CAMBRIDGE CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH TM UR eat He A le cos oy ragY- Proficiency Be Coda sdedelyi Pee Le (21d A For revised exam from March 2013 with Aug, i: 4. 0 ae (e) i f © eed FY] Pa ea EL Mee iL CS CLCObjective Proficiency Workbook with answers Peter Sunderland Pete ic eeeMBRIDGE CAN ERSITY PRESS B2 8BS, United Kingdom nbridge Cl University Printing House, Cam bridge ge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of arch at the highest international levels of excellence Cambrids rtfurthers the University’s education, learning and res wwweambridge.org om Trfoemation on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781 107619203, ‘© Cambridge University Press 2013 in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and tothe provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2002 Second edition published 2013 6th printing 2014 Printed in the United Kingdom by Latimer Trend ‘A catalogue record fr this publication is available from the British Library ‘This publication ISBN 978-1-107-61920-3 Workbook with answers with Audio CD 107-62156-5 Workbook without answers with Audio CD 107-64637-7 Student's Book with answers with Downloadable Software 107-61116-0 Student's Book without answers with Downloadable Software 107-67634-3 Class Audio CDs (2) 107-67056-3 Teacher's Book ISBN 978-1-107-63368-1 Student's Book Pack (Student's Book with answers with Downloadable Software and Class Audio CDs (2) Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persitence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables and other factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but Catidge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such informationKINg tie Senor ae CC es Reading 1 Youare going to read an aticle with the headline opposite. Think about the headline and choose the Sorry, honey, \ shrun, oitionship (a-d) which you think the article is most likely to be about. your job prospects a client-supplier ¢ husband-wife b boss-employee d parent-child Quickly read the article to see if you were right. pead the article and decide which paragraph (A-K) each of these cartoons refers to, Underline the sentence(s) or phrase(s) in the text that justify your answer | Whi 's i ee sea a don'ts are mentioned in the article? apply and circle the sentence(s) or phrase(s) in the text that justify your answer. a Do not overdo je jewellery. r b Attend lots of events, (| h Do not break into business discussions. De ant eee i : Exerc tng in food or drink. i Do not refer to your spouse's business expertise: = © Be disso ntol when it comes to danci j. Try to have a good time at corporate events. f Pane atall times, ons, k Find out something about the uae 8 Do ie discuss by {forall occasions, company before the event. D topics of a religi 1 Give the impressi ; igious nature. ipression of wanting to know Ss v more about the host company. ~ UNIT?A Charles Sacarelo is valli ‘ F "Ther There was be aor gee von bel who have made mosey bc hai Ansa mg Problem hat dw bow cinberg says. "We want home while her husband was out a werk nn else anotoem tee ela om eee alee ac “aking oan uation’ Some of is psa: oi dominated conversations, ploughed her way throu people are talking about business, and never say I : wonderful your spo f pouse is in the corporate world another glass : G Steinberg, encourages his clients 10 enjo cnjoy corporate Be San on . ih Se hat «a gee net Te cla ie cma shui,” Syne eiancar York, teaches execut en flier b ss ome Ne Mince et ii-S huh pgindrmencne us coaching on everything from table manners and how west clients Bill Higgins, 55, a former FBI agent ciara a emeertie «| eee eae A tone See | eee ae miei SeiGromamtic Mars Ea atekat tea Pree aatteteecatgese Se at pe to occupy’ he says. ae: ‘state company, on busines tips. I felt uncomfortable because I was the spouse and there were all these guys C Sacarello's school for executive spouses has prov. P proved so there who were younger and mote successful than me, 60 opular that he now aims to build up a client ba pe ipa client base in the he says. Spouses wore different coloured name badges, and Higgins would often be the only man at a table of 40 women, while his wife sat at another table with their and do a lot of work-related socialising. They are from 25 husbands modest economic backgrounds and range in age from 1 early 20s to late 40s. The fee for an intial consultation is $500; some clients will spend as much as $10,000. They D In Now York, Sacarelos clients are upwardly mobile Higgins is now so comfortable in his role that he caries 65 a business card labelled ‘spouse’, He has formed a mens group to advise other conporate spouses and has set up meet Sacarello, 45, and his partner, David Steinberg, 42, a website, Corcoran boasts that her husband isan aset in a resaurant. ‘We want to sce them walk into a room,’ 3° at comporare events Hee comes feeling accomplished and. Sacarello says. ‘Do they skirt off into a comer? Or do therefore he willing to dance in my shadow she says. 70 they run up and say “hello” because they're nervous?” J Her frst busband was no so obliging: “He was younger E Some problems ~ mostly requiring restraint at the buffer than me and not accomplished, He needed to prove his table or on the dance floor — are easily solved. Others worth wherever we went, The most awkward moments are more serious, Occasionally, Sacarello has to refer 35 were when people called him Mr Corcoran ents to psychologist or a priest. Many of them are K Ik is the Higgins-Corcoran brand of teamwork that 75 mazried 0 high-profile figures from the business and impresses Sacarllo, ‘One ofthe main decstons in Bie is entertainment worlds, 0 discretion is key, In company choosing your partnet he says. "If youve goofed on that files they are referred ro by code names. cnc, how competent are you? 4 Find a word or phrase in the article with these meanings (the paragraph letter is given in brackets). a stand in the way of (A) b skills training (B) ¢ not particularly wealthy () d price charged (D) e in the public eye (E) f increase (F) gg. successful achiever (G) hh a useful and valuable resource (I) i willing to help or please (J) RING THE CHANGES 5jete the text with an 2 ate form of in appropt the text with a pein bracts. There MAY Be more than one le answer. ‘Anew experience : (find) myself in 5 compl the ver possibl 2 bizarre situations recently, but none sO ‘mei fed ro ag we eras ‘ eaten ove rom an walking all ver Me, {in of, with a1 a ___. burn) on a low ee sea and of crows: table, the only sounds that of the s 1 out of the way of an eagle. n sonne Paris of aoa se the world this might (3) aa can (be) full-moon ritual, and I woul ie __.. be} concerned about 4)... ve an ey safety. But this (8)... dl of nother ht ed igh steamy day in southern India, and whatever cea (happen) to me ee _ (be done) in the name of health. 