Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTERNATIONAL
ENVIRONMENT
VTHN
ngocvth@uel.edu.vn
CONTENTS
The impact of international
01 environmental factors
02 Global trends
03 Environmental Analysis
Model
“For now, the world seems to be characterized
by relatively strong growth in the United States,
disappointing but improving growth in Europe
and Japan, slowing growth in China and
weakness in many other emerging markets—the
one big exception being India, where growth is
actually quite impressive” (Deloitte, 2016)
1.1 Overview
Need to understand
Pace of change increasing global trends & trends
within individual
Lack of familiarity with markets
international environment
Objective & experiential
Lack of knowledge about knowledge
foreign markets creates
uncertainty Constant scanning of
markets
1.2 Global environment
- Connected Africa
- Geo-political realignment
- US-China trade war
- Depopulation waves
- Xi-Putin relationship
- Power of global brands
- Growing transparency
- Cyber-insecurity
- Economic power shift – emerging markets
- Changing consumer demographics & expectations
1.3 Political forces
The role of the government
1. those that promote (i.e., encourage
or facilitate) IM marketing
transactions;
2. those that impede such transactions;
3. those that compete with or replace
IM transactions by private business
firms.
Government controls
- restrict the shipment of - requiring licenses that be - protective tariffs are high
defense products, protect the obtained before goods may be b/c it is designed to protect
domestic economy from a exported/ imported to regulate domestic industry
drain of scarce materials, & the nature of external trading - revenue tariffs are low b/c
enhance national security relationships it is designed to generate
- forms of protectionism or maximum revenue for the
trade barriers government
Government controls
3. operational/resource-based limitations.
State trading
- government engagement in commercial operations, directly
or through agencies under its control, either in place of or in
addition to private traders.
2. lower middle-income economies (GNI per capita US$996 - US$3,895) (India, Egypt,
Nigeria, Vietnam)
4. high-income economies (GNI per capita >US$ 12,055) (Argentina, Croatia, Panama,
Bahrain, France, Israel, Japan)
- The US, the EU, Hong Kong, Japan and South Korea are the five top major
markets
- Latin America (Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Colombia, and Peru) – are growing rapidly and
economic conditions have improved significantly.
- Middle East and North African (MENA) region has lagged behind in economic
growth and globalization.
Infrastructure
“Sixty per cent of the global population lives in Asia (4.4 bill)”
(United Nations, 2016)
2.2 Tech trends
# 4.1 bn. Internet uses in 2019
# Take-up of tech products varies across countries
# Asia-Pacific region most growth in new internet
users
# 2.5 bill smartphone users in 2019 (Statista, 2019)
# Use of social media
# Worldwide retail E-commerce sales will reach
$2.8 trill. (Shopify, 2018)
“Facebook had 2.27 billion monthly active users”
(Facebook, 2018)
Helpful Harmful
Political Economic
Social Technological
PEST analysis vs SWOT analysis
Strengths Political
Weaknesses Economic
Opportunities Social
Threats Technological
International
institutions
● WTO
● ASEAN
● AFTA
● APEC
● IMF
Summary
• General lack of familiarity with markets
• Every market different – don’t make
assumptions
• A wide range of factors to take into
consideration
• Fast changing global marketplace
• Importance of continuous monitoring of
international markets to identify changes
• Very difficult to eliminate risk, but can manage
it
?
What are today’s current
issues potentially affecting
international marketing and
what impact are they likely to
have?
Useful Websites
journalofworldbusiness.com unctad.org
wto.org Internetworldstats.com
worldbank.org globaltrends.com
oecd.org Mckinsey.com