Anaphy SGD (Urinary System)

Good Morning ma’am, good morning everyone, I will be discussing about the Urine
production more specifically on the tubular secretion.

Urine is formed in three steps: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

let me discuss to you about tubular secretion.

Tubular secretion is the process that removes some substances from the blood. these
substances include byproducts of metabolism that become toxic in high concentrations
and drugs or other molecules that is not normally produced by the body.

During secretion some substances such as hydrogen ions, crea ti nin, and drugs will be
removed from the blood through the peri tubular capillary network into the collecting
duct. The end product of all these processes is urine, which is essentially a collection of
substances that has not been reabsorbed during tubular reabsorption.

Urine is mainly composed of water that has not been reabsorbed, which is the way in
which the body lowers blood volume, by increasing the amount of water that becomes
urine instead of becoming reabsorbed. The other main component of urine is urea, a
highly soluble molecule composed of ammonia and carbon dioxide, and provides a way
for nitrogen that is found in ammonia, to be removed from the body. Urine also contains
many salts and other waste components. Red blood cells and sugar are not normally
found in urine but may indicate glo-me-ru-lus injury and diabetes melli-tus respectively.

We were always told that holding our pee is bad for our health but we never really
understood why.

If you are not urinating and you're retaining urine, it can cause metabolic abnormalities
and electrolyte issues, which can lead to long term renal failure. Aside from that, if you
retain urine and you don't empty your bladder well, you can have what we call urinary
stasis and develop a urinary tract infection or what is commonly known as UTI. Your
bladder, a muscle, may even start to weaken,
leading to urinary in-con-ti-nence, or poor bladder emptying." In rare and serious
situations, holding urine for too long can lead to a bladder rupture.