1 (8) (experience) my first Ayurveda rejuvenation massage. Vocabulary 6 Complete the sentences using the verbs in the box, which all mean change in some way. You may need to change the form of the verb. Use your dictionary to. help you. There may be more than one answer. adapt alter amend _—_convert develop evolve fluctuate metamorphose modify _mutate revise transform a The good thing about children is that they --vouesnn €48ily to New environments, b I took the coat back to the shop to have it ¢ Inline 20, ‘men’ should be .... mene tO ‘people’ iS 4 The design proposals were unpopular and only accepted in a ~. form. © These bacteria have. that are resistant to certain drugs, > \ UNITY into forms £ The reorganisation will totally the British entertainment indugy g The awkward boy I knew ha into a tall, handsome man h They live ina wis i How do we know that humans indi, from apes? Vegetable prices se Acorg the season, ing k The bank manager forced them to their sales fore, cast thy 1 What started out as a short story om tings, ually into a full-scale noyg, 7 Complete these sentences, which ll incug le expressions with change, using the pict below and your dictionary to help ee “ee sentences have no corresponding iste ph EXAMPLE: Shed been with the same company sch a long time, she felt she needed change of scene. a Shed always been against the proposed supermarket, but she soon changed her when she realised what they would pay for her land. b That Italian restaurant is nowhere near as good since it changed su . ¢ He's so untidy! If he wants to live here, he ig to have to change his se d When I first met him, I didn’t like hi I've changed my.... jim, but no¥ € wouldn't change .... the world! f She took a change of. suitcase as they were staying overnight Let's change the... arguing again. t.8 Replace the verbs in italics in sentences a-m with an appropriate two- or three-part phrasal verb made by combining the verbs and prepositions in the table below. You may need to change the form of the verb and the word order. Use your dictionary to help you, EXAMPLE: He paused for @ moment to listen and then continued eating, He paused for a moment to listen and then carried on eating. a She came out of the shop to find thieves had stolen her bicycle. b The chaos in the house was starting to depress him. € I feel like I'm getting nowhere with my online campaign. I keep encountering a wall of hostility 4 Boy, will Ibe glad to finish these exams! € I typed in ‘swimming technique’ on a search engine and literally thousands of websites appeared. £ He has to submit the application form by Friday. g. News of someone's pregnancy soon spreads. h You'll find my enthusiasm more than offsets my lack of experience. i How successfull were they in conveying the message, do you think? j The hospital is conducting tests to find out what is wrong with her. k Could you despatch the parcel this morning, please? 1 The football manager tried an elaborate new tactic but it didn't work m Look, I really can't come, sorry; something important has arisen. ery across against Baw ‘around —_| for cane ‘down with ae iw with come off come off get off get on ae out get over get up. set a make up make up. ‘Look at the idioms in bold, and the three possible sentences containing them. Put a tick (V) if the sentence Is correct and a cross (x) f it's wrong. Sorry, I've lost track of what were supposed to be doing 7 Sorry, I've lost track of you since we were at school together. Sorry, I've lost track of that new coat you gave me. It never crossed my mind that Id agreed to sign the document. Tt never crossed my mind to ask fora refund. C It never crossed my mind that he would actually carry out his threat! Look on the bright side ~ you could be back home bored out of your wits! Look on the bright side ~ you might still be able to get hold of tickets online. Look on the bright side ~ you would be very unhappy if this happened to you! Being a ski rep in Austria is a far cry from my old job in the factory back home! oO ‘The calling sound the bird makes is afar cry from trying to contact its mate. Qo What we're witnessing here is a far ery from a desperate man who's lost his way. Pll keep you posted if you would be so kind. Tl keep you posted if what you're claiming is true. QO Til keep you posted if there are any further developments. Look, just to set the record straight - I'm afraid we cantt accept your application. [1 Davidson needs just one more win to set the record straight. Oo ‘The manager assumed that Agnes and Derek were married, but she soon set the record straight. | RING THE CHANGES /Listening am vou wll hea five different Ps ene ut the first time they prating 29 HS themselves, and the flew abroad by Cipectations they had. For questions Cr cnoose from the list A-F what speaker said. Theres one statement that you will not need ‘A [knew from experience what t0 exec speaker 1 = 3 My expectations were confirmed: oes A It was a life-changing event for me: ee a e \s alone. 5 D [appreciated the trip more as I was @ ey i erent from what [i imagined. P iam Speaker 5 =] E It was very dif F 1 found it quite similar to ch gap with one word from the recordin h (Speaker 2) sink or being at home. 1g to complete these expressions 2. {sBBllisten again and fill ea a (Speaker 1) I didn't what to ot i (Speaker 3) it was a great b (Speaker 1) from that on j (Speaker 3) Up the atmosph ¢ (Speaker 1) well and truly k (Speaker 4) an mind for me 1 (Speaker 4) to thee (Speaker 2) nothing (Speaker 2).. £ (Speaker 2) g (Speaker 2) 3. Re-use some of the expressions in similar situations: nature to me m (Speaker 5) a once in a but to opportunity ) have no ) to the challenge On a recent trip to Barcelona play Real Madrid. never beento such a huge stadium before, and | arived ely (My frst day asa travel agent was tough, as the office was busy with customers. The things [d learnt in training were really. on ‘the whole, | think |... - soasto sm Kd but there was one query | simply couldn't answer, In my country the standard of fol ma and | had. .-call my boss lower, so for me sn for help. to see the incredible s After such a fantastic match, |Wa8 em My first me ‘er Interview was for a place at university and not surprisingly =n $0 it : Glanerae ‘as all rather new and intimidating for me, Alot was “wrrewenwerseensnanensn Sitation, But the interviewer told was much happier. 8 UNIT 2Grammar 4 Complete these extracts with an appropriate form of the verbs in the box. You may also need to use willhall on their own. There may be more than one correct answer. [be (3) pack (x 2 CO “Thanks very much for the invite to dinner this evening —1 “ able to make i though. 'm off to Mexico inthe morning (my plane (2) at 5 am) and (3) ready in time. It looks like | (4) the small hours. My company (5) an office there next month and apparently some problem's: come up with the lease they (6 signing, Anyhow, I'm realy sorry about this evening but m. we do something together at the weekend? | (8) my grandmother at some point during the day on Sunday, bu otherwise | oO free til the end of next week. That (10) me something to look forward to who | (14) suitcases tonight! Lt me know how you're fixed hard-pushed to get into beon the verge of give leave ope visit also consider expect acquire also. be (x2) develop JOBS IN SCIENCE Earth Observation Applications Scientist Leading a specialist team, you (12)... ‘a generic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image-focusing processor, with the aim of producing a cost-effective high performance space radar within two years, Ideally you (13) _.. minimum of five years’ experiance in signal processing applications pls signal simulation experience, though candidates with less experience but with 2 highly relevant academic background (1 aries Eke Excellent computing sls (15). ees necessary and yOU (18) nna annus to have ‘2 good understanding of advanced engineering mathematics. Proven analytical and presentation skils (97) nen 888A! RO YOUT SUCLESS, 25 18) enn YOUT effective use of IT systems. ees et | belikely break expect have move remain 8-Day Forecast After a fine and mainly dry sitio trsweek ran a9 in to the north-west of Scotland oter. England and Wales. 