LO955 Batch Management: R/3 System Release 46C 05/08/2001

LO955 Batch Management
LO955
R/3 System Release 46C 05/08/2001
0
LO955 Batch Management ...........................................................................................................................................0-1
Copyright ..................................................................................................................................................................0-2
Materials Management..........................................................................................................................................0-4
Prerequisites ..........................................................................................................................................................0-5
Target Group .........................................................................................................................................................0-6
Course Overview.......................................................................................................................................................1-1
Course Goals .........................................................................................................................................................1-2
Course Objectives .................................................................................................................................................1-3
Course Content (1) ................................................................................................................................................1-4
Course Content (2) ................................................................................................................................................1-5
Course Overview: Diagram (1) .............................................................................................................................1-6
Course Overview: Overview Diagram (2) ............................................................................................................1-7
Main Business Scenario ........................................................................................................................................1-8
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................2-1
Introduction: Unit Objectives................................................................................................................................2-2
Introduction: Course Overview Diagram (1) ........................................................................................................2-3
Introduction: Overview Diagram (2).....................................................................................................................2-4
Business Background ............................................................................................................................................2-5
Integration of Batch Management.........................................................................................................................2-6
Batch Management in Logistics............................................................................................................................2-7
Introduction: Unit Summary .................................................................................................................................2-8
Master Data...............................................................................................................................................................3-1
Master Data: Unit Objectives................................................................................................................................3-2
Master Data: Course Overview Diagram ..............................................................................................................3-3
Master Data: Business Scenario............................................................................................................................3-4
Business Definition of...........................................................................................................................................3-5
The Term...............................................................................................................................................................3-6
Master Data Structure ...........................................................................................................................................3-7
Master Data Structure ...........................................................................................................................................3-8
Material Master Record and Batch Master Record ...............................................................................................3-9
Assignment of Batch Number .............................................................................................................................3-10
Batch Creation.....................................................................................................................................................3-11
Master Data: Unit Summary ...............................................................................................................................3-12
Exercise Data Sheet ............................................................................................................................................3-13
Master Data Exercises.........................................................................................................................................3-17
Master Data Solutions .........................................................................................................................................3-19
Batch Levels..............................................................................................................................................................4-1
Batch Levels: Unit Objectives ..............................................................................................................................4-2
Batch Levels: Course Overview Diagram.............................................................................................................4-3
Batch Levels: Business Scenario..........................................................................................................................4-4
Batch Unique per Material Number and Plant ......................................................................................................4-5
Batch Unique per Material Number ......................................................................................................................4-6
Batch Unique per Client and Material Number.....................................................................................................4-7
Customizing ..........................................................................................................................................................4-8
Procedure Following a Change in the Batch Level ...............................................................................................4-9
Batch Levels: Summary ......................................................................................................................................4-10
Batch Specification ...................................................................................................................................................5-1
Batch Specification: Unit Objectives ....................................................................................................................5-2
Batch Specification: Course Overview Diagram ..................................................................................................5-3
Batch Specification: Business Scenario ................................................................................................................5-4
Integration .............................................................................................................................................................5-5
Batch Classification ..............................................................................................................................................5-6
Characteristic Inheritance......................................................................................................................................5-7
Batch Classification and Characteristic Inheritance..............................................................................................5-8
Maintaining Master Data I ....................................................................................................................................5-9
Maintaining Master Data II.................................................................................................................................5-10
Customizing: Tips and Tricks .............................................................................................................................5-11
Batch Specification: Unit Summary....................................................................................................................5-12
Batch Specification Exercises .............................................................................................................................5-13
Batch Specification Solutions .............................................................................................................................5-17
Batch Status Management.........................................................................................................................................6-1
Batch Status Management: Objectives..................................................................................................................6-2
Batch Status Mgmt: Course Overview Diagram ...................................................................................................6-3
Batch Status Management: Business Scenario.....................................................................................................6-4
Business Background ............................................................................................................................................6-5
Integration .............................................................................................................................................................6-6
How Batch Status Management Works ................................................................................................................6-7
Example ................................................................................................................................................................6-8
Tips & Tricks 1 .....................................................................................................................................................6-9
Tips & Tricks 2 ...................................................................................................................................................6-10
Batch Status Management: Summary .................................................................................................................6-11
Batch Status Management Exercises...................................................................................................................6-12
Batch Status Management Solutions..................................................................................................................6-14
Availability Check for Batches .................................................................................................................................7-1
Availability Check: Unit Objectives .....................................................................................................................7-2
Availability Check: Overview Diagram................................................................................................................7-3
Availability Check: Business Scenario .................................................................................................................7-4
Batch Definition and Availability Check ..............................................................................................................7-5
Availability Check and Status Management .........................................................................................................7-6
Availability Check: Summary...............................................................................................................................7-7
Batch Determination .................................................................................................................................................8-1
Batch Determination: Unit Objectives ..................................................................................................................8-2
Batch Determination: Course Overview Diagram ................................................................................................8-3
Batch Determination: Business Scenario ..............................................................................................................8-4
Batch Determination in the Logistics Process.......................................................................................................8-5
Principal of Batch Determination..........................................................................................................................8-6
Batch Determination for Goods Movements.........................................................................................................8-7
Batch Determination in Production.......................................................................................................................8-8
Batch Determination in Sales................................................................................................................................8-9
Batch Determination in Sales..............................................................................................................................8-10
Batch Determination in Warehouse Management...............................................................................................8-11
Batch Determination in Warehouse Management...............................................................................................8-12
Batch Determination: Application Master Data ..................................................................................................8-13
How Customizing and the Applications Are Linked ..........................................................................................8-14
Settings in Customizing ......................................................................................................................................8-15
Condition Technique in Batch Determination.....................................................................................................8-16
Batch Determination: Unit Summary..................................................................................................................8-17
Batch Determination Exercises ...........................................................................................................................8-18
Batch Determination Solutions ...........................................................................................................................8-31
Price Determination ..................................................................................................................................................9-1
Price Determination: Objectives ...........................................................................................................................9-2
Price Determination: Course Overview Diagram..................................................................................................9-3
Price Determination: Business Scenario ...............................................................................................................9-4
Functionality .........................................................................................................................................................9-5
Condition Technique in Pricing for Batches .........................................................................................................9-6
Display in Billing Document ................................................................................................................................9-7
Partial Stocks and Their Combinations .................................................................................................................9-8
Structure of Valuation for a Single Batch .............................................................................................................9-9
Price Determination: Summary...........................................................................................................................9-10
Shelf Life Expiration Date ......................................................................................................................................10-1
Shelf Life Expiration Date: Unit Objectives .......................................................................................................10-2
Shelf Life Expiration Date: Overview Diagram..................................................................................................10-3
Shelf Life Expiration Date: Business Scenario ...................................................................................................10-4
Business Background ..........................................................................................................................................10-5
Integration ...........................................................................................................................................................10-6
Shelf Life Expiration Date Check in Goods Receipt...........................................................................................10-7
Central Fields in the Purchase Order...................................................................................................................10-8
Calculation of the Shelf Life Expiration Date.....................................................................................................10-9
SLED Check in Batch Determination ...............................................................................................................10-10
Shelf Life Expiration Date: Summary...............................................................................................................10-11
Shelf Life Expiration Date Exercises ................................................................................................................10-12
Shelf Life Expiration Date Solutions ...............................................................................................................10-15
Batch Where-used List............................................................................................................................................11-1
Batch Where-used List: Objectives.....................................................................................................................11-2
Batch Where-used List: Overview Diagram ......................................................................................................11-3
Business Scenario ...............................................................................................................................................11-4
Business Background ..........................................................................................................................................11-5
Batch Tracking over Several Manufacturing Levels...........................................................................................11-6
Batch Where-used List for Trading Goods .........................................................................................................11-7
Batch Where-used List: Summary ......................................................................................................................11-8
Batch Specification and Quality Management........................................................................................................12-1
Batch Specification: Unit Objectives .................................................................................................................12-2
Batch Specification: Overview Diagram............................................................................................................12-3
Batch Specification: Business Scenario .............................................................................................................12-4
Quality Management (QM) Inspections in Logistics ..........................................................................................12-5
Simplified Batch Maintenance with QM.............................................................................................................12-6
Creating a Material Specification........................................................................................................................12-7
Setting up QM Insp. Data in the Mat. Master Record.........................................................................................12-8
Transfer of Inspection Results.............................................................................................................................12-9
Example: Quality Inspection upon GR from Production ..................................................................................12-10
Batch Specification: Summary.........................................................................................................................12-11
Batch Specification and Quality Management Exercises..................................................................................12-12
Batch Specification and Quality Management Solutions ..................................................................................12-16
Appendix: Batch Creation in Process Manufacturing .............................................................................................13-1
Appendix: Batch Creation: Unit Objectives........................................................................................................13-2
Appendix: Batch Creation Overview Diagram ...................................................................................................13-3
Appendix: Batch Creation Business Scenario.....................................................................................................13-4
Process Flow .......................................................................................................................................................13-5
Inspection During Production: Master Data........................................................................................................13-6
Inspection During Production: Master Recipe ....................................................................................................13-7
Inspection During Production: Material Master..................................................................................................13-8
Inspection During Production: Mat. Specification..............................................................................................13-9
Master Recipe and Material Specification ........................................................................................................13-10
Master Recipe and Material Specification ........................................................................................................13-11
Checks in the Production Process .....................................................................................................................13-12
Creation of Partial Lots .....................................................................................................................................13-13
Relationship Between Partial Lots and Batches................................................................................................13-14
Batch Number Assignment ...............................................................................................................................13-15
Appendix: Batch Creation: Summary ...............................................................................................................13-16
Optimized Batch Processing ...................................................................................................................................14-1
Optimized Batch Processing: Unit Objectives ....................................................................................................14-2
Optimized Batch Processing: Overview Diagram...............................................................................................14-3
Optimized Batch Processing: Business Scenario ................................................................................................14-4
Mass-Processing of Batches................................................................................................................................14-5
Batch Information Cockpit: Introduction ............................................................................................................14-6
Batch Information Cockpit: Screen Layout.........................................................................................................14-7
Batch Information Cockpit: Navigation Area .....................................................................................................14-8
Batch Information Cockpit: Selection Area ........................................................................................................14-9
User Settings .....................................................................................................................................................14-10
Optimized Batch Processing: Summary............................................................................................................14-11
Optimized Batch Processing: Exercises ............................................................................................................14-12
Optimized Batch Processing: Solutions ............................................................................................................14-14
Introduction to Batch-specific Units of Measure ....................................................................................................15-1
Batch-Specific Units of Measure: Objectives .....................................................................................................15-2
Batch-specific Material UoMs: Overview Diagram............................................................................................15-3
Batch-specific Material UoMs: Business Scenario .............................................................................................15-4
Batch-Specific Units of Measure: Differences....................................................................................................15-5
Use of Active Ingredients....................................................................................................................................15-6
Physical Quantity and Active Ingredient Quantity..............................................................................................15-7
Calculating the Quantity .....................................................................................................................................15-8
Prices for Active Ingredients...............................................................................................................................15-9
Planned and Actual Active Ingredient Proportions ...........................................................................................15-10
Use of Product Units .........................................................................................................................................15-11
Batch-Specific Calculation of the Product Quantity .........................................................................................15-12
Batch-Specific Units of Measure: Summary.....................................................................................................15-13
Integration of Batch-specific Units of Measure ......................................................................................................16-1
Integration: Unit Objectives................................................................................................................................16-2
Integration: Overview Diagram ..........................................................................................................................16-3
Integration: Business Scenario ............................................................................................................................16-4
Batch Management Requirement as Prerequisite................................................................................................16-5
Batch-specific UoMs as an Attribute of a Batch .................................................................................................16-6
Integration of Batch-specific Units of Measure ..................................................................................................16-7
Batch-specific Units of Measure in Logistics .....................................................................................................16-8
Integration: Summary..........................................................................................................................................16-9
Data Concept in Active Ingredient Management ....................................................................................................17-1
Data Concept: Unit Objectives............................................................................................................................17-2
Data Concept: Overview Diagram ......................................................................................................................17-3
Data Concept: Business Scenario........................................................................................................................17-4
The Central Unit of Measure for Active Ingredients...........................................................................................17-5
Relationship Between Units of Measure .............................................................................................................17-6
Maint. of Units of Measurement in Customizing................................................................................................17-7
Percentage and User-defined Calculation ...........................................................................................................17-8
Linking of Master Data I.....................................................................................................................................17-9
Linking of Master Data II .................................................................................................................................17-10
Active Ingredient Content in the Specification .................................................................................................17-11
Active Ingredient Characteristic: Special Features ...........................................................................................17-12
Classification Maintenance in the Material Master...........................................................................................17-13
Maintaining Units of Measurement in Mat. Master ..........................................................................................17-14
Activating Active Ingredient Mgmt in Customizing.........................................................................................17-15
Data Concept: Summary ...................................................................................................................................17-16
Data Concept in Active Ingredient Management-1 Exercises...........................................................................17-17
Data Concept in Active Ingredient Management-1 Solutions...........................................................................17-23
Active Ingredient Prices..........................................................................................................................................18-1
Active Ingredient Prices: Unit Objectives...........................................................................................................18-2
Active Ingredient Prices: Overview Diagram .....................................................................................................18-3
Active Ingredient Prices: Business Scenario.......................................................................................................18-4
Standard Price per Active Ingredient ..................................................................................................................18-5
Valuation of Single Batches Based on Act. Ingredients......................................................................................18-6
Valuation Based on Several Active Ingredients..................................................................................................18-7
Sales Price Based on Active Ingredients.............................................................................................................18-8
Active Ingredient Prices: Unit Summary ............................................................................................................18-9
Active Ingredient Prices Exercises....................................................................................................................18-10
Active Ingredient Prices Solutions....................................................................................................................18-13
Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions ........................................................................................................19-1
Actual and Planned Values: Unit Objectives ......................................................................................................19-2
Actual and Planned Values: Overview Diagram.................................................................................................19-3
Actual and Planned Values: Business Scenario ..................................................................................................19-4
From Planned Value to Actual Value .................................................................................................................19-5
Planned and Actual Values in the Master Data ...................................................................................................19-6
Inventory Correction Factor................................................................................................................................19-7
Actual and Planned Values: Summary................................................................................................................19-8
Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions-1 Exercises.................................................................................19-9
Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions-2 Exercises...............................................................................19-12
Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions-3 Exercises...............................................................................19-14
Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions-1 Solutions ...............................................................................19-16
Data Concept in Product Quantity Management.....................................................................................................20-1
Product Quantity Management: Unit Objectives ................................................................................................20-2
Product Quantity Management: Overview Diagram...........................................................................................20-3
Product Quantity Management: Business Scenario ............................................................................................20-4
The Central Unit of Measure for Product Quantities ..........................................................................................20-5
Relationship Between Units of Measure .............................................................................................................20-6
Maint. of Units of Measurement in Customizing................................................................................................20-7
User-defined Calculation ....................................................................................................................................20-8
Linking of Master Data .......................................................................................................................................20-9
Material Master Maintenance............................................................................................................................20-10
The Product Quantity in the Specification ........................................................................................................20-11
Classification Maintenance in the Material Master...........................................................................................20-12
Maintaining Units of Measurement in Mat. Master ..........................................................................................20-13
Activating Product Quantity Management........................................................................................................20-14
Product Quantity Management: Summary ........................................................................................................20-15
Data Concept in Product Quantity Management Exercises...............................................................................20-16
Data Concept in Product Quantity Management Solutions...............................................................................20-19
Product Units - Stock Transfer................................................................................................................................21-1
Product Units of Measure: Unit Objectives ........................................................................................................21-2
Product Units of Measure: Overview Diagram...................................................................................................21-3
Product Units of Measure: Business Scenario ....................................................................................................21-4
Quantity Conversion with Product Unit..............................................................................................................21-5
Quantity Conversion in Inventory Management .................................................................................................21-6
Stock Transfer – Cases........................................................................................................................................21-7
Stock Transfer with Product Unit........................................................................................................................21-8
Summary .............................................................................................................................................................21-9
Summary (1) ...........................................................................................................................................................22-1
Summary (2) .......................................................................................................................................................22-2
Recommended Follow-up Activities...................................................................................................................22-3
Appendix.................................................................................................................................................................23-1
Frequently-used Menu Paths...............................................................................................................................23-2
LO955 Batch Management
LO955
Batch Management
© SAP AG 1999
© SAP AG
R/3 System
Release 4.6C
September 2000
50040836
Copyright
Copyright 2001 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

Neither this training manual nor any part thereof may
be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means,
or translated into another language, without the prior
consent of SAP AG. The information contained in this
document is subject to change and supplement without prior
notice.
All rights reserved.
© SAP AG 1999
Trademarks:
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components of other software vendors.
Microsoft®, WINDOWS®, NT®, EXCEL®, Word® and SQL Server® are registered trademarks of
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companies.
Design: SAP Communications Media
Materials Management
Level 2 Level 3
LO510 3 days
Inventory Management
LO515 3 days
LO550 5 days
Invoice Verification
Cross-Functional
LO520 3 days Customizing in MM
Purchasing Details and LO521 2 days
Optimization Pricing in Purchasing
LO020 5 days
LO525 2 days
Processes in Consumption-Based
Procurement Planning and
LO955 3 days
Forecasting
Batch Management
LO540 2 days
Procurement of
External Services
LO925 2 days
Cross-Application
Business Processes in
SD and MM
LO640 3 days
Foreign Trade LO235 2 days
KANBAN
LO715 2 days
QM in Procurement
© SAP AG 1999
Prerequisites
Six months' experience in one of the R/3 Logistics

applications - MM, SD, PP, or PP-PI.
Basic knowledge of the classification system.
© SAP AG 1999
Target Group
Audience:
Members of the project team
Project team
Administrators
Members of user departments that are involved in Batch
Management
Duration:3 days
© SAP AG 1999
Notes to the user

The training materials are not teach-yourself programs. They complement the course instructor's
explanations. On the sheets, there is space for you to write down additional information.
Course Overview
Contents:
Course Goals
Course Objectives
Course Content
Course Overview Diagram
Main Business Scenario
© SAP AG 1999
Course Goals
This course will prepare you to:

Use the Batch Management functionality
Make the necessary Customizing settings for
Batch Management in the applications MM, SD,
PP, or PP-PI
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 1-2

Course Objectives
At the conclusion of this course, you will understand

the following subjects of Batch Management:
Master Data
Customizing
The following are dealt with in detail:

Batch Determination, Batch Status Management, and
the Batch Where-used List
Basic data and the uses of Active Ingredient and
Product Quantity Management
© SAP AG 1999

Course Content (1)
Preface
Unit 1 Course Overview Unit 8 Batch Determination

Unit 2 Introduction Unit 9 Price Determination
Unit 3 Master Data Unit 10 Shelf Life Expiration Date
Unit 4 Batch Levels Unit 11 Batch Where-used List
Unit 5 Batch Specification Unit 12 Batch Specification and
Quality Management
Unit 6 Batch Status
Management
Unit 7 Availability Check for
Batches
© SAP AG 1999

Course Content (2)
Unit 13 Appendix: Batch Creation in Unit 18 Active Ingredient Prices

Process Manufacturing
Unit 19 Actual and Planned Values
Unit 14 Optimized Batch of AI Proportions
Processing
Unit 20 Data Concept in Product
Unit 15 Batch-specific Units of Quantity Management
Measure
Unit 21 Product Quantity
Unit 16 Integration of Batch-specific Units - Stock Transfers
Units of Measure
Unit 22 Summary
Unit 17 Data Concept in Active
Ingredient Management
Appendix
© SAP AG 1999

Course Overview: Diagram (1)
Availability Check
Introduction for Batches ? Batch
Master Data Batch Determination Batch
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch
Price Determination = ZZZZ
Batch Specification Shelf Life Expiration Date 29

Batch
Batch Status Mgmt Batch Where-used List

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Course Overview: Overview Diagram (2)
Batch Specification and Active Ingredient Prices

Quality Management Batch
Appendix: Batch Creation in Act. and Planned Values

Process Manufacturing Batch of AI Proportions
Optimized Batch Prod. Quantity - Design

Processing Batch and Data Concept
Batch-specific Product Units of Measure -

Units of Measure Stock Transfers
Integration of Batch-
Summary
specific Units of Measure
Active Ingred. Management -

Design and Data Concept
© SAP AG 1999

Main Business Scenario
Your company is implementing SAP and Batch

Management.
You are a member of the project team who has
expertise in sales, purchasing, production, or IT
and are assigned to configure Batch Management
in SAP.
© SAP AG 1999

Introduction
Contents:
Business background
Integration of Batch Management within the R/3 System
Batch Management in Logistics
© SAP AG 1999
Introduction: Unit Objectives
At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:
Provide a short overview about the relation of

Batch Management to its application in different
branches of industry
Give information about general integration of this
functionality in the R/3 System
© SAP AG 1999

Introduction: Course Overview Diagram (1)
Availability Check for

Introduction Batches ? Batch
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Introduction: Overview Diagram (2)




Summary

© SAP AG 1999

Business Background
Batch Management can be used in ALL industries
It is mainly used in the following:

Chemicals
Pharmaceuticals
Cosmetics
Health and hygiene
Foodstuffs
Retail
© SAP AG 1999

Integration of Batch Management
R/3 integration model
SD FI
MM CO
PP AM
LO
QM
R/3 PS
PM WF
HR IS
© SAP AG 1999
Batch management is a new module in the R/3 System in Release 3.0 and is a cross-application
development in Logistics. It is linked to Logistics applications, where it can be used irrespective of the
industry sector or branch of industry.
In the R/3 System, it is therefore structured under the identification code "LO", standing for "Logistics
General".
Its use does not restrict existing functionality in any way.

Batch Management in Logistics
Batch
management
Classification
Procurement Production SD
Warehouse management Warehouse management
A A A
A A
B B
W/house Process/ W/house

Purchase Sales order
production
order order
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Management incorporates the entire logistics process, from procurement to sales.
The new functionality works with all existing batch records.
It is closely linked with classification, but can also be used without classification.
You can only search for batches via the batch determination function if the batches are classified.

Introduction: Unit Summary
You are now able to:
Provide a short overview about the relation of

Batch Management to its application in different
branches of industry
Give information about general integration of this
functionality in the R/3 System
© SAP AG 1999

Master Data
Contents:
Batch Definition in the R/3 System
The Term “Batch” in the SAP R/3 System
Master Data Structure
Material Master Record and Batch Master Record
Assignment of Batch Number
Batch Creation
© SAP AG 1999
Master Data: Unit Objectives
Define the term “batch”

Understand the requirements of Batch
Management for master data
© SAP AG 1999

Master Data: Course Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Master Data: Business Scenario
Your company has be able to differentiate between

certain material stocks for one or more of the
following reasons:
Traceability in the case of complaints/recall
situation
Search via expiration date
ISO certification
© SAP AG 1999

Business Definition of "Batch"
"A batch is a quantity of any drug produced

during a given cycle of manufacture.
The essence of a manufacturing batch is
therefore its homogeneity."
Food and Drug Administration

in 'Good Manufacturing Practice' (GMP)
© SAP AG 1999

The Term “Batch” in the SAP System
Production lot Process order/

production order
Charges
Batches
© SAP AG 1999
A production lot can be manufactured in several production runs.

The same technical requirements apply to the entire production lot.
The result of each production run is a batch.
Example:
In the chemical industry, you would use the term “production lot” if a material is manufactured in
several charges in a reactor according to the same process order. The result of each charge is a batch.

Materials planning
Product: epoxy resin
Mat-no. Mat-no.
308-188 307-160
Quality: 1 / 50 l bar Quality: 2 / 50 l bar
Batch A1 Batch A1
Mat-no. Mat-no.
308-188 307-160
Mat-no. Batch A2 Quality: Batch A2 Mat-no.

308-188 1 / 10 l 307-160
can
Batch A3 Batch A3
Mat. no.
309-140 Mat. no.
Batch Mat.
1 no. 309-140
309-140 Batch 3
Batch 2
© SAP AG 1999
The definition of the term batch also influences the definition of the term material.
The following structure is recommended:
All criteria making a batch reproducible are criteria of the batch material, and not of the batch itself.
The batch record should contain only data that is unique to precisely this batch.
This specification identifies the batch as a non-reproducible unit.
The advantage of organizing master data in this way is that it enables you to plan the different models of
a product individually. In the SAP R/3 System, materials are planned at material level and not at batch
level.

Product: epoxy resin
Material 308-188 Material 309-140 Material 307-160
Batch 1 Batch 2 Batch 3
Production date: Production date: Production date:

11.08.99 11.01.99 11.11.99
© SAP AG 1999
The master data hierarchy shows...

...the product
A generic term that does not exist as a master record in the SAP R/3 System. It is included in the slide
for illustrative purposes only.
...the materials
The product, which remains the same, is packed in different containers, has different quality classes, or
similar. It is distinguished by means of material numbers.
...the batch
Organizationally, the batches and their specification data are located below the material number.

Material Master Record and Batch Master Record
Set the batch management

Batch mgmt reqmt requirement indicator in the
material master record.
Material
308-188
Create the batch master

AXZ
record manually or when
4362-89 posting a goods movement.
The batch can have any
C1 alphanumeric number.
55/3b This number can be
assigned either externally
or internally.
© SAP AG 1999
In the SAP R/3 System, batch master records always depend on material master records. We post
batches FOR a material.
You must first create a material master record, stipulating in it that the material is to be handled in
batches. This means that you have to enter a batch number every time there is a goods movement.
The indicator for batch requirement is contained in the following views of the material master record:
Sales and distribution, General plant data, Purchasing, Work scheduling, Storage 1, and Warehouse
management. Even if the indicator appears in several views, it is the same indicator. If it is set in one of
the views, it is displayed as being set in all the other views.
If a material changes from a material that is not subject to batch requirement to one that is subject to
batch requirement, you have to post out all the stocks from the previous fiscal year, the current period,
and the previous period. You can then set the indicator for batch requirement and post the stock back
into the system in batches.
The same applies when you cancel the batch requirement. In this case you also have to reorganize the
batch master records. You can then reset the indicator for batch requirement to blank and post the stock
back into the system.
You can create a batch master record directly when maintaining master data. Alternatively, you can
specify the batch number upon the first goods movement for a batch. The system then creates the batch
master record in the background.
Batch numbers can be assigned internally or externally. You can define alternative number ranges.

