1

for index

2
ç’u 11-- osn fdls dgrs gS ?
mÙkj & bZ'ojh; Kku dh iqLrd dks osn dgrs gSA
ç’u 22-- osn Kku fdlus fn;k ?
mÙkj & bZ'oj us fn;kA
ç’u 33-- bZ'oj us osn Kku dc fn;k ?
mÙkj & bZ'oj us l`f"V ds vkjaHk esa osn Kku fn;kA
ç’u 44-- bZ'oj us osn Kku D;ksa fn;k ?
mÙkj & euq"; ek= ds dY;k.k ds fy,A
ç’u 5-
5- osn fdrus gS ?
mÙkj & pkj çdkj dsA
1-_Xosn 2 - ;tqosZn 3-3- lkeosn 4-
4- vFkoZosn
ç’u 6- osnksa ds czkã.kA
ã.kA
osn czkã.k
1- _Xosn & ,srjs;
2- ;tqosZn & 'kriFk
3- lkeosn & rkaMî
4- vFkoZosn & xksiFk
ç’u 7-
7- osnksa ds miosn fdrus gS ?
mÙkj & osnksa ds pkj mi osn gSA
3
osn miosn
1- _Xosn & vk;qosZn
2- ;tqosZn & /kuqosZn
3- lkeosn & xa/koZosn
4- vFkoZosn & vFkZosn
ç’u 8-
8- osnksa ds vax gSa fdrus gksrs gS ?
mÙkj & osnksa ds N% vax gksrs gS A
1 - f'k{kk 2 - dYi 3 - fu:ä 4 - O;kdj.k 5 - Nan
6 - T;ksfr"k

ç’u 9-
9- osnksa dk Kku bZ'oj us fdu fdu _f"k;ks dks
fn;k ?
mÙkj & osnksa dk Kku pkj _f"k;ksa dks fn;k A
osn _f"k
1- _Xosn & vfXu

4
2- ;tqosZn & ok;q
3- lkeosn & vkfnR;
4- vFkoZosn & vafxjk
ç’u 10-
10- osnksa dk Kku bZ'oj us _f"k;ksa dks dSls fn;k ?
mÙkj & osnksa dk Kku _f"k;ksa dks lekf/k dh voLFkk esa
fn;kA
ç’u 11-
11- osnksa esa dSlk Kku gS ?
mÙkj & osnksa eS lc lR; fo|kvksa dk Kku foKku gSA
ç’u 12-
12- osnks ds fo"k; dkSu dkSu ls gSa ?
mÙkj & osnksa ds pkj fo"k; gSA
_f"k fo"k;
1- _Xosn & Kku
2- ;tqosZn & deZ
3- lkeosn & mikluk
4- vFkoZosn & foKku

5
ç’u 13-
13- fdl osn esa D;k gSa ?
_Xosn esaA
1- eaMy & 10
2- v"Vd & 08
3- lwä & 1028
4- vuqokd & 85
5- _pk,a & 10589
;tqosZn esaA
1- v/;k; & 40
2- ea= & 1975
lkeosn esaA
1- vkjfpd & 06
2- v/;k; & 06
3- _pk,a & 1875
vFkoZosn esaA

6
1- dkaM & 20
2- lwä & 731
3- ea= & 5977
ç’u 14-
14- osn i<+us dk vf/kdkj fdldks gS ?
mÙkj & euq"; ek= dks osn i<+us dk vf/kdkj gSA pkgs oks
fdlh Hkh o.kZ dk D;ksa uk gksaA
ç’u 15-
15- D;k osnksa esa ewfrZiwtk dk fo/kku gS ?
mÙkj & osnksa esa ewfrZ iwtk dk fo/kku dnkfi ughaA
ç’u 16-
16- D;k osnksa esa vorkjokn dk çek.k gS ?
mÙkj & osnksa esa vorkjokn dk dksbZ çek.k ugha gSA
ç’u 17-
17- lcls cM+k osn dkSulk gS?
mÙkj & lcls cM+k osn _Xosn gSA
ç’u 18-
18- osnksa dh mRifÙk dc gqbZ ?

7
mÙkj & osnks dh mRifÙk l`f"V ds vkfn ls ijekRek }kjk
gqbZA vFkkZr 1 vjc 96 djksM+ 8 yk[k 43 gtkj o"kZ
iwoZA
ç’u 19-
19- osn Kku ds lgk;d n'kZu] 'kkL= ¼miva
¼mivax½
fdrus gSa vkSj muds ys[kdksa dk D;k uke gS ?
mÙkj &
1- U;k; n'kZu & xkSre eqfuA
2- oS'ksf"kd n'kZu & d.kkn eqfuA
3- ;ksxn'kZu & iratfy eqfuA
4- ehekalk n'kZu & tSfeuh eqfuA
5- lka[; n'kZu & dfiy eqfuA
6- osnkar n'kZu & O;kl eqfuA
ç’u 20-
20- 'kkL=ksa ds fo"k; D;k gS ?
mÙkj & vkRek] ijekRek] ç—fr] txr dh mRifÙk] eqfä
vFkkZr lc çdkj dk HkkSfrd o vk/;kfRed Kku foKku
vkfnA
8
ç’u 21-
21- çkekf.kd mifu"kns fdruh gS ?
mÙkj & çkekf.kd mifu"kn dsoy X;kjg gSA
ç’u 22-
22- mifu"knksa ds uke crkos ?
mÙkj &
1- bZ'k ¼bZ'kkokL;½ 2- dsu 3- dB 4- ç'u 5- eqaMd
6- ekaMw 7- ,srjs; 8- rSfÙkjh; 9- NkanksX;
10- o`gnkj.;d 11- 'osrk'orj A
ç’u 23-
23- mifu"knksa ds fo"k; dgk¡ ls fy, x, gS ?
mÙkj & mifu"knksa ds fo"k; osnksa ls fy, x, gSaA
ç’u 24-
24- pkj o.kZ dkSu dkSu ls gksrs gSaA
mÙkj- 1- czkã.k 2-
2- {kf=; 3-
3- oS'; 4-
4- 'kwæ
ç’u 25-
25- pkj ;qx dkSu dkSu ls gksrs gS vkSj fdrus o"kksaZ
ds ?
mÙkj &