19D iseiainn we stay fairy settled with further spelis of sunshine for the second half of the oak cach etn Bei (BT) sesittivenaiomreenioinaiadioa some patchy rain at times on ‘Thursday, Scotland (22)... ee rain ond * EXPECTATION 9sentences from the jon into these 5. There yunctuati 5 er np oi bY ee cana icone mistake in each sentence «, there is the Fisk of haviNB to ur aunts to spend Cl started educating a Ina few years tim 1p What about going t0 Yo ‘Asa young woman she children 4. She was called t ‘Advisory Board. «Her mother, who was in the kitchen he 0. £ Alonger life but aso g, Seeing her you wouldnt believe how # avr this could atleast temporarily 9 Washington D.C. where she joined the ard that she wanted therefore, means not only More opportunities nice she is. improve our situation. Vocabulary 6 Complete these sentences using a PrePos! pox Use a dictionary to help yOu: at odds with ‘peyond all expectation | by no means inall honesty cnits own merits out of my control within reason cover the top certain that the job will go to itional phrase from the a Its an external candidate. bb You can invite anyone you like to my birthday party, «¢ Ican assure you that each of your proposals will be judged 4 Johns angry reaction to my letter was completely ‘e Clare’ claim that she locked the door behind her is tr _.. what she said earlier. £ You could try to get refund on your ticket, but eee a think theres much point. when he stayed with a hos. amily in Manchester. hi [ve done all I can for you, but ultimately the ae Using an approy priate yy with hi ‘ord # AVE NO, FEpIaCe the wo the so that each sentence ha, Words iq meaning. You wil also nec °P at, the form of some Verba t ie i a your dictionary to help aaa ep yoy. Ue u. [arpel dan ae e cet oti | Se | qualms Problem EXAMPLE: Apparently, he p, ‘Our meetin, rete, 8 last vd Apparently, oR Match recollection of «it last March, Mtg a. Having known him for y didn't believe that he ae ing b They found it difficult to oy low y instructions that they had een Biven, © Eng really wanted to go back home country before she me her i Sara was unhay ee py ab : police oUt othe I will be able to finish this before the weekend, £ Having run out of money, Bogdan chose to work. g Going to the theatre was a treat afer everything she had been through,Use of English 8 Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) More people fly today than ever before, yet many ~ experienced air (0)...... travellers TRAVEL | ag well as novice nguish and (1) at the mere thought APPREHEND: | of flying As many as one in seven people are thought to experience anxiety when flying, with women (2) men two to one in these feelings NUMBER of @) Quiet Acertain amount of concern is (8) The sheer size of modern _ UNDERSTAND jet aircraft, which appear awkward and (5) on the ground, makes WIELD | one wonder how they will manage to get into the air ~ and stay there, However, | most of these fears are (6) and are pethaps based on the knowledge LOGIC | that once in the aircraft, we, as pa rs, are (7) tocontrol our POWER. | fate, which depends solely on the (8) of the crew. There is little EXPERT | comfort for usin the numerous statistical complations which show | port is many times safer than transport by 9 Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in ‘each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) y the (0)... HM... we landed in Osio, it was slready pitch dark. Rather than the wintry wonderiand I had hoped Mm. _. » PIN was lashing down under the orange airport lights. It was bitterty cold. The airport bus deposited me, tired, hungry and disorientated, in the city centre. After several ‘wrong turns, and (2)... un. Nearly dislocated my shoulders with the weight of my backpack, | finally stumbled into the reception of my chosen, but unbooked, hotel. (8) .n.-nesnwnmne ‘my horror, | discovered that every hotel in the centre wes fully oOKEM (A) an nennnne 8 Pop Concert. The receptionist redirected me to the tramiine and some possible bed end breakfast places way (5)... _ in the suburbs. Two hours 16) | stood in the rain, peering around in vain, ‘cursing the pop singer to the Oslo night sky. Eventual, | hauled een moat ‘at the end of m | found the shining lights of a small hate. eae em @ Sign on the door: EXPECTATION1 pout human behaviout ‘you are going to 3 ae peo, choose fom she sections (A-D) For questions 1-10, The sections may be chosen More ‘than once. Which section mentions e writer’ research? strong reaction to news of the ‘one animal showing jealo king of the consequ a strong not going as f having to cope nse of unfairness that huma nal behaviour? ose who are less well off? sy? ences of their actions? and selfish reaction? far as equivalent with adverse conditions? ins or animals may show? an animal thin] any unfairness provoking the animal behaviour shown. ‘a sense of injustice from people rational se ustice leading to irratio erceived by th behaving with fairness? human behaviour? ‘an explanation for the an animal’ feeling of inj ‘unfairness among humans being Pé examples of both humans and animals It’s not fair! Do animals share our sense of unfairness over displays of greed? A ow often have you sen rich people ake 1B. Thar this sense of unfairness may the seers, shouting that they'e earning too Beene ievevolursoeary ieee ns as well became clear BRRAASAAAS such Potxers are Pcl y blue-collar when graduate student Saral serrigartomane nem Hanley Whe aignee en oa al : ut monkeys, we noticed how much they ‘ied. eee oa mors Bee their partner get a better deal. We would ica ee ee ete tend thes kd dr a me aren ly monkey could give it back in exchange ieverse ie indignant yin, say, slice. Alternating beoween them, both aie of their slice of pi is a faa compared chee sibling’. hei us ao not fair!’ never transcend their own. — ere all for hr play so long as it helps us. pe an old story about this, in which the owner pe founds up labourers at different times a Faly in the morning he went out to find happily barter 25 times in a row. 1 Be gi ioece eae a at introduc es ae One monkey would still receive cucumber le its partner now enjoyed ‘ gists ” rapes, a Favourite food ‘monkeys. While that monkey had no problem, labourers, offering each Pali ‘same to those hired a But he offered the = one still working for cucumber would lose int Be cs coins - the day. The workers hired. orse, seeing its partner with juicy grapes, thi as ain expected to get more si monkey would get agitated, hurl oy Seabee le Be ne tm dike, as ee aortas: the pebbles our ofthe . fel he owed them any more aoe die A food aia se oe measly cucumber ured with gusto had originally promised become distasteful,G © There is a similarity here with the way we reject an unfair share of mu ney. Where do such reactions come from? They probably cvolved in the service of