Assignment of Batch Number
Internal
Standard: External
Customer Function Calls
11 Change the number 22 Edit the assigned batch

range. number using variables
and templates.
© SAP AG 1999
Customer function calls make it easier to customize the SAP R/3 System. This function module is
delivered empty and can be filled by customers with their own programs without having to modify the
source code. There are user exits for internal and external batch number assignment.
Once you have run the following function modules for batch number assignment, the system will assign
batch numbers automatically without any further action on your part.
EXIT_SAPLV01Z_001. You can use this exit to define your own number range object and/or interval.
You can create dependencies for particular variables (for example, for a plant or material). The batch
numbers can be numerical only.
EXIT_SAPLV01Z_002. You can use this exit to change the number the system determines, or you
can use it to determine a number of your own, containing variables or templates. These numbers can
be alphanumeric.
You can use the following function modules to control the manual entry of batch numbers:
EXIT_SAPLV01Z_003. You can use this exit to replace the proposed number range object
BATCH_CLT and/or external interval 02 with a number range object and/or external interval of your
own.You can create dependencies for particular variables (for example, for a plant or material).
EXIT_SAPLV01Z_004. You can use this exit to define your own checking rules without being
restricted to a number range. If , for example, users assign batch numbers according to a particular
template, this exit ensures that the structure for batch number assignment is maintained.
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-10

Batch Creation
Goods movement Create batch master manually
101 521 Raw matls Finished products
Automatic/ Automatic or
No manual with Manual without No new
manual check against check creation
creation external
number range
Production or process order
New order
Automatic
batch numbers?
Release order
© SAP AG 1999
Define creation upon goods movements or in batch master

You can define for each movement type whether a new batch is created upon a goods receipt and how it
is created. The following variations are possible:
Automatic/manual without check (= delivery status as before)
Automatic/manual with check against external number range
Automatic/manual with check in customer exit
Automatic/no manual creation
Manual without check
Manual with check against external number range
Manual with check in customer exit
No new creation
Define creation for production/process order
You can make the following settings:
Automatic creation of batch upon order creation or release
Automatic classification upon batch creation
Valuation of free characteristics of a batch to be specified
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-11

Master Data: Unit Summary
Define the term “batch”

Understand the requirements of Batch
Management for master data
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-12

Exercise Data Sheet
Key to Icons in Exercises and Solutions
Exercises
Solutions
Objectives
Business Scenario
Tips & Tricks
Warning or Caution
Data Used in Exercises

Type of Data Data in Training System
Materials Y-500 // Blue paint
Y-500_##
T-HT2## Cetapharm-N (tablet)
T-HT1## Aspirin
AI-1201-0## Orange mixture type 334
AI-1202-0## Orange juice concentrate
AI-1200-0## Orange concentrate type 334
AI-1000-0## Fruit nectar 0.1 L
concentrate/liter
H2O Water
Class type 023 Batch
Classes 231 Batch class for paint
AICL00010## AI content %
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-13

AICL00010## Liter substance/ liter AI
Characteristics M001 Viscosity
M009 pH level
M010 Purity of color
M011 Covering
power
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-14

Type of Data Data in Training System
Characteristics M012 Label
M013 Available for:
AIC010## Active ingredient
AIC020## Active ingredient
Proportion unit KW1 KG active ingredient 1
KW2 KG active ingredient 2
LW1 Liter active ingredient 1
Ratios LSL Liter of active ingredient 1
%
Strategy type ZMM1 Batch determination in
Inventory Management:
Mvt type/plant/mat.
ZSD1 Batch determination in Sales
and Distribution:
Customer/material
ZPI1 Batch determination for
production orders
Order type/plant/component
Order type PI01 Process order,
internal number assignment
Recipe group for matl T-HT2## T-TAB## Cetapharm-N (tablet)
Plant 1100 Berlin
Storage location 0001 Delivering warehouse
Vendor 1000 C.E.B Berlin
100 Wald & Maier
Purchasing group 007 Lux, L.
Purchasing org. 1000 IDES Germany
Sales org. 1020 Berlin, Germany
Distribution channel 22 Industrial buyer
Customer 7777 Flatter & Asche AG

Düsseldorf
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-15

(C) SAP AG LO955 3-16
Master Data Exercises
Unit: Master Data

Topic: Creating a Batch-Managed Material
At the conclusion of this exercise, you will be able to:

• Create a batch-managed material
Some materials in your company are handled in batches. When

the R/3 System is being implemented, you create these materials
in the system, using similar batch-managed materials as a
template.
There is a template for all the master data you create in the
exercises below. You can copy it if you wish. You can use
this, but put your own group number at the end of each
master record you create, and use your own data.
1-1 Create a new material master record
Create a new material master record. Copy all of material master record Y-500.
Use the following values:
Material: Y-500-##
Replace ## with your group number, for example 01.
Industry: Pharmaceuticals
Material type: Semi-finished product
Org. Levels Copy From:
Plant 1100 1100

Storage location 0001 0001
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-17

Sales organization 1020 1020
Distribution channel 22 22
Edit all views!
Save your material.
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-18

Master Data Solutions
Unit: Master Data

Topic: Creating a Batch-Managed Material
1-1 Create a new material master record

Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Environment → Material
Master → Material → Create – General → Immediately
or
Logistics → Materials Management →
Material Master → Material → Create - General → Immediately
Field name or data type Values

Material Y-500-##
Industry sector Pharmaceuticals
Material type Semi-finished product
Template Y-500
Views Values
Views All
Organizational levels Values (new material and

template)
Plant 1100
Storage location 0001
Sales organization 1020
Distribution channel 22
Edit all views before you save!

Save your material.
(C) SAP AG LO955 3-19

Batch Levels
Contents:
Batch Unique per Material Number and Plant
Batch Unique per Material Number
Batch Unique per Client and Material Number
Customizing
Procedure Following a Change in the Batch Level
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Levels: Unit Objectives
List the levels at which batch numbers can be

valid.
Explain the implications of setting the area of
validity of batches at each of the three levels
Describe the requirements that must be satisfied
in the event of a change in the batch level
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Levels: Course Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Levels: Business Scenario
Your company has to decide which batch level best

suits its requirements considering the following
aspects:
Is the same material to be subject to a batch-

management requirement in one plant but not in
another?
How are batch numbers currently structured?
Is the SAP project international, so that it is essential
to be able to trace batch numbers exactly?
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Unique per Material Number and Plant
Material no. 308-

308-188 Material no. 309-
309-140
Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 1 Plant 2
Batch A1 Batch A1 Batch A1 Batch A1
EXP.: 11.01.2000 EXP.: 19.01.2000 EXP.: 17.01.2000 EXP.: 18.01.2001

VISCOSITY: 7 VISCOSITY: 8 VISCOSITY: 5 VISCOSITY: 6
© SAP AG 1999
If the batch level is set to Plant/Material in your system, the following applies:
The batch number can be reassigned for a material with a different specification in each plant.
However, you can transfer a stock from one plant to another between batches with the same number,
even though the batches do not necessarily have the same specification. In such cases, the batch quantity
transferred assumes the specification of the destination batch.
If you want the batch specification to be unique across all plants, you can only achieve this through
organizational measures. The system does not support this. In this case, you are recommended to switch
to a higher batch level.

Batch Unique per Material Number
Material no. 308-

309-140
Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 1 Plant 2
Batch A1 Batch A1
EXP.: 11.01.2000 EXP.: 17.01.2000

VISCOSITY: 7 VISCOSITY: 5
© SAP AG 1999
If the batch level is set to Material in your system, the following applies:
A batch has the same specification for all plants at which a material is stored.
The same batch number can be reassigned with a different specification for each material.

Batch Unique per Client and Material Number
Material no. 308-

309-140
Batch A1
A1 Batch A2
EXP.: 11.05.2003 EXP.: 17.01.2002

VISCOSITY: 7 VISCOSITY: 5
© SAP AG 1999
If the batch level is set to Client in the system:

The same batch number can only be assigned once within the entire client.
It is uniquely assigned to one material number.

Customizing
S T AR T
Batch level
Batch unique at
ONE-WAY plant level
Batch level
Batch unique
at material level
Batch level
Batch unique at
client level
© SAP AG 1999
You can select the area of validity of batches in Customizing. You have three batch levels to choose
from. In the standard SAP R/3 System, the default setting is the plant level.
You can switch to a higher level at any time. Switching back to a lower (more specific) level is so far
allowed only from client level to material level. You cannot go back to material/plant level. This is due
to the organization of the batch data which has to be converted whenever you switch batch level. Batch
status management is also affected by this change and has to be subsequently maintained.

Procedure Following a Change in the Batch Level
Batch Plant 01 Batch Plant 02

C3
A1 A1 C4 B1
B2 B3 B1 B2
B2
Material Material
B3 C4
308-188 308-188
C4 C3
Plant level Plant level

Reorganization
program
Batch A1 B1 B2 B3 C3 C4
Material level Material Material level

308-188
© SAP AG 1999
If a batch number has hitherto been unique in a plant but is now only to be unique for a material, this
change will have to be accompanied by a change in the batch numbers.
Hitherto, the same batch number could be assigned for a material number in each plant. The batches did
not have to be identical since they were entirely independent of each other.
In the example, we assume that they have completely different specifications.
Now you have to check whether identical batch numbers exist for the material in both plants. If this is
the case, you will have to prepare a reorganization.
An auxiliary program is automatically offered in Customizing as soon as a change in the batch level has
taken place. It determines all batches that occur in several plants.
It also allows you to carry out a test run and provides you with a log. This analysis must precede actual
batch reorganization. Only after a successful data update can batch management be used at the new
level.
The batch number is unique for each material at the new batch level. A further distinction according to
plant is no longer made.

Batch Levels: Summary

List the levels at which batch numbers can be
valid.
Explain the implications of setting the area of
validity of batches at each of the three levels
Describe the requirements that must be satisfied
in the event of a change in the batch level
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 4-10

Batch Specification
Contents:
Integration
Batch Classification
Characteristic Inheritance
Batch Classification and Characteristic Inheritance
Maintenance of Master Data
Customizing: Tips and Tricks
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Specification: Unit Objectives
Prepare classification data so that Batch

Management can function properly
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Specification: Course Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Specification: Business Scenario
Your company chooses to classify its batches for

the following reasons:
Batch determination
Certificates of analysis
Reporting
Each of the reasons mentioned requires classified

batches.
© SAP AG 1999

Integration
Batch management
Batch Class
Specification Characteristics
Classification system
© SAP AG 1999
You can use the classification system in conjunction with batch management.
The classification system and batch management are closely linked.
The specification for a batch master record is based on a batch's classification.
The attributes (that is, the specifications) are stored as characteristic values.
For batch management to function correctly, you must prepare the classification data to include the
corresponding batch specifications.
You have to classify batches in order to use the batch determination function.
The characteristics for materials managed in batches provide information for any kind of evaluations on
particular attributes of batches, whether in connection with quality issues, production issues, or
complaints.

Batch Classification
Class type
"batches”
Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Material
Batch
Characteristics:
A, B, C
© SAP AG 1999
All classes used for batch classification are assigned to class type 022/023.
They are required for batch determination.
The material and its batches must be classified via the same class. This ensures that the same
characteristics are used for the material and the batch. Characteristics can pass on their values by
inheritance.

Characteristic Inheritance
Material
Epoxy resin X Batch
Epoxy resin X1
12000
11000
10000 10000
9000 9000
8000 8000
7000 7000
CHARACTERISTIC 6000
5000
Viscosity
© SAP AG 1999
If a batch inherits characteristics, the characteristic value of the batch can be no higher than the inherited
value range.
In the example shown, batch X1 inherits the requirements for its characteristic value from material X.
The characteristic value of batch X1 cannot have a value interval greater than that of material X.
A more limited interval will also be accepted if it is a partial quantity of the interval of
material X.
A discreet value must be within the predefined interval.
Classification allows lists of numerical or alphanumerical values, not just numeric value intervals.

Batch Classification and Characteristic Inheritance
Class type “batches”
Class 3
Epoxy resin
Characteristics
Viscosity at 25°
Color
Epoxy resin
Volatile fraction
Material
Epoxy resin X Batch
Epoxy resin X1
Viscosity 5000-12000 Viscosity 7250

Color 0-5 Color 1-3
Epoxy resin 23-25 Epoxy resin 23-25
Volatile proportions 0.00-0.50 Volatile fraction 0.30
© SAP AG 1999
Since the characteristics are the same for the material and its batches, the characteristic values can be
passed on from the material to its batches by inheritance.
Characteristic inheritance acts like a check mechanism. If ranges of values or fixed values are defined
for a characteristic of a class, they can be regarded as the sole values allowed for all objects assigned to
this class. This requires an indicator to be either set or not set in the characteristic master record. It
allows or disallows “additional values” that are not within the limits of the sets of values.

Maintaining Master Data I
Classification system
Viscosity 5000-12000
Color 0-5
Epoxy resin 23-25
Volatile proportions 0.00-0.50
Create the characteristics.
Class X
Create the class.
Class type “batch” Choose the class type
for batches.
Characteristics
Viscosity at 25°
Class X Color Assign the characteristics
Epoxy resin to the class.
Volatile fraction
© SAP AG 1999
Since the specifications of a material and its batches are stored as classification data, you must prepare
the classification system accordingly.
First, you define the attributes that the material and its batches are to have.
You create them in the classification system as characteristics.
Now, you create the classes that you want to use for the material and its batches. You can create a
selection of different classes for this purpose. You can subsequently assign only one class to the material
and to the batch. You are not therefore preparing multiple classification.
The assignment you make must be to class type 022 or 023 since they have been provided in the
standard SAP R/3 System specially for batches. The class type applicable depends on the batch level
chosen.
If you have specified plant level as the area of validity in Customizing, class type 022 is defined in the
standard SAP R/3 System. The class type is otherwise 023. The system specifies the correct class type
automatically.
In the final step, the characteristics are assigned to batches. The value intervals can be further restricted
in the process.

Maintaining Master Data II
Materials Management
Class type 'batch'
Class X
Classify your material using
Material the batch class.
Epoxy resin Y
Viscosity 5000-8000
Color 0-5
Epoxy resin 23-25
Volatile proportions 0.00-0.50
Post a batch for this material.
Batch
Epoxy resin Y1
Viscosity 7250 Choose allowed characteristic
Color 1-3 values for your batch.
Epoxy resin 23-25
Volatile fraction 0.30
© SAP AG 1999
You create both the material master record and the batch master record in Materials Management. To
use the entire functionality offered by batch management, you must first classify the material.
You assign the batch class in the “Classification” view of the material master record.
You can restrict all sets of values specified for batch characteristics.
If you create a batch for the material, the material's classification data is copied automatically. The sets
of values specified for the characteristics are proposed as default values.
The system checks whether the characteristic values entered are within the limits allowed if the
characteristics have been defined accordingly. The “Additional values allowed” indicator must not be set
in this case.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-10

Customizing: Tips and Tricks
Standard characteristics
LOBM_LVORM Deletion flag

LOBM_ZUSTD Status
LOBM_VFDAT Expiration date
LOBM_VERAB Availability date
MCHA
Reference
Data field characteristic
© SAP AG 1999
The standard R/3 System already contains certain characteristics. They are shown here as “standard
characteristics”. They are characteristics that have a key position for batch selection. You should
therefore include them both in the respective batch classes and in the selection classes in batch
determination if the respective business application is used. This improves selection run performance.
You should always use the characteristic 'deletion flag'.
The standard characteristics listed are reference characteristics.
A reference characteristic is linked to a data field via table MCHA/MCH1. The content of this data field
is stored directly in the classification system as a characteristic value. The information is updated
redundantly; that is, it is not only referenced.
If the content of the data field changes, the change is also made in the characteristic value.
In addition, 'free' standard characteristics are offered in the system.
Though a 'free characteristic' is defined independently of existing data fields, it is also supplied with the
standard R/3 System. One example is the characteristic 'remaining shelf life'.
As of 4.0, you can use Customer Function Calls to automatically adopt the master data from a source
batch when you create a batch. You can also copy and change the characteristic valuations of free
characteristics in this way.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-11

Batch Specification: Unit Summary

Prepare classification data so that Batch
Management can function properly
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-12

Batch Specification Exercises
Unit: Batch Specification

Topic: Specifying Batches

• Create characteristics and a class for a material that is handled
in batches
• Classify material
• Post a goods receipt for a material that is handled in batches
and simultaneously valuate the batch characteristics
For materials handled in batches, you want to store classes in

which the typical characteristics are defined. To do this, you have
to define and assign classes and characteristics in the
classification system. You also want to assign characteristic
values at goods receipt.
There is a template for all the master data that you will create
in the exercises below. You can copy it if you wish.
However, you must put your own group number at the end of
each master record you create, and use your own data only.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-13

1-1 Create characteristics and a class for a material that is handled in batches
1-1-1 Create characteristics
Create the following characteristics for your material in the classification
system. The key for the relevant template in the system is listed on the right.
M1-## Viscosity Template: M001
M2-## pH level Template: M009
M3-## Purity of color Template: M010
M4-## Covering power Template: M011
M5-## Label Template: M012
M6-## Available for Template: M013
Replace ## with your group number, for example, 01.
• Assign any value interval to the characteristic M1-## (viscosity).
• Do not allow any interval values for the characteristic M2-## (pH level). Which indicator
controls this?
• For the characteristic M3-## (purity of color), allow values that are not included in its list of
values; that is, values that you have not explicitly allowed. Where can you set this in the
characteristic?
• Assign the value interval of your choice to the characteristic M4-### (covering power)
• Define M5-## (label) as a required entry. Enter the values yes and no as possible characteristic
values for M5-## and select yes as a default value. Where do you set the default value?
• Specify for the characteristic M6-## (available for) that your batch is available in Europe,
Asia, Australia, and North America. You should be able to choose two or more values at the
same time. Which indicator must be set to do this?
1-1-2 Create a class and assign characteristics
Create a class C##, in which you use your own characteristics.
Replace ## with your group number (for example, 01).
Ensure that you have used the class type that is allowed for batches.
Save the class.
You can use class 231 as a template. Note that the characteristics of the class
are also copied. You have to change them afterwards.
1-2 Classify a batch managed material and store a sales price

1-2-1 Change the material you created Y-500-##.
Copy this transaction (Change material) to your favorites.
Choose both the Classification view and the Sales and Distribution view:
SalesOrgData 1
Organizational levels:
Plant 1100
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-14

If necessary, choose Extras → Change class type to do this.
Delete the assignment of the batch class you copied before.
Now enter batch class C##.
Call up valuation for the characteristics.
Specify the target values as follows:
• For the characteristic M1-## (viscosity), limit the interval.
• For the characteristic M2-## (pH level), enter a discrete value from the interval.
• For the characteristic M3-## (purity of color), extend a value that is not listed as a possible
entry.
• For the characteristic M4-## (covering power), you want to have the complete value interval
available later in the batch classification.
• For the characteristic M5-## (label), allow both possible answers.
• For the characteristic M6-## (available for), choose at least two values.
1-2-2 Maintain the sales price. Go to the SD: Sales Org. Data 1 view. In this view,
choose the Conditions pushbutton. Enter a price of $3.50 per kilo. Go to the
Sales Org. Data 1 view. Use plant 1100 as the delivering plant.
Save your material.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-15

1-3 Classify batches – goods receipt
Valuate the batch characteristics during the goods receipt.

To do this, choose Logistics → Materials management → Inventory Management.
Now choose Goods movement → Goods receipt → Others.
Copy the transaction (‘other’ goods receipt) to your favorites.
Movement type: 501

Plant: 1100
Storage location: 0001
On the New items screen, enter material Y-500-## and the quantity you want to post to
stock.
• Enter the batch number of your choice.
• The way the system is currently configured, it displays the classification view when you
choose the Goods receipt without reference to purchase order function.
• Enter discrete values for the characteristics. Remember that you want to search in Batch
Determination after making this specification.
Note: To enter more goods receipt items, return to the entry screen via the icon with the green
arrow.
• Repeat this transaction for some batches.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-16

Batch Specification Solutions
Unit: Batch Specification

Topic: Specifying Batches
1-1 Create characteristics and a class for a material that is handled in batches
1-1-1 Create characteristics
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Environment →
Classification System → Master Data → Characteristics
or
Logistics → Central Functions →
Choose the icon for creating characteristics with a template or choose
Characteristic → Copy from…
Create new characteristics, using as a template the characteristics specified.
Special requirements:
• Do not allow any interval values for the characteristic M2-## (pH level).
• The Interval values allowed field is not set in the basic data for the characteristic.
Note: You can allow interval values only if the characteristic has several values; that is, if you
can specify several values in the batch’s characteristic value assignment.
• For the characteristic M3-## (purity of color), allow values that are not included in the list of
values for this characteristic.
• In the value range for the characteristic, select the Additional values field.
• Define M5-## (label) as a required entry. Enter the values yes and no as possible characteristic
values for M5-## and select yes as a default value.
• In the basic data for the characteristic, set the Entry required field.
• In the value range for the characteristic, choose Yes in the column for the proposed value.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-17

• Specify for the characteristic M6-## (available for) that your batch is available in Europe,
Asia, Australia, and North America. You should be able to choose two or more values at the
same time.
• In the basic data for the characteristic, define that the characteristic can have several values.
1-1-2 Create class and assign characteristics

Classification System → Master Data → Classes
or
Create a class C##, in which you set your own characteristics.

Class C##
Class type 023 (Batches)
Icon for Create with reference

Reference class 231
Note that the characteristics of the class are also copied. You have to change
them afterwards.
Save the class.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-18

1-2 Classify a batch managed material and store a sales price
Master → Material → Change → Immediately
or
Material Master → Material → Change → Immediately
Copy this transaction (Change material) to your favorites.
1-2-1 Change the classification view and the Sales and Distribution view in your
material master record Y-500-##.
Material Y-500-##
View • Classification view
• Sales and distribution:
SalesOrgData 1
Organizational levels
Plant 1100
Class type 023 (Batches)
If necessary, choose Extras → Change class type to do this.
Delete the assignment of the batch class you copied before.
Enter the class C## as the assignment.
Specify the target values as follows:
• For the characteristic M1-## (viscosity), limit the interval.
• For the characteristic M2-## (pH level), enter a discrete value from the interval.
• For the characteristic M3-## (purity of color), extend a value that is not listed as a possible
entry.
• For the characteristic M4-## (covering power), you want to have the complete value interval
available later in the batch classification.
• For the characteristic M5-## (label), allow both possible answers.
• For the characteristic M6-## (available for), choose at least two values.
1-2-2 Maintain the sales price and use the supplying plant 1100.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-19

View Sales and distribution:
SalesOrgData 1
[Conditions:]
Amount 3.50 UNI

SalesOrgData 1
Supplying plant 1100
Save your material.
1-3 Classify batches – goods receipt
Logistics → Materials management → Inventory management.

Choose Goods movement → Goods receipt → Others.
Valuate the batch characteristics during the goods receipt.
Initial screen
Field name Values
Movement type 501
Plant 1100
At item level:
Field name Values
Material Y-500-##
Quantity Any
Batch number Any, internal or external
Characteristic value assignment Any or within the allowed
values
Repeat this transaction for some batches: Enter other items for your material Y-500-##
in the document and assign more batch numbers and characteristic values before you
save the document.
(C) SAP AG LO955 5-20

(C) SAP AG LO955 5-21
Batch Status Management
Contents:
Business Background
Integration
Functionality
Example
Tips & Tricks
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Status Management: Objectives
Decide whether you want to monitor and control

batch statuses using Batch Status Management
Identify batch statuses
Change batch statuses
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Status Mgmt: Course Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Status Management: Business Scenario
Your company has specified the batch level as the

material or client level. The users want to make
transfer postings changing the status of batch
stocks in simple and straightforward manner.
In your enterprise, it is necessary that incoming
batch stocks are initially assigned the status
Restricted until such time as they are released from
quality inspection.
© SAP AG 1999

Business Background
Stores 1 Stores 2 Stores 3 Stores 4 Stores 5
Batch A1 Batch A1 Batch A1 Batch A1 Batch A1

100 kg 0 kg 2 kg 226 kg 54 kg
Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted Restricted
Material 308-
308-188
Batch A1
Status = Restricted
Batch status
management
© SAP AG 1999
The batch status is a central tool for identifying use of the batch as Restricted or Unrestricted. It is valid
at the batch level set in Customizing.
You change the batch status in the batch master record. This results in an automatic transfer posting with
regard to the individual stocks.

Integration
Goods movement
Returns GR blocked stock Reserved

Open PO qty Stock transfer (plant) Production order
Consignment, ordered Stock transfer (SLoc) Stock trans. order rel.
Blocked stock Independent of Quality inspection

batch status
Unrestricted-use Batch status “unrestricted”

stock
Change in
batch master record
Batch status “restricted” Restricted-
use stock
© SAP AG 1999
In Inventory Management, two stock types directly depend on the batch status:
A batch can only be included in 'unrestricted-use stock' if it has the status 'unrestricted'.
A batch can only be included in 'restricted-use stock' if it has the status 'restricted'.
You can make a direct transfer posting between stocks only by changing the indicator in the batch
master record.
All other stocks do not indicate the status of the batch. Postings are made irrespective of the status
indicator in the batch master record.
These stocks are changed when the usual goods movements are made in Inventory Management.

How Batch Status Management Works
Returns Reserved
Stock transfer (plant) GR blocked stock
Stock transfer (SLoc) Production order
t
On-order stock
en
Stock transp. order
G
oo
em
Consgt. ord.
ds
ov
m
m
ov
ds
Blocked Quality
em
oo
en
stock
G
inspection
t
Change in batch status in batch
master record
Unrestricted Internal transfer posting from Unrestricted

Restricted
stock to Restricted stock
Material document + change document
© SAP AG 1999
A batch stock cannot be transferred directly from unrestricted-use stock to restricted stock.
If you change the status indicator when maintaining a batch master record, the system makes an internal
transfer posting for the batch stock. A change document is created in respect of the master record change
and a material document is created for the transfer posting.
Direct transfers are possible between all other stocks. If a quantity of batch material is withdrawn from
them, it depends on the batch status whether it can be posted to unrestricted or restricted stock.

