nwor l
daffai
rs
-Af ricanat esbor r owed/benef it
edf rom bot hEaandweEur ope
-Member smeetannual l
yaf terever y4year s
1
3.Ident ifyonef unct ionoft hePr i
meMi ni
erint hegover nmentofIndi
a
1
3.-Appoi ntsacabi netf r
om t hepar tyorpar ti
est hatform government
-Leaderofpar tywi thmaj or i
tyf ormsgover nment
-Di rect sgover nmentpol i
cy
1
4.atet hemai nachi evementofPan-Af ri
canism movement
1
4.-F ormat ionofOAU
1
5.Namet wof inanci alinitutionsoft heAf ri
canUni on(A.U)
1
5.-TheAf ri
cancent ralbank
-TheAf ri
canMonet aryf und
-TheAf ri
cani nvementbank
1
6.Gi vet wof unct i
onsoft heHous eofLor dsi nBr itai
n
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eEr
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cesCal
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1
6.-Init
iat elegi slat i
on
-Exami nesbi llsast heypasst hr oughpar liament
-Checkonpower soft heexecut ive
1
7. a)at et hr eewaysi nwhi char cheol ogi sus et odet erminehi oricalsit
es
1
7.a)-Locat ingar cheol ogi calsi tes
-Di ggi nguporexcavat ingt her emai nsoft hepeopl e
-udyi ngt her emai ns
-Cl assi fyingt her emai ns
b)Expl ai ns i
xwaysofl if
eoft heear lymandur i
ngt helaphas eoft heoneAge
1
7.b)-Livedi nsmal lgr oupsi nor dert oassieachot her
-Di scover eduseoff ir
eandat ecookedf ood
-Livedi ncaves
-Wor ecl ot hesf rom bar ksoft rees
-Devel opedal anguageofcommuni cation
-Pr act icedsomear ti .
e.r ockpai nt ing
-Impr ovedt ool sofhunt ing
1
8. a)at et her ol esoft heTuar egsi nt heTr ans -Saharant rade
1
8.a)-Pr ovi dedaccommodat iont ot het r ader s
-Theygui dedt het rader sacr osst hedeser t
-Theypr ovi dedf oodandwat ert ot hecar avans
-Act edasi nt er pret er s/t ransl at or st ot het raders
-Guar dedt rader s/secur it
y/pr otect edt rader s
-Theymai nt ainedt heoasi s
-Pr ovi deddi rect iont ot hecar avans
b)Expl ai nt heef fect sofTr ans -Sahar ant radeont hepeopl esofWeer nSudan
1
8.b)-Towns/ci tiesdevel opedal ongt rader out es
-Theweal thacqui redf rom t het radewasusedt oexpandat essuchasGhana/Mal i
;
Expansi onofat es
-r ongar mi eswer ef or medduet ot heuseoft hehor seasameansoft r
ansport
-Adopt edI slami ccul tur e/Musl ims
-Eabl ishmentofschool s,l i
br ar iesanduni versiti
es
-Ar abi car chi tect ur aldesi gnswer ei ntroducedi nadmi nir
ati
on
-I slami cl aw/shar iawasi nt roducedi nadmi nir
ation
-Encour agedsl avet rade
-We–Sudanopenedt ot her eoft hewor l
d
-Cl assofr ichmer chant semer ged
-Ber ber sandAr absf r om Nor thAf ricaset t l
edi nW. Sudanandi nt
ermarri
age
1
9. a)at et hr eedi s advant agesofus ingi ronor e
1
9.a)-Ironwasweakandbr ittl
ecoul dnotber eliedoni nthemaki ngofheavymachi nery
-Itwast ooheavyt ot r anspor tt husi tsusagei nconr uct i
onandbui l
dingwashampered
-Onexposur et owat erormoiai r,i roneasi lyrued

b)Explains i
xfactorsthatledt oindurial
izati
oni nJapan
1
9.b) -Largepopul ati
onpr ovi
dedl ocalmar ketandl abour
-Poli
ticalabil
ity–pr evai
li
ngpeacei nJapansi nce1 868
-Juint imer ategy.Thisenhancedf abutoptpr ecisi
ononi nduri
alproductiont
o
meett hedemandont i
me
-Foreignai d–Af er2nd Wor
t l
dwar( 1
939- 45)theUSApr ovi
dedf i
nancialand
t
echni calai
daf t
erJapanl iberal
izedherf oreignaid
-TheJapanesegover nmentsf r
eemar keteconomyencour agedcapitalii
nvement
s
whichcr eat
edmonopol iesinindurialandcommer ciali
nvement
-Entrepreneurship–TheJapanesepeopl ehavebeent obeent erpr
isingwithagood
sense
F
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eEr
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cesCal
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ofi nvement .Theweal thyi ndur i
al isandbusi nessmenwi l
li
nglypumpedt hei
rcapi t
al
intot hedomei ci ndur iesi .
e.Mi tsubi shi ,Yasuda,Honda&Mi toni c
-Nat ur alr esour cesi .e.cot ton,si l
k,f orery,f i
sher yandoi l
-Thegover nmentofJapansetupTsukubasci enceci tynearTokyoi n1963;whi ch
booedr esear chanddevel opment
-Gover nmentmeasur es:Ther efor msofJapanesemonar chyabol ishingfeudali
sm
20. a)Gi vet heachi evement sofECOWAS
20.a) -Headsofat esmeetr egul ar l
yf orconsul tation
-Enhancedmovementofgoodsandl abourwi thint her egion
-Mut ualdef ensewhi chhasr esol vedconf lictsi .e.inLi beria&Si er raLeone
-Cul tur alexchangesamongmemberat es
-Impr ovementoft ranspor tandcommuni cat i
on,agr i
cul tureandi ndur yinther egion
-Set tingupofadevel opmentf und
-Member shavebenef itedeconomi cal l
yf rom co- oper ationforexampl ebyavaili
ng
Niger ianpet roleum pr oduct satacheaperr atet hant heopenmar ket
b)Expl ainchal l
engesf acedbyCOMESAi ni tsendeavor
20.b) -Et hni cwar s,ci vilr ifeandpol iticali nabi litywi thinr egi on
-Regi onali ntegr ationi satt imesout weighedbynat i
onali nt
er es
-Lar gedebtbur denf r om I MF&WB
-Unpr ecedent ednat ur alcal ami ti
ese. g.dr oughtandf l
oodsl eadt of ami ne&f ood
shor tages
-Unempl oymentcr isis
-Pr oducesamet r adecommodi ti
eshencel i
mi tedcommer ci
alexchanges
-Hoi leext er nalt radeenvi ronment
-Ensur ingmemberat escompl ywi thr egul ationsoft heor ganizat ion
21. a)Whywasdi rectr uleappl iedbyt heBr i
t i
s hi nZi mbabwe
21.a) -Desi redt ocont rolt heeconomyofZi mbabwet omaxi mizepr ofits
-Theyr ealizedt hei ndi genous/l ocalpol i
t icalini tut
ionsbasedonI ndunasyem had
beender oyeddur ingt heBr iti
shoccupat ionofZi mbabwe
-Toensur ecompl et econt roloft heAf ri
cans/endAf ricanr esisnce
-B. S.A. Cohadenoughf i
nancet opayt headmi nirators
-Exi enceoft heBr itishSout hAf r
icanCompanyPer sonnelont hespotwhower e
fami liarwi tht hear eaaswel last heBr itishsyem ofadmi nirat or s
b)Expl aint heef fect sofDi rectr uleonZi mbabwe
21.b) -Ledt ol andal ienat i
on
-Lossofi ndependence/Af ri
cant radi tionalr uler slot hei rpoli
ticalaut onomy
-Af ri
canshadl imi tedr i
ght s/r unni ngt hecol onywasveedi nBr iti
shhands
-BSACOwasgi vent oomuchpoweri ntheadmi nir
ationoft hecol ony
-Ledt odevel opmentoft ranspor tnet wor k/i nf raructur e
-Int r
oduct i
onofnewcr opsi nt her egion
-Under mi nedAf ricancul ture/i nt roduct i
onofWeer neducat i
on/spr eadofChr ii
anity
-Af ri
cansdeni edf reedom ofmovementbybei ngconf inedt ot her eservesand
requi redt o
car ryi dent itycar ds( passl aws)
-Int r
oducedf or cedl abour
22. a)at et her eas onswhyLewani kaoft heLozicol laborat edwi tht heBr iti
sh
22.a)-Want edpr otect ionagai ni nt er nalenemi es
-Hewasi nfluencedbymi ssi onar ies( Coillar dF rancoi s)
-Hi sf riendCl uifeKhamaofNgwal our gedhi m
-Want edt opr omot et radewi tht heBr it
ish
-Hewast hr eat enedbyt hePor tuguesef r om t heEa
-Fear edt hemi ghtoft heBr itish
b)Expl aint heef fectofLozicol labor ationwi tht heBr itish
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22.b)-Barot sel andwascol oni zedbyt heBr i
tish/lossofl
and
-TheBr i
tisht ookcont r
olofal lt heMi nes
-TheBr i
tishint roducededucat ioni nLozi
-Taxat ionwasi nt roduced
-Ther ewasl andal ienat i
on
-Nativer eser veswer esetupf orAf ricans
-Afr
icansl ocont roloft radet oBSACO
23. a)at et hr eef unct ionsoft heUScongr ess
23.a)-Lawmaki ngar m oft heUSgover nment
-Amendi ngconi tution
-Cont rolf eder algover nment sr evenuef ort heUSA
-Appr oveappoi nt ment sofseni ourcivi lservants
-Appr ovef oreignpol icies
-Confir m appoi ntmentofmi niers
-Cani mpeacht hepr esident
b)Explai nadvant agesoft hef eder algover nmentofUSA
23.b)-Ensur est hatr ight sofsmal lerat esar esafeguardedsothatbi
ggeronesdon’
t
dominat
e

-Smal lat esbenef i

tf rom al ar gef eder alar my/def ence
-Di f
ferentat esl ivet oget herwhi leatt hesamet i
memai ntaini
ngt heirseparate
identity
-Benef itfrom t hel argemar keti nt rade
-Enhancest radeamongt heat esbyel i
mi nat i
ngt ar i
ff
sandot hertradebar r
iers
-Enhancest hepol iticalinf l
uenceoft heat east heycomet ogetherandspeakwi thone
voice
-Benef itfrom ar ichpoolofr esour ceswhi chat esbr ingtoget her
1.Ident ifytwowaysi nwhi chear lymanus edonet ools
1.-F orpr otect ionagai nenemi es/weapons
-F orhunt ingandgat her i
ng
-F ordi ggingupr oot s
-F orconr uct i
ngshel ter /caves
-F orski nni ng/scr api ng/peel ing
-F orsewi ng
-F orcut ting/choppi ng
-F orshar peni ng
2.at et wodi sadvant agesofus ingcoalasas ourceofener gy
2.-I ti sbul ky/di f
fi
cul tt ot ranspor t
-I tpr oducesai rpol lut ant se. g.sul phurdi oxide
-Iti sexpensi vet oobt ainfrom t hemi nes
-Iti snon-r enewabl esour ceofener gy/exhaui ble
-Pr oducesl owcal or yener gyascompar edt oot hers
3.Gi vet wowaysi nwhi cht heagr arianr evol utioni nEngl andaffectedt helivesofs mall
s cal efarmer s
3.-Theybecamel andl ess/di spl acedf rom t heirf arms
-Theymi gr atedt ot ownsi nsear chofj obs
-Somebecamepoori ndur iall abour ers
-Somemi gr atedt of or eignl ands
4.I dent if
yonewayi nwhi chAf ricansr eact edt oEur opeancol onizati
onofAf r
ica
4.-Ar medr esi ance/r ebel li
ous/upr ising/r evol ts
-Col laborat ion/si gni ngt r
eat i
es
5.Gi veonef act ort hatl edt ot heendofcol dwar
5.-Deat hofJosephal in
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eEr
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cesCal
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-Di sar mamentpol i
cy
-Goubachev’ sopennessandeconomi cver uctoni ngoft heUSSR
-Col lapseofcommunir ul
ei nEaer nEur ope
-Uni ficat ionofGer many
-Reagam’ spol i
cy
-Di ssol ut i
onofWar sal li
spacti n1 991
6.at et wodi inctchar act eriicsofAur alopithecus
6.-Wal kedont wol egs
-Hewashai ry,shor tandr ong( 1.5m)
-Hehadal owf or eheadanddeepseteyes
-Hi sbr aincapaci tywas450- 550c. c
-Theyhadshar pvi sion
-Theyhadmassi vej awswi thl argemol arsandsmal lercani nes
-Theymadeandusedt ools( oldowan)
7.at eones oci alr eas onf ort hecomi ngofEur opeant oAf ri
cai nt he1 9th century
7.-Mi ssionar iesdemandf orpr otect i
on
-Ri seofvaci sm andpat ernal i
sm
-Rol eofi nf l
uent iali ndi vidual si nEur ope( explor ers)
-Gr owt hofEur opeanpopul ation( sur pluspopul ation)
8.Hi ghl i
ghtt heus eofgol di nt heanci entEgypt
8.-Makei temsf ordecor at i
ons/or nament s/jewel lery
-Tocaat uesoft hephar aohs
-Maket ool ssuchashoes
-Tomakeweaponsasswor ds
9.at et woachi evement sofnon- alignmentmovement( NAM)
9.-I thasr engt henedt hei nfluenceofmember sinwor ldaffairsbyi ncr easingtheirvot
ing
power
inUNO
-Hashel pedi t
smember stosaf eguar dnat ionalsecur it
yandt er ri
tor i
alintegrit
y
-NAM hel pedt ospr eadupdecol oni zationpr ocess
-NAM hashel pedi nt her elaxat ionofi nt ernati
onalt ensionbykeepi ngcl earoffthetw
mi lit
ar ybl ocs
-Pr ovi dedf orum wher emember svoi cescoul dbehear d
-Wor kedt owar dscr eat ionofanewi nter nati
onaleconomi cor der
-Pl ayedal eadi ngr ol ei ndi sar mamentbycondemni ngt hear msr ace
-Movementhasgi venmember sf reedom t oputt heirnat ionali nter ebef or
et hoseof
powerbl ocs
-Hashel pedi ni nt ernat ionalcr isismanagement
-Haswor kedt ocr eat et henewsci entifi
candt echnol ogicalor der
-Wasabl et osetupaspeci alfundi nHar aresummi ttoassif r
ont lineat es
10.Gi veoner eas onwhyt heUni tedat esofAmer ica( USA)di dnotj oint heWor l
dWarI
unt il191 7
10.-Monr oedoct rineo1 823
-Thewarhadnoti nt er f
ereddi rect lywi thUSAi ntereunt il1916
-Amer i
caf earedt hewarbei ngf oughti nhersoi lsinceshehadBr iti
sh,Franceand
Ger mannat ional
-USAhadt rader elat ionswi thbot ht hecent ralpower sandAl li
es
11
.Out l
ineanyt wogr ievancesoft heSout hAf ri
cansi nSout hAf ricadur ingt heaparthei
d
period
11
.-Al i
enat i
onofAf ricansf rom t heirl and
-TheAf r i
canl abour er swer egr eat l
yexpl oit
ed
-Af ri
canswer er er ictedt ol i
vei nur banar eas
-Af ri
canswer eexcl udedf rom t hegover nment
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eEr
esour
cesCal
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-Segr egat i
onofpeopl eont hebasi sofcol our/r ace
-Africanwer ef or cedt ocar rypassbooks/I D’s
-Immor alityact
-F r equentar resanddet ent ionsofAf r
icans
12.atetwot er msofBer linconf er enceof1 884- 85
12.-KingLeopol dofBel gium wasr ecogni zedast heheadofCongoF reeat e
-Theyagr eedt oopsl avet radeandpr omot el egiti
mat etrade
-Occupyi ngEur opeanpower swer etodevel opt r ansportinthei rterritory
-IfaEur opeanpowercl aimsacer t
ainpar tofAf ricancoat hel andi nt hei nteri
orbehind
becameaspher eoft hecl ai mant
-Ther ewasf reedom ofnavi gat ionf ort radeonr i
ver sNiger,CongoandZambezi
-Eur opeanpower swer eunderobl igationt opr otectWhi t
eman’ sint ere’se. g.
trader s,mi ssi onar i
es
-Anycl ai m ofAf r i
cant erritorybyt heEur opeanswasr egardedval idbyef fect
ive
occupation
i.
e.ext entaut hor ity
-Conf er encedef inedcer tainar eaasspher esofi nfl
uenceoft hepowert hatinfor
medt he
other sf ir
13.Givet wophys icalchangeswhi choccur redi near lyhumanbei ngsast heyevol vedfrom
Ape- likecr eatur est omoder npeopl e
13.-Wal kedont wol egs/upr i
ghtpour e
-Devel opedt het humb
-Di sappear anceoft het ail
-Thesi zeofbr ainsandskul li ncr eased
-Sizeoft hej awsandt eet hr educed
-Devel opedasmoot hf orehead
14.Ment iont woeconomi cact ivitiesoft heBagandadur i
ngt hepre- colonialper iod
14.-Theywer emi xedf armer s
-Theywer eironsmel ter s
-Wer ehunt ersandgat her er s
-Theypr acticedt radeespeci allywi thAr absandSwahi li
-Theypr acticedf ishingar oundL. Victor i
a
-Theymadecl othesf rom f i
br eandani malski ns
-Theyal somadebasket sandpot tery
-Menpr acticedcar pent ry
15.Highlightt wos oci alc hal lengeswhi chTanzani ahasf aceds i
ncei ndependence
15.-Lackofbasi cameni tiesl ikewat er,housi ng
-Rur al-ur banmi gr ationhasl edt ounempl oyment
-Rel ianceonf or eignsuppor t
-Ill
iter acyl evel sar ei lltoohi gh
-Ther ei si ncr easedcr imer ateespeci all
ysmuggl ing
-Frur ationoft heAf r
icani zat ionpol iciesduet ol ackofhumanr esour ces
16.Giveoner eas onwhyt hecameli scal l
ed“ des erts hip”
16.-Becauseofi tsabi li
tyt ogof orl ongt i
mewi t
houtf oodorwat er
-Desi gnoft hef ootal lowsi tt owal konsand
17.Nameanyonef or merF renchcol onyi nWeAf rica
17.–Senegal
-Ivor ycoa
-Decomey
-Mal i
-Gui nea
-Maur itani a
-Uppervol t
a
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cesCal
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18.(a)Ident ifyt hechangest hatmar kedt heagr ar ianr evol uti
oni nBr iti
s hi nt he1 8th century
18.a)-Abol itionoff all
ows
-Cropr otat i
onbyLor dTownshend
-Useoff er ti
lizersbyJohnLawes
-Appl icat ionofsci ent ificpr inciplesoff armi ngsuchassel ectivebr eedingofl iveock
-Mechani zat ionoff armi nge. g.Jet hroTul landt hedr i
llingmachi ne
-Thedevel opmentoft hel andencl osur esyem
(b)Expl aint heef fectsoft heagr arianr evol utioni nUni tedat esofAmer ica( USA)
18.b)-I ncr easedf oodpr oduct ion
-Popul at i
oni ncreasedduet oadequat ef ood
-Agr i
cul tur ei sdi ver sified
-Tr adedevel opedduet oagr i
cul turalpr oduce
-Devel opmentoft ranspor tandcommuni cat ion
-Mechani zat i
onoff ar mi ng
-Impr ovedandar dsofl iving
-Agr i
cul tur edevel opedonal ar gescal ebasi s
-Incr easedr esear chandsci ent i
fici nnovat ioni nt hef ieldofAgr i
cul ture
19.(a)Out linehowt hedi scover yofi roni nAf r i
caaf fect edpeopl esl ivesi nt hecont i
nent
19.a)-Devel opmentofagr i
cul tur easar esul tofbet t
ert ool s
-Expansi onofempi resbecausecommuni tieshadbet teri ronweapon
-Popul at i
oni ncreasedasar esul tofi ncr easedf oodpr oduct ion
-Somecl assesofpeopl el ikeBl aci t
hwer egi venspeci alat usi nt hesoci et y
-Inter nat ionalt r
adedevel opedaspeopl eexchangedi ront ool swi thot heri t
ems
-Ur bancent resar oundi ronwor kingcent resdevel oped
-Communi tiesmi gr at edast heyhadbet terf armi ngandf i
ght ingequi pment
-Di visionofl abourassomef ami l
iesandcl ansspeci alizedi nsmel ti
ngi r
on
-atuesofgodswer emadef rom met als/devel opmentofr eli
gi on
-Ironmet alser eusedi nr einfor cementofbui ldingsuchaspyr ami ds
(b)Des cribe,f i
vewaysofl i
feofear lyhumanbei ngsdur i
ngt heol dageoneAgeper iod
19.b)-Manmadeol dowant ool s
-ManmadeandusedAcheul iant ool s
-Manhadnoper manentset tl
ement /hesl eptont r eebr anches
-Hewasbasi cal l
yahunt erandgat her er
-Heat er awmeat ,fr uits,veget ables,eggs,r oot sandi nsect s
-Theyl ivedi nsmal lgr oups
-Manusedgeur esandwhi lingt ocommuni cat e
20.( a)Givef iver eas onsf ort hegr owt hi nWeAf ricaoft heAs ant eki ngdom
20.a)-Emer genceofci tyat esar oundKumasit hatbel ongedt ot heOyokocl an
-Theyhadabl eleader se. g.OseiTut u
-Theyhadasoundagr icult uralbasewhi chpr ovi dedf oodf ort her i
singpopul ation
-Acent ralizedpol iticalsyem undert heasant ehenceuni t
edt hepeopl e
-Aandi ngar mywhi chexpandedt heki ngdom
-Thegol denoolandt heodwi raf eivalpr omot eduni ty
-Thegr owt hofTr ans–At lant icsl avet radebr oughtweal th
(b)Des cribet hepol itical ;or gani zationoft heAs ant ei nt he1 9th cent ury
20.b)-Theyhadacent ralsyem ofgover nmentheadedbyt heAsant ehene
-Itwasdi videdi ntoat eswi thKumasiast hecent r e,theAmat ooat esout si
deKumasi
were
theconquer edat es
-Twol evel sofgover nment a)Met ropol it
anAsant eundert heki ng b)Pr ovincial
Asant ecompr i
si ngoft heconquer edsat es
-Conquer edat eswer er uledbyt hei rki ngsbutt r
eat edaspr ovi ncesoft heAsant e
-Thegol denoolwassacr ed,putatt heof ficeoft heAsant ehene
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-Asant ehener uledwi tht hehel pofomanhene( kingsofvar i
ousat es)
21.(a)Gi vef i
ver eas onswhyt heF renchus edt hepol i
cyofas similat i
oni nWeAf rica
21.a)-TheF renchassumedt hatt hei rcul t
ur eandci vili
zat i
onwassuper i
ort ot heot hers
hencei t
wast hei rbur dent oi mposei tont hem
-Theyassumedt hatot herpeopl ewer ecapabl eofbei ngassi milatedi ntoF r
ench
cultur e
-F renchconsi der edt hei rcol oni esaspar tofF rance
-Unl ikeot herpower st heF renchhadnoi ntent ionofpr epar ingt hecol oni esfor
ever tual
self-gover nment
-Thei nhabi tant shadl ongcont actwi thF rancehencewoul dbeassi milatedeasi ly
-Ther ewasahi ghper cent ageofMul attopopul ation( hal
fcae)i nt hef ourcommunes
-Manypeopl ei nt her egi onhadconver tedi ntoChr ii
anity
(b)Di scus swhyt hepol icyofas s i
mi lat i
onwasnots ucces sf
ullyappl iedt oal lF r
ench
coloni es
i
nWeAf rica
21.b)-Thegover nor sf acedr ongopposi tionf rom t het raditionalr ulerswhower enotr eady
to
acceptt heF renchmodeofci vilizat i
on
-Ther ewer ef ewF renchment ocar ryoutt hepol i
cy
-TheF rencht rader swer eagai nt hepol icyf ort heyf ear edcompet i
tionf rom Af r
icansi
t
heybecameequal
-TheAf r
icanshaddi ver secul tur eandwasnoteasyt oconvi ncedi f
ferentgr oupsto
abandon
t
hei rcul tur ei nf avourofassi mi lation’
-TheF renchhopedt ouset heschoolsyem andi tf ai
ledt osuf f
ici
ent l
yi ndoct ri
natet he
Africansont heval ueoft hepol icy
-TheF renchr eal izedt hatt hepol icywasexpensi veandhencedef eatedt hei rpurpose
of
acqui ri
ngcol oni esf oreconomi cgai n
-TheF renchci tizensi nF rancef ear edbei ngoutnumber edi nt hechamberofdeput ies
henceopposedassi mi lation
-TheMusl imsr esi edat tempt st omaket hem Chr iianswhi chwasoneoft he
qualifications
forassi mi lation
-Thel awsoncepassedi nPar ist ookl ongt or eacht hel ocalpeopl e
-Ther ewasr iseofnegr itudet hatadvocat edf ordi gni t
yofbl ackpeopl eandcul tur
e
22.( a)Whatar et hef eat uresofat egover nmenti nt heuni tedat eofAmer ica
22.a)-Theyhaveagover norwhoi st headmi nirati
vehead
-Eachat ehasl awcour tst hathandl eint ernalaf fair
s
-Eachat ehasi t sownsoci alameni ties/educat ion
-Eachat ei sr esponsi blef ori tsowndevel opment
-Eachat ehasi t sowncapi talci ty
-Eachat egener at esi t sowncapi tal
-Eachat ehasi t sownconi tution
-Eachat ehasi t sownpol icef orcet omai ntainl awandor der
-Eachat ehasi tsownbi -camer all egislatur e
(b)Expl ains i
xf unct i
onsoft hef eder algover nmentoft heuni tedat eofAmer i
ca
22.b)-I tregul at est radebet weenat es
-Itcont r ols/r egul atest radewi tht heat esandf or ei
gncount ries
-Itaut hor izest hepr int ingandci rculationofcur r ency
-Itdecl ar eswarandmakespeacewi t
hot hercount riesoft hewor l
d
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-I tf ormul atesf orei gnpol i
ciesi nvol vingt heUSAandot hercount ries
-I tr egul at est axat ionwi thi nt heUSA
-I tgi vesgr ant st oi ndividualat es
-I tr esol vesdi sput esi nvol vingdi fferentat e
-I tadmi tsnewat ese. g.Hawai i
-Eabl i
shesandcont rolsf eder all aws
-Eabl i
shesf eder alcour ts/supr emecour ts
-Eabl i
shesf eder alpoalser vices
23.(a)Gi vef iver eas onswhyki ngLewani kacol labor at edwi thBr i
tish
23.a)-Lewani kacol l
abor at edwi tht heBr i
tishi nor dert oprot ecthi skingdom agai nt he
Ger mansandPor tuguese/Eur opeanenemi es
-Lewani kadesi redweer neducat ionandci vilizationandwant edt heBr iti
sht o
int
roduce
i
t /want edhi ssonst obeeducat ed
-Hewant edpr ot ect ionagai nhi si nter nalenemi es/i nternalr ebellion/pr eser vehis
positi
on
-Lewani kawasencour agedt ocol l
abor atewi tht heBr itishbyKi ngKhamaofTswana
who
hadal readysoughtBr iti
shpr otect i
onagai nt heBoer s
-Lewani kasawt hef utili
tyofr esiingr ongpowerl ikeBr itainsohecol labor ated
-Desi ret opr omot et radebet weenBr itainandhi speopl e
-Lewani kawasi nfluencedbyEur opeanmi ssi onar i
est ocol l
aborate
(b)Whatwer et her es ultsofcol labor ati
onbet weenLewani kaandt heBr it
ish?
23.b)-Col onialr ulewaseabl i
shedi nNor ther nRhodesi anwi thoutbl oodshed
-Lewani kar etai nedhi sposi tionast hepar amountchi efoft helozi
-TheBr itishusedt hei rfoot hol di nBar at sel andt osubj ugat etheLozinei ghbour s
-TheBSACObui l
tschool si nbavot sel and/f oundat i
onofweer neducat i
on
-Thepr act iceofsl aver yandwi tchcr af tr educedsi gnif
icant ly
-Weer ncul tur eandChr ii
ani tywer ei nt roducedi nt heKi ngdom
-Lewani kasaut hor i
ty/powerwasgr adual lyr educedashebecameamer ef igurehead
-Ther ewasani nfluxofEur opeanset t
ler si nt ot heBar otselandpr otectorat e
-Lossofi ndependencef ort heLozi
-BSACOexpl oi tedt hemi ner alsi nt her egi ont hr oughvar ioustreat i
essi gned
-TheLoziar i
ocr acywasbr oken
-Communi cat ioni nBar ot selandwasi mpr ovedt hroughconr ucti
onofr oadsand
telegr aphi cl iner
24.( a)Gi vef iver eas onswhypan-Af ricani sm wasact i
vei nAf ricaafter1 945
24.a)-Ther ewasachangei ni nter nat ionalopi nionaboutcol oni ali
sm/condemnedas
immor al
andi nhuman
-Manycount riesi nAsi asuchasI ndi abecamei ndependentandt hisinspi redAf r
ican
-Thei nfluenceofex–ser vicemenaf tert heSecondWor l
dWar
-Thegr ant i
ngofi ndependenceofGhanai n1 957pr ovidedbasef orhol ding
conferences
onAf ricansoi l
-Byt hist i
memanyoft hecont i
nentwer enowi ncl osercont act/pr esenceof
i
nt ellect ual s
-Suppor tbyUNOwhi chhadbeenf or medi n1 945andwhi chsuppor tedt hei deaof
equality
ofhumanr ace
-Thechangi ngcol oni alcondi t
ionsandt hedet er minationbyAf r i
cannat ional i
stofight
forindependenceal sohel pedt or engt hen
(b)Whatpr obl emswer eencount er edbyt hepanAf ri
canmovement ?
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24.b)-Lackoff inance
-Har assmentf rom col oni alaut hor i
ties
-Poorco- ordinat ionamongt hel eader soft hemovement
-Thedi videandr ulepol icyoft heEur opeanpower simpededAf r
icanuni ty
-Lackofcont actbet weenAf ri
cansi nBr itain,I talian,Spani shandPor tuguesecol oni
es
-Il
li
t er acyamongt hecont i
nent alAf ricansmadei tdi ff
icultforsuchpeopl et ounder and
theneedf orcont inent aluni t y
-Lackofvenuest ohol dconf er enceespeci allybef ore1 950i nAfrica
-Di ffer encesamongl eader swhof ailedt oagr eeonmat t
ersrelatedt othepr omot i
on
of
Africanuni ty( FrancophoneVsAngl ophone)
-Lackofef f
ect i
vemachi ner yf orcommuni cat i
onofi deasacr ossthecont inentbecause
the
meansofcommuni cat ionwer econt r oll
edbyEur opeans
-Afteri ndependencei n1 960t hemovementwasr er i
ctedt oAfri
caTher ol eofmass
medi a/j our nalism
1.atet wopr oblemst hatmayar isef rom t heus eofant hropol ogyasas our ceofhi orical
informat ion.
1.-Itisexpensi vebecausei ti nvol vesl ivingamongagr oupofpeopl e
-Itistimeconsumi ng
-Ther esear chermayf indi tdi fficul ttoadoptt ot henewenvi ronment
-Maymi sssomei mpor tantdet ai l
s
2.Ident i
fyt wor eas onswhyear l
ymanmadet ool s.
2.-Todef endhi msel fagai nenemi es
-F orhunt ingandgat her ing
-F orcul tivat i
on
-F orexchangewi t
hot hercommuni ties( tr
ade)
-Duet ocur iosity
3.Ident i
fyt hef amousAmer i
cans ci ent i
sas soci atedwi tht hei nventi
onoft elephone.
3. -Al exanderGr aham Bel l
4.atet woadvant agesoft heus eofel ectricityi ni ndur iesdur ingt heIndur ialRevol ution.
4.-Wasusedt odr ivemachi nesi ni ndur iesandf act ories
-Wasusedt odr i
veel ect rict r ainsandcar s
-Wasusedt oboi lwat er
-Wasusedt opr ovidel ighti ni ndur ies
-Wasusedf orheat ingandcooki ng
5.atet hemai nf act ort hatl edt ot hegr owt handdevel opmentofJohannes bur g.
5. -Thedi scover yofgol datWi twat er sr andi n1 886
6.Gi veonei mpor t
anceoft heOdwi raf eivali nt heanci entKi ngdom ofAs ante.
6.-I twasdur ingt hef eivalt hatal lOmanhene’ sshowedt hei rloyalt
yt oAsant ehene
-Itgavet hepeopl eachancet ohonourt hedead
-TheAsant ewer eabl et osol vedi sput esamongt hemsel vesdur ingthef eival
-Itenhanceduni tyamongt heAsant eat es/ symbolofuni ty
7.atet woadvant agest hatai rt r ans por thasoverot herf or msoft ranspor t.
7.-Ist hef aemeansoft ranspor t
-Canl andi nanyenvi ronment /ter rain( hel i
copt er)
-Canbeusedt odel iverr elief /emer gencyser vicesf rom t heai r
-Canbeusedi nwar f
ar et ohi tenemyt ar get s
-Can’ tbeaf f
ect edbycongei ons/ tr affi
cj amsandt her eforeconveni ent
8.Ment i
ont wof actor st hathavehi nder edi ndur ializat i
oni nI ndia.
8.-Compet itionf orgoodsf rom devel opedcount ries
-Thegover nmentspendst oomuchmoneyi nf eedi ngherhugepopul ationandgi ving
socialser vices
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-Highpover tyl evel sofherpopul ation
-Lackofef f
icientmeansoft ranspor tandcommuni cation
-Nat uralcal ami tiese. g.cycl ones,dr ought sandf loods
-Politicalconf lict sespeci all
ywi t hnei ghbor i
ngPaki an
-Religi ousconf lictsbet weenHi ndusandMusl i
ms
9.at eoner ategi cf act ort hatl edt ot hes crambl eandpar titionofAf r i
ca.
9.-TheEgypt i
anquei ons–conf l
ictbet weenBr itainandF ranceovert hecont rolofEgyptdue
t
oSuezCanal
-F r
enchact i
vitiesi nt heCongoandWeAf ri
ca
-Theact iviti
esofKi ngLeopol dI IofBel gium
-TheNi l
equei on–Br itainwant edt ocont rolt hesour ceofR.Ni l
e
10.Namet wof or merF r enchcol oni est hatar efoundi ntheI ndi anOcean.
10.–Maur it
ius
-Comor os
-Seychel les
-Madagascar
-Re- union
11.atethenameoft het r eat yt hatSamor iTour es ignedwi tht heF r
enchi n1 886.
11. -Bisandugut r
eat y
12.Identifyt wor eas onswhyt heBr iti
s hadopt eddi r ectr ulet oadmi nierZimbabwe.
12.-Theywant edt oexpl oi tt heavai l
abl emi ner alr esour cesi nt her egion
-Thel ocall eader s( Indi ans)hadr esi edagai nt hem t her ef oretheydi dn’ttrut hem
-Ther ewer emanyEur opeanset tl
er si nZi mbabwewhocoul dwor kasadmi nir
ator
s
-Thecl imat eofZi mbabwewassui tabl ef orEur opeanset tlement
13.Ment iont wowaysi nwhi chWor ldWarI IenhancedNat i
onal i
s minAf ri
ca.
13.-Af r
icanswhof oughti nt hewarwer enotcompensat ed
-Theex- soldier scomebackwi thnewi deas
-Itl edt ot hef or mat ionofU. N. Ot hatwasagai ncol oni alism
-Newgover nment scamet opowert oEur opet hatwer eagai ncolonial
ism e. g.l
abour
par t
y
inBr itain,soci al iacommunipar ti
es
14.ateonef act ort hatmadeU.S.Aent erWor l
dWarIi n1 917.
14.-Theunr erictedsub- mar inewar fareadopt edbyGer many
-TheZi mmer mannl et terur gi ngMexi cangover nmentt oat tackU.S.Afrom t hesouth
-Thepubl i
copi ni oni nU. SAwasi nsuppor toft heAl l
iedpower s
-Thesi nki ngoft heBr i
tishshi p“ Thesusses’t hatcar riedU. Sci t
izens
15.Namet hemaj oror ganofOr gani zationofAf ricanUni ty( O.A.U)
15. -Theassembl yofHeadsofat esandgover nment
16.Identifyt hemai nachi evementoft hePan- Afri
canconf er encehel dinAccr a-Ghanai n1958
16. -I tuni tedt heAf ricannat i
onal i
si nt heAf ri
cansoi lfort hef i
rtime
17.NameonechamberofPar li
amenti nU. S.A
17.-Senat eHouseofRepr esent ation
18.(a)Ident ifyanyf ivef act orst hatf av our edt hedevel opmentofear lyAgricultureinEgypt.
18.a)-Pr esenceofi ndi genouscr ops
-F er til
esoi l( silt)
-I nvent ionofwr iting( Haer ogl yphi cs)
-I nvent ionofi r rigat ionbyuseofRi verNi le
-I nvent ionoft hecal endar
-I ntroduct i
onoft heox- dr awnwoodenpl ough
-Pol iti
calabi l
ityi nEgypt
(b)Expl ainf iveef fect soft hedevel opmentofEar lyAgr icul t
uretomansl i
fe?
18.b)-Ledt oadequat ef oodpr oduct ion
-I ncr easei nhumanpopul ation
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-Specializationinf ieldsl ikeweaving,pot teryandcl ot hmaki ng
-Manwasabl etoeabl i
shper manentset t
lement s
-Ledt ogr owt hofur bancent res
-Riseofsoci o-politi
cali nit
uti
onswhi chgaver iset ogover nment s
-Developmentoft radeduet osurpluspr oduction
-Mandevel opedr eligi onsbel i
efs
19.( a)Apar tfrom coal ,at eanyot herthrees our cesofener gyt hatwasus edinindur i
esi n
Europe
duri
ngI ndur i
alRevol ution.
19.a)–Oi l
-eam
-Electricity
(b)Explainanys ixpr obl emsi nduri
alwor kersf acedi nEur opeaf t
erIndurialRevolution.
19.b)-Theywer epai dl owwagesl eadingt opoorl i
vingcondi ti
ons
-Wer eexposedt over ydanger ousmachi nes,noi seandchemi calswhi chresultedto
inj
uries,acci dent sandevendeat h
-Wer eat tackedbydi seasesl i
ket yphoi d,chol era,dysent er
yandT. B
-Womenandchi ldr ent oil
edinthef act ori
esduet olongwor ki
nghour sdenyi ngt hem
right
t
oleisur eandr e
-Poll
utionoft hewor kingenvironmentduet opoordi sposalofindur i
alwaes
-Theyl i
vedi nover crowdedhouseswher et herewasi nadequat eli
ghtingandpoor
vent ilati
on
-Therewasr iseincr imeduet opoorwagesi nt owns
-Thefact or ywor ker swer enotinsur ed
20.( a)ateanyt hreechar teredcompani est hatEur opeancount riesus edtogetcol oniesi n
Africa
onthei rbehal f.