cnoperation. Caring about wha others gee may seem petty and irrational, bu inthe long nan it keeps tone from being taken advantage of. Had we merely ‘mentioned em s, such as resentment oF envy, ‘our findings might have gone unnoticed. Now we ‘drow the interest of philosophers, anthropologists and economists, who almost choked on the monkey ‘comparison. As it happened, our study came out at the very time that there was a public outcry aboue the ‘multimillion dollar pay packages that are occasionally given our on Wall Stree and elsewhere. Commentators ‘couldnt resist contrasting human society with our monkeys, suggesting that we could learn a thing or two from chem. D Our monkeys have not reached the point at which their sense of fainess stretches beyond egocentric interests — for example, the one who gets the grape rammar Identify the incorrect verb form in these sentences, then rewrite each sentence correctly starting with the word in brackets. EXAMPLE: The tourist party might actually have seen a gorilla in the flesh if the weather were a little more favourable. (Had ...) were > had been Had the weather been a little more favourable, the tourist party might actually have seen a gorilla in the flesh. a There should be no problem in arranging that Joan for you unless you will fail to meet our terms and conditions. (Provided ...) b If you would happen to notice anything strange, kindly make a note of it for me. (Should ...) ¢ Were jetlag a figment of the imagination, air travellers had no problems on arrival at their destination. (if...) As the sun should cause permanent damage to your eyes, you shouldnt look directly at it. (Given that ...) never levels the outcome by giving it to the other ~ but in cooperative human societies, such as those in which men hunt large game, anthropologists have found great sensitivity to equal distribution. Sometimes, successful hunters arent even allowed to carve up their own kill to prevent them from favouring their Family. These cultutes are keenly aware ofthe risk that inequicy poses to the socal fabric of their society Apes, as opposed to monkeys, may have an inkling of this connection, High-ranking male chimpanzees, for example, sometimes break up fights over food without taking any for themselves. During tess, a female received large amounts of milk and raisins, but noticed her friends watching her from a shore distance. ‘After a hile, she refused all rewards. Looking atthe experimenter, she kept gesturing to the others. until they were given a share of the goodies. She was doing the smart thing. Apes think ahead, and if she had eaten her fil righ i front of the rest, chere might have been repercussions when she rejoined them later in the day. € This planet would be heading for destruction, unless we pay more attention to environmental issues, (f...) f Provided you stay calm, we would be able to assess the situation quickly. a7 If we hadnt had luck on our side, we hadn't ever survived the storm and returned safe and sound, (Without ...) h If there isa red sky at night, it is fine the next day. (As long as...) i_ Ifyou spend long periods of time above 5500 ‘metres, you must experience the ill effects of altitude, (Provided ... not) You wouldn't have this wonderful evidence to support your theory now, if you didn't persevere with your research. (But for. Unless you took time to acclimatise when you arrive in a hot country, you will be asking for trouble. (As long as ...) 1 Pll agree to come to the party as long as you haven't worn those ridiculous trousers. (On condition that ...) STRANGE BEHAVIOUR 3Vocabulary 3 The words in capitals anagrams of nouns meaning behaviour. Use ‘he context and your dictionary to help you solve them ‘and fill the gaps. The first and last letters are given. ExaMpLe; Its considered good mariners in some societies to leave a little food on your NS after these sentences are all ur, Use the plate. Ri a Over the years we've got used to his funny little s. YAWS s since that morning have been NOCTIAS w b Hisa quite eccentric and unpredictable. ¢ The president surprised everyone with his unusual ¢. tat the memorial service. TUNCCOD She walked at the head of the procession, her b g proud and distinguished. GIRABEN When their favourite player was sent off, the 6 n of the crowd was very hostile. ‘TEANIORC f There was nothing in his d suggested he was anxious. _REUMANDEO ‘sare rather extraordinary. r that g His eating h... sTtHBA 4 Correct any words in these sentences which are used or spelled incorrectly. a The Santa Ana wind can have a dramatic affect on people in Los Angeles. b In some extreme weather conditions, people have been known to loose control. ¢ Certain weather patterns are associated with a raise in crime rates. d Predicting the weather accurately takes more than practise. My grandfather believes in weather lore like his ansestors before him. f The day the weather forecasters took industrious action was an interesting day for the nation. 8 — pe believe animal behaviour could offer a viable alternate means ie of earthquake h ace pee struck twice by lightning, she has experiences of hurricanes, UNIT3 Use words from the box to find collocations with the words in bold and complete the sentences, Use youn dictionary to help you feeling misgivings omen” sense sight sign__ suspicion EXAMPLE: Many teachers have expressed setiouy intuition misgivings about the new exams, a Those black clouds are a sure of rain. b Lonce met a man with second who told me I was going to lose my job ~ and Idid. ¢ Thad a funny that youd show up! d Tve got a sneaking thar going the wrong way. € We hoped that the delay at the airport was not a bad for our holiday. f She seemed to have a sixth when it came to knowing what her twin was thinking, 8 When a woman anticipates something, itis sometimes put down to female 6 The words in the box are all nouns that express strong emotions. Put each one in the correct sentence below to complete the collocations in bold, disgust fears. frustration guilt rage tedium a Margaret was haunted by wat the terrible things shed done. b To relieve the of the journey, John looked out of the window and counted Passing trucks, © When I told him what had happened, the manager exploded with 000... ‘Look, it’s annoying, but it's not my fault! Don't vent your... ‘on me! € Thope I have succeeded in allaying your .. about the future of the company. £ I could scarcely conceal my his table manners.Use of English 7 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) TIGERS AS PETS They may be (0)... extinction in India, China and Siberia, but in the US, tigers have found a new lease of life ~ after a fashion. More than 12,000 are kept as pets - double the number thought to exist in the wild. The craze persists (1)... concern among politicians and animal welfare groups. Vari s reputable organisations promote ownership of endangered species. Prices are not particularly (2) $1,000 for a generic cub, $3,600 for a pair of Bengal tigers. The private trade originated in zoos. Tiger cubs (3) popular with the public that 2008 started breeding more than they needed and sold the (4) to private breeders. ‘The US Endangered Species Act of 1973 outlaws the taking of endangered animals from the wild, but does not (5) what happens to the offspring of animals captured before the law was (6) Many owners believe they are saving an endangered species. But their cubs have no ”) among wild tigers. ‘They are a mixture of, (3) Sumatran, Siberian and Bengal tigers, which would not survive in the wild. 0 A facing B reaching C getting 1 A in contrast to B nevertheless C in spite of 2 A forbidding B prohibitive C impossible 3 A occurred B demonstrated __C established 4 A surplus B balance C residue 5 Arule B conduct C systematise 6 A sentenced B issued C passed. 