Example
Unrestricted-
Unrestricted-use Restricted-
Restricted-use Quality
stock stock inspection
Material 308-188
Batch A1
Status: UNRESTR.
UNRESTR. 100 kg 0 kg 0 kg
Stock transfer to quality control 20 kg

Movement type 322
80 kg 20kg
Status change
Status: RESTRICTED 0 kg 80 kg 20kg
Stock transfer to unrestricted stock 20 kg

Mvt type 321
0 kg 100 kg 0 kg
© SAP AG 1999

Tips & Tricks 1
Batch Assign reference characteristic

class X LOBM_ZUSTD to your batch
class “X” in the classification
LOBM_ZUSTD
system.
Selection
Also assign the same reference
class Y
characteristic to your selection
class “ Y ”.
Ensure that your batches are
classified with batch class “ X ”.
Batch
class X Batch Ensure that selection class “ Y ”
is used in the strategy record of
Material the respective application.
Selection
class Y Strategy
record
© SAP AG 1999
If you use batch status management, you should also use the batch status as a selection criterion for
batch determination.
As already mentioned in the chapter on batch specification, the standard SAP R/3 System comes with
reference characteristics.
The reference characteristic LOBM_ZUSTD stores the batch status in the classification system.
You should therefore assign it...
... to the respective batch class as a characteristic.
... to the respective strategy record as a selection criterion.
In batch determination, this combination ensures that only batches with the required status are selected.
This prevents long run times.
For example, the system picks out only unrestricted-use batches for a delivery.
This functionality is effective only in conjunction with batch determination, not when you select a batch
manually.

Tips & Tricks 2
Reference characteristic
The reference characteristic is
“status” automatically assigned the
value of a field.
Unrestr. Restr. You can store additional
information in user-defined
characteristics as required.
You create user-defined
User-defined characteristic characteristics in the
blocking reasons classification system.
Like reference characteristics,
Damaged Spoiled you assign user-defined
characteristics to the batch
class and to the strategy
record.
Incorrect Inspection
certificates required
© SAP AG 1999
In addition to the standard characteristics, you can define as characteristics all attributes that you
consider important and useful for subsequent batch selection.
For example, a useful addition to the standard characteristic “status” would be the characteristic
“blocking reasons” or also “possible use”.
(C) SAP AG LO955 6-10

Batch Status Management: Summary

Decide whether you want to monitor and control
batch statuses using Batch Status Management
Identify batch statuses
Change batch statuses
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 6-11

Batch Status Management Exercises
Additional Exercise:
Unit: Batch Status Management
Topic: Assigning a Batch the Status “Restricted”

• Change an unrestricted batch to a restricted batch
• Change the Stock Overview display version to reflect restricted
batches
You want to see the effect of the change in batch status. The stock
overview displays these changes. You can save the batch status as
a characteristic and use it in Batch Determination.
1-1 Change the batch master record and set the status to “restricted”
1-1-1 Check the stocks of Y-500-##.
Copy the transaction (stock overview) to your favorites.
1-1-2 Change the status of one of your batches to “restricted”.
Copy this transaction (Change batch) to your favorites.
Use the values below:
Material: Y-500-##
Batch: (enter the batch number of your choice)
Set the status "restricted".
Save your batch.

1-1-3 Optional: Search for the material document that was created as a result of the
change to the batch and make a note of the number:
Material document: _________________________________________
(C) SAP AG LO955 6-12

1-2 Display several versions of the stock overview to track ‘restricted batches’:
1-2-1 Display the stock overview for material Y-500-##.
Remove the No lines with zero stock indicator.
Check the batch that you posted to ‘restricted’ stock.
For information about units of measure in the ‘restricted’

status, double-click the line containing the batch concerned
and then scroll down the list.
1-2-2 Display the stock overview for material Y-500-## again. Make sure that
Display version 14 is set on the initial screen.
The No lines with zero stock indicator can be copied as selected.
Batches with stocks marked as ‘restricted’ are easily visible.
(C) SAP AG LO955 6-13

Batch Status Management Solutions
Unit: Batch Status Management

Topic: Assigning a Batch the Status “Restricted”
1-1 Change the batch master record and set the status to “restricted”
1-1-1 Check the stocks of Y-500-##.
Logistics → Materials management → Inventory Management →
Environment → Stock overview
or
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Tools → Stock →
Stock overview
Copy this transaction to your favorites.

Material Y-500-##
1-1-2 Change the status of one of your batches to “restricted”.

Copy this transaction to your favorites.
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch → Change
or
Material Master → Batch → Change
1-1-3 Optional: Search for the material document that was created as a result of the
change to the batch and make a note of the number:
Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management →
Environment → List Displays → Material Documents
(C) SAP AG LO955 6-14

1-2 Display several versions of the stock overview to track ‘restricted batches’:
1-2-1 Display the stock overview for material Y-500-##.
Call up the transaction from your favorites.

Menu path description under 1-1-1.

Material Y-500-##
Display version 1
Remove the No lines with zero stock indicator.
Check the batch that you posted to ‘restricted’ stock.
For information about units of measure with the status

‘restricted’, double-click the line containing the batch
concerned and then scroll down the list.
1-2-2 Display the stock overview for material Y-500-## again.

Call up the transaction from your favorites.
Menu path description under 1-1-1.

Material Y-500-##
Display version 14
Make sure that Display version 14 is set on the initial screen.
The No lines with zero stock indicator can be copied as selected.
Batches with stocks marked as ‘restricted’ are easily visible.
(C) SAP AG LO955 6-15

Availability Check for Batches
Contents:
Effects of the Batch Definition on the Availability Check
Availability Check and Status Management
© SAP AG 1999
Availability Check: Unit Objectives
Outline the special aspects of the availability

check in the case of a material subject to a batch-
management requirement
© SAP AG 1999

Availability Check: Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch
Batch Batch Where-used List

Status Management Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Availability Check: Business Scenario
Your company wishes to treat batches with the

status "restricted" as "unavailable" for the
purposes of materials planning. However, in the
case of stock withdrawals for production, the same
batch is to be regarded as "available".
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Definition and Availability Check
The availability check is one of the checks carried

out during the batch determination process.
It should run here without taking the replenishment
lead time into account.
By definition, a batch is unique and cannot therefore
be replenished.
The MRP data of a material that is subject to a batch
management requirement must include a suitable
checking group.
© SAP AG 1999

Availability Check and Status Management
Selection criteria:
} Batches of material 308-188
Status: UNRESTRICTED
Available stock > 0
Material Characteristic Status: Available Maximum

300-188 value Unrestr. quantity: proposal:
LOBM-ZUSTD
Batch Unrestr.
C1 C1 100 kg C1
C2 Unrestr. C2
C2 150 kg
Restr.
C3
C4 Unrestr. C4 0 kg C2
C5 Restr.
C6 Restr. C6 50 kg
C6
© SAP AG 1999
The batches to be made available are selected in batch determination.

If you use the characteristic “LOBM_ZUSTD” (batch status) in batch determination, the system
differentiates between “unrestricted” and “restricted” batches.
If you want to find “unrestricted” batches only, the system selects only batches with the characteristic
value “blank”.
After the selection run, the system checks the availability of the batches selected.
Only “unrestricted” batches are proposed that are available in sufficient quantity.
In Customizing, you can set the format for the available stocks in the current stock/requirements list.
You have the option here of displaying restricted batch stocks as available or unavailable as you require.

Availability Check: Summary

Outline the special aspects of the availability
check in the case of a material subject to a batch-
management requirement
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Determination
Contents:
Batch Determination in the Logistics Process
The Principle of Batch Determination
Batch Determination in the Case of Goods Movements
Batch Determination in Production
Batch Determination in Sales
Batch Determination in Warehouse Management
Batch Determination: Master Data in the Applications
Link Between Customizing and the Applications
Settings in Customizing
Condition Technique in Batch Determination
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Determination: Unit Objectives
Describe how Batch Determination works and

how it is integrated in the Logistics process
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Determination: Course Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Determination: Business Scenario
Your company’s requirements are to:

Select the most appropriate batch to meet
customer needs.
Select the most appropriate component batch to
make a quality product.
Issue stock based on FIFO or FEFO (first
expiration, first out), without using the Warehouse
Management System.
© SAP AG 1999

Batch Determination in the Logistics Process
Procurement Production Sales
Warehouse management Warehouse management
A A A
A A
B B
W/house Process/ W/house Sales

Purch. order production order/
order delivery
Batch assignment Batch assignment
Batch determination Batch determination

© SAP AG 1999
In Logistics, there are different points at which you can assign a batch to a material. You manually enter
the batch number numerically or alphanumerically.
Batch numbers are assigned to materials with batch requirement at goods receipt (external procurement
or in-house production).
If you want to use a particular batch in the Logistics process, you first have to find the batch with the
required specification in stock. Batch determination works automatically.
In Production, batch determination is used to specify suitable components for the finished product right
at the production order stage.
Sales needs to find the batch that fits the customer's requirements most closely. This can be done at two
points: in the sales order and in the delivery.
In the case of goods movements, you need to find the correct batch for goods issues such as for a
consumption posting for an order or for a transfer posting.
In warehouse management, you can initiate batch determination according to the LIFO or FIFO principle
(but also according to other criteria) in the transfer order.

Principal of Batch Determination
Batch 4243 Strategy record Y
Batch class 4 Selection class 2
Batch characteristics Selection characteristics

Viscosity 7450-
7450-7800
Color 1
Refractive index 1.5700
Viscosity 7500
Acidity 10% - 15%
Refractive index 1.5700
© SAP AG 1999
Batches require you to enter specifications. You classify the batch record using a class of batch class
type 022 or 023, depending on the setting for the batch level in Customizing. You store the batch's
specifications as characteristic values. Both discrete values and defined intervals are possible.
For business transactions where batch determination is to be used, you have to enter strategy records.
The structure of the search strategy depends on the settings made in Customizing. Linked to these
strategy records are the target values for which you search with regard to a particular business
transaction. If you have a number of different requirements, you will have to create the corresponding
number of records. Like the batch record, you also classify the strategy record using a class of class type
022 or 023, storing the required selection criteria as characteristic values for this selection class.
If you now want to find a suitable batch for a business transaction, the system accesses the relevant
strategy record. Its characteristic values are proposed. You can change them for the current business
transaction. The system searches for batches that have the required characteristic values. If required,
auxiliary functions such as a strategy analysis and log printout are offered. They provide user support by
helping you to make suitable changes to your entries and thus to continue the search.

Batch Determination for Goods Movements
Search strategy
W/house
• Movement type
• Material
• Plant
Characteristics
Bch status: UNR.
Rem.
Rem. shelf life:
10 days
Goods issue
Material X
Batch 456c
W/house
Characteristics
Batch status:
status: UNR.
Exp.
Exp. Date:
Date:
01.02.1997
© SAP AG 1999
Batch determination can be fully used for stock transfers and goods issues.
In the standard setting, batch determination runs online.

Batch Determination in Production
Production
Warehouse A
B Warehouse management
Process/
production
order
Batch
determination Search strategy
Material X • Component X
Batch
456b
Material X
Batch 456a BOM for
Characteristics
• Density 5.7 finished
• Expiration date Characteristics product Y-351
Characteristics Density 5.7 •...
01.02.97 • Density 5.7 Rem.shelf life •Component X
• Expiration date 10 days
01.02.97
© SAP AG 1999
In production, suitable batches can be selected in the production order for the individual components.
Batch splitting is possible.
Here, batch determination can work in two different ways:
The selection criteria for the component are contained in the BOM (bill of material) and are fixed values
for batch determination. They are stored as characteristic values of the individual BOM items.
Only if no BOM item is classified does the system check whether a classified strategy record exists. As
with batch determination in the other applications, the selection criteria are then taken from the strategy
record.
If the batches have not yet been determined in the production order,
you have to search for them at the time of the goods issue posting for the production order using batch
determination in Inventory Management.
This allows the use of batch determination even if a component is backflushed.
If the batches have not yet been determined in Sales, they must be found in the transfer order at the
latest, using batch determination in Warehouse Management.
For Release 4.0, you can also define search procedures that allow batch determination for repetitive
manufacturing, kanban, or pull lists.

Warehouse Management
System
Delivery
Batch determination
A
Search strategy
Sales A
W/house
Material X
Batch 456c
Sales order
Search strategy Batch determination
© SAP AG 1999
In Sales, batches can be determined at two points:

You can search for the suitable batch when creating the sales order.
If successful, the batch number is transferred to delivery and the warehouse management system.
Otherwise, batch determination is left up to the following functions.
If the batch is not determined until delivery, batch splitting is possible.
If successful, the batch numbers selected are in turn transferred to the warehouse management system.
If the batches have not yet been determined in Sales, they must be found in the transfer order at the
latest, using batch determination in Warehouse Management.

Warehouse management Material X W/house

Sales A
Batch 456c
Characteristics
A
• Density 5.7
B
• Expiration date
01.02.05
Sales order
Delivery note
Batch Search strategy

Search strategy determination
•Customer 9911
•Customer 9911
•Material X
•Destination GB
Characteristics
Characteristics
•Density 5.7
•Density 5.7
• Rem.
Rem. shelf life
• Rem.
Rem. shelf life
10 days
10 days
© SAP AG 1999
If you want to use batch determination in Sales for a business transaction, you must first create a strategy
record. This record contains fields typical of the corresponding business transaction. You classify it
using a selection class in order to store the required specification for the business transaction as a
characteristic value.
In batch determination, the classification of the batch records is compared with that of the strategy
record. If they match, the search was successful. If not, you must change your entries and run the batch
determination procedure again. The characteristic values are default values that you can change or
exclude if required.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-10

Transfer
order
A
Search strategy
Material X B
• Warehouse no. 002
Batch 456c
• Movement type 261
Characteristics
Characteristics
Batch status: Unr.
Unr. W/house
Batch status: Unr.
Unr.
Rem.
Rem . shelf life:
life:
Exp.
Exp. Date:
Date: 01.02.05
10 days
W/house
© SAP AG 1999
In Warehouse Management, batch determination is used for goods issues and stock transfers. The
standard function uses status and shelf life to determine the batch for stock transfer.
For example, you want to post replenishment of a material to be handled in batches to its fixed storage
bin in the picking location. For the transfer posting, the system searches for those batches with the status
“unrestricted-use” and the shortest shelf life.
You want the batches to be sorted by shelf life expiration date.
By sorting according to date field, goods movements can be made on the basis of the LIFO and FIFO
principle.
Here, batch determination runs in the background. The order in which batches are to be listed is
controlled by the sort rule.
You can change it in the selection record, where you can also vary the selection criteria.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-11

IM System
PP System
Create
batch Production
order
Goods receipt Goods issue Mat. X C 123 10
Mat. Y C 456 20
Transfer
order
SD System
Material X
Material X Batch 123 Delivery
Batch 123
From: 902
To: 100 Mat. Bch Qty
X 456 100
Evaluation
WM System
Material X
Batch 123
© SAP AG 1999
When goods are issued in Inventory Management, the system uses particular batches, which are then
staged via picking strategies in Warehouse Management.
Due to the overlapping systems (PP and SD), the system either transfers to the WM System the batches
to be picked via the production order or the delivery (in this case the system searches for the batches
defined), or the WM System determines the batches.
For external or internal inbound deliveries, the system posts a goods receipt for purchase orders or a
production order in Invnetory Management. If you post material that has batch management
requirement, the system creates a new batch. At the same time, classification is carried out for the new
batch.
The batch number is recorded in the quant that is updated as a result of the goods receipt. Alongside the
material number, plant, stock category, and special stock, the batch number forms the material
identification and thereby acts as a criterion for splitting stock in the Warehouse Management System.
The batch is included in all processes in the Warehouse Management System. If the stock that has been
posted is placed in storage, it is posted with reference to the batch. All relevant business transactions and
evaluations take the batch into account.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-12

Batch Determination: Application Master Data
Business
When? transaction
Selection class
What?
Sort rule
Default quantity rule
Number of batch splits
How?
Strategy records
PP/PP-PI MM WM SD
© SAP AG 1999
Batch determination depends on the strategy records of the respective application. For different
purposes, you have to create different strategy records in the system.
The strategy record that applies to the business transaction is established by the system.
The strategy record determines what is looked for. The selection class specifies which characteristics the
batch is to have.
The strategy record determines how the result of the search run is to be displayed.
The sort rule specifies the sequence in which the batches found are listed.
The default quantity rule determines the quantity in which the batches sought have to be available. You
may want an issue quantity to come only from a single batch or to be made only in whole pallets. A
USER EXIT allows you to match the default quantity to your company's requirements.
The 'number of batch splits' determines the maximum number of batches that may be proposed after a
search run.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-13

How Customizing and the Applications Are Linked
PP/PP-PI MM WM SD
Sales organization
11 Warehouse no.
Distribution channel
Order type 22 Warehouse no. Division
Movement type
Plant Movement type 22 Sales document type
Search procedures
© SAP AG 1999
Search procedures are stored in Customizing for each application in which you can run batch
determination. They are the link to the rules used to find the valid strategy record for the respective
business transaction.
You can define the search procedures differently for different business transactions in the application. As
soon as the batch determination procedure is running, the system accesses the corresponding entry of the
application, using it to locate the relevant entries in Customizing.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-14

Settings in Customizing
PP/PP-PI MM Search WM SD
procedures
Strategy types
Access
sequences
Condition tables
© SAP AG 1999
Dependent on the search procedure is a series of Customizing entries for each application in which batch
determination is possible.
The system finds the search procedure (of the application) that is valid on this occasion. It contains the
group of strategy types that are to be read.
As a reference for the strategy records, the strategy types contain control parameters according to which
the batch determination procedure is to run. They are linked to an access sequence.
The access sequence defines the order in which the system searches for existing strategy records. The
access sequence consists of condition tables.
The condition tables describe groups of fields that have been used as a model to create strategy records.
If the table contains many fields, the strategy record is valid for a very special combination of data. If it
contains few fields, the strategy record has a more general validity.
In the access sequence, the condition tables should be grouped from 'Specific' to 'General'.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-15

Condition Technique in Batch Determination
Condition tables Cust.

Material Sales org.
11 Choose the central fields
Plant from the business transactions
Material and enter in tables.
Material
Cust. Material Plant Strategy

Sales organization Material type
Access sequence Material
22 Define the sequence of the condition

tables in the search process...
33 ...assign to a strategy type...
Strategy
type Strategy 44 Strategy type
Search procedure ...and combine in a
type Strategy procedure.
type
© SAP AG 1999
In Customizing, you must choose fields from the business transactions 'sales order', 'delivery', 'transfer
order', 'goods movement', and 'production/process order' and enter them in condition tables.
They will be used later to form the link between business transaction, strategy record, and batch found.
You then arrange the tables in access sequences.
This is the order in which you want the system to search for existing strategy records.
If the search is not successful using the fields in the first table, the system continues with the next table
in the access sequence. It is advisable to focus the scope of the search at first, in other words, to start
with a table with several entries ('Customer', 'Plant', and 'Material' in our example) and to end with a
more general search (made here only via the material number).
For each strategy type, you choose one access sequence. You may assign the strategy type once only.
However, an access sequence may be used by several strategy types.
The details for batch determination are defined in the strategy type. These include, for example, whether
batch splitting is to be allowed or how the default quantity is calculated. The strategy type entries are
passed on as default values for the strategy records in the application.
Final accessing of the batches for a defined purpose and from defined points of view is stored in the
search procedure. You can link different access sequences together by combining more than one strategy
type.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-16

Batch Determination: Unit Summary

Describe how Batch Determination works and how
it is integrated in the Logistics process
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-17

Batch Determination Exercises
Unit: Batch Determination

Topic: Batch Determination in the Various
Application Components

• Understand settings for Batch Determination in Customizing
• Create and verify batch search strategies
- Upon goods movements in Inventory Management
or
- In SD
or
- In Process Manufacturing
Upon goods movements, the system picks out the batch numbers
in stock that meet particular selection criteria.
In Customizing, you can define flexible, application-specific rules
for Batch Determination.
We have prepared exercise data you can use to set up and

carry out Batch Determination for the application
components MM, PP, PP-PI, and SD.
Carry out parts A and B of the exercise. Then look for
the application that is of most interest to you:
Section 1-1/1-2, 2-1/2-2, or 3-1/3-2.
You can use the same selection class and sort rule for all
parts of the exercise. These are created centrally in
Customizing:
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-18

a) Define selection class
Call up the Create selection class function.
The selection class contains the characteristics for which you want to find batches in the
system.
Create a new selection class 023SE_## with the characteristics M1-## (viscosity) and M2-##
(pH level).
b) Define and edit sort rules
Call up the Create sort rule function.
In the sort rule, you sort the batches found according to a given characteristic for batch
determination - in ascending or descending order.
Create a new sort rule 040SO_## to sort the batches found for the characteristic M1-##
(viscosity).
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-19

1-1 Batch determination for goods movements: Customizing
You want to find batches of trading goods with a particular pH level and viscosity for a stock
transfer or goods issue.
In Customizing, choose (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project → SAP

Reference IMG). Choose
Logistics - General → Batch Management – Batch Determination and Batch Check
Call up each of the functions that affect Inventory Management:

1-1-1 Function: Condition tables
The condition tables define the fields outlining a particular transaction for
which batches are to be found, for example, the trigger for batch determination.
Look at the existing entries. You can make your own entries if you wish.
However, the standard entries are usually sufficient.
1-1-2 Function: Access sequences
Access sequences describe the order in which the system reads the condition
tables. It is best if the system reads the more specific condition tables and then
the general ones.
Look at the existing entries. You can enter your own combinations if you wish.
1-1-3 Function: Strategy types
Strategy types are a template. They contain default values that are transferred to
the strategy records of each of the application components. They are always
created with reference to a concrete strategy type.
When you create your own strategy type, technically, you can use your own
selection class and sort rule. However, it is more advisable to assign the
selection class and sort rule to the strategy record in the application component.
You must not change the strategy type ZMM1 that has been defined for
this exercise!
Strategy type ZMM1 has been defined for this exercise. The Selection class
and Sort rule fields are empty. Enter the data for these in the strategy record
you subsequently create in Inventory Management.
This procedure offers more flexibility. In the example, you can thus use the
same strategy type for all materials used in the course, even though they have
various characteristics.
Look at the default values for strategy type ZMM1 and note the access
sequence with which it is linked.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-20

IMPORTANT: Please do not change the strategy type
ZMM1. Changing it would change the strategy type for all the
participants.
Note that Customizing tables are blocked if you try to access
the strategy type using the change function. Do not use the
Customizing tables for any longer than necessary. If possible,
use the display function.
1-1-4 Function: Define batch search procedure

Combinations of strategy types form search procedures.
A batch search procedure combines all strategy types that are to be taken into
account for each particular transaction type in the application component. In
MM, the batch search procedure combines the strategy types and then assigns
them to a movement type (see section 1-1-5). Check which entry the strategy
type ZMM1 contains.
1-1-5 Function: Assign batch search procedure
This shows which search procedure is used for which purpose.
Look at the search procedure that contains strategy type ZMM1. Is it assigned
to a movement type that you want to try to use in batch determination.
RECOMMENDATION: For test purposes, use movement type
201 or 311. If you use these, you do not have to change or extend
the material master data, and you do not need any additional
documents.
1-2 Batch determination for goods movements

1-2-1 Create batch search strategy for Inventory Management
Create a batch search strategy with reference to strategy type ZMM1. Link the
strategy record to your material and the movement type you want to use.
In the strategy record, use your selection class as a selection criterion and your
sort rule as a sort criterion. Define your target values for the selection
characteristics. The system takes all the remaining data from the strategy type.
As you may subsequently want to change the batch search
strategy, it is advisable to copy the Batch search strategy
function to your favorites.
1-2-2 Post goods movement with batch determination

(C) SAP AG LO955 8-21
Post the goods movement with the movement type for which you have
maintained data.
NOTE for movement type 201: Cost center 1000 has been
created.
NOTE for movement type 311: You can enter storage
location 0002 as the
receiving storage location
for this stock transfer.
Enter the material number and quantity.