9
1- lr;qx & 17]28000 o"kksaZ dk uke ¼ lr;qx ) j[kk
gSA
2- =srk;qx & 12]96000 o"kksaZ dk uke ¼ =srk;qx ½ j[kk
gSA
3- }kij;qx & 8]64000 o"kksaZ dk uke gSA
4- dy;qx & 4]32000 o"kksaZ dk uke gSA
dy;qx ds 4]976 o"kksaZ dk Hkksx gks pqdk gS vHkh rdA
4]27024 o"kksaZ dk Hkksx gksuk ckdh gSA
ç’u iap egk;K dkSu dkSu ls gksrs gS ?
mÙkj &
1- czã;K 2- nso;K 3- fir`;K 4- cfyoS'onso;K 5-
vfrfFk;K
LoxZ & tgka lq[k gSaA ujd & tgka nq%[k gSaA
osnksa esa bZ'oj ds ,d gksus ds çek.k
Monotheism vaxzsth ds bl 'kCn ls cgqr yksx ,d
vleatl dh fLFkfr esa gSaA bldk vFkZ gS ,ds'ojokn
10
vFkkZr bZ'oj ,d gSA if'peh fopkjdksa us osnksa dks ysdj
,d HkzkfUr gS fd osnksa esa bZ'oj vusd gS vFkkZr osn
cgqnsorkokn dk leFkZu djrs gSA mudh nwljh ekU;rk ;g
gS fd lsesfVd er tSls bZlkbZ/bLyke esa bZ'oj ,d gSA
mudh bl ekU;rk dk vusd Hkkjrh; fopkjd Hkh
va/kkuqlj.k djrs feyrs gSaA Lokeh n;kuUn us osnksa ij
O;kid vuqlU/kku djus ds i'pkr ;g fl)kar LFkkfir
fd;k fd osnksa esa ,ds'ojokn dk lUns'k fn;k x;k gSaA ,d
bZ'oj ds vusd xq.kksa ds dkj.k vusd uke gSA mudk gj
xq.k muds ,d ;k vusd ukeksa dk çfriknd gSaA bl
O;k[;k dks u le> dj vusd fopkjdksa us Lokeh th ij
;g nks"kkjksi.k Hkh dj fn;k fd Lokeh th lsesfVd erksa ls
çHkkfor FksA tcfd lR; ;g gS fd bZlkbZ esa esa
,ds'ojokn ugha vfirq F;ksjh vkWQ fVªfuVh vFkkZr bZ'oj]
ifo= vkRek vkSj bZ'oj dk iq= rhu dks ekuk x;k gSA
tcfd bLyke esa vYykg] jlwy vkSj muds e/; yk[kksa
e/;Lr ;kfu Qfj'rs lans'kokgd gSaA blfy, fo'kq)

11
,ds'ojokn rks dsoy osnksa esa gh feyrk gSA esjh bl fo"k;
ij vusd fopkjdksa ls ppkZ gqbZ gSA exj os if'peh
ekU;rk dks gh leFkZu djus esa yxs gq, gSaA lhrk jke
xks;y ls ysdj jkeLo:i Hkh if'peh ekU;rk dks leFkZu
djrs feysA mudk vuqlj.k djus okys csfYt;e fuoklh
dkWujsM ,YLV ¼Koenrad Elst½] Jhdkar rkyfxjh
¼Shrikant G Talageri½ vkfn ls Hkh esjh futh ppkZ
gqbZA oks Hkh osnksa esa ,ds'ojokn dks ekuus dks rS;kj ugha
gSA vHkh gky gh esa çfl) fV~oVj gSaMy TrueIndology
us Hkh ,slk gh fd;k gSaA lR; ;g gS fd bu lHkh us osnksa
dk O;kid vkSj xaHkhj v/;;u ugha fd;k gSaA dsoy dqN
if'peh vkSj Hkkjrh; ys[kdksa dh iqLrdksa dk v/;;u ek=
fd;k gSaA blfy, bUgsa ;g HkzkfUr cuh jgrh gSA eSa iafMr
/keZnso ekrZ.M th ds bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls bl HkzkfUr
dk fuokj.k djuk pkgrk gw¡A & foosd vk;Z
osnksa esa bZ'oj ds ,d gksus ¼Monotheism½ dk o.kZu gS
tcfd if'peh fo}kuksa }kjk osnksa esa vusd bZ'oj
12
¼Polytheism½ gksuk crk;k x;k gSA Lokeh n;kuan }kjk osn
fo"k;d oSpkfjd ØkfUr dk eSDlewyj ij bruk çHkko
gqvk fd dkykUrj esa eSDlewyj Hkh osnksa esa ,ds'ojokn dh
/kkj.kk dk leFkZu djus ij foo'k gks x;sA bl lUnHkZ esa
osnksa ds çdk.M fo}ku~ if.Mr /keZnso fo|kekrZ.M th }kjk
fyf[kr ;g vyH; ys[k ßoSfnd bZ'ojoknÞ gekjh 'kadk
dk lek/kku djus ds lkFk&lkFk vR;Ur jkspd vkSj
fopkj.kh; gSA
¼1½ dbZ fo}ku 'osn vlH; taxyh yksxksa }kjk cuk;s x;s
vkSj muesa b"V dh çkfIr vkSj vfu"V ds ifjgkj ds fy;s
vfXu] ok;q] lw;Z] unh] leqæ] ioZr vkfn dh iwtk dk
bUæ] fe=] o#.k] e#r vkfn nsoksa ds uke ls mins'k gS
,slk crkrs gSaA

¼2½ vU; dbZ fo}ku osnksa esa vusds'ojokn dk ftls

vaxzsth esa ¼Polytheism½ dgrs gSa fo/kku ugha fdUrq
Henotheism ok ghunsorkokn dk çfriknu gS ,slk dgrs
13
gSaA ftldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd tc dksbZ Hkä vfXu dh
Lrqfr djus yxrk gS rks og mlh dks loksZÙke] lcdk
mRiknd vkSj loZ'kfäeku ekudj mldh iwtk djrk gS
vkSj nwljs lc nsorkvksa dks mldh vis{kk ghu ekurk gSA
tc ogh dfo bUæ dh Lrqfr djus yxrk gS rks mls gh
lcdk Lokeh] lcdk firk vkSj loZ'kfäeku ekurk vkSj
vU; lc nsoksa dks mldh vis{kk ghu crkrk gSA blh
çdkj o#.k] lfork vkfn ds fo"k; esa Hkh le>uk pkfg,A
lqçfl) teZu fo}ku çks0 eSDlewyj us cgqr nsj rd
blh er dk leFkZu fd;k Fkk ;|fi vius vafre xzUFk
(Six Systems Of Philosophy) ds fy[kus ds le; esa
mlds fopkjksa esa ifjorZu gks pqdk Fkk ,slk Li"V çrhr
gksrk gSA
¼3½ vU; dbZ fodkloknh vkSj ,sfrgkfld ;g dgrs gSa fd
oSfnd dfo yksx igys vusds'ojokn ok cgqnsorkokn
¼Poly&theism½ dks gh ekurs Fks fQj os ghunsorkokn dks
ekuus yxs x;sA Øe ls tc mudh cqf) fodflr gksrh
14
xbZ rks fo'kq) ,ds'ojokn ¼Pure monotheism½ dh dYiuk
muds eu esa mRiUu gqbZA bl çdkj fodklokn dh –f"V
ls ,ds'ojokn dk çfriknu djus okys eU= uohu gSaA
¼4½ vU; fo}ku ,slk ekurs gSa fd osn bZ'ojh; Kku :i
gSA _f"k eU=ksa ds drkZ ugha fdUrq ß_"k;ks eU= æ"VkjÞ
ß_f"knZ'kZuku lgheku nn'ksZfrÞ rn ;nsukLriL;ekuku czã
LoEH; H;ku'kZr~ r–"kh.kke`f"kRofefr foKk;rs ¼fu#äEk½A