7 A equivalent B similarity C substitute 8 A imagine B sy C suppose D meeting D whereas D restraining D proved D leftovers D regulate D stated D correspondent Dtake STRANGE BEHAVIOUR a.Listening 1 SEBTYou will h For questions 1-6, choose th ©) which fits best according to what yo ‘questions for each extract. ear three different extracts. e answer (A, B OF u hear. There are two You hear a man talking abo festival in China. 1 What is important to the man when eating a watermelon? A its outward appearance B its weight C its flesh 2. What impressed the man most about the festival? AA the trade opportunities B the educational dimension C the cultural [ erect Two. | ‘You hear part of an interview in which a journalist is talking about cookery books. 3, What is the journalist's main criticism of large cookbooks? ‘A The amount of information is slight. B The recipes often prove to be unreliable. The quality of the photography is patchy: 4 What is unique about William Verrall’s book, according to the journalist? A the ingredients it uses B its focus on the negative C the strength of its humour ‘You hear a woman talking about her recent ence at a top-class restaurant. 5 What did the she admire for its presentation? A the spicy steak B the barbecued fish C the vegetarian option 6 What aspect of the restaurant was the woman somewhat disappointed with? A the décor B the furniture C the atmosphere UNIT 4 jut a harvest 2 The recordings contain the phrasal verbs in 1-8 below. Match them to their meanings a-h. 1 engage with 2 thumb through 3 serve up 4 open up 5 come up with 6 hanker after 7 do out in 8 live up to there are things for tourists to engage with too you've also been thumbing through ‘some of the titles in a new series the typical glossy publishing we've been served up with for the last couple of decades these books open up new vistas but none comes up with observations like Verrall’s They ... seemed to hanker after my blackened cod the room, which was done out in subtle shades of blue and cream the food lived up to our expectations a. skim read a lot of text b beas good as ¢ decorate in a certain way d show interest in € create or reveal f present to the public g long for h think of or suggest3. Extract Three features adj idjectives can The first one is done for you. can describe both. Use a dictionary to help you. bland g Sani F grainy mushy sharp Pa es insipid overripe stale eae fl Me palatable tasteless pulpy watery Grammar 4 Complete this extract from the introduction to a book by Indian cookery writer Madhur Jaffrey, using an appropriate form of the verbs in brackets. Be careful to use a passive, would / used to ot a modal where necessary. There may be more than one comect answer 100)... awe, aliways loved. {always love) to eat well. My mother once ee (inform) me that my passion ole (date back) to the hour of my birth when my grandmother (3) (write) the sacred syllable ‘Om’ on my tongue with a finger dipped in fresh honey. I (4) (apparently observe) smacking my lips rather loudly. Starting from that time, food ~ good f00d = (8) een onwennnnnn {just appear) miraculously from somewhere at the back of our house in Delhi, It o wwe (precede) by the most tantalising odours and the sounds of crockery and cutlery on the move. Soon we (7). te {all sit) around the dinner table, engrossed in eating monsoon mushrooms cooked with coriander and turmeric, fish that my brothers (8) .nj.uewsnee (just catch) in the Jamuna River and cubes of lamb smothered in a yoghurt sauce. Indian food (9)... (be) far more varied than the menus. of Indian restaurants (10) onsen _... (Suggest). One of my fondest memories of school in Delhi (11)... (be) of the lunches that we (12)... _.(all bring) from our homes, ensconced in multi-tiered lunchboxes. My stainless steel lunchbox (13)... (dangle) from the handle of my bicycle as 1 (14)... (ride) at great speed to school every morning, my ribboned pigtails fluttering behind me, When the lunch bell finally (15). ae vo-evovemwr (Get) us free, my friends and | (16) (assemble) under a shady tree if it (a7)... vnmnen (b@) SUMMer OF on a sunny verandah if it (1B) nn nnnnmrennnnnene (D8) Winter. My mouth (19) SWEET RITUALS (auUse of English athe text below and think ofthe word which beat 8 Vocabulary 5 All the verbs in the box are used in 7 word in each gap. There is an ex collocation in the context of food. gap. use only one BAP ample at beginning (0). the rence below, Choose one for each sent changing the form of the verb where necessary. [bolt chew Tear dine” | steless tomatoes a depressing ssing Ta ermarket tomato i pecime | | munch _polishoff__} ] theaverage aifonnly red, full of water, and a In awe, we watched as the snake perfectly round, uniforsn'7 1 od ate the bird whole. (0) .--..lbhowt..... exception, utterly devoid (1) b The man gave his dog a bone to taste, In one consumer surve reer (2) = on. mass-produced fruits rate among the (3) our shopping bags. Supermarkets disappointing contents of ings: size, weigh! © Mia was sitting there, and colour, happily on an apple from her lunch care about four th der flavour an a taste, They ¢ box. 4 ‘Dont... your food or serelevance. But a properly grown, raw fruit, served you'll get indigestion; warned Sam's 1) ae nature intended ~ and what 1 (6) by that is fresh off a vine and preferably granny. is one of life's great pleasures. It ¢ Inthe restaurant by the lake, we still warm from the sun impact with your mouth 5 like kings, as the should explode (7) Good was on delicious and reasonably | end becetable only by slurping! It should be (81a fragile as to be impossible to handle priced. £ The young man was so ravenous he ate a huge chicken dinner and then ue large apple pie. without causing damage. Herein lies the problem for a commercial producer. To arrive on a supermarket shelf, a tomato must survive roughly a week of picking, packing and shipping. Unsurprising, not the real thing. 6 Complete these compound adjectives then, that the supermarket version is with a word that fits, There may be more than one correct answer. Use your dictionary to help you. EXAMPLE: ice-cold water drink svonee. Smell .. outlet eggs yoghurt tomatoes chocolatesEXAMPLE 0 Having bad table m nothing Theres nothing more oreying than people 1 The Portuguese probably introduced thought Chilli peppers ets the most annoying thing! with bad table manners. chilli peppers to Asia, to Asia by the Portuguese People think he succeeded through hard work and determination. put People hard work and determination, 3 Finnish people consume more coffee than any other Europeans. consumption Finland country in Burope, 4 Everyone must have noticed the change in temperature. failed No one. . : the change in temperature. 5 ‘The chef even revealed the secret ingredient in his winning recipe, far The chef Wemt nennrsnnnnnnimnnnninn the secret ingredient in his winning recipe. 