In Inventory Management, you initiate batch determination by entering an
asterisk (*) in the Batch field.
The system displays all batches that match your selection criteria.
To see how the system found the strategy record used, choose Strategy analysis.
For more information, you can double-click it.
To overwrite the target values of the selection characteristics, choose Selection
criteria. Choose Change and enter a smaller interval or a single value.
The search result changes.
Choose
Batch Determination → Without selection criteria.
The system shows all available, existing batches for this material.
To display a comparison of the selection values from the strategy
record with the batch’s actual characteristic values, choose
Classification.
This shows you why a batch was found or why it was not
displayed.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-22

2-1 Batch determination in Sales and Distribution: Customizing
Case 1: You want to find batches of trading goods with a particular pH value and
viscosity in a sales order. The batch numbers are transferred to all follow-on
documents.
(Note: Batch splitting is not possible here.)
Case 2: You want to find batches of trading goods with a particular pH value and
viscosity in a delivery for a sales order. The Batch number field must not be filled in
the sales order.
In Customizing, choose (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project →

SAP Reference IMG). Choose Logistics - General → Batch Management – Batch
Determination and Batch Check
Call up each of the functions that affect SD:

the general ones.
You must not change the strategy type ZSD1 that has been defined for this
exercise!
Strategy type ZSD1 has been defined for this exercise. The Selection class and
Sort rule fields are empty. You fill these fields subsequently in the strategy
record you create in the SD menu. This procedure offers more flexibility. In the
example, you can thus use the same strategy type for all materials used in the
course, even though they have various characteristics.
Look at the default values for strategy type ZSD1 and note the access sequence
with which it is linked.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-23
IMPORTANT: Please do not change the strategy type ZSD1.
Changing it would change the strategy type for all the
participants.
Note that Customizing tables are blocked if you try to access
the strategy type using the change function. Do not use the
Customizing tables for any longer than necessary. If possible,
use the display function.
2-1-4 Function: Define batch search procedure

account for each particular transaction type in the application component. In
SD, the batch search procedure combines the strategy types and then assigns
them to a combination of sales organization, distribution channel, division, and
sales document type (see section 2-1-5). The entries are used for both SD
documents – the sales order and the delivery. Check which entry the strategy
type ZSD1 contains.
Look at the search procedure that contains strategy type ZSD1. Is it assigned to
a sales document type that you want to try to use in batch determination?
RECOMMENDATION: The entry TA is the standard order for the
exercise.
2-1-6 Function: Activate automatic batch determination in SD
Find out what this function is used for and how it has been configured in
Customizing.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-24

2-2 Carry out batch determination in Sales and Distribution
2-2-1 Create a batch search strategy record for SD
Create a batch search strategy record with reference to strategy type ZSD1.
Link the strategy record to your material Y-500-## and the customer 7777.
sort rule as a sort criterion. Define your target values for the search
characteristics. The system takes all the remaining data from the strategy type.
As you may subsequently want to change the batch search

strategy, it is advisable to copy the Batch search strategy
function to your favorites.
2-2-2 For case 1 (sales order):

Create sales order and carry out batch determination
Create your own sales order with the order type standard order.
Use the data below:
Customer: 7777
sales organization: 1020
Distribution channel: 22
Division: 00
Order number: Any
Display the item overview.
After the search has run, you can see the batches found here.
Choose
Edit → Batch determination.
The system displays the selection screen for batch determination with all the
required information, including all the batches that match your selection
criteria.
criteria.
Choose Change and enter a smaller interval or a single value.
Choose
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-25

The system shows all available, existing batches for this material.
To display a comparison of the selection values from the strategy
record with the batch’s actual characteristic values, choose
Classification.
In this way, you can see why a batch was found or why it was not
displayed.
2-2-3 For case 2 (delivery):

Create delivery and carry out batch determination
Remove the batch number entered in the item overview.
Choose
Sales document → Deliver
Enter:
Shipping point: 1100
Selection date: Current date + at least 1 week
In the delivery document, choose
Goto → Item → Batch split. Then choose New batch determination.
The system displays the selection screen for batch determination, which you are
familiar with from exercise 2-2-2. This also contains all the information that is
described for batch determination in the sales order under 2-2-2.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-26

3-1 Batch determination in process manufacturing: Customizing
You want to manufacture a material T-HT2## and have to have the system search for a
suitable batch for the component Y-500-##.
In Customizing (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project → SAP

Reference IMG), choose Logistics - General → Batch Management – Batch
Determination and Batch Check
Call up each of the functions that affect process manufacturing:

the general ones.
You must not change the strategy type ZPI1 that has been defined for this
exercise!
Strategy type ZPI1 has been defined for this exercise. The Selection class and
Sort rule fields are empty. Fill these fields subsequently in the strategy record
you create in the Process Manufacturing menu. This procedure offers more
flexibility. In the example, you can thus use the same strategy type for all
materials used in the course, even though they have various characteristics.
Look at the default values for strategy type ZPI1 and note the access sequence
IMPORTANT: Please do not change the strategy type
ZPI1. Changing it would change the strategy type for all
the participants.
Note that Customizing tables are blocked if you try to
access the strategy type using the change function. Do not
use the Customizing tables for any longer than necessary.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-27

If possible, use the display function.
3-1-4 Function: Definition of batch search procedure
account for each particular transaction in the application. In PP-PI, the batch
search procedure combines the strategy types and then assigns them to a
combination of plant and order type (see section 3-1-5).
Check which entry the strategy type ZPI1 contains.

Look at the search procedure that contains strategy type ZPI1. To which order
type and plant is it assigned?
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-28

3-2 Carry out batch determination in the production process
3-2-1 Change BOM
You have to prepare the data for batch determination with your batch material.
Go directly to the BOM.
Use the data below:
Material: T-HT2##
Plant: 1100
Use: 3.
Add your material Y-500-## to the list of components by choosing Edit → New
entries. Enter 1 kg as the required quantity and Stock item as the item category.
In the General data for the item, mark the quantity as a fixed quantity.
Save the BOM.
3-2-2 Create batch search strategy for production process
Go to
Logistics → Central functions → Batch Management → Batch Determination
→ Batch Search Strategy → For Process Order → Create
Create a strategy record with the following data:
Strategy type: ZPI1
Order type: PI01
Plant: 1100
Material: Y-500-##
3-3-3 Create process order and carry out batch determination for components
Open a process order for material T-HT2##. Use the data for which you have
just created a strategy record. Enter a total quantity of 100 000 pieces and the
current date as the start date. The system accepts the master recipe with the
modified BOM. Call up the material overview.
Select your components that are subject to batch management and choose
Material → Batch management → Carry out determination
The system displays the selection screen for batch determination with all the
required information, including all the batches that match your selection
criteria.
criteria.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-29

Choose
The system shows all available, existing batches for this

material.
To display a comparison of the selection values from the
strategy record with the batch’s actual characteristic values,
choose Classification.
This shows you why a batch was found or why it was not
displayed.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-30

Batch Determination Solutions
Unit: Batch Determination

Topic: Batch Determination in the Various
Application Components
c) Define selection class
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch Determination → Selection

and Sort → Selection Class → Create
or
Customizing (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project. Goto → SAP
Reference IMG):
Logistics - General → Batch Management – Batch Determination and Batch Check →
Define Selection Class
d) Define and edit sort rules
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch Determination → Selection

and Sort → Sort Rule → Create
or
Reference IMG):
Logistics - General → Batch Management – Batch Determination and Batch Check →
Define Sort Rules
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-31

1-1 Batch determination for goods movements: Customizing

Goto → SAP Reference IMG). Choose Logistics - General → Batch Management –
Batch Determination and Batch Check
Call up each of the functions that affects Inventory Management:

You must not change the strategy type ZMM1 that has been defined for
this exercise!
Look at the default values for strategy type ZMM1 and note the access
sequence with which it is linked.
The search procedure Z00001 contains the strategy type ZMM1.

The search procedure Z00001 is assigned to movement types 201 and 311.
RECOMMENDATION: For test purposes, it is best to stick

to movement type 201 or 311. If you use these, you do not
have to change or extend the material master data and you do
not need any additional documents.
1-2 Batch determination for goods movements

1-2-1 Create a batch search strategy record for Inventory Management
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch
Determination →Batch Search strategy → For Inventory Management →
Create
sort rule as a sort criterion.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-32

Strategy type ZMM1
Movement type 201 or 311
Material Y-500-##
Selection criteria 023SE_##
Define your target values for
the selection characteristics.
Sort 040SO_##
1-2-2 Post goods movement with batch determination

Post the goods movement, using the movement type for which you have
maintained data.
Logistics → Materials management → Inventory management. →
Goods movement → Goods issue || movement type 201
or
Goods Movement → Transfer Posting || movement type 311
Enter the material number and quantity.
Choose Strategy analysis and Selection criteria.

Choose
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-33

2-1 Batch determination in Sales and Distribution: Customizing

Goto → SAP Reference IMG). Choose Logistics - General → Batch Management –
Batch Determination and Batch Check
Call up each of the functions that affect SD:
You must not change the strategy type ZSD1 that has been defined for this
exercise!
Look at the default values for strategy type ZSD1 and note the access sequence
The search procedure SD0001 contains the strategy type ZSD1.
The search procedure SD0001 is assigned to sales organization 1020,
distribution channel 22, division 00, and sales document type TA.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-34

2-2 Carry out batch determination in Sales and Distribution:
2-2-1 Create batch search strategy for SD
Logistics → Central functions → Batch Management → Batch
Determination → Batch Search Strategy → For Sales and Distribution →
Create
sort rule as a sort criterion.

Strategy type ZSD1
Customer 7777
Material Y-500-##
Selection criteria 023SE_##
Sort 040SO_##
As you may still want to change the batch search strategy, it

is advisable to copy the Batch search strategy function to
your favorites.
2-2-2 For case 1 (sales order):

Create sales order and carry out batch determination
Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Order → Create

Order type Standard order
Division 00.
Sold to party 7777
PO number Any
Material Y-500-##
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-35

Quantity Any
Choose
Edit → Batch determination.

Choose
2-2-3 For case 2 (delivery):

Create delivery and carry out batch determination
Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Order → Change
Remove the batch number entered in the item overview.
Choose
Sales document → Deliver
If you receive a warning message, click the green arrow.
Enter:

Shipping point 1100
Selection date Current date + at least 1 week
In the delivery document, choose

Goto → Item → Batch split. Then choose New batch determination.
The system displays the selection screen for batch determination, which you are
familiar with from exercise 2-2-2.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-36

3-1 Batch determination in process manufacturing: Customizing
In Customizing, choose (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project.

Goto → SAP Reference IMG). Choose
Logistics - General → Batch Management – Batch Determination and Batch Check
Call up each of the functions that affect process manufacturing:

You must not change the strategy type ZPI1 that has been defined for this
exercise!
Look at the default values for strategy type ZPI1 and note the access sequence
The search procedure CO0001 contains the strategy type ZPI1.
Search procedure CO0001 is assigned to order type PI01 and plant 1100.
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-37

3-2 Carrying out batch determination in the production process:
3-2-1 Change BOM
Logistics → Production → Master Data → Bills of Material → Bill of
material → Material BOM → Change.
Use the data below:

Material T-HT2##
Plant 1100
Use 3
Add your material Y-500-## to the list of components by choosing Edit → New
entries.
Requirement qty 1 kg
Item category Stock item
Save the BOM.

3-2-2 Create batch search strategy record for the production process
Logistics → Central functions → Batch Management → Batch
Determination → Batch Search Strategy → For Process Order → Create
Create a strategy record with the following data:
Strategy type ZPI1
Order type PI01
Plant 1100
Material Y-500-##
Selection class 023SE_##
Selection charac- 040SO_##
teristics
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-38

3-2-3 Create process order and carry out batch determination for components
Logistics → Production-Process → Process Order → Process order → Create
→ With material
Material T-HT2##
Plant 1100
Order type PI01
Total qty 100,000 pcs
Start date Today
The system accepts the master recipe with the modified BOM. Go to the
material overview.
Select your components that are subject to batch management and choose
Choose
Choose
(C) SAP AG LO955 8-39

Price Determination
Contents:
Functionality
Condition Technique in Pricing for Batches
Presentation in the Billing Document
Partial Stocks and Their Combinations
Structure of Valuation for a Single Batch
© SAP AG 1999
Price Determination: Objectives
Describe the use of the condition technique in the

price determination process for batches
Outline the effects of and prerequisites for
individual batch valuation
© SAP AG 1999

Price Determination: Course Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch

Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999

Price Determination: Business Scenario
Your company makes batches of widely varying

quality and wants to price by batch.
© SAP AG 1999

Functionality
You can define a separate sales price for each

batch.
You can proceed differently from batch to
batch.
If you want a batch to have a different sales
price, you must create a separate condition
record for it in SD.
© SAP AG 1999

Condition Technique in Pricing for Batches
Condition tables Cust.

Group the important fields in
Material 11
Material condition tables.
Material Batch
Batch
Condition
Customer Material Batch
type
Material Batch
Access sequence Material
22 Define the sequence of the condition

tables in price determination... 33
...assign to a condition type...
Condition
type Condition 44 ...and combine as a
Calculation type Condition calculation
procedure type procedure.
© SAP AG 1999
You will find the described settings in Customizing for SD.

Pricing uses condition technique. If you want to be able to store a price at batch level, you must include
the Batch number field in a condition table.
By making different entries in Customizing, you can define a pricing condition for the material and
define a different price for certain batches only.

Display in Billing Document
Go to Customizing for Sales and Distribution.

Choose 'Sales' -> 'Billing' -> 'Billing Documents'->
Maintain Copying Control for Billing Documents ->
'Copying Control: Delivery Document to Billing Document'.
If, for example, for key combination F2, LF, TAN, you want
to have ...
... the display at main item level, set the indicator 'G' or 'H' as
the billing quantity in the item details.
... the display with a batch split at item level, set the indicator
'B' or 'D' as the billing quantity in the item details.
© SAP AG 1999
The delivery allows batch splitting. You can store different prices for the different batches. This requires
that the invoice document shows batch prices. You can change the display in the system through the
Customizing settings described. You can choose between a total price at item level or all individual
batch prices per item.

Partial Stocks and Their Combinations
Batch mgmt Mgmt of partial

requirement stocks
Split valuation and

split inventory management
according to set valuation categories G
Split inventory management

in batches (number = open)
Inventory management in batches and

split valuation
according to set valuation categories
Split inventory management

and split valuation X
in batches = valuation for a single batch
© SAP AG 1999
As well as managing batches in Inventory Management, you can valuate partial stocks separately within
the plant level.
You can valuate them according to set valuation categories or you can decide individually for each
batch.
The last procedure is known as valuation for a single batch. You not only have to set the indicator for
batch requirement, but also have to set the “valuation category” field to “X” at plant level on the
accounting screen for the material.
This means that stock valuation can be defined differently for each batch.

Structure of Valuation for a Single Batch
Valuation
Valuation area 0001
Plant 0001 Material 1
Valuation cat. X
Material 1 Quantity 10
Plant
MAP 5.20
Valuation cat. Valuation cat.

Batch 1 Batch 2
Quantity 40 Quantity 60
Stor. loc. 0001 Stor. loc. 0002 MAP 4.00 St. price 6.00
SLoc Quantity 30 Quantity 70
Batch 1 Batch 2 Batch 1 Batch 2

Batch Quantity 10 Quantity 20 Quantity 30 Quantity 40
© SAP AG 1999
For materials subject to the valuation for a single batch procedure, the stocks and stock values are
managed on a cumulative basis at valuation area level. You have to use moving average price control for
materials at valuation level because the moving average price is managed for the whole valuation area.
In addition, the system creates a valuation record for each batch used. This contains specific valuation
data.

Price Determination: Summary
Describe the use of the condition technique in the

price determination process for batches
Outline the effects of and prerequisites for
individual batch valuation
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 9-10

Shelf Life Expiration Date
Contents:
Business Background
Integration
Shelf Life Expiration Date Check in Goods Receipt
Central Fields in the Purchase Order
Calculation of the Shelf Life Expiration Date
Shelf Life Expiration Date Check in Batch
Determination
© SAP AG 1999
Shelf Life Expiration Date: Unit Objectives
Explain the significance of the shelf life expiration

date in connection with materials subject to a
batch management requirement
Verify how the system calculates the shelf life
expiration date of a newly-delivered batch
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-2

Shelf Life Expiration Date: Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch
Batch
Batch Where-used List
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-3

Shelf Life Expiration Date: Business Scenario
Your company requires that the remaining shelf life

of bought-in components handled in batches must
be sufficiently long to enable it to manufacture the
finished product and ship it to the customer in
good time.
An enterprise that is not using the Warehouse
Management (WM) component wishes to record the
shelf life expiration date of quantities of materials
in the SAP System.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-4

Business Background
The shelf life expiration date check is particularly

important in the following industries:
Foodstuffs
Retail
Pharmaceuticals
Chemicals
Cosmetics
Health and hygiene
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-5

Integration
The shelf life expiration date check can be used with

and without batch management requirement.
It must be maintained for goods receipt before you
can use it in batch determination.
It does not restrict existing functionality.
You can decide whether you want to use it in
individual cases.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-6

Shelf Life Expiration Date Check in Goods Receipt
Important fields in master records
Must be maintained. The

Material master record
system checks date
• Remaining shelf life against this value.
• Total shelf life Can be maintained. This
value is used to calculate
the expiration date. Set at
the time of the goods
receipt posting.
Batch master record
• Expiration date
© SAP AG 1999
The time you specify in the material master can be defined in days or in other time periods, controlled
via the period indicator.
The function module exit EXIT_SAPLMHD1_001 in SAP enhancement SAPLMHD1 is used to
calculate and check the shelf life expiration date (SLED).
You can use this exit to modify the data for calculating and checking the SLED.
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-7

Central Fields in the Purchase Order
Purchase order
Header
Vendor
Batch master record Goods receipt

Items
Additional data
Vendor Vendor batch

Batch
Expiration date
Vendor batch Vendor batch
Batch
Expiration
Expiration
date date
© SAP AG 1999
In the order document, you can earmark the target batch to which the posting is to be made upon goods
receipt. This requires you to have already created the target batch number. Likewise, you can earmark
the vendor batch in the purchase order. This is the batch number under which the vendor manages his
goods. In the purchase order, you can specify a minimum value for the shelf life expiration date.
If the target batch already exists in the system, your master record will contain information on the
vendor, his batch number, and the shelf life expiration date specified. The data is entered in the batch
record upon the first goods receipt posting or is entered manually.
A check is made against this data upon other goods receipt postings.
You can also post the goods receipt to new batches. Your master record is then created when the posting
is made.
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-8

Calculation of the Shelf Life Expiration Date
Posting date: 07/10/99
Goods receipt Date of Batch master

Material 4712 prod.: record
100 items 07/01/99
Expiration date
07/01/97 + 20 days 07/21/97 - 07/10/97

= 07/21/99 = 11 days
Remaining
Shelf life
shelf life
expiration date
11 >10 => O.K.!
Total shelf life: 20 days Remaining shelf life: 10 days
Material master record
© SAP AG 1999
If both the total shelf life and the minimum remaining shelf life are maintained, the system executes two
functions in succession. It:
Calculates the shelf life expiration date of the goods received.
Checks the shelf life expiration date that has been calculated.
The system calculates the shelf life expiration date the first time a batch is received:
It is calculated from the date of production plus the total shelf life. You specify the date of production
when making the goods receipt posting. If the total shelf life has not been stored in the material master
record, you must enter the shelf life expiration date at this point.
The difference between the shelf life expiration date and the posting date is the remaining shelf life of
the goods received. It must not be less than the minimum remaining shelf life from the material master
record. If it were less, the system would respond with a warning or an error message, depending on the
setting in Customizing.
Upon the next goods receipt for the same batch, the system compares the shelf life expiration date of the
goods received with the shelf life expiration date that has been calculated.
You can overwrite the existing entry in the batch master record if a warning message has been set in
Customizing for this case.
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-9

SLED Check in Batch Determination
Delivery date 11/15/97

+ remaining shelf life 10 days
Batch 4243
Strategy record Y = 11/25/97
Selection class Batch class 2

4
Selection characteristics Batch

characteristics
11/25/97 < 11/28/97
Remaining shelf life Expiration date
11/28/97
(direct entry) => OK ! => O (can be calculated
by the system)
Delivery date
(set by system)
© SAP AG 1999
In batch determination, you can make a selection using the batch's shelf life expiration date.
This requires you to include standard characteristic LOBM_RLZ for the remaining shelf life in the
selection criteria as well as standard characteristic LOBM_LFDAT for the delivery date.
You enter the required remaining shelf life in the strategy record. Depending on the business transaction,
this can be the required batch specification for production or the requirements of the customer to whom
the delivery is to be made.
For example, the material is to be available in production or to have reached the customer by the
required delivery date.
The system uses these two characteristic values to calculate a minimum required shelf life expiration
date of the batch sought if standard characteristic LOBM_LFDAT has been maintained accordingly.
The SAP R/3 System comes with the standard characteristics. For the shelf life expiration date to be
calculated dynamically, object dependencies must be defined and linked to characteristic
LOBM_LFDAT.
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-10

Shelf Life Expiration Date: Summary
Explain the significance of the shelf life expiration

date in connection with materials subject to a
batch management requirement
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-11

Shelf Life Expiration Date Exercises
Unit: Shelf Life Expiration Date
Topic: Shelf Life Expiration Date Check

• Define rules in the master data to check the shelf life expiration
date
• Carry out goods receipts with shelf life expiration date check
for purchase orders
• Verify the shelf life expiration date in the batch master record
For materials with a limited shelf life that are handled in batches,
the system should calculate and check the shelf life expiration date
at goods receipt.
You want to verify...
... how the system calculates the shelf life expiration date of the
delivered batch
... whether the remaining shelf life meets the requirements
1-1 Change the shelf life data in the material master
Use the transaction Change material master from your favorites.
Call up the master data for material Y-500-##.

For plant 1100, extend the following data in the General Plant Data / Storage 1 view:
Minimum remaining shelf life: 30 days

Total shelf life: 50 days
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-12

1-2 Post goods receipt for purchase order with entry of shelf life expiration date/production
date
1-2-1 First of all, create the purchase order. You can then copy it.
Option 1: Choose Logistics → Materials Management → Purchasing →
Purchase Order → Create → Vendor/Supplying Plant Known.
Create a new purchase order for vendor 100, purchasing organization IDES
Germany, purchasing group Zuse, K, company code IDES AG Germany. Order
the material Y-500-##.
Call up the item details and check in the delivery section that the remaining
shelf life of 30 days has been copied from the material master.
Save the purchase order and make a note of the number.
Option 2: Use transaction ME21 in the command field (entry "/NME21"). This
is the quickest way of copying a reference purchase order in a system that is
not configured for the individual user.
Again choose Purchase order Copy.
Enter purchase order number 4100000955 as a reference document.
Adopt the item shown and enter your own material as the second item. Go to
the item screen for the second item. Choose
Item → More functions → Additional data.
A remaining shelf life of 30 days is shown. You can change the value. Save the
purchase order and make a note of the number. You can also create a purchase
order yourself with vendor 100, purchasing organization 1000 and purchasing
group 007.
Purchase order: ____________________________________________
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-13

1-2-2 Post the goods receipt.
• Enter your purchase order number. Call up the item details and the batch section in it. Extend
the batch number of your choice.
• The system prompts you to enter a date of production, as you entered a total shelf life in
exercise 1-1. Enter a date. The system then calculates the shelf life expiration date and checks
whether the remaining shelf life is sufficient.
• Copy the purchase order item by selecting it on the Item Overview screen and setting it to OK.
Save your goods movement.
You can also post the goods receipt via the transaction
MB01.
1-3 Verify shelf life expiration date in the batch master record
Call up the batch master record from your favorites or via the menu.
As you see, the system automatically filled the expiration date field. Try to track how
the system calculated the date.
Hints:
• You can also try out the same procedure without entering
a total shelf life in the system.
• You can add the standard characteristic for the expiration
date to the class C## of your material (search for the
characteristic LOBM* via F4 help).
Then display the classification for several batches of
material Y-500-##. All batches have transferred the
expiration date (current value) in the batch classification
to the relevant characteristic (there may not be a current
value if the expiration date was not checked at goods
receipt).
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-14

Shelf Life Expiration Date Solutions
Unit: Shelf Life Expiration Date
Topic: Shelf Life Expiration Date Check
1-1 Change the shelf life data in the material master

or

Material Y-500-##
View General Plant Data / Storage 1
Plant 1100
Minimum remaining shelf life 30 days
Total shelf life 50 days
1-2 Post goods receipt for purchase order with entry of shelf life expiration date/production
date
1-2-1 First of all, create the purchase order. You can then copy it.
Using transaction ME21 or ME21N, copy the reference purchase order
4100000955 (Logistics → Materials Management → Purchasing →
Purchase Order → Create → Vendor/Supplying Plant Known).
You can also create a new purchase order.
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-15

It is important that you create a purchase order item for material Y-500-##.
Vendor 100
Purchasing org. 1000 / IDES Germany
Purchasing group 007 / Zuse, K
Plant 1100 / Berlin

Material Y-500-##
Quantity Any
Price Any
Minimum remaining shelf life 30 days (taken from the
material master)
1-2-2 Post the goods receipt via

Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management → Goods
Movement → Goods Receipt → For Purchase Order → PO Number Known.
PO number See exercise 1-2-1
Batch Any
Production date 2 weeks previously
Note: You can also post the goods receipt via the transaction MB01.
1-3 Verify shelf life expiration date in the batch master record
Material Master → Batch → Display.
(C) SAP AG LO955 10-16

Contents:
Business Background
Batch Tracking over Several Manufacturing Levels
The Pick-up List
Batch Where-used List for Trading Goods
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Where-used List: Objectives
Describe the functions of the batch where-used

list
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-2

Batch Where-used List: Overview Diagram
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch
Batch
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-3

Business Scenario
Your company needs to recall one or more batches

from the market due to quality reasons.
A report is required to determine where the batch is
located, which customers need to be contacted,
and what component batches went into the recall
batch.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-4

Business Background
The batch where-used list documents the progress of

a batch through an enterprise.
It has particular importance with regard to questions of
product liability.
As of Release 3.0 of the SAP R/3 System, it can also
be used for the material type trading goods.
The documenting of batch movements in the system
also extends to transfer postings covering changes in
batch numbers and to physical stock transfers.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-5

Batch Tracking over Several Manufacturing Levels
Top
down Customer A Customer B Customer C
Sales order Sales order Sales order
F1 F2
Production order Production order
S1 S2
Production order Production order
R1 R2
F = finished product
Purchase S = semi-fin. product Bottom
order R = raw material
up
Vendor
© SAP AG 1999
Using Inventory Management functionality, the batch where-used list shows a batch's progress through
the company. From the initial posting through to deletion from inventory, each batch has its own
document journal. In addition, the system logs links between batches across all manufacturing levels
through to the sales order and batch splits.
The progress of a batch is recorded only if an inventory posting has been made. Together with the
material document, the system records the numbers of the reference documents such as the production
order and sales order.
The display variants top down and bottom up describe the perspective on the batch's lifecycle.
You can also edit the batch where-used list graphically.
Display options
1. Tree structure: Hierarchical format
2. ALV list: You can enhance this list with additional modifications or fields (for example, if you want to
reorganize columns, calculate totals, or add batch master data).
• For more information, refer to the step Set Up Customer Exit for Batch Where-used List in the
Implementation Guide (IMG) for Batch Management.
• The function module EXIT_SAPLCHVW_001 in the SAP enhancement SAPLCHVW is provided for
the batch where-used list. You use this exit to fill the fields you have added to the ALV list of the
batch where-used list (for example, fields with batch master data such as the shelf life expiration date).
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-6

Batch Where-used List for Trading Goods
Pick-
Pick-up list Customer A Customer B
Billing
document Sales order Sales order
Sales order
T1
T1
Scheduling
agreement
Delivery note
T1
Plant 02
Purchase
order
T = Trading Goods
Vendor
© SAP AG 1999
The “pick-up list” makes it easier to access the batch where-used list from an SD document: it selects the
flagged documents for the material, reads the batches used therein, and then branches to the batch where-
used list.
In the case of a trading good to be handled in batches, there is no detailed list of possible manufacturing
levels.
The result is a document journal that likewise shows the delivery note and sales order.
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-7

Batch Where-used List: Summary

Describe the functions of the batch where-used
list
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 11-8

Batch Specification and Quality Management
Contents:
Quality Management (QM) Inspections in Logistics

Simplified Batch Maintenance with QM
Creating a Material Specification
Setting up QM Inspection Data in the Material Master
Record
Transfer of Inspection Results
Example: Quality Inspection upon Goods Receipt from
Production
© SAP AG 1999
Batch Specification: Unit Objectives
Describe the steps involved in maintaining batch

data from within the Quality Management module
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-2

Batch Specification: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-3

Batch Specification: Business Scenario
Your company uses the QM component to check

batches that have been produced.
The inspection results are recorded and are to be
transferred directly into the batch classification.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-4

Quality Management (QM) Inspections in Logistics
Material 308-188
to be handled in batches
A1
A4
B3
A2 C4
Goods receipt Production Goods issue
© SAP AG 1999
Quality inspections can be made in a wide variety of areas in Logistics.

