DESIGN FOR TORSION 139 i 4), Ly 5, Jpefwhere Ass must not be less than 0,175-2= Us ) ‘The longitudinal reinforcement required for torsion may be reduced in the flexural compression zone by a factor equal to bs 05df, not be less than A, mis and the spacing and bar size requirements must be satisfied. with the condition that this steel should The longitudinal steel for flexure and torsion are combined together and detailing is carried out. ‘The longitudinal reinforcement required for torsion is to be placed inside the hoops and is to be distributed around the perimeter of the stirrups with a maximum spacing of 300 mm, These bars must have a minimum diameter of larger of 0.042 times the stirrups spacing and #10. ‘The torsion reinforcement must be provided for a distance of at least b; + d beyond the point where 7, < 90.083,/7” (42, / p,,), where by is the width of part of cross section containing the closed stirrups resisting torsion. Example 16. 1: Design the given edge beam for flexure, shear and torsion. Stirrups in flanges are generally provided for the isolated T-beams. However, in this beam, flange stirrups are to be provided. The envelopes for factored bending moment, shear force and torque are provided in fig. 16.18. f.’=25 MPa, f, = 420 MPa, d= 450 mm, cover up to center of stirrup for beam web is 45 mm and that for the slab is 25 mm. Thé’applied torque is required for equilibrium of the structure. Solution: 1. The size of the torsion member is as shown in Fig. 16.18 14 14 2 2. Asmin = ——b,d = =x 450x450 = 675 mm? Pye e420 My" = 110kN-m A, My 6 = 800mm a -4, 110x10° ¥ Leta = 50mm, die 6 ae 0.9 x 420% (450 — 25) fj a At 45 gipeete anes Lo x10 as 0-65" b 85 x 25 x 800 0.9 x 420 x (450 | Ay = Agmin = 675 mm? M, = 133 kN-m db = 450mm A. 133x106 pee 50mm, * 09% 420% (45 Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerDESIGN FOR TORSION 143 of 0.578 x 2370 x 1x 1 = 1370 25 x 297,500 450 = 0.175%2370% 750 = 1043 = 1370 mm? ‘value may conservatively be used throughout the span. inal bar diameter = larger of 0.042 s and 10 mm = 10 mm. the maximum spacing of 300 mm, the total steel is to be divided into three layers, i.e., top, bottom and middle layers. ‘Torsion longitudinal steel in each layer = 1370/3 = 457 mm* Support Longitudinal Steel Top steel = 815 +457 = 1272 mm? [5-#19] Bottom steel = % M* steel + torsion steel = %x 675 +457 = 626 mm? [2-#19+1-#13] Middle steel = 457 mm? [2-#19] Mid-span Longitudinal Steel Top steel © = 457 mm? [2 - #19, increase to 3 - #19] Bottom steel = 675 +457 = 1132 mm* [4- #19 + 1-#13] Middle steel = 457 mm* [2-#19] The resulting steel reinforcement at the support section is shown in Fig. 16.20. 5-#19 ~_ #10@ 120cle Slab steel to be arranged to act as longitudinal torsional reinforcement 525 450 Fig. 16.20. Torsion Reinforcement Details Near Support. Scanned with CamScanner