20.a)-Br iti
shSout hAf ricacompany
-Imper ialBr itishEaAf ricaCompany
-Ther oyalNi gercompany
-Ger maneaAf ri
caCompany
(b)Explainanys i
xSoci o-pol iticalef fect soft hePar t
it
ionofAf ri
caont heAf
ricanpeopl e.
20.b)-Pol iti
calboundar ieswer edr awnbyEur opeanswi thoutconsideri
ngAfri
canet hnicor
t
r i
baldi ri
but i
on
-Afr i
cansl ot hei rpoliticali ndependence
-Afr i
cancul tur ewaser oded
-Introduct i
onofWeer n-educat ionandl anguages
-Ledt ot hef allofsomepower fulAf ricanat ese. g.Asante,Dahomey,Mandi nkaetc
-Lossofl i
vesduet oAf ricanr esi ance
-Intr
oduct i
onofWeer nmedi cine
-Bitt
er nessandhat redoft heEur opeansbyAf ri
cans
-Ledt ot her iseofAf ricanNat ional i
sm andr ugglef orindependence
21.(a)Giveanyt hreer olest hei nter nat ionalcommuni typlayedi ntheatt
ainmentofmaj orit
y
rule
i
nSout hAf rica.
21.a)-Appl icationofeconomi csanct i
onsons.Af rica
-ProvideAf ricanf reedom f ighter swi t
har ms
-Providingt r aininggr oundsf orguer i
ll
af i
ght ers
-Cut t
ingdi plomat ictieswi thS.Af ri
ca
-ExpellingS.Af ri
cafr om i nt ernat i
onalbodi essuchasOAU,commonweal t
he.t.c.
-Financialassi ancet of reedom f ighters
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-Condemni ngapar theidpol i
cyi ntheinternationalf
ora
(b)Expl ainanys ixpr oblemst henat i
onali
si nSout hAfri
cafacedintheirr
uggl
efor
majori
ty
rule.
21.b)-Ar r eanddet entionoft heirleaders
-Pol icearreandbr utali
ty
-Banni ngoft heirpol i
ti
calpar ties
-Inaccessi bil
ityt othepr essownedbyt heate
-Lackofpol iti
calawar enessamongt hepopul ation
-Ethni c/t
ri
baldi fferences
-Lackofenoughf i
nancest omanaget heiraff
airs
-Poorco- ordinat i
onoft heiraffair
sduet oexci tementofsomel eaders
-Lackofvenuest ohol dtheirmeet i
ngs
-Per sonalitydi f
ferencesamongt heleaders
-Di videandr ulet acti
csappl iedbyt hewhi ter egime
22.(a)Ment ionanyt hreecondi ti
onst hatonehadt omeett oacquir
eF r
enchCiti
zens
hipi
n
Senegal

22.a)-Pr acticingF renchr eli

gion,Chr i
ianity/Cat hol
icism
-Mar riedonl yt oonewi fe
-Speaki ngandwr i
tingF renchl anguagef l
uently
-Havi ngser vedi nt heF renchadmi nirationforaper iodoft i
me
(
b)Expl ai
nanys ixr eas onst hatmadet heF rencht oabandont heirpolicyofas si
milat
ion
foranew
pol i
cyofas soci ation.
22.b)-Vacul turaldi ff
er encesbet weent heF r
enchandAf ricans
-Thepol icyunder mi nedt hei rintent ionofexpl oit
ingAf ricaneconomi cresources
-TheF r enchf ear edcompet i
tionf rom Af r i
canassi milatedpeopl e
-Thewhol epr ocesswasver yexpensi vef ortheF rencht ax- payers
-Thet radi tionalAf r i
canr ulesdi dnotwantt oloset heiraut horit
yt otheF r
enchand
assi
mi l
es
-TheMusl imsr efusedt oat temptt of orcet hem t oadoptChr ii
anit
y
-ManyAf ricanswer eacqui ringci tizenshi panddomi nat i
ngt heF renchchamberof
Deput ies( Par li
ament )
-TheAssi mi lesf aceddi scrimi nationi nF r
ance
-Ther i
seofAf ricannat i
onal i
sm andt hequef orindependenceunder minedt hepoli
cy
23.(a)ateanyf ivepol i
ticalcaus esofWor ldWarI .
23.a)-Thesyem ofal l
iances
-Thear msr ace
-TheF r anco- Pr ussi anwar /needf orr evenge
-Colonialr ivalries
-Thef i
rMor occancr i
sis
-The2nd Mor occancr i
sis
-National ism i nt he
-Balkans/ Bal kanwar s
-RiseofNat ionalism i nEur ope
-TheI talo–Tur kishcol onialdi sputeoverLi bya
-Assassi nat ionofF r anzF er dinandi nSar ajevo
(
b)Expl ai
nanyf i
veeconomi cef fectsofWor l
dWarI I.
23.b)-Al otofpr oper t
ywasder oyede. g.indur yandi nfraructure-leadingt oeconomi cruin
ofmocount r i
es
-Lar geamount sofmoneywer eusedi nt hewarandt hi
ssl oweddowneconomi c
development
F
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-ThewarendedEur ope’ seconomi cdomi nat ionoft her eoft hewor ld.
-Warcr eat edunempl oyment/ Tr ade,agr i
cult ureandi ndur y’swer edi srupted
-Ledt ot hedevel opmentofengi neer inge. g.bui l
dingofbr idges,ai r por ts,aircr aft
s
e.t.
c.i mul at edgr owt hofmi lit
aryi ndur y
24.( a)I dent i
fyt hreet hi rdWor ldl eader swhos pear headedt hef ormat ionofNonAl igned
Movement .
24.a-Jawahar lall alNehr uofI ndia
-F ukamoofI ndonesi a
-Mar shalTi toofYugosl avi a
-GamalAbdelNasserofEgypt
-Chou- En- LaiofChi na
(b)Expl ainanys i
xachi evement sofCOMESA.
24.b)-Haseabl i
shedawi dermar ket ,mor ehar moni zedandcompet iti
vei nt her egion
-Enhancedgr eat erpr oduct ivityandcompet itivenessamongt hepr oduct ion
-I ncr easedagr i
cul tur alpr oduct ionandf oodsecur it
yamongmember s
-Encour agedamor er at ionalexpl oi tationofnat uralr esour cesbyt hemember s
-Devel opedamor ehar moni zedmonet ar yandbanki ngpol icies
-Devel opedamor eef ficientandr el iabl et ranspor tandcommuni cationi nfr
ar uct ur
e
-r engt henedRegi onalCor por at i
onbet weent heember sat es
1.Giveoner eas onwhyHomoHabi l
iswasr ef er redt oas“ abl eman”
1.i
)Hehadt heabi lityt owor k
2.atet womet hodsus edbyEar lymant of indf ooddur ingt heOl doneAgeper i
od
2.i)hunt i
ng
i
i)gat her ing
3.Ident ifyonear eai nAf r icawher eAgr icultur ebegan
3.i)Egypt
4.Gi vet wof act or swhi c hs houl dbecons ider edwhens endingames s age
4. i)Theavai labilityofmeansofcommuni cation.
ii)Theur gencyoft hemessage
iii)Thecoofsendi ngt hemessage.
iv)Thef aerwayofsendi ngt hemessage
5.Ident ifyt woear lys our cesofener gy
5.–wi nd
-
wat er
-
wood
6.Ident ifyt wof act orst hatl edt ot hegr owt hofAt hensasanear lyur bancent re
6. i)secur i
ty
ii)Commer cialact ivitieswi t
hot hercount ries
iii)Rel i
gi ousact ivities
iv)Accessi bi li
tyandcommuni cationnet wor k
v)Avai l
abi li
tyofwat er
7.Gi vet wodi s advant agesofus ingcoalasas our ceofi ndur ialener gydur ingt he1 9th century
7. i)itwaspol l
utant
ii)I tder oyedr oof ingmat er i
al s
iii)itwasbul kyandexpensi vet ot ranspor t.
iv)Mi ni ngofcoalwasr i
sky/ expensi vet omi ne
v) itcausedr espi rat or ydi seases
vi)Indur i
eshadt obel ocat edneart hesour cet omi nimizet ranspor tationcos
8.Gi vet wowayst hroughwhi cht radecont ribut edt ot her iseoft heAs anteKi ngdom i nt he
18C
i)Thr ought radewi thnei ghbour st heAsant ewer eabl et ogetal otofr evenuet hatled
to
thegr owt hoft heki ngdom
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ii)Asant eacqui redi temsl ikef i
rear mswhi cht heyusedt oexpandt heki ngdom.
iii
)I tenhancesexpl oit ationofnat uralandagr icul
turalr esour ceswhi chf et chedt he
kingdom a
lotofr evenue.
iv)Thegol dmi nedi nAsant epr ovidedal otofweal t
hacqui redf rom Tr ans- Atlant i
c
trade
madet heki ngdom t oexpand
9.I dent ifyt woEur opeanpower st hatacqui redcol oniesi nAf rica
9. i)Br itish
ii)Ger man
iii
)F rance
iv)Por tugal
v)I taly
vi)Bel gium
vii)Dut ch
10.I dent ifyt hei mmedi at ecaus eoft heF irWor ldWar
10.i )Assassi nat ionofAr chdukeF ranzF er dinandofAur i
aandhi swi feinSar ajevo
11.ateoneachi evementofPan- Afr i
cabet ween1 945and1 963
11. i)Pr omot ednat ional ism andat tainmentofi ndependencef orAf ricanat es.
ii)itencour agedcooper at i
onamongAf ricanl eader sandat est owar dsdecol oni zation.
iii
)F orer unnerofOAU
iv)Cr eat edAf r
icanuni ty.
v)Pr ovi dedf or um f orAf r
icanpeopl estdi scusscommonpr oblemswi thonevoi ce
12.Nameonepr obl em whi chf acedLeagueofNat ions
12. i)Inabi lityt oset tledi sput ebet weenmemberat es.
ii)Lackofmi l
it
ar yr engt hwi thwhi cht oimpl ementi tsobj ect ives.
iii
)Lackofadequat ef unds
iv)Lackofsuppor tandcommi t
mentbymaj orpower se. g.USA
v)Nat i
onal iambi tionsamongcount ries
vi)Re- ar mant/ ar msr ace
13.Namet heUNs ecret ar y–Gener alwhoper ishedi napl anecr as hi ntheCongoi n1 961whi l
e
tryingt os olvet heCongocr i
sis
13. -DagHammar skf old NYR
14.Gi veonedi sadvant ageofaf eder alsyem ofgover nment
14. i)Someat esar eendowedwi thmor eeconomi cr esour cest hanot hers
ii)Inadequat eut il
izat ionandal locat i
onofr esour cesmayl eadt odi spar itiesi n
at edevel opment .
15.Def inei ndi rectr ulepol icyasus edbyt heBr iti
s ht oadmi nierhercol oniesi nAf ri
ca
15.i)i tr efer st ot heBr itishcol oni aladmi nirati
onpol i
cywher et heyr etainedt heexi ing
indi genous admi ni rativesyemsandr uler sbutunderBr itishdi r
ect i
vesi npur sui tof
thei rcol oni ali nter e
16.Gi veoneeconomi cf act orwhi chencour agedEur opeanst opar titionAf ricai nt he1 9th C
16. i )Needf orr awmat er ialsf ort heiri nduries
ii)Sear chf ormar ket sf ort hei rmanuf actur edgoods
iii
)Desi rebyr ichi ndur ialist oinvet heirsur pluscapi tal
17.Namet hecapt ainwhowasi nchar geofpl anni ngf orthecent ralpower sdur ingt heF i
r
Wor ld
War
17 .-VonSchl ieff
en
18.( a)Gi vef i
vewaysi nwhi cht heAgr ari
anr evol utioni nEngl andaf f
ectedt hel ivesofs mal l
scal efar mer s
18.a) i )Theencl osur esyem f orcedpeopl et omi grat etoot hercount iese. g.S
Af r
ica,Amer i
ca
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ii)Useofmachi nesf or cedmanypeopl et omoveast heywer er enderedr edundant
iii
)Enoughf oodwaspr oducedt of eedt heur banpopul ati
on
iv)Encl osur esyem f orcedpeopl et omi grat ef rom r uraltour bancent ers
v)Manyoft hem l ot hei rl andt ot her ich
vi)Manyoft hem wer ebi tt erf orl osi ngt hei rland
(b)Expl ai ns ixf actor swhi chpr omot edpl ant ationf armi nginEur opedur i
ngt heAgr ar
ian
revol ut i
on
18.b)i )I nvent ionofmachi nese. g.seeddr i
lli ronpl ough
ii)Di scover yoff ertilizer s
iii
)Di scover yofpei ci desandi nsect icides
iv)I mpr ovementoft ranspor te. g.r ailway
v)Hi ghdemandf orf oodbyr apidpopul ationgr owt hi nur bancent ers
vi)Demandf oragr icul tur alr awmat erial si ndur ies
vi)Recl amat ionofwael ands
vii)Devel opmentofnewbr eedsofcr opsandani mal s
19.(a)Gi vet hr eer eas onswhyLewani kacol labor atedwi tht heBr it
ishdur i
ngt hecol oni
zati
on
ofAf rica
19.a)i )Hewant edt ocent ral i
zedhi spowermor et hant heKol olohaddone
ii)Hewasgr eat lyi nfluencedbymi ssionar ieshencebenef i
tmor ef r
om t heweer n
educat ionandmedi calf aci li
t i
es
iii
)Hewant edt obepr ot ect edbyt heBr iti
sh
iv)Hewant edt opr omot et r adebet weenhi speopl eandt heBr i
ti
sh
v)Hewast hr eat enedbyt hePor tugueset ot heea,t heBoer st otheweandt he
Ger mans
tot henor th
(b)Expl ai ns ixef fect soft heBr itishNdebel ewarof1 893
19.b)i )TheBr itishoccupi edMashonal and
ii)TheNdebel ewer epushedt ot her eser vesofGwaaiandShangai
iii
)Theywer esubj ect edt of or cedl abour sandt axat i
on
iv)TheBr itishconf iscat edNdebel ecat tle
v)Manypeopl el ot hei rl i
vesdur ingwar
vi)Thewarcr eat edhoi l
it ybet weent heAf ri
cansandEur opeanswhi chlaterl edto
t
heChi mur engawar
vii)TheNdebel ewer edef eat edandl ot hei rindependence
viii)Thedi sr upt ionoff ar mi ngandot hereconomi cact i
vit
iesl edtof amine
ix)Mi ssi onar i
eshadf reedom t ospr eadt hei rfaithaspeopl el oconfidencei nt heir
tradit
ional
rel igion
x)Lobengul aandcommi ttedsui cidei n1 894
20.( a)Gi vet hr eef unct ionsofBugandat radi tionalpar li
ament
20.a) i )F or mul at et hel aws
ii)Advi cet heKabakaonmat tersaf fect ingt hecount ry
iii
)Di rect edt hecol lect ionoft axes
iv)Pl annedt heexpendi t ur e
v)Repr esent edt hepeopl esneedst ot heKabaka
vi)Set tledast hef inalcour tofappeal
(b)Des cr ibet hepol i
ticalor gani zat ionoft heAs ant eEmpi r
edur i
ngt hepr e-colonial
period
20.b) i )TheAsant ehenewast heheadoft heat eandt hegover nment
ii)Theki ngdom wasdi videdi nt oVassalat eheadedbyOmanhene
iii
)Al lat epai dt axest oAsant ehene
iv)TheAsant eki ngdom hadaandi ngar mywhi chwascomposedofal lmenf rom the
Asant e
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kingdom
v)TheAsant ehenewast heheadoft hear my
vi)Ther ewasanat ionalf ei valownasOdwi raf eivalwher eOmanhenesassembl ed
ever yyeari nKumose
21.(a)Namet hreear easwher et heUNhasi nter venedt or eor epeace
21.a) i )Sout handNor t
hKor ea
ii)DRC
iii
)I raq
iv)I ran
v)Sudan
(b)Di scus sf ivewaysi nwhi cht heUNhasat tempt edt opr omot epeacei nt hewor ld
i)UNpeacekeepi ngf or cehavebeensentt oconf li
ctar east okeeppeace
ii)UNobser ver s,medi ator s,speci alenvoysandr epr esent ativesnegot i
atedbet ween
opposi nggr oups
iii
)UNi mposedsanct ionsagai nat et hatdef yi tsr esol utions
iv)I nter nat i
onalcour tofj ui ceset tl
esdi sput esamongmember s
v)UNpl aysar olei nsi gni ngsever alar mscont rolagr eement s
vi)UNput si npl aceconf lictr esolut i
onsmechani cst oper suadeopposi ngpar t i
esto
negot iatef orpeace
22.( a)Lif i
vef unct ionsoft hepr es i
dentofUni tedat esofAmer i
ca
22.a) i )Headofat e
ii)Appoi ntcabi netmi nir iesandseni orci vilser vant swi thappr ovalofcongr ess
iii
)Commanderi nchi efoft hear my
iv)Pr esidesovert heopeni ngoft hecongr ess
v)Chai r scabi netmeet ings
vi)Appoi ntt heSupr emeCour tjudgesi ncl udi ngt hechi efj ui
ce
vii)Gui desandcont rol sf or ei gnaf fairs
(b)Expl ainf i
veadvant agesofaf eder als yem ofGover nmenti nU. S.
A
22.b) i )Inter eedandr ight sosmal latear esaf eguar ded
ii)Enabl essmal latet ol i
vet oget herandatt hesamet i
memai ntai
ningt heirseparate
entiti
es
iii
)Smal lerat ei sdef endedandenj oysgr eat ersecur i
tyt hanwhenl ef
tint heirown
iv)I tbr ingsr esour cest oget herf ort hecommongood.
v)Br ingsat et oget hert ospeakwi t
honecommonvoi ce
vi)I tenhancest r adeamongat ebyr emovi ngt axes
vii)at ear eabl et ot ackl et hei rcommonpr obl emst oget here. g.pollut
iont errori
sm etc
viii)Ther ei sf r eedom ofmovementwi thi nUSAacr osst heat e
23.( a)I dent if
yf iver eas onsf ort hef or mat ionoft heNOA- alignedmovement
23.a) i )Tof ightf ordecol oni zat ionofdevel opmentcount ries
ii)Towor kf ordi sarmamentofsuperpower s
iii
)Tosaf eguar dt hesovei gni tyofmemberat es
iv)Tof ightr aci sm
v)Todi scour agemi li
t aryal l
iancesadvocat ebysuperpower s
vi)Topur sueani ndependentco- peacef ulco- exi enceamongmember s
vii)Makef undsavai labl ef ori mpr ovementofagr icul t
ur et oensur eincreasedf ood
product ion
(b)Expl aint hef act orst hathaveunder mi nedt heact iviti
esoft heNon- al
ignedmovement

23.b) i )Pol
it
icalinabil
ityamongmember s’ates
ii)Conti
nuityt i
eswi thcoloni
almaershencecannotpursuei
ndependentpol
icy
iii
)Borderdi sputesamongmember satecont
inues
iv)Confli
ctsofi nteree.g.non-al
ignmentmember sar
emembersofot heror
ganizat
ions
v)Lackoff inancef oroperati
ons
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vi)Lackofhi sownar myt oreinf orcei tsr esoluti
ons
vii)Endofcol dwarhasdeabi li
zet hemovement
viii)Nat ionali nter esofsomecount ri
eshavef ail
edt oagr eewi ththeobj ecti
vesofNAM
ix)I deol ogicaldi ff
er encessomei ncli
nedt owar dscapi tal
ism andot herscommuni sm
24.(a)Whydi dt heBr it
is hadopti ndirectr uleinNor thernNi ger ia
24.a) i )Itr educesr esi ancet ocol onialr ulebecauseAf ri
canswer er uledbyl ocalrules
ii)Eur opeanswer ei gnor antofAf ri
canl anguageandcul ture
iii
)Poort ranspor tandcommuni cat i
onnet wor k
iv)Ther ewasal r
eadyawel leabl i
shedsyem ofgover nmenti nnorthernNi geri
abased
inI slam
v)I twasl essexpensi ve
vi)Eur opeanadmi nirationwasf ew
(b)Expl aint heef fectofi ndirectr ulei nNi ger i
a
24.b) i )Hel pedi nt hepr eser vati
onoft heAf ricancul ture
ii)Ithel pedi nmoder ni zi
ngnor ther nNi ger i
a,e. g.newschool s,hospit
alet c
iii
)Nor ther nNi ger iar emai nedbackwar dandconser vativebecauseMusl i
msdi d
notaccommodat echange
iv)Rol eofAf r
icanl eader schangede. g.theycol lectedt axesandr ecruitedforced
l
abours
hencet heywer er esent ed.
v)Af r
icanchi efsdi dnotgi veat tent i
ont ounf ami l
iarideas
vi)I ttookl ongt oeducat eAfricancr isis
vii)Thepol icywasopposedbyt heel ite
viii)Indi genoussyem ofadmi nirat i
onandj uicewasmoder nizedbyt heBr iti
sh

1.Whatisor alt r
adi tionasas our ceofinfor
mationonhi oryandgover nment
1.Acqui
ringofhi or i
cali nfor mat ionthroughcuoms,beliefscult
uralpract
ices/i
deaspassed
onfrom onegener ationt oanot herbywor dofmout h
2.Ident
if
yonemet hodus edbyear lymant of
indfooddur i
ngt heoneAgeper iod
2. - Gat her ingf r
ui ts/veget ables/honey/beekeepi ng
- Hunt ingani mal s
- Diggi ngupr oot s
- Fishi ng
- Cr opgr owi ng
- Liveockkeepi ng/domei cat i
onofanimals
3.ateonemet hodofdat ingf os si
ls
3. –Radiocar bondat ing
- Pot assi um ar gondat ing
- ratigr aphy
- Pal eomagnet i
cmet hod
- Useofgeol ogi cal/per i
ods
- Itshor tenedsear oot /trader out
es
- Incr easei ni nt ernat ionalt r
ade
4.Namet woagr icultur alpr acticesus edinEuropebeforet heagrar
ianrevolut
ion

4. –Shif
ti
ngcul ti
vati
on
- Opent i
hosyem/r ipsyem
- Smal lscale/subsi
encefarming
- Inter
croppi ng
- Us eofsi mpleagri
cul
turali
mplement
s-i
cks,hoes
5.Gi
veoneef fectoftheconructi
onofSuezandPanamacanal
s

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cesCal
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5. -Itshortenedsearoot /tr
aderoutes
-
Increaseinint
ernationaltr
ade
6.I
denti
fytwodi s
advantagesofancientf
ormsofcommuni
cat
ion

6. – Menacecoul donl yber elayedf oral imiteddiance

- Messenger swoul df or
get /dior tt hemessage
- Consumedal otoft ime/t iresome
- Coul dbeaf f
ectedbyweat here. g.fi
r esignals
- Notsecr eti
vef orms
- Mes sagemaynotr eacht her eci pient
7.Whatwast hemai ncommodi tyoft r adedur ingthetriangulartr
ade
7. –Sl aves
8.Giveoner eas ont hatl edt ot hecol laps eofMer oeasanear lyurbancent
re
8. – Col lapseofagr i
culturalact iviti
es
- Reducedt radingact iviti
es
- Exter nalattacksf r
om t heki ngdom ofAxum-i nsecurit
y
- Depl et i
onofmi ner al
s-i ronor e
- Eff
ect sofdr ought /deser tif
icat i
on
9.Identi
fyanyt wos ocialcaus esf ort hes crambleandpar ti
ti
onofAf ri
ca
9. – Tohel pendsl avet rade
- Tospr eadChr iianity
- Toci vili
zeAf ri
cans
- Tosur pluspopul ation
- Raci sm
10.Giveoner eas onwhyt heBr iti
shus eddi r ectruleinZimbabwe

1
0. - Hadal ar
gesett
lerpopul at
ion
- Ther
ewasr ongr esi
ancefrom thenatives
- Ther
ewassever alautonomous/independentchief
doms
- Zi
mbabwehadavar esourcebase/mi neral
s
1
1.I
dent
if
yonemet hodusedbyt heFrenchtoadmi niert
heircol
oni
esi
nAf
ri
ca

1
1. - Assi
milati
on
- Associ at
ion
1
2.at
etherol
eofthe“ gol
denool
”intheAs ant
eki ngdom dur
ingt 9th cent
he1 ury
1
2. - Ituni
tedt hepeopl
e/asymbolofnat i
onalunity
1
3.I
dent
if
ytwoEuropeanpower sthatacqui
redcoloniesi
nAf r
ica

1
3. –Ger many
- Brit
ain
- French
- Portuguese
- Spain
- It
aly
- Belgium
1
4.Gi
vethethreetheori
est
hatexpl
aint
heor
igi
nofman

1
4. -Evoluti
ont heor y
- Creati
ont heor y
- Mythical/traditi
onaltheor
y
1
5.Gi
vetwoaimsofUni tedNat i
onsOr gani
sat
ion(UNO)
1
5. -Maintain/suai nwor l
dpeace/securit
y
- Promot eint ernati
onalcooperat
ion
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- Ensur eobser vanceofbasi chumanr i
ghts/di
gnity
- Devel opf ai
reconomi csocio-cul turalandpoli
ticalcondi
ti
ontoi
mprovehuman
rel
ation
- Pr omotei nter nationalequali
ty,recogni zinghumanval uesbyi
mprovi
ngsoci
al
andenvironment alconditi
ons
- Devel opf ri
endl yr elat
ionsamongnat ions
- Pr eventtheoccur anceofanot herwar
- Pr otectthei nt er
esofmi nori
tygr oups
- Pr omoteeconomi cdevelopmentamongmemberat es
- Tor epl
acet hecol lapsedleagueofnat i
on
- Pr omotecooper ationinsolvingi nternati
onalchall
enges
1
6.Whoistheheadoft hecommonweal thuni ty
1
6. - Queen/ king/ Briti
shmonar ch
1
7.Nametwofoundermember sofPanAf r
icanMovement