New batches can be created in each inspection of a material to be handled in batches if this seems
necessary on the basis of the QM results.
Goods procured externally are inspected for the first time upon goods receipt.
Inspections accompanying production are made during the production process, or the product produced
in-house is inspected before being added to stock.
If goods are delivered externally, they are inspected before delivery to customers.
Goods stored in a warehouse can be subject to quality inspection at regular intervals.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-5

Simplified Batch Maintenance with QM
Goods receipt Material 308-188
A1
Batch
308-188
QM insp. result
A1
Classification
Viscosity 750 CP Viscosity 750 CP
Covering 85%
power Covering power 85%
Master insp. General characteristics

characteristics
© SAP AG 1999
QM uses master inspection characteristics to store inspection results.

The batch keeps its specification values in the characteristics of the batch class. To distinguish them
from master inspection characteristics, they are referred to as general characteristics.
If the master inspection characteristic describes the same thing as the general characteristic, you should
link them to avoid duplicate maintenance. You do this in the QM master record Material specification.
The inspection values can be transferred to the batch classification automatically.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-6

Creating a Material Specification
Quality Management Classification System
Master insp. character X General characteristic A Material
Batch class
Master insp. character Y General characteristic B Classification

data
X A
Y B
Material specification
© SAP AG 1999
To transfer the inspection results from quality management to the batch specification automatically, you
have to set up the data as follows:
You have to define as a numeric value the general characteristic that you want to transfer to the
inspection results. In addition, the values specified for this characteristic must be within a single interval.
You must always create a master inspection characteristic with reference to the general characteristic in
QM. This ensures that the interval limits of the general characteristic are transferred if a quality
inspection is made using a material specification.
A material specification is created for the material in the QM system, where a master inspection
characteristic is assigned to each general characteristic. This link clearly determines which master
inspection characteristic transfers its result to which general characteristic.
If master inspection characteristics have already been created in the system with reference to general
characteristics of the material, they are included in the material specification.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-7

Setting up QM Insp. Data in the Mat. Master Record
QM inspection data
Material view QM
Details on
Inspection with specification
Inspection type
Insp. lot
...
© SAP AG 1999
If you want the material specification of a material to be considered in the quality inspection, you must
maintain the indicator Inspect with specification in the QM view of the material master record.
You can set this indicator for each inspection type.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-8

Transfer of Inspection Results
Save usage decision
Inspection results Batch class

General characteristics
Result
Automatic
Result
- closed characteristics
Inspection results Batch class

General characteristics
Manual
No Yes ?
- non-closed (open) characteristics
© SAP AG 1999
The inspection results are recorded in the quality inspection and the individual inspection characteristics
then closed. This is followed by the usage decision on the material inspected.
With the usage decision, the values are transferred from the master inspection characteristic to the
general characteristic assigned.
The mean value of the inspection characteristic concerned is written to the general characteristic
automatically if the inspection characteristic has the status closed. The inspection is otherwise regarded
as terminated (discontinued) and the value can be transferred only manually from the inspection
characteristic to the general characteristic.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-9

Example: Quality Inspection upon GR from Production
QM data
Material Characteristic value
308-188 assignment
Insp. type
Batch A1
A 96
Production B 1750
Results recording 1234
1234
Goods receipt Usage decision
Insp. lot X 96
Batch 1234
Y 1750
A1
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-10

Batch Specification: Summary
Describe the steps involved in maintaining batch

data from within the Quality Management module
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-11

Batch Specification and Quality Management Exercises
Additional Exercise: Optional
Unit: Batch Specification and Quality Management
Topic: Linking Master Inspection Characteristics
with a Material’s Class Characteristics
• Create a master inspection characteristic in QM and link it
with a material’s class characteristics
• Create inspection lots when you enter a goods receipt for a
purchase order
• Enter a usage decision
• Check that the inspection result is transferred to the class
characteristics of the batch concerned
You intend to include the inspection results in the valuation of
your batch managed materials that are subject to inspection,
provided that the inspection characteristic is consistent with the
classification characteristic.
You have to prepare the system so that the automatic transfer runs
smoothly.
To be on the safe side, test your settings using a concrete
example.
1-1 Preparations
Maintain QM data in material master

Use the transaction Change material master from your favorites.
Change the Quality Management view in the material master of material Y-500-##,
plant 1100 and define an inspection procedure for the material:
Click Inspection setup.

Click Create inspection data.
Enter inspection type 05 (=inspection for ‘other’ goods receipt) and activate this
inspection type by selecting the Active Field. Choose Enter.
Click Inspection settings again.

Set the indicator for Inspection with specification and
remove the indicator for Task List.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-12

Save the changes in the material master.
1-2 Link master inspection characteristic and class characteristic
1-2-1 Edit material specification

Check whether material Y-500 -## and its class characteristic covering power
(M4-##) are linked to QM.
1-2-2 Create master inspection characteristic

Create a master inspection characteristic and link it to the class characteristic
M4-##.
Give the master inspection characteristic the number 4-4##.
Use the data below:

Plant 1100
Master insp. characteristic 4-4##
Valid from Current date
Class characteristic M4-##
Status = released, Save.

Carry out step 2 again: Display the link you have created between the master
inspection characteristic 4-4## and the class characteristic M4-##.
Save the specification.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-13

2-1 Goods receipt for purchase order with creation of inspection lot
Create a batch and an inspection lot.

Using movement type 501, post an ‘other’ goods receipt of 500 KG to storage
location 0001, plant 1100. Assign your own batch number.
Assign values to all characteristics, apart from the characteristic covering power. (If
you assign a value to this characteristic at this point, quality inspection will overwrite
the value).
Use the transaction from your favorites or call it up from the menu.
2-2 Enter the inspection result.
Search for the inspection lots for your material Y-500-##. The system will find one
inspection lot exactly and display it in the frame on the left-hand side.
Double-click line 9999 Check with material specification for work center in the left
frame.
On the entry screen:
Select the item and click Edit – Characteristic – Choose [or the magnifying glass icon
< ]: xQuer = 921.
Edit - Lock [or choose the lock icon &],
(By-pass any dialog boxes by choosing Accept). Save.
2-3 Record the usage decision.
Double-click the line with inspection number 5000…in the left frame.
In the UD code field, use F4 help to enter an acceptance without further action and
save the usage decision.
Select the Inspection Lot Stock tab and post the quantity concerned (500 KG) to the
appropriate stock type: Enter 500 in the line To unrestricted and save again.
1
This is the value measured for the characteristic covering power in quality inspection.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-14
2-4 Check the batch classification:
Display the stock overview for material Y-500-##:
Double-click the relevant batch line and call up the classification data: The value 92%
is entered as the characteristic value for covering power.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-15

Batch Specification and Quality Management Solutions
Unit: Batch Specification and Quality Management

Topic: Linking Master Inspection Characteristics
with a Material’s Class Characteristics
1-1 Preparations
Maintain QM data in material master

or

Material Y-500-##
View Quality Management
Organizational level
Plant 1100
Inspection type 05
Pay attention to the instructions for inspection type 05 in the exercise text.
Save the changes in the material master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-16

1-2 Link master inspection characteristic and class characteristic
Quality Planning for Material → Inspection Planning → Material
Specification → Edit

Material Y-500-##
Plant 1100
The class characteristic M4-## does not have an equivalent in QM.2
1-2-2 Create master inspection characteristic
Quality Planning for Material → Basic Data → Inspection Characteristic →
Create

Plant 1100
Master insp. characteristic 4-4##
Valid from Current date
Class characteristic M4-##
Status Released

Quality Planning for Material → Inspection Planning → Material
Specification → Edit

Material Y-500-##
The class characteristic M4-## is assigned to master inspection characteristic 4-
4##.
Save the specification.
2
Only characteristics that have been defined numerically can be linked. In QM, you can enter a result for
numerical characteristics only.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-17
2-1 Goods receipt for purchase order with creation of inspection lot
Create a batch and an inspection lot.

Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management.→ Goods Movement
→ Goods Receipt → Other
Initial screen
Field name Values
Movement type 501
Plant 1100
At item level:
Field name Values
Material Y-500-##
Quantity 500 KG
Batch number Any, internal or external
Characteristic value assignment Any or within the allowed
values
No characteristic value
assignment for the
characteristic covering power.
Due to the configuration of QM in the material master (inspection type 05), the system
creates an inspection lot when you save an ‘other’ goods receipt.
2-2 Enter the inspection result:

Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Environment → Quality
Inspection → Worklist → Results Recording
Execute the transaction and enter the result.
Field name Values

Material Y-500-##
XQuer (result) 923

(characteristic 4-4##)
3
This is the value measured for the characteristic covering power in quality inspection.
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-18
2-3 Enter the usage decision:
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Environment → Quality
Inspection → Inspection Lot → Usage Decision → Record
Field name Values

Material Y-500-##
Insp. lot 5000....

UD code A (acceptance without further
action)
2-4 Check the batch classification:

Display the stock overview for material Y-500-##:
Environment → Stock → Stock Overview
or
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Tools → Stock → Stock
overview
(C) SAP AG LO955 12-19

Appendix: Batch Creation in Process Manufacturing
Contents:
Process Flow
Inspection During Production: Master Data
Inspection During Production: Master Recipe
Inspection During Production: Material Master
Inspection During Production: Material Specification
Master Recipe and Material Specification
Checks in the Production Process
Creation of Partial Lots
Relationship Between Partial Lots and Batches
Batch Number Assignment
© SAP AG 1999
Appendix: Batch Creation: Unit Objectives
At the conclusion of this unit, you will:
Understand how batch maintenance is integrated

with Quality Management in production
An operation from PP-PI serves as an example.
Be able to explain how production can control
batch creation
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-2

Appendix: Batch Creation Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-3

Appendix: Batch Creation Business Scenario
Your company, which is engaged in process

manufacturing, checks the batches it produces at
various inspection points in the production process.
The examination can yield different quality results.
The quantities taken from the production process
and examined can be posted to more than one batch
within a production run.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-4

Process Flow
Open
Receipt in warehouse 9
9 11 process order
Header
Confirmations 88 22 Copy
Operations Master recipe with
QM data
Phases
Production process 77 Resource
Process assignment
Quality insp. and instructions
batch assignment Material 33 Availability check
components
..
.
Material withdrawal 6
6 44 Order release
Insp. lot is created
Create control recipe
55 -> PI sheet
© SAP AG 1999
In PP-PI, you can open a process order based on a master recipe in different ways:
manually using a material
without using a material
from one or more planned orders created in material requirements planning.
The data from the master recipe (in which QM data is also maintained) is copied to the order.
The system checks the availability of the material components.
Depending on how your system is configured in Customizing, an inspection lot is created upon release
of the order.
You can also create the inspection lot manually.
A control recipe is created from the order. The control recipe is sent manually and the person
responsible processes the resulting PI sheet on the process control system.
Materials are withdrawn from stock on the basis of the requirements in the PI sheet.
Quality inspections are made in the production process based on defined inspection points in the recipe.
This results in partial lots to which batch numbers are assigned.
Quantities of materials produced are confirmed and posted to stock.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-5

Inspection During Production: Master Data
PP-PI MM
Master recipe
Insp. lot Material view QM
1234
Material specification QM
Master insp.
insp. character X General characteristic A
Master insp.
insp. character Y General characteristic B
© SAP AG 1999
The inspection requirements for operations and phases are defined in the master recipe. You plan how
and what you want to inspect. You can define QM data at header level and operation level.
The QM view and the QM inspection data must be maintained in the material master record of the
material to be produced. The inspection type Inspect during production must be activated in the material
master record.
Inspection results are transferred only to those general characteristics that are linked to a master
inspection characteristic via the material specification.
The inspection lot is created either manually or automatically upon release of the process order.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-6

Inspection During Production: Master Recipe
Master recipe
Operation/phase
Header
QM data Inspection grid
- Time-related
- Quantity-related Char.
Inspection - Unrestricted Sampling procedure
points
Indicator for last with inspection
partial lot assignment points and insp.
frequency
© SAP AG 1999
There are a number of different settings you have to make in the master recipe.
QM data is maintained in the master recipe header. Here, you set the inspection points indicator.
At operation or phase level, you can define in the inspection grid whether you want the inspection
intervals to be:
time-related
quantity-related
unrestricted.
The sampling procedure determines the inspection frequency.
In the last operation or phase, you can set the indicator Last partial lot assignment so that the order is
confirmed as a partial lot only after all the operations have been executed.
For the inspection characteristic in the operation or phase, you enter which sampling procedure is to be
used.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-7

Inspection During Production: Material Master
QM inspection data
Material view QM
Inspection type details:
Inspection type: Inspection with specification
Inspect in production
Insp. lot
© SAP AG 1999
In the material master record of the material to be produced, there are a number of different settings that
you have to make in the QM view.
Choose the inspection type Inspection during production in the QM inspection data.
Set the following indicators in the inspection type details:
Inspect with specification determines that values are copied from QM to the batch classification.
Inspect with plan causes a plan (recipe in this case), in which the inspection is defined, to be considered.
Characteristic inspection indicates that an inspection is made for characteristics stored in the recipe.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-8

Inspection During Production: Mat. Specification
Material specification
Master insp. charac. 1 General characteristic A
Viscosity 1700 -1780 CP Viscosity 1700 -1780 CP
Master insp. charac. 5 General characteristic B
Covering 0 - 98% Covering 0 - 98%

power power
© SAP AG 1999
General characteristics are linked to master inspection characteristics in the QM master record Material
specification.
The general characteristics are stored in the material master record. Here, you define values allowed for
the material. The general characteristics that are passed on to the batches by inheritance are primarily
important for batch determination.
You create master inspection characteristics in QM and assign them to operations and phases in the
master recipe. Quality inspection results are stored in them as characteristic values.
The aim of linking master inspection characteristics and class characteristics is to transfer the result
values from the quality inspection to the batches automatically.
You assign values to the batch class characteristics during in-production quality inspection.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-9

Coordination of master insp. characteristics
Master recipe Specification
10 Operation 10 Master insp. charac. 1

Viscosity 200 - 2000 CP ? Master insp. charac. 1
Viscosity 1700 -1780 CP
20 Master insp. charac. 2

Temperature ...
?
20 Operation 10 Master insp. charac. 3 Master insp. charac. 5
Covering
Density ... ...
power
pH ...
© SAP AG 1999
You can create master inspection characteristics in QM. You can then include them in the recipe and, if
required, change the interval values.
If the inspection is made using the material specification only, you must maintain the operation data in
Customizing for inspection types.
You can use master inspection characteristics in the master recipe and the material specification at the
same time.
The list of inspection characteristics in the recipe can differ from that in the material specification.
Since the recipe can apply to several materials, it is possible for the interval values here to differ from
those in the material specification.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-10

Coordination of master insp. charac.
Master recipe
10 Operation 10 Master insp. charac. 1 200 - 2000 CP

Insp.
Insp. lot Specification
10 Operation 10 Master insp. charac. 1 Copy Master insp. charac. 1

1700 -1780 CP 1700 -1780 CP
30 Operation 10 Master insp. charac. 4 Copy
9999 Master insp. charac. 5 Master insp. charac. 5
© SAP AG 1999
If you use the master recipe and the material specification together, the total characteristics from the
recipe and the specification form the list of master inspection characteristics for the inspection lot.
If the characteristics' value intervals differ, the system copies the requirements from the material
specification to the inspection lot. The data in the master recipe is suppressed.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-11

Checks in the Production Process
Operation 10 Operation 20 Operation 30

Charge React Discharge
Partial lot 1 Partial lot 1 Partial lot 1

Viscosity
Mat no.
1 Viscosity 303-188
Batch A1
2 Temperature Covering
3 Density power
4 pH value
5
Covering
power
© SAP AG 1999
In the in-process inspection, the inspection characteristics are used in operations and phases in the master
recipe. In this recipe, you can either create inspection characteristics or refer to existing master
inspection characteristics.
By means of a link, the results of the quality inspection can be automatically transferred from the
inspection characteristics to the corresponding general characteristics of the quantity produced.
Values are transferred only between characteristics linked by a material specification.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-12

Creation of Partial Lots
Operation
Operation 10
10 Operation 20
Operation Operation 30
Charge
Charge React
20 React Discharge
1 1 3 3 4 4
2 2 5 5
Inspection
10 ' 20 ' 20 '
point
Partial lot 1
Partial lot 2
© SAP AG 1999
This graphic representation shows the connection between inspection points and partial lots.
If you decided on inspection points in the master recipe, you always record the results in in-production
quality control with reference to them. In contrast to inspection without inspection points, you can record
inspection results for the inspection characteristics of the same operation several times in succession.
For each process order, you can create an inspection lot, splitting it into partial lots if required.
If you do not confirm any (partial) quantities in production or if you do not use inspection points, the
inspection results are recorded for the entire inspection lot.
However, if production is in quantities, the system offers you the option of creating a new partial lot or
of adopting the preceding one at each inspection point.
Your decision should depend on whether different inspection results for the quantities produced require
assignment to separate partial lots.
In the case of a material to be handled in batches, different partial lots later allow separate inventory
management since a batch can be created from each partial lot.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-13

Relationship Between Partial Lots and Batches
Partial lot 1 Partial lot 2 Partial lot 3
Viscosity 1930 cst Viscosity 1950 cst Viscosity 1950 cst

pH value 7.5 pH value 7.5 pH value 7.5
Batch 1 Batch 2
© SAP AG 1999
If several partial lots are created in a production run, a separate batch number can be assigned to each
partial lot. Reference is made to this number upon goods receipt from Production.
In addition, when recording inspection results with inspection points, you can group partial lots for a
batch.
The inspection results of the individual partial lots are of key importance here. If values differ between
the partial lots, it may be advisable to manage the stocks later in separate batches.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-14

Batch Number Assignment
Process order/production order

60000780 Goods receipt
Header level
Batch
Batch A1 A1
Process order/
Goods receipt
prod. order Partial lot 1
60000780
A1 Batch
A1
Insp. lot
1234
Goods receipt
Partial lot 2
A2 Batch
A2
© SAP AG 1999
You can specify the batch number in one of two places for the subsequent goods receipt:
at header level of the process order/production order created if the entire order is confirmed as a single
quantity.
for individual partial lots created for the inspection lot and confirmed as (partial) quantities. A batch
number can be assigned for each partial lot or several partial lots can be grouped under the same batch
number.
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-15

Appendix: Batch Creation: Summary
Understand how batch maintenance is integrated

with Quality Management in production
Explain how production can control batch
creation
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 13-16

Optimized Batch Processing
Contents:
Mass-processing of batches
Batch Information Cockpit: Introduction
Batch Information Cockpit: Screen Layout
Batch Information Cockpit: Navigation Area
Batch Information Cockpit: Selection Area
User Settings
© SAP AG 1999
Optimized Batch Processing: Unit Objectives
Select batches via common attributes

Create worklists for batches
Transfer batches from the where-used list into the
worklist
Process batch master records from within the
worklist
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-2

Optimized Batch Processing: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-3

Optimized Batch Processing: Business Scenario
You want to group together various batches with

common attributes for further processing and take
a look at stock figures and the data in the batch
master record
You also wish to gain a quick overview of the
usage of certain batches
Occasionally, you want to make changes to the
batch master records
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-4

Mass-Processing of Batches
Navigation: Processing:
Selection
result
Details
Batch master record:
Change/Display
Worklist
© SAP AG 1999
Straightforward changing of batch data

You can use the "Mass Processing of Batches" function to select batches on a cross-material and plant
basis and then display and change your data.
Grouping of batches in the worklist folder
You can fill the worklist with any number of batches. To do so, you copy the selection result into the
relevant folder on the initial screen.
To improve handling, you can structure the worklist using worklist folders.
Click on a batch in the selection result area or in the worklist to display the batch data in the right-hand
part of the screen. You can also navigate over and between the batches in the relevant lists.
Worklist folders are organized in Customizing for Batch Management: There you create new folders and
assign them to users.
You can differentiate between public and private worklist folders. Folders can be assigned to any
number of users. The content of a folder that has been designated as "public" can be displayed and
processed by all the users who are assigned to it. A private folder can only be processed by the user
assigned to it.
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-5

Batch Information Cockpit: Introduction
Central tool facilitating extensive access to batch

information.
Designed as a single-screen transaction.
Flexible selection of batches on the basis of material,
batch, stock, shelf life, and classification data (e.g.
classification characteristics, classification status)
Combination of several existing functions
Batch master
Batch where-used List
Shelf life list
Integration of new "Batch Worklist” functionality
© SAP AG 1999
You use the Batch Information Cockpit to

Select batches
Display information relevant to batches
Invoke detail functions (batch master, batch where-used list)
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-6

Batch Information Cockpit: Screen Layout
Navigation: Area for

selection
Batch selection on the basis of
Worklist
certain material, batch, stock,
shelf life, and classification data
Selection
result
or processing:
Batch master record
Stock
Batch usage
© SAP AG 1999
Selection
You can choose the selection setting you wish to work with.
You define user-group-specific selection settings in Customizing for Batch Management.
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-7

Batch Information Cockpit: Navigation Area
Flexibly adjustable via user settings

Navigation:
1. Sub-area:
Selection result: batches Selection
Focus on the batch definition of the result
selected batches
2. Sub-area:
Selection result: stock
Stock
Focus on the stock situation of the
selected batches
3. Sub-area:
Batch worklist Worklist
Option of filling and processing within
the Cockpit
© SAP AG 1999
Hierarchical or list display can be chosen in the first two sub-areas.

For the navigation area, you can:
Deactivate individual sub-areas
Specify the sequence of sub-areas
Determine which sub-areas are to initially be open
Specify whether the selection result "batches" or "stock" is initially to
be shown as a list
You can freely determine the width of the navigation area.
You can specify the form in which the material is to be shown in the navigation area (material number,
material short description)
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-8

Batch Information Cockpit: Selection Area
Batch Info Cockpit Edit Utilities System Help
Batch Information Cockpit
List Selection Result in folder Restart Details
Selection result: batches

5 batches found Selection (SAP standard)
Y-351 Reset all selection criteria
C1 FE
Material Batch Classification Stock Usage
List
Reset selection criteria
Selection result: stock
5 stocks found
Material
Y-351
Plant
Batch
Material type
Industry
Batch worklist Division
Standard folder (16 batches) Valuation category
Mat. planner
BMBC iwdf5070 INS
© SAP AG 1999
Selection of any required batch information

Flexibly definable in Customizing:
Deactivation of individual selection tabs
Changing the title of selection tabs
Adding own selection fields to the selection tabs (tables MARA; MARC; MARD; MCHA; MCHB;
MKOL; MSLB; MSKU; MSKA; MSPR)
Directly influences the grouping and sequence of the display fields in the navigation area
Answers to concrete questions in the batch environment, such as:
Which batch has the status "Unrestricted"?
Which batches must be used because their shelf lives have nearly expired?
Which "unrestricted" batch stocks exist for a product group and how are the batches specified?
Which batch stocks exist within a certain materials planner's area of responsibility?
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-9

User Settings
Batch Information Cockpit
Start settings
User group assignment
User group selection SAP 1
Navigation area
Active Sequence Display List
Selection result: batches 1
Selection result: stock 2
Batch worklist 3
Width of navigation area Detail function

Width in mm 70 Standard detail function BMAN
Current settings
Material format Deactivate confirmation prompt
Material number when copying to worklist
Material no. (matl description) when deleting from worklist
Material no. (matl description)
Material descr. Database selection
Maximum no. of batches 100
© SAP AG 1999
Possibility of adjusting and storing Cockpit settings on a user-specific basis

Examples:
Determining a selection setting
Deactivating individual navigation areas
Determining the width of the navigation area
Showing the material as the material number and/or the material's short description
...
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-10

Optimized Batch Processing: Summary

Select batches via common attributes
Create worklists for batches
Transfer batches from the where-used list into the
worklist
Process batch master records from within the
worklist
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-11

Optimized Batch Processing: Exercises
Unit: Optimized Batch Processing

Topic: Batch Information Cockpit
At the conclusion this exercise, you will be able to:

• Manage worklists
• Select and process batches
• Analyze and evaluate information about batch usage and the
stock situation
Every day you work with batches that have certain properties and
have to monitor and occasionally change stock and batch data. To
make your job easier, you wish to create worklists of batches that
are to be processed. You can then work on these batches later, at
your convenience.
1-1 Managing the worklist

1-1-1 Take a look at the defined worklist folders in Customizing. What is the
significance of the Public indicator?
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Optional: Create your own private folder.

1-1-2 Assign your user to the public folder PUBL.
Optional: Assign your user to your newly created private folder.
1-2 Using the Batch Information Cockpit

1-2-1 Call up the Batch Information Cockpit transaction. Select batches of materials
in plant 1100 that begin with the letter T and end with your group number. The
materials should also belong to the class N-003 and not be classified.
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-12

1-2-2 In the Selection Results: Batches area, select the two materials lauryl alcohol
and lemon juice and copy all batches of these two materials into your private
folder (standard folder or the one you created yourself). You can also select
further materials or batches in the selection area and move them to the public
folder.
1-2-3 Now exit the Batch Information Cockpit transaction and immediately call it up
again. What is the content of the public and private folders?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
1-2-4 Select all batches of the materials Y-500-XX and 350-100 in plant 1100.
Switch to the list display in the Selection Result: Stock area.
1-2-5 Display the unrestricted stocks in the Selection Result: Stock area.
Sort the selected batches by the status Unrestricted.
Add up the quantities of unrestricted stock. What is the total stock figure?
____________________________________
1-2-6 In the Selection Result area, select batch C4 of material 350-100 and obtain
information on the usage of this batch.
1-2-7 Make an entirely new selection for batches of material Y-500-XX in plant 1100
whose shelf life is due to expire in the next 100 days. Make sure that the
remaining shelf life is shown as the exact number of days in each case. Which
symbol is used to identify batches whose shelf life will expire within the next
100 days in the Selection Result area?
________________________________________
1-2-8 Change the status of critical batches to restricted.
1-3 Optional: Batch Information Cockpit: User Settings

1-3-1 Call up the Batch Information Cockpit transaction again.
Configure the Batch Information Cockpit with the aid of user settings according
to the following criteria:
• Deactivate the Selection Result: Stock
• Arrange the Worklist: Batches and Selection Result: Batches in such a way that the Worklist:
Batches is displayed above the Selection Result: Batches.
• Widen the navigation area to 100 mm.
• Change the material display to Material number (Material short description).
• Save the user settings.
1-3-2 Check the current setting in the Cockpit.
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-13

Optimized Batch Processing: Solutions
Unit: Optimized Batch Processing

Topic: Batch Information Cockpit
1-1 Managing the worklist

1-1-1 Take a look at the defined worklist folders in Customizing.
Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project,
Goto → Display SAP Reference IMG,
Logistics General → Batch Management → Tools → Worklist → Define Worklist
Folders
What is the significance of the Public indicator?