bR;kfn çek.kksa ls os eU=ksa ds æ"Vk vFkkZr osnksa ds xw<+

vFkZ dks le> dj mudk çpkj djus okys FksA ijen;kyq
loZK Hkxoku~ }kjk çk.kh ek= ds midkj ds fy;s l`f"V ds
'kq: esa çdV fd;s tkus ds dkj.k osn fo'kq) :i esa
,ds'ojokn dk gh çfriknu djrs gSa u fd vusds'ojokn
dkA ;g vfUre i{k gh gedks ekU; gSA mlds leFkZd
dqN Li"V çek.kksa dk ;gka mYys[k djds nwljs fopkjksa dh
vkykspuk dh tk;sxhA fuEufyf[kr osn eU= ,ds'ojokn
dk vR;Ur Li"V 'kCnksa esa çfriknu djrs gSaA
15
¼1½ baæ fe=a o#.kefXuekgqjFkks fnO;: l lqi.kksZ x#RekUA
,da lf}çk cgq/kk onUR;fXua ;ea ekrfj'okuekgq:AA _0
1-164-46
bl eU= esa ;g Li"Vr;k crk;k x;k gS fd ijes'oj ,d
gh gS fdUrq fo}ku mlds vuUr xq.kksa dks lwfpr djus ds
fy, bUæ fe= o#.k vkfn ukeksa ls iqdkjrs gSaA bl çdkj
bUæ fe= o#.kkfn 'kCn eq[;r;k bZ'oj&okpd gSa ;g Li"V
fl) gksrk gSA ijekRek ijeS'o;Z lEiUu gksus ls bUæ]
lcdk fe= rFkk çsee; gksus ls fe=] lcls mÙke vkSj
oj.kh; rFkk vfo|kfn nks"k fuokjd gksus ls o#.k] Kku
Lo:i vkSj vxz.kh lcls Js"B gksus ls vfXu in ls mls
dgk tkrk gSA czãk] fo".kq] f'ko] egs'oj] egknso]
c`gLifr bR;kfn 'kCn ç/kkur;k mlh ,d ijes'oj dks
lwfpr djrs gSaA ;g fuEu eU=ksa ls fl) gksrk gSA
¼2½ RoeXu bUæks o`"kHk: lrkefl Roa fo".kq##xk;ks
ueL;:A Roa czãk jf;fon~czã.kLirs Roa fo/kr:Z lpls
iqja/;kAA _0 2-1-3
16
¼3½ RoeXus jktk o#.kks /k`rozrLRoa fe=ks Hkofl nLe
bZMî%A Roe;Zek lRifr;ZL; lEHkqta Roea'kks fonFks nso
Hkkt;q%AA _0 2-1-4

¼4½ RoeXus #æks vlqjks egks fnoLRoa 'k/kksZ ek#ra i`{k

bZf'k"ksA Roa okrSj#.kS;kZfl 'kax;LRoa iw"kk fo/kr: ikfl uq
ReukAA _0 2-1-6

¼‡½ lks·;Zek l o#.k: l #æ: l egknso:A

lks vfXu: l m lw;:Z l m ,o egk;e:A vFkoZ0 13-
4-4-5

¼6½ RofeUæLRoEegsUæLRoa yksdLRoa çtkifr:A rqH;a ;Kks fo

rk;rs rqH;a tqºofr tqºorLrosf}".kks cgq/kk oh;kZf.kAA
vFkoZ0 17-1-18

17
bu eU=ksa ij ;fn fu"i{k fopkj fd;k tk;s rks Li"V Kkr
gksrk gS fd ,d gh ijekRek ds czãk] fo".kq] #æ] bUæ]
o`"kHk] c`gLifr] vfXu] çtkifr] o#.k] fe=] v;Zek] iw"kk
vkfn uke gSa vkSj bl çdkj osnksa esa vusds'ojokn ds Hkze
dk dksbZ LFkku ugha jgrkA lR; xzg.k djus esa m|r vkSj
ik'pkR; fo}kuksa dh ekufld nklrk dks Lohdkj djus
okys fo}kuksa dks bu eU=ksa dk vPNh çdkj euu djuk
pkfg, rc mudk oSfnd ,ds'ojokn esa –<+ fo'okl gks
tk;sxk] blesa lUnsg ughaA bu eU=ksa ij fopkj djus ls
ghu nsorkokn dk Hkh [k.Mu gks tkrk gSA
¼7½ rnsokfXuLrnkfnR;Lr}k;qLrnq pUæek%A
rnso 'kqØa rn~ czã rk·vki: l çtkifr%AA ;tq0 32-1
;g eU= Hkh ,ds'ojokn dk çfriknu djrs gq, mlh
ijes'oj ds vfXu] vkfnR;] ok;q] pUækfn uke gSa] bl
ckr dks Li"V ?kksf"kr djrk gSA ,sls eU=ksa ds Hkko dks
ysdj gh dSoY;ksifu"kn~ esa&
l% czãk l% fo".kq l% #æ% lf'ko% lks·{kj%A
18
l ije:LojkV~A l bUæ% l dkykfXu: l pUæek%AA
,sls dgk gSA
Hkxoku~ euq us Hkh&
ç'kkflrkja losZ"kka v.kh;kala v.kksjfiA
#DekHka LoIu/khxE;a fo|kÙka iq#"ka ijEAA
,ra ,ds onUR;fXua euqa vU;s çtkifrEA
bUæa ,ds ijs çk.ka vijs czã 'kk'orEkAA euq0 12-121-
123
bR;kfn 'yksdksa }kjk mlh oSfnd Hkko dk leFkZu fd;k gSA
¼8½ ;ks u% firk tfurk ;ks fo/kkrk /kkekfu osn Hkqoukfu
fo'okA ;ks nsokuka uke/k ,d ,o ra lEç'ua Hkqouk
;UR;U;kAA _10-62-3
bl eU= esa Hkh ijekRek ,d gh gS tks nsoksa ds uke
vfXu] fe=] o#.kkfn dks /kkj.k djusokyk gSA ,slk lkQ
dgk gSA ;gh eU= vFkoZosn ds 2-1-3 esa FkksM+s ikB Hksn
ds lkFk bl çdkj ik;k tkrk gS&
19
l u% firk tfurk l mr cU/kq/kkZekfu osn Hkqoukfu fo'okA
;ks nsokuka uke/k ,d ,o ra lEç'ua Hkqouk ;fUr lokZAA
bu nksuksa eU=ksa esa ç;qä ;ks nsokuka uke/k ,d ,o ;g
va'k fo'ks"k euuh; gS tks osnksa esa vusds'oj okn fo"k; ds
Hkze dks nwj djus dks i;kZIr gSA
¼9½ ijekRek ,d gh gS tks loZnk vkSj loZ'kfäeku gksus
ls ,d ek= Lrqfr djus ;ksX; gS ,slk fuEufyf[kr
_Xosnh; eU= esa mins'k fd;k x;k gSA