1
7. - Mar cuscar vey
- WEBduboi s
- BookerT.Washi ngt on
- Geor gePadmor e
- KwameNkr umah
- Leopol dSenghor
1
8.a)Givethreefactor swhi chf acil
itatedt heNeol i
thi cRevol ut i
on
1
8.a) - Devel opmentofi mpr ovedt ool s
- Changesi ncl imat iccondi t i
onsr esul tedi nar idhencef oodshor tages
- Hunt i
ng/gat her i
ngwasbecomi ngi ncr easi nglyt iresome/unr eli
able
- Devel opmentofsedent ary/set tl
edl i
fe
- Increasei nhumanpopul at ion
- Availabilityofavar ietyofseeds
- Someani mal swer efoundt obef riendl y-cat ,dog
- Somehunt edani mal sgat her edpl ant sbecameext inct
b)Whatweret heef f
ect soft hedevel opmentofear l
yAgr iculturei nMes opotami a
1
8.b) - Pr oduct ionofadequat ef oodf ort hepeopl e
- Adequat ef oodpr oduct ionl edt oani ncreasei npopul at i
on
- Encour agedpeopl etoeabl ishper manentset tlement s
- Ledt oeabl ishment /gr owt hofper manentset tlement se. g.ur
- Ledt oj obspeci ali
zation/di visionofl abore. g.pot t
er y,basket r
y,tr ading,
admi niration
- Ledt osoci alr atif
icationi .e.emer genceofsoci alcl assesi nsoci ety
- Ledt odevel opmentoft r adeaspeopl esoldsur pluspr oduct s
- Devel opmentofasyem ofgover nment
- Needt okeepr ecordsonagr iculturalact i
viti
esl edt odevel opmentofwr it
ing/
educat ion
- Ledt odevel opmentofr eligion/r eligionbel i
ef s
- Ledt obui ldi ngofor es/gr anar ies
-Needf ort ranspor tledt ot hei ntroduct i
onoft hewheel
1
9.a)Whatfivefactorsenabl edBr i
taint ot aket hel eadi nindur ialt akeof ffrom 1750’ s
1
9a) -Earlysci ent ifi
ci nvent i
onsi nBr itainl aidthef oundat ionfori ndur i
alt akeoff
- Massi veweal thhadaccumul atedweal thfr om hert radingempi re/col onies
- Col oni alpossessi on-col oni esi nAf ri
ca/Indi apr ovidedt henecessar yraw
mat erials/mar ketf ori ndur iali
zat ion
- Mi ner alr esour cebase-hadhugemi neraldeposi ts
- Agr ar i
anr evol uti
on-t heagr arianchangeshadgr eatinfluenceoni ts
i
ndur ializat ion
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- Lar gepopul at i
onpr ovi dedar eadymar ketf ori ndur ialgoods
- Tr anspor t/communi cat i
on-hadwel ldevel opedi nfraruct ur e
- Navalf orces-usedhernavyt ogai nsear oute/pr otecti tsmer chant si n
tradi ngpor ts
- Sl avel abor -Cheap/easi lyavai l
abl el aborf or cef rom sl aves
- F inanci alser vices-Hadwel leabl i
shedbanki ng/i nsur ancesyem t opr ovide
loans/secur it
yf ori nveor s
- Gover nmentabi l
ity-hadl ongper iodofpol it
icalabi l
ity
- Cot tagei ndur y-pr ovi dedt hebasi cf ori ndur ialtakeof f
- Ski ll
edl abor -hadwel ltrainedmanagement /t echni calper sonnel
- Gover nmentpol i
cy- Encour agedaf ree/ openmar keteconomyf ori ndividual/
privat esect ori nvement
- Ener gysour ces-hadr eliable/adequat eener gysour ces-HEP,nucl ear,
atomi c
b)Expl
ainf
ives oci aleffect sofi ndur ialrevol utioni nEur ope
19.b) - Cr eatednewsoci algr oups/soci alr at i
fi
cat i
on
- Ledt or ural-ur banmi gr ationi nsear chf orempl oyment /bet terwages/l i
ving
andar ds
- Ledt opopul ationexpl osi on/gr owt hasar esultofadequat ef oodsuppl yand
impr ovedmedi calser vi ces
- Shor tageofhousi ngi nt ownsl edt oincr easei npopul at ionhence
devel opmentofsl ums,poorsani t
ation
- Growt hofpamper ism/r eetl i
fe/beggi ngduet ounempl oymenti nt owns
- Highi ncidencesofchi ld/womenl abor
- Environment aldegr adat i
on-soundai randwat erpol lutionf rom indur i
al
effi
cient
20.a)Identi
fyf
ivebas icchar act eri
icsoft heF renchpol icyofAs si
mi lation
20.
a) - Encul t
ural izedt hecol onizedpeopl ei ntoF r enchcul t ure
- Col oni eswer er egar dedaspar tofF rance/over seascommuni ties
- Itt ur nedAf r i
cansi ntobl ackF r enchman
- Intr oducedt heF rencheducat i
onsyem ast heuseofF renchast heof f
icial
l
anguageofcommuni cation
- Us eofcommonl egalsyem/l awswer emadei nF rance
b)Whatmet hodswer eus edbyt heF r
encht os uppr es sAl ger ianNat ionalism

20.b) - Ar
re/tort
ureandhar assmentofAf ri
cannat ional
is
- Want onkill
ing/eliminati
onofnat ionalisupporters
- Useofdi vide/r ul
epolicy
- Exil
ingofnat i
onalisofALHAJIt oF rance
- Ali
enationoff erti
lecoaallandssoast omakeAl ger
ianslandl
ess
- DenyingAl geriansvotingrights/par t
ici
pat i
oninpoliti
cs
- Useoff orce/massconscr i
ptiontogetl aborforce

21
a)Ident
if
ythethreet ypesoft rade
21
.a) -Localt rade
- Regi onaltrade
- Internationalt r
ade
b)Descri
betheOr ganizationoft heTrans-
saharantrade
21
.b) Theweal thymer chantsi ntheNorthprovi
dedf undsf
orthecar
avans
- Thecar avanl eader sassembledthegoodst hatwer
eindemandinWeer
n
Sudane. g.sal t
,clokes,horses,gums,weapons
- Thecar avanscol lectedthebasicrequirementsf
orthej
ourney
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- Thetrader straveledinaconvoy/car avanst hr ought hedeser t
- Theguideschar gedt hecar avansanomi nalfeef ortheser vi
cesr endered
- Localagent sinW. Sudanact edasi nt
ermedi ariesforef f
ecti
ve
communi cation
- Thetrader sgavesi th/tr
ibut est ot her ulersofW. Sudan/kingofW.Sudan
atessuppor tedtrade
- Goodsf r
om Weer nSudani ncl udedkol anut s,sl aves,gold,hides,iron
- Thetradewasconduct edt hr oughbar ter
- Therewer et hreet r
ader out esl inkingN.Af ricaandSudan
- Tradeinvolvedpeopl eofN.Af ri
caandt hoseofW.Af ri
ca
- Thecamelwasusedt otranspor tt hegoods
- Responsesshoul dbei npr ose
22.a)Gi
vet
hreetermsoft heVer sail
lestreatyof1 919
22.a) - Germanywasmadet osur r
enderal lherover seascol oni
est othel eagueof
Nati
on

- Ger manywasf or cedt opayf orwardamages

- Ger manyl ohert er ri
tori
esi nEur opet ot heal l
iedpower s/Al saceand
Lorraine
- Shewasr equi redt oreducehermi l
itaryr engt h/Disar m-r educet o
100,000sol di
er s/Ai rforcedi sbanded
- Ger manywasr equi redt or eleaseal lalli
edpr isoner sofwar
- Al lgover nmentf orcesWeofRi verRhi newer ewi thdr awnf rom Bel gium/
Poland
- Pr oposedf ort hef ormationofLeagueofNat ions
- Ther ewast obenouni t
ybet weenGer manyandAur alia
b)Explai
nther easonsbehi ndt hedef eatoft hecent ralpower sduringWor ldWar1
22.b) - Thef orcesoft heal liedpower sout number edt hoseoft hecent ralpower s
- Theal li
edpower shadr ongerweaponscompar edt ot hecent ral
power s
- Theal li
edpower srecei vedsuppor tfrom ot hercount r i
eswhi ch
booedt heirabi l
it
yi nwar
- Thenavyoft heal li
edpower swassuper iortot heoneoft hecent ral
power sandt herebybl ockedt heseast huscut tingof fsuppl i
esf or
thecent r
alpower s
- Ger manywasdeser tedbysomeofhersuppor tersi nt hel ateryear s
oft hewarandhadt of ightsi nglehandedl y
- Theent ryofUSAi n1 917booedt her engt hoft heal l
iedpower s
- Ther ewaspol iti
calunr e/i nabilityinGer manywhi chaf fectedher
mi l
itaryr engt h/
- F ai
lureofVonSchr effenpl an/del ayedat tackson F rancet hrough
Bel gium
- Towar dsendofwar ,Ger manyusedyoung/i nexper i
encedsol di
er s
- Al l
iedpol iti
cal /mi li
taryl eader swer emor eexper ienced/compet ent
inwart hant hoseoft hecent ralpower se. g.GenF otch
- TheSpani shweakenedt hesol diersoft hecent ralpower s
- Responseshoul dbei npose
23.a)Ident
if
ythreeAf ri
cangr ievancesagai nt hewhi temi noritygover nmenti nSout hAfr i
ca
between1900and1 945
23.a) -Removalofr acialsegr egat i
on
- Uni fi
cat i
onofal ltheet hnicgr oupsi nS.Af rica
- Removaloft heBant uanpol icy/l andal ienat i
ont obescr apped
- Passl awst ober emoved/f reedom ofmovement
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eEr
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- Tohaveaf airshar eoft heeconomi cweal thofS.Af rica
- Pol i
ticalequal i
ty/Af ri
canr epr esent ati
oni npar li
ament
- Needf orci vilr ight sf oral lracesi nS.Af ri
ca
- Recogni ti
on/def enceofAf ricandi gni t
y/r emovalofmaerser vantact
b)Explai
nt her eact ionoft hewhi t emi nor itygover nmentt othenat i
onal idemandsi n
South
Afri
cadur i
ngt he20th cent ur y
23.b) - Ar reofdemonr at ion/char gingt hem i ncour ts
- Li fei mpr isonment /del et ionwi thoutt rial
se. g.N.Mandel a
- Openf ire-massacr eofdemonr ator se. g.t heShar psvill
emassacr eof1 900
- Out lawi ng/banni ngofpol iticalpar ties/gr oups
- Decl ar ationofat eofemer genci es
- Banni ngsoci algr oups/t radeuni ons/j our naliassoci ationandcr i
tical
newspaper s
- Mas sivepr esscensor shi p
24.a)Givet hreer eas onswhyPanAf ricanmovementwasnotr ongi nAf ri
cabef or e1945
24.a) - Af ri
canr epr esent ativesi nt hemovementwer ever yf ewbef ore1 945
- Col oni algover nmentsuppr essedanyf orofopposi ti
ont ot hei r
gover nment si nt hecont inent
- Eur opeanpower suseddi videandr ul
epol i
cyt oi solat eAf ricansf rom
differ entcol oni eshencenocooper ation/communi cation
- Di ffer entAf ricansi ndi ffer entcol oni esonl yengagedi ni ssuesof
par ticul ari nt er e/concer nt ot hem/speci f
icdemandsover shadowed
cont inent alone
- Li ttle/ Noat tent ionpai dt oi tbyt het woAf ri
canat est hatwer e
not col oni zedi .e.Et hiopi a&Li ber ia
- Af r i
cansi nt hecont i
nenthadnomachi neryt ocommuni cat eideas
acr osst hecont inent
b)Dis cusss i
xachi evement sofOAUs incei tsincept ion
24.b) - Haspr ovi dedausef ulfor um f orindependentAf ricanat est o
air
thei rvi ewswi th onevoi ce
- Hashel pedt oset tlebor derdi sputesbet weenmemberat esof
KenyavsSomal ia,Et hi opi avsSomal i
s,ChadvsLi bya
- Hashel pedAf ri
cannat ional isbot hmor all
yandmat er i
al l
yi nt he
fight /pur sui tfori ndependence
- Hasat tempt edt ouni teAf r i
cansdespi tet heirdifferent /
het erogenousbackgr ounds/f oerhar moni ousr elat i
ons
- Hast riedt oi mpr ovecommuni cationnet wor kinAf ri
cae. g.PANA,
PanAf r i
canPoalUni on( PAPU) ,PanAf ri
canTel ecommuni cation
Uni on( PATU)e. t.c.
- Hasassi edAf r
icar efugesbot hmor allyandmat erially
- Champi onedeconomi csanct ionsagai nr aciS.Af ri
cawhi chswept
awayApar thei dpol i
cyi n1 994
-Hel pedt ol iber at et erritor iest hatwer ei l
lundercol oni aloppr ession-
Er adicat ionofcol oni alism
1.Giveones hor tcomi ngofus ingwr ittenr ecor dsasas ourceofHi ory
1. -Maybeunr eliable
-Maybemi si nter pret ed
-Limitedt ol iteratepeopl e
-Acqui ri
ngwr ittenr ecor dmaybeexpensi ve
-Timeconsumi ng
-Maybebi ased
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2.atetwomet hodsus edbyar cheol ogist odat ef oss i
ls
2. -Fissiont rack
-Lexi co-at iic
-atiicaldat ing
-ratigr aphy
-Pot assi um ar gon
-Radi o–car bon
-Geol ogicalper i
od
3.Identif
yt wopar tst hatwer eus eddur i
ngt heTr ans -Atlanti
cs lavet r
ade
3. -Por tNovo
-Elmi na
-Lagos
-whydah
4.atetwochangest hatmar kedt heagr arianr evolutioni nBr i
tain
4. -Abol itionoff all
ows
-Appl icat ionofnewmet hodsoff armi ng
-Useofmachi nesl iket ractors
-Appl icat ionofsci ent i
ficpr i
nci pl
eoff armi ng
-Inter croppi ng
-Landencl osur esyem
5.Givet wor eas onst hatmademant odevel opt rade
5. -Tosat i
sfyhi sneeds
-Unequaldi ributionofr esour cesf orhumanl ife
-Scar ci tyofr esour ces
6.atetwodi s advant agesofhumanpat ronage
6. –Cumber some
-slow
-Tiresome
-Canonl ycar r ylimi tedquant ityofgoodsatapar ti
culart i
me
7.atetwoi mpor tanceofwr i
ttenmes sagesoverver bal
7. –Theypr ovider eliabl einfor mat i
ont hatcannoteasi l
ybef orgott
en
-Infor mat ioni sor edi nt hatfor mf oral ongerper iod
-Themessagei nmocasesi saccur at e
-Infor mat ioncanbei nter pretedi nt odi fferentl anguagessot hati
tcoul
dbeaccessible
tomany
8.Namet woi nvent ionst hati mpr ovedt het ext ilemanuf acturingi nduryinBr
it
ainint
he18th C
8. -Theshut tl
e–JohnKay
-Wat erf rame–Ri char dAr kwr ight
-Spi nni ngJenny–SamuelCr ompt on
-eam powerl oom –EdmundCar twr ight
-Cot tongi n–El iWhi tney
9.atetwof act orst hatl edt othegr owt hofMer oet own
9. –Abundant -woodf uelusedf orsmel tingi ron
-rategi cal lylocat edati ntersect i
onofdi f
ferentt ranspor tandcommuni cat
ionl
ine
-Locat ednar egi onwhosesoi lwasr ichi ni ron
10.Litwof unct i
onsofLukukui nBugandaKi ngdom
10. –Makel aws
-Advi seKabaka
-Givet axdi rect i
onont axcol lectionandexpendi ture
-Settledi sput esi nt heKi ngdom
-Hel pKabakai nt hegener aladmi nirat i
on
-F i
nalcour tofappeal
11
.Whywast heBer li
nc onf erencecal led?
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11.-Toaver tful lscal ewarofEur opeansoverAf rica
-Tosetf ort hepar tition
-Toendt hedi sor gnani sedscr ambl eofAf rica
12.Whowast heheadoft heBr iti
s hSout hAf ri
cacompany
12.JohnCeci lRhodes
13.Givet hemai nr eas onswhynon- alignedmov ementwasf or med
13.Memberat eswant edt osaf eguar dt heirindependence
14.Identifyt hef irchai rmanofor gani zat i
onofAf ricanUni t
y
14.Emper orHai l
eSel asi eI
15.atet hemai nr eas onwhyUSAj oinedWor l
dWarI
15.Thesunki ngofaBr i
tishpassengerl iner
16.Identifyt her ulingpar t yi nUSA
16.Democr aticpar ty
17.(a)atet hr eei nvent i
onst hatenabl edt hedevel opmentofear l
yagr i
culturei nEgypt
17.
(a)–Shadoofmet hodofi rrigat i
on/ canal
-Ox- dr awnpl oughl edt oincr easedcul tivat edl and
-Theuseofi ront ool smadef armi ngmor eef f
icient
-Theeabl i
shmentofgr anar iest oor egr ains
-Invent i
onofwr iting( hierogl yphi cs)enabl et hem t or ecor dagricul
t uraldat a.
-Invent i
onofcal endarmadei tt opr edictf loods
(b)Explains ixf act orst hatmadeear lymant oc hangef r
om hunt ingandgat her i
ngt of ood
product i
ons
17.(
b)-I ncr easedhumanpopul ationt henat ur alenvi ronmentcoul dnotpr ovider egularf ood
supply.
-Cl i
mat echangei .edr oughtt hr eatensbot hani malandpl antlife
-Hunt ingandgat her inghadbecomei ncr easi ngt ir
esome
-Att imescal ami tiessuchasbushf i
reorf loodsder oyedveget ati
onordr ovewi l
d
ani mal saway.
-Compet itionf orf ooddevel opedbet weenhumanbei ngandwi ldani malswhi chf orced
mant ol ookf oral ter nativeways
-Invent i
onoft ool sencour agedmant oar tcul ti
vatingf ood.
-Var i
ouscr opspl ant edadopt edt ovar i
et yofenvi r
onment alcondi t
ionsandspr eadt o
otherar eas
18.(a)at ef iveus esof elect r i
cityi nEur opedur ingt heindur ialr evoluti
on
18.(a)–Li ght ing
-Heat ing/ cooki ng
-Runni ngmachi nesi nt hef act or i
es
-Power i
ngvehi clet rains
-Communi cat i
on- elect ricsi gnal sar eusedi nmanygadget sofcommuni cation
(b)Expl ainf ivef ac tor sunder mi ni ngs cient if
i crevolut i
oni ndevel opingcount ri
es
(b) -I nadequat ef undst oi nvei nsci ent i
fi
cr esear cher s
-Hi ghl evelofi l
liter acy-oureducat i
onsyem i st heor et icall
yorientedwhi ch
under mi nest eachi ngofsci ences
-Br ain- dr ain–pr of essi onalmi gratet odevel opedwor ld,t husdepr ivingt heircount r
y
oftrained
per sonnel
-Inadequat esuppor tf rom t hegover nment
-Overdependenceondevel opi ngcount riesondevel opednat i
onst hussuf fering
f
r om dependencysyndr ome
19.(a)Namet hreeKi ngsofBugandawhocol labor atedwi tht heBr i
ti
shi nt he19th C
19.(a)–KabakaMut esaI
-KabakaMwanga
-DaudiChwa
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(b)Expl ains ixr es ultsoft heBugandaagr eementi n1 900
19.(
b)-Theagr eementgaveBugandaacent ralposi tionwi thi nthepr otect orate
-Thepower sofKabakaandcl anheadsoni ssuesoft hegover nmentwer er educed
-Thesi zeoft heBugandawasal sor educed
-Theagr eementl edt ot heconqueofBugandaandt her eoft hepr esentday- Uganda.
-TheChi efbenef itedf rom t hel andonf r eehol dbasi s
-Theannexat ionoft het encount ri
esf rom Bunyor ot oBugandacr eat edhoi lit
y
between
thet woKi ngdom
-TheKabakahadt hepr ivileget obeconsul tedbef or eanynewt axeswer ei mposedi n
Buganda.
-TheBr it
ishl aterusedBagandaChr iianst oext endt hei rpolicyofi ndi rectruleover
otherr egi oni n Uganda
20.( a)Ident i
fyf ivepr oblemsencount eredbynat ional isinSout hAf ri
ca
20.( a)-Manynat ional iswer eki l
ledbyt heapar thei dr egi mei nS.Af rica.
-Manynat ional iswer ehar assed,ar reedanddet ained.
-Manyf orcedt of leet hecount ryandseekr efugei not hercount ri
es
-Af ricanpol iti
calpar tieswer eout lawedandt henat i
onal ipr osecut ed.
-Af ricanj our nal i
swer ehar assedandt hei rnewspaper sbannedf orr epor t
ing
-Tr adeuni oniandot herl eader swer eper pet uallyi ntimi datebysecur ityagent s
-Af ricanswer econf i
nedt ot heBant uanbasedont hei rethni ccommuni tyi nor dert o
separ atet hem
-Thepassl awswer eal sousedt ocr uci alt hef reedom ofmovementandt oenabl eto
acqui recheapAf ricanl abour .
-Thepassl awswer eal sousedt ocur tai lthef reedom ofmovementandt oenabl et he
Eur opeanst o acqui recheapAf ricanl abour .
(b)Di s cus st her oleofNel sonMandel ai nt her uggl eagai napar theid
20.( b) -Hehel pedt ofor mt heyout hl eagueofANC
-Heser vedast hedeput ypr esi dentofANC
-Asal awyerher epr esent edot herAf ricannat ional isi ncasesagai napar t
hei dr egime
-Hewasi nvol vedi nt hedef iancecampai gnor gani zedbyANC.
-Hewasamongt henat ional iwhof ormul at edandi ssuest hef reedom char teri n1 95.
-Toget herwi t
hot herhef ormedt hemi litaryusi ngofANC( Unkhont owe)si zwespear
ofthenat i
onal
-Gi venal i
fesent encei mpr i
sonment( 27year s)
-Hevi sitedot hercount riesf orsuppor t
-Heusedt hepr ess/ publ icat iont omot ivat eAf ri
cannat i
onal i
sm
-Hi si mpr isonmenti nspi redot herAf ricannat i
onal isi nS.Af rica.
-Heunder wentt heguel l
at rainingi nAl genai nor dert obeabl et oef f
ect i
velyf i
ght
apartheid.
21.(a)at et hr eeweaponsus eddur ingt hecol dwar
21.(a)–Pr opaganda
-economi csanct ions/ tr adeembar goes
-Gi vingmi litarysuppor tt ot heal li
es
-Gi vingf inanci alsuppor tt ot heenemi esoft heopposi tesi de.
(b)Expl ains ixepst akent oeas et hecol dwar
21.
(b)-USSRl eader swhocameaf terJosetal inexer cisedf lexibilit
y
-Negot iationbet weent hesuperpowert or educear mse. gSALT
-Liber atedpol iciesofGor bachevi nwhi chheopenedupt ot heWe
-Thef alloft hecommunir ul
ei nEaer nEur opeandusher ingofWeer ndemocr acies
inBul gana Romani a
-Uni ficat i
onofGer many
-Russi a’ ssuppor tf ort heGul fwar
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-Ther olepl ayedbyRonal dReganoft heUSAbyencour agingpeacet alkswit
hRussi a
andot hernat ions
-Thedi ssol ut i
onoft heWar sawpactofmi litarypactf ort hecommunibl oc.
22.( a)at et hreef eat ur esofAr us hadecl arationof1 968
22.( a)–Sel freli
ance
-Uj amaa( sociali
sm
-Avoi danceofdi scr imi nat i
onofal lf or msbasedoncl ass,weal t
h,atusr el
igi
onandsex
-Nat ional izati
on–t hisput st hecont roloft hef act orsandmeansofpr oducti
oni nt
hehands
ofi ndi genouspeopl eofTanzani a
(b)Expl ains ixpol iti
calchal l
engest hatTanz ani ahasf aceds i
nceindependence
22.(b) -Thear mymut inyt hr eat enedherpol it
icalabi lityin1964.
-TheAr ushadecl ar ationwasopposedbymanybot hi nternal lyandext ernal
lybycapi t
ali
-TheDeat hofAboudKar umei n1 972andr esignat ionofAboudJumbei n1984appear edto
thret en
uni tyi nTanzanai .
-Thei nvasi onofTanzani abyUgandaunderAmi nDadaandt heconsequentwart or emove
Ami n
from powerwascol y.
-Tanzani awascr i
t i
ci zedf ori nvadi ngUgandabyOAUmemberat esbecauset heyfelt
Nyer er ehad
viol atedUganda’ st er ri
toriali nt egr ityandsover eignt y
-Ther ehasbeenanescal ationofcor ruptionamongt hel eadi ngmember sofTanzania,
politicalel it
e.
-Ther ef ormshavehadt heef f
ectfmai ntainingt hecount r y’sdependencydonorassi ance
-Ther e- introduct ionofmul t
i- par tysyem t endedt obeawakenandr egional
ism al
thought hi
s
pr obl em wascont ained.
23.( a)at et hreel evel sofel ect ionsi nt heUSA
23.( a)–El ectionf ort heHouseofr epr esent ativeshel dever yt woyear s
-El ect i
onf ort heGover nor s,hel dever yf ouryear s.
-El ect i
onf ort heSenat e,whi char ehel dever ysi xyear s
(b)Expl ains ixf unct ionsoft hef eder algover nmenti nt heUSA
23.(b) -Thef eder algover nmentoft heUSAf or mul at esanddi r
ectforeignpoli
cy
-For mul at espol iciesgover ningi nter nalsecur ityoft heent i
reF eder
alRepubl i
c
-Itf or mul atesandenf or cespol icygui del i
nesont axat i
onf ort hememberat esofthe
f
eder at i
on
-Itgi vesgr antst omembersat esoft hef eder ation
-Itmedi at esini nt er -at edi sput eswi thint hef eder ation
-Iti ssuescur rencyt ot hememberat esoft heF eder at i
onandr egul
atesitssupply
-Itr egul atesi nter nalandext er nalt rade
-Itdecl ar eswarandmakepeacewi thot hernat ionsoft hewor ld.
-Itadmi tsnewat es
-Iteabl ishesF eder alcour ts
-Iteabl ishesar medf or ces
-Itenact sandpassesf eder all aws
-Iteabl ishespoof ficesyem
1.Giveoner easonwhyHomoHabi l
iswasr eferredt oas“ abl eman”
1. -Theywer et oolmaker s
2.at et wot heoriest hatexpl ai nt hedevel opmentofAgr icul ture
MAT
2.-Di f
fusi on/cent ralt heor y
MAT
-I ndependentpl acest heor y
3.Namet hemai ni tem oft r
adeobt ainedf rom WeAf r icadur ingt heTrans-Saharantrade
F
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cesCal
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3. -Gol d
4.Identi
fytwoi mpr ovement swhichwer emadeonMacadami zedr oadsi nthenineteenth
century
4. -Theyhavebeenmadewi der
-Theyhavef lyover s
-Aredualcar ri
ages
-Haveunder groundt unnels
-Havemoder nt raffi
ccont rollightsandr oadsigns
-Havemot orways
5.ateoneadvant ageofus ingmes senger stopas soni nfor
mation
5. -I twasasur ewayofsendi ngl engt hyandconf identi
almessages
6.Givetwor eas onswhycoalwasus edast hemai nsour ceofindurialpoweri nBr i
tainduri
ng
theindur i
alRevol uti
on
6. -I twascheap
-Itwasavai labl einl argequant it
ies
-Itwasmor eef f
icientt hanot herofener gyatt het i
me
7.Whati sthemai nf actort hatinfl
uencedt hegrowt hofJohannes bur gasanur bancentre
7. -Di scoveryofgol d
8.atether oleoft hegol denooli nt heAs anteKingdom dur i
ngt he19th century
8. -Symbolofuni ty/itboundAsant eat estogether
9.Identi
fyther eas onwhyEgyptwasofr ategicimportanceduringt hes crambl
eandpar t
it
ion
ofAfri
ca

9. -Owner shipoft heSuezCanal

10.Out l
inet wocondi ti
onsonehadt ofulfi
lli
nor dert obefullyassimilat
edi nSenegal
10.-Abi litytor eadandwr i
teliteracy
-Havemaer yoft heF renchl anguage
-Bei ngl oyalt ot heF renchgover nment
-Wor kingf oranumberofyear sintheci vilservice
-Pract icemonogamy
-Acqui reasetandar dofeducat i
on
-Tohavecompl etedt hemi l
itaryserviceasr equi redbyF r
enchl awandat t
aineda
diinguished
Recor dAf ricanshadt osur rendert heirri
ghtsundernat i
velaw
11.Givet wowaysi nwhi cht heat t
ainmentofi ndependencei nGhanacont ri
butedt othe
li
ber ationof
ot herAf ri
cancount riesfrom col onialrule
11 -I tinspi redot herAf ricannat ionst ocontinuef i
ghti
ngf ortheirindependence
-Ghanapl ayedal eadi
ngr oleint heformat ionofOAUwhi chwasi nr
ument ali
nt he
li
ber ationofot herat es
-GhanaunderKwameNkr umahgavemor alandmat eri
alsuppor ttootherAf r
ican
count ries
notyeti ndependent
-Ghanaal lowedsomeAf r i
cannat ional
istoeabl ishmili
tarybasesi nthecount ry
12.at et wor eas onswhyUni tedat esofAmer i
ca( USA)di dnotjoint hefirWorldWarunt i
l191
7

1
2 .-Itdidnotwanttoinvol
veherselfi
ntheaff
air
sofEur
opeannat i
ons
-Presenceofpeopl
eofGer mandescentintheUSAandhencef earofr
evol
t
-Fearofshif
ti
ngofwaronAmer i
cansoilbet
weenAmericansofGermandescentand
t
hose
ofFr
ench,Br
it
ish,Russi
anandot
her
s
-Thewarhadnotinterf
eredwi
tht
heint
eresofUSApr
iorto1
917
1
3.Ment
iont
wocommonf eat
uresoft
hemembercount
ri
esofcommonweal
th
F
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1
3. -Member sacceptt hequeenast heheadoft hecommonweal th
-Theyhavepar liament arygover nment swhi chtheyhavei nheri
tedf
rom Brit
ain
-Manyoft hem useEngl ishast heircommonorof f
ici
allanguage
-Member shavecl oseeconomi ct i
ese. g.aid
-Theyhavecl osecul turaltiese.g.commonweal thgamesandeducat ional
exchangepr ogr ammes
-Theyhol dr egul armeet ingsi.
e.commonweal thHeadsofat e
1
4.Giveoner easonwhyt he1 945PanAf r
icanCongr esswasi mportanttoAf
rica
1
4. -I tdemandedf ori ndependenceofAf ricans
-Itaddressedi tselftopr oblemsf acingAf r
ica
-Itwasor gani zedbyAf ri
cansf r
om Af ricawi ththeexceptionofDuboisandpadmor e
-ItcondemnedEur opeancapi tali
sm
1
5.Outli
nethemai npol it
icalchal l
enget hatt heDemocr ati
cRepublicofCongo( DRC)has
f
aced
si
nceindependenc e
1
5. -Pol i
ticalinability/r i
valryforleader shipoft hecountr
1
6.Whatdoyouunder andbyt het er
m‘ Doct rineofpar li
amentarySupremacy’aspr ac
ticedi
n
Bri
tai
n