You can differentiate between public and private worklist folders. Folders can be
assigned to any number of users. The content of a folder that has been designated as
Public can be displayed and processed by all the users who are assigned to it. A private
folder can only be processed by the user assigned to it.
1-1-2 Assign your user to the public folder PUBL.
Logistics General → Batch Management → Tools → Worklist → Assign Worklist
Folders to Users
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-14

1-2 Using the Batch Information Cockpit
1-2-1 Call up the Batch Information Cockpit transaction.
Logistics→ Central Functions → Batch Management → Tools → Batch
Information Cockpit
Tab Field name Values

Material Material T*##
Plant 1100
Classification Batch class N-003
Classification Not classified
status
Execute selection button.
1-2-2 In the Selection Result area in the left-hand part of the navigation area,
select the two materials lauryl alcohol and lemon juice. To do so, hold
down the control key while selecting the two materials with the left-hand
mouse button. Then click on the Selection in folder button and choose
the relevant folder (standard folder or new folder of your own). You can
also select further materials or batches in the selection area and move
them to the public folder.
1-2-3 New call of the Batch Information Cockpit transaction. What are the
contents of the public and private folders?
The private folder should contain the batches of the two materials copied there
in exercise 1-2-2. The public folder contains batches copied into it by both
yourself and other course participants.
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-15

1-2-4 Select all batches of the materials
Y-500-XX and 350-100 in plant 1100.
Material Material Y-500-XX
350-100
Plant 1100
Switch to the list display in the Selection Result: Stock area.
Activate the Selection Result: Stock area via the relevant icon or through the
menu via Batch Info Cockpit – Display Selection Result: Stock. Use the icon
with the magnifying glass to enlarge the stock overview.
In the Selection Result: Stock area, click the Display as list button.
1-2-5 Select the Unrestricted-use column and click the Sort in ascending order
icon.
Select the Unrestricted-use column and click the Total icon. What is the
total stock figure? 10,901 kg
1-2-6 In the Selection Result area, select batch C4 of material 350-100. If the
batch master record is displayed in the right-hand frame, navigate to the
batch where-used list via Details – Where used.
1-2-7 Make a completely new selection by clicking the Selection button at the
top of the right-hand frame.
Material Material Y-500-XX
Plant 1100
Shelf life Remaining shelf 100
life
Format of Exact number of
remaining shelf days
life
Batches whose shelf life is due to expire within the next 100 days are identified
by a yellow color signal. A red color signal appears next to batches whose shelf
lives have expired. Batches whose shelf life exceeds the 100 days specified as
selection criterion are identified by a green signal.
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-16

1-2-8 You can invoke detailed data on a certain batch by clicking on the
relevant batch in the Selection area. If you see the batch where-used
list, you can view the batch master data via Detail -> Batch master. You
can switch to change mode via the Display/Change icon. In this mode,
you can change the batch status to Restricted. You can process further
batches by clicking the Next batch button or by selecting the next batch
in the Selection Result area.
1-3 Optional: Batch Information Cockpit: User Settings

1-3-1 Configure the Batch Information Cockpit with the aid of user settings.
Logistics→ Central Functions → Batch Management → Tools → Batch
Information Cockpit
Utilities → User Settings
(C) SAP AG LO955 14-17

Introduction to Batch-specific Units of Measure
Contents:
Batch-specific Units of Measure: Differences
Using Active Ingredients
Physical Quantity and Active Ingredient Quantity
Calculating the Quantity
Prices for Active Ingredients
Planned and Actual Active Ingredient Proportions
Using Batch-Specific Units of Measure
Batch-Specific Calculation of the Product Quantity
© SAP AG 1999
Batch-Specific Units of Measure: Objectives
Describe the business background to active

ingredient management and product quantity
management
Understand the most important issues and
influencing factors involved in active ingredient
management using product units
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-2

Batch-specific Material UoMs: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-3

Batch-specific Material UoMs: Business Scenario
Your company wishes to be able to measure and

show the active ingredients of materials within the
physical quantity of these materials, and to use
them for goods movements.
Your company would like to be able to use certain
materials not only in the base unit of measure but
also in alternative units, even if the conversion
ratios between the latter and the base unit
occasionally fluctuate. Even in such cases, it must
be possible to show and use the conversion ratio
between the two units of measure correctly for all
stocks.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-4

Batch-Specific Units of Measure: Differences
Batch-
Batch-specific units of measure
Product units
Active
ingredients
© SAP AG 1999
The batch-specific material unit is an alternative unit of measure of a material, for which you can define
the conversion ratio into the base unit of measure on a batch-specific basis.
While the conversion ratio for the other alternative units of measure is fixed in the material master, for
batch-specific material units, you have to define:
The planned conversion ratio in the material master
The actual conversion ratio into the base unit of measure in the batch master
You use batch-specific units of measure when the ratio for conversion from the unit of measure into the
base unit of measure can differ from batch to batch.
These alternative units of measure include:
Proportion unit – this is the unit of measure in which you can enter proportions of the base unit of a
material. The total or physical quantity can consist of several proportions.
Product unit – this unit of measure describes the total quantity of a material as an alternative to the
base unit of measure. For example, one piece of a particular batch weighs 10 kilograms in total or is a
pipe of 1250 millimeters in length.
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-5

Use of Active Ingredients
© SAP AG 1999
Active ingredients or concentrates are encountered above all in the production of basic materials in the
following industries:
Chemicals
Pharmaceuticals
Cosmetics
Foodstuffs
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-6

Physical Quantity and Active Ingredient Quantity
Full Full
quantity: quantity:
500l 500l
50%a.i. 90%a.i. Full

quantity:
500l
92%a.i.
w 45
Withdra
liters of
alcohol!
© SAP AG 1999
If active ingredients are not suitable for storage on their own, they are stored together with carrier
materials. A combination of a carrier material and an active ingredient is called a physical quantity or a
weighed quantity. The terms mixed quantity and telquel quantity are also common.
The situation is similar if materials contain impurities of varying degrees.
The amount of active ingredient in a material is its active ingredient quantity.
The potency (of active ingredient) varies within a material to a certain degree.
A material can contain more than one different active ingredient.
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-7

Full quantity:
500l
50 90% a.i.
Full quantity:
500l
92% a.i.
45 : X = 90 : 100
© SAP AG 1999
A certain amount of active ingredient is usually required, whether it is needed to manufacture a product
or to deliver goods to a customer.
Only the physical quantity (or the mixture) can be weighed, measured, or removed.
You can calculate how much physical quantity corresponds to an active ingredient quantity using a
simple rule of three.
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-8

Prices for Active Ingredients
45 g fat
85%a.i. Contains
100
I.U.
© SAP AG 1999
The price of products containing active ingredients is normally based on the active ingredient potency.
Thus, insulin and penicillin are sold in units that reflect their potency.
The covering property of a color is an important factor in determining its grade. The dilution of an acidic
solution with a valueless carrier substance gives you the percentage of active ingredient in the acidic
solution.
For example, a skimmed milk product is cheaper than a product made with full-fat milk.
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-9

Planned and Actual Active Ingredient Proportions
Act. values
June
Planned values
May
Order
91% 92%
90%
© SAP AG 1999
The actual active ingredient proportion in a mixture can only be known when the mixture actually exists.
Until this point, however, a certain active ingredient proportion for a product is required. This planned
value is replaced by the actual value as soon as it is known.
This is what a customer may assume about an acid concentrate for a product when ordering, for
example. He or she uses the available price list as a guide. However, the concentrate in question is
represented only by a planned value. The actual value will only be known for sure when the concentrate
is actually delivered.
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-10

Use of Product Units
© SAP AG 1999
Product units are used above all in the following industries:

Steel
Aluminium
Paper
Wood
Textiles
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-11

Batch-Specific Calculation of the Product Quantity
Material 4711 Planned value:

Base UoM KG 1 pc = 300 kg
Alternative UoM Pc 1 coil = 600 kg
Batch Coil1 1 pc = 305 kg

1 coil = 610 kg
Batch Coil2 1 pc = 297 kg

1 coil = 594 kg
© SAP AG 1999
The product unit describes the total quantity of a material as an alternative to the base unit of measure.
For example, one particular piece of a material weighs 305 kilograms in total or is a coil weighing 610
kilograms.
The actual conversion factor of a batch is not usually known until goods are received.
Until the conversion factor is known, the system uses the planned values for the material, which are
defined in the material master record. This planned value is replaced by the actual value as soon as it is
known.
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-12

Batch-Specific Units of Measure: Summary
Describe the business background to batch-

specific material units of measure
Understand the most important issues and
influencing factors involved in active ingredient
management using product units
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 15-13

Integration of Batch-specific Units of Measure
Contents:
Batch Management as Prerequisite
Batch-specific UoMs as an Attribute of a Batch
Batch-specific Units of Measure in Logistics
© SAP AG 1999
Integration: Unit Objectives
Outline the assumptions underlying the design

of the batch-specific material units of measure
Explain how the new functionality is integrated
into the data environment of batch management
and existing logistics processes
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-2

Integration: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-3

Integration: Business Scenario
In your company, it must be possible to use batch-

specific units of measure in all Logistics
applications.
You want to ascertain how this process is realized
in the SAP System.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-4

Batch Management Requirement as Prerequisite
Act. ingr. material Material with product unit
1 pc = 100 KG 1 pc = 150 KG
29 g/kg 31 g/kg
X Y
A B Batch Batch
Batch Batch
© SAP AG 1999
The active ingredient proportion of a material can fluctuate. The proportional variance is usually higher
in the case of raw materials than in that of finished products.
The conversion factor between the alternative unit of measure and the base unit of measure can also
fluctuate.
Stocks of a material with varying active ingredient proportions or conversion factors between the
alternative unit and the base unit of measure have to be managed separately. You can manage these
stocks separately in terms of both quantity and value.
This goal is easily achieved through the use of Batch Management.
For this reason, active ingredient proportions can only be reproduced in the R/3 system for materials that
are subject to a batch management requirement. The use of Batch Management is an essential
prerequisite for the use of Active Ingredient Management and Product Quantity Management.
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-5

Batch-specific UoMs as an Attribute of a Batch
Batch-specific
Contains 2.5
unit 1 PC
milligrams platinum
equals
/KG
110 KG
A
Batch
Expires on Melting point at

12.31.99 45° C
© SAP AG 1999
The specification contains the description of the batch. It may also contain measured values and quality
characteristics, plus details concerning the usability of the batch and whether it is locked. Important date
specifications may also be included, such as the expiration date and the last goods receipt date, and so
on.
The active ingredient proportion is one of the criteria that should be used to differentiate between
batches of the same material. For this reason it is integrated into the batch specification.
Likewise, the conversion factor between alternative units of measure and base units of measure in a
batch forms a characteristic, which can be valuated differently from batch to batch.
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-6

Batch management
Classification
© SAP AG 1999
In the R/3 System, batch-specific units of measure (active ingredient management and product units) are
handled in Batch Management.
The active ingredient potency of a batch is stored in the batch's specification along with the batch-
specific ratio between the alternative unit of measure and the base unit of measure.
Batch Management uses those features found in the classification system. The characteristic values in
the batch classification form the specification.
To use batch-specific units of measure, you must have Batch Management set up, the class system must
be in use, and the material concerned must be able to be handled in batches.
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-7

Batch-specific Units of Measure in Logistics
Batch-
Batch-specific UoM
Batch management
Procurement Production SD
Warehouse mgmt Warehouse mgmt

A A
B B
A
A A
Process/
Purch. order Sales order
production
W/house order W/house
© SAP AG 1999
The use of batch-specific units of measure is a function in Logistics that covers more than one
application. The active ingredient potency of a batch or the conversion factor between the batch's two
units of measure is managed throughout the logistics chain.
Differentiated prices for the alternative unit of measure can also be taken into account when valuating
the inventory and determining the sales price.
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-8

Integration: Summary

Outline the assumptions underlying the design
of the batch-specific material units of measure
Explain how the new functionality is integrated
into the data environment of batch management
and existing logistics processes
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 16-9

Data Concept in Active Ingredient Management
Contents:
The Central Unit of Measure for Active Ingredients
Relationship Between Units of Measure
Maintenance of Units of Measurement in Customizing
Percentage and User-defined Calculation
Linking of Master Data I
Linking of Master Data II
Active Ingredient Content in the Specification
Active Ingredient Characteristic: Special Features
Classification Maintenance in the Material Master
Maintenance of Units of Measure in the Material Master
Activating Active Ingredient Management in Customizing
© SAP AG 1999
Data Concept: Unit Objectives
Describe the central role of proportion units

within active ingredient management
List the most important steps for maintaining
data in active ingredient management
Define units of measure and convert quantities
from one unit into another
Understand how the active ingredient content
forms part of the batch specification
Maintain active ingredient characteristics and
batch classes
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-2

Data Concept: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-3

Data Concept: Business Scenario
Your company wishes to use Active Ingredient

Management. Employees of the company
familiarize themselves with the system
requirements with regard to Customizing and the
setting up of master data.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-4

The Central Unit of Measure for Active Ingredients
Proportion unit
BOM
Sales
Inventory
mgmt
C B
Purchasing A B
B
© SAP AG 1999
The proportion unit can be seen as a core element which is found throughout the applications and is used
to reproduce the active ingredient potency of a material.
The conversion between the proportion unit and the base unit of measure is continuously maintained in
the background and can be displayed by each of the respective applications.
The physical quantity is measured in base units of measure, whereas the active ingredient is measured in
proportion units.
In Logistics you may thus enter the active ingredient quantity instead of the physical quantity.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-5

Proportion unit
Ratio
Grams of act.
ingr. GAI
Grams of active
ingredient per =
liter
Base unit of measure
G/L
Liter
L
© SAP AG 1999
The base unit of measure is the leading unit of measure for a material containing active ingredients. The
postings are carried out in this unit. If an entry is made in a proportion unit, the system converts this to
the base unit of measure before posting.
The proportion unit relates to the active ingredient. If several active ingredients have to be represented
for a material, different proportion units must also be defined in order to be able to clearly differentiate
between the ingredients.
You define a conversion ratio in order to convert quantities between the proportion unit and the base unit
of measure. This ratio constitutes a separate unit of measurement.
In this example, the active ingredient is measured in grams. GAI has been defined as the proportion unit,
i.e. for the specific purpose of "measuring an active ingredient".
The grams of active ingredient relate to one liter of the physical quantity.
This ratio is recorded in the unit of measurement G/L.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-6

Maint. of Units of Measurement in Customizing
L Liter Dimension Volume
GC Grams of concentrate
Units of meas. Nondimensional
GCL Grams of concentrate/liter
Should be treated
as...
GC Grams of concentrate Gram

Proportion units
Measures an act. ingr.
© SAP AG 1999
All units of measurement to be used in Active Ingredient Management must have previously been
defined in Customizing.
Units of measurement to be used as proportion units may not be assigned to a dimension.
In Customizing for Active Ingredient Management, a unit of measurement is assigned the role of the
proportion unit. Active ingredients are measured in it.
Some of the most common units of measurement for active ingredients are supplied with the standard
system. However, a self-chosen definition for an active ingredient proportion can be entered as a unit of
measurement at any time and designated an allowed proportion unit. To facilitate conversion into a
standard unit of measure, the self-defined unit of measurement is assigned a reference.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-7

Percentage and User-defined Calculation
% calculation User-def. calculation
Characteristic
units of
measure
measure the active
ingredient
proportion in
relation to the base
unit of measure
© SAP AG 1999
If the active ingredient proportion for a batch is known, the active ingredient quantity can be calculated
from the base quantity. The relationship between the potency of the active ingredient and the base
quantity is stored in Customizing, and allocated to a characteristic unit of measurement.
If the relationship is measured by percentage, the conversion is specified by definition.
If the relationship is user-defined, any formula can be stored that describes the relationship between
proportion unit and base unit of measure.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-8

Linking of Master Data I
Characteristic
act. ingr. cont.
A
A
Batch 1
Batch 2 A
Batch 3
Batch class
Specification
passed on
Material
© SAP AG 1999
The active ingredient content of a material forms part of its specification.

If this content is not constant, the material stocks with different specifications should be managed
separately from each other. This is achieved in the R/3 system through use of Batch Management. Each
batch has its own specification.
Batch specifications are stored in characteristics of the Classification System. For this reason, the ratio
between the active ingredient and the base quantity is linked to a characteristic, and the active ingredient
content stored as the value assigned to the characteristic. The ratio thus becomes the unit of
measurement of the characteristic.
The active ingredient characteristic contains information regarding which active ingredient is involved
and the relationship between the proportion of the physical quantity the ingredient represents and the
base unit of measure.
The ratio between the active ingredient content and the physical quantity is stored in a batch
characteristic and thus becomes part of the specification.
The material transfers the information to its batches.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-9

Linking of Master Data II
Material master
View Ratio G/L

I = Ingr. Characteristic
act. ingr. cont.
Unit of
meas. G/L
Batch class
GAI <=> L
© SAP AG 1999
Active ingredient characteristics are assigned the special view 'S' within the batch class.
Characteristics with this view are recognized during material master maintenance. The information for
conversion beween active ingredient and physical quantity is adopted in the material master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-10

Active Ingredient Content in the Specification
Material master
Density
Batch Density 1.1g/ccm
0.1 - 5 g/ccm
Act. ingr. cont. Act. ingr.

content 22 G/L
20 - 23.5 G/L
Covering power
Covering 80 %
power
50 - 100 %
© SAP AG 1999
In Batch Management in the R/3 System, the material passes on its specification to the batch. Depending
on the system settings, either it is mandatory for the batch values to lie within the limits defined in the
material master or these values are merely taken as defaults from that source.
Since the active ingredient content is part of the specification of the material and its individual batches,
the same logic applies. The active ingredient contents of the individual batches are checked against the
data in the material master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-11

Active Ingredient Characteristic: Special Features
Which active ingredient ? Citrus aroma

type 8334
Data type: numeric!
GAI
What is the ratio? G/L =
L
Value assgt.: single value!
© SAP AG 1999
The characteristic description specifies the active ingredient to which the data relates. In this way, a
unique assignment is created. For this reason, you should define one characteristic for each active
ingredient.
The relationship between active ingredient content and physical quantity must be specified as a unit of
measurement when you create the characteristic.
The characteristic must be numeric and have a single value.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-12

View:
Classification
Shelf life expiration date
Material
Class type: Batches
Act. ingr. content
Class for 'fruit Citrus aroma
juices' 0.2 - 0.4 G/L
Flavors
- Orange
- Lemon
© SAP AG 1999
The active ingredient characteristic is assigned to the batch class and a value is assigned to it in the
material master.
As in the case of other batch characteristics, you can specify either an interval or a discrete value.
The entry in the material master is the planned value that is either mandatory or optional depending on
how the classification data has been maintained.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-13

Maintaining Units of Measurement in Mat. Master
View:
Proportion/product unit of measure
Char. Pl. value UoM Prop. unit

Citrus
0.3 G/L Grams/liter GAI
aroma
Material
GK <=> L
X Prop. unit <=> Y Base UoM
30 GC <=> 100 Liter
© SAP AG 1999
After the classification view has been maintained, any active ingredient characteristics are known to the
system.
You must complete the information in the Proportion/Product Unit view: The system expects a planned
value for the active ingredient proportion.
The planned value specifies the assumed mixing ratio between active ingredient and physical quantity in
the characteristic unit of measurement.
If the actual active ingredient content of a batch is not known for a certain transaction, the system uses
the planned value from the material master.
The planned value for the conversion between active ingredient and physical quantity is transferred to
the units of measure table automatically.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-14

Activating Active Ingredient Mgmt in Customizing
Activate
Material
active ingredient mgmt?
Yes
© SAP AG 1999
You can make several Customizing settings for Active Ingredient Management in the system before the
component is activated.
After the component is activated, the active ingredient data is ready to be maintained in the material
master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-15

Data Concept: Summary
Describe the central role of proportion units

within active ingredient management
Explain how units of measure are defined and
how to convert quantities from one unit into
another
Understand how the active ingredient content
forms part of the batch specification
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-16

Data Concept in Active Ingredient Management-1 Exercises
Unit: Data Concept in Active Ingredient

Management
Topic: Creating Proportion Units and Conversion
Ratios
• Create your own units of measurement and define them as
proportion units and conversion ratios
You have a material that contains a key active ingredient. You

want to change the logistical processing of the material. You want
to be able to use both the material quantity, as you have done up
to now, and also the quantity of active ingredient that the material
contains. You want to achieve this objective using Active
Ingredient Management. You need a separate unit of
measurement for the active ingredient, and you must enter the
ratio between active ingredient quantity and physical quantity.
You begin by maintaining Customizing.
1-1 Create a unit of measurement (for the active ingredient)
Create a separate unit of measurement for your active ingredient that is to serve as a
proportion unit. Remember that this unit must be nondimensional. If you define your
own entry, enter a key ending with your group number (for example, A##). The entry
must not be longer than three characters. The entry of an ISO code on the Details
screen for the unit of measurement is not mandatory.
1-2 Create a unit of measurement (for the characteristic or the ratio of active ingredient to
base unit of measure)
Create another unit of measurement for the ratio between physical quantity and active
ingredient quantity. Do not use percentage ratios. Enter a key ending with your group
number (for example, V##). The entry must not be longer than three characters. The
entry of an ISO code on the Details screen for the unit of measurement is not
mandatory.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-17

1-3 Define proportion unit
Assign the unit of measurement from 1-1 [A##] the role of the proportion unit. Enter
the unit of measurement in the table of proportion units and choose a suitable reference
unit.
1-4 Define ratio unit
Define the ratio between physical quantity and active ingredient quantity for the unit of
measurement from 1-2 [V##]. To do this, use the proportion unit defined in 1-1, and an
appropriate base unit of measure of your choice (see note below).
Make sure that the component B is managed in the base unit

of measure KG (kilogram). The base unit of measure that
you use in the ratio should belong to the same dimension
(mass).
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-18


Management
Topic: Creating Master Data in the Classification
System
• Maintain active ingredient characteristics and batch classes
You want to specify the expected active ingredient content in the

material master record. You want to show the actual active
ingredient content of each individual batch in the system. To do
this, you must maintain master data for the active ingredient in
the classification system.
1-1 Create active ingredient characteristic

In the classification system, create a characteristic that satisfies the following
requirements:
• The key should end with your group number.
• The active ingredient should be clearly designated in the characteristic description.
• The status should be released.
• The data type should be numerical.
• The characteristic value assignment should consist of a single value.
In the previous exercise, you defined a unit of measurement for a conversion
ratio between physical quantity and active ingredient quantity.
• Use this unit of measurement as the unit for your characteristic.
• Enter all other format data as desired.
• Define a value interval for the characteristic.
1-2 Assign active ingredient characteristic to class

Data has already been prepared for your group.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-19

Assign your characteristic to your class AICL00010## for the view S.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-20


Management
Topic: Material Master Maintenance from the
Active Ingredient Management Viewpoint
• Extend the batch classification in the material master
• Use proportion units and maintain planned values
You want to maintain the active ingredient data for a material.

You want to store an allowed value interval for the active
ingredient content of batches in the material master record. You
want to enter a planned value for the active ingredient content in
the material master.
1-1 Maintain active ingredient data for a material
Check the data sheet to see which materials have been prepared for your group. Choose
AI-1202-0##. Change the material.
1-1-1 Complete the classification data. Assign values to your active ingredient
characteristic.
1-1-2 Enter data in the Proportion/Product Unit view. To use the proportion unit,
you must first:
• Assign a planned value to the ratio active ingredient/physical quantity.
• Choose a proportion unit
1-1-3 Check the conversion ratio in the unit of measure table in the material master.
• Active Ingredient Management is activated in the

training system.
• In your batch class, the application view S is set in the
basis data.
• A batch management requirement and individual batch
valuation have been specified for your material master
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-21

record AI-1202-0##.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-22

Data Concept in Active Ingredient Management-1 Solutions

Management
Topic: Creating Proportion Units and Conversion
Ratios
1-1 Create a unit of measurement (for the active ingredient)

Customizing (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project Goto → SAP
Reference IMG)
Global Settings → Check units of measurement
Pushbutton Units of measurement (nondimensional)
Unit of measurement - Create

Internal unit of measurement A##
Commercial format A##
Technical format A##
Unit of measurement text, commercial For example, ‘active
ingredient’
Unit of measurement text, For example, ‘AI’
technical
1-2 Create a unit of measurement (for the characteristic or the ratio of active ingredient to
base unit of measure)
Reference IMG)
Pushbutton Units of measurement (nondimensional)

Internal unit of measurement V##
Commercial format V##
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-23

Technical format V##
Unit of measurement text, commercial For example, ‘active
ingredient proportion’
Unit of measurement text, For example, ‘AIP’
technical
1-3 Define proportion unit

Reference IMG)
Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch-Specific Material Units of
Measure → Edit Batch-Specific Material Units of Measure
Make a new entry for the unit of measure A##. It should be capable of being used as a
proportion unit. Also enter A## as the reference unit of measure. However, you can
also enter kilogram4.