; ,d bÙkeq "Vqfg —"Vhuka fop"kZf.k:A ifrtZKs o`"kØrq:AA

_0 6-45-16
bl eU= esa vR;Ur Li"V 'kCnksa esa ,ds'ojokn dk
çfriknu gSA ,slh voLFkk esa osn vusds'ojokn ok
ghu&nsorkokn dk leFkZu djrs gSa] ,slk dguk fdruk
v'kq) rFkk i{kikr lwpd gS ;g cqf)eku Lo;a fu'p;
dj ldrs gSaA
20
¼10½ _Xosn 8-1-1 lke&n 3-1-10 esa ik;k tkus okyk
fuEu eU= bUæ in ls ijekRek dk cks/k djkrs gq,
vusds'ojokn dk [k.Mu vkSj ,ds'ojokn dk çcy
leFkZu djrk gSA
ek fpnU;f} 'kalr l[kk;ks ek fj"k.;rA bUæfeRLrksrk
o`"k.ka lpk lqrs eqgq#DFkk p 'kalrAA
vFkZ& gs fe=ks! dsoy loSZ'o;Z lEiUu ijekRek dh Lrqfr
djks vU; fdlh dh ughaA bl çdkj vU;ksa dh Lrqfr
djds nq%[kh u gksvksA ckj&ckj ;Kkfn lc 'kqHk deksaZ esa
leLr lq[ko"kZd Hkxoku~ dh gh Lrqfr djrs jgksA

¼11½ ogh ,d bUækfn in okP; ijekRek gh iwtk djus

;ksX; gS vU; ugha] ;g Hkko fuEu eU= esa Hkh Li"Vr;k
ik;k tkrk gSA

21
; ,d b)O;'p"kZ.khukfeUæa ra xhfHkZjH;pZ vkfHk:A ;:
iR;rs o`"kHkks o`".;kokURlR;: lRok iq#ek;: lgLokUAA
_0 6-22-1

p"kZ.kh 'kCn dk vFkZ fu?k.Vq esa euq"; fn;k gh gS vr% og

,d ijes'oj gh lc euq";ksa dk iwtuh; gS ;g eU=kFkZ gSA

¼12½ çtkifr ¼lkjh çtk dk ikyd½ ijekRek ,d gh gS

vkSj ogh loZ O;kid] loZ'kfäeku~ vkSj loZK gksus ls
iwtuh; gS] ;g fgj.;xHkZ lwä esa vusds'ojokn dk
fujkdj.k djrs gq, bl çdkj Li"V crk;k x;k gSA

çtkirs u RonsrkU;U;ks fo'ok tkrkfu ifjrk cHkwoA

;RdkekLrs tqgqeLrUuks vLrq o;a L;ke ir;ks j;h.kkEkAA

22
blh lqçfl) fgj.;xHkZ lwä ds "fgj.;xHk:Z leorZrkxzs"A
blh çFke eU= dks igys m)r fd;k gh tk pqdk gSA
mlh lwä esaA
;ks nsos"of/knso ,d vklhr dLeS nsok; gfo"kk fo/kseAA
;gh eU= ijekRek dks nsokf/knso crkrs gq, mlh dh
iwtuh;rk dk çfriknu djrk gSA bl lwä ds ckjs esa
çks0 eSDlewyj us "History of the Sanskrit Literature"
i`0 568 esa bl çdkj fy[kk gSA

"I add only one more hymn (RIG 10-121) in

which the idea of one God is expressed with such
power and decision, that it will make us hesitate
before we deny to the Aryan nature an instinctive
monotheism-"

23
vFkkZr~ eSa ,d vkSj lwä _0 10-121 dks m)`r djrk gwa
ftlesa ,ds'ojokn dk brus Li"V rFkk çcy 'kCnksa esa
çfriknu gS fd gesa vk;Z tkfr esa LokHkkfod ,ds'ojokn
ls bUdkj djus esa cgqr gh ladqfpr gksuk iM+sxkA
¼13½ vFkoZ osn ds 13 dk.M esa Hkh vusds'oj dk
fujkdj.k djrs gq, ,ds'ojokn dk bu Li"V 'kCnksa esa
çfriknu gSA
u f}rh;ks u r`rh;'prqFkksZ ukI;qP;rs u i¥~peks u "k"B:
lIreks ukI;qP;rsA uk"Veks u uoeks n'keks ukI;qP;rs l ,"k
,d ,d o`nsd ,oAA vFkoZ0 13-4-16-21
;gka ,d ¼o`r~ dk vFkZ ,d lu~ o`.kksfr& O;kIuksfr losZ
txRk½ bl O;qRifÙk ls loZO;kid gSA D;k buls lkQ
,ds'ojokn dk çfriknu gks ldrk gS\ ,slk gksus ij Hkh
tks egkuqHkko osnksa dks vusds'ojokn çfriknd crkrs gSa
mudk fodkloknkfn fo"k; esa i{kikr gh lwfpr gksrk gS u
fd lR; xzg.k djus dh bPNkA

24
¼14½ og ,d ijes'oj gh lkjs lalkj dk Lokeh vkSj
iwtuh; gS bl fo"k; dks fuEufyf[kr nks vFkoZosn ds eU=
Hkh Li"Vr;k crkrs gSaA
fnO;ks xU/koksZ HkqouL; ;Lifrjsd ,o ueL;ks fo{ohMî:A ra
Rok ;kSfe czã.kk fnO; nso ueLrs vLrq fnfo rs l/kLFkEkAA
vFkoZ0 2-2-1
¼15½ e`Mkn~xU/koksZ HkqouL; ;Lifrjsd ,o ueL;:
lq'ksok:AA vFkoZ 2-2-2
;gka xU/koZ% dk vFkZ ¼xk ok.kh lw;Z Hkwfe ok /kjrhfr
xU/koZ½ bl O;qRifÙk ds vuqlkj ok.kh lw;Z ok Hkwfe dk
/kkj.k djus okyk vkSj lq'ksok dk mÙke] lq[knk;d gSA
bl eU= esa ç;qä ',d ,o ueL;' og ,d ijes'oj gh
iwtk djus ;ksX; gS ;s 'kCn osnksa esa vusds'ojokn fo"k;d
Hkze dks nwj djus ds fy;s i;kZIr gSa ;fn bu ij fu"i{k
gksdj fopkj fd;k tk,A vkSj Hkh lSdM+ksa çek.k osnksa ds
fo'kq) ,ds'ojokn dks fl) djus ds fy;s fn;s tk ldrs
gSa fdUrq foLrkjHk; ls bl fo"k; dks ;gha lekIr fd;k
25
tkrk gSA fHkUu „ osnksa vkSj LFkyksa ls m)`r ;s eU= Li"V
fl) djrs gSa fd osnksa esa ,ds'ojokn vksr çksr gSA
vusds'ojokn ghunsorkokn (Henotheism½ ok fodklokn
¼Evolution theory½ ds }kjk bu eU=ksa dh fdlh çdkj
Hkh O;k[;k ugha dh tk ldrhA blfy;s fu"i{k vusd
çfl) ik'pkR; fo}ku~ Hkh vc osnksa esa ,ds'ojokn dk
çfriknu gS bl ckr dks ekuus yxs x;s gSa& tSlk fd
fuEu m)j.kksa ls çekf.kr gksrk gSA

ik'pkR; fo}ku vkSj oSfnd ,ds'ojokn

¼1½ çks0 eSDlewyj ds History of the Sanskrit
Literature ls ,d m)j.k igys fn;k tk pqdk gSA fuEu
m)j.k muds vfUre xzUFk "Six Systems Of
Philosophy" ls fn;k tkrk gS ftlesa mUgksaus Li"Vr;k
Lohdkj fd;k gS fd bUæ] vfXu] ekrfj'ok] çtkifr vkfn
ukeksa ls osnksa esa oLrqr% ,d bZ'oj dk gh çfriknu gSA