1
6. -Itmeanspar liamentwhi chi ssupr emeandhast hehi gheauthority
-Power sofpar liamentover ridet hoseoft heHeadofat eandotheror ganizati
ons
17.Namet wowaysofbecomi ngaBr i
ti
s hmemberofpar l
iament
17. -Thr oughher edi tyt ot heHouseofLor ds
-Thr oughappoi ntmentt otheHouseoft heLordsbyvi rt
ueofone’ spositi
oni nt he
societ
y
-Thr oughel ect iont ot heHouseofCommons
-Bi shopst hr oughnomi nati
onbyt hequeent ot heupperhouse
18. a)at et hreeas pect sofhi or
yudi edi nHi or y
18. a)-Soci alhi or y
-Pol i
ticalhi or y
-Economi chi ory
b)Expl ains i
xl imi tationsofus i
ngl i
ngui icsasas our ceofinformationonHi ory
&Gover nment
18.b) -I tmayt akeal ongt imet ol earnapar ti
cul arlanguage e
-Whent ransl at ingt hel anguage,t hehi or ianmightomi tsomewor ds
-Di ff
erentl anguageshavesi mil
arwor dswi t
hdi ff
er entmeanings
-Ther ehasbeenbor rowi ngofwor dsfrom ot herl anguageswhi chahsi nterferedwi t
h
or
cor r
upt edt hepar entl anguage
-Al i
ngui i
cmayf indsomeoft hewor dsf rom di
ffer entgroupsdiff
iculttounder and
-Somel anguageshavebecomear chai corext inct
19. a)at ef i
vef act or st hatf acil
itatedAgr ar i
anRevol utioninBr i
tai
n
19. a)-I ndur i
alr evol ution
-Sci entificr evol ution
-Landencl osur esyem
-Gover nmentsuppor t
-Goodt ranspor tnet wor k
-Pol it
icalabi li
ty
-Wi ll
ingent r epr eneur s
b)Expl ainf ivef act orst hathavecont ribut edtoThi r dWor l
dcountrieslagbehi ndi n
indurialdevel opment
19.b) -Inadequat ecapi taltoexpl oitresour ces
F
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-Inadequat eski l
lsandt echnol ogicalowhowbecausemaj or
it
yar eil
li
terateorsemi-
i
ll
iterate
-Poort ranspor tandcommuni cationsyem
-Unheal thycompet it
ionfr om devel opedcount ri
es
-Shor tageofmar ket/lowpur chasi ngpower
-Politicalinabi l
it
y
-Poorgover nmentpol i
cies
-Corr upt i
onandmi smanagement
-Lackofadequat esour cesofener gy
-Epidemi cse. g.HIV/AI DS
-Mooft heirr esourceswer eexpl oiteddur ingthecoloni alperiod
20. a)at ef iver eas onswhyAf r i
canscol l
aboratedwi ththeEur opeansdur i
ngt heEuropean
i
nvas i
on
ofAf ri
ca
20. a)-ManyAf r
icanl eadersdi dnotunder andt heintensionsoft heEur opeansand
assumed
woul dsoonl eave
-Somewant edpr otectionagai nthei renemi es
-Thel eader swant edt or etaint heirpositi
ons
-Theyhopedt osavet heiri ndependence
-Theywer ei nfl
uencedbyt hemi ssionari
esal readypr esentint heircountry
-Somewant edt ogai nmat erialbenef i
tsfrom theEur opeans
b)Expl ainfiver esultsoft heBugandacol laborationwitht heBr i
tish
20.b) -Bugandasucceededi nkeepi ngt heEgypt i
anandAr ab-Swahi l
ithreatatbay/
protect
ion

-f r
om exter
nalenemi es
-TheKabakasucceededi neablishingandef f
ectinghisauthori
tyashehadmonopol y
over
tr
adeingunsandEur opeancont acts
-Chrii
anmissi
onari
eswer eall
owedt osetupmi ssi
onat i
onsinBuganda’
-Kabakagotprot
ectionagainhi sinternalenemi es
-KabakapowerdeclinedasBr it
ishof f
icerswer egivenmor epower
-TheBrit
ishcol
onialoffi
cedecl ar
edBugandaapr ot
ectorat
ein1 894
-Chrii
anmissi
onari
esandt r
aderswhohadsetupmi ssi
onat i
onsandt radi
ngposi
n
- BugandasoughtBr i
ti
shpr ot
ect i
onbecauseKabakawasunpr edict
able
21
. a)Namet hreemet hodsus edbySout hAfricanNat i
onali
sintheirrugglefor
i
ndependence

21
. a)-Formationofpol iticalpart
ies
-artedtradeuni onst oorganizewor kers/fi
ghtforbetterwor ki
ngconditi
ons
-Usedr ikesandgo- shows
-Demonr atedt oexpr essAfricangr ievances
-Usedf or ceofmi li
tar ycampaign
-Useddi pl omacyi ni nter
nati
onalci rcles
-Thosear reedanddet ai
nedwentonhungerr ikes
-Thechur chhadr eli
giousleader swhopr eachedagainr acir
egime
-Massmedi awasal soused
b)Explai
ns ixfact
orst hatledt ot hegr owthofAf ri
canNationali
smi nSouthAfr
ica
21
.b) -Lossofl andbybl ackpeopl etot hewhi t
eset t
lers
-Themi nor itywhitegover nmenthadpassedor dinancesbasedonr aci
sm
-BlacksinSout hAfricawer edeni edfreedom ofassociati
on,speeche. t.
c.
-Movementofbl ackswasmoni toredt hroughpassbooks
F
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-Af ri
caneducat ion,heal thandot hersoci alameni t
ieswer epooral thoughbl ackspaid
heavyt axes
-Wi tht hecr eationofBant uans,Af ricansl ivedi nmi ser yduet ocongei on
-Ther ewasunequalorpoordi r ibut ionofweal thandj oboppor tuni t
ies
-Chr iiani typr eachedt heequal ityofal lpeopl e
-Par ticipat ionoft heex-ser vicemenwi t
hsecondwor ldwarexposedAf ricansto
democr at ici deas
-Af ri
canel itessuchasmandel a,si sul ue. t.c.promot ednat ionalconsci ousness
-Af ri
canswer edeni edr epr esent at ioni nt hepar li
ament
22. a)at ef iveeconomi cact i
vi ti
esoft heShonadur i
ngt he1 9th centur y
22. a)-Theypr act icedagr icul tureandgr ewmi l
let,cassava,beans,f rui ts
-Theykeptl i
veocke. g.cows
-Thei rmai neconomi cwast rade-bot hl ongdi anceandl ocalt rade
-Theyhunt edel ephant sf ori vor yt hatwasi ndemandbyt hePor t
uguese,Ar abs
andWaswahi li
-Theygat her edwi l
df rui tsandhoney
-Pr act icedcr aftssuchasbasket ry,pot ter yandcar vi ngi temsf rom i voryand
soapone
-Madei rongoodse. g.spear s,i ves,shi eldsandhoes
-Theyal sodi df ishingi nr i
ver sandl akes
b)Des cr ibet hepol i
ticalor gani zat ionoft heShonabef oret he1 9th cent ury
22.b) -TheKi ngdom wasr uledbyaki ngwhowast heheadofat eandgover nment
-Theof fi
ceoft heki ngwasher edi tar y
-Theki ngwast hechi efr eligiousaut hority
-Theki ngwasassi edt or ulebyanumberofof fici
al se. g.queen,headr unner,lesser
chief s, commander -in–chi efoft hear mye. t
.c
-Theki ngcont r ol
ledt radeandusedt her evenuef rom t radet or unt hear myand
empi re
-Theki nghadaandi ngar myf ordef enseandexpansi on
-Thevassalat eswer er uledbychi ef swhopai dt ribut et ot heki ng
-Symbol sofnat ionaluni tyi ncludedt her oyalf ir
ewhi chwasl i
tatt hecour tofthe
MweneMut apa
23. a)Gi vef i
ver eas onswhyt heBr itishus edDi rectr ulei nZi mbabwe
23. a)-TheBr itishSout hAf ricacompanyhadenoughper sonnelt oadmi nier
-Toacqui ref ullcont roloft heeconomyandexpl oi tr esour ces
-TheBr itishwant edt osubduet hepeopl eofZi mbabwet ot al
ly
-Thet r adit i
onalsyem ofadmi ni rat ionusi ngI ndunashadbeendi smant l
eddur i
ng
theBr it
ishconque
-Pr esenceormanyset tlerswhocoul dnothavebeenr uledbyt heAf ricanchi ef
s
-Zi mbabweanshadbeeni nvol vedi nar medr esianceandt hishader oded
Eur opeanconf i
dencei nt radi tionalAf ricanl eader shi p
b)Expl ainf iveef fect sofBr iti
s hr ulei nZi mbabwe
23.b) -Di spl acementofAf ricansf rom t hei rancer allandt ocr eat er oom f orwhi te
set
tl
ement

-Creationroom forwhitesettlement
-Creationofreserveswhichser vedasAf r
icanhomeeads
-Subjecti
onofAf ri
canstofor cedl abour
-Under mini
ngofAf ri
canculturet hroughintroduct
ionofChr
ii
ani
tyandWeer
n
education
-I
mposi ti
onofheavyt axati
ononAf ri
cans
-Freedom ofAf r
icanswascur tailed
-Deruct i
onoftheAf ri
cantraditionaleconomy
F
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cesCal
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-Raci alsegr egat ion
-Oppr essi onofAf ri
cansbyBr it
ishAdmi ni rators
-Devel opmentoft ranspor t,tr adeandi ndur yint her egi on
-Ri seofAf ri
cannat ional i
sm
24. a)at ef i
veadvant agesofaf eder als yem ofgover nmentaspr acticedi nt heUni tedat
es
ofAmer ica( USA)
24. a) -Enabl essever alatest owor kinsol idar ityasapol iticaluni t
-Enhancest radewi thi nt hef eder ationt hr oughel i
mi nat i
onofcuom bar ri
ersan
eablishmentofcommoncur rencies
-Pr omot esi nteractionofpeopl ebet weendi f
fer entat es
-atescansol vecommonpr oblemsj oi ntly
-Pr ovidingasyem ofchecksandbal ancessi ncet hegover nmentoper ateson
divisionof
power sbet weent hef eder alandat egover nment s
-Memberat esbenef itf rom t hef eder alpoolofr esour ces
-Interesofsmal lerat esar epr otected’
-Pr ovidesanenl argedmar ketf orgoodspr oducedi nvar iousmemberat es
-Enabl esvar i
ousat est ocomet oget her ,yetr et ai
ningt heiri denti
ties
b)Des cr i
behowt heUni tedat esofAmer icaf eder algover nmentoper at es
24.b) -I tcompr ises53at eswhi char esemi -aut onomous
-Ther ei sacent ralgover nmentandr egi onalgover nment
-TheUSpr esi denti st heheadoft heUSf eder ati
onwhi leeachat eisheadedbya
gover nor
-Thef eder ationhast hr eeor gansofgover nmenti .
e.theexecut ive,judi ciaryandthe
legislature
-Thepr esi denti st hechi efexecut i
veandher ulest hewhol ef ederation
-TheUScongr essi sbi -camer ali.e.hast wohousesnamel yt hesenat eandhouse
ofr epr esent atives
-I thasawr ittenconi tut ion
-TheSupr emeCour tisatt heapexoft hej udiciar y.Itmoni tor sbotht hepr esi
dentand
thecongr ess
-Thepr esi denti sassi edbyt hevi ce-pr esi denti ncar ryingouthi sherdut i
es
-Thevi ce-pr esi dentchai rssenat emeet ingsandvot esi ntheeventofat ieoveran
issue
-Bot ht hef eder alandt her egi onalgover nment shaveconi tutionalfunct ions
andr esponsi biliti
es
1.atet
womer itsofus i
ngAnt hr opol ogyasas our ceofr econr uctingAf ri
canhi or y.
1. -Hel psunder andusi ngAnt hr opologyasasour ceofr econr uct i
ngAf ricanhi ory
-Onecant racehowcul turesevol ved
-Onecant racepossi bl epoi nt eractions
-Hel psunder andr uct ur esofsoci et i
es,f ormsofsoci alor gani zati
onandgover nment
-Hel psexpl aint heeaspect soft heeconomy
-Hel psunder andhowsoci et yf unct i
ons
-Compl ement sot hersour ceofi nfor mat ionaboutcommuni ty
2.Giveanot hernamef orHomos api ens

2. -I nt elli
gentman/moder nman/t hi
nki
ngman
3.I
dent
if
yonet ypeofir
rigat
ionthatwasusedbytheear
lyEgypt
ians
3. - Basi n
- Sar doof
- Canal
4.I
dent
ifyt hemai nit
em oftradefrom WeAfr
icadur
ingt
heTrans-Atl
ant
icoceant
rade
4. ( i)Sl aves
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cesCal
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5.Givetwor
eas
onswhycoalr
emai
nedt
hemai
nsour
ceofener
gydur
ingt
hei
ndur
ial
rev
oluti
on

5.-Coalwasavai lablei nlar gequant ities

-Wascheapl yavai lable
-I twast hemoef ficientsour ceofener gyatt het ime
6.Whati st hemai nadvant ageofcel lphones
6. -I tispor table
7.at et wof act orst hatl edt ot hedecl i
neofKi l
waont heEaAf ricancoa
7.-Di sr upt ionoft hegol dtrade
-Duet oci vilwar samongt hecommuni ti
espr oducinggol d
-Dynai cr ivalriesamongsomeoft hel eadingf ami l
iesinKi l
waoverpower
-Senseofr ebel l
ionsamongsomeoft het ownscol onizedbyKi lwa
-Conquebyt hePor tuguese
8.I dent ifyt wof unct i
onsofLuki koi nBagandaki ngdom i nt he19t hcentury
8.-Maki ngandamendi nglaws
-Advi singt heKabaka
-Li nkst hepeopl et oheKabaka
-Appr ovest hebudget
-Act edashi ghcour tofappeal
9.Out linet wor at egi cf actor st hatcaus edt hes cr ambleforandpar t
it
ionofAf r
icainthe1 9th
cent ury
9.-TheEgypt i
anquei on
-F renchact i
vitiesi nWeAf ricaandt heCongo
-KingLeopol dsact ivi ti
esi nt heCongo
10.Nameanyt wol eader soft heChi mur engawar
10.–Mukwat i
-Kakubi
-Nehanda
-Si gi nyamat she
11.Givet hemoef f
ect ivemet hodus edbyt heEur opeanst oeabl ishtheircoloniesinAfr
ica
11.-Mi litar yconques
12.Whowast hepr oponentoft hei ndir ects yem ofr uleinNi ger i
a?
12.-F redr ickLugar d `
13.Gi vet wor olespl ayedbyKwameNk rumahi nt hedevel opmentofPan- Afri
canmovement
13.-Secr et ar yoft heWeAf r i
cansecr etar i
aleabl ishedi n1945t ocoor dinat
epl ansfort
he
independenceofAf r
icanat es
-Par ticipat edi nPanAf ri
canConf er encehel di nMancheeranddemandedf orimmedi ate
i
ndependencef ort heAf ricanat es
-Or gani zedt woPan- Africanconf er encesi nGhanai n1958.
-Hespear headedt hei ndependenceofGhana
14.Ident ifyones ignat or yoft her ategi car msr educt i
ont reatyof1 991
14.-Geor geBush( Seni or )
-Mi khai lGor bachev
15.Gi veoner eas onwhyUni t
edat esofAmer icawasr el
uct anttoj oi
nt heFirWor l
dWar( ww1 )

1
5.-Fearofrevol
tbyciti
zensofGer
manor igin
-DesiretoabidebytheMonroedoctri
neof1 923whichf
orbadeU.
S.Afr
om i
nter
fer
ingin
t
he
Europeanaff
air
s
-F
earofout br
eakofacivi
lwarbetweenAmer i
cansf
orGermanori
ginandot
herEuropean
nati
onali
ti
es
-Thewarhadnoi nt
erf
eredwit
hU.S.Auntil1
916
F
orMor
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cesCal
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16.Namet womai npol it
icalchal l
engeswhi chhavef acedDemocr ati
cRepubl icofCongo( DRC)
si
ncei ndependence
16.-Ci vilwar s
-Coupdet at s
17.Lit womaj orpol iticalpar t
iesi nI ndi a
17.-TheCongr essPar ty
-TheBhar at iyaJanat apar ty
-Thecommunipar t
iesofI ndia
18a)Whatf ivef act or sl edt ot hedevel opmentofEar l
yAgr i
cul turedur ingthel ateoneAg
per iod?
18.a)-Hunt i
ng andgat her ingwasbecomi ngmor et ediousandcumber some
-Changi ngcl i
mat iccondi tionsl ikedr oughtl edt oscar cityoff ood
-F requentout br eakofbushf i
resf or cedt heani malst omi gratef urt
her
-Popul at ionsi ncr easecal l
edf orpr oduct ionofmor ef ood
-I ncr easedcompet iti
onbet weenpr edat orsandmanl eadi ngt oscar city
-Overhunt ingdepl etedt heockofani mal sandcoul dr elyon
-Avai labi lityofi ndi genouscopsandani mal s
-Pr esenceot ool st obeusedi nagr icul tur e
b)Expl ainf iveef fect soft heencl osures yem ofAgr i
culturei nBr i
taindur ingAgr ar i
an
Revol ut i
on
18.b)-Hi kei nl andpr ocessasi tbecamepr eci ouscommodi ty
-Rur al–ur banmi gr ationbyt hedi spl acedpeasant
-Landl essnessamongt hepeasantwhower eunabl et of ence t heirland
-Issuanceoft itledeedt olandowner s
-Itcr eat edl ar gef armswhi chwer eeasyt ooper ateandmanage
-Maj orityf eudall andl or dsbecamer icherast heyacqui redmor el and
-Itr esul t edt omi gr ati
ont ot henewf oundl andi nt heAmer i
cansbyt hedi spl aced
peasant s
-Itr educedt her iskofei thercr opsorl iveockcont ract i
ngdi seasesaswasl iket he
casei nopen
fi
el d
-I tr esul t edi ntohi gherqual ityadquant it
yofpr oduct ion
19.(a)I dent ifyt hepr oblemsf acedbyt heTr ans -Sahar anTr ader s
19.a) -At tackbyt hebl indingsandor ms
-At tackbydeser tcr eat uressuchl ikesnakes
-Thej our neywast ool ongandt i
resome
-Of tent heyr anoutt osuppl iesbef or er eachi ngt heoases
-Unbear abl edeser tcl imat e.Toohotdur ingt hedayandver ycol ddur ingt heni ght
-Di sr upt ionoft hej our neydur i
ngi nt ercommuni t
ywar s
-Communi cat ionbar rierduet ol ackofcommonl anguage
-Scar cit yoff oodandwat er
-Thecar avanr out eschangedqui t
eof tenly
b)Expl ainf ourwayst hroughwhi chTr ans -Sahar anTr adepr omot edt heeabl is hmentof
kingdomsi nWeAf ri
ca
19.b)-Pr of it
saccr uedf or mt het radei mul atedt hegr owthofr ongempi r
esandt heki ngs
levied
taxes ont hecanvas
-Thei nt roduct ionofhor sesi ntheweer nSudanbel tl edt other engt heningofat e
armi esas
thehor seswer eusedt opr omot esecur i
ty.
-Thef ir ear msbr oughtf rom t heNor t
hwer eusedt oexpandt heKi ngdom or
territ
or i
es.
-Thet r adel edt oi ntroduct i
onoft ool susedi nagr i
cult uret oi ncreasef oodpr oducti
on
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and
subsequent l
yt hepopul at ion.
-Becauseoft het rade,power fulki ngdomsar oset opr ovidesecur ityt ot radersand
cont rolthe
t rade
-Weakerki ngdomswer esubduedbyt heemer gingr ongki ngdomswhi chhadacqui r
ed
fir
e
ar ms andhor ses
-Peopl ewhoacqui redweal thfrom t het radear oset ot heposi tionofl eader shipof
Kingdoms
-Musl i
m/ I
slami cschol arswer eempl oyedi nt hegover nmentft heki ngdomsasci vil
servant s
-Islami cl awswer eusedt or unt hegover nmentoft heempi r es/ kingdoms
20.a)Whydi dt heAf ricancommuni t
iescol l
abor atewi ththeEur opeanatt hepeakof
col onization
20.a)-Theywant edt omai ntaint heiri ndependence
-TheAf r
icanl eader swant edt or et ai
nt heirposi ti
oni npower
-TheAf r
icanl eader swant edcol oni almaer st opr otectt hem f rom t hei renemi es
-TheAf ri
canl eader swant edt ogai nmat eriall
yf rom t hecol onialmaer s
-Af ricansdesi redt heEur opeancul turei nt er msofeducat ion,dr essi ngandwant ed
sucht obe
int roducedi nt het er r
itor ies
-Af ricansdesi redt hecul tur ei nt er msofeducat i
on,dr essi ngandwant edsucht obe
introducedi n
thei rt errit
ories
-Af ricansdar ednott hemi ghtoft heEur opeanspower sandsochoset ocol laborate
-Theywant edt ot radewi tht heEur opeans
-TheAf ri
canl eader swant edpr ot ect ionf or m ot hercol oni alpower sli
ket heLewani kaof
Lozi
(b)Di scus st heimmedi ater es ult
soft hepar ti
tionofAf ricabyt heEur opean
20.b)-Dr awi ngofar bitrar yboundar i
esi nAf rica bycol onialmaer s
-Lossofi ndependenceofAf ricanswhowersubj ectedt ocol oniali
sm
-Subsequentl andal i
enat i
onbycol onialmaer smaki ngAf ricanst obet enantsint heir
own
land
-Eur opeannat ionsi ntroducedt hei rlanguagesi nt hecont inent
-I nt roduct i
onofEur opeanadmi nirat i
vesyem t hroughoutt hecont inent
-I tspeededupeconomi cgr owt hofEur opeanscount rieswhoacqui r er awmat eri
al,
mar ket sand
landt oinvesur pluscapi tal.
-TheEur opeansgai nedf ame,pr ei geandr ecogni zesbyhavi ngcol oni alpossessi onsi n
African
-Ther ewaser osi onofAf ricancul tur ewhi chwascondemnedbycol oni alasbar baric
andsavage
-I ti nfluencedat ef ormat i
oni nAf ricant hepocol onialper iods
-Set tingupofboundar iesspl i
tsomecommuni t
iese. g.MaasaiofKenyaandTanzani a,
Eweof
GhanaandTogo,Somal iofKenyaandEt hi opia
21.a)Des cr ibef i
ver es ultsoft hedevel opmentofr ai
lwayt r
ans por tdur ing t he1 9th cent ury
21.a)-I tspeededupi ndur ialdevel opmentasgoodscoul dbet ranspor tedt oandf rom the
factor i
es

-Cr
eat
edempl
oymentoppor
tuni
ti
est
omanyaspor
ter
s,t
rai
nat
tendant
se.
t.
c
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eEr
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-Sour ceofgover nmentr evenue
-Openedupt hei nter iorf ort heexpl oitationoft heavai lablenat uralr esour ces
-Resul t
edi ntodevel opmentofur bancent ersal ongt her ailli
ne
-Encour agedt hedevel opmentoff eederr oadsconnect ingt oher ailline
-Easedadmi nirationofi nt eriorl andsassol dierandgover nmentadmi nir
at orscoul d
easily
be t ranspor ted.
-I tfaci li
tatedt hedevel opmentoft radeasi tlinkeddi ff
er entt r
adi ngcent r es
-I tenhancedt hemi gr at i
onoft hepeopl et ot heur bancent res
b)Di s cus swayst hroughwhi cht hemoder ns ociet yhasbenef i
tedf rom t hedevel opment
i
n
Tel ec ommuni cation
21.b) -I thaspr omot edf at ransmi ssionofi deas
-i thasf acili
tat edor ageofi nfor mat ionmor econveni ent lyt hought heuseof
comput ers
-I thasspeededupbusi nesst ransact i
onsbet weeni ndi vidualsandcount ries
-I thaspr ovi dedent er tai nmentt hroughl i
net ransmi ssionofvi deosandspor ts
-I thasr educedcosi nbusi nesst ransact i
onsasonl yaf ewpeopl e handl eal otof
wor kl oad.
-I thasspeededupt hespaceexpl or ationt hr oughsat ellit
esandr adars
-I thasenhancedsaf et ravelbyai randwat ert houghr adarconnect i
on
-i thasf acili
tat edt heudyofweat her
-I ndi vidual si ncor porat ionsar eabl et oaccessi nformat ionatownconveni ent
-Thegover nmenti sal et okeepupsecur ityt hr ought hei nformat ionr ecei ved
r egar ding
Cr i
mi nal /
cr iminalcanaswel last r
ailedeasi ly
22.a)I dent if
yt hr eecommuni ties wher et hepol icy ofAs similat i
ons ucceededi nWeAf ri
ca
22.a) ( i) Gor ee
(ii) .Rof isque
(iii
) Dakar
(iv) .Loui s
b)Expl ains ixreas onsf ort hef ailur eoft heF renchpol i
cyofAs si
mi l
ationi nt her eof
French
WeAf r i
ca
22.b )-Opposi tionbyt hel ocal swhodi dnotwanF renchi nter f
erencewi tht heircul ture
-Opposi ti
onf rom Af ri
canr ulerswhodi dnotwantt ol oset heiraut hor ityand
i
nfluenceover
t
hepeopl e
-Musl imsr esiedt heF r enchat temptt oconver tthem t oChr ii
ani t
y
-F renchgover nmenti sexpensi vet oi mpl ementt hepol icyasi tr equiredbui l
di ng
manyschool s
andempl oyi ngmor et eacher s
-I tt hr eatened t heexi enceofF renchempi r e
-TheAf ricanl andt enur esyem opposedt hepol icyast heysawAf ri
canaspot ential
threatst o
thei rcommer cialmonopol y’
-Thecol oni eswer evahencemaki ngi tdi ff
icul ttosuper visethei mplement ationoft he
policy
duet of ewper sonnel
-TheF renchi nF ranceopposedt hepol icybecauset heyf earedt hatheymi ghtbe
outnumber ed
int hechamber sofdeput iesandt hatl awswoul dbemadebyr epr esent ati
vesf rom
the
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coloni es
-Themi ssi onschool swer ebusyconver t
ingAf ri
canst oChr i
iani tyasopposedt o
turningt hem
toF renchmen
-Ther iseofNat ional ism onF renchWeAf ricaandasser t
iont hatnocul t
urewas
super iort o
theot her
23.a)at et hreeobj ect i
vesoft heEaAf ri
caCommuni ty
23.a) -Topr ovi deaf or um f ordi scussi ngeconomi candpol iti
cali ssuesoft hethree
count ries
-Tof aci litatef reemovementoft hepeopl ei nt het hr eer egionst ofoercooper at
ion
-Topr omot et radebet weent heEaAf r
icancount ries
-Topr ovi decommonser vi
cei nEaAf rica
b)Expl ains ixchal lengest hatf acedt heEaAf ricancommuni tyupt o1 977
23.b) -Per sonaldi ffer encebet weenAmi nandNyer ere.Nyer eredi dnotwantt orecognize
Ami nas
thePr esi dentofUganda
-Boundar ycl osur ebet weenUgandaandTanzani aandTanzani aandKenya
-Nat ionalpr ideandi nter eover rodet heneedf orcor porat i
onsi ncet her
ewer e
sover eign
ates
-Pol iti
calr esi ibilityi nUganda
-I deol ogi caldi ffer enceswher ebyTanzani awascommi ttedt oUj amaa,Kenyat oAf ri
can
soci alism andUgandat o
-Economi cpr obl ems,asUgandaandTanzani af eltt hatKenyaundul ybenefit
edf r
om
the
communi ty’ sar rangement
-TheEaAf ricanDevel opmentBankwhi chwasmeantt oensur ebal ancedeconomi c
devel opmentf ailedduet of unds
24.a)I dent ifyt hr eewayst hr oughwhi cht hecongr esschecks t heexces sesofpoweroft he
United
24.a)-Thecongr esscanpassani mpeachmenetvot eont hepr esident
-I tappr ovest heappoi ntmentoft heseni orof fi
cial
smadebyt hepr esident
-I texami nesadmi nir ativeact iviti
esoft hegover nment
-Congr esscanr efuset oappr ovet heuseofgover nment
-F undsf oraf or eignpol icyi tdisagr eeswi th
-Peopl eappoi ntedt oexecut emubappr ovedbypar li
ament
b)Di s cus ss ixf unct ionsoft hef eder algover nmentoft heUni tedat esofAmer ica
24.b)-I tadmi tsnewat esi ntot heuni on
-I tlevi esandcol l
ect st axes
-I tgi vesgr ant st oi ndi vidualat es
-I tpaysgover nmentdebt s
-I tdependst henat i
onsf orm ext er nalandi nternalenemi es
-I tr egul atescommer cewi thf orei gnnat i
onsandamongt heat es
-I tr egul atest heval ueofUScur r ency
-I thandl esf or eignpol i
ci es/affairswi t
hf or eignnat i
ons
-I tr esol vesdi sput esbet weendi ff
er entat es
-Ienact sf eder all aws
-I teabl ishest hef eder alcour ts
1.ateoneoft hebr anchesofhi ory
1. -Pol iti
cal
-Soci al
-Economi c
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2.Identi
fytwof actorswhyAf ricaiscons i
der edthecr adl
eofmanki nd
2. -Cl i
mat esuppor tedbot hplantandani mall
if
e
-Earl
ier emai nswer ef oundi nAfrica
-Earl
iemat erialculturewasf oundi nAf ri
ca
-Manhadbeeni nAf ri
cabef oref ormat i
onoft heGr eatRi
ftVal
ley
-Theallseasonsr iversi nAf r
ica
-Majorar cheol ogicalsi t
esar einAf r
ica
3.Lidownt hreechar acter i
icsofHomos apiens
3. -Si xfeett all
-Longr aightl egs
-Smallteet hwel lr oundedf orehead
-Madet ool s
-Braincapaci ty100–1 800cc
4.atethreeimpor tanceofRockAr tbymandur ingtheoneAge
4. -Bel i
evedt her ockar thadcont r
ol
-Decorat i
onpur poses
-Itwasawayofl eisur e
-Helpedt odevel opwr it
ingski l
ls
-Awayofpr eser vingcul turalheritage
5.Identi
fytwoeconomi cf actorsthatl edt omi grat
ionoft heKenyancommuni
ti
ess
ear
chf
or
f
ertil
eland

5. -Sear chf orpaurel and

-Ironsmel ti
ng
-Trade
-Hunt ingact i
vit
ies
6.Lidownt wol imitat
ionsofanAl ieni nKenya
6. -Cannotvot eorbevot ed
-Cannotwor kint heci vilservice
-Maynotbecomeacapt ainorpi l
otofar egier edshiporplane
7.Identif
yonet ypeoft rade
7. -Cur r
ency
-bar t
er
8.at etwoadvant agesoft heMacadam r oads
8. -r onganddur able
-Cheapt oconr uct
-raightandsmoot h
-Allweat herr oads
9.Lidownonecont ri
butionoft hewheelt oearlytr
ans port
9. -Easedt ransportoverl ongdi ances
-Enhancedmovementoft roops
-Speedyt r
ansport ationofgoodsandpeopl e
10.atether oleoft he“ gol denool ”int otheAsanteki ngdom
10. -Symbolofuni t
y
11.I
dentif
ythear m ofgover nmentl edbyt hechiefj
ui ce
11. -Judi ci ar
y
12.Identi
fytwocount ri
est hatwer ef ormalIt
ali
ancol oni esi
nAfri
ca
12. -Li bya
-Somal i
13.atetwos our cesofBr itishunwr i
ttenconitut
ion
13. -at utes–act sofpar liament
-Lawofpr ecedent s
-Hioricaldocument sMagnaCar ta
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orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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-Conventionsandpract
ices
14.I
denti
fytwot ownsinWeAf ricawher
eassimi
lat
ionwaswelleabl
ished
14. -Ruf ique
-Dakar
-.
Louis
-Goree
15. a)Expl ai
ns ixdi
sadvant
agesofli
ngui
icsasas our
ceofinf
ormati
ononhi
oryand
government

15.a) -Languagei sdynami c

-Itist imeconsumi ng
-Wor dsar eomi t
t eddur i
ngt ranslation
-Simi larwor dsf rom di ff
er entcommuni tieshavedi f
ferentmeanings
-Somewor dsar edi ff
icul tt ounder and
b)atet hreechar act erii
csofgov er nment
15.b)-Legi timacy–mubeaccept ed
-Jurisdi ction–ar eai nwhi cht her ulesar eappli
ed
-Rules–t ogover n
-Sover eignt y–supr emacy
-Lawenf orcementbodyt hati sthecuodi anofthelawandi tsi
mplementat
ion
16. a)at et hreepr obl emsoft hebar tert r
ade
16.a)-I ndivisibilityofgoods
-Bulkygoodst obet ranspor ted
-Doubl ecoi nci dence
-Measur eofval ue
b)Explai
nt hef act or st hatl edt ot hedecl ineofTr ans-Saharant r
ade
16.b -Thef allofMal iandSonghaiaski ngdom l eftavacuum ofleadershi
p
-Corr upt i
onbyt hechi efsandt r
ader s
-Insecur i
tyf r om war ri
ngcommuni tiesinWeAf r
ica
-PortugueseandSpani ardst ookoverMor occo
-Tuar egsar tedr obbi ngt rader s
-Goldbecameexhaued
17. a)at et hreer at egi cr eas onsf orthes crambl eforandpar ti
ti
onofAf r
ica
17.a)-Egypt i
anquei on
-Frenchact i
vi tiesi nCongoandWeAf rica
-Activi t
iesofKi ngLeopol dofBel gi um
b)Expl ains ixmet hodsus edbyEur opeanst oacquirecoloniesi
nAf r
ica
17.a)-Mi li
t aryconque
-Diplomacyandf or ce
-Companyr ul e
-Treat ies
-Treacher y
-Divideandr ule
18. a)Expl aincaus esoft hemaj imajir ebelli
on
18.a) -Landal ienat ion
-Ther oleoft her eligion
-Revengeoft heNgi r
i
-Thecot tongr owi ngschemes
-Antisoci albehavi ourl iker apeoft hewomen
-Disregar doft heAf ricancul t
ure
-Theempower ingoft heJumbesandAki das
-Forcedl abourdesi ret or etainthei rindependence
-Harshandbr ut all eader ship
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b)atet hr eet ermsoft heBugandaagr eement
18.b)-Boundar iesofBugandawer ei nclusiveoft he1 0sazas( count ri
es)
-Bugandabecameapr ovincewi thint hepr otect oratei.
e.thepower sofKabakawer e
reduced
-Taxwast obecol l
ectedt oeaseadmi nir
at ion
-Halfoft hel andbecamecr ownl andandt her ewasKabaka’ s
19. a)at et hr eecaus esoft hes econdwor ldwar
19.a)-Syemsofal liance
-Coloni aldi sput es
-Thear msr ace
-National isaspi rat ions
-Mur deratSar aj evo
b)Expl ai ns ixs oci alr esultsoft heWor ldWar2
19.a)-Manypeopl el ot hei rlives
-Other swer edi spl aced
-Fami liessepar at edandchi l
dr enbecameor phans
-arvat ionduet of oodshor tage
-Manywomengotanoppor t
uni tyt owor kast hemenwer er equir
edt oenli
-Ther ewasanout breakofdi seasesl ikeSpani shi nfl
uenza
20. a)Expl ains ixchal lengesf acingt heAf ricanUni on
20.a)-Dividedl oyal ty;manyoft hemember sar eaf f
iliatedtootherr egionalorgani
zati
ons
-Over dependenceonai df rom devel opedcount r i
es
-Largef oreigndebt s
-Poori nf raruct ur e
-Mill
itar yl eader si nAf ricahi nderdemocr acy
-Pover tyandconf l
ictsoverscar cer esour ces
-Ethnicandr eligi ousconf li
cts
-Regi onalpowert osomecount rieslikeNi ger ia,Sout hAfri
cai smor eimpor t
antthan
OAU
-Manyconf l
ictskeeponcomi ngback
b)Lidownt hreef ail
uresoft heOAU
20.a)-TheCongocr i
si s
-TheRwandagenoci deof1 994
-Conf lictbet weenmemberat es
-Thechar terdi dnotenhancedemocr acy,humanr i
ghts,peaceandj ui
cehencet he
Afri
can
l
eader sbecamedi ctator s
21. a)Expl ains ixf unc tionsoft heAs sembl yoft hel eagueofNat ions
21.a)-Appr ovest heappoi ntmentoft heSecr et
ar yGener al
-Amendmentoft henon-per manentmember s
-Amendmentofcovenant
-Admi ssi onofnewmember s
-Super visest hewor koft hel eagueofNat ionCounci l
-Appoi nt mentoft he1 5j udgest otheper manentcour tofInternati
onalJuice
-Cont roloft hebudget
-Signst reaties
b)atet hr eecaus esoft hecol dwar
21.b)-Ideologi caldi ffer ences
-Economi crival ry
-Armsr ace
-UseofRussi ansVot opower
-Diff
er entopi ni onsoverGer many
-Milit
ar yal li
ancesandsuppor tt oopponent senemi es
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eEr
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cesCal
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1
.Ident
ifytwochemi
caldat
ingmet
hodsus
edbyt
hear
cheol
ogi
stodet
ermi
net
hedat
eof
f
ossi
ls.

