NURUL FHADILAH SARI

D071201034

INDUSTRIAL ENGGINERING A

Test week 12 Page : 123-124

Unit 7 Exercise 16 & 17

Exercise 16

1. Doctors have noticed an increase in the number of children who are treated for ear
infections. This could mean that more children get infections than in the past. Such an increase
could be caused, in part, by an increased use of day care. In day – care centers, little children can
catch infections from each other.

Main Idea : an increase in the number of children who are treated for ear infections

Cause(s) :

 an increased use of day care

 little children catch infections from each other

Effect(s) :

 increase of ear infections

2. A young child’s untreated ear infections can lead to serious consequences. The infection
can spread to the throat and cause a general illness. It can also do permanent damage to a child’s
hearing ability. Perhaps the least – known consequence of untreated ear infection involves
language development. Language learning depends on good hearing. Children with frequent or
untreated ear infections cannot hear well. The result is a delay in their ability to speak and use
language effectively.

Main Idea : A young child’s untreated ear infections can lead to serious consequences

Cause(s) :

 untreated ear infections

 permanent damage to a child’s hearing ability

Effect(s) :

 cannot hear well

  result delay in their ability to speak and use language effectively
 general illness

3. The greater numbers of reported ear infections could result from social and economic
factors. Parents may be more aware of the importance of treating the condition. Doctors may
have more time for such simple allments, now that more dangerous diseases are controlled by
immunization. And there may be economic causes. Some doctors who are paid for each visit
might have an economic interest in paying attention to ear infections. Economic factors may
influence parents as well, since some health centers charge very little for visits. Thus parents are
encouraged to bring in their children more often for lesser problems, such as ear infections.

Main Idea : The greater numbers of reported ear infections could result from social and
economic factors

Cause(s) :

 social and economic factors

 are controlled by immunization
 doctors who are paid for each visit
 health centers charge very little

Effect(s) :

 parents more aware of important of treating ear infections

 doctors have more time for simple allments
 doctors and parents will more paying attention to ear infections

Exercise 17

1.Main Idea : When people move from one city or country to another, the spread of diseases may
result.

Cause(s) :

 People move from one city or country to another,

 People bring a germs who completely new to a region,
 people have no natural protection against new germ,
 newcomers may carry the diseases when they back to their region.

Effect(s) :

 The spread of diseases

 cause unknown diseases
  ill more easily and die more often
 start an epidemic.

2.Main Idea : Changes in heating systems of buildings can also lead to diseases

Cause(s) :

 worldwide shortage of heating oil

 to save fuel they lowered the temperature in heating systems
 heated air was blown into the hotel rooms it carried germs

Effect(s) :

 deadly germ grows in heating pipes

 many visitors became ill and several died.

3.Main Idea : Pollution of the oceans also result in the spread of diseases

Cause(s) :

 pollutans result increased growth of algae that provide cholera

 the algae stick to ships carry the cholera germs all around the world

Effect(s):

 spreading a deadly disease of cholera,thousands of people have died

 start an epidemic of cholera