26
“Whatever is the age when the collection of our
Rigveda Sanhita was finished] it was before that
age that the conception had been formed that
there is but one] One Being] neither male nor
female] a Being raised high above all the
conditions and limitations of personality and
nevertheless the Being that was really meant by
all such names as Indra] Agni] Matarishva and by
the name of Praja Pati& Lord of creatures- In
fact] the Vedic Poets had arrived at a conception
of Godhood which was reached once more by
some of the Christian Philosophers of
AleÛandria] but which even at present is beyond
the reach of many who call themselves
Christians."
27
 ~ dksyeSu ¼Charles Coleman½ uked
¼2½ fe0 pkyZl
lqçfl) ik'pkR; fo}ku~ us oSfnd bZ'ojokn ds fo"k; esa
viuk vfHkçk; bu 'kCnksa esa çdV fd;k gSA
“The Almighty Infinite Eternal Incomprehensible
Self-existent, Being, He who sees everything
though never seen is Brahma, the One Unknown
True Being, the Creator, the Preserver and
Destroyer of the Universe. Under such and
innumerable other definitions is the Deity
acknowledged in the Vedas”
(Mythology of the Hindus)
HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd osnksa esa ijekRek dks ,d loZ'kfäekUk]
loZO;kid] vuUr] fuR;] vfo{ks;] Lo;EHkw] loZ æ"Vk]
txr~ dk drkZ] /krkZ vkSj lagrkZ vkfn :i ls crk;k x;k
gSA
28
¼3½ dkSUV tkuZ~l tukZ uked çfl) fo}ku~ us
'Theogony of the Hindus' uked iqLrd esa osn eU=ksa
ds çek.k nsrs gq, fy[kk gS&
“These truly sublime ideas can not fail to
convince us that the Vedas recognise only one
God] which is Almighty, Infinite, Eternal], Self-
existent, the Light and Lord of the Universe.”
vFkkZr bu mnkgj.kksa ls gesa ;g fo'okl gq, fcuk ugha
jg ldrk fd osn ,d gh ijekRek dks Lohdkj djrs vkSj
mldk çfriknu djrs gSa tks loZ'kfäeku] vuUr] fuR;]
Lo;EHkw] txr dk çdk'kd vkSj Lokeh gSA
¼4½ dksyC:d ¼Colebrook½ uked çfl) vaxzst fo}ku
us çkphu lukru /keZ ds fo"k; esa bl çdkj fy[kk gS&

29
“The ancient Hindu Religion as founded on the
hindu scriptures (Vedas) recognise but one God.”
“Asiatic Researches Vol III P 385”

lkjka'k ;g gS fd fgUnw /keZ xzUFkksa ¼osnkfn 'kkL=ksa½ ij

vkfJr fgUnw /keZ ,ds'ojokn dk gh çfriknu djrk gSA

¼5½ vusZLV oqM ¼Ernest Wood½ uked lqçfl) vaxzst

fo}ku us "An English man defends mother Indra"
uked iqLrd esa bZ'ojokn ds fo"k; esa ,sls fy[kk &
“In the eyes of the Hindus there is but one
Supreme God. This was stated long ago in the
Rigveda in the following words Þ,da lf}çk cgq/kk
onfUrß Which may be translated The sages name
the One Being variously.”
(Page 128.)
30
vFkkZr~ fgUnqvksa dh –f"V esa ,d gh ijekRek gSA bldk
çfriknu cgqr çkphu le; esa _Xosn esa ,da lf}çk
cgq/kk onfUr bR;kfn 'kCnksa }kjk fd;k x;k Fkk ftldk
vFkZ gS fd fo}ku~ yksx ,d gh ijes'oj dks vusd ukeksa
ls iqdkjrs gSaA
vU; Hkh vusd m)j.k ik'pkR; fo}kuksa ds xzUFkksa ls
oSfnd ,ds'ojokn ds leFkZu esa fn;s tk ldrs gSa fdUrq
foLrkj ds Hk; ls vHkh brus gh i;kZIr le>dj nsoksa ds
fo"k; esa fopkj çkjEHk fd;k tkrk gSA
ys[kd & fou; th vk;Z] fnYyh

31
èkeZ og gS tks euq"; ek= ds fy;s ,d gh gSaA
èkeZij vkpj.k djus okyksa dk uke ekuo gS dksà i'kq
èkeZ ugh tkurk vkSj uk i'kq ds fy, èkeZ gS] ekuo gh
èkeZ ij vkpj.k djrk gS] eka dks eka dguk gh èkeZ gSaA
èkeZ gh euq"; dks euq"; cukrk gSaA èkeZ gh var rd
euq"; dk lkFkh gS] ca/kq ckaèko ekrk firk Hkkà cgu viuk
lc dksà lkFk NksM+ nsrk gS ijUrq ;g èkeZ gh gS tks
euq";ksa dks vUr rd lkFk nsrk gSA
;gh dkj.k gS fd 'kkL=dkjksa us dgk
;qoSo èkeZ f'kyk% Lokn fuR;e
fuR;e [kksyw thforkeA
dksgh tukfr
tukfr dL;kn e`R;q dkyks Hkfo";frAA
;qok voLFkk ls gh èkeZ dk ikyu djuk pkfg,] D;ksafd
dksà ugh tkurk gS fdl dh e`R;q fdl ?kM+h mifLFkr gks
tk;\ nknk ds lkeus iksrk pyk tkrk gS] firk ds lkeus
iq= pyk tkrk gSA ;g dqVqEc vkfn rks lc ds lc lkFk