1
. -Radio-carbondat i
ng
-Potassium- argondat ing
2.Giveonechar acteri
icofHomoEr ectus
2 -Upright/bipedal/walkedont wol egs
-Wasmor eintell
igentt hant heear lierapes
-Hadabi ggerbr aincapaci ty( 775- 1225cc)
-Hadmor edevel opedspeecht hant heear l
ierapes
-Hadmor edevel opedhandsf orgr aspi ngtool
s
-Hadal ar geskul l
-Hadpr otrudingj aws
3.Namet wof actorswhi chi nfl
uencedear lymant obegindomei cati
nganimal
s.
3. -Changesi nclimaticcondi ti
onsr esul tedintoari
ditywhichf orcedani
malst
omi
grat
e
-Overhunt i
ngl edt oreduct i
oni nani malpopulati
on
-Incr
easei nhumanpopul ati
onf orcingani malstomi grat
ef urther
-Adoptionofset tl
edl i
fe
-Huntingwast edious
-Someani mal swer esoci aleg.dog/ cat
-Forsecur ityeg.dog
4.I
denti
fytwos i
mi l
arit
iesbet weenear l
yagr icult
ureinMes opotamiaandEgypt

4. -Pr act icedal ongr iverbasi ns

-Bot husedi rrigat ion
-Avai l
abi lityofi ndi genouscr ops
5.Identifyoneadvant ageofbar t
erasas yem ofexchangei nt heTrans-Saharant r
ade
5. (i)Itfaci litatedt radeamongcommuni ti
es
(i
i)I tenabl edpeopl et oacqui ret hecommodi t
iest hattheyneeded
(i
ii)I tenabl edpeopl etodet ermi netheval ueoft heircommodi t
ies
6.atet wous esofcanal s
6. (i)Linki ngi ndur ialcent erst oapar tsoast ospeedsuppl yofr awmat eri
alsandfuel
(ii)Shor tent rader outes
(iii
)Usedf ori rrigat ion
(iv)Cont rolli
ngf loods
7.ateoner esul ti nt hei nvent ionoft hewheeli nMes opotami a
7. ( i)Ledt odevel opmentoft her oads
(ii)Ledt of aermovementofpeopl eoverl ongdi ances/goods
(iii
)I mpr ovedwar fareasi tmovedchar i
ots
(iv)Usedt oi mpr ovepot t ery
(v)F aert ranspor tofagr iculturalpr oduce/ developmentofagr icult
ure
8.Ident i
fyonedi sadvant ageofani malt rans portat
ion
8. (i)Itissl ow/ t
imeconsumi ng/ t
edi ous
(
ii)Maybeat tackedbywi ldani mal s/diseasecar ryinginsects
(
iii
)Cannott r avelatni ght
(
iv)Cannotbeusedt ocar rybul kygoods
(
v)Somear eubbor n
(
vi)Cannott ravellongdi ance
9.atet wodi sadvant agesofus ingcoalasas ourceofi ndurialenergy
9. (i)I tisbul ky
(ii)Itcausespol lution
(iii)Iti sdi ff
icult/expensi vet omi ne
(
iv)I ti snotr eferabl e/easilyexhaui ble
F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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(v)Itisnotreadilyavai l
able
10.at eoneadvant aget hattheCi tyofAt hensderivedfrom beingsurroundedbywat er,
valleysand
highlands
10. ( i)Secur it
y
11.Giveoner easonwhyt hepeopleofAs anteKingdom celebratedtheOdwi r
afeivaldur
ing
the
precol onialper iod 11
.
(i)Pr omot eduni ty
(i
i)Omamher epl edgedl oyal
tytotheAsant ehere
(ii
i)Mour ni
ngt hedead
(
iv)Set t
li
ngdisputesamongt hemselves
12.Gi vet wos oci
alr easonswhi chencour aget heEuropeant oparti
ti
onAf r
icaduring
12. (i
)Toset tl
esur pluspopulation
(ii
)Tospr eadChrii
anity
(i
ii)Topr omoteWeer ncivi
lizati
on
13.Gi veoner eas onwhyt heBr it
ishus eddi r
ectruletoadmi ni
erZimbabwedur ingthe
coloni alperiod

13. (
i)Toaver tresiance/ tof i
rmlycont roltheareaaft
err esiance/f or
eff
ect ivecontrolof
t
he r egion
(i
i)Theseuseenoughadmi ni
r ators
(i
ii
)TheBr i
tishwant edt oexpl oitthemi neralresour
ceswhi chcouldonl ybe
doneusi ng
directaut hor it
y
(i
v)TheEur opeanshadbeent hereal ongt imeast r
adersandset tler
shence
f
ami liarwith
ther egion
(
v)Theexi i
ngpr ecol oni
alsyem ofadmi nir
ationhadalreadybeender oyed
duri
ng
ther esiancesot herewascent r
ali
zationsyem forindirectrule.
(vi
)Tokeepot herEur opeanpower sawayf rom Zimbabwe.
14.I
dent i
fyonepol iti
calr olepl ayedbyKwameNkr umaht hatledtotheat tai
nmentof
i
ndependencei n
Ghana
14.( i)Hewasheadoft hegover nmentPeopl e’sparty(CCP)
(ii)Heuni t
edt hepeopl eofGhana
(iii
)Hepr essur i
zedt heBr itishtol i
ber at
et heAfri
canst hroughpoli
ticalmeet ingsand
rikes
15.Namet woper manentmember soft heUni tedNationsor gani
zati
on
15.( i)USSR
(ii)USA
(iii
)Br i
tai
n
(iv)Chi na
(v)F rance
16.I
dent i
fytwof unctionsoft heBr i
tishpar l
iament
16. (i)Maki ngl aws
(ii
)Amendi ngl aws
(
iii
)Cont rol
sgover nmentexpendi t
ure
(
iv)Appr ovesgover nmentbudget
(v)Di rectsf oreignpol icy
(
vi)Checkspower soft heexecut i
ve
F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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(vii)Debat esi ssuesofnat uralint er e
17.at eonef unct ionoft hePr imeMi nieri nI ndia
17.- Picksmi ni er st obeappoi nt edbyt hepr esident
18( a)Gi vet hr eef act orst hatf avour edt hebegi nni ngofagr icul turedur ingt heNewoneAge
18.a) (i
)Devel opmentoft ool sf orcl ear i
ng,di ggi ngandpl ant i
ngseeds
(ii)Set tledl i
febyman
(iii)Demandf orf oodduet oi ncr easedpopul ation
(iv) Cl i
mat i
cchangeswhi chmadenat ur alfoodscar ce
(v)Pr esenceofi ndi genousseeds
(vi )Hunt i
ngandgat her ingwasbecomi ngt i
resome
(b)Expl ains ixwaysi nwhi cht heAf ricanRev olut ionaf fect edt heEur opeanSoci ety
18.b) (i
)I ncr easedf oodpr oduct i
onl edt ofoodsecur ity
(ii)Popul at ioni ncr easedduet oabundanceoff ood
(iii
)Secur ityl edt oi mpr ovedandar dsofl ivi
ngandhi ghl if
eexpect ancy
(iv)Ledt odi ver sificat i
onofagr icultur easnewcr opswer ei ntroduced
(v)Agr icultur alr esear chl edt odevel opmentofexot i
cl i
veockbr eedsand
betterqual ity
crops
(vi)Lar gescal ef ar mi ngr epl acedsubsi encef ar mi ng
(vii)Landl essnessduet oencl osuresyem andl ar gescal ef armi ng
(viii)Ledt our banmi gration
(ix)Landl esspeasant smi gr atedt oUSA,Canada,Aur ali
aandNew Zeal and
hence
spr eadofAf r
icanr evol ution
(x)Ledt oi mpr ovementoft ranspor tsyem t ot ranspor tagr i
cultur alproductst o
themar ket
rawmat er ials
(xi)Ledt oexpansi onofbot hr ealandi ndur ialtrade
(xii)Ledt oi ndur ializat ionasagr iculturepr ovi dedr awmat erials
(xiii)I tenhancedr esear chandsci ent i
fici nnovat i
ons
19( a)I dent if
yt hr eef act orswhi chl et ot hedevel opmentoft heTr ans -Sahar anTr ade
19.a) ( i)Theexi enceofr ealt radei nt her egi onbet weent heber ber sandt heTuar egz
whi ch
pr ovi ded abase.
( ii)Avai labi li
t yoft radecommodi ties.
(ii
i)Thear easur roundi ngt hedeser tpr ovidedt heagr icul t
uralpr oduct sr equiredi nthe
nor th
( iv)Cor por ationbet weent henor ther nmer chant sandt heTuar egzwhogui dedt he
exchange
poi nt s
( v)TheTuar egzwhoof f
er edsecur ity,gui dedt rader sandmai nt amedt heoasis
(vi)r ongKi ngdomsensur edsecur ity
(vii)I ncr easeddemandf orgoodsi nEur ope
( viii)Theexi enceofoasi s
( ix)Thecamel st hatcr ossedt hedeser t
(x)Theexi enceofr ichmer chant swhopr ovi dedt he
(b)Expl ai ns ixwaysi nwhi cht heTr ans -Sahar ant r adel edt ot hedevel opmentofKi ngdomsi n
Weer n
Sudan
19.b) (i)Tr adepr ovidesr evenuef ordevel opingt heempi r
e.
(ii
)Thr ought radef i
rear msandhor seswer eimpor tedi nt oWeer nSudan
(ii
i)Gover nmentadmi ni rationwasi mpr ovedt hr oughuseof. .
..
..
...personnelwhoact edas
secr et ariesandadvi sor s
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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(iv)Thei ntr oductionofi rontoolsledt oani ncreasei nagri
cul
turalproductionl eadingto
foodsecur it yint hear ea
(v)Theki ngsacqui redper sonalwealthhenceabl et orewardloyalsubjects
(vi)Thet radei mul atedKi ngstoacqui remor et erri
tori
es.
(vii)Thr ought radeKi ngseabl i
sheddi plomaticlinkswi t
hNorthAf ri
cacount riesoft he
Mi ddl eEa
(vii
i)Thr ought radeI slam wasi nintr
oducedi nWeer nSudan,whi chact edasauni f
ying
factor
(ix)Isl ami cShar i
awhi chwasi ntroducedbyt r
ader swasusedi nt headmi ni
r ationof
Kingdoms
20.( a)Ident if
yt hreef actor swhichfacili
tatedthes preadofi r
onwor kingskill
si nAf ri
ca
20.a)( i)Tr ade
(ii)Mi gr ationoft heBant us
(iii
)Thr ought ravel ersandmessenger s
(iv)Thr oughf r i
endl yt i
eswi t
hBant usmithersandsmel t
ers
(v)Thr oughwar f
ar e
(vi)Thedevel opmentofagr i
cultureduet odemandofbet t
erfarmingt ools
(b)Expl ainhowi ronwor kingtechnologyaffectedt hepeopleofAf ri
cadur i
ngt hepre
coloni alper iod

(i
)Ledt oi mpr ovementi nagr i
cult
ur e
(i
i)Ledt oincr easei nf oodpr oduct i
on
(i
ii)Ledt odevel opmentoft rade
(i
v)Ledt oj obspeci alizat ion
(v)Warf arei ncreased
(vi)Syem ofdef ensei mpr oved
(vii
)Emer genceofr ongat es
(vii
i)F acil
itatedmi grationofpeopl e
(i
x)Ledt odevel opmentofear lyur bancenter seg.Mere
21(a)atet hreet ermsoft heBugandaAgr eementof1 900
(i)Bugandaboundar i
eswer edef ined
(ii)TheKabakawasr ecogni zedast heKi ngofBugandat houghwi t
hlimitedpowers
(iii
)Thet hreemi niersKat ikir
o,Tr easur erandChi efj
uicewer erecognized
(iv)TheLuki ikowasconi tutedoft hel egi sl
atureandcour tofAppeal
(v)ABr i
tishr esidencewasat ionedi nBugandat oadvicetheKabaka
(vi)Hal fofthel andwasmadecr ownl andwhi leKabaka,hi smi ni
ersandt hechi
efs
were
givenhal f
(vii)Ahutt axandgunt axwer ei mposed
(
b)Expl ains i
xef f
ect sofAf ricancol labor ationwi tht heEuropeanpower sduringt hepr
e
col
onialper iod

21
.b)( i
)Lossofi ndependence
(ii)Disruptionsoftraditi
onalpolit
icalsyems
(iii
)Pr otectionfrom tradit
ionalenemies
(iv)TheEur opeansusedt hecol l
aborati
ngleaderstoexit hei
rauthori
tyoverother
Afr ican
soci
eties.
(v)Af ri
cansgai nedt hroughacqui si
ti
onofweer neducation,hospit
als
(vi)Mat er i
algainslikeglassware,clothesgunsandammuni t
ions
(vii)Economi cexploitati
onl i
kelandalienat
ion ,mini
ng,taxat i
onandf or
cedlabour
22(a)Namet hreecount riesinWeAf ricawhichwerecolonizedbyF r
ancedur i
ngthe
ni
neteent h
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orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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Century
22.a) (i
)Senegal
( i
i)Ivor
yCoa
( i
ii
)Dahaney
(iv)Uppervolt
a
(v)Guinea
(vi)Mali
(vii)Maur
it
iana
(b)Expl
ainsi
xfact orswhi
chledtot
hef
ail
ureoft
heF
renchpol
icyofas
simi
lat
ioni
nWeAf
ri
ca

22.b) (i)I twasdi f

ficultf orAf ricacommuni tiest oabandont hei rcult
ur es
(i
i)F earofeconomi cr ivalrybyF renchf rom Af ri
ca
(ii
i)Assi milationwoul dunder mi neexpl oi t
ationofAf ricar esourceshenceopposedby
French
men
(iv)Assi mi l
at i
onwast ooexpensi vet oi mpl ement
(v)Opposi tionf r om Af ricat r aditionalr ul eswhodi dnotwantt oloset heiraut hor
ityover
the
assembl es
(vi )Musl imsr esi edat tempt st oconver tt hem t oChr ii
ani t
y
(vi i
)TheF renchci ti
zensi nF renchopposedt hepol icyast heyf ear edbei ng
outnumber edi nt he
chamberofdi sputes
(vi i
i)ManyF renchmenneveraccept edassi mi l
atedAf ricansast heirequal s
23( a)I dent ifythr eechar act eriicsoft heCol dwar
23.a)( i)Pr opagandaagai nopponent s
(ii)Economi candf i
nanci alandt oal iens
(iii
)Mi lit
ar yai d
(iv)Techni calsuppor tandal i
ens
(v)Non- cooper at i
onansensi tivei ssuebet weensuperpower s
(vi)Economi cl i
abi l
iti
est owar dseachot her
(b)Expl ains ixachi evement soft heNon-Al i
gnedmovement
(i)Ithasenabl edmemberat est ospeakwi t
honevoi ceint hei nternational form
(ii
)I thasavai l
edf undst omemberat esfort hei mpr ovementofagr icul
t ureandfood
pr oduct s
(iii
)I thashel pedspeedupt heat tainmentoff reedom i natest hatar ei llunder
col oni al
bandage
(iv)I thashel pedmember st osaf eguar dt heirnat ionalsecur i
tyandt er ri
tori
al
integr ity
(v)I tcont ribut edt ot her elaxat i
onofi nter nationalt ensionbykeepi ngcl earofthe
twomi lit
ar y
blocs USAandUSSR
(vi)I thasgi venmember s’freedom t opar ttheirnat i
onalinter ebef oret hoseofthe
pur ebl ocs
(vii)NAM hascont ribut edt ocondemnar msr acehencepr omot ingdi sar mament
(viii)NAM haswor kedt owar dst hecr eationoft henewI nternationaleconomi corders
its
member s’t radewi thei therbl oc
(ix)NAM haswor kedt ocr eatet henewsci entifi
candt echnologicalor derast hey
favouraccess
t
ot hemoadvancedt echnol ogyandsci ent i
fi
cr esear chavai lable
24( a)at et hreef unct ionsoft heuni tedat esofAmer icafeder alGover nment
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24.a)( i)I tformul atesanddi r
ectsf orei
gnpol i
cies
(ii)Itregul at est radebet weent heat esandf orei
gncountri
es
(iii
)I taut hor izest hepr inti
ngandci rculati
onofcur rency
(iv)I tdecl ar eswarandmar kspeacewi thot hercountr
iesoftheworl
d
(v)I tregul at est axationwi t
hint heU. S.A
(vi)I tgivesgr antst omember satesandmoni torsit
suse
(vii)Itresol vesdi sput esinvolvingdi f
ferentat es.
(viii)Itadmi tsnewat esi ntotheuni on
(ix)I teabl ishesf eder alcour t
s/supr emecour t
(x)I tpassesf eder allaws
(xi)I teabl ishesf eder alar medf orces
(xii)Iteabl i
shesf eder alpoalser vicesi ntheU. S.A
(xiii)Itfor mul at espol iciesgover ningi nternalsecuri
ty
(b)Explains i
xf act orst hatcont roltheconductoft hePr esi
dentoftheuni
tedat
esofAmer
ica
(USA)

24.b)( i)Congr esscheckst hepower soft hePr esi

dentappoi ntmentofexecut i
vepositions
(ii
)Congr esscanr efuset oappr ovet heuseofgover nmentf undsf oraforeignpol
icy
(ii
i)Congr esscani mpeachasi ttingpr esident
(iv)TheSupr emeCour tmaydecl ar eapr esidentt ohaveactedunconi tuti
onall
y
(v)Theconi tutionl imi tsanyi ndividualt othet wo4- yeartermsasapr esi
dent
(vi)ThemassMedi ahaveact edasamaj orcheckonPr esi
dentialpowerbymoni t
oring
hisspeech
as act ion
(
vii)Pr essur egr oupscheckonpr esidentialactions
(
viii)Publ icopi nionl imi tspr esident s’actions
1.Namet womet hodsus edi ndat i
ngmat eri
alsoft hepa
1 -Geol ogi calper iods
-Chemi caldat i
ng
-r atigr aphy
-F issi ont rackdat ing
-Lexi co-at iics
2.Giveones cient i
fics our ceofhi ory
2. -Bi ol ogy
-Pal aent ol ogy
-Geol ogy
-Pal aent ol ogy
3.atet wof eat ur est hatdi ingui s
hmanf r om otherpr imates
3. -Hi sabi lityt ot hink
-Hi sopposedt humbandf orefingerwhi chenabl ehimt ograspobj ects
-Hecandi scover
-Hehast heabi l
ityt oinvent
4.Inwhi chwaydi dt hedi scover yofar i
thmet ichel pear l
yfarmersinEgypt
4. -I twasusedi nr ecor di ngoft hef ore
5.Diingui shbet weenbar terandcur rencys yemsoft rade
5. Bar tert radei nvolvest heexchangeofgoodswi thothergoodswhi lecurr
encysyem of
trade
whi l
ecur rencysyem oft r
adei nvolvest heuseofmoneyt opur chasecommodi ties
6.Ment i
ont hemai ni t
em oft radef rom Weer nSudandur i
ngt hetr
ans -saharantrade
6. i )Sl aves
7.atet wous esofpi pelineasameansoft r
ans port
7 -Tr anspor tl i
qui d
-Gases
F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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-Soli
dl iquid
-Wat er
8.Identi
fytwoat esthatformedt henucleusoftheAsanteEmpir
e
8. -Dwaben
-Bekwai
-Kokof u
-Nsula
-Kumas
9.Identi
fyoneas pectofr ealdemocr acy
9. -Pol i
t i
calaspect
-Economi caspect
-Socialaspect
10.Mentiont wocommuni tiesthatt ookparti
nthemaj imaj
iupri
singof1
905to1
907
10. -Mat umbi
-ThePogor o
-Ngindo
-Zaramo
-Bena
-Mbunga
11
.atethemai nfactorthatf aci
li
tatedEuropeancoloni
zat
ionofAfr
icadur
ingt
heni
net
eent
h
century

1
1. -Super iorweaponsoft hewhi t
es
1
2.at
et wor olesofchef sdecant ointheF renchcol oni
aladminir
ati
on
1
2. -Recr ui ti
nglaborforpublicworks
-Actedasspysf ortheFrenchcolonialgovernment
-Keepi ngr ecordsoftaxpayersint hecant on
-Assiingt hegover nmentinrecrui
tingAfricansinthear my
1
3.WherewasSamor iToureoftheMandi nkaempi r
edepor t
edafterhi
scapt
urei
n1898
1
3. i )Gobon

1
4.Whatwast hei mmedi atecaus eoft heSecondWor ldWar
4. i
1 )Thei nvasi onofPol andbyGer manwhi chBr i
tainhadvowedt odef end
1
5.Whichwast henamet hatwasgi vent ot hef ormerOr ganizat
ionofAfricanUnity(OAU)
5. i
1 )Afr
icanUni on
1
6.Menti
ont wof oundermember sofnon-al i
gnedmovement
1
6. -Jawahar lalNehr uofI ndia
-Sukar noofI ndonesi a
-Mar shal lTitoofYugosl avia
-GomalNasserofEgypt
-ChouEn–LaiofChi na
1
7.Whi
chist hemai npol it
icalchal lengei nAf rica
7. i
1 )Poli
ticali nabilit
y
1
8 a)atet hr eer eas onswhyear lyagriculturebegunal ongtherivervalleysinEgyptand
Mes opot ami a
1
8. a) -River spr ovidedwat erfori rri
gations
-River scar r
iedr ichsoi ls/si l
ts
-River spr ovidedmeansoft r
anspor t
-Peopl eeabl ishedset tl
ement salongr i
vervalleysbecauseEgyptandMesopot ami
a
arein
deser tzones
b)Explai ns ixfact orsthatf acilit
atedt hedevel opmentofear l
yagricultur
einEgypt
1
8.b) -Avai labilit
yofwat erf orirrigati
onf rom r iverNile
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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-Thef er til
esi ltoft heNi l
eval ley
-Thei nvent ionofi rrigat iont echni quesi ncl udingt heShadoof
-Avai labi li
tyoff oodvar iet i
est hatcoul dbedomei cat ede. g.wheatandbar l
ey
-Avai labi li
tyofani mal st hatcoul dbedomei cat ede. g.goat s
-owl edgeofweat herf or ecai nghel pedf armer st opr edictseasons
-Nat ur alpr ot ect ionf rom enemi esbyt hedeser tint heWe,t hehar bour l
esscoal inein
the
Nor th
-Avai labi li
tyoff reel aborf rom sl aves
-Thei nvent ionofOx- dr awnwoodenpl oughs
-Goodandabl epol iticall eader s
19. a)I dent if
yf ivef ac torst hatl edt ot hegr owt hofLondon
19.a) -Devel opmentoft radi ngact iviti
esasear lyast heRomant i
mes
-Cul tur alcent re:I thadsever alt heat res
-Rel igi on:I twasar eligiouscent ree. g.bui ldingof. Paul scat hedr al
-F i
nanci alcent ree. g.Romansmi ntedcur r encyi nLondondur i
ngt heirper i
od
-Locat i
on:Thel ocat ionofLondononr iverThamesenabl edt heci t
yaccessbot hto
thei nt er ior
andt hesea
-Itgr ewasanadmi nirat i
vecent re
-Indur ializat i
on:I ndur iessuchast ext i
le,shi pbui lding,met alwor kandchemi cal
attract ed
alar gepopul at ionduet oavai l
abilityofempl oyment
b)Expl ai nhowt heagr arianandi ndur ialdevel opmentaf fect edt hegr owt hofur ban
center
s
inEur ope
19.b) -Wi tht hedevel opmentofAgr iculturemanbegant oleadaset tledlife
-TheAgr ar ianr evol ut i
onl eftt hepoori nBr itainlandl ess.Theymovedt ourban
cent ers
insuchofempl oyment
-Eabl i
shedset tl
ement sdevel opedi nt ot owns
-Sur pl usagr icul t
ur alandi ndur i
alpr oduct sl edt ot radet husexi enceoft r
ading
cent er swhi chdevel opedi ntot owns
-Somepor tsl ikeLondonandAt henswer eusedasexpor tandi mpor tpointsfor
agr icul turalandi ndur ialpr oduct s
20. a)Lit hr eecount r i
est hatwer ecol onizedbyt heGer mansi nAf rica
20.a) -Tanganyi ka
-Togo
-Rwanda
-Bur undi
-Camer oon
-Sout hWeAf r i
ca( Nami bia)
b)Expl ai ns ixt ermsoft heBer linconf er enceof1 884–1 885
20.b) -Spher eofi nfluence–AEur opeancount ryt hati dent i
fi
edonewast onot if
yot hers
-Effect iveoccupat ion–ampt heiraut hor ity
-River sCongoandZambezi–Openf reef ornavi gat ionbyal lpower s
-Occupyi ngEur opeanpower swer et odevel opt ranspor tint heirter r
itor
y
-Thati faEur opeanpowercl aimsacer tainpar tofAf ri
cancoat hel andint hei nteri
or
behi ndt hatcoabecameaspher eoft hecl aimant
-Pr ot ect ionofwhi temeni rrespect iveoft hei rnat i
onal itye. g.mi ssionaries,traders,
expl orer s
-Theyagr eedt oopsl avet r adeandpr omot el egitimat et rade
-KingLeopol dofBel gium wasr ecogni zedast heheadoft heCongoF reeat e.
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21
. a)at efiveachi evement soft henon-al ignedmovement
21
. a)-I thel pedspeedupdecol onizationofar easunderf orei gnr uler
-I thashel pedmemberat est osaf eguar dt heirnat ionalsecur ityandt erri
torial
integr ity
-I tcr eat edaconduci veenvi ronmentf orpeace,j uiceequal ityandi nter nati
onalco-
oper ationbynotsuppor t
ingper manent l
yUSAandUSSR
-I tenabl edmemberat esputt heirnat ionali nteresbef oret hoseoft hepowerbl ocks
-I tenabl edi tsmember st oacqui reeconomi c,mi li
taryandt echni calassiancef rom
bot h
powerbl ockst husr educi ngeconomi cdependencyonei t
hert heEaorWe
-Themovementpl ayedamaj orr olei npr essur i
zingf ordi sar mamentasawayof
promot ing
inter nat ionalpeaceandsecur ity
-Itpl ayedani nt er nationalcr isismanagemente. g.the1 961Ber lincr i
sis
b)Whatf act orscont r
ibutedt otheendoft hecol dwar
21.b) -Thedeat hofal inwhowasahar dl inerandt hesuccessi onoff lexi bleleader swho
wer e
readyt ohol dt alkswi tht heWe
-Aser iesofnegot iationsbet weenUSAandUSSRr esul tedi ndi sar mament
agr eement s
-Gor bacher ’spol icyofhol dingt alkswi thUSpr esidentr esul tedi nt oar msr educt ion
andmor e
cooper at ionbet weenUSAandUSSRwasencour aged
-In991USSRcol lapsedandt hatendedt hecol dwar
-Russi an’ swi ll
ingnesst oco- oper atewi tht heWe
-Thecol lapseoft hecommunir uleinEaer nEur opeeasedt ensi onandpr omot ed
fri
endshi p
bet weent heEaandWe
-Uni f
icat ionofGer mani n1 990meantt hatthet wopower swer enol ongersor ict
about
mai ntai ningt hei rspher esofi nfluence
-Di ssol ut ionoft heWar sawpacti n1 991meantt hatt hemi l
itaryal l
i ancest hathad
cont ribut ed
t
ot hecol dwarwer enol ongerneeded
22 a)at et hreef unct ionsoft heMweneMut apaoft heShonadur ingt hepr e-colonial
period
22.a)-Headofgover nmentandat e
-Symbolofnat ionaluni ty
-Chi efr el i
gi ousaut hority
-Cont rol ledt rade
-Commanderi nchi efoft hear my
-Cameupwi thr ul esf orthevassalat es
b)Expl ai nt hes oc ialdevel opment sinTanzani as i
ncei ndependence
22.a)-Ther ewasexpansi onofeducat ionf acili
ti
esandf reeandcompul soryeducat i
onf rom
primary
levelwasi ntroduced
-Uni ver sityofDar -es-sal aam wasf oundedi n1 961andSokoi neUni versityatMogor o
tot each
agr i
cul tur e
-Educat ionhadt oaccommodat et hesoci aliideasandi tt her efor eemphasi zedsel f
reliance
-Adul tl it
er acypr ogr ammeswer epr omot ed
-Ther ewasal otofemphasi sonagr icultur
eandt echni calsubj ects
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-Ki swahi l
iwast hemedi um ofi nr uct i
onandnat ionall anguage
-Anumberofhospi tals,di spensar iesandcl inicswer eeabl i
shedt oi mpr ovepeopl es
heal th
especi allyt hr oughbet ternut rition
-F reedom ofwor shipwasguar ant eed
-Ther uleofwomenwasgr eat lyappr eci atedandt heywer eof f
er edsameeducat ional
and
empl oymentoppor tuni tiesasmen
23. a)Ment i
ont hreecaus esofPanAf ricanis m
23.a) -Af ricanswer ef or cedi nt osl aver ydur i
ngt het rans- Atlant i
c.Theysuf f
eredal ot
underthe
Whi tes
-Raci sm –Af ricanswer edespi sedandr idicul edont hegr oundofcol oranhai rtext ure
(Seen
asi nf erior )
-Col oni zat ionofAf rica–Af ricansexper i
encedal otofoppr essi ondur ingt hecol oni al
rule
-Educat ion–Educat edAf ricanswant edt opr ovet hatAf r i
canswer eci vi
li
zedpeopl e
wi thar i
ch
hioryandcul tur e
-Eur opeanmi ssi onar i
eshaddi scr i
mi natedagai nt heAf ricans/Af ri
cansf ormed
independent
chur chesl eadi ngt ot her iseofPanAf ricani sm
b)Di scus st heachi evement sofPan-Af ricanmovement
23.b) -I twasaf orer unnerofOAU
-I tcr eat edasenseoft oget her nessamongt hepeopl eofAf ricanor i
gin
-I thel pedpr omot enat ional ism andat tainmentofi ndependenceamongAf ri
canat es
-I tlaidf oundat i
onf ort hei nt er ei nr esear chonAf ricancul tur eandhi or y
-I tpr ovi dedaf or um f orAf ricanpeopl et odi scusst heircommonpr oblemswi thone
voi ce
-I tencour ageCo- oper at ionamongAf ri
canl eader sandat est owar dsdecol onization
-I twasaept owar dst her eor at ionoft heat esanddi gni tyofAf ricanpeopl e
24. a)I dent i
fyadvant agesofaf eder als yem ofgover nment
24.a)-Af f
or dsat esaccesst owi dermar ket
-Enabl esat est obenef itfr om t hepoolofr esour ces
-Pr otect st hei nt er esofsmal lat esandmi nor itygr oups
-Smal lerat esar eassur edofsecur itybyj oi ntdef ensef or ce
-Assi sat est ot ackl epr obl emswi thar r
itedf ronte. g.t err orism,dr ugt raff
ickinge. t.c.
-Encour agest radet hroughuseofacommoncur rencyandr emovalofcuom bar r
ier s/
dut ies
b)Des cr ibet hel imi tationsofpr es ident ialpower si nt heUSAf eder als yem
24.b) -Pr esi dent ialappoi ntment sar eappr ovalbyt hecongr ess
-Thecongr essmayormaynotappr ovet heuseofgover nmentf undsf ora
for eignpol icy
e. g.war
-Congr esscani mpeachasi ttingpr esi dent
-Thesupr emecour tmaydecl ar eapr esidentt ohaveact edunconi tutional
-Thepr esi dent ’st er mi sl i
mi tedt ot wof ouryeart er ms
-Themassmedi amoni tor st heconductandspeechoft hepr esident
-Pr essur egr oupsmaydi sappr ovepr esident ialact ions
-Publ i
copi nionmaybeusedt oaccessapr esident sper for mance
-Apr esi dent spar tycanl osei t smaj orityi ncongr essduet of requentel ections
oft he
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houseofr epresentati
vesandt hesenate
1.Gi
vetwos ourcesofi nf
ormat i
oni nhioryandgovernment
1. -Or altradition
-Archaeol ogy
-Paleontology
-Geology
-Anthropol ogy
-Genet i
cs
-Writtenr ecor ds
2.Wherewer et her emai nsofdryopithecusAfri
cans(proconsul
)found?
RCH
2. -Rusi ngaI sland
3.Namethemai ni tem thatwasexpor t
edfrom TaghazaduringtheTransSahar
ant
rade

3. -Sal t RCH
4.Whatwast hemai ncont ributionofJohnmac Adam i nt hedevel opmentofr oadt rans
port?
4. -Bui ltthef i
rt armacr oad 5.at
e
twowayst hr oughwhi chs laveswer eobt ai nedint heTr ansAt lantict rade
5. -Bysel l
ingpeopl ecapt ureddur ingwar s/sel li
ngwarcapt i
ves
RCH
-Byent i
cing/l uringwi thgi f
ts
-Byki dnappi ng
-Bysel l
ingdebt or s
-Bysel l
ingani mal s
-Byr aiding
6.atether oleoft hegol denooli nt heAs antek i
ngdom dur i
ngt he1 9th cent
ury
6. -Act edasasymbolofuni t
y
7.atetwor eas onsf ort hes ucces sofear l
yagr iculturei nMes opot ami a
7. -Regi onwasendowedwi thindi genouscr opssuchasbar ley,dat ese. t
.c.
- Thesi l
tdeposi tsi nt hel owerTi grisandEuphr ateswer esui tablef oragricult
ure
- Heavyr ainsi nZaggr oesmount ainscont r
ibut edt ofloodsont her i
vervalleysand
helpedIi rrigation
8.atet wof unct ionsoft heLuki kocounci lsoft heBugandaki ngdom
8. -Advi sedt heKabaka
-Assi edt heKabakai ntheadmi nirat i
onoft heki ngdom
-Madel awsandi mpor tantdeci sionsi ntheki ngdom e. g.decl aringwar
-Ser vedasacour tofappealt oset tl
edisput es
-Di rectedcol lect ionoft axesorpl annedgover nmentexpendi t
ur e
9.at ethemai nr eas onswhyt heBr itishwer eintereedi nUganda
9. -Tocont rolt hesour ceofR. nile,thesour ceofl ivelihoodi nEgypt
10.Namet hepol iti
calpar tythatl edZi mbabwet oi ndependence
10. -Zi mbabweAf ricanNat ionalUni on( ZAPU)
11.I
dentif
yt woear l
yur bancent ersi nAf rica
11. –Cai r o
-Mer oe
-Kilwa
12.Whoi st heheadofgover nmenti nI ndia?
12. -Pr i
meMi nier RCH
13.atetwoweaponst hatwer eus edi nt hecol dwas
13. -Pr opaganda
-Mi ll
itarysuppor tt oal li
es
-Economi csanct ions
-Financi alai dt oal li
esandenemi esoft heot hersi de
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-Bui l
dingalli
es/sat ell
iteates
-Ar uno/race/proliferati
on
-Takingsi desinci vilwars
14.Whatwer ethemai nr eas onsthatmadeUSAt
oremainsneut
raldur
ingWorl
dWarIfora
long
t
ime?
14. -Monr oedoct ri
neof1 823 RCH
15. I dentif
ytheEur opeanspowerwhi chus
edt
hepoli
cyofassi
milat
etoadmini
erher
coloni
es

15. -ThePor t uguese

16.at etwot er msoft heBer linconf er enceof1 885?
16. -AnyEur opeanpowermaki ngcl aim ofat erritoryi nAf ricamui nform ot herEuropean
nat ionssot hatt hecl aim coul dber atified
-Occupyi ngpower shadt ocommi tt hemsel vest oabol itionofsl avetr ade
-TheCongo,ZambeziandNi gerr iversandt ributar i
eswer el eftopenf orusebyal l
power s
-Europeanpower smaki ngcl aimsoft erritor i
eshadt oef f
ect i
vel yoccupyt heareas
17.Identif
yt woper manentmember soft heUNOSecur it
yCounci l
17. -USA RCH
-Br i
tai n
-France
-Chi na
-Russi a
18.a)atef i
vechanges whi chmar kedt heAgr ar i
anr evolutioni n Br i
tai n
18.a)-Abol itionofl andf el lowper iods
-Introduct ionofi nter croppi ngandnewmet hodsofmai nt ainingsoi lf
er til
it
y
-Useofsci ent ificmet hodsoff armi ngandl iveockbr eedi ng
-Useofmachi nes/devel opmentofnewf armi ngt ools
-Introduct ionofl andencl osur e/landconsol idation
-Impactofi ndur ial
izat i
onr evol uti
onl edt ot hedevel opmentofmoder nagr i
cult
ure’
-Eabl ishmentofr oyalgeogr aphi calsoci et y
-Devel opmentofsci entificmet hodsofpr eser vingagr i
cul turalpr oducee. g.scanning
and
refriger at i
on
-Devel opmentofagr icultur alr esear chtoi mpr ovesoi l
sandcr opyi elds
b)Expl ai
nf iveef fect sofAgr arianr evol utioni nBr itain
18.b)-I ncreasedf oodpr oduct ion
RCH
-Ledt odi ver sificationofagr icultur e
-Introduct ionofl argescal ef ar ming
-Richf armer sboughtl andf r
om poor
-Farmer sl edt ogr owt hofcapi t
alif arming
-Itledt or apidi ndur ial
izat ion
-Itledt odevel opmentofwagel abouri nt heagr iculturalsect or
-Itimpr ovedsci entificresear chandi nvent ions
-Itledt ol andl esspeopl emi gr atingt oUSA,Aur alia,S.Af ricae. t.c.
-Itledt ogr owt hofawor kingcl assi nthef armsandt ownswher enewi ndurieswere
comi ng
up
-Itledt our bani zati
onandr ur alur banmi gr ationi nBr i
tai n
-Itledt ocl assconf lictbet weent hewor kingcl assandt hecapi talil
andowner s
-Itledt ot heemer genceofnewf or msofagr iculturalcr isesbecausemoder n
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agr i
cultur ei n
Br it
ain
-l ackedi n-bui ltsaf et yval ves
19.a)at e ei ghtpr oblemsf aced by t heTr ans -Sahar ant rader s
19.a)-Lackofacommonl anguagemadei tdifficultf ort het rader stocommuni cate
RCH
-Thej our neyt hrought hedeser twassomet i
meshazar dous
-Somet i
mest rader sl ot hei rwayt hrought hedeser t
-Tr ader swer eat tackedbydeser tr obber sandwoul dl oosemooft heirbel ongings
-Thej our neyacr osst hedeser twasl ongandsl ow/t i
resome.I tsomet imest ookthe
tradersas
manyast hreemont hst ocr oss.
-I nadequat efundst opayt axes,buygoodsandpaygui des
-Pol iti
cali nabi l
ityi nnor thandWeAf ri
cal edt oi nsecur i
tyt otrader s
-Ri val rybet weencar avansandcompet i
tionsomet imesl eadingt owar
-Uncomf ortableweat her -toohotdur i
ngt hedayandt oocol ddur ingt heni ght
-At tacksbywi l
dani mal sandi nsectse. g.scor pions,snakese. t
.c.
-Devel opmentoft r
iangul art r
adedi vertedt heat tent i
onoft rader stot hesout h
-Exhaui onoft radegoodse. g.sal t
,gol de. t.c.
b)Expl ains evenwaysi nwhi cht heTr ans-Sahar ant r
adel edt ot hedevel opmentof
kingdomsi n
Weer nSudan
19.b)-Wasasour ceofat er evenuet hroughi mpor tandexpor ttaxespai dbyt r
ader s
-Ki ngsacqui r
edhouses,f i
rear ms/weaponsf rom Nor thAf ricawhi cht heyusedt o
eabl i
sh
rongar mi est odef endandexpandt heempi re
-I slami csher iawhi chwasi ntroducedbyt rader swer eusedi nt headmi nirationoft he
kingdom
-Theki ngswer eabl et oacqui r eper sonalweal th.Thi shel pedt hem commandr espect.
They
alsousedi tt or ewar dthei rl oyalsubj ect s
-Thet radei mul at edl ocalt radewhi chgener atedat eweal th
-Musl i
m per sonnelwer eusedbyt heki ngsasadvi sor sandsecr etaries.Thi sledto
effecti
ve
admi niration
-Thet rademot i
vat edt heki ngst oacqui remor et er r
itoriessot hatt heycoul dacquire
the
benef its
-Tr adeenabl edt heki ngst oeabl ishdi plomat icl i
nkswi thNor t
hAf ri
caandcount ri
esof
the
mi ddleEa
-I slami cr eligiouswasusedasauni fyingf act or
20. a)Ident i
fyt hree communes wher et hepol icy ofas simi l
at i
on s ucceededi nweAf ri
can
20.a)-Gor ee
-.Loui s
-Dakar
-Ruf isque
b)Expl ains ixr eas onsf ort hef ail
ur eoft heF renchpol icyofas simil
at i
oni nt her eof
FrenchWe
Af rica
20.b)-Opposi tionbyl ocalpeopl ewhodi dnotwantt heF r
encht ointer f
er ewi tht heir
culture
-Tr aditionalAf r i
canr ul erswhodi dnotwantt ol oset heiraut horityandi nfl
uenceover
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t
he
peopl e
-Thepeopl ewhohadbeenconver tedt oI slam resi edt heF renchat temptt oconver t
them to
Chr ii
ani ty
-Ther ewasopposi tionbyF r
encht rader si nWeAf ri
cawhosawt heassi milat edAf r
ican
as
pot ent iat hr eatt ot hei rcommer cialmonopol yi nt her egi on
-TheF renchgover nmentf oundi texpensi vet oimpl ementt hepol icybecausei t
requir
ed
bui ldingmanyschool sandempl oyingmanyt eacher s
-Thevanessoft heF renchcol oniesmadei tdiffi
cul tt osuper viset hei mplement ati
on
ofthe
pol icyofassi mi lation/i nadequat eper sonnel
-TheF renchpeopl ei nF ranceopposedt hepol i
cyofassi mi lati
onbecauset heyf eared
they
woul dbeoutnumber edi nt hechamberofdeput iesandt hatt hel awswoul d be
madeby
repr esent ativesf rom t hecol oni es
-Sl owi mpl ement at i
onoft hel awsduet obur eaucr aticar r
angement soft heF rench
admi nirat ion
-Thedi ffi
cul tcondi tionofat taini
ngF renchci t
izenshi pe. g.mi l
itaryser vi
ce,andar dof
educat ion,monogamy
-Themi ssi onar yschoolsyem under minedt hepol icyofassi mi l
at ion
-Af ricannat ional ism caughtupwi tht hepol i
cy
-Ti mewast ool imi tedt ochangeSenegal esecul ture
21.
a)atet hr eemer itsoft he us eofant hr opol ogyasas our ce ofhi oryandgover nment
21.a)-Hel pst ounder andhowcul turesevol ved
-Onecant racepossi blepai nteract ions
-Hel pst ounder andr uctur esofsoci et i
es,f ormsofsoci alor gani zat i
onandgover nment
-Hel pst oexpl aint heaspect soft heeconomy
-Hel psunder andhowsoci etyf unct ions
-Compl ement sot hersour cesofi nfor mat ionaboutcommuni ty
-Canhel pt or evealsi mi l
ar it
iesint hei nitut i
onsofdi ff
er entcommuni tiesandpossi ble
int eract ions
-Itgi vesadeeperunder andi ngofapar ticularaspectofpeopl es
b)Expl ai ns ixr eas onswhyt heudyofhi oryi si mpor t
antt ot hel earner s
21.b)-Toowt heor i
gi nofmanki nd,hisdevel opment sandt hepr ogresshehasmade
-Toappr eci atet heachi evement sandl ear nfrom t hef ai l
uresofmanki ndint hepa
-Tounder andhowhumanbei ngsdependonandr el atewi t
heachot her
-Tounder andandappr eci ateourcul t
ur easwel lasot herpeopl e’scul tur
e/t odevel op
asense
ofbel ongi ng
-Toi nspi repat riot i
sm andnat ional ism amongci tizensast heyl ear npapol i
ticalevents
-Tocompr ehendt hesoci al,economi candpol i
ti
caldevel opmentofoursoci ety
-Tobeowl edgeabl e/t oacqui reowl edge
-Togi vet i
meandspacet opaevent s
-Tousehi or icalr ecor dssuchasf ami net opr epar epeopl ef ort hef uture
-Todevel opcr it
icalt hinking/mi ndaswet rytoexpl ainhi oricalevent s
-Topr ovi dei ntellect ualf ul f
il
lmentt ot hel earner
-Toi nf luencecar eerchoi ces–l awyer ,teacher se. t.c.
22.a)atef ivecaus es ofcol d war
22.a)-I deol ogi caldi ffer encesbet weent heEaandt heWe
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-Re-ar
mament/armsraceamongmajorpowers
-UseofRussi
anVetointheUNOsecurit
ycounci
ltocount
ert
heWe’sdomi
nance
-Dif
fer
encesoverGer
many.TheWepr efer
redaronganduni
tedGer
manywhi
lethe
Ea
all
ieda di videdandweakGer many
-Economi cr i
val r
ybet weent het wopowerbl ocs
-Format i
onofmi lit
aryalliancesandt heaccompanyi ngguaranteeformili
tar
ysupport
-Europeanconf li
ct sInthel ate1 940si ntensif
iedtension
b)Explainfivecons equencesofcol dwari nthewor ld
22.b)-I tledtoi ncreasedhoi li
ty/f earandsuspi cionbet weent heWeandt heEa
-Itint
ensi f
iedar msr aceandspacer ace
-Itcontributedt oci vilwar si nvar i
ouscount r
iese.g.Vietnam,Korea,Angolae.t.
c.
-Itledtoper manentdi visionofsomecount riese.g.NorthandSout hKorea
-Itcontributedt odi visi
onofi ntocapi t
aliandcommunicamps/spr eadofcapit
ali
sm
and
communi sm wor l
dover
-Neo-col onialism ent eredt hepol i
ti
calscene
-Itbroughtaboutgl obalization
-Itledtodi ctator shipespeci all
yincommunicount ries
-Itledtof ormat ionofpol it
ical/mi l
itaryalli
ancese. g.NATOandwarsawpact
-Itledtor ehabi li
tationofJapanandot hercount r
iesalli
edtot heWe
-Itledtot hef ormat ionofnonal i
gnedmovementbydevel opingcountr
ies
23.a)Give threer eas ons whyt heBugandacol l
aboratedwi t
hthe Br i
ti
sh between1875and
1900

23.a)-TheKabakawant edpr otect ionagai ntheOmukamaofBunyor owhowasat hreatto

his
posi tionandt r
ade
-KabakaMut esaIwant edt osaf eguar dhisposi t
ionandi ndependenceoft he
kingdom
-Hewant edpr otectionagai nKhedi ve I shmailofEgyptwhowant edt oextendhis
territ
ory
into Buganda
-Hewant edt otradewi tht heEur opeanst ogett hei rgoods,especi al
lyguns
-TheKabakawant edmi li
tar ysuppor tfr
om t hepower f
ulEuropeans
-ToAcqui r
eWeer neducat ionf orhi speopl eandsubj ect
s
b)Discus ss ixcons equencesoft heBugandacol l
abor ationwit htheBriti
sh
23.b)-TheKabakagai nedpr eigeandwasr eferredt oas“ Hi shighness”
-Africanscommuni tieswer esubj ect edt oeconomi cexploitati
on,taxati
onandl and
alienati
on/
lo cont rolovert heirrevenue
-TheBugandaacqui redWeer neducat ion/Hospi tals,school sandmi ssi
onat i
onswer e
set
upi nt heki ngdom
-TheBugandal othei rpoliticalindependence/Bugandaki ngdom wasr educedt oatus
ofa
pr ovincewi t
hint heBr iti
shpr otect orat e
-Theywer eusedbyt heBr iti
sht oexer taut horit
yovert heBugi su,Busogae. t
.c.
-Theygotpr otectionovert heirtradi ti
onalenemi es
-Tradei ncreasedbet weent heBugandaandt heBr iti
sh
-TheBugandagai nedmat er i
albenef it
s/Thebugandaempi reexpandedbybenef it
ing
from the
ter r
itoriesconquer edbyt heBr itish
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-ManyBugandapeopl
ewer econvert
edt oChr
iiani
ty
-I
tcurt
ail
edthepowersoftheLukikoandKabaka
24.
a)atethr
ee requi
rement
sf orelect
ionint
ot he houseofr
epr
esent
ati
ves i
ntheUSA

24.a)-Atl ea25year sol d

-Muhavebeenaci tizenofUSAf rnotl esst han7year s
-Mubeaci tizenoft heat et heyr epr esent
-Mubenomi nat edbyapol i
ticalpar ty
b)Expl ains ixfact or scont rolli
ngpr esident ialpower sint heUSA
24.a)-Congr essmuappr oveal lpresident ialappoi ntment stoexecut iveposi ti
ons
-Congr esscanr efuset oappr ovef undsf orf or eignpol icywi t
hwhi chi tdisagrees
-Thesupr emecr u-maydecl areapr esidentt ohaveact edunconi t
ut i
onallyand
negat ive
what everdeci siont heyhaveaut hor ized
-Theconi tutionl i
mitst hepr esidentt ot woyeart er m
-Themassmedi amoni torscl oselyever yact ionorspeechoft hepr esident
-Pr essur egr oupsal sohel pcheckpr esi dent ialact ions.Whent heydi sappr ovehis
actions,
mor allyhe i sf oundt or econsiderhi sact ions
-Publ icopi ni oni nt heUSAr ef l
ectt hewi shesoft hepeopl eandpl aysavi talr
olein
li
mi ti
ngt he
pr esident sact i
ons
-Regul arel ect i
onsoft hemember soft heHouseofRepr esentat i
vesever ytwoyear s,
condi ti
ons
thepr esi dentandhi spar tytoactcar eful l
yorel sei tloses2/ 3maj orityint hecongress
1.atet wowayshowHomoer ectusat t
empt edt oi mpr ovehi sl if
e
1. -I nvent edf i
r eforcooki ngandwar mi nghi msel f
-Domei cat edani mal sandcr ops
-I nvent edmor eef fi
cientt oolst oeasenhi swor k
2.at et wof act or st hatl edt ot hebegi nningofear lyagr icult
ur edur i
ngt henewoneAge
period
2. -I nvent ionoft ool swhi chmadewor keasi er
-I nvent ionoff irewhi chwasusedt ocl eart hebushest husal lowi ngr e-gr owthof
plants
-Hunt ingandgat heringwasnotf oundr eliable
-I ncr easei npopul ation
-Cl imat icchangescausedoccasi onalpoorf rui tsofr oot syields
-Nat ur aldi saer ssuchasf loodandf or ef ir
eswoul dkillanimal sandcausessur vi
vors
mi gr at ef urtherawayf r
om man
3.Gi vet wof actor swhi chl edt oear lyurbani zat i
oni nAf ri
ca.
3. - Tr ade
-Mi ning
-Rel igion
-Admi niration
-Secur i
ty/def ence
-Tr anspor tandcommuni cation/cr oss–r oads
-Agr icul ture
-Educat i
oncent res
-Avai labi li
tyofwat ere. g.oasi s
4.I dent ifyt wol imi tationsofus i
ngAr chaeol ogyasas our ceofi nf
ormat iononHi oryand
Gover nment .
4. -Expensi vesour ce
-Di ff
icul tforar cheol ogist olocat enar cheol ogi calsite
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eEr
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-Itist i
me–consumi ng
-Ar ti
fact sandf ossi lsar ef ragi let her efor ecaneasi l
ybr eak
-Limi tedt ot heudyoft heanci entper iod
-Infor mat ionmaybei naccur at e
-Noteasyt oaccur at elydet er mi net hedat ewhent heevent stookpl ace
5.at et hemai nf unct i
onoft heGol denooli nt heAs ant eEmpi redur ingt hepr e-colonial
per i
od.
5. -Thegol denoolboundt oget heral lt heAsant eat es/i twasasymbolofAsant euni t
y
6.at eones ocialf act orwhi chencour agest heEur opeanst opar tit
ion.Af r
icadur ingt he
Ni net eent hCent ur y
6. -Towi peoutt hesl avet radef rom t hecont inent
-Tospr eadChr i
iani ty
-Ther ewasneedt oset tl
et hesur pluspopul at
ion
-Riseofr aci sm andpat ri
ot ism –super iort hanot her scol ouroft echnol ogicaladvance
7.Gi vet hedi f
fer encebet weenmember s hipi nt ot heHous eofLor dsandHous eofCommons
7. -Member shi pi ntot hehouseofLor dsi st hr oughnomi nationwhi l
emember sintothe
houseof
commonsar eel ect edbyt hepeopl e
8Gi vet wowayst hr oughwhi cht heat tainmentofi ndependencei nGhanacont r
ibutedt he
li
ber at ionof
otherAf ricancount riesf rom col oni alr ule.
8. -Ghanamot ivat edot herAf ricancount riest or engt hent heiri ndependencer uggle
-Dr .KwameNkur uma,pr esi dentofGhana,becamemor evocali nagitat i
ngf orthe
cour seof
ot hernat i
onal isi ngl obalf or um i .e.i nternat ionalf orum
-Ghanapl ayedal eadi ngr olei nt hef ormat i
onoft heor gani zationofAf ricanUni ty
(OAU)
whi chwasi nrument ali nt hel iber at i
onofot herAf ri
cancount ri
es
-Ghanagavef inanci alandmat erialsuppor tt oAf r
icanLi ber ationMovement
-Ghanaal lowedsomeAf ricannat ional ist oeabl isht heirmi lit
ar ybasesi nthecount ry
9.I dent ifyt wor eas onswhyt heBr i
tis hus edcompanyr ulest oadmi nierAf r
ica.
9. -Theyl ackedenoughper sonnel
-Theywant edt ousel ocaladmi nir ator stoavoi dr esi ance
-Tor educet hecoofadmi ni ration
10.I dent ifyt hemai ncaus eoft hecol dwar .
10. -I deol ogi caldi f
ferencesbet weenUSAandUSSR
11.ateonepr obl em whi chf acedt heLeagueofNat ions . .
11. -I nabi lityt oset tl
edi sput esbet weenmemberat es
-Lackofmi l
itaryr engt hwi t
hwhi cht oi mpl ementi tsobj ectives
-Lackofadequat ef unds
-nat ional iambi tionsofmembercount ries/Reamament s
-Lackofsuppor tandcommi tmentbymaj ore. g.USA
12.Gi veoneadvant ageoft heus eofcoalasas our ceofI ndur i
alPoweri nBr it
ain.
12. -I twascheap
-Itwasavai lablei nl argequant i
ties
-Itwasmor eef f
icientt hanot hersour cesofener gyatt hatt i
me
13.Gi vet wor eas onswhyt heLozicol l
abor atedwi tht heBr iti
shdur ingt hecol onizationof
Af ri
ca
13. -Theywant edt osaf eguar dt hei ri ndependence
-Inor dert ogetsuppor tagai nt hei renemi ese. g.Por tuguese/Boer s/Ger manyand
Ndebel e
-Soast opr otectt hei rlandf rom bei ngal ienat ed
-Theywant edt oacqui reEur opeanmanuf act uredgoods/t rade
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-Thei rl eaderwasi nf luencedbyt hemi ssionar i
es
-Thei rl eaderwasi nf luencedbychi efKhamaoft heGwat o
14.Gi veoner equi rementf oronet obeal lowedt ocont easapr es i
dent i
alcandi datei nthe
Uni t
ed atesofAmer ica.
14. -Onemubeaci ti
zenofAmer i
cabybi rth
-Onemubear esidentoft heUSAf oratl ea1 4year s
-Shoul dnothavebeenf ort het wof our–yeart erms
-Unl essonei sani ndependentcandi dat e/he/shemubenomi nat edbyapol iti
cal
par t
y
-Mubeatl ea35year sofage
-Mubemor all
yupr ight
15.WhatwasLoui sPaeur ’scont r i
but iont os ci ence?
15. -Hepr ovedt hatdi seasesar ecausedbymi crobesorbact eria
-Hef ur thershowedt hatt hemi cr obescanbeki ll
edbyheat ,paeur i
zat i
on
16.Gi veoner eas onf ort heUSA’ sent ryi nt oWor l
dWarI .
16. -Ger many’ sdecl ar at ionofunr erict edsubmar i
newar fare
-TheZi mmer mannl etterwhi chur gedMexi cot oat tackt heUSAf rom t hesout h
-TheUSAwant edt oensur evi ctor ybyt heAl l
iessot hatshecoul dr ecovermoney
l
oanedt o
them dur i
ngt hewar
17.at et hemai nadvant ageofus i
ngAi rt rans por t
17. -I ti st hef aemeansoft ranspor t
18( a)Whatwer et hef ac tor st hatcont ri
but edt odevel opmentofAgr icultur ei nanci entEgypt
and
Mes opot ami a
18.a) -Avai labi l
ityofwat erf ori rrigat i
on/pr esenceoff l
oodwat er
-Exi enceofgoodsoi ls
-F or eigni nfluencef r om sout hweAsi awher ecr opf armi ngwasf irpr act i
ced
-Invent i
onanduseoff armi ngt ool s/pl oughi r
ont ools
-Bui l
di ngoff oodor esoror agef acilities
-owl edgeofweat herf orecahel pedf ar mer st opl anf ort heseasonsandor ewat eri
n
tanks
-Invent i
onofshadoofandot hermet hodsofi r
rigat ion
(b)Expl ai nt hef act orst hatl edt ot hegr owt hofAgr arianr evolut i
oni nBr it
ain
18.b) -I ncr easei npopul at ionl edt ohi ghdemandi nf oodl eadingt otheAgr ari
anr evoluti
on
in
Br itain
-Devel opmentofi ndur ializat ionl edt ot hei ncreasei ndemandf oragr i
culturalraw
mat erials
l
ikecot t onf orpr ocessi ng
-Devel opmentofnewf armt ool sandmachi nesf orf ar ming
-Landconsol idationwher ebysmal ll andsownedbyi ndividual swasgi vent olandlords
-Devel opmentofsci ent i
ficmet hodsofpr eser vingagr i
culturalpr oducee. g.
devel opmentof
canni ngandr ef riger ation
-Impr ovementoft r anspor tandcommuni cationmadei teasyt ot r anspor tagr i
cultur
al
produce
tour bancent res
-F ailur eoft hei ragr icul tur alpr act icesi nBr itainbef ore18th cent ur yt osat isf
yt he
increasei n
demandf orf oodandr awmat erialsnecessi t
atedchangei nagr icul t
ur ehence
Agr ar ianr evol ution
-Devel opmentofnewmet hodsofmai nt ainingsoi lfertil
itye.g.cr opr otati
on
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-Sci ent if
icr esear chonr evol utionencour aget heappl icationofsci entifici deasand
techni quesi nf armi ng.Thi sl edt ot heuseoff ertil
izer s,pei ci
des,her bici desand
sel ect ioni nbr eedi ngofani mal s
19(a)Gi vef ivef actor st hatl edt ot hegr owt hofAgr arianr evol utioni nBr itai
naheadofot her
countri
es .
19.
a) -Br itainhadr eadymar ket sforheri ndur i
alpr oduct swi thi
nt heBr i
t i
shempi re
-Theempi rewasal soasour ceofr awmat eri
al sfori ndur iesi nBr i
taine. g.i ron
-Shehadal ar ger eser vesofcoalwhi chwasusedasasour ceofi ndur ialener gy
-Shehadawel leabl i
shedcot t
agei ndurywhi chpr ovi dedabasi sf ort hei ndur ial
growth
-Someoft hei nvent ionst hataccel eratedi ndur i
alizat ionwer emadei nBr itain.F or
example
Theeam engi ne
-Br itainhaddevel opedar ongeconomi cbasebecauseofherpar ti
cipat ioni n
overseast rade/
Macat i
lesyem/capi tal
-Ther eexi edacl assofr ichbusi nessmenwhower ekeent oi nvei nthei ndur ies
-Avai l
abi l
ityofl abour /unski lledf ollowingt hedi splacementofpeasant sasar esul tof
the
Agr ar i
anr evol ut ion
-Agr arianr evol ut ionl edt opr oduct ionofadequat ef oodf ort hei ndurialwor ker s
-Exi enceofwel ldevel opedbanki ngandi nsurancesyem whi chadvancedl oanst o
ent repr eneur s
-Pr ot ect i
onofhert radi ngshi psf r om pi racybyherr ongnavy
-Br itainhadawel ldevel opedt ranspor tsyem bot hl andandwat er
-Avai l
abi l
ityofski ll
edl abour
-Br itainhadar el ativel yl ongper iodofpeaceandabi lity/r ongl eader shi p
-Pol icyoff reet r ade
(b)Expl ainhowt hedi s cover yofi roni nAf r
icaaf f
ect edpeopl e’sl i
vesi nt hecont inent .
19.b)-I tledt otheexpansi onofAgr i
cul t
ur esi ncef oresandbusheser eeasi l
ycl ear ed
-Theuseofi r ont ool sl edt oi ncr easedf oodpr oduct ionandt hisensur edf oodsecur i
ty
-I ront oolswer eusedast radegoodsbet weencommuni t
ies
-Pr oduct i
onofi r onweaponsl edt oi ncreasedwar farebet weencommuni ti
es
-I ronwasal sousedt omakeweaponsf ordef enceagai nenemi es
-Useofi r
onweaponsmadesomecommuni ti
est oconquernei ghbor i
ngcommuni ti
es
leadi ngt ocr eat ionofempi re/ki ngdoms
-Iron-smel tingl edt ot her iseofspeci ali
zedpeopl et hebl aciths
-I tledt omi gr at ionandset tlement
-Ledt oear l
yur bani zat ione. g.Mer oe
20.(a)I dent if
yf i
vepr obl emst heTr ans—Sahar an.t rader sf aced..
20.a)-Longandt iresomej our neysacr osst hedeser t
-I nadequat ewat erandf ood
-Ext remeweat hercondi tionsoft hedeser t
-ver ycol datni ghtandver yhotdur ingthe
day
-At tacksbyhoi ledeser tcommuni ti
es
-Lackofcommonl anguagef ort ransact ingt rade
-F requentsandor ms
-Lossofdi rect ioni nt hevadeser t
-At tacksbydanger ousdeser tcr eat uressuchasscor pions,snakes
-I nsecur itybecauseofdecl iningandf alli
ngki ngdoms
-Exhaui onsoft radegoodsespeci allygol d
-F requentshi ft soft rader out es
-Theywer er obbedbydeser tpeopl e
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(b)Expl ainf ivewaysi nwhi chWeAf ricancommuni t
iesbenef it
edf rom t heTr ans -
Sahar an
trade.
20.b)-WeAf ri
cancommuni tieswer eabl et oacqui reessent ialcommodi tiesf rom t het r
ade
forexampl ecl oth,gl asswar e,hor se,f irear msandsal t
-Commer cialcent r esdevel opedal ongt het rader out ese. g.Ti mbukt u,Jenne,gaoand
Kano,t heseenhancedl ocalt rade
-SomeAf ricanl eader seabl ishedr ongar mi esf ordef endi ngandexpandi ngt heir
kingdoms
-Iti mul at edt hepr oduct i
onandexchangeofl ocal l
ypr oducedcommodi ti
essuchas
gold,kol anut s,i vor yandsl aves/i mul atedl ocalt rade
-Itl edt ot hespr eadofI slam
-Int roduct ionofI slami ccul tur ei nWeAf r i
cae. g.ar chi tecturaldesi gnsandcl othing
-Int roduct ionofI slami ceducat i
oni nWeAf ri
ca.Manycent r
esofI sl ami ceducat ion
wer eeabl ished
-ItopenedupWeAf r
icat ot heout sidewor l
dandt heeabl ishmentofdi plomat i
c
relationswi thNor t hAf rica
-Shar ial awsbecamet hebasi sofadmi nir ationoft heWeAf r i
canat es
-Iront ool sacqui r edt hr ought radecont ribut edt oagr icult
ur alpr oduct ion
-Revenueobt ainedf rom t axesont rade wer eusedt odevel opempi res
21
.( a)Gi vet hreecaus esf ort hedevel opmentofpan-Af ri
canmovement s ..
21
.a) -Af ricanswer efor cedi nt osl aver yi nAmer icadur i
ngt heTr ans-At lant ictrade-
suffer edal otundert hewhi tepeopl e
-Raci sm –Af ri
canswer edespi sedandr idi cul edont hegr oundofcol ourandhai r
textur e( seenasi nf erior )
-Col oni zat ionofAf ri
ca–Af ricansexper i
encedal otofoppr essi ondur ingcol onialrul
e
-Educat ion–educat edAf r i
canswant edt opr ovet hatAf ri
canswer eaci vilizedpeopl e
withAf ricahi or yandcul tur e
-Eur opeansmi ssionar ieshaddi scr imi natedagai nt heAf ri
cans/Af ricansf or med
independentchur chescont ribut ingt ot her iseofPan–Af ricani sm
(b)Expl aint hepol i
t i
calchal lengesoft heDemocr aticRepubl i
cofCongo( DRC)hasf aced
sincei ndependence.
21
.b)-Ar myandpol i
cef or ceswer econt rol l
edbyf or eigner s.Lackofpr epar ednessoft he
peopl ef ori ndependence
-Inadequat eAf ricanmi litar yper sonnelt okeeppeaceandsecur ity
-Di visionwi thi nt hedi ffer entet hni cgr oups
-Absenceofnat i
onalpol iticalpar ties
-Ar mymut ineswer ecommon/agai nwhi t edomi nat edar my
-F orei gni nt er vent ionandi nt erfer encei nZai rebyBel giums
-Secessi onimovementoft heKat angar egi on( shaba)l edbymoi seI shombewi ththe
helpofBel gi umsandl at erKasaiat tempt edt osecede
-Lackofuni t yamongt hepol i
ticianse. g.LumumbaandKasavubuwhobecame
politicalant agoni s
-Assassi nat ionofLumumbai nDecember1 960t rigger edof ft heCongocr i
si s/br eak
downoft henat i
onwi thser iousconsequences
-Ci vilwar sandspl itofcount r yi nt ot wopar tsvi zt heonecont rolledbyLumumbaand
theof tenpar tcont rolledbyKasavubu
-Thepeopl eofZai reneverdevel opedasenseofpat riot i
sm
-Mi litarydi ct ator shi pandmi smanagementt hatf ollowed
-Thel ongdr awnoutr uggl et or emoveMobut uf rom power
-Theci vilwari nnei ghbour ingAngol a
-Lackofadequat equal ifiedper sonnelt omanageadmi nir
at iveposi tionsi nDRC
22(a)at et hr eef act or st hatf aci litatedt heappl icat ionoft heF renchpol i
cyofas simi l
ation
int hef ourcommunesofSenegal .
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22.a)-Thepr esenceofahi ghnumberof“ mul l
atoes”peopl eofmi xedpar ent agebet ween
EuropeansandAf ricans
-Thecoaalpar tsofSenegalhadcont actswi thF rancef oral ongper iodt obeabl eto
assimi l
atet heF r
enchcul t ure
-Thepeopl ei nt hef ourcommuneshadbeenconver tedt oChr iianityandt husf oundit
easyt oacceptChr ii
ani ty
-Theyhadi nt er actedf oral ongper i
odoft i
mewi thEur opeanmi ssionar ies,col onial
admi nirator sandt rader s
-Af r
icansi nt hef ourcommunesspokeF renchandbel i
evedt hemsel vest obebl ack
Europeans
(b)Di scus st heef fectsoft heF renchpol icyofas similationi nSenegal .
22.b)-Theappl icat i onoft heassi milationpol icyl edt ot hepr omot ionofF renchcul t
ur ein
Senegal
-Thepol icyofassi mi lationunder minedAf ricancul tur easmanyadopt edF rench
cul
ture
-Itunder mi nedt heaut hor i
tyoft het radi t
ionalr uler sast heywer er eplacedbyt he
assimi l
atedAf ricans
-Senegalwasi ncor por atedi ntoF r
enchRepubl i
candr egar dedasanover seas
provinceofF rance
-Afri
cansf rom Senegalwer eal lowedt opar ticipatei nt hepol iti
calaf fai
rsofF rance.
Someoft hem becameDeput iesandmi niersi nt heF renchgover nment
-Itunder mi nedt hespr eadofI slam i nt hef ourcommuneswher emanyAf ricanshad
adopted
Chr i
ianity
-Itcr eateddi visionamongAf ri
cansi nSenegal .Somebecameci ti
zenswhi leot hers
becamesubj ect s
-Itcr eatedacl assofpr i
vilegedAf ricanswhower er egardedt obeequalwi t
ht he
Whi teF renchpeopl e
-Itledt ot hedevel opmentofWeer n/F rencheducat i
oni nt hef ourcommunes
-Itcr eatedacl assofAf r
icansel itewhospear headednat i
onal i
sm
23.( a)Ident i
fyt hr eeeconomi cact i
vitiesoft heBagandadur i
ngt hepr e-col oni alper iod.
23.a)-Theywer et r ader s
-Theygr ewcr opse. g.mi llet,bananas
-Theywer ei ronmonger s/wor ker s
-Theypr act i
sedweavi ng
-Theypr act i
sedpot t ery
-Theykeptl iveock
-Theymanuf act uredbar kcl oth
-Theymadeboat sandcanoes
-Theywer emi ners
-Theyhunt edandgat her ed
(b)Des cribet hepol iticalor ganizat i
onoft heBagandadur ingt hepr e-col onialper iod.
23.b)-Bagandawasacent r
al i
zedat e/ki ngdom headedbyt heKabaka
-Theof ficeoft hekabakawasher editar y
-Hi scour twast hef inalcour tofappeal
-TheKabakawascommander–i n-chi efoft hear my
-Ther ewasapr imemi ni erwhoassi edt heKabakat or ungover nment
-Ther ewasacounci lofmi nierswhi chconsi edoft heKat ikiro( PM) ,Omwani kaand
Omul azi
-Ther ewer emi nohi efsi nchar geofcl ans,t hesewer eownast heBat aka
-Ther ewasal egislat i
vebody( Lukiko)whi chdi scussedi mpor tantmat tersaf fect i
ng
theki ngdom
-Theki ngdom wasdi videdi ntocount iescal ledsazaheadedbysazachi ef
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-Thecount ieswer edi videdi nt osub–count iescal l
edGambol alaheadedbya
gombol ol
achi ef
-Gombol olaswer edi videdi nt osmal lerdi
vi sionscal ledmi l
ukaheadedt heki ngdom
andconquer i
ngmor eland
-Vassal sat eswer egover nedbyBat ongoleswhower eappoi ntedbyt heKabaka
24( a)Describehowt hegover nmentofUni tedatesofAmer i
ca( USA)i sor ganized
24.a)-I tisaf eder alsyem ofgover nmentconsi i
ngof50at es
-Eachat ei sar epubl i
cwi thitsowngover nment .Nodi rectcont r
olf rom t hef ederal
government
-Eachat ehasi t
sownconi tutiongui dingitsowni nt ernalaf f
airs.Theconi tuti
onsdo
notcont radictthef eder alconi tution
-Eachat ei sheadedbyagover nor
-Thef eder algover nmenthasbi camer all
egi slaturemadeupoft wohousesi .e.the
senateandhouseofr epr esent at ives
-Thepr esidenti sassi edbyt hevi ce–pr esi dentwhocant akeoveri ncaset he
presidentdies
-Thef eder algover nmenti sheadedbyapr esi dentwhoi sel ectedaf ter4year s
-Member soft hecongr essar eel ectedbypopul arvot eandeachat ei sr epresentedin
thecongr ess
-Thecongr essmakesl awsandchecksont hepower sofUSApr esident
-atej udiciarycompr i
sesoft hef ederalcour tsandsupr emecour ts
-Supr emecour tist hehi ghei nUSA
-Ther eissepar ati
onofpower sbet weent hel egislatur e,execut iveandj udiciaryin
USA
-Thef eder alatecont rolf oreignaf fai
rs.Defence,t r ade,t axation,i ssuingofcur rency
andsol vingdi sputesbet weenat esandci tizensofdi ffer entat es
-Thecongr esschecksont hepower softheexecut ivei nUSA
(b)Explaint hei mpor tanceoft hemonar chytot heBr i
t ishpeopl e
24.b)-Thepr esenceoft hemonar chy( king/queen)hel pst ogi vesomecont i
nuityt o
executivepol i
cy

-Theexi enceoft hemonar chisani nspi

rati
ont otheheadsofgover nmentandi nil
lsa
senseofr esponsi bilityanddi gnit
y
-Thequeenorki ngact sasausef ulcouncil
ort ogovernmentandi ni
llsasenseof
responsi bi
li
tyanddi gni ty
-Thequeenorki ngact sasausef ulcouncil
ort ogovernmentleaders
-Themonar chyi sasymbolofBr it
ishunityforthelargercommonweal t
hofnat i
ons
-Itset aandar dsforsoci allif
ei nBrit
ainandar ousesintereinvari
ousact i
vit
iesand
devel opmentef forts
-Ther oyalfami l
ypaysat evisitstoforei
gngover nmentandunder minest oursinother
count ri
esoft hecommonweal t
h,hencecont ri
butingtobet t
erunderandingbetween
Brit
ai nandot hernat ions
1
. Sour ceofor alt raditionst hatpr ovi
dei nf
ormationonHi oryandGover nment.
1 -Folkt ales/ories .
-Prover bs.
-Songs .
-Riddl es.
-Legends .
-Myt hs
-Tonguet wi er.
2. Onet heoryt hatexpl ainstheor i
ginofman.
2. -Cr eationtheor y/Biblicaltheory.
-Myt hi
calort radi
tionalt heor y.
F
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eEr
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cesCal
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-Theevol ut i
ont heor y.
3. Adapt ationst hatdi i
ngui shmanf r
om ot herpr imat es.
3 -Upr ightpour e.
-Hi ghert hi nkingcapaci ty.
-Abi li
tyt ogr as pandgr ipobj ects.
-Devel opmentofl anguageduet oj awsandt eet hthatmandevel oped.
4. Onesub- speci esofHomosapi ens.
4 .-TheRhodes i
anman.
-Neander thalman.
-Cr o-Magnon.
5. TwousesofAcheul ianhandaxes.
5. -Ski nning.
-Shar peni ngboneandwood.
-Scr appi ngani mals kin.
-Di gging.
6. Twomai nmet hodsoft rade.
6. -Cur rencyt r
ade
-Bar tert rade
7. Onemet hodofi r r
igat ionusedi nanci entEgypt .
7. -Bas i
n/ canal
-Shadoof
8. Limitationsofhumanpor t
er age.
8 -Itwass l
ow,cumber s omeandt i
res ome
-Onl yal imi t
edqual i
tyofgoodscoul dbecar riedatapar ti
culartime.
-Nots ui tabl ef orl ongdi ances .
9. Char acter iicsofmacadami zedr oads.
9 -Al l
-weat herr oad.
-Hadgoods ur f
ac edr ainage.
-Theywer er aight .
-Wer es moot handhencepr ovidedgoodmot orings er
vice.
-Theywer echeaperandqui ckt oconr uct.
1
0. Twoadvant agesofspaceexpl oration.
1
0. -Hasenabl edmant oudyuni verse.
-Hasi mpr ovednavi gat ion.
-Hasenhanceddef ens es yem.
-Hasi mpr ovedai rt rans por t.
1
1. Twoear lyusesofwood.
1
1 -Maki ngf i
r e.
-Smel tingofi ronor e.
-Cooki ngf ood.
-Us edf orhunt ing.
1
2. Twousesofcoaldur ingt hei ndur i
alr evoluti
on.
1
2. -F orlight ing.
-Topr oduceeam byheat i
ngwat er .
-Todr ivel ocomot ivesort rai
ns .
-Conver tedt ocoalt arwhi chwasus edf ors mel t
ingmet als.
-us edi nt hemanuf act ureofdyes ,phar maceut i
calproductsandpl ai
cs.
-Topowerdr iveeam engi nesi nfactories.
1
3. Twowaysi nwhi chcent ralizationofaut horit
ycont r
ibut
et othesuccessofBuganda
kingdom.
1
3. - Hel pedt oenhancel oyal t
yt oones i
nglel eader .
- Ledt oef f
ect ivecont roloft heki ngdom.
- Ledt oemer genceofr ongki ngs hipwhi chl edt oas uccessfulkingdom.
F
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eEr
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cesCal
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- Promotedcont
rolofothertradi
ti
onall
eaderswhi
chledtouni
tyoft
hekingdom.
1
4. I mmedi
atecauseoftheWor l
dWarI .
1
4. -As sas
sinat
ionof
ArchdukeFranzFerdi
nand,thei
rhei
rtotheAur
ali
anthr
onein
Sar
ajevo.

1
5. TwoEuropeanpowerswhi
chtookpar
tint
hescr
ambl
eandpar
ti
ti
onofWeAf
ri
ca.
1
5. -Br
it
ain -Fr
ance.

1
6. ( a)Changest hatmar kedt heAgr arianRevol ution.InBr it
ain.
1
6.a)-Us eofmachi nese. g.i ronpl ough,t ractor sandcombi nehar veers.
-Abol i
tionoff all
ows ,wher emor el andwasputundercul ti
vat i
on.
-Thel andencl os ures yem byf enci ng.
-Appl icat i
onofs cient i
ficpr inci plesoff armi ng.
-Appl icat i
onofnewmet hodsofmai nt ainings oilferti
li
tye.g.us eofferti
li
zersndcrop
rot
ati
on.
-I nter croppi ng.
-Adopt ionofnewmet hodsandt echni quest hr ought her oyalagr i
cult
uralsoci
ety
whichpubl ished
thel at ei nfor mat iononagr icul ture.
1
6.(b)Ef
fect sofAgr ar ianRevol utioni nBr itain.
1
6.b)-Mec hani zat ionoff ar mi ngi ncr eas edpr oduct i
on.
-I ncr eas edf oodpr oduct i
on.
-Incr eas edpopul ation.
-Ledt oi ndur iali
zat i
onduet ot hepr es enceofr awmat eri
als .
-Tr ans por ts yem i mpr oved.
-Ledt odi ver sifi
cat i
on ofagr i
cul ture.
-Di splacementofs mal ls cal ef ar mer s.
-Devel opmentofwagel abours incepeopl ewer eempl oyedi nfactor
ies.
-Devel opmentofpl ant at ionagr icultur e.
-Enhancedr es ear chands ci ent i
fici nnovat i
ons
1
7. ( a)Advant agesofai rt r anspor t
.
1
7.a) -I tov er comess eabar rier s.
-I ti sver yconveni entf orl ongdi ances .
-Hasenabl edt rans por tat ionofper ishabl egoods .
-Canbeus edi ni nacces siblear easf oremer gency.
-I ti sindependentofphys icalbar ri
er se. g.mount ains.
-I ti sthef aemeansoft rans por t.
1
7.(b)Impact sofmoder nai rt rans por t.
1
7.b)-I tpr ovi desempl oyment .
-Hasi ncr easedsoci alandcul t
ur ali nter actionamongpeopl e.
-I thasenhancedwi l
dl ifemanagementandconser vati
on.
-Hasbooedt our ism i ndur y.
-Hasbeenusedi nweat herf orecai ng.
-Hasi mpr ovedspaceexpl or ation.
-Haspr omot edi nt ernat ionalco- oper ationandunder anding.
-Hasencour agedwar far ee. g.wor l
dwar s.
-Haspr omot edt er ror ism e. g.hi jackingofpl anes.
-Hascausedf atalacci dent s.
-Hascausedenvi ronment alpol l
ut ion.
-Hasi mpr ovedsecur ityassol dier scanbef lownt otroubledar eas.
1
8. ( a)F actor st hatcont ribut edt ot hedevel opmentofear lyur bancent r
es.
1
8.a)-Avai labi l
ityofwat ere. g.nearr iver sandl akes .
-Cent resofadmi nirat ionl aterdevel opedi ntot owns .
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-Avai labi li
tyoff oodanddevel opmentofagr iculture.
-Avai labi li
tyofmi ner alsat t
ractedpeopl et os ettleinanar ea.
-Ur bancent resdevel opedi nar easwi thgoodt ransportandcommuni cation.
-Rel igiouscent resdevel opedi nt ot owns .
-Cent resoft r adedevel opedi nt our bancent res.
-Pl acest hatwer er ategi callypl acedandhads ecur it
ydevel opedi ntot owns .
18.(b)Pr oblemsf aci ngCai r
oasamoder nur bancent re.
-Incr eas edr ateofcr imebecaus eofunempl oyment .
-F oods hor t agebecaus eofofhi ghpopul ati
on.
-Hous ingpr obl emsl eadi ngt odevel opmentofs l
umsands hanties.
-Pol lutionofai rfrom i ndur i
es ,des erts andsandbur ningofgar bage.
-Poors ani tat ion.
-Tr affi
cj ams .
Unempl oymentduet ohi ghr ateofr ural- urbanmi grati
on.
19. ( a)Communi tiest hatt ookpar ti nt heMaj iMaj ir ebelli
on.
19.a)-Zar omo -Ngi ndo
-Mat umbi -Ngoni
-Bena. -Lugur u
-Pogor o. -Wamwer a.
-Bunga -Ndendeul e.
-Ml unga.
19.(b)Causesoft heMaj iMaj irebel li
on.
19.b)-TheGer manyr ulewashar s handbr utal .
-Forcedl abouroncot tonf arms .
-Rut hles s nes soft heAki dast ot hel ocalpeopl e.
-TheGer manEaAf ri
caCompanyi mpos edhutt axwhi chwascol lectedwi thharshness
.
-Int r
oduct ionoff or cedcot t
ongr owi ngpr ogr ammes .
-TheNgoniwant edt or evenget he1 889mas s acrebyGer manswher eNgonipeopl e
wereki l
led.
-Di sres pectofAf ricancul tureandcuomsbyt heGer mansandt heirs ervants.
-Landal ienat ion.
-Immuni typr omi sedbyKi njekitil
ei nmagi cwat er.
-Chr iianmi s sionar iesdi s creditedt radi tionalr eligionandt hei
rpl acesofwor ship.
20. ( a)Economi cor gani zat i
onoft hepeopl eofAsant eEmpi reint he19th c.
20.a)-Theygr ewcr opss uchaskol anut s,gr ains ,fruitsandyams .
-They, keptl iveocke. g.cat tle.
-Theyhunt edgamemeatandgat her edf ruits.
-Par ticipat edi nl ongdi ancet r
ade.
-Par ticipat edi nt hel ocalt r
adewher et heyexchangedf ish,saltandcl oth.
-Pr acticedi ronwor kingandmadehoes ,bangl esandar r
ows .
-Pr acticedcr afte. g.madebas ketsandpot s.
-Theyal s omi nedgol d..
20.( b)Factor st hatl edt ot hegr owt hoft heAsant eEmpi re.
20.b)-Hadal otofweal thyder i
vedf rom t heTr ans -sahar ant r
adeandTr i
angul artrade.

-Thekingdom hadal otofuni t

ybr oughtbyt hegol denool,odwir
afeivalandcommon
anceors.
- Ableandpower fulleaderse.g.Os eiTut
uandOpukuWar e.
- Severalcit
yat esdevel opedar oundKumas iands uppor
tedeachot her.
- Theempi rehadar ongagr icult
uralbase.
- Largeandef f
icientar my.
- Thecent r
ali
zedpol iticals
yem underAs ant ehencepr ovidedpoli
ti
calabil
it
y.
- Thekingdom waswel lposit
ionedgeogr aphical
ly.
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- Theneedt opfreethemsel
vesfrom oppr
es si
verul
eofDenkyir
aki
ngdom mot
ivat
ed
them t
ocreatear ongate.
21
. ( a)Theaimsoft heLeagueofNationsanditsformati
on.
21
.a)-Mai nt
enanceofwor l
dpeace/pr
eventoccurrenceofanotherwar
.

-Peacef uls ett l

ementofdi sput est hr oughar bitrationandnegot iati
on.
-Res pectf ort hepol i
ticali ndependenceands over eigntyofmemberat es.
-Di sar mamentandr educt ioni nar msmanuf act ure.
-Encour agei nter nat i
onalco- oper ationt os olveeconomi cands ocialprobl
ems .
-Er adicat et raf f
ic kingi ndr ugs ,womenandchi ldren.
-Combatdi seas es .
-Sor toutt hepr obl em ofr efugees .
21.(b)Theachi evement soft heLeagueofNat ions.
21.b)-I twasi mpr ovedl abourcondi tionst hr oughI LO.
-Regul at edt hepr i
vat emanuf ac tureofar ms .
-Hel pedt oer adicat es l
aver y.
-Hel pedi nwarr econr uct i
oni nvar iouscount ries .
-F acilitat edt hecombat i
ngdi seas est hr oughheal thor ganization.
-Its uper vis edt hemandat edt er ri
tor iest akenf rom Ger manyandTur key.
-Pr es er vedwor ldpeaceupt o1 939.
22. ( a)Char act eriicsofdi rectr ulei nZi mbabwe.
22.a)-Pr es enceofal ar genumberofEur opeans ett l
erswhoent renchedt hems elves
poli
tically.
-LackofAf ricanr epr es ent at i
oni nLegco.
-Al i
enat ionofl ar get r
act sofl andbywhi tes et tlers.
-F orcel abour .
-Er os i
onofpoweroft raditionalchi efs .
-Raci aldi scrimi nat ionagai nAf ricans .
-Us eofChar t erCompanyB. S.A.Co.t or ule.
-Impos itionof hi ght axes .
-rictv ot i
ngqual ificat i
onsf orAf ri
cans .
-Af ri
canspus hedi nr es erves .
-Af ri
canswer ei mpover i
s hed.
-Af ri
canseducat ionwasdi s cour aged.
22.(b)Consequencesoft heLandAppor t
ionmentActof1 930onAf ricansi nZimbabwe.
22.b -ManyAf ricansbecamemi gr antl abour er si nmi nes,townset cwher etheyover worked
and
under paid.
-BeAf ricanl andwast akenawayl eavi ngt hem wi thunpr oduct ivel andchar acteri
zed
by
over gr azing,s oi ler os i
onet c.
- Af ricanswer emadepoorf or cing t hem t olivei ns l
imsandr eserveswher ethey
f
acedar vat ion.
- Di sr upt ionoff ami lyl i
feands ocialr ol esasmenmovedt ot ownst olookf orjobs
l
eavi ng behi nd woment oper for mr ol esfor mer l
yper formedbymen.
- Raci aldi scr i
mi nat ioni nt own.
- Hi ght axeswer ei mpos edonAf ricansi nor dert ocompelt hem t opr ovi
del abour.
- I nt roduct ionofpas s -lawswhi chr es i
rict edt hemovementofAf ricans.
- Ri seofAf ricanNat ional ism wi t
ht hel andi ss uesbei ngas eriousgr i
evance.
1.Ment iont wochar act er iicst hatdi ingui shmanf rom ot herpr imates
1.-Mani sbi pedal–hei supr ight
-Mandevel opedspeech
-Manhadhi gherbr ai ncapaci ty
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2.Whatt wot hingsar eus edbyar cheol ogistor econr uctt heacti
vitiesoft heearl
yman?
2.-Weaponr emai ns
-Toolr emai ns
-Humanboner emai ns
-Remai nsofani mal sofpr e- hior icalsi tes
-Pl antr emai ns
-Dwel lingpl acesr emai ns
-Remai nsofar t
=- wor k/pai nt ing/ dr awi ngs
-r emai nsofgar ment s
3.I dent i
fyt wowaysi nwhi chHomoer ect usimpr ovedhi swayofl if
e
3-I mpr ovedexi ingonet ool s
-Invent edf ire
-Li vedi ncavesf orsecur i
ty
-Madecl ot hesoutofani mal sski ns
-Devel opedl eisur eact i
vi tiese. g.ar t
wor k
-Mi gratedt owar merr egi ons
4.at et wor es ultsofl andencl os ur es yem
4.-Ledt or ur al-ur banmi gr ation
-Ledt odi spl acementoft hepoor
-Ledt ot hemi gr ationofsomeofdi spl acedpoort oot hercount ries
5.Apar tf rom l ackofmanpower ,at eonemor ef actort hatmadeSi rF r
edrickLugardtouse
indirectr ulei nNi ger ia
5.-Lackoff unds
-Af ricanr esi ance
-Vanessoft hear ea
-Hadsucceededi nI ndi aandUganda
6.Ment iont heus eofAcheul iant ool s
6.-Usef ordi ggi ngupr oot s
-F orski nni ngani mal s
-Cut ti
ngadscr appi ngani malski ns
7.Gi vet wopol iti
calr eas onswhi chmadeEur opeanpower st oscrambl eforAfri
cancoloni
es
7.-Bi smar kandt her iseofGer many
-TheEgypt ianquei on
-F renchact ivitiesi nWeAf ricaandCongo
-Nat i
onal ism andr aci alism
-Ki ngLeopol dI IofBel gium’ sact ivities
8.at eoneus eofcoaldur ingt hei ndur ialrevoluti
oni nEur ope
8.-heat ingwat er
-Li ght i
ng
-Dr i
vingeam engi nesi nf act or i
es
-Dr i
vingl ocomot ives
-Asar awmat erial
9.I dent ifyoneenvi ronment alf act owhi chf acil
itatedBuganda’ sriseandgr owthinthe
th
19 cent ur y
9.-Pr oxi mi tyt oLakeVi ct or i
af orgoodcommuni cat ionanddef ence
-F er t
ilesoi landabundantr ai nfalli dealf orcultivationofbananas
10.Gi vet wof act or st hatl eadt ot hedecl ineoft heTr ans -Atl
anti
ct rade
10.-I ndur ialr evol utionwher emachi neshadr eplacedmanualwor k
-IndependenceofAmer icadepr ivedBr it
ainofhert hirteencolonies,hencesl aveswer eno
longernecessar y.
-F renchr evol utionof1 789spr eadi deasofl iber t
y,equal ityandbr otherhoodofal lmanki
nd-
slaver yand
slavet radequei oned.
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-Economi se. g.Adam smi t
har guedt hatfreemenwer emor epr oducti
vet hansl aves
-Frequentsl aver evol ts
-Closur eofAmer ican- slavemar ket s
-Chr ii
anr evi valmovi ts–condemnedsl avet r
ade
-Abol it
ionofsl avet r adebet ween1 817and1 830
1
1.Lidownt wor olesofF reder i
ckdeKl erki nt heAf ri
canr uggleinSout hAf ri
ca
1
1.-Li ft
edt hebanonant i-apar thei dmovement
-Rel easedpol iticalpr isoner s
1
2.at et woai msofPan- Africani s m
1
2. -Uni tingpeopl eofAf r i
canor i
gi n
-Decol oni zat ion
-Reor ingdi gni tyofbl ackpeopl e
-Er adicat ingr aci aldi scr imi nat ion
-Over comi ngchal l
engeofEur opeansupr emacy
1
3.Namet hecount ryt hatf or medDualAl li
ancewi thGer manyi n1870
1
3.-Aur ian–Hungar y
1
4.at ewayst hr oughwhi cht heUni tedNat ionshaspr omot edpeaceands ecurity
1
4.-Hasencour ageddi sar mament
-Promot edappl icat i
onofi nt er act i
onall aw
-Imposi tionofeconomi candsoci alsanct i
ons
-Hasencour agedpeacef ulset tlementofdi sputes
-Sendspeacekeepi ngf or cei nwart orncount r
ies
1
5.Gi veonef unct ionoft heTr uees hipcounci loft heUni tedNat ionsOr ganizations
1
5.-Tomoni t orpol iticaldevel opment samongcol onizedpeopl e
-Super visedt heUNmandat edt err i
tor i
es
-Topr essur i
zecol oni alpower st odecol oni ze
1
6.( a)Namef ivef act or st hatl edt oNeol i
thicRevol uti
on
1
6.a)-Devel opmentofi mpr ovedt ool s
-Changesi ncl i
mat iccondi t i
onsl eadi ngt of oodshor tages
-Hunt ingandgat her ingbecamet edi ous
-Popul at ioni ncr eased
-Depl et ionofwi ldani mal s
-Avai l
abi l
ityofseedsi nvar iety
(b)Di s cus st heef fect sofAgr ar i
anRevol utioni nBr i
tain
1
6.b)-Ledt oi ncr easedi npopul ation
-Enhancedi ndur ializat ion
-Impr ovedmet hodst hushi ghyi el dsandf oodsecur ity
-Impr ovedandar dsofl ivingandhi ghl if
eexpect ancy
-Landl essnessbecamewi despr eadi nBr itain
-Landencl osur esyem andmechani zat i
onandr ur al–ur banmi grat
ion
-Transpor ti mpr ovedmar kedl y
-Expansi onoft radei nt er nal lyandi nt ernational l
y
-Urbani zat ionaspopul ationi ncr easedi nur bancent r
esandf actors
1
7.(a)at ef ivemet hodsus edbyAf ri
cant oar t
icul atet heirgr i
evancesdur ingt hecoloni
al
per iod.
1
7.a) -Or gani zedr ikes/ pr ot es/boycot ts
-Usedt hepesse. g.Mvi gwi thani a
-For medpol iticalpar ties
-For medi ndependentchur chesandschool s
-Africansi nt heLegi copr essur ed
-Usedi nt er nat i
onalf or ums
-Usedpet itions/ memor anda/ del egat ion
(b)Di s cus st hef act or st hatenhancedAf r
icannat ional i
sm after1945inKenya
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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17.b)-Act i
vit i
esoft r adeuni ons
-Lift
ingofbanonpol iticalpar ti
es
-Exper ienceofex- ser vicemeni nWor l
dWarI I
-Labourpar tyr oset opoweri nBr itain
-Coni tutionalchangesi nt roducedbyl abourpar ty
-TheUni t edNat ionsor gani zat ionpr omot edsel f
-deter minationofpeopl e
-Exampl espr ovi dedbI ndi aandPaki an
-TheAt lant icchar ter
-PanAf ricanmovement
-TheMauMaumovement
-Educat edAf ricanel it es
18.(a)at ef act or swhi chl edt ot heout breakoft heF irWor ldWar
18.a)-Syemsofal l
iances
-Ar msr ace/ mi litarypl ans
-Imper ialism/Economi cr ivalries
-Nat i
onal ism i nt heBal kans
-Rivalryf oracqui siti
onofcol oni es
-Assassi nat ionofF ranzF erdi nand
-Ger manmut ani sm
-F i
randsecondMor occoncr ises
-F r
anco- pr ussi anwarof1 870- 71
(b)Expl aint her es ultsoft heF i
rWor ldWar
18.b)–Nat ional imovement si nAsi aandAf ricagr ewi nr engt hand
number /i
nspi red/ pat riot ism
Arose
-F ormat ionoft heLeagueofNat i
ons
-Ledt ol ossofl ives
-Der uct ionofi nf rar uct ure
-Hugesumsofmoneyused/ bankr upt cy
-slowedpaceofi ndur ialization
-Under mi nedexi enceofgr eat ertur key
-Ledt ot hedi sint egr ationofAur a-Hungar yandOt tomaxTur kishEmpi re
-Ger manyl oAl sar eadLor raineandot herar eas
19.(a)Ment iont hr eechar act er ii
csoft hecommonweal thcount ri
es
19.a)-UseofEngl ishast heof fi
ciall anguage
-Cl oseeconomi candcul turalt i
es
-Regul arconsul tat ion/ exchangeofi nfor mat i
on
-Educat ionsyemsar esi mi l
ar–par li
ament/ judiciary
-Publ ici ni t
utionsar esi mi l
ar
-Enj oymentofuni ver saladul tsuf f
orage
(b)Des cr ibes ixchal lengesf acingt heNon- AlignedMovement
19.b)-Pol i
ticali nabi litiesamongsomeofi smember se. g.civilwars,mi lit
arycoupse. t.
c
-Mi l
itar ypol it
icalandcul turalt i
eswi thf ormercol onialmaer shavemadei tdiff
icul
tfor
member st opur suei ndependentpol icies.
-Bor derdi sput esbet weennei ghbour ingmemberat eshasweakenedt heirco-
operat i
on
-Pover tyandeconomi cbackwar dnessi ngener almi lit
atesagai nf ul
lpar t
icipati
onof
some
membercount r i
esi nt hemovement .
-Ideol ogi caldi ff
er encesbet weenemberat eshavehamper edt heirco-oper ati
on
-Per sonal itydi ffer encebet weenl eader sofmemberat eshasaf f
ectedt hepr ogress.
-Momember sar eal somember sofot herr egionalco- oper
ationt husdoubl eloyalt
y
-Thebr eakupt heSovi etUni oni n1990l edt ot heweakeni ngoft hemovementasi t
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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com
mainly
aimedatmai ntainingneut ralandi nr el
ationsbet weenUSAandUSSR
-Themovementl acksasecr etariattoef f
ecti
velyco- ordinatei t
sact i
vit
ies
20.(a)Whatfactorsl edt ot hedecl i
neoft heAs anteempi reint hes econdhalfofthe19th C
20.a)-Ther ulersoft heconquer edat es( vassals)wer eleftwithl otsoffreedom thuscould
rebel
Easi
ly
-TheBriti
shi nterferedwi thAsant eaf f
airsbyi ncit
ingtheF ante.
-Abol
iti
onofsl avet radebyBr i
ti
shunder minedt heeconomyoft heAsant e
-I
n11 873,t heBr i
tishwagedwaragai ntheAsant e
-Theempi rewascent redonper sonaliti
ese.g.OseiBonsui n1 824,theempi rebegan,
disi
ntegrating
(b)Descri
bet hepol i
ticalorganizationoft heAs antei nthe1 9th C
20.b)-Theempi reasdi videdintot womai nsect i
onst hemet r
opol it
anAsant eandpr ovi
ncial
Asante.

-Theover allleaderoft heEmpi rewast heAsant enenceandKumasi ,wasunderdi rect

control
oftheAsant ehencewasher edi tary
-TheAsant ehenewast hecommanderi nchi efoft hear myadChi efjudge
-Theconquer edat eswer er uledbyt heirKi ng’sbutt reatedaspr ovincesofAsant e.
Asant eheneappoi nted r epr esent ati
vesi neachconquer edat e
-TheAsant eheneat esandomanhenewwer eal lowedsomeaut onomybutwer e
expect edt o
payt ributet ot heAsant eheneandcont ri
but esol diersint imesofwar .
-Empi rehadaandi ngar mywhi chdef ended,conquer edot herat esandmai ntainedlaw
and
order.
-Thesacr edgol denoolr engt heneduni tyi nt heEmpi re.
-EachOmonhenewasgi venasymbol i
cbl ackoolt osignifyunit yofpur poseint he
provinces.
-Theempi r
ehadawel leabl ishedcour tsyem headedbyt heKi ngandbasedi n
Kumasi .
-TheannualOdwi rafeivalr engt henedsol i
dar it
y,nat ionali
tyandal l
egiance
21.(a)Whatwer et hemai nfunct ionsoft heas sembl yoft heLeagueofNat i
ons
21.
a)-Admi ssionofnewmember st ot hel eaguewi tt heappr ovalof2/ 3maj orityvote.
-Appoi nt mentofnon- per manentmember soft hecounci lofr evenueandexpendi t
ure
(budget )
ofthel eague
-Deal twi tissuesconcer ningpeaceandgener al/welfareoft hewor ld
-Toamendt hecovenantoft hel eague
-Tosuper viset hewor koft hel eaguecounci l
-Toappr oveappoi nt mentoft hesecr etarygener alofthel eague
-Toappoi nt15j udgesoft heper manentcour tofappeal
(b)Expl ai
nt her easonst hatl eadt ot hefailureoft heLeagueofNat i
onsasani nrument
of
preser vingwor ldpeaceands ecuri
ty
21.b)-Nat i
onal ism ofmember sofl eaguewhopr efer rednat ionaliner eoi nternati
onalones
-Weaessoft hecovenantoft hel eaguewhi chmadei tdiff
icultfordeci siveactionon
aggr essor s.
-Lackofaandi ngar my/ mi l
it
ar ypowert oenf orcei t
sdeci sions.
-Lackofsuppor tform maj orpower se.g.USA
-Thecl osenessoft hel eaguet ot heVer sail
lest reatyhenceper ceivedt obelongt o
F
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esour
cesCal
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com
vict
orious
power s.
-Lackofenoughf undstoi mplementpr ogrammedoft hel eague.
-Thewor ldeconomi ccrisisof1929gr eatlyaf f
ectedt hel eague.
-Inabi l
ityoft hel eaguet oopaggr essione. g.Japanesei nvasi onofManchar ia1931and
Ital
iani nvasionofEt hiopia1935.
-Theoper ationsoft heleaguewer eunder mi nedbyt heact iviti
esoft heconf erenceof
assembl iesofambassador sinPar i
swhi chcont r
adi ctedanddef iedthel eagueon
several
occasi ons.
-F eatureoft hewor l
ddisarmamentconf erence1 932–33under minedt heaut hori
tyof
the
l
eague.Count riesli
keGer manyr earmeddi dnott akeanyact i
on
22.(a)Gi vet her eas onswhyBr it
ishus eddi rectrulei nZimbabwe
22.a)-TheBr iti
shsout hAf r
icaCompanyhadenoughper sonneltadmi ni
erZimbabwe.
-TheBr i
tishwant edtosubduet hepeopl eofZi mbabwet ot all
y
-Thet raditionalsyem ofadmi nir
ationusi ngI ndunashadbeendi smantl
eddur i
ngt he
Br i
ti
shconque
-Thepr esenceofmanyset t
lerswhocoul dnothavebeenr uledbyt heAf r
icanchi ef
s
-Zi mbabweanshadbeeni nvolvedi nar medr esiance( Chi mur engaupr i
sing( 1
896–97)
and
thiser odedt he Eur opeanconf idencei nAf r
icanl eader ship
(b)Expl aint heef fectsofdirectrulei nZimbabwe
22.b)-Di splacementofAf r
icansfor mthei rancer allandt ocr eat er oom forwhi teset t
lement

-Creationofr eserveswhi chser vedasAf ri

canhomeeads
-Subject i
onofAf ri
canst of orcedl abour.
-Under mi ni
ngofAf ri
cancul t
ur et hroughtheintr
oducti
onofChri
ianit
yandweer n
educat ion--Under mi ningoft hepowerandaut hor
ityofAf
ri
cantradit
ionalr
ulers
-I
mposi t
ionofheavyt axat i
ononAf ri
cans
-DisruptionofAfricant raditi
onaleconomy
-Racialsegr egat
ion
-Oppr essionofAfricanbyBr i
tishadmi ni
rat
ors
-Devel opmentoft ranspor t,tradeandi nduryintheregi
on
-RiseofAf r
icannationalism

1
. Identif
yt wof ormsofgover nment.
1
. i)Democr ati
cgover nment
(ii)Ari
ocraticgover nment
(iii
)Monar chialgovernment
2. Lit wowr itt
ens ourcesofHioryandGovernment .
2. (i)Newspaper s
(ii)Off
ici
alpubl i
cati
ons
(iii
)Magazi nes
(iv)Per i
odicals
(v)Books
(vi)Journals
(vii)Handbooks
(viii
)Annualr eports
3. Namet hechi efproponentofthetheor
yofevolut
ion.
3. Char l
esDar win
4. Identif
yanyt woear li
ecropsbeli
evedtohavebeendomei
cat
edbyman.
4. i)Bar l
ey
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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cah@gmai
l.
com
(ii)Wheat
(iii
)Sor ghum
(iv)Mi llet
(v)Ri ce
(vi)Mai ze
(vii)Yams
(viii)Cassava
(ix)Pot at oes
(x)Bananas
(xi)Gr apes
5. Gi vet woexampl esofearl
yf ormsofcommuni cat
ion.
5. (i)Firesi gnals/smoke
( i
i)Dr um beat s
( i
ii
)Hor nbl owing
( i
v)Theuseofmessenger s
(v)Scr eamsandcr i
es
6. Name t woear l
yurbancent resi nAfr
ica
6. (i)Cai ro
( i
i)Mer oes
( i
ii
)Ki lwa
7. Whatwast henameoft heSupr emeBei ngamongtheShona?
7. -Mwai
8. Ident i
fyTWOcommuni t
iesthatt ookpartint
hefamousMajiMaj
iupr
isi
ngof1
905-
1907
8. (i)Zawamo
(ii)Ngi do
(iii
)Bena
(iv)Mbuga
(v)Muhunga
(vi)Mat umbi
(vii)Ngoni
(viii)Mamwer a
ix)Poger o
x)Hugune
xi)Ndendeul e
9. Gi veanot heral t
ernati
venameoft heLOZI

9. -Luyi

1
0. Whowast hel eaderoftheMandinkaEmpireattheheightofEur
opeanscr
amblef
or
Afr
ica?
1
0. - Samour iTour e
1
1. Nameanyt woquar tercommunesi nSenegalwherethepoli
cyofassi
mil
ati
on
succeeded.
1
1. ( i)Dakar
(
ii).Louis
(
iii
)Rufisque
1
2. at et wocaus esoft heF i
rWorl
dWarof1 91
4-191
8
1
2. ( i)Imper i
alism
(
ii)Nati
onal ism inBalkans
(
iii
)National ism andracism
(
iv)Roleofmi l
it
arysupremacy
(
v)Ineff
ect ivenessoft heBerl
inconfer
ence
(
vi)Mor rocancr i
sis
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orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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(vii)Syemsofal l
iance
(ix)F earandsuspi ci onbyBr itainandF ranceofGer manyi nAf ri
ca
1
3. Lit woweaponsus edi nt heF irWor l
dWar( 1
91 4–1 918)
1
3. ( i)Ar mour edt anks
(ii)Poi songas
(iii
)Machi neguns
(iv)Submar i
ne
(v)Ai rcr af t
1
4. Whowast heper sonbehi ndt hef or mat ionoft heLeagueofNat i
ons ?
1
4. -Woodr owWi lsonofUSA( Presi dent )
1
5. Ident i
fyanyt woor gansoft hel eagueofnat i
ons .
1
5. (i)I nter nat ionalLabourOr gani zat ion( ILO)
(ii)Mandat esCommi ssi on
(iii
)I nt er nat ionalHeal thOr gani zat ion( IHO)
1
6. ( a)Lif i
ve cent reswher eAgr icul t
ur alr evolut i
onbegani nt hewor ld
1
6. ( a)( i
)Mi ddl eEa
(ii)IndusVal l
ey( Indi a)
(iii
)DenubeVal leyi nEur ope
(iv)WeAf rica
(v)Ni leVal l
ey
(vi)Yel l
owRi ver( Chi na)
(vii)Sout hEaAsi a
(viii)Tr opi calAmer ica
(b)Expl ai nf ivef act or st hatl edt ot hedevel opmentofAgr icul
tur e.
1
6.(
b)(i
)Hunt ingandgat her ingwasi ncr easingl ybecomi ngt iresome
(ii)Wi thi ncr easedpopul at i
ont henat uralenvi ronmentcoul dnotpr ovideadequate
f
ood
(iii
)Compet itionf orf ooddevel opedamonghumanbei ngsandbet weenani mals
(iv)Cal ami ti
eseachasbushf iredorf loodsder oyedveget ati
on
(v)Cl imat icchangessuchaspr olongeddr oughtr esultingi nar i
dity
(vi)Thedi scover yoff ire
(vii)Devel opmentofi mpr ovedt ool sf rom suchmat erialsasbones,ones,i ronse.t
.c
1
7. ( a)at et hr eer eas onsf orEur opeanpr efer encef orAf r
icans l
aves .
1
7. ( a) ( i)Theyappear edr ongerandt her efor esuitablef ormanuall abour
(ii)Theywer eavai lablei nl argenumber s
(iii
)Theywer et houghtt obei mmunet obothEur opeansandt r
opicaldi
seases
(iv)Theywer ef oundt obecheaper
(b)Expl ai nt heeconomi ci mpactoft heTr an-At l
antictrade.
1
7.(
b) i)SomeAf ricanl eader saccumul atedweal thformt het rade
ii)Int roduct i
onofmanuf act uredgoodswhi chunder minedmany
i
ndi
genous
technol ogi es
(iii
)Ledt ot heder uctionofAf ri
canpr operti
es
(iv)Devel opmentofci tiesal ongt heCoa
(v)I tledt ot hedepl etionofl abourneededf orAgr i
cultureandcommuni t
y
def ense
1
8. ( a)Namet hef i
rt hr eemenwhol andedont hemooni n1 969
1
8. ( a) ( i)Nei lAr mr ong
(ii)Edwi n. E.Al drinJr .
(iii
)Mi chaelCol l
ins
(b)Expl ai nt hes oci alef fectsofmoder nt rans portsyem.
1
8.(
b) (i)Haspr omot edhumani tarianism assi ancepar ticul arl
yi ndi saersit
uati
on
(ii)I thasl edt osoci aldevel opmentsuchasschool sandhospi tal
s
F
orMor
eEr
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cesCal
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(iii
)I thasenhancedgl obalvi l
lagesci encesasdi ff
erentpar t
soft heearth
becameeasy
tot r avelover
(iv)Ithaspr omot edt hedi ff
usionofi deasonsci ence,t echnology,r el
igi
onand
cultur
e
(v)Hasf aci li
tatedt hemovementofgoodsandpeopl e
(vi)Hasencour agedpopul ati
onmi grati
onandset t
lement
19. ( a)Namet hr eedi visionsoft heAs anteEmpi re
19. ( a) ( i)Kumasi( Met ropol itanAsant e)
(ii)Amat ooat es
(iii
)Pr ovinci alAsant e
(b)Descr i
bet he Soci alOr gani zationoft heAs hantiKingdom i nthe1 9th Cent
ury
19. ( b) (i
)Theyar eAkanspeaker sTwlorAkan
(ii)Shar edi dent icalsoci alinit
ut i
onsi .
eobser ved40dayscal endarandhas
same
mar riageandnami ngr i
tes
(iii
)Theyhadmat ri
linealsyem ofi nheritancei .
e.birthrightsofeachf amily
passed
thr ough mot her sf rom onegener at i
ont otheot her
(iv)Theyshar edt raditionalt abooagai nmar r
yingf r
om wi thi
none’ smaternalor
pat er nalcl an
(v)Theyor gani zedOdwr irafeival
(vi)Theywer euni fiedbyt hegol denool
(vii)Maj or it
yoft heAsant ewer eeithermer chantsorpeasant s
(viii
)Thesl avespr ovidedl abourf orther oyalfamily
(ix)Mooft hef ami lieswer epol ygamous
20. ( a)Givef ivemet hodsus edbyEur opeanst oacqui recoloniesinAf ri
ca.
20. ( a) ( i)Si gni ngt reaties
(ii)Mi lit
ar yconque
(iii
)Abl endofdi pl omacyandf orce
(iv)Tr eacher y
(v)Companyr ul e
(vi)Annexat ion
(vii)Di videandr ul et actics
(b)Explaint hei mpact soft hepar tit
ionofAf r
icabyt heEur opeanpower s .
20. (b i)TheEur opeansgai nedf ame,pr eigeandr ecogniti
onbyhavi ngcolonial
possession

(ii)Thepar t
iti
onl edt ot heintroductionofadmi nirat
iont hroughoutthe
conti
nent
(iii
)Itinfluencedat efor mati
oni nAf r
icaint hepacol onialperiod
(iv)Eur opeannat ionsi ntr
oducedt heirlanguagei nthecont i
nent
(v)I tl
edt othef allofsomeAf ricanKi ngdoms
(vi)Thei ractivit
iesl edt otheer osionofAf ricancul t
ure
(vii)Theirset ti
ngupboundar i
esspl i
tupsomecommuni t
ieshencebor der
confl
ictin
Afr
ica
(viii
)Itcr eatedover dependenceonEur opef orfinancialandt echni
calsuppor
t
(ix)Theyputi npl aceexpl oi
tati
veeconomi cmeasur essuchasl andali
enati
on,
for
ced
l
abourandt axation
21
. (a)LifiveAf ri
cancommuni ti
eswhi chcol l
abor atedwi t
ht heEur opeans .
21
. (a) (i)LoziofZambi a
F
orMor
eEr
esour
cesCal
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(iii)WangaofMumi as
(iv)Maasai
(v)Agi kuyu
(b)Expl aint her esul t
soft heAf ricancol labor ationwi t
ht heEur opeans .
21.( b)( i)Thel eader swhocol labor atedi .e.KabakaMut esaIandLewani kagot
protection
(ii)Af ri
cansoci etieswer esubj ect edt oeconomi cexpl oit
ationsuchasl and
ali
enat i
on,
mini ng,t axat ionandf or cedl abour
(iii)Col labor atedcommuni tiesf ai ledt osaf e-guar dt hei rindependenceand
colonizat i
on
(iv)TheEur opeansusedt hecol labor at i
ngl eader st oexer tthei raut hori
tyoverthe
African
Soci et ies
(v)TheAf ricanswhocol labor atedbenef i
tedf r
om t heBr iti
shmi ssionarywor k
(vi)Somel eader ssuchasLewani kaoft heLozigai nedsomer ecogni ti
on
(vii)Tr adei ncr easedbet weenco- oper atingcommuni tiesandt heEur opeans
22. ( a)Nameanyt hr eepower sinvol vedi nt hef i
rWor ldWarof1 91 4- 1
91 8
22. ( a) (i)Cent ralpower s–Ger many,Aur ia,It aly,Tur key
(ii)Al l
iedpower s–Sebi a,Mont enegr o,Bel gium, ,Fr ance,Russi aandGr eat
Br i
tain
(b)Expl aint her esul t
soft heF irWor l
dWar .
22.(b) (i)Thewari nter f
eredwi tht r adecausi ngeconomi cset back
(ii)Itmar kedt hemer genceofUSAaswor ldpower
(iii
)Thewarunder minedt heexi enceofagr eater“ Tur key”becausesomeof
herpar ts
wer egr antedi ndependence
(iv)Newcount riesl i
keF inlandandYugosl aviacomei ntobei ng
(v)Lar genumberofpeopl ewer edi spl aced
(vi)Newnat ional ifeelingwasbor ni nAf ricaaf tert hewar
(vii)Lar geamountofmoneywasspenti nt hewari nbuyi ngor nament s
(viii)At omi cbombst hatwasusedagai nJapanr el
easedr adi oactivesubances
that
affect ed t hel i
ves ofmanypeopl e
(ix)Ger manywasdi videdi ntot wo- capi taliWeGer manyandCommuniEa
Ger many.Theci tyofBer l
inwasdi videdi ntot wo
(x)Newanddeadl yweaponswer ei ntroducede. g.tanks
(xi)Thel eagueofNat i
onswasf or medt opr eventf utur ewar
1.Twos our cesofor alt radi t
ionst hatpr ovidei nfor mat iononhi ory&gover nment
1. -F olkt al es/or i
es
-Pr over bs
-Songs
-Ri ddl es
-Myt hs
-Tonguet wier
2.Adapt ationst hatdi ingui shmanf rom ot herpr i
mat es
2. -Upr i
ghtpour e
-Hugert hinkingcapaci t
y
-Abi l
ityt ogr aspandgul pobj ects
-Devel opmentofsmal ljawsandt eet henabl edmant odevel opal anguage
3.Us esofAchenl iant ool s
3. -Ski nni ng
-Shar peni ngbonnetwood
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-Scr appi ngani malski n
-Di ggi ng
4.Anci entmet hodsofi rrigat ioni nEgypt
4. -Basi n
-Shadoof
5.Met hodsoft rade
5. -Cur rency
-Bar ter
6.Li mitationofus i
nghumanpor t
age
6. -Sl owandcumber someandt i
resome
-Onl yal i
mi t
edquant i
tyofgoodswoul dbecar ri
edatapar ti
cularti
me
-Notsui tablef orl ongdi ance
7.Char acter ii
csofmacadami zedr oads
7. -Al l-weat herr ods
-Hadgoodsur f
acedr ainaget hatenabl edwat ertodr awneasilyrai
ght
-Theywer edur abl e
-Wer esmoot handhencepr ovidedagoodmot oringservice
-Cheaperandqui ckt oconr uct
8.I dent i
fyus esofwoodasas our ceofener gy
8. -Maki ngi re
-Smel tingi ron
-Cooki ngf ood
-Usedf orhunt ing
9.Us esofcoaldur i
ngt hei ndur ialr evolution
9. -Li ght ing
-Pr oduceeam byheat ingwat er
-Conver tedi ntocoalf orwhi chwasusedi nsmel t
ingmet als’
-Manuf actureofdyes,phar maceut icalsandpl aics
-Topowerdi meeam engi nesi nfactoriese.g.gener ator
s
10.Power st hatpar ticipatedi nt hes crambl eandpar tit
ionofAf r
ica
10. -Br itai n
-Por tugal
-F rance
-Ital y
-Bel gium e. t
.c.
11.Count ryt hatwascol oni zedbyBr itaininN.Af r
ica
11. -Egypt
12.Leader soft heMaj imaj ir ebel li
on
12. -Ki njeki t
ileNgwal e
-Abdal laMpande
-Ngamea
-Chabr uma
13.Pr oblemst hatwer ef acedbyGhanai anNat i
onalis
13. -Shor tageoff unds
-Ri val ryamongpol iticalpar ti
es
-Ar r eofAf r
icanNat ional is
-Di suni tyamongAf ricans
14. a)Char act eri
icsoft heHomoer ectus
14a) . -Hewasmor ei ntel li
gentt hanhi spr edecessor swi t
habr aincapacityofbet
ween700
–1 250
cm3
-Hewasbi -pedal ,wi thanupr i
ghtwal kingpour e
-Hadamor eadvancedspeecht hanhi spr edecessors
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-Hehadt heabi li
tyt ogr aspobj ects
-Hehadal ongski n
-Hadal ongpr ot rudi ngj aw
b)Import
anceofi nvent i
onoff iret otheear l
yman
14.b)-Enabl edmant okeepwar m
-Keepi ngawaywi l
dani mal s
-Light ing
-Cooki ng
-Har deni ngl ips
-Preser vingf ood
-Ext ractpoi sonf rom pl ants
-Hunt ing
-Communi cat ion
15. a)F act or sthatf ac ilitatedt hes preadofi r
onwor ki
ngi nAf r i
ca
15.a)-Thr ought radee. g.N. A&W. A
-Thr oughwar far ee. g.i nvasi onofEgyptbyt heHi hitesf rom Tur key
-Thr oughmi grat i
onoft heBant us
-Thr ought ravel er s&messenger s
b)Waysinwhi cht hedi scover yofi ronwor kingaf fect edcommuni tiesinW. A
15.b)-Faci li
tat edmi gr ationofcommuni t
ies
-Faci li
tat edadvancementofagr icultur e
-Incr easedf oodpr oduct ionwhi chl edt oincr easedpopul at i
on
-Hel pedcommuni tiest oconquerandsubj ugat eot hers
-Riseofpower f
ulki ngdoms
-Enhancedt rade
-Urbani zat ion
-Decl inei nuseofot hermet als
16. a)Ter msoft heBer linconf er ence
16.a )
-Def inedcer tainar easasspher esofi nf l
uenceoft hepowert hatinformedot hersfir
-Effect iveoccupat ion
-Prot ect i
onoft hewhi t
emani nteres
-Freedom ofnavi gat iononr iver sNi ger ,CongoandZambezi
-KingLeopol dofBel gium wasr ecogni zedast heheadofCongoF reeate
-Agr eedt oopsl avet radeandpr omot e,legitimat etrade
-Occupyi ngEur opeanpower smudevel opt ranspor tint hei rterr
itory
b)Economici mpactoft hes crambl eandpar titi
onofAf ri
ca
16.b)-Speededeconomi cgr owt hi nEur ope
-Under devel opmentofAf r i
caneconomi es
-Af ricani ntr oducedt oi nt ernationalcommer ce
-Intr oduct i
onofwagel abour
-Infrar uct ur ewasdevel oped
17. a)Gi vet hef act orst hatl edt ot hegr owt hofNat i
onalismi nMozambi que
17.a)-ThePor tugueser epl acedt het raditionall eader swi ththei rownappoi ntees
-Theyal i
enat edAf ricanl and
-Africanswer ef or cedt opayt ax
-Afr
icanswer ef or cedt owor ki nPor tuguesef ar ms
-Africanswor kedunderpoorcondi ti
onsandwer edeni edt oformt radeunions
-Disr espectofAf r i
cancul t
ur ee. g.madeAf r i
canwoment heirmi r
esses
-Raci aldi scr imi nat ion:Af ricanswer esegr egat edint hepr ovisi
onofj obs,houses,
educat i
on
andheal t
h
-Limi tedf reedom ofspeech,movementandi ntel
lectualadvancementr ictcensorship
ofpr ess
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-Policet reatedAf r
icanswithgreatcr
uelty
-Expl oit
ationofAf r
icane.g.for
cedtogrowcashcr opsatt
heexpenseoff
oodcr
opand
sell
them t opar ti
cul
arcompani eswithl
owpr ices
-Inspi r
edbyl eaderse.g.Nyerere&Nkurmah
b)F
act
orst hatfavour edFRELIMOi nitsar
medr uggleagai
nthePort
uguesei
nMozambiwque

17.b)-r at egyofat tackingdi f

fer entpoi ntsandatr andom
-ManyAf r i
cansj oinedt hewar
-Thecount r ywasheavi lyf oreedwi thnar rowpat hswhi chwer ei dealforguer i
ll
a
warfare
-F rel i
mof i
ght er sconver santwi tht opogr aphyoft hel and
-F rel i
mot roopswer ef riendlyt ol ocalppl e
-Suppor ti nf or m oft rainedt roops,f ood,medi cine,f inancesweaponsandvehi cl
es
f
r om China
andRussi a
-Suppor tf rom OAUandi ndependentAf ricancount riesl i
keTanzani a
-F rel i
mosyem ofadmi nirationi nl i
ber at edar easat tractedmanypeopl ee. g.aboli
shed
labour ,excesst axat i
on
-Et hni ci tywasel i
mi natedbymi xingpeopl eofdi f
ferentor i
ginsinsamef i
ght i
ngunits
-F rel i
mowasademocr aticopenmovement
-Thecoupi nLi sbon
18. a)Caus esofMaj imaj irebel li
on
18.a)-Desi r et or egai ni ndependence
-Oppr essi on ofAf ricans
-F or cedl abour
-TheGer mansempl oyedAr abSwahi liheadmen( Jumbes)andchi ef(Akidas)
-Ant i-soci albehavi ourl iker ape,adul ter yandf ornicat i
on
-Chr iianmi ssionar iesdi sregar dAf ricancul t
ur alpr acticesandbel i
efs
-Landal ienat i
on
-Revengeoft heNgoni
-Thecot tongr owi ngscheme
-Ther oleofr eligion
b)Effect
sofmaj imaj i
18.b)-Lossofl ifebyAf ricans
-Di srupt ionofeconomi cact ivit
ies
-Di spl acementofpeopl et odi fferentar easl ookingf orpeacef ulareasofset tl
ement
-Lossofconf idencei nt heirt r
adi ti
onalr eli
gion
-Af tert hewart her ewer eillfeelingsamongcommuni tiesduet otheirdiffer
entroles
dur ing
thewar
-Leader swer ear reedandki ll
edbyGer mans
-Peopl eofSout her nTanzani al earntt hati twasi mpor tanttof i
ghtagainacommon
enemy
-Ref or mswer eini tutedbyGer mansaf tert hewar
-Resor tedt oconi tut i
onalpr otei nt hei rr ugglef ori ndependenceaf terW.W. I
I
t
h
19. a)Economi cact ivitiesoft heShonai nt he1 9 Cent ur y
19.a)-Mi xedf ar mer s–gr ewcr ops&keptl iveock
-Hunt er s
-Gat her er s
-F i
shi ngar oundR. Zambezi
-Mi ninggol d&copper
-Ironwor ker s
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-Trade–l ongt radewi thAr absandSwahi l
i
-Clothmaki ngf rom cot t
on&bar ksft rees
-Carvingi temsf ordecor ati
onf rom i vor yandsoapone
b)Descri
bet hes ocialor ganizationoft heShonadur ingt hepr e-colonialperiod
19.b)-Polygamousandor ganizedi ntocl ans.Onewasnotal l
owedt omarryf r
om hi scl
an
-Hadpat ri
li
neali nher i
tancesyem i nt heirki ngshi p
-Shonasoci etywasheavi lyinfl
uencedbyr eli
gion
-Shonar eli
gionwasbasedont heMwar icul t
-Theki ng,MweneMut apawasr egar dedasadi vineki ngandwasvener ated
-Mwar iwasbel i
evedt obet hesupr emebei ngandcr eator
-Sever alpriesl edt hepeopl eint hewor shi pofMwar i
-Theyhadr eli
giousf unct i
ons
20. a)Communi ti
esofSenegalwher et heF renchappl iedas similati
onpolicys uccessf
ull
y
20.a)-Senegal
.
Louis
Goree
Dakar
Rufi
sque
b)Privil
egesenj oyedbyas similationAf ricansi nt hef ourcommunesofPor t
ugal
20.b)-Theywer eallowedt osendr epr esent ativest ot heF renchchamberofdeput i
es
-Theycoul dvot el i
keF r
enchmen
-Theywer epr ovi dedwi theducat ionoppor t
uni ti
esl ikeF renchmen
-Theywer eexempt edf rom forcedl abour ,taxat ionandar bi
traryarr
e
-Theyenj oyedt r adingr ights
-Theyenj oyedt heser vi
cesoft heF renchi ndi vidualsyem
-Theywer eempl oyedi ntheci vilser vice
-Theyoper atedl ocalaut hor i
tyr ucturel iket heF rench

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