Proportion/product unit of measure A##
Reference unit A## or KG

Reference IMG)
Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch-Specific Material Unit of
Measure → Calculate Proportional Factors → Define Calculation of Proportional
Quantity from Base Quantity
Pushbutton New entry

Unit of measurement of V##
characteristic
Proportion/product unit A##
4
In this way, you could measure a characteristic in percent and specify in the material master that the
A## proportion is thus to be measured in relation to kilograms. Step 1-4 would not then apply.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-24

Base unit of measure KG
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-25


Management
Topic: Creating Master Data in the Classification
System
1-1 Create active ingredient characteristic

or
Note the instructions in the exercise text.

or
Class → Change
Assign your characteristic to your class AICL00010## for the view S.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-26

Management
Topic: Material Master Maintenance from the
Active Ingredient Management Viewpoint
1-1 Maintain active ingredient data for a material

or
1-1-1 In the Classification view, assign values to the active ingredient characteristic.
1-1-2 In the Basic Data view, under Additional data, choose the Proportion/Product
Unit view. Enter A in the Units meas. use field. Enter the required data.

Planned value Any, but must be within the
allowed range for the
characteristic
Proportion/product unit A## (new proportion unit in
which the active ingredient is
measured)
1-1-3 In the Proportion/Product Unit view, click the tab page button and choose
Units of measure.
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-27

• Active Ingredient Management is activated in the
training system.
Customizing (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing
→ Edit Project. Goto → SAP Reference IMG)
Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch-
Specific Material Units of Measure → Activate Batch-
Specific Material Unit of Measure
• In your batch class, the application view S is set in the
basis data.
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management
→ Environment → Classification System → Master
Data → Classes
• A batch management requirement and individual batch
valuation have been specified for your material master
record AI-1202-0##.
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management
→ Environment → Material Master → Material →
Create
Purchasing view (Batch mgmt reqmt indicator)
Accounting view (Valuation category indicator = X)
(C) SAP AG LO955 17-28

Active Ingredient Prices
Contents:
Standard Price per Active Ingredient
Valuation of Single Batches Based on Act. Ingredients
Valuation Based on Several Active Ingredients
Sales Price Based on Active Ingredients
© SAP AG 1999
Active Ingredient Prices: Unit Objectives
Create a valuation record for an active

ingredient
Base the valuation price of a batch on
individual prices for the active ingredients
Create a price condition record for an active
ingredient
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-2

Active Ingredient Prices: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-3

Active Ingredient Prices: Business Scenario
Your company needs to value and price its batches

by the amount of active ingredient the batch
contains.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-4

Standard Price per Active Ingredient
Proportion unit
Valuation
area
Material
Orange juice 1000 GAI
Standard 0.50 per proportion unit

price:
© SAP AG 1999
You can store a valuation price for an active ingredient in a valuation record.
The price is always a standard price. It is calculated by combining the material number of the material
containing the active ingredient, the valuation area, and the proportion unit in which the active ingredient
is measured.
The name of the active ingredient cannot be entered. This means that if you want to carry out evaluations
in a material based on several active ingredients, you must use different proportion units.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-5

Valuation of Single Batches Based on Act. Ingredients
$0.50 per
A
GAI (gram
Batch 2
of active
ingred.)
Physical quantity: 100 L
A Actual proportion of active

Batch 1A ingredient: 0.3 G/L
Batch 3
Active ingredient quantity:
30 GAI
Valuation of single Value of active
batches ingredient: $15
X Standard price of batch: 0.15 / L
Material
© SAP AG 1999
Valuation for a single batch is a prerequisite if you wish to calculate a valuation price based on the active
ingredient.
The active ingredient price is taken from the corresponding valuation record. It is a standard price and
does not change. Price fluctuations between batches can occur if they have different potencies of active
ingredient.
The active ingredient characteristic for a batch is assigned values using the active ingredient proportion.
This yields the active ingredient quantity contained in the batch stock.
If you multiply the quantity with the active ingredient price, you get the value of the batch stock.
You get the standard price per base unit of measure for each batch in relation to the physical quantity.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-6

Valuation Based on Several Active Ingredients
View:
Material Proportion/product unit of measure
Char. Pl. value UoM Prop. unit Valuated prop.

Citrus aroma 0.3 G/L Gram/liter GAI
Fruit juice Percent

10 % GK
concentrate
Σ
Act. ingr. value, citrus aroma
Total value of
Active ingr. value: fruit batch
juice concentrate
© SAP AG 1999
For each active ingredient that is to be assigned an active ingredient price, the Valuated proportion
indicator must be set in the material master record.
You can flag several active ingredients in a material as Valuated proportion. The sum of all the
individual active ingredient values then constitute the total batch value.
This value in relation to the batch stock in the base unit of measure yields the standard price for the
batch.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-7

Sales Price Based on Active Ingredients
Condition unit = Proportion unit
Customer price of active

ingredient:
Sales $0.50 per 1 GAI
© SAP AG 1999
The condition record can be defined on the basis of the proportion unit. This means that you can base the
sales price either on the physical quantity or the active ingredient quantity.
The sales price based on the active ingredient quantity is calculated as follows:
The actual active ingredient quantity is calculated for each split item in the delivery.
The active ingredient quantities are added together.
The sales price is taken for the cumulated active ingredients.
The sales price can be composed of the individual prices of several different active ingredients.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-8

Active Ingredient Prices: Unit Summary

Create a valuation record for an active
ingredient
Base the valuation price of a batch on
individual prices for the active ingredients
Create a price condition record for an active
ingredient
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-9

Active Ingredient Prices Exercises
Unit: Active Ingredient Prices

Topic: Valuation Price and Sales Price for an Active
Ingredient

• Allow characteristic value assignment for an active ingredient
in the material master
• Create a valuation record for an active ingredient
• Create a price condition record for an active ingredient
You want to valuate a single batch of a material. This valuation
only takes one active ingredient into account. You must maintain
the material master and specify a standard price for the active
ingredient in the system. You want to store a sales price for the
active ingredient and therefore base a price condition on this
active ingredient.
1-1 Valuation based on active ingredients
You need a valuation record for material AI-1202-0## that is based on the active
ingredient proportion. You know that the valuation for a single batch function is active
for this material. Check this if you are not sure.
Flag the active ingredient as a valuated proportion.
Change your material again.

Go to the Proportion/Product Unit view:
Flag your active ingredient as a valuated proportion.
1-2 Create a valuation record for the active ingredient.
Do this for material AI-1202-0## and the proportion unit you have created. The plant is
specified on the data sheet.
Enter a measured standard price for your active ingredient. Note how the system
recalculates the standard price for the material.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-10

1-3 Post an ‘other’ goods receipt of 1000 KG each to two new batches of material AI-
1202-0##. In one of the batches, do not assign characteristic values. In the other batch,
enter a value that is different from the planned value of the active ingredient.
1-4 Call up the stock overview for material AI-1202-0##.
Display the material in base units of measure and in proportion units (A##). Hint:
Select Extras/Units Allowed to change the unit of measure.
What do you find?
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-11

2-1 Base sales price on active ingredient proportion
For the finished material AI-1000-0##, you need a sales price that is based on the
active ingredient proportion.
Create a price condition for the finished material. The price condition is based on the
active ingredient component. To do this, choose the active ingredient unit as a
condition unit. The sales organization and the distribution channel are contained on the
data screen.
2-2 Post an ‘other’ goods receipt of 1000 L to a new batch for material AI-1000-0##. For
the active ingredient characteristic, enter a value that is different from the planned
value of the active ingredient.
2-3 Create a standard order of 100 liters of AI-1000-0##. The required organizational
levels and the customer number are specified on the data screen.
2-3-1 Go to the price conditions for the item. On what is the sales price based? On
what sold quantity is the sales price based?
2-3-2 For your sales order item, enter the batch number created in 2-2.
2-3-3 Go again to the price conditions for the item. On what sold quantity is the sales
price now based?
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-12

Active Ingredient Prices Solutions
Unit: Active Ingredient Prices

Topic: Valuation Price and Sales Price for an Active
Ingredient
1-1 Valuation based on active ingredients

Master → Material → Create
or
Material Master → Material → Display

Material AI-1202-0##
View Accounting view 1
Valuation category = X is set.
Flag the active ingredient as a valuated proportion

or

View Basic data
Complete the Proportion/Product Unit view under Additional data. Activate the
Valuated proportion field.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-13

1-2 Create valuation record
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch-Specific Units of
Measure → Standard Price → Create

Plant 1100
Unit of measure A##
1-3 ‘Other’ goods receipt

Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management→ Goods
Movement → Goods Receipt → Other

Plant 1100
Item 1:
Quantity 1000 KG
Batch number Any
Active ingredient proportion Do not valuate
Item 2:
Quantity 1000 KG
Batch number Any
Active ingredient proportion Enter a value that differs from
the planned value
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-14

1-4 Stock overview
Logistics → Materials management → Inventory management →
Environment → Stock → Stock overview
or
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Tools → Stock → Stock
overview
The system displays the appropriate active ingredient proportion for the
valuated batch. The system displays the non-valuated batch with the planned
value in the stock overview. The display in KG shows that both batches have
the same quantity.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-15

2-1 Base sales price on active ingredient proportion
Change material
or

SalesOrgData 1
Organizational levels Values
Plant 1100
Sales organization
Choose Conditions and enter a sales price that is based on the proportion unit
LI1 of the active ingredient the material contains.
2-2 ‘Other’ goods receipt


Plant 1100
Quantity 1000 L
Batch number Any
Active ingredient proportion Enter a value that differs from
the planned value
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-16

2-3 Create standard order
Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Order → Create

Order type Standard order
Division 00.
Customer 7777
PO number Any
Quantity 100 liters
2-3-1 Check price conditions

Goto → Item → Conditions:
The sales price is based on the proportion unit of the active ingredient in
material A1-1000-0##, going by the planned value, as no batches have
been received yet.
2-3-2 Enter batch number
Item detail: Enter the batch whose characteristic value differs from the
planned value
2-3-3 Check price conditions
Goto → Item → Conditions:
The sales price is based on the proportion unit of the active ingredient in
the batch entered for the item. The active ingredient proportion is
different from the planned value. The sales price for the 100 liters of AI-
1000-0## is now more expensive or less expensive than before.
(C) SAP AG LO955 18-17

Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions
Contents:
Planned and Actual Values in the Master Data
From Planned Value to Actual Value
Inventory Correction Factor
© SAP AG 1999
Actual and Planned Values: Unit Objectives
Explain how planned and actual values are

used in Active Ingredient Management
Outline the purpose and effect of the inventory
correction factor
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-2

Actual and Planned Values: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-3

Actual and Planned Values: Business Scenario
Your company wants to be able to map all logistics

processes on the basis of the active ingredients
contained in batches of a material.
It should be possible to use the typical active
ingredient proportion in the relevant material as the
basis for stock displays, Controlling projections,
and MRP runs also in the case of ingredient
proportions that have not yet been valuated.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-4

From Planned Value to Actual Value
P la n n e d v a lu e s
Bill of material
Sales order
Purch. order Process/

Reservation Job-order Delivery
production
order costing
Goods
Goods movement
movement
Invoice
verification
?
= A c tu a l v a lu e s
© SAP AG 1999
We begin the logistics chain by procuring a component through an ordering transaction. We order a
certain quantity of active ingredient. The goods receipt for the order is always carried out in physical
quantities. Up to this point, only the planned active ingredient was known. It is only at this point that we
can enter the actual value for the batch and trigger any corrections needed to the quantity of goods
received. Thus invoice verification operates with actual values.
The active ingredient quantity can be entered in all documents with the exception of the production order
(process order). If the target quantity is entered in active ingredient quantities, a corresponding open
document item is processed in active ingredient quantities.
As soon as the batches have been determined, the job-order costing uses the actual value in its
calculations. The results of the calculation may change if there is an active ingredient price in the stock
valuation of the components.
A batch must have been entered by the goods movement stage at the latest. The system can then replace
the planned value with the actual value.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-5

Planned and Actual Values in the Master Data
View:
Proportion/
product A
unit Batch
Material
Actual value
Char. Plan value Leading proport.
0.28 G/L
Citrus 0.3 G/L
aroma
Fruit juice
10 %
concentrate
© SAP AG 1999
The planned value for an active ingredient proportion is specified in the material master record. The
system works with this value as long as the batch has not yet been selected for a business transaction.
The actual value is only assigned to a batch that actually exists. It is part of the batch's specification and
is used to valuate the active ingredient characteristic.
If an active ingredient is taken into account for planning purposes, the 'leading proportion' indicator must
be set in the material master record.
There can only be one leading active ingredient.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-6

Inventory Correction Factor
Pc Material:
May
Plan val. 0.1 liters act. ing. per liter
Quantity 100 liters
t
Batch:
Act. Val. 0.2 liters act. ing. per liter
Quantity 100 liters
Correction
factor
Current stock/reqmt 2
overview
New available quantity: 200 liters
Overview of availability
© SAP AG 1999
The planned value for an active ingredient proportion can differ slightly from the average actual value of
all the batches of a material. In this way, less or more quantity is actually available than identified in the
stock overview.
The available amount can be corrected for planning purposes using the inventory correction factor. The
effect it has may be seen in the “current stock/requirement” and “total availability” list displays.
The inventory correction factor works in the following way: the warehouse stock is corrected
temporarily for planning purposes before it is included in the calculation of available quantity.
The inventory correction factor does not have any influence on the total stock and does not trigger an
inventory posting. The stock overview remains unchanged.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-7

Actual and Planned Values: Summary

Explain how planned and actual values are
used in Active Ingredient Management
Outline the purpose and effect of the inventory
correction factor
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-8

Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions-1 Exercises
Unit: Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions

Topic: External Procurement of an Active
Ingredient

• Create a purchase order for an active ingredient
• Post the goods receipt in physical quantities
• Determine the active ingredient content in quality inspection
• Post the invoice verification document for the active ingredient
quantity actually received
You want to buy an active ingredient. You can only store a
certain active ingredient content in the goods receipt. You will
not find out how much active ingredient the goods receipt
contains until quality inspection. You want to pay the invoice
only for the quantity of active ingredient you have received.
1-1 The material AI-1201-0## contains an active ingredient, which is measured in the
proportion unit KI1. It is your job to purchase the material.
1-1-1 Create a new purchase order for vendor 100, purchasing organization IDES
Germany, purchasing group Zuse, K, company code SAP Germany. Order the
material AI-1201-0##.
Order 40 units of the active ingredient for next week. Enter the purchase order
price of your choice.
1-1-2 On the item detail screen, choose Delivery. Remember that the quantity of
active ingredient that is actually delivered may slightly differ from the quantity
ordered. You should therefore maintain the tolerances accordingly.
1-2 Goods receipt of the material containing active ingredients

1-2-1 The base unit of measure for material AI-1201-0## is KG. Only the physical
quantity can be determined in goods receipt. 100 KG are delivered. Which
active ingredient proportion do you choose?
1-2-2 Post the goods receipt for the purchase order in the base unit of measure. Enter
a batch number of your choice or accept a number assigned manually. Do not
valuate the characteristic active ingredient.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-9

1-3 Display the purchase order history.
1-4 The active ingredient of material AI-1201-0## has its own valuation price.
Display the valuation record for this active ingredient. Make a note of the standard
price of the active ingredient and the material.
1-5 The material is to be valuated for a single batch
Display the Financial Accounting screen for material AI-1201-0## at batch level and
make a note of the moving average price, the standard price, and the stock. Which price
control does the valuation type have (= batch)?
1-6 The goods receipt for material AI-1201-0## may be found in quality inspection.
1-6-1 Call up results recording for the incoming inspection lot. You should have just
measured the active ingredient content. Enter a value that is within the
tolerances. Make sure that you enter a value that does not correspond with the
planned value from the material master. Close the characteristic.
1-6-2 Record the usage decision. Choose the inspection lot. The whole goods receipt
is to be posted to unrestricted stock. The batch is released.
1-7 Batch classification has been assigned values from QM.
Check the result. Display batch classification.
1-8 Quality inspection has found that the active ingredient content does not correspond
with the planned value. An adjustment posting for the goods receipt is thus required.
1-8-1 Trigger a posting that is based on the goods entry inspection lot for the
purchase order.
1-8-2 Check the purchase order history once again. What do you find?
1-9 You want to know the actual value of the batch.
Display the Financial Accounting screen for material AI-1202-0## at batch level and
compare the values with the results obtained in 1-5.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-10

1-10 In Invoice Verification, you create the invoice using the quantities that were actually
delivered to you.
1-10-1 Create the invoice document for the order and preview the document before you
save it.
1-10-2 Check the result in the purchase order history.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-11

Additional Exercise: Optional
Topic: Process Orders and Job-order Costing

• Create a process order and call up the cost report
You want to produce a semi-finished product and determine the

costs for this order. The costs are to be calculated for particular
components on the basis of the active ingredient quantity.
However, for other components, the cost is to be based on the
physical quantity.
1-1 You produce the semi-finished product AI-1200.

Create a process order for the semi-finished product AI-1200.
Enter the quantity to be produced in units of active ingredient. You want to produce 80
units of KW1.
1-2 Call up the material list and enter the material AI-1201-0# as a third component. You
need 10 KG. The component is kept in stock and is processed in operation 10 in the
production process.
1-3 Determine the costs for the process order and display the itemization. Make a note of
the costs displayed.
1-4 Call the material list and carry out batch determination for material AI-1201-0##.
Choose a batch. It is advisable to choose a batch containing an active ingredient
proportion that differs from the planned value for the active ingredient.
1-5 Determine the costs for the process order once again and display the itemization.
Compare the costs with those costs that were first determined. What do you find, and
how do you explain the result?
1-6 Release the process order and save it.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-12

(C) SAP AG LO955 19-13

Topic: Inventory Correction

• Post a goods receipt from Production without using a
production order
• Carry out an inventory correction when the actual active
ingredient proportion is different from the planned value
• Display the available quantity of a material in the base unit of
measure and in the proportion unit
You produce the finished product and enter the active ingredient
proportion at the goods receipt stage. The proportion differs
slightly from the planned value. You want to include this
information in your schedule and therefore you must correct the
basis for your planning.
1-1 You produce the finished product AI-1000-0##. It is managed in the base unit of
measure liter.
1-1-1 Set the active ingredient characteristic as the leading proportion for material AI-
1000-0##. Find out the planned value.
Planned value: _____________________________________________
1-1-2 Without using a production order, post an ‘other’ goods receipt with movement
type 521 to any new batch (or several new batches). The planned active
ingredient proportion has not quite been attained. Assign characteristic values
to the batch(es) accordingly.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-14

1-2 The available quantity for the finished product AI-1000-0## is still displayed for the
planned value. For planning purposes, you must make corrections to the stock.
1-2-1 Call the current stock/requirements list for the finished product.
Switch on the display of the available quantity in proportion units.
Make a note of the available quantity.
In the base unit of measure
In the proportion unit
Available quantity in base unit of measure: _________________
Available quantity in proportion unit: ________________
1-2-2 Create a second session. Here, you carry out an inventory correction for the
finished product.
Carry out the inventory correction in processing mode. Output a list that also
contains the batches.
1-2-3 Then update the current stock/requirements list.

How has the available quantity changed?
In the base unit of measure
In the proportion unit
Why has it changed?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________
1-2-4 Call up the stock overview and check that the warehouse stocks are displayed
correctly in every unit of measure that has been defined.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-15

Actual and Planned Values of AI Proportions-1 Solutions

Topic: External Procurement of an Active
Ingredient
1-1 The material AI-1201-0## contains an active ingredient, which is measured in the
proportion unit KI1. It is your job to purchase the material.
1-1-1 Create purchase order
Logistics → Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order →
Create.→ Vendor/Supplying Plant Known

Vendor 100
Purchasing org. 1000 / IDES Germany
Purchasing group 007 / Zuse, K
Company code SAP Germany
Plant 1100 / Berlin
Quantity 40 KI1
Delivery date Next week
Price Any
1-1-2 On the item detail screen, choose Delivery. Maintain the tolerances for
overdelivery as a percentage, or choose the Unlimited indicator.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-16

1-2 Goods receipt of the material containing active ingredients
1-2-1 When 100 KG of the material is delivered, you assume that it contains the
planned value of 40% of active ingredient, that is, 40 KW1, which is the exact
ordered quantity.
1-2-2 Post the goods receipt via

Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management → Goods
Movement, Goods Receipt → For Purchase Order → PO Number Known.
PO number See exercise 1-1
Quantity 100 KG
Batch Any
Active ingredient Do not valuate
Note: You can also post the goods receipt via the transaction MB01.
1-3 Display the purchase order history.

Logistics → Materials Management → Purchasing → Purchase Order → Display
→ Item details → PO history
The system displays the goods receipt. The ordered quantity has been delivered (40
KI1).
1-4 Display valuation price

Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch-Specific Units of
Measure → Standard Price → Display

Plant 1100
Proportion/product unit KI1
The valuation price for 100 KI1 is 15 UNI.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-17

1-5 Display the accounting view of the material AI-1201-0## at batch level
or

Plant 1100
Batch = valuation category See exercise 1-2-2
The system displays the price per base unit of measure. This price is based on the
assumption that the base unit of measure contains the same active ingredient proportion
as specified in the planned value.
1-6 The goods receipt for material AI-1201-0## may be found in quality inspection.
1-6-1 Enter inspection result:
Quality Inspection → Worklist → Results Recording
Search for the inspection lots for your material AI-1202-0##. The system will
find one inspection lot and display it in the frame on the left-hand side.
Double-click line 9999 Check with material specification for work center in the
left frame.
Field name Values
Operation 10 9999
Select the item and click Edit - Choose
[or the magnifying glass icon < ]: xQuer = differs from the planned value.
Edit - Lock [or choose the lock icon &],
(by-pass any dialog boxes by choosing Accept). Save.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-18

1-6-2 Enter the usage decision.
Quality Inspection → Worklist → Results Recording
Double-click the line with inspection number 5000…in the left-hand frame.
In the UD code field, use F4 help to enter an acceptance without further action
and save the usage decision.
A dialog box then appears, prompting you to post the quantity concerned (100
KG) to the appropriate stock type: Enter 100 in the line To unrestricted and
save again.
1-7 Display batch classification.

Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch → Display
or
Material Master → Batch → Display
The result from QM has been transferred. The batch has a value that differs from the
planned value for the active ingredient characteristic.
1-8 An adjustment posting for the goods receipt is thus required.

1-8-1 Subsequent adjustment with reference to inspection lot
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch-specific
Units of Measure → Subsequent Adjustment f. Goods Receipt → Enter with
Ref. to Insp. Lot
1-8-2 Display PO history
Logistics → Materials Management → Purchasing.→ Purchase Order
→ Display
Item details → PO history
The system displays two goods receipts. The delivered quantity is greater than
the ordered quantity. As a result of the subsequent adjustment (exercise 1-9-1),
the system created a second goods receipt, which reflects the difference
between the measured actual value and the planned value of the active
ingredient.
1-9 Display the accounting view of the material AI-1201-0## at batch level
or
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-19

Plant 1100
Batch = valuation category See exercise 1-2-2
The batch is now valuated differently due to the different active ingredient content.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-20

1-10 Effects in Invoice Verification
1-10-1 Enter invoice
Logistics → Materials Management → Invoice Verification → Logistics
Invoice Verification → Document Entry → Enter Invoice

Document date Today
Amount Invoiced value of goods + tax
Tax amount Tax amount
Reference to PO/scheduling agreement
PO number 45.... See exercise 1-1
The system accepts the invoice, even though the amount specified is higher
than planned. This is because of the overdelivery that was posted for the
purchase order. The overdelivery was possible because a tolerance was entered
for the PO item.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-21


Topic: Process Orders and Job-order Costing
1-1 Create process order

Logistics → Production-Process → Process Order → Process order → Create →
With material

Material AI-1200
Plant 1100
Order type PI01
Total qty 80 KW1
Start date Today
1-2 Extend material list

Goto → Material list
Include the third item:

Requirement qty 10 KG
Item category L
Operations 10
1-3 Determine and display costs

Process order → Functions → Determine costs
Goto → Costs → Itemization
The costs are displayed with the current valuation of the stocks at the moving average
price at plant level, not at the planned value.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-22

1-4 Batch determination for material AI-1201-0##
When you create or change a process order, select your component that is subject to
batch management AI-1202-0## and choose
Choose a batch. It is advisable to choose a batch containing an active ingredient
proportion that differs from the planned value for the active ingredient.
1-5 Determine and display costs

Process order → Functions → Determine costs
Goto → Costs → Itemization
The system displays the costs for material AI-1201-0## using the stocks’current
valuation at batch level.
1-6 Release and save process order

Process order → Functions → Release
Process order → Save
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-23


Topic: Inventory Correction
1-1 Production for a finished material and batch valuation at goods receipt
1-1-1 Leading proportion of an active ingredient in material
or
View Basic data
Additions → Proportion/Product Unit view
Set the active ingredient characteristic AIC020## as the leading proportion.
The planned value is 0.10000 LSL (LSL = LW1 per liter)
1-1-2 ‘Other’ goods receipt without reference to production order
Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management.→ Goods
Movement type 521
Plant 1100
Quantity 100 liters
Batch number Any
Active ingredient proportion Not 0.1000 LSL
for example, 0.3000 LSL or
0.02 LSL
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-24

1-2 Correct stock with regard to Materials Planning
1-2-1 Current stock/requirements list for material AI-1000-0## in plant 1100.
Environment → Stock → Stock/Requirements List
In the first field for units, enter liter (= base unit of measure) and in the second
field, enter LW1 (=proportion unit).
Choose ENTER so that the system can create the additional column for
displaying the available quantity in proportion units.
The available quantities are correct in both units of measure. The quantity is
displayed in proportion units for the actual value counted in the batches. Only
non-valuated batches are included at the planned value in this total.
1-2-2 Carry out inventory correction for material AI-1000-0##.
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Batch-specific
Units of Measure → Determine Inventory Correction Factors
Plant 1100
Online processing Set at Process
With list output Activate indicator
List output Set at Display batch
This report shows the inventory correction factor in total and the inventory
correction factor for each batch.
1-2-3 Current stock/requirements list for material AI-1000-0## in plant 1100.
MRP uses only the base unit of measure.
For MRP purposes, the system multiplied the available quantity in the base unit
of measure with the inventory correction factor (total) in order to plan materials
on the basis of the active ingredient.
The available quantity in proportion units remains unchanged by the inventory
correction.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-25