32
NksM+ nsaxs ij tks èkeZ ij vkpj.k fd;k x;k og èkeZ
lcds var rd gh lkFk nsrk gSA
xhrk esa Hkh blh çlax dks ;ksxsÜoj Jh —".k th us cgqr
vPNs rjhds ls le>k;k gSA gs euq”;ksa ftu ckUèkkoksa ij
rqe ?keaM djrs gks ge brus Hkkà gS ns[k ysaxsA gekjs ikl
;g 'kfä gSa eSa çèkkueU=h
çèkkueU=h gw¡ & çkUr esa eq[;eU=h gS lc
dks ns[k ysaxs ftls eu pkgsxk djksM+ks ns nsaxsA ogka vUr
le; ;g lkjk ?ke.M èkjk jg tk;sxkA
çèkkueU=h gks ;k eq[;eU=h] ek= viuk Le`fr gh NksM+
tk;saxs eU=h th ds lkFk nsus okys ek= 'ke'kku rd gh
lkFk nsaxsA mlds vkxs ugh tk ldrs vkSj pkgus ij Hkh
ugh tk ik,axsA vxj nksuksa dks lkFk tyk fn;k tk; fQj
Hkh ,d lkFk ugh gks ldrs] dkj.k nksuksa dk deZ vyx
vyx gS rks nksuksa ds LFkku Hkh vyx vyx gh cusaxsA
ftl 'kjhj ij xoZ fd;k D;k D;k lkèku tqVk, bl 'kjhj
dks etcwr cukus ds fy, dHkh lksuk pk¡nh okyk
P;ouçk'k fy;k] dHkh jkenso ¼iratfy½ okyk rks dHkh
33
Mkcj okyk ijUrq ;g 'kjhj Hkh vkids lkFk ugh tk;saxs]
;fn x;k Hkh rks ek= fprk rd gh lkFk gks ldsxkA ftl
iRuh ij vki us xoZ fd;k ml cspkjh dks rks ?kj ds
pkS[kV ij gh jksd fy;k tk;sxkA fQj dkSu tk jgk gS
vki ds lkFk\ rks ;gh ,d gh lgkjk lg;ksxh gS èkeZ tks
vki us dek;k gS ogh lkFk tk;sxk vki ds euk djus ij
Hkh og u #dsxk vkSj u vki mls jksd ldsaxsA
vc nqHkkZX; ls gekjs ns'k ds jktusrk x.k mlh èkeZ dks gh
udkj fn;k] fd jktuhfr esa èkeZ ugh gSA ;k rks jktuhfr
dks èkeZ ls vyx j[kks ;k caèkqvksa tjk fopkj djsa] D;k
jktuhfr ls èkeZ dks vyx djuk ;k gksuk laHko gS\
rks 'kkL= dgrk gS ugh dj ldrs gSa dkj.k rks mRrj
feyk fjÜor ysuk èkeZ gS vFkok vèkeZ\ fjÜor Hkh rks
vki jktuhfr esa tk dj gh ys jgs gS\
vc dksà phuh ?kksVkyk djs] rkjdksy ?kksVkyk djs] cksQkslZ
?kksVkyk djs] pkjk ?kksVkyk
Vkyk djs] rkcwr ?kksVkyk djs] 2G
bLisdVªke ?kksVkyk djs o ;g lkjk ?kksVkyk ;gh jktus
jktusrk
34
ls gh gqvk gS tks vèkeZ gS tc fjÜor ysuk gh vèkeZ gS
rks vki yksxksa us èkeZ dks R;kx dSls ik,\ ekuo gS rks èkeZ
gS] vkSj [kwch dh ckr ;g Hkh gS dh ;gh èkeZ ekuo ek=
ds fy;s gSa blls ekuo vyx gks gh ugh ldrkA
ys[kd &egs
egsUæiky vk;Z oSfnd çoäk fnYyh 08@11@16

35
 osnok.kh
vkse~ vfXuehys iqjksfgra ;KL; nsoe`fRote~A gksrkja

jRuèkkree~A ॥ƒ॥

vfXu lwä ¼_Xosn lafgrk ƒ-ƒ-ƒ½

¼_f"k eèkqPNUnk oSÜokfe=A nsork vfXuA Nan xk;=h½
oSfnd vFkZ & vfXu% & vfXu vxzf.k gS] vFkkZr] ÃÜoj ds
lc xq.kksa esa vfXu çFke gSA
Ãys% – Lrqfr djrs gSaA
iqj% fgre~ ¾ iqjksfgre~ & lEiw.kZ flzf"V ls iwoZ ¼lw{e ls
LFkwy½A
;K% & gou iwtu ;qä Js"B oSfnd —R;A
;KL; & bl ;K dsA
nsoe~ & nsus okyk nsork gSa vkSj ÃÜoj ds fnO; xq.kksa esa
Js"B gSA

36
_fRote~ & tks lc le; ,oa _rqvksa esa iwT; gS] vFkkZr
ÃÜoj Lo:i gSA
gksrkje~ & tks txr~ ds lc thoksa dks lc inkFkZ nsus okyk
gS] tks orZeku vkSj çy; esa lcdks lekfgr djus okyk
gSA
jRu% & lc mÙke inkFkks± ,oa Lo.kZ jRukfn dksA
èkkree~ & èkkj.k djus ,oa djkus okyk gSA
gs vfXu Lo:i ijekRek] bl ;K ds }kjk eSa vkidh
vkjkèkuk djrk gwaA l`f’V iwoZ Hkh vki Fks vkSj vkids
vfXu:i ls gh l`f’V dh jpuk gqÃA gs vfXu:i
ijekRek] vki lc dqN nsus okys gSaA vki çR;sd le;
,oa _rq esa iwT; gSaA vki gh vius vfXu:i ls txr~ ds
lc thoksa dks lc inkFkZ nsus okys gSa ,oa orZeku vkSj
çy; esa lcdks lekfgr djus okys gSaA gs vfXu:i
ijekRek vki gh lc mÙke inkFkks± dks èkkj.k djus ,oa
djkus okys gSA

37
 ‘kqU; dh [kkst
vk;Z Hkê us 'kwU; dh [kkst dh rks jkek;.k esa jko.k ds
nl lj dh x.kuk dSls dh x;h\ jko.k ds nl flj dSls
gks ldrs gSa] tcfd 'kwU; dh [kkst vk;ZHkê us dh\ dqN
yksx fgUnw èkeZ o ßjkek;.kÞ ßEkgkHkkjrÞ ßxhrkÞ dks
dkYifud fn[kkus ds fy, ;g ç'u djrs gS fd tc vk;Z
Hkê us yxHkx 6oha 'krkCnh es ¼'kwU;½ dh [kkst dh rks
vk;Z Hkê dh [kkst ls yxHkx 5000 gtkj o"kZ igys
jkek;.k esa jko.k ds 10 flj dh fxurh dSls dh xÃA
vkSj egkHkkjr esa dkSjoks dh 100 dh la[;k dh fxurh
dSls dh xÃA tcfd ml le; yksx ¼’kqU;½ dks tkurs gh
ugh Fks rks yksxks us fxurh dks dSls fxuhA vc eS bl
ç'u dk mÙkj ns jgk gwaA
—i;k bls iwjk è;ku ls i<sA
vk;ZHkê ls igys lalkj 0 ¼'kqU;½ dks ugh tkurk Fkk
vk;ZHkê us gh ¼'kqU;½ dh [kkst dh] ;g gh ,d lR; gSA
ijUrq vk;ZHkê us 0 ¼’kqU;½ dh [kkst vadks es dh Fkh]
38
'kCnksa esa [kkst ugÈ dh Fkh] mlls igys 0 ¼vad dks½ 'kCnks
es 'kqU; dgk tkrk FkkA ml le; es Hkh fgUnw /keZ xzaFkks es
tSls f'ko iqjk.k] LdUn iqjk.k vkfn es vkdk'k dks 'kqU;
dgk x;k gSA ;gk¡ ij ß'kqU;Þ dk vFkZ vuar ls gksrk gSA
ijUrq jkek;.k o egkHkkjr dky es fxurh vadks es u
gksdj 'kCnks es gksrk Fkh vkSj og Hkh laL—r esaA
ml le; 1] 2] 3] 4] 5] 6] 7] 8] 9] 10 vad ds
LFkku is 'kCnks dk ç;ksx gksrk Fkk og Hkh laL—r ds 'kCnks
dk ç;ksx gksrk FkkA
tSls 1 ¾ çFke] 2 ¾ f}rh;] 3 ¾ r`rh;] 4 ¾ prqFkZ]
5 ¾ iape] 6 ¾ "k"Va] 7 ¾ lIre] 8 ¾ v"Ve] 9 ¾
uoae] 10 ¾ n'keA n'ke ¾ nl vFkkZr n'ke es nl rks
vk x;k] ijUrq vad dk 0 ¼'kqU;½ ugh vk;k] jko.k dks
n'kkuu dgk tkrk gSA n'kkuu n'k $ vkuu ¾ n'k flj
okyk vc ns[kksA jko.k ds nl flj dh fxurh rks gks xÃA
ijUrq vadks dk 0 ¼’kqU;½ ugh vk;kA blh çdkj
egkHkkjr dky es laL—r 'kCn es dkSjoks dh lkS dh la[;k
39
dks 'kr&'kre crk;k x;kA 'kr~ ,d laL—r dk Þ'kCnÞ
gSA ftldk fgUnh es vFkZ lkS ¼100½ gksrk gSA lkS ¼100½
dks laL—r es 'kr~ dgrs gSA 'kr ¾ lkSA bl çdkj
egkHkkjr dky es dkSjoks dh la[;k fxuus es lkS gks xÃA
ijUrq bl fxurh eas Hkh vad dk 0 ¼nks xquk 'kqU;½ ugh
vk;k vkSj fxurh Hkh iwjh gks xÃA egkHkkjr èkeZxzaFk esa
dkSjo dh la[;k 'kr crk;k x;k gSA jkseu es Hkh
1&2&3&4&5&6&7&8&9&10 dh txg ij ¼i½ ¼ i i ½ ¼
i i i½ ikap dks v dgk tkrk gSA nl dks X dgk tkrk gSA
jkseu es X dks nl dgk tkrk gSA X ¾ nlA bl jkseu
X es vad dk ¼’kqU;@0½ ugh vk;kA ge n'k i< Hkh
fy, vkSj fxurh iwjh gks xÃA bl çdkj jkseu “kCn eas Hkh
dgh 0 ¼’kqU;½ ugh vkrk gSA vkSj vki Hkh jkseu es ,d
ls ysdj lkS dh fxurh i< fy[k ldrs gSA vki dks 0
;k 00 fy[kus dh t:jr Hkh ugh iM+rh gSA igys ds
tekus es fxurh dks 'kCnks es fy[kk tkrk FkkA ml le;
vadks dk Kku ugh FkkA tSls xhrk] jkek;.k es
40
1Þ2Þ3Þ4Þ5Þ6 ;k ckdh ikBks ¼lesson½ dks bl çdkj
i<k tkrk gSA tSls ¼çFke vè;k;] f}rh; vè;k;] iape
vè;k;] n'ke vè;k;--- vkfnA buds n'ke vè;k; vFkZ
n'kok ikB ¼10 lesson½ gksrk gSA n'ke vè;k; ¾ nlok
ikB bles n'k 'kCn rks vk x;kA ysfdu bl n'k es vadks
dk 0 ¼”kqU;½ dk ç;ksx ugh gqvkA fcuk 0 vk, ikBks
¼lesson½ dh fxurh n'k gks xÃA ¼fgUnw fojksèkh vkSj
ukfLrd yksx dsoy vius xyr dqrdZ }kjk fgUnw èkeZ o
fgUnw èkeZxzaFkks dks dkYifud lkfcr djuk pkgrs gS½ ftlls
fgUnwvks ds eu es fgUnw èkeZ ds çfr uQjr Hkjdj vkSj
fgUnw èkeZ dks dkYifud lkfcr djds] fgUnw lekt dks
vU; èkeks± esa ifjoÆrr fd;k tk,A ysfdu vkt dk fgUnw
lekt vius èkkÆed f'k{kk dks xzg.k uk djus ds dkj.k
bu yksxks ds >qB dks lgh eku cSBrk gSA ;g gekjs èkeZ
laL—r ds fy, gkfudkjd gSA viuh lH;rk igpkus] xoZ
djs dh ge Hkkjrh; gSA

41
tkfrokn ds jksx ls cpus ds fy;s çsj.kk nsrh esjh ,d
dfork
osnKku dks Hkwys tc ge] yx x;k tkrikr dk jksx
osnKku dks Hkwys tc ge] yx x;k tkrikr dk jksx
NksM+NkM+ dj HksnHkko dks] ekuork dk dj mi;ksx
txr cukdj ÃÜoj us tc] Kku lHkh dks çnku fd;k
ekuo dh ,d tkr cukdj] Hkxou us midkj fd;k
ekuo dh ,d tkr cukdj] Hkxou us midkj fd;k
vka[k ukd vkSj dku ,d gSa] ey vkSj Hkkstu ,d lHkh
Hksn fd;k uk ÃÜoj us tc] er dj rw Hkh Hksn dHkh
Hksn fd;k uk ÃÜoj us tc] er dj rw Hkh Hksn dHkh
Hkxr çHkq dk rc dgyk;s] djs lHkh dk tc lg;ksx
NksM+NkM+ dj HksnHkko dks] ekuork dk dj mi;ksxA
yM+k ds gedks tkrikr esa] ns'k dks vfjny us ckaVk
euqHkZo% dk eU= le>dj] ekjks vfjny dks pkaVk
euqHkZo% dk eU= le>dj] ekjks vfjny dks pkaVk
42
ns'k es Fkh tc o.kZ O;oLFkk] Åap uhp uk djrs Fks
vkèkkj deZ dk ysdj ds oks] o.kZ p;u fQj djrs Fks
vkèkkj deZ dk ysdj ds oks] o.kZ p;u fQj djrs Fks
ÞçTtoyÞ Åap uhp dks rtdj] djys ;s oSfnd ç;ksx
NksM+NkM+ dj HksnHkko dks] ekuork dk dj mi;ksx
NksM+NkM+ dj HksnHkko dks] ekuork dk dj mi;ksx
ys[kd & dfo çTtoy vk;Z

43
 xq#dqy ds nks f'k";
,d xq#dqy ds nks f'k"; vius xq# ds lkFk unh Luku dks
x,A Lukuksijkar nksuksa è;ku yxkdj cSB x,A vpkud
mUgsa ,d Mwcrs ckyd dh vkokt lqukà iM+hA lqurs gh
,d f'k"; iwtk NksM+dj unh esa dwn x;k vkSj Mwcrs ckyd
dks cpk ys vk;k] ijarq nwljk f'k"; iwtk gh djrk jgkA
muds xq# lkjh ?kVuk ds lk{kh FksA mUgksaus mlls
iwNk&ÞoRl! D;k rqeus ml ckyd dh iqdkj ugÈ lquh
Fkh\ og f'k"; cksyk&xq#nsoA lquh rks Fkh] ijarq iwtk eè;
esa dSls NksM+ ldrk Fkk\ NksM+us ij D;k eSa iki dk Hkkxh
ugÈ gksrk\ xq# cksys&nqHkkZX; gS oRl fd brus o"kZ
èkeZ'kkL=ksa dk vè;;u djus ds ckn Hkh rqe èkeZ dk lkj
ugÈ le> ik,A èkeZ dk lkj FkksFks deZdkaM esa ugÈ] cfYd
ihfM+r ekuork dh lsok djus esa gSA lPps èkeZ dk ikyu
rks nwljs f'k"; us fd;k gSA

44
 iqjk.kkas dh ?kiksy
vktdy ;g cgqr yksxksa ds eu esa gzn; esa lUnsg 'kadk gS
fd vk;Z tu dgrs gSa dh iqjk.kksa esa ?kiksy 'kkL= gSA rc
iqjk.k çsfe;ksa dk ç'u ;g gksrk gS fd iqjk.k esa ?kiyk
gqvk rks osnksa esa D;ksa ugÈ gks ldrkA
rks mudh bl 'kadk dk lekèkku crk nw¡ fd osn ,oa iqjk.k
bu nksuksa esa èkjrh vkdk'k dk varj gSA osn vkfn l`"Vh
esa fy[ks x, tcfd iqjk.k osnksa ds i'pkrA osn oSKkfud
rF;ksa ij vkèkkfjr gS ,oa iqjk.k i.Ms iqtkfj;ksa ds LokFkZ
}kjk jps x, gSaA iqjk.k egkiq#"kksa dh thofu;ka gksrh gS
ftuesa dksà Hkh LokFkÊ viuk LokFkZ fl) djus gsrq mles
dqN Hkh lPps >wBs vkd"kZd yxus okys fdLls dgkfu;ka
tksM+ ldrs gSa ftlls oks iqLrdsa vfèkd ls vfèkd foØ;
gksa ,oa fQj yksxksa dks lR; Kku ls Hkzfer dj iki dk
èku dek;k tkos D;ksa fd vke tu dks oSfnd Kku ls
vfèkd eu dks yqHkkus cgdkus okyh fdLls dgkfu;k¡ T;knk
gh vPNh yxrh gS tSls cPpksa dks pkpk pkSèkjh lkcw vkfn
45
dh dkWfeDl i<+us dks ns nks rks oks mUgsa i<+us esa vfèkd
#fp fn[kk,axsA tcfd og lc dkYifudrk gksrh gS dsoy
ek= gokà ckrs ftudk fdlh ds okLrfod thou ls dksÃ
lEcUèk ugÈ gksrk gSA tSls egk ;ksfxjkt egkiq#"k] osnksa ds
Kkrk Jh—".k th dk lEcaèk jkèkk uked dU;k ls tksM+
fn;k x;k tks fd cgqr gh vfèkd yTtfu; ,oa Çunuh; gS
;g ,d cgwr gh cM+k viokn gS vkSj ;s gh ugÈ iqjk.kksa
esa viokn gh gSA osn Kku esa dgÈ Hkh fdlh Hkh çdkj dh
viokn tud iw.kZ eux<+ar ckrsa ugÈ gSa D;ksa fd osn
oSKkfud lw=ksa ij vkèkkfjr gS tSls ;fn xf.kr fo"k; esa
tks lw= gksrs gSa ;fn muesa dksà gsjk Qsjh dh tk, rc og
ç'u gy ugÈ gks ik;sxkA Bhd mlh çdkj ls pkjksa osn Hkh
lw=ksa ij gh vkèkkfjr gSa ftuesa ;fn dksà fdruk gh LokFkÊ
O;fä gks cnyko dj gh ugÈ ldrkA vkt thrus Hkh
vkfo"dkj gq, gSa mu lcdk Js; vk;kZorZ ¼Hkkjr½ dks gh
tkrk gSA vkt blls Hkh vPNs vPNs vkfo"dkj gks ldrs
gSa Jh—".k th dk lqn'kZu pØ tSlk vkfo"dkj vkt Hkh

46
gks ldrk gS dqN Hkh vlEHko ugÈ gS ;fn ckY;koLFkk ls
gh oSfnd f'k{kk vfuok;Z :i ls ykxw gks tk;s rks ekuo
cgqr dqN dj ldrk gS tks lcds fgrkFkZ gksA
vr% esjs bl lUns'k dks tu tu rd igqapk,a ,oa vkb;s
pfy;s osnksa dh vksj iqu% ykSV pysa ,oa iqu% ,d lq–<+
vk;kZorZ ns'k dk fuekZ.k djus esa Hkjiwj ;ksxnku nsaA
ys[kd & vk;Z euh"k
ÃÜoj ,d uke vusd
vks3e~ Ørks LejA ¼;tqosZn& 40&15½
&gs deZB tho] rw vks3e~ dk Lej.k djA
ijekRek dsoy ,d gh gS mldk eq[; uke vks3e~ gS
fdUrq mlds xq.k] deZ o LoHkko ds vuqlkj vla[; uke
gSaA D;ksafd tSls ijesÜoj ds vuUr xq.k] deZ] LoHkko gS]a
oSls ml ds vuUr uke Hkh gSaA muesa ls çR;sd xq.k] dEeZ
vkSj LoHkko dk ,d&,d uke gSA
tSls & 1 ftl dk lR; fopkj'khy Kku vkSj vuUr
,sÜo;Z gS] blls ml ijekRek dk uke ÃÜoj gSA
47
2 & tks lEiw.kZ txr~ dks jp ds c<+krk gS] blfy,
ijesÜoj dk uke czãk gSAÞ
3 & pj vkSj vpj:i txr~ esa O;kid gksus ls ijekRek
dk uke fo".kq gSA
4 & tks dY;k.kLo:i vkSj dY;k.k dk djusgkjk gS]
blfy, ml ijesÜoj dk uke f'ko gSA
5 & tks ç—R;kfn tM+ vkSj lc tho ç[;kr inkFkks± dk
Lokeh ok ikyu djusgkjk gS] blls ml ÃÜoj dk uke
x.ks'k ok x.kifr gSA
6 & tks nq"V deZ djusgkjksa dks #ykrk gS] blls ijesÜoj
dk uke #æ gSA

7 & tSls iw.kZ—ik;qä tuuh vius lUrkuksa dk lq[k vkSj

mUufr pkgrh gS] oSls ijesÜoj Hkh lc thoksa dh c<+rh
pkgrk gS] bl ls ijesÜoj dk uke ekrk gSA
8 & tks lc txr~ ds cukus esa leFkZ gS] blfy, ml
ijesÜoj dk uke 'kfä gSA
48
9 & ;% Jh;rs lsO;rs losZ.k txrk fo}fn~Hk;ksZfxfHk'p l
JhjhÜoj%*A ftl dk lsou lc txr~] fo}ku~ vkSj
;ksxhtu djrs gSa] ml ijekRek dk uke Jh gSA
tks lc pjkpj txr~ dks ns[krk] fpfàr vFkkZr~ –';
cukrk] tSls 'kjhj ds us=] ukfldkfn vkSj o`{k ds i=]
iq"i] Qy] ewy] i`fFkoh] ty ds —".k] jä] Üosr] e`fÙkdk]
ik"kk.k] pUæ] lw;kZfn fpà cukrk rFkk lc dks ns[krk] lc
'kksHkkvksa dh 'kksHkk vkSj tks osnkfn'kkL= ok èkkÆed fo}ku~
;ksfx;ksa dk y{; vFkkZr~ ns[kus ;ksX; gS] blls ml
ijesÜoj dk uke y{eh gSA
blh çdkj osnkfn 'kkL=ksa esa ijekRek ds vla[; xq.k] deZ]
LoHkko O;k[;kr fd;s gSaA muds vkèkkj ij ijekRek ds
uke Hkh vla[; gS] osnks ds i<+us i<+kus ls ;g lc cksèk
gks ldrk gSA

49
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