6 ‘The organisers went out of their way to help. not ‘The organisers could... helpful. SWEET RITUALS 19i Reading to read an article about an A,B, Cor jew phenom You are going t questions 1-6, choose the answer (/ ‘Now Im as environmentally concerned as the next rman, probably moreso, infect, buta spate of new, books urging us to live ‘better, greener lifestyles and to live within nature's limits'leaves me rather cold. Evidently, it easy. Buy products that don't exploit other humans animals or the environment. Don't shop at the multinational supermarkets, support small shops whi ‘environmentally friendly products, buy local produce when ut it, just make your own ich sell re abot you need to, and, while you' bread, butter, cheese, jam, keep a milking cow, a few pigs, 1» goats, chickens, beehives, gardens and orchards. Well, what are you waiting for? The book A Slice of Organic Life by Sheherazade Goldsmith 1D) which you think fits be ‘enon called ethical shopping. For yest according to the text. markets are developing ~ one for unethical products ang cee for ethical products, and the expansion ofthe secong does little to hinder the growth of the first. am now drowning ina tide of ecojunk. Over the pas six months The problem with ethical shopping have come to learn that organic cotton bags ~ filled with packets of ginseng tea and jojoba ol bath sats ~ are now the obligatory gift at every environmental event. | have several lifetimes’ supply of ballpoint pens made with recycled paper and about half a dozen miniature solar chargers for gadgets that | do not possess. Last week one leading newspaper told its readers not to abandon the fight to save the planet. There is still hope, and the middle classes, with their composters and eco-gadgets, will be leading the way It containa plenty of use advice ond she Seat Eieaa madecurceewn tes Green made some helpful suggestions, such as informed. But of lobbying for political change, t a‘hydrogen-powered model racing cat, Manabe werd Acrending fo coldsrnity, | COPISUITICIISIN which fr £7495, comes with» sols pera su can save the planet from your own 5 an electrolyser and a fuel cell. One wonders Fier Sr paiatamactestenanipiey |S CC COUMING what are nate ad awe aviiiite cfandimenimasreaingentiensn — nO OP the Pxtserwerewsediomanuacre eal ras eteted ia sce aes he rare ericrrra cine alook. He flicked through it for a moment, planet we have simply created new opportunities tex sons cn ‘and then summed up the problem in seven ‘words: ’This is for people who don't work: The media's obsession with beauty, wealth and fame blights every issue it touches, but none more so than ‘green issues. There is an inherent conflict between the aspirational lifestyle journalism that makes readers feel better about themselves and sells country-style kitchens to those who can afford them, and the central demand of environmentalism ~ that we should consume less.’None ‘of these changes represents a sacrifice; Goldsmith tells us. ‘Being more conscientious isn't about giving up things’ But itisif lke her, you own more than one home when others have none. Uncomfortable as thisis for both the media and its advertisers, giving things up is an essential component ‘of going green. A section on ethical shopping in Goldsmith's, book advises us to buy organic, buy seasonal, buy local, ‘buy sustainable, buy recycled. But it says nothing about buying less. Green consumerism is becoming a pox on the planet. If itmerely swapped the damaging goods we buy for less ‘damaging ones, | would champion it. But two parallel But there is another danger with ethical shopping. | have met houseowners who have bought solar panels and wind turbines before they have done the simple thing and insulated their lofts, partly because they love gadgets but partly, | suspect, because everyone can then see how conscientious and how rich they are. We are often told that buying such products encourages us to think more widely about environmental challenges, but it is just as likely to be depoliticising. Green consumerism is a substitute for collective action. No political challenge can be met by shopping. Challenge the new green consumerism and you become 2 prig and a party pooper. Against the shiny new world of organic aspirations you are forced to raise boring ‘restraints: carbon rationing, contraction and convergence, tougher building regulations, coach lanes on motorways. No newspaper will carry an article about that But these ‘Measures, and the long hard political battle that is needed to bring them about, are unfortunately what is required.1 By sing the phrase ‘Well, what are you waiting for? (lines 11-12), the writer is A the impossibility of what is being proposed B the urgency of the environmental problem as to what action is required D how long it will take to change people’ mindsets 2 In the third paragraph, the writer disagrees with Sheherazade ( A how people will react to being told how to run their lives, B how the media can best promote the concept of ethical shopping, C the need for the media to get involved in environmental matters, D the need for people to make sactifices 3 What is the writer saying in the fourth p C how unclear it is joldsmith on aragraph about the growth of ethical products? A Ithas a part to play in limiting waste B It goes hand-in-hand with lack of quality C It creates its own unnecessary demand D Ie results in items that are ever r more expensi 4 What irony does the write + pick up on in the fifth paragraph? A he supposedly ‘green’ substance used to fuel the car is harmful. © production of the car contributes to environmental damage. C The cost of the car puts it beyond the reach of those who would benefit from it. D The target market for the car is people who cause the most environmental problems. 5 What isthe ‘danger with ethical shopping’ that the A It may lead to unfair situations, B It could become a political tool € Itis becoming a signifier of social status, D It encourages us to save money in the wrong areas. 6 What is the writer’ position on ethical shopping in the article as a whole? A Ithas become a plaything for the super rich. B There is very little in it which is new or relevant, C Ithas served its purpose and should now be replaced. D There is a better way of tackling environmental issues. writer refers to in the sixth paragraph? Grammar 2 Which of these nouns are countable, which are uncountable and which can be either? Use your dictionary to help you complete the table. The first one has been done for you. co Sa ey ave |x ¢ | machinery appliance | money business | parking cash preference dlothing produce competition product complaint romation equipment I publicity [esperience right furniture shopping information success THE CONSUMER SOCIETY3 Use words from exercise 2 tocomplete these sentences. Where necessary add a/an, the, Some or any. There may De more than one correct answer. Youve bought a lovely house and ‘twill look great once you get in. a tb When my grandmother was @ child, such as washing machines and dishwashers did not exist. Wehave received, * about our new service from @ dissatisfied ‘customer in ‘Sweden. 