1-2-4 Stock overview
Logistics → Materials management → Inventory management →
Environment → Stock → Stock overview
or
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch Management → Tools → Stock →
Stock overview
The warehouse stocks are not affected by the inventory correction. The stock
overview shows the actual stock levels in all units of measure that have been
defined.
(C) SAP AG LO955 19-26

Data Concept in Product Quantity Management
Contents:
The Central Unit of Measure for Product Quantities
Maintenance of Units of Measurement in Customizing
User-defined Calculation
Linking of Master Data
Material Master Maintenance
The Product Quantity in the Specification
Maintaining Units of Measurement in the Mat. Master
Activating Product Quantity Management
© SAP AG 1999
Product Quantity Management: Unit Objectives
Carry out the steps necessary to maintain data in

product quantity management
Explain how units of measure are defined and
how to convert quantities from one unit into
another
Create units of measure and define them as
product units
Describe the how product quantity management
is integrated with batch management
Maintain quantity characteristics as class
characteristics
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-2

Product Quantity Management: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-3

Product Quantity Management: Business Scenario
A company produces and stores steel beams in the

base unit of measure "kilogram". The beams vary
slightly in length, and thus also in weight.
It should also be possible to show the stock of this
material as the number of beams on hand (that is to
say, in the unit "piece").
In the same way, all other Logistics applications
should be able to use this material in the unit of
measure "piece". In addition, the correct weight
should be assigned to each piece of this material
(that is, to each individual beam).
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-4

The Central Unit of Measure for Product Quantities
Product unit
BOM
Sales
Inventory
mgmt
Purchasing C B
B
A B
© SAP AG 1999
The product unit runs like a thread through the applications and is used to replicate the alternative unit of
measure of a material in a batch.
The conversion ratio between the product unit and the base unit of measure is continuously available and
can be displayed by each of the relevant applications.
Unlike in Active Ingredient Management, when you make a specification in the product unit, the entire
stock - not just some of the materials in the batch - is assigned with the batch-specific conversion factor
and can be displayed in alternative units of measure.
In Logistics you may thus enter the alternative product unit instead of the base unit of measure.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-5

Product unit
Ratio
Piece PC
Weight per piece
=
KPP
Base unit of measure
Kilogram
KG
© SAP AG 1999
The base unit of measure is the leading unit of measure for a material. If an entry is made in the product
unit, the system converts this to the base unit of measure before posting.
The product unit relates to the entire stock of a batch. If there are several alternative units of measure
which may have different ratios to the base unit depending on the specific batch in question, different
product units must be used to represent the alternatives.
The conversion formula for conversions between the product unit and the base unit of measure is stored
in the form of a ratio. This ratio constitutes a separate unit of measurement.
In this example, the material is displayed in pieces as well as in the base unit of measure KG. PC has
been defined as the product unit.
Conversion from the base unit of measure KG is carried out on a batch-specific basis.
This ratio is recorded in the unit of measurement KPP (kilogram per piece).
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-6

Maint. of Units of Measurement in Customizing
KG Kilogram Dimension Weight
PC Pieces/steel beams
Units of meas. Nondimensional
KPP Weight per piece (steel beam)
Should be
treated as...
PC Pieces/steel beams
Product units Alternative product unit
© SAP AG 1999
All units of measurement to be used in product quantity management must have previously been defined
in Customizing.
Units of measurement to be used as product units should not be assigned to a dimension.
The role of the product unit is assigned to a unit of measurement in Customizing for Product Quantity
Management. Stocks of the material can be shown in this unit.
Quantity conversions are carried out on a batch-specific basis from the base unit of measure KG.
Some of the most common units of measurement for the product unit are supplied with the standard
system. However, a self-chosen definition for an alternative unit of measure can be entered as the unit of
measurement and designated an allowed product unit at any time.
To facilitate conversion into a standard unit of measure, the self-defined unit of measurement is assigned
a reference.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-7

User-defined Calculation
Base unit of measure = KG

Product unit = PC
Calculation Calculation
Define base quantity from Define product quantity from
product quantity base quantity
KPP PPK
KG/PC PC/KG
Define the conversion factor in such a way that the result is > 1.
© SAP AG 1999
Example
The quantity in the product unit PC is converted to the quantity in the base unit of measure KG on a
batch-specific basis.
This ratio is recorded in the unit of measurement KPP (kilo per pc) or PPK (pc per kilo).
To ensure that the characteristic value (measured in KPP or PPK) delivers plausible results for the
product unit, there are two ways of defining the unit of measure for this characteristic: On the basis of
the product unit or on the basis of the base unit of measure.
Define the unit of measure in such a way that the characteristic value will generally be greater than 1.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-8

Linking of Master Data
Characteristic
weight per pc
A
A
Batch 1
Batch 2 A
Batch 3
Batch class
Specification
passed on
Material
© SAP AG 1999
The ratio between the product unit and the base unit of measure is stored in a batch characteristic and
thus becomes part of the specification.
The material transfers the information to its batches.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-9

Material Master Maintenance
Material master
View Ratio KPP

S= Characteristic
Subst. weight per pc
Unit of
meas. KPP
Batch class
KG <=> PC
© SAP AG 1999
Product unit characteristics are assigned the special view 'S' within the batch class.
Characteristics with this view are recognized during material master maintenance. The information for
conversion beween product unit and base unit of measure is adopted in the material master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-10

The Product Quantity in the Specification
Material master
Origin USA,
Batch Origin USA
Switzerland
Weight
Weight per pc
120 KPP
120 - 125 KPP
Test certificate
Test 3.1B
certificate
3.1A 3.1B
© SAP AG 1999
In Batch Management in the R/3 System, the material passes on its specification to the batch. Depending
on the system settings, either it is mandatory for the batch values to lie within the limits defined in the
material master or these values are merely taken as defaults from that source.
Since the product quantity characteristic is part of the specification of the material and its individual
batches, the same logic applies. The exact product quantities in the individual batches are checked
against the data in the material master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-11

View:
Classification Origin
USA Switzerland
Material
Class type: Batches
Weight per pc
Class for ‘steel
120 - 125 KPP
beams’
Test certificate
- 3.1A
- 3.1B
- 3.1C
© SAP AG 1999
The product unit characteristic is allocated to the batch class and a value is assigned to it in the material
master.
You have to enter a discrete value for the planned conversion factor. The relevant characteristic for
conversion must be defined as a single value, with no interval values.
The planned value in the material master should be a mean value within the expected batch conversion
factors.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-12

Maintaining Units of Measurement in Mat. Master
View:
Proportion/product unit of measure
Char. Pl. value UoM Prop. unit

Weight per 120 KPP Kilogram / PC
pc pc
Material
GK <=> L
X ProductUn <=> Y Base UoM
1 PC <=> 120 KG
© SAP AG 1999
After the classification view has been maintained, any product quantity characteristics are known to the
system.
You must complete the information in the Proportion/Product Unit view: The system expects a planned
value for the conversion to the base unit of measure.
The planned value specifies the assumed conversion ratio between the product quantity and the base unit
of measure in the characteristic unit of measurement.
If the concrete product quantity of a batch is not known for a certain transaction, the system uses the
planned value from the material master.
The planned value for the conversion between product quantiy and base unit of measure is transferred to
the units of measure table automatically.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-13

Activating Product Quantity Management
Activate
product qty
Material
management?
Yes
© SAP AG 1999
You can make several Customizing settings for Product Quantity Management in the system before the
component is activated.
After the component is activated, the product quantity data is ready to be maintained in the material
master.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-14

Product Quantity Management: Summary

Carry out the steps necessary to maintain data in
product quantity management
Explain how units of measure are defined and how
to convert quantities from one unit into another
Create units of measure and define them as
product units
Describe the how product quantity management is
integrated with batch management
Maintain product quantities as class
characteristics
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-15

Data Concept in Product Quantity Management Exercises
Unit: Data Concept in Product Quantity
Management
Topic: Defining and Using Product Units

• Create your own units of measurement and define them as
conversion ratios
• Create characteristics to describe a product quantity and
maintain batch classes
• Extend the batch classification in the material master
• Use product units and maintain planned values
• Track warehouse stocks and available quantities in the product
unit and base unit of measure in the system
A material Steel beam, managed in the base unit kilogram,
consists of individual pieces that vary in length. Each beam
(piece) is roughly 2 meters long and weighs 20 kilograms. Slight
variations in the length of the pieces mean that the weight per
piece also varies. In Inventory Management, approximate
information in the form of a fixed conversion ratio at material
level is not enough. Each batch requires an exact, individual
conversion ratio. You want to achieve this objective with the aid
of Product Quantity Management.
1-1 Create unit of measurement (for the characteristic describing the ratio of the product
quantity to the base unit)
Create your own unit of measurement. It should then be used to carry out conversions
between the physical quantity and the product unit of measure. You will use this unit to
measure the ratio kilogram/piece. The new unit of measurement should be nondimensional.
Enter a key ending with your group number (for example, U##). The new entry should be
defined with 3 decimals and be rounded to three decimal places. The entry of an ISO code on
the Details screen for the unit of measurement is not mandatory.
1-2 Define product unit
Verify whether the unit of measure piece can be used as a product unit.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-16

Define the ratio between physical quantity and product quantity for the unit of measurement
from 1-1 [U##]. Define the relationship of the unit of measure piece (as the product unit) and
kilogram (as the base unit of measure) to the unit of measure U##. Define the ratio in such a
way that the characteristic value will normally be a number greater than 1. 5
1-4 Create characteristic

In the classification system, create a characteristic that satisfies the following requirements:
• The key should end with your group number.

• The conversion ratio between piece and kilogram should be clearly defined in the
characteristic description.
• The status should be released.
• The data type should be numerical.
• The characteristic value assignment should consist of a single value.
In the previous exercise, you defined a unit of measurement for a conversion ratio
between physical quantity and product quantity.
• Use this unit of measurement as the unit for your characteristic.
• The characteristic should have three places before and three after the decimal point.
• Define a value interval for the characteristic (1 piece weighs roughly 20 KG).
• Allow the characteristic for class types 023 and 022.
1-5 Assign the characteristic to a class

Create a new class PM## for steel beams. Note that the substance view has to be
available at header level so that a planned value can be stored at material level for
product quantities or active ingredients.
Assign your new characteristic to the class and think about the substance view at
characteristic level too.
5
For example, if 1 PC = 100 KG, then the quotient is best defined with KG/ST. Since KG is the base unit of
measure, you choose Define calculation of base quantity from product quantity.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-17
1-6 Create a new material. You can use the copying facility.
The reference material is Y-351.
Create a new finished product PM-1000-0## for plant 1100. Adopt the views
Basic Data 1, Classification, Purchasing and Accounting 1 from the reference material.
Make the following changes:
• The short text is "2 meter steel beam".
• Delete the assignment to a batch class.
Edit the views you have chosen and then save.
1-7 Maintain product quantity for a material

Change your material PM-1000-0##. Choose the Classification and Purchasing views.
1-7-1 In the Classification view, assign your new class PM## and assign a
plausible value range to the characteristic.
1-7-2 From the Purchasing screen, go to the additional data and choose the
proportion/product unit view. Enter the planned value of 20 kg per piece.
1-7-3 Also go to the additional view Units of Measure. Check the conversion ratio
for the planned value.
1-8 Post a goods receipt without a purchase order

Your material is delivered without a purchase order. Enter an other goods receipt for a
quantity of 100 pieces in a new batch. The weight per piece differs from the planned
value.
1-9 Display the material document. Call up the item details. To display the relation
between piece and kilogram in the batch, choose Goto → More functions → Quantity
conversion.
1-10 Call up the current stock/requirements list for material PM-1000-0##.

Also activate the display of the available quantity in the product unit.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-18

Data Concept in Product Quantity Management Solutions
Unit: Data Concept in Product Quantity

Management
Topic: Defining and Using Product Units
1-1 Create unit of measurement (for the characteristic describing the ratio of the product
quantity to the base unit)
Reference IMG)
Pushbutton Units of measure (nondimensional)

Internal unit of measurement U##
Commercial format U##
Technical format U##
Unit of measurement text, For example, KG/PC
commercial
Unit of measurement text, For example, KG/PC
technical
Decimal places 3
Rounding to decimal places 3
1-2 Define product unit

Customizing (Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project. Goto →
SAP Reference IMG)
Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch-Specific Material Units of
Measure → Edit Batch-Specific Material Units of Measure
The unit of measure piece is listed. It can thus be used as a proportion unit or product
unit.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-19

Reference IMG)
Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch-Specific Material Unit of
Measure → Product Quantity Conversion → Define Calculation of Base Quantity
from Product Quantity
Pushbutton New entry
Unit of measurement of U##
characteristic
Base unit of measure KG
Batch-specific UoM PC
1-4 Create characteristic

or
Note the instructions in the exercise text, in particular:
Unit of measurement of U##
characteristic
No. of characters 6
Decimal places 3
Values 17 - 25 U##

or
Class → Create
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-20

Class PM##
Description Class for steel beams
Application view S
Characteristic See exercise 1-4
Application view S
1-6 Create new material

or
Material Master → Material → Create

Material PM-1000-0##
Industry Mechanical engineering
Material type Finished product
Template Y-351
Views Values
Views Basic data 1
Classification
Purchasing
Accounting 1
Organizational levels Values (new material and

template)
Plant 1100

Material short text 2 meter steel beam
Class assignment Delete
Edit all the views you have chosen and then save.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-21

1-7 Maintain product quantity for a material
or

Views Classification
Purchasing
Plant 1100
1-7-1 In the Classification view, assign the class PM## and assign values for the
active ingredient characteristic (for example, 18 to 22 U##).
1-7-2 In the Basic Data view, under Additional data, choose the Proportion/Product
Unit view. Enter B in the Units meas. use field. Enter the required data.

Planned value 20 U## ( = KG/PC)
Proportion/product unit PC
1-7-3 In the Proportion/Product Unit view, click the tab page button and choose
Units of measure.
The conversion is carried out at the planned value of 1 piece/20 KG.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-22

1-8 Goods receipt without purchase order

Movement type 501
Plant 1100
Quantity 100 pieces
Batch number Any
Active ingredient proportion Not 20 U##
For example, 19 or 22 U##
1-9 Display material document

Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory Management → Material
Document → Display
Call up the item details.
Goto → Additional functions → Quantity conversion
The conversion ratio shows that the batch contains 100 pc steel beams, with an average
weight of 19 KG/PC.
1-10 Current stock/requirements list for material PM-1000-0## in plant 1100.

Enter kilogram (= base unit of measure) in the first field for units, and PC (=product
unit) in the second.
Choose ENTER to get the system to generate the additional column for displaying the
available quantity in the product unit.
The available quantities are shown correctly in both units of measure.
(C) SAP AG LO955 20-23

Product Units - Stock Transfer
Contents:
Quantity Conversion with Product Unit
Quantity Conversion in Inventory Management
Stock Transfer – Cases
Stock Transfer with Product Unit
© SAP AG 1999
Product Units of Measure: Unit Objectives
Carry out stock transfers involving batches to which

varying conversion factors apply for the conversion
of quantities from the base unit of measure into an
alternative unit and vice versa.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-2

Product Units of Measure: Overview Diagram




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-3

Product Units of Measure: Business Scenario
Again and again, your enterprise is faced with the

situation in which stocks of a material handled in
batches have to be transferred to other batch
stocks whose conversion factor between the
alternative and base units of measure differs from
that of the batch from which the transfer is made.
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-4

Quantity Conversion with Product Unit
Status 3.0
• The conversion factor between alternative unit of measure
and base unit of measure is defined at material level.
• All batches of the material have this conversion factor.
as of 4.0
• The conversion factors that are defined for all batches of the
material are planned values.
• The conversion factors of the individual batches are defined
when the batch is created and cannot subsequently be
changed They represent the exact value or an average value.
All goods movements are carried out with this conversion
factor.
© SAP AG 1999
Goal:
You should ensure that a material does not have to be created for every dimension. Products that differ
only in dimension and in a few other characteristics should be grouped under one material number. This
reduces the data volume and makes maintenance easier.
In Release 3.0, the conversion factor between the alternative unit of measure and the base unit of
measure is defined at material level.
In the standard system from 4.0 onwards, you can manage products with different conversion factors as
batches under one material number.
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-5

Quantity Conversion in Inventory Management
Sections, steel sheets
Stockkeeping unit: KG
Batch unit: PC
Batch properties:
- Fusion number
- Origin
- Certificate
- Length (!) 6000 mm
Fixed batch
conversion factor
© SAP AG 1999
Scenario:
The conversion factor is specified for a batch.
All pieces are roughly the same weight. All goods movements are carried out with the conversion
factor for this batch.
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-6

Stock Transfer – Cases
Issuing batch Receiving batch
Existing batch, same

conversion factor
Existing batch, different

conversion factor
New batch
© SAP AG 1999
Stock transfers between batches with different conversion factors in one or more product units are
fundamentally possible (T160M).
The transferred quantity is checked for errors after the decimal point with the conversion factor of the
receiving batch.
Example: Numbers of pieces are defined as whole numbers. Weight per piece,
issuing batch 300 kg Weight per piece, receiving batch 330 kg
Stock transfer of 300 kg = 0.91 pc Error after decimal point Stock transfer of
330 kg = 1.0 pc OK
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-7

Stock Transfer with Product Unit
Issuing batch Coil1 Receiving batch Coil2

Weight per pc Ø 300 kg (e.g. from GR) Weight per pc 310 kg
Weight per pc 310 kg

Weight per pc 310 kg Receiving batch Coil3
The user wants to transfer the lighter piece to an appropriate batch

He or she has to manually enter another transfer posting line for the
remaining quantity in the segment
© SAP AG 1999
Appendix:
If you change the conversion factor for a batch, you cannot subsequently post a reversal for this batch,
as it would result in inconsistencies.
Example of problem with reversal of a goods movement:

Goods receipt of 3 pc 900 kg (weight per pc 300kg)
Goods issue of 1 pc 300 kg (weight per pc 300 kg)
Stock transfer of 1 pc @ 280 kg
Remaining stock in batch of 1 pc 320 kg
Conversion factor is changed

Reversal of goods issue (300 kg = 0.94 pc cannot be posted due to error after decimal point)
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-8

Summary

Carry out stock transfers involving two batches each
having a different conversion factor for the
conversion of quantities from the base unit of
measure into an alternative unit or vice versa
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 21-9

Summary (1)
Availability Check
XXXX
+ YYY
Batch Levels Batch

Batch
Batch Batch Where-used List

© SAP AG 1999
Summary (2)




Summary

© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 22-2

Recommended Follow-up Activities
Go through the exercises using IDES data or your own data

Read on-line documentation
Read IMG documentation
Read release notes
© SAP AG 1999
(C) SAP AG LO955 22-3

Appendix
Contents:
Menu Paths
© SAP AG 1999
Frequently-used Menu Paths
Master Data
Activity Menu Path
Material master record Logistics → Materials Management → Material
Master → Material → Create|Change|Display
or
Logistics → Central Functions
→ Batch Management → Environment
→ Material Master → Material
→ Create|Change|Display
Batch master record Logistics → Central Functions
→ Batch Management → Batch
or
Logistics → Materials Management → Material
Master → Batch → Create|Change|Display
Valuation record for active Logistics → Central Functions
ingredient management → Batch Management → Batch-specific Units of
Measure → Standard Price
Inventory Management
Activity Menu Path
Goods receipt | Transfer Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory
posting | Goods issue Management → Goods Movement → Goods
Receipt|Transfer Posting|Goods Issue
Current Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory
stock/requirements list Management → Environment → Stock →
Stock/Requirements List
Material documents Logistics → Materials Management → Inventory
Management → Material Document →
Change|Display
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-2

Classification System
Activity Menu Path
Class Logistics → Central Functions → Classification →
Master Data → Classes
or
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch
Management → Environment → Classification
System → Master Data → Classes
Characteristic Logistics → Central Functions → Classification →
Master Data → Characteristics
or
Logistics → Central Functions → Batch
Management → Environment → Classification
System → Master Data → Characteristics
Quality Inspection
Activity Menu Path
Maintain material Logistics → Central Functions
specification → Batch Management → Environment
→ Quality Planning for Material → Inspection
Planning → Material Specification → Edit|Display
or
Logistics → Quality Management
→ Quality Planning → Inspection Planning →
Material Specification → Edit|Display
Maintain master inspection Logistics → Central Functions → Batch
characteristic Management → Environment → Quality Planning
for Material → Basic Data → Inspection
Characteristic → Create|Change|Display
Enter result Logistics → Central Functions → Batch

Management → Environment → Quality Inspection
→ Worklist → Results Recording
or
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-3

Activity Menu Path
Logistics → Quality Management → Quality
Inspection → Inspection Result → For
Operation|For Inspection Point →
Record|Change|Display
Enter usage reason Logistics → Central Functions
→ Batch Management → Environment
→ Quality Inspection → Worklist
→ Results Recording
or
Logistics → Quality Management
→ Quality Inspection
Inspection Lot → Usage Decision
→ Record|Change|Display
Inspection lot Logistics → Central Functions → Batch
Management → Environment → Quality Inspection
→ Inspection Lot → Editing →
Create|Change|Display
or
Logistics → Quality Management → Quality
Inspection → Inspection Lot → Editing →
SD
Activity Menu Path
Sales order Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales →
Order → Create|Change|Display
Create delivery Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales →
Order → Subsequent functions → Outbound
Delivery
Production
Activity Menu Path
Production order Logistics → Production → Production Control →
Order → Create|Change|Display
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-4

Production Planning
Activity Menu Path
Process order Logistics → Production - Process → Process Order
→ Process order → Create|Change|Display|Release
Master recipe Logistics → Production - Process → Master Data
→ Master Recipes → Recipe and Material List →

Activity Menu Path
Display batch where-used Logistics → Central Functions
list in Inventory → Batch Management → Tools
Management → Batch Usage → Pick-Up List|Display
or
Logistics → Materials Management
→ Inventory Management →
Environment → Batch Where-Used List → Display
Define Batch Search Strategies in the Application

Activity Menu Path
Logistics → Central Functions
→ Batch Management → Batch Determination
→ Batch Search Strategy → For Inventory
Management|For Production Order|For Process
Order|For Sales and Distribution|For Warehouse
Management → Create|Change|Display
Customizing
Activity Menu Path
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-5

Activity Menu Path
Tools → Accelerated SAP → Customizing
→ Edit Project
Implementation Projects → SAP Implementation
Guide (IMG)
Main menu paths for Logistics - General → Batch Management →
setting up Batch Specify Batch Level and Activate Status
Management Management
Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch
Number Assignment
Logistics - General → Batch Management →
Creation of New Batches
Valuation
Status Management
Where-Used List
Specific Material Units of Measure
Batch Determination Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch
Determination and Batch Check → Condition Tables
Determination and Batch Check → Access Sequences
Determination and Batch Check → Strategy Types
Determination and Batch Check → Batch Search
Procedure Definition
Determination and Batch Check → Batch Search
Procedure Allocation and Check Activation
Determination and Batch Check → Activate
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-6

Activity Menu Path
Automatic Batch Determination in SD
Determination and Batch Check → Define Selection
Classes
Determination and Batch Check → Define Sort Rules
Determination and Batch Check → Maintain Batch
Allocation Strategy Number Ranges
Customizing for Active Ingredient Management

Activity Menu Path
Define units of General Settings → Check units of measurement
measurement → Units of measurement
Proportion units for Active Logistics - General → Batch Management → Batch-
Ingredient Management Specific Material Units of Measure → Edit Batch-
Specific Material Unit of Measure
Specific Material Units of Measure → Calculate
Proportional Factors → Define Calculation of
Proportion Quantity from Base Quantity|Define
Calculation of Base Quantity from Proportion
Quantity
Customizing for Product Quantity Management

Activity Menu Path
Define units of measure General Settings → Check units of measurement
→ Units of measurement
Product units for Active Logistics - General → Batch Management
Ingredient Management → Batch-Specific Material Units of Measure
→ Edit Batch-Specific Material Unit of Measure
Logistics - General → Batch Management
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-7
Activity Menu Path
→ Batch-Specific Material Units of Measure →
Product Quantities Conversion → Define
Calculation of Product Quantity from Base Quantity|
Define Calculation of Base Quantity from Product
Quantity
(C) SAP AG LO955 23-8

LO955 Batch Management: R/3 System Release 46C 05/08/2001

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LO955 Batch Management

R/3 System Release 46C 05/08/2001

Copyright 2001 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

All rights reserved.

Six months' experience in one of the R/3 Logistics

Notes to the user

This course will prepare you to:

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-2

At the conclusion of this course, you will understand

The following are dealt with in detail:

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-3

Unit 1 Course Overview Unit 8 Batch Determination

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-4

Unit 13 Appendix: Batch Creation in Unit 18 Active Ingredient Prices

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-5

Master Data Batch Determination Batch

Batch Specification Shelf Life Expiration Date 29

Batch Status Mgmt Batch Where-used List

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-6

Batch Specification and Active Ingredient Prices

Appendix: Batch Creation in Act. and Planned Values

Optimized Batch Prod. Quantity - Design

Batch-specific Product Units of Measure -

Active Ingred. Management -

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-7

Your company is implementing SAP and Batch

(C) SAP AG LO955 1-8

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Provide a short overview about the relation of

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-2

Availability Check for

Master Data Batch Determination Batch

Batch Specification Shelf Life Expiration Date 29

Batch Status Mgmt Batch Where-used List

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-3

Batch Specification and Active Ingredient Prices

Appendix: Batch Creation in Act. and Planned Values

Optimized Batch Prod. Quantity - Design

Batch-specific Product Units of Measure -

Active Ingred. Management -

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-4

Batch Management can be used in ALL industries

It is mainly used in the following:

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-5

R/3 integration model

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-6

Warehouse management Warehouse management

W/house Process/ W/house

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-7

You are now able to:

Provide a short overview about the relation of

(C) SAP AG LO955 2-8

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

Define the term “batch”

(C) SAP AG LO955 3-2

Master Data Batch Determination Batch

Batch Specification Shelf Life Expiration Date 29

Batch Status Mgmt Batch Where-used List

(C) SAP AG LO955 3-3

Your company has be able to differentiate between

(C) SAP AG LO955 3-4

"A batch is a quantity of any drug produced

Food and Drug Administration