Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Intravenous
Infusion
DAGANGON
Starting an Intravenous infusion
INTRAVENOUS (IV)
THERAPY
is the aseptic
instillation of fluid,
electrolytes, nutrients
or medications
through a needle into
a vein.
DAGANGON
Purposes:
• To administer fluids and chemical substances when
circumstances prevent the patient from consuming a
normal diet and oral liquids
• To replace fluids and chemical substances when
the patient has experienced loss through vomiting,
diarrhea, bleeding, etc.
• To provide access to the circulatory system if it
becomes necessary to administer emergency
medications
• To maintain an access to the circulatory system for
the intermittent administration of scheduled
medications
DAGANGON
Possible Nursing Diagnosis:
1. Fluid Volume Excess
2. Fluid Volume Deficit
3. Altered Nutrition: Less than Body
Requirements
4. Altered Oral Mucous Membrane
5. Self Care Deficit
6. High Risk for Infection
7. High Risk for Injury
DAGANGON
Factors affecting flow rate:
Age
Condition of the patient
Solution used
Manufacturer’s drop factor
Patency of the needle
Position of the site
Height of the IV pole
Kinking of the tube
DAGANGON
2 Types of I.V. Therapy
Peripheral IV Therapy__________________
• given through an arm,
or a hand vein and
sometimes through a
leg or foot vein.
DAGANGON
Peripheral veins used in iv
therapy
• Basilic Vein
• Cephalic Vein
• Radial Vein
• Metacarpal Veins
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S I T ES
MM ON
C O
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S I T E S
MMON
C O
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2 Types of I.V. Therapy
Central Venous Therapy_____________
• a catheter inserted into a
central vein, commonly the
right or left subclavian vein or
the internal or ext. jugular
veins.
• For Long term therapy or a
large volume of fluid; may be
used for an emergency when
the pt.has inaccessible
peripheral veins or in long
term therapy at home.
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Subclavian Vein
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DAGANGON
IV catheter gauge
•Grey - 16 G
•Green - 18 G
• Pink - 20 G
• Blue - 22 G
• Yellow - 24 G
DAGANGON
Types of iv set
t (1 0 -2 0 g t ts / c c)
e
1. Macrodrip s s / c c)
t ( 6 0 g t t
2. Microdrip se
e – co n t r o l s e t
3. Volum
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PARTS OF IV SET
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Volume- control set
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Volume-control set
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IV bottle
IV bag DAGANGON
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Starting iv infusion
procedure
DDC
DAGANGON
1. Check the IV solution and medication additives with
the physician’s order.
2. Wash hands
DAGANGON
Common acronyms used in
iv therapy
•C/D (consume and discontinue)
• KVO (keep vein open)
• D/C (discontinue)
DAGANGON
SYSTEMIC
COMPLICATIONS
COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH IV THERAPY
DAGANGON
FLUID
R L O A D
OVE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS_________________________________
• Moist crackles upon lung auscultation
• Edema
• Weight gain
• Dyspnea
• Shallow respirations and increase rate
INTERVENTION_________________________________________
• Decreasing the IV rate
• Monitoring vital signs frequently
• Assessing breath sounds
• High Fowler’s position.
• Contact physician stat
MANIFESTATION___________
• dyspnea and cyanosis AIR E
• hypotension MBO
• weak, rapid pulse LISM
• Loss of consciousness
• chest, shoulder, and low back pain.
INTERVENTIONS___________________________________
___
• Clamping the cannula
• Placing the patient on the left side in the
Trendelenburg position
• Assessing vital signs and breath sounds,
• and administering oxygen.
SEPTICEMIA
& OTHER INFECTIONS
Signs and symptoms________________________________
• abrupt temperature elevation
• backache, headache
• Increased pulse and respiratory rate,
• Nausea and vomiting,
• diarrhea, chills and shaking,
• general malaise
Prevention__________________________________________
• Strict aseptic technique
• Examine IV bag for cracks, leaks
• Inspecting the IV site daily
• Replacing the peripheral IV cannula every 48 to 72 hours
• Removing the IV cannula at the rst sign of local inammation,
contamination, or complication
LOCAL
COMPLICATIONS
COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH IV THERAPY
DAGANGON
T R A T I O N
INFIL
•Inltration is the
unintentional
administration of a
nonvesicant solution
or medication into
surrounding tissue
r at i o n
Infilt
• Occurs when the IV
cannula dislodges or perforates the wall of
the vein.
• characterized by edema around the
insertion site, leakage of IV uid from the
insertion site, discomfort and coolness in
the area of inltration, and a signicant
decrease in the ow rate.
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Infiltration
Intervention:
• Remove IVF
• Apply cold compress (recent), warm
compress (long period)
DAGANGON
• Similar to inltration, with an inadvertent administration of
vesicant or irritant solution or medication into the surrounding
tissue.
• Medications such as dopamine, calcium preparations, and
chemotherapeutic agents can cause pain, burning, and
redness at the site.
• Blistering, inammation, and necrosis of tissues can occur.
Intervention_____________________________________________
• Notify physician
• Stop infusion immediately
• Apply warm or cold compress
I O N
A S AT
T R AV
E X
• inammation of a vein related to a chemical or
mechanical irritation, or both.
• It is characterized by a reddened, warm area around
the insertion site or along the path of the vein, pain or
tenderness at the site or along the vein, and swelling
Intervention__________________________________
• Discontinue IV
• Apply a warm, moist compress to the affected site.
B I T I S
PHLE
IVF follow up
Procedure
DAGANGON
Regulating IV Infusion
Purpose:
• To comply with the prescribed rate ordered by the
physician
• Regulating IV Infusion
• To maintain an equal & constant rate of fluid
administration throughout the duration of the infusion.
DAGANGON
Nursing Considerations:
• Read the current written medical order for the
volume & number of hours of infusion.
DAGANGON
Equipment:
DAGANGON
IV TAG
Davao Doctors Hospital
IV TAG
Date:___________
Name:_______________RM #:___________
IVFluid:______________________________
Incorporation:________________________
Rate:________________________________
Time started:_________________________
Time ended:__________________________
Signature:____________________________
DAGANGON
PROCEDURE
DAGANGON
3. Countercheck the
available IV solution
against the doctor’s
order.
4. FILL UP the necessary
data in the IV tag.
5. Calculate the flow rate using standard formula
Standard Formula:
Rate = Volume (cc) x gtt factor (gtts/cc)
Duration (hrs) x 60 min/hr
DAGANGON
Discontinuing IV
infusion
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Discontinuing IV infusion
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equipment
DAGANGON
PROCEDURE
1. Check the physician’s order for
discontinuing IVF
2. Wash hands and assemble equipment
3. Identify and explain the procedure.
4. Close the regulator and Release
anchorage of arm, tubing & needle.
Loosen the tape @ the venipuncture site
while holding the counteraction to the
skin. DAGANGON
5. Hold a swab above the venipuncture site,
withdraw the needle quickly by pulling it
out along the line of the vein.
DAGANGON