4 Arhuge percentage of new products coming to the market will fail are surprisingly hard to achieve. «Sorry cat come, but Ive been asked fo take part in... ers for my company’s new skin care range. Apparent -xncneeennraremen at the new store is free to drivers who spend over a certain sum there. g lf thereis choice of colours, do you have 2 re um Generated by the court case is hardly what the ‘manufacturers would have wanted. i When credit and debit cards are so widely accepted these days, I dont see the point fn caPryiNg : j Although he enjoys his work, he tries hard not to let “ interfere with pleasure. ee ee in the retail sector are likely to see their profits hit. 1 Byentering... ea Very week, she reckons on winning something at least four times a year! from overseas has prompted many manufacturing companies to slash their costs. Suess ‘4. Which of the verb forms in italics in these sentence verect? sometimes the singular ver is correct sil the plural verbs correct and sometimes both ee Delete the options which don't apply. correct, exams: Athletics isfare on TV this afternoon, Belongings is/are sometimes a burden, Your clothes is/are very smart ‘The committee votes/vote on the issue tonight. ‘The economy is/are in a state of decline. ‘A new family has/have moved in next door ‘The goods is/are scheduled for detivery next w The government is/are expected to announce pe es proposals. m Management has/have offered staff a 3% pay ri ‘The news is/are on at 10 p.m. . ‘The police is/are investigati a Ps estigating fraud allegations against kc Their premises was/were demolished last year 1 The public is/are not interested in the lives of popstars, second-rate ‘m Our swimming team is/are the best. in The United States of America has/have been th principal economic power. the worlds mame nose = Vocabulary 5 Which of the topic areas below do the w rords ii belong to? Complete the word spiders sabes at dictionary to help you. The first one has been ocieoal you, affirence consumers ee ccc mane image Internet _ legal rights Teale a mailorder malpractice money back retailers returns sales assistants Pete rant Sa sect ivcoeell6 Which word from the box can precede every word in each group of Use of English words below? Use your dictionary 8 Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of to help you decide and check any some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. meanings you don't know. There is an example at the beginning (0). advertising brand consumer market retail shopping | EXAMPLE: awareness, image, leader loyalty, name. brand (brand awareness, brand image, etc.) goods, issues, products, rights, society b bag, basket, centre, mall, spree, trolley ¢ agency, budget, campaign, executive, slogan d forces, leader, niche, research, segment, share, value € business, outlet, price, therapy 7 Which of these expressions take right, which take wrong and which can take either? Delete the words which don’t apply. Use your dictionary to help you and check any meanings you don't know. Retail therapy’ - shopping to improve your mood ~ has become something of a fashionable leisure (0) .pArsuit.. PURSUE in Britain in recent years. It is the acceptable face of something much more sinister - the serious medical condition of shopping addiction. The number of people suffering from this illness las (1) onuth® TAKE number of drug and drink addicts combined. Some experts believe that twenty per cent of the female population may be shopaholies. The condition has led to family break-ups, EXAMPLE: bark up the right/wrong tree a bein the right/wrong b be the right/wrong way round depression and (2) nies HOME ¢ be within your rights/wrongs , catch aiaeborty onthe ight! Psychiatrists claim one reason for the epidemic is that wrong foot shopping has never been $0 (8) .anessone ALLURE e tipteritierere thing Shopping centres are now beautiful, attractive places. £ get hold of the right/wrong end In some shops, store cards or (4) enon cards LOYAL of the stick are offered indiscriminately at the til, and credit is still g get on the right/wrong side of relatively easy to obtain. Experts also claim that shopping h get out of bed on the right/wrong addiction often masks deeper problems. As one of them ee says, Mostly there is underlying depression and i rub somebody up the right/ (5) Sometimes caused by a disturbed ANXIOUS wrong way relationship with one's parents. Cold and j_ strike the right/wrong note (6) -nnuono-nn- Parents often lavish presents on EMOTION k start off on the right/wrong foot their (7). who then come to associate SPRING 1 the rights/wrongs and rights/ ‘hat with (8) : gen wrongs of something eee m two rights/wrongs don't make a right/wrong THE CONSUMER SOCIETY6 The sound of music Listening 38 You will hear a talk by aman called William Bond about his work as a freelance musician. For questions 1-9, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. William had some highly lucrative work at a local school, advising them about the of students’ playing a or singing. William likens the personal concerts he’s given William says the work was hard for him, and to the (2) that business likens the plot he had to work with to a people do. 6) William says the opera featured many William's most recent involvement with an opera different types of music and made him see production was as the (3) of ” music in @ new light the music When talking about the opera’s themes, William An opera project for homeless people that William got involved in was paid for by contributors sings about imagining (4) ‘The homeless people themselves indicated what they called the (5) * ? that William should try to capture in the music says one of the himself in a (8) The background compilation accompanying some water songs featured a (9) which was praised by the audience. Grammar 2 Complete this sentence in eight different ways by choosing the most aj propriate ending (a-h) for each verb (1-8). Use each ‘ending once only. You will need to think carefully about form and meaning. EXAMPLE: I e He might practise in the music room wi 1 might practise 2 could've practised 3 should practise 4 cant be practising 5 shouldn't have practised 6 must've been practising 7 might not have practised 8 must be practising ith a bit of encouragement. a if he hadn't lost the key. b as we can't find him anywhere else. ¢ without first asking permission. 4 as often as he can € with a bit of encouragement, f if his teacher hadn't recommended it. & ~ he doesnt have his saxophone today. h or his things wouldn't still be in there. He in the music room3 Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets with an appropriate modal auxiliary from the box. You will need to think carefully about meaning and may need to change the form of the verbs. Sometimes you will need to use a negative. There may be more than one correct answer. [can could may might must should EXAMPLE: He can't have enjoyed (enjoy) the concert it was terrible! a Research suggests you (score) better on a standard 1Q test if you listen to Mozart first b Strange as it (seem), Mozart's music (have) a profound effect on the brain, ¢ Ifyould had a better violin teacher, you (give up). 4 Nobody was impressed by the musicians. They really (prepare) better for the audition. € If you're really interested in flamenco you (go) to Spain, £ You (still earn) an instrument, you know. It’s not too late. gl _ (say) I would go to the concert. I'm really not looking forward to it. h Nadia Gerber is listed twice in the programme. She (play) in both pieces. i Surely, they eae (both learn) the trombone, can they? j You way they would lose the final match. Such was the standard of the final match, Read the text below and decide which answer (A, 8, Cor D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) Marcel Marceau, the mime artist Wearing white trousers and a striped vest, and with a {0)_P__.mask of a face, the celebrated mime artist Marcel Marceau produced a whole (1) of unforgettable characters ~ waiters, sculptors, matadors and ballet dancers. One critic said of him 'He (2) in less than two minutes what most novelists cannot do in volumes, As a child in the 1920s Marcel enjoyed the silent movies of the time, learning from the (3) of Buster Keaton and Charlie Chaplin how to express your feelings (4) mime. Marcel toured the whole world doing his mime show based on the antics of ‘Bip’, the character he created. The names Marcel Marceau and mime became (5) linked in the public mind and the Japanese in particular (6) under his spell. Marcel also appeared in several films, including Mel Brooks's original Silent Movie, in which Marceau spoke the only line ~ (7)... the only audible word - ‘Non!’ The list of Marcel’s prizes and honorary doctorates is, enormous, and the city of Paris has a permanent mime school (8)... after him. 0 A typical B truthful C precise D veritable 1 A host B gathering C multitude D swarm 2 A fulfilled B attained C accomplished D executed 3 A equals B likes C counterparts D parallels 4 A through B across C under Dby 5 A inextricably B irretrievably € infallibly D irrevocably 6 Aran B fell € stood Dhy 7 A likewise B indeed C similarly D furthermore 8 A entitled B called C termed D named BEFORE YOUR VERY EYES (meListening 1 M9 You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract [_Batract one_j You hear two people talking about ci life. 1 What does the man say about the location of his childhood home? A Iestill retains some of its appeal B He appreciates more than ever how ‘excellent it was People comment on it in a sentimental way 2 What does the woman imply about her country? A There is no ideal part to live in. B People in it have a cynical attitude. © The countryside is preferable to the towns, You hear two people talking about a city hotel. 3 The woman suggests that the hotel management A believe in keeping a very low profile. B are much more ruthless than first appears. C do relatively little to improve its state of repair. 4 What does the woman say about the staff? A Their politeness is fake and over the top. B They are well known for giving slow service. C Notall of them are honest and reliable. \ UNIT 8& Urban jungle You hi geal street 5 The speaker A encourages people B produces a distinctly strang: ss agree that the problem with cars in this sy to cheat the system. ¢ situation. C causes a lot of confusion even among local speakers see as the real source of the problem? 6 What do th spaces aren't fixed. free to park there B Non-residents ‘Too many permits are handed out Use of English 2. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each ‘gap. Use only one word in each gap. Civilisation and Urbanisation Barly civilisations, as (1) to merely pri ‘early societies, seem to have a common positive characteristic 2)... they change the human scale of things. The bring together the cooperative efforts of large numbers of peop ‘usually bringing them together physically in large agglomerations. usually marked by urbanisation. be a bold individual who was Civilisation is — to draw a precise line at the moment when the balance towards a dense pattern of agricultural villages @) a religious centre or a market to reveal the true city. However, it is perfectly reasonable to say that more (5) : .. other institution the city has provided critical mass which produces civilisation. Inside the city, the surpluses of wealth produced by ag ‘pil possible other things chat o» civilised life. They provided for upkeep of a priestly class which elaborated a complex Structure, leading to the construction of great bui serving more than merely economic functions, and in Tee - to the writing down ofliterature,Use of English 3. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, 8, C or 0) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) Urban gum crime lhe Mayan tribes of South America would chew chic, a natural form of rubber, while the Ancient Groeks (0)....A...the resin Grammar 4 Rewrite these sentences starting with the word(s) given. EXAMPLE: The minute the mayor walked into her office, the phone started ringing, (No sooner) No sooner had the mayor cof mastic shrub. In modem Britain, we lke to chow sticks and walked into her office than tablets of manufactured gum ~ and (1) ofthe tasteless sticky the phone started ringing. ferenian Fe greundl The traffic ground to a halt just after However, recent leisation in the UK means that used chewing they joined the freeway. (Scarcely) gum is now (2) pavement or (3) as litter and anyone who drops it on the Im any public place is committing a crime b The council only started showing interest in the redevelopment and can be fined, Some areas have council litter wardens wha can scheme last month. (Not Gaal (4) eonennn ON-tHe- spot fines. € These are by far and away the most ‘Anew government imaginative proposals the city has campaign (5) the ever received. (Never before) extent of the problem d Government investment in public and aims to (6). transport is often not remotely awareness about this adequate, (Seldom) anti-social habit, for instance with posters in shopping areas. Throughout the UK, ‘councils spend £150m ‘a year removing chewing um from the streets, and £4m of that is in London alone. Indirectly, Athi iS ) oer taxpayers’ money. € The new transport network had not Jong been open when a number of similar schemes were announced in cities around the country. (Hardly) f The only other time I have seen such deprivation was in slums that are now demolished. (Only once) g Itis very difficult for town centre redevelopments to achieve a harmonious balance between old and new. (Rarely) ze h After the minister had finished his ®) : main tour of inspection, he made his removal method, but use pronouncement. (Only after) is also made of chemical sprays, freezing, pressurized water and steam. 0 A favoured B approved C commended D indulged 1 Adiscard —_B dispose __C dispense _D disperse 2 Aranked —_B classified C systematised D codified 3 Aatany rate B anyway Cevenso _D indeed 4A fix B compel C impose _D prescribe 5 A features B declares C focuses _D highlights 6 A make B provoke C grow D raise 7 Anodoubt B forsure C ofcourse —_D within reason 8 AScraping B Clawing € Scratching D Rubbing URBAN JUNGLE 33ful sentences containing 2” inversion. The first .se words to make meanin re correct. medieval runs wide ity’s boulevard a fine intact " dieval core runs a fine wide 5 Rearrange the! two words of €: ‘Around the core ci “Around the city’s intact med yore are seel ach sentence are boulevard. PXAMPLE fernatives is people a So stressful becoming more and m Jing city life that alt So stressful alternatives b Under no take ow" ts their should into hands. Under no hands. Little was mayor to signed by was lan